Unit 8 Make a Difference (Section B) 核心知识点精讲精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元全方位精练（新教材人教版）

该初中英语单元复习讲义以Section B为核心，通过内容思维导图构建知识框架，结合表格系统梳理38个重点短语，分模块解析15个核心词汇及8种重难句型，清晰呈现单元知识脉络与内在逻辑。 讲义亮点在于“随学随练+分层过关”的练习设计，如词汇“missing”配备辨析填空，句型“过去进行时”设置翻译练习，助力学生夯实语言能力。知识过关练习涵盖词汇、语法、阅读等多元题型，兼顾基础巩固与思维提升，为教师精准教学和学生自主复习提供有效支持。

Unit 8 Make a Difference 核心知识点精讲 3 (Section B) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section B部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有“知识过关练习”，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section B部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. thank sb. for... 因…… 感谢某人 2. invite sb. to do... 邀请某人做某事 3. get a bad head injury 头部受重伤 4. call an emergency number 拨打紧急电话 5. *sign up 报名 6. *ever since 自从；自…以后 7. stay safe 注意安全；保持平安 8. prepare for 为…… 做准备 9. provide medical aid 提供医疗救助 10. search for 搜寻；查找 11. missing people 失踪人员 12. natural disaster 自然灾害 13. as far away as... 远至…… 14. practical life-saving skills 实用的救生技能 15. the key to... …… 的关键 16. *most of all 最主要的是 17. primary goal 首要目标 18. an ordinary person 普通人 19. rush into 冲进；闯入 20. make a difference 有影响；起作用 21. get to know 了解；认识 22. be willing to... 愿意做…… 23. put one’s life in danger 置某人于危险之中 24. full of energy 精力充沛 25. *on the go 忙个不停；四处奔走 26. belong to 属于 27. *in need 需要帮助的；生活困难的 28. look for 寻找 29. improve the reading skills 提升阅读能力 30. have a clear goal 有明确的目标 31. stick to 坚持；固守 32. have a medical examination 体检 33. nursing home 养老院；疗养院 34. help the elderly 帮助老人 35. *pocket money 零花钱 36. be worth the effort 付出的努力值得 37. clean up 打扫；清理 38. help out 帮忙；协助 39. *hand out 分发；派发 40. carry out 执行；实施 41. *familiar with 熟悉…… 42. good at 擅长…… 43. drop us an email 给我们发一封邮件 2、 重点词汇解析 1. missing /ˈmɪsɪŋ/ adj. 失踪的；丢失的 [词汇拓展] miss(v.)发觉丢失；思念；错过 [词汇搭配] search for missing people搜寻失踪人员 [词汇例句] My gloves have been missing for ages. 我的手套已经丢了很久了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The ________ boy was last seen near the river. His mother ________ him very much. A．missing; missed B．missed; missed C．missing; missing D．miss; missed (2) —Judy, you misspelled the word “successfully” as “successfuly”. —Oh, I’ll write the ________ letter “l” right away. A．unusual B．missing C．personal D．whole 2. practical /ˈpræktɪkl/ adj. 实用的；实际的 [词汇拓展] practice(n.)练习；实践；practically(adv.)实际地；差不多，几乎 [词汇搭配] practical life-saving skills实用的救生技能；practical problems实际问题 [词汇例句] From a practical point of view, it isn't a good place to live.实际一点看，这里不是理想的住处。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Teenagers should learn some ________ skills, like cooking and first aid, to live independently. A．practical B．local C．medical D．natural 3. successful /səkˈsesfl/ adj. 成功的；有成就的 success /səkˈses/ n. 成功 [词汇拓展] succeed(v.)成功；successfully(adv.)成功地 [词汇搭配] successful rescues 成功的救援；the key to success成功的关键 [词汇例句] [随学随练] 用success的适当形式填空 (1) We all wish you to become a ________ scientist in the future. (2) He ________ completed the difficult task and everyone praised him. (3) If you get enough exercise, you can ________in keeping fit. (4) To achieve ________ , you need to have a clear goal. 4. value /ˈvæljuː/ n. 重要作用；价值 v.重视，珍视 [词汇拓展] values(pl.)价值观；valuable(adj.)宝贵的；valueless (adj.) 无价值的；无用的 invaluable(adj.)极宝贵的 [词汇搭配] the value of every life每个生命的价值；value our friendship珍惜我们的友谊 [词汇例句] The story has very little news value. 这件事没有什么新闻价值。 [随学随练] 用value的适当形式填空 (1) I regret(后悔) taking his suggestions. They’re valueless. (2) Studying in a university is an invaluable experience. (3) The book provides valuable information on recent trends(趋势). (4) The winner will receive a prize to the value of £1 000. (5) I really value him as a friend. 5. voluntary /ˈvɒləntri/ adj. 自愿的；无偿的 [词汇拓展] volunteer(n.)志愿者；(v.)自愿做；voluntarily(adv.)自愿地；义务地 [词汇搭配] a voluntary agreement自愿协议；do some voluntary work 从事一些义务性工作 [词汇例句] In her spare time she does voluntary work. 她在业余时间做义工。 6. worth /wɜːθ/ adj. 值得；有价值 [词汇拓展] worthy(adj.)值得...的，应该获得...的；值得尊敬的; worthless(adj.)没用的，无价值的 [词汇搭配] worth it值得的；be worth doing...值得被做；worth one’s while对…有好处（或用处）；值得 [词汇例句] Our house is worth about £100 000. 我们的房子大约值10万英镑。 The museum is certainly worth a visit. 这家博物馆的确值得参观。 [随学随练] 用worth相关表达翻译句子或补全句子 (1) 你来参加会议对你会大有好处。 It will be worth your while to come to the meeting. (2) 这幅画值多少钱？ (3) 这个想法很值得考虑。 (4) 这工作又累人又枯燥，但是值得。 7. willing /ˈwɪlɪŋ/ adj. 乐意的；愿意的 [词汇拓展] will(n.)意愿；意志；unwilling(adj.)不愿意的；willingness(n.)意愿 strong-willed(adj.)意志力坚强的 [词汇搭配] be willing to do...乐意做某事，愿意做某事 [词汇例句] I'm perfectly willing to discuss the problem.我十分乐意讨论这个问题。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Sally is not ________ to depend on others too much. She always tries to do things on her own first. A．excited B．lively C．willing D．wise 8. completely adv. 完全地；彻底地 [词汇拓展] complete(adj.)完全的，彻底的；(v.)完成；incompletely(adv.)不完全地 [词汇搭配] completely voluntary完全自愿的；completely different截然不同 [词汇例句] I've completely forgotten her name.我完全把她的名字给忘了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 — Have you tried the new AI homework helper DeepSeek? — Yes. It can ________ understand my questions and give clear answers, which really surprises me. A．hardly B．completely C．closely D．simply 9. elder /ˈeldə(r)/ adj. (尤指家庭中两个成员) 年龄较长的 [词汇拓展] old(adj.)年老的；旧的；older(adj.)年纪更大的；更旧的 [词汇搭配] elder sister姐姐；elder brother哥哥 [词汇用法] · elder只表示“年龄较长的”，用与名词前，不说elder than。 My elder brother always volunteers at a nursing home. 我哥哥经常在养老院作志愿者。 · older既表示“年龄更大的”，也表示物体等“更旧的”。 He is two years older than me, 他比我大两岁。 10. donate /dəʊˈneɪt/ v. 捐赠；赠送 [词汇拓展] donation(n.)捐赠；捐赠物；give away捐赠，赠送 [词汇搭配] donate pocket money捐赠零花钱 [词汇例句] He donated thousands of pounds to charity. 他向慈善事业捐款数千英镑。 [随学随练] 单项填空 It is ________ of the people to ________ money to the poor people! A．important; donating B．generous; raising C．meaningful; raise D．helpful; donate 11. effort /ˈefət/ n. 努力；艰难的尝试 [词汇拓展] effortless(adj.)不需费力的；容易的 [词汇搭配] be worth the effort值得努力；put a lot of effort into...投入很多努力 make an effort to do...努力做某事；spare no effort to do 不遗余力做某事 [词汇例句] It's a long climb to the top, but well worth the effort.爬到顶上路程很长，虽然费力却很值得。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The Chinese mountaineering team made every ________ through the difficulties. Hours later, they reached the top. A．speech B．interview C．effort D．point 12. talent /ˈtælənt/ n. 才能；天赋；天才 [词汇拓展] talented(adj.)有天赋的；gift(n.)礼物，天赋 [词汇搭配] have a talent for...在...方面有天赋；a man of many talents多才多艺的男子 a great talent了不起的天才 [词汇例句] He showed a strong talent for math and science from an early age.他从小就展现出在数学和科学 方面的过人天赋。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What do you think of the speech contest last week, Kathy? —Well, it was a great success and it gave students a chance to show their ________. A．talent B．energy C．praise D．purpose 13. advertisement /ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt; ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt/ (= ad /æd/) n. 广告；启事 [词汇拓展] advertise(v.)（为…）做广告；登广告；advertising(n.)广告活动；广告业；做广告 [词汇搭配] put/place an advertisement登广告 [词汇例句] Put an advertisement in the paper to sell your car. 在报纸登一则广告来出售你的汽车。 [随学随练] 单项填空 I saw an ________ in the city library about a free English corner every Saturday. A．action B．advertisement C．agreement D．activity 3、 重难句型解析 1. 过去进行时句型 (教材原句)Back in 2008, I was hiking in the mountains with some friends when one of them fell and got a bad head injury. 过去进行时表示过去某个时刻或时间段正在进行的动作。其谓语结构为：was/were+doing。 when引导一个时间状语从句。when引导的从句表示过去时间时，主句常用过去进行时。 如：What was your brother doing when I called you? 我给你打电话时你弟弟在做什么？ [随学随练] 翻译句子 昨天我看到福星时，他正在帮助一位老人过马路。 2. 宾语从句 (教材原句)It was already dark, and we couldn’t even see where we were. (教材原句)The speaker shares what he has learnt from his volunteer experience. (教材原句)The speaker tells a story about how he got to know Blue Sky Rescue. (教材原句)His work shows us that anyone can make a difference. 宾语从句的常见引导词有that，where，what，how等，此外还有whether，if。其区别主要如下： that引导宾语从句时，没有含义，也不充当成分，一般可以省略。 whether/if表示“是否”，不充当成分。 what,who等疑问代词在宾语从句中充当主干成分。where，when，how等疑问副词在宾语从句中不充当主干成分，一般充当状语成分。 如：I realized that he lied to me.我意识到他对我撒了谎。 We wonder whether Lucy will accept out invitation.我们想知道露西是否会接受我们的邀请。 Nobody knows what he wrote on the paper.没人知道他在纸上写了什么。 Mr. Brown has known why David was late this morning. 布朗先生已经知道大卫今早迟到的原因了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —Do you know ________ it’s important to protect these ancient trees? —I think they carry historical and cultural information. A．why B．when C．where D．how (2) —We want to know ________ he could finish the difficult task on time. —He said teamwork helped him a lot. A．how B．whether C．where D．when (3) There are ups and downs in life, and we should think about ________ we learn from them. A．why B．what C．which D．where 3. so...that...结果状语从句 (教材原句)We were so thankful that they found us. so...that...表示“如此...以至于...”，so后接形容词或副词，that后接一个结果状语从句。 such...that...也表示“如此...以至于...”，such后接名词或名词短语。 如：He talked so loudly that everyone could hear him.他说话声音太大，所有人都能听见。 It’s such useful information that we can’t wait to share it with other teams.这信息十分有用，我们迫不及 待想分享给其他团队。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 我们玩得太开心了，以至于没注意到时间。 (2) 扬州很美，以至于越来越多的人爱上了这座城市。 4. 被动语态句型 (教材原句)It’s voluntary, so we aren’t paid. aren’t paid是被动语态的否定式。被动语态肯定式由“be动词+动词的过去分词”构成，表示“被...”。 如：Today, many learning apps are used by students to help with their study.如今，许多学习应用程序被学 生用来帮助他们的学习。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What a nice classroom! —Yes. It ________ every day. A．is cleaning B．is cleaned C．has cleaned D．must clean 5. 定语从句 (教材原句)To the people we’ve saved and their loved ones, ... (教材原句)And that makes everything we do worth it. 第一句中的we’ve saved和第二句中we do都是定语从句，且都省略了关系词。第一句全句应为that/who/whom we’ve saved(修饰前面的the people)；第二句全句应为that we do(修饰前面的everything)。关系代词that,which,who等在定语从句中充当宾语成分时可以省略。 如：The kind girl (that/who/whom) we met yesterday often helps homeless animals find homes.我们昨天遇到 的那位善良女孩经常帮助流浪动物找到家。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The volunteers ________ risked their lives to save people during the fire are true heroes. A．that B．whom C．which D．what (2) —What kind of after-school activities do you like? —I like those activities ________ are about English. A．who B．which C．where D．why 6. SVOC句型 (教材原句)And that makes everything we do worth it. 此句中makes是谓语动词，everything we do是makes后的宾语，worth it充当宾语补足语。整个句子是“主+谓+宾+宾语补足语”句型，即SVOC句型。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 她的肢体语言使人们觉得受欢迎，所以他们向她寻求帮助。 (2) 清洁工每天很早就清空垃圾桶，使我们的社区干净整洁。 4、 其他知识解析 1. some time用法 (教材原句)After some time, we heard dogs barking and the voices of the Blue Sky Rescue team. some time意为“一段时间”，指一定的期限，表示相当长的一段时间。 sometime意为“在某一个时候；昔时”，可以指将来，也可以表示过去的不确定的时间。 sometime还可以用作形容词，放在名词前作定语，意为“(某人曾经是…)从前的，一度的”。 sometimes表示“有时候”，是频度副词。 some times表示“几次，几倍”。 如：He was a sometime teacher. 他曾经是个老师。 He sometimes goes to school on foot. 他有时走路上学。 [随学随练] 单项填空 I have spent ________ on this job. I think I can finish it ________ this afternoon. A．sometime; sometime B．sometimes; sometime C．some time; sometime D．some times; some time 2. 感官动词后接非谓语动词 (教材原句)After some time, we heard dogs barking and the voices of the Blue Sky Rescue team. 在watch,see,hear,notice,feel等感官动词后，若强调动作全过程或经常性动作，跟不带to的不定式；若强调动作正在进行，跟doing结构。 如：I often hear her sing in the room. 我经常听到她在房间唱歌。(强调动作全过程或经常性动作) I saw him crossing the street. 我看见他正在过马路。(强调动作正在进行) [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) I noticed many boys ________ outside on every No-homework Day—Wednesday. A．play basketball B．to play basketball C．playing basketball D．plays basketball (2) —Do you often hear birds ________ around your house? —Yes. When I walked past the trees just now, I heard some of them ________. A．to sing; singing B．sing; singing C．singing; to sing D．sing; to sing 3. 动词-ing作主语 (教材原句)Most of all, being a volunteer has taught me the value of every life. 此句中being a volunteer作主语。单个的动词-ing形式作主语时，其后谓语动词用单数形式。 如：Volunteering is a good way to help children develop kindness. 做志愿活动是培养孩子们善心的好方式。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 毫无疑问，坚持做运动让我们变得强壮。 (2) 养成良好的阅读习惯能给我们打开一个全新的世界。 4. as...as结构用法 (教材原句)In 2023, we even helped in places as far away as Türkiye! (教材原句)But our primary goal has always been to save as many people as we can. as...as表示“和...一样”。“as far as+地点”可译为“远至某地”。as ... as sb. can可译为“尽某人所能（做某事）”。 如：The game begins and everyone starts to climb as fast as they can. 比赛开始了，所有人都开始全力快速 攀爬。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) 心理健康和身体健康一样重要。 (2) 他尽可能快地跑去赶公交车，所以上车时他气喘吁吁。 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据据提示填写正确形式的单词或按照中文句子补全句子，每空一词。 (1) Volunteers need to be ________ (愿意的) to work in difficult conditions. (2) The police are looking for a ________ (失踪的) child who was last seen near the park. (3) We should learn some p________ (实用的；实际的) skills like first aid to protect ourselves. (4) China’s new course plans have c________ (完全地) improved teenagers’ physical health. (5) They decided to ________ (捐赠) all the money raised from the charity concert to the children’s hospital. (6) It takes a lot of ________ (努力) to learn English well. (7) The school will hold a show to let students show their ________ (才能). (8) There are more ________ (广告) on TV now. I don’t like watching TV. (9) The t________ (团队合作) of the climbers led them to the top of the mountain. (10) As the host city, Suzhou will manage to make the 2026 ISF Football World Cup a great ________ (成功). (11) He greeted the ________ (女士) with a smile and said, “Good morning!” (12) Excuse me, ________ (夫人；女士), could you tell me where the nearest post office is? (13) There are many differences between children and a________ (成年人). (14) The traditional Chinese folk music has a lasting ________ (价值). (15) The book is well w________ (值得) reading. You can learn a lot from it. (16) I want to ________ ________ (报名) for the club to help others. (17) I prefer snacks that are easy to eat ________ ________ ________ (在忙碌中), like fruit or granola bars. (18) Would you like to give me some ideas about helping children ________ ________ (有需要的)？ (19) He saved his ________ ________ (零花钱) to buy a new book. (20) Can you help me ________ ________ (分发)these textbooks to your classmates? 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) In daily life, ________ (gentleman) always follow the rule “lady first”. (2) The search team is still looking for the ________ (miss) hiker in the mountain. (3) Chinese fans are both ________ (practice) tools and beautiful works of art. (4) Our ________ plan made the project ________, and we celebrated this great ________ with the villagers. (success)​ (5) The traditional art pieces in the museum are __________ treasures in Chinese culture. (value) (6) Many students volunteer ________ (do) small acts of kindness. These ________ (volunteer) often visit the elderly. They find ________ (volunteer) work meaningful. (7) The film Ne Zha is well worth ________ (watch), as it tells a touching story about family and friendship. (8) All the volunteers are willing ________ (work) long hours to help the old people. (9) Of course, a colour walk cannot ________ (complete) take all your worries away. (10) Tom and Tim are twins. Tom is Tim’s ________ brother. (old) (11) The school received a large ________ (donate) of books from a local charity. (12) Everybody should make an effort ________ (protect) the environment. (13) Mark is not as ________ (talent) as his brother in painting. (14) My little sister has a talent ________ dancing. She can learn new dance moves very quickly. (15) I ________ (discuss) the activity plan with my teammates when our teacher walked into the classroom. (16) I first met Ann in 2008 and we _________ (be) friends ever since. 3. 单项填空 (1) Xu Mengtao often ________ in many competitions (比赛) because of her hard work. Her ________ makes us keep trying. A．success; success B．succeed; successful C．success; succeeds D．succeeds; success (2) This app gives ________ tips on how to save electricity at home, like turning off lights when leaving a room. A．strange B．common C．practical D．missing (3) The Chinese saying “A tree can’t make a forest” tells us ________ is very important. A．promise B．decision C．teamwork D．experience (4) __________ my teacher helped me out of trouble, I have tried my best to help my classmates in return. A．As if B．Ever since C．Even though D．As soon as (5) We should reach out to those ________ around us, such as the poor and the lonely elderly. A．in detail B．in need C．in surprise D．in person (6) At first, I swam just to take my mind off things. But soon, I fell ________ in love with the sport. A．completely B．clearly C．recently D．brightly (7) In order to better protect giant pandas, we need to help ________ the giant pandas to go back to the wild. A．count B．donate C．train D．invite (8) All of us are preparing for the final exams.We should ________ every minute to review the lessons. A．waste B．kill C．value D．pass (9) I ________ scared of snakes ever since a snake hurt me when I was five years old. A．will be B．was C．have been D．would be (10) It takes a man years of ________ to be a master of folk art. A．charm B．talent C．effort D．offer (11) The school library will ______ new novels to students during the reading festival. A．hand in B．hand out C．put in D．put out (12) —Hi, Sandy. How is your school art club? —Fantastic. We can choose the course according to our ________. I am good at operas, so I join Beijing Opera club. A．grades B．talents C．appearances D．introductions (13) —Wow, a new Huawei phone. What a big surprise! Thanks. But I don’t know how to use it. —It doesn’t matter. Just follow the ________. A．instructions B．messages C．advertisement D．information (14) Changchun Movie Wonderland (长影世纪城) is a wonderful place which is worth ________. A．visit B．to visit C．visiting D．visited (15) —I tried to make Cindy ________, but I didn’t make it. —Oh, I saw you ________ that when I came here. A．laugh; to do B．laugh; doing C．to laugh; to do D．laughing; doing (16) —Will Joe come to our new club this weekend? —I am not sure ________ he will come, but I believe ________ he will help us. A．if; whether B．that; whether C．whether; if D．whether; that 4. 选择填空 A 根据句意用方框中的单词填空，注意使用适当形式。 pocket    worth    effort    donate    complete   voluntary teamwork success (1) Wang Hong can’t do the work because he hurt his left leg. (2) The exam was different from what I expected. (3) Many people offered blood for the badly burnt worker. (4) He took a pen from his jacket and began writing. (5) She made a great to finish the project on time. (6) Through good , we can finish difficult volunteer tasks better. (7) This museum is a visit, because it has many AI robots in it. (8) Failure is the mother of . B 根据句意用方框中的短语填空，每个只能用一次。 most of all, ever since, hand out, in need, familiar with (1) Could you please these flyers to the audience after the show? (2) The money will be used to help families . (3) Are you the rules of this game? (4) , we should remember to be kind to everyone. (5) he joined the volunteer team, he has been very active. C  on the go，hand out，familiar with，be willing to，sign up (1) The teacher will our exercise books before class starts. (2) I’m very this market and have many customers. (3) My kids keep me from morning to bedtime. (4) —The math problem is really difficult. —Don’t worry. I explain it to you. (5) Over fifty people have for the competition. 5. 翻译句子 (1)一本书到达它的读者面前需要花费很大的努力。 (2)当哈里看到自己帮助过的人脸上的笑容时，他意识到自己的工作有重要作用。 (3)作为志愿者工作已经教给我许多实用的救生技能。 (4)我们应该总是帮助那些生活困难的人。 (5)他丢了书，从那时起就一直在找。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Make a Difference 核心知识点精讲 3 (Section B) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section B部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有“知识过关练习”，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section B部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. thank sb. for... 因…… 感谢某人 2. invite sb. to do... 邀请某人做某事 3. get a bad head injury 头部受重伤 4. call an emergency number 拨打紧急电话 5. *sign up 报名 6. *ever since 自从；自…以后 7. stay safe 注意安全；保持平安 8. prepare for 为…… 做准备 9. provide medical aid 提供医疗救助 10. search for 搜寻；查找 11. missing people 失踪人员 12. natural disaster 自然灾害 13. as far away as... 远至…… 14. practical life-saving skills 实用的救生技能 15. the key to... …… 的关键 16. *most of all 最主要的是 17. primary goal 首要目标 18. an ordinary person 普通人 19. rush into 冲进；闯入 20. make a difference 有影响；起作用 21. get to know 了解；认识 22. be willing to... 愿意做…… 23. put one’s life in danger 置某人于危险之中 24. full of energy 精力充沛 25. *on the go 忙个不停；四处奔走 26. belong to 属于 27. *in need 需要帮助的；生活困难的 28. look for 寻找 29. improve the reading skills 提升阅读能力 30. have a clear goal 有明确的目标 31. stick to 坚持；固守 32. have a medical examination 体检 33. nursing home 养老院；疗养院 34. help the elderly 帮助老人 35. *pocket money 零花钱 36. be worth the effort 付出的努力值得 37. clean up 打扫；清理 38. help out 帮忙；协助 39. *hand out 分发；派发 40. carry out 执行；实施 41. *familiar with 熟悉…… 42. good at 擅长…… 43. drop us an email 给我们发一封邮件 2、 重点词汇解析 1. missing /ˈmɪsɪŋ/ adj. 失踪的；丢失的 [词汇拓展] miss(v.)发觉丢失；思念；错过 [词汇搭配] search for missing people搜寻失踪人员 [词汇例句] My gloves have been missing for ages. 我的手套已经丢了很久了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The ________ boy was last seen near the river. His mother ________ him very much. A．missing; missed B．missed; missed C．missing; missing D．miss; missed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：失踪的男孩最后一次被人看见是在河边。他妈妈非常想念他。 考查词性辨析。missing失踪的；missed想念，动词过去式。第一空填写形容词作定语修饰boy，第二空填写动词过去式作谓语，故选A。 (2) —Judy, you misspelled the word “successfully” as “successfuly”. —Oh, I’ll write the ________ letter “l” right away. A．unusual B．missing C．personal D．whole 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Judy，你把单词“successfully”错拼成了“successfuly”。——哦，我马上补上漏掉的字母“l”。 考查形容词辨析。unusual不寻常的；missing遗漏的；personal个人的；whole完整的。根据前文“misspelled...as ‘successfuly’”可知，原词少了一个字母“l”，因此需要补上“遗漏的”字母。故选B。 2. practical /ˈpræktɪkl/ adj. 实用的；实际的 [词汇拓展] practice(n.)练习；实践；practically(adv.)实际地；差不多，几乎 [词汇搭配] practical life-saving skills实用的救生技能；practical problems实际问题 [词汇例句] From a practical point of view, it isn't a good place to live.实际一点看，这里不是理想的住处。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Teenagers should learn some ________ skills, like cooking and first aid, to live independently. A．practical B．local C．medical D．natural 【答案】A 【详解】句意：青少年应该学习一些实用技能，如烹饪和急救，以便独立生活。 practical实用的；local当地的；medical医疗的；natural自然的。根据“like cooking and first aid, to live independently”可知，学习烹饪和急救是为了独立生活，属于实用技能，practical符合语境，是形容词，在句中修饰名词skills，作定语。 3. successful /səkˈsesfl/ adj. 成功的；有成就的 success /səkˈses/ n. 成功 [词汇拓展] succeed(v.)成功；successfully(adv.)成功地 [词汇搭配] successful rescues 成功的救援；the key to success成功的关键 [词汇例句] [随学随练] 用success的适当形式填空 (1) We all wish you to become a ________ scientist in the future. 【答案】successful 【详解】句意：我们都希望你将来成为一名成功的科学家。scientist“科学家”，是名词，此处需用形容词修饰名词。success“成功”，名词，形容词形式为successful。故填successful。 (2) He ________ completed the difficult task and everyone praised him. 【答案】successfully 【详解】句意：他成功地完成了这项艰巨的任务，每个人都表扬了他。根据“completed”为实义动词提示，需填副词修饰动词。“successful”为形容词，其副词形式successfully“成功地”符合句意。 (3) If you get enough exercise, you can ________in keeping fit. 【答案】succeed 【详解】句意：如果你得到足够的锻炼，你就能成功地保持健康。情态动词can后接动词原形，success的动词形式为succeed。 (4) To achieve ________ , you need to have a clear goal. 【答案】success 【详解】句意：为了获得成功，你需要有一个清晰的目标。To achieve后需接名词，作achieve的宾语，因此需用提示词successful的名词形式为success，此处为不可数名词，符合题意。 4. value /ˈvæljuː/ n. 重要作用；价值 v.重视，珍视 [词汇拓展] values(pl.)价值观；valuable(adj.)宝贵的；valueless (adj.) 无价值的；无用的 invaluable(adj.)极宝贵的 [词汇搭配] the value of every life每个生命的价值；value our friendship珍惜我们的友谊 [词汇例句] The story has very little news value. 这件事没有什么新闻价值。 [随学随练] 用value的适当形式填空 (1) I regret(后悔) taking his suggestions. They’re valueless. (2) Studying in a university is an invaluable experience. (3) The book provides valuable information on recent trends(趋势). (4) The winner will receive a prize to the value of £1 000. (5) I really value him as a friend. 5. voluntary /ˈvɒləntri/ adj. 自愿的；无偿的 [词汇拓展] volunteer(n.)志愿者；(v.)自愿做；voluntarily(adv.)自愿地；义务地 [词汇搭配] a voluntary agreement自愿协议；do some voluntary work 从事一些义务性工作 [词汇例句] In her spare time she does voluntary work. 她在业余时间做义工。 6. worth /wɜːθ/ adj. 值得；有价值 [词汇拓展] worthy(adj.)值得...的，应该获得...的；值得尊敬的; worthless(adj.)没用的，无价值的 [词汇搭配] worth it值得的；be worth doing...值得被做；worth one’s while对…有好处（或用处）；值得 [词汇例句] Our house is worth about £100 000. 我们的房子大约值10万英镑。 The museum is certainly worth a visit. 这家博物馆的确值得参观。 [随学随练] 用worth相关表达翻译句子或补全句子 (1) 你来参加会议对你会大有好处。 It will be worth your while to come to the meeting. (2) 这幅画值多少钱？ How much is this painting worth? (3) 这个想法很值得考虑。 This idea is well worth considering. (4) 这工作又累人又枯燥，但是值得。 The job is tiring and boring, but it's worth it . 7. willing /ˈwɪlɪŋ/ adj. 乐意的；愿意的 [词汇拓展] will(n.)意愿；意志；unwilling(adj.)不愿意的；willingness(n.)意愿 strong-willed(adj.)意志力坚强的 [词汇搭配] be willing to do...乐意做某事，愿意做某事 [词汇例句] I'm perfectly willing to discuss the problem.我十分乐意讨论这个问题。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Sally is not ________ to depend on others too much. She always tries to do things on her own first. A．excited B．lively C．willing D．wise 【答案】C 【详解】句意：莎莉不愿意过多依赖他人。她总是试图先独立完成事情。 考查形容词辨析。excited兴奋的；lively活泼的；willing愿意的；wise明智的。根据“She always tries to do things on her own first.”可知，试图先独立完成事情意味着不愿意过多依赖他人，be not willing to“不愿意”符合。故选C。 8. completely adv. 完全地；彻底地 [词汇拓展] complete(adj.)完全的，彻底的；(v.)完成；incompletely(adv.)不完全地 [词汇搭配] completely voluntary完全自愿的；completely different截然不同 [词汇例句] I've completely forgotten her name.我完全把她的名字给忘了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 — Have you tried the new AI homework helper DeepSeek? — Yes. It can ________ understand my questions and give clear answers, which really surprises me. A．hardly B．completely C．closely D．simply 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你试过新的AI作业助手DeepSeek 吗？——是的。它能完全理解我的问题并给出清晰的答案，这真的让我很惊讶。 hardly几乎不；completely完全地；closely紧密地；simply简单地。根据“give clear answers, which really surprises me”可知，说话人对AI的表现感到惊讶且满意，说明它能透彻地理解问题，故填completely。 9. elder /ˈeldə(r)/ adj. (尤指家庭中两个成员) 年龄较长的 [词汇拓展] old(adj.)年老的；旧的；older(adj.)年纪更大的；更旧的 [词汇搭配] elder sister姐姐；elder brother哥哥 [词汇用法] · elder只表示“年龄较长的”，用与名词前，不说elder than。 My elder brother always volunteers at a nursing home. 我哥哥经常在养老院作志愿者。 · older既表示“年龄更大的”，也表示物体等“更旧的”。 He is two years older than me, 他比我大两岁。 10. donate /dəʊˈneɪt/ v. 捐赠；赠送 [词汇拓展] donation(n.)捐赠；捐赠物；give away捐赠，赠送 [词汇搭配] donate pocket money捐赠零花钱 [词汇例句] He donated thousands of pounds to charity. 他向慈善事业捐款数千英镑。 [随学随练] 单项填空 It is ________ of the people to ________ money to the poor people! A．important; donating B．generous; raising C．meaningful; raise D．helpful; donate 【答案】D 【详解】句意：人们向穷人捐钱是有帮助的！ important重要的；donating捐赠，动名词或动词的现在分词；generous慷慨的；raising筹款，动名词或动词的现在分词；meaningful有意义的；raise筹钱，动词原形；helpful有帮助的；donate捐赠，动词原形。句子固定句型“It is+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.”中，介词of后的形容词通常用来形容人的品格，important和meaningful通常形容事物性质，常与for连用，故排除A、C两项；第二空，to后接动词原形构成不定式，donating和raising为-ing形式，故排除B项。 11. effort /ˈefət/ n. 努力；艰难的尝试 [词汇拓展] effortless(adj.)不需费力的；容易的 [词汇搭配] be worth the effort值得努力；put a lot of effort into...投入很多努力 make an effort to do...努力做某事；spare no effort to do 不遗余力做某事 [词汇例句] It's a long climb to the top, but well worth the effort.爬到顶上路程很长，虽然费力却很值得。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The Chinese mountaineering team made every ________ through the difficulties. Hours later, they reached the top. A．speech B．interview C．effort D．point 【答案】C 【详解】句意：中国登山队尽一切努力克服了困难。几小时后，他们到达了顶峰。 speech演讲；interview采访；effort努力；point观点。根据“through the difficulties”和“reached the top”可知，登山队需要付出努力才能到达顶峰，且make every effort为固定搭配，意为“尽一切努力”。故选C。 12. talent /ˈtælənt/ n. 才能；天赋；天才 [词汇拓展] talented(adj.)有天赋的；gift(n.)礼物，天赋 [词汇搭配] have a talent for...在...方面有天赋；a man of many talents多才多艺的男子 a great talent了不起的天才 [词汇例句] He showed a strong talent for math and science from an early age.他从小就展现出在数学和科学 方面的过人天赋。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What do you think of the speech contest last week, Kathy? —Well, it was a great success and it gave students a chance to show their ________. A．talent B．energy C．praise D．purpose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——凯西，你觉得上周的演讲比赛怎么样？——嗯，它非常成功，并且给了学生们一个机会来展示他们的才能。 考查名词辨析。talent才能；energy精力；praise赞扬；purpose目的。根据“演讲比赛”的语境，学生需要展示的是个人能力或天赋。故选A。 13. advertisement /ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt; ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt/ (= ad /æd/) n. 广告；启事 [词汇拓展] advertise(v.)（为…）做广告；登广告；advertising(n.)广告活动；广告业；做广告 [词汇搭配] put/place an advertisement登广告 [词汇例句] Put an advertisement in the paper to sell your car. 在报纸登一则广告来出售你的汽车。 [随学随练] 单项填空 I saw an ________ in the city library about a free English corner every Saturday. A．action B．advertisement C．agreement D．activity 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我在市图书馆看到一则关于每周六免费英语角的广告。 action行动；advertisement广告；agreement协议；activity活动。根据“in the city library about a free English corner”可知，在图书馆看到的关于活动信息的通常是广告或通知。advertisement符合。 3、 重难句型解析 1. 过去进行时句型 (教材原句)Back in 2008, I was hiking in the mountains with some friends when one of them fell and got a bad head injury. 过去进行时表示过去某个时刻或时间段正在进行的动作。其谓语结构为：was/were+doing。 when引导一个时间状语从句。when引导的从句表示过去时间时，主句常用过去进行时。 如：What was your brother doing when I called you? 我给你打电话时你弟弟在做什么？ [随学随练] 翻译句子 昨天我看到福星时，他正在帮助一位老人过马路。 When I saw Fu Xing yesterday, he was helping an old man cross the road. 2. 宾语从句 (教材原句)It was already dark, and we couldn’t even see where we were. (教材原句)The speaker shares what he has learnt from his volunteer experience. (教材原句)The speaker tells a story about how he got to know Blue Sky Rescue. (教材原句)His work shows us that anyone can make a difference. 宾语从句的常见引导词有that，where，what，how等，此外还有whether，if。其区别主要如下： that引导宾语从句时，没有含义，也不充当成分，一般可以省略。 whether/if表示“是否”，不充当成分。 what,who等疑问代词在宾语从句中充当主干成分。where，when，how等疑问副词在宾语从句中不充当主干成分，一般充当状语成分。 如：I realized that he lied to me.我意识到他对我撒了谎。 We wonder whether Lucy will accept out invitation.我们想知道露西是否会接受我们的邀请。 Nobody knows what he wrote on the paper.没人知道他在纸上写了什么。 Mr. Brown has known why David was late this morning. 布朗先生已经知道大卫今早迟到的原因了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —Do you know ________ it’s important to protect these ancient trees? —I think they carry historical and cultural information. A．why B．when C．where D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道为什么保护古树很重要吗？——我认为它们承载着历史和文化的信息。 why为什么（询问原因），when什么时候（询问时间），where哪里（询问地点），how怎样（询问方式）。此处需要选择宾语从句的引导词，因答句解释的是保护这些古树很重要的原因，应填why。 (2) —We want to know ________ he could finish the difficult task on time. —He said teamwork helped him a lot. A．how B．whether C．where D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们想知道他是如何按时完成这项艰巨任务的。——他说团队合作帮了他大忙。 how如何；whether是否；where哪里；when何时。根据答语“He said teamwork helped him a lot”可知，回答的是完成任务的方式，所以问句询问的是“如何”完成的，应该用how引导。 (3) There are ups and downs in life, and we should think about ________ we learn from them. A．why B．what C．which D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：生活中有起有落，我们应该思考我们从中学到了什么。 why为什么；what什么；which哪一个；where哪里。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句作介词about的宾语，从句中动词learn缺少宾语，表示“学到的内容”，所以应该用what来引导。 3. so...that...结果状语从句 (教材原句)We were so thankful that they found us. so...that...表示“如此...以至于...”，so后接形容词或副词，that后接一个结果状语从句。 such...that...也表示“如此...以至于...”，such后接名词或名词短语。 如：He talked so loudly that everyone could hear him.他说话声音太大，所有人都能听见。 It’s such useful information that we can’t wait to share it with other teams.这信息十分有用，我们迫不及 待想分享给其他团队。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 我们玩得太开心了，以至于没注意到时间。 We were so happy that we didn’t notice the time. (2) 扬州很美，以至于越来越多的人爱上了这座城市。 Yangzhou is so beautiful that more and more people fall in love with this city. 4. 被动语态句型 (教材原句)It’s voluntary, so we aren’t paid. aren’t paid是被动语态的否定式。被动语态肯定式由“be动词+动词的过去分词”构成，表示“被...”。 如：Today, many learning apps are used by students to help with their study.如今，许多学习应用程序被学 生用来帮助他们的学习。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What a nice classroom! —Yes. It ________ every day. A．is cleaning B．is cleaned C．has cleaned D．must clean 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——多漂亮的教室啊！——是的，它每天都被打扫。 is cleaning正在打扫，现在进行时；is cleaned被打扫，一般现在时的被动语态；has cleaned已经打扫了，现在完成时；must clean必须打扫，情态动词+动词原形。主语It指代classroom，是动作clean的承受者，需用被动语态；时间状语every day提示用一般现在时，结构为am/is/are+done。应填is cleaned。 5. 定语从句 (教材原句)To the people we’ve saved and their loved ones, ... (教材原句)And that makes everything we do worth it. 第一句中的we’ve saved和第二句中we do都是定语从句，且都省略了关系词。第一句全句应为that/who/whom we’ve saved(修饰前面的the people)；第二句全句应为that we do(修饰前面的everything)。关系代词that,which,who等在定语从句中充当宾语成分时可以省略。 如：The kind girl (that/who/whom) we met yesterday often helps homeless animals find homes.我们昨天遇到 的那位善良女孩经常帮助流浪动物找到家。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The volunteers ________ risked their lives to save people during the fire are true heroes. A．that B．whom C．which D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在火灾中冒着生命危险救人的志愿者们是真正的英雄。 这是一个定语从句，先行词是the volunteers，表示人，关系词在从句中作主语。that可指代人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语，因此选that。 (2) —What kind of after-school activities do you like? —I like those activities ________ are about English. A．who B．which C．where D．why 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么样的课外活动？——我喜欢那些关于英语的活动。 考查定语从句关系代词辨析。who指人；which指物；where指地点；why指原因。先行词“activities”是物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应使用which指代。故选B。 6. SVOC句型 (教材原句)And that makes everything we do worth it. 此句中makes是谓语动词，everything we do是makes后的宾语，worth it充当宾语补足语。整个句子是“主+谓+宾+宾语补足语”句型，即SVOC句型。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 她的肢体语言使人们觉得受欢迎，所以他们向她寻求帮助。 Her body language makes people feel welcome, so they ask her for help. (2) 清洁工每天很早就清空垃圾桶，使我们的社区干净整洁。 The cleaner empties the bins early every day and makes our community clean and tidy. 4、 其他知识解析 1. some time用法 (教材原句)After some time, we heard dogs barking and the voices of the Blue Sky Rescue team. some time意为“一段时间”，指一定的期限，表示相当长的一段时间。 sometime意为“在某一个时候；昔时”，可以指将来，也可以表示过去的不确定的时间。 sometime还可以用作形容词，放在名词前作定语，意为“(某人曾经是…)从前的，一度的”。 sometimes表示“有时候”，是频度副词。 some times表示“几次，几倍”。 如：He was a sometime teacher. 他曾经是个老师。 He sometimes goes to school on foot. 他有时走路上学。 [随学随练] 单项填空 I have spent ________ on this job. I think I can finish it ________ this afternoon. A．sometime; sometime B．sometimes; sometime C．some time; sometime D．some times; some time 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我在这项工作上已经花费了一些时间。我想我今天下午某个时候能完成它。 sometime某时；sometimes有时；some time一段时间；some times几次。第一空根据“spent…on this job”可知花费的是时间长度，应用“some time”；第二空根据“this afternoon”可知是指下午的某个不确定时间点，应用“sometime”。 2. 感官动词后接非谓语动词 (教材原句)After some time, we heard dogs barking and the voices of the Blue Sky Rescue team. 在watch,see,hear,notice,feel等感官动词后，若强调动作全过程或经常性动作，跟不带to的不定式；若强调动作正在进行，跟doing结构。 如：I often hear her sing in the room. 我经常听到她在房间唱歌。(强调动作全过程或经常性动作) I saw him crossing the street. 我看见他正在过马路。(强调动作正在进行) [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) I noticed many boys ________ outside on every No-homework Day—Wednesday. A．play basketball B．to play basketball C．playing basketball D．plays basketball 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我注意到许多男孩在每个无作业日——星期三都在外面打篮球。 notice后接宾语补足语时，常用动词原形或现在分词，notice sb. do sth.强调经常性动作或全过程，notice sb. doing sth.强调动作正在进行。根据时间状语“every No-homework Day”可知是经常性、习惯性动作，应用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语，即动词原形。 (2) —Do you often hear birds ________ around your house? —Yes. When I walked past the trees just now, I heard some of them ________. A．to sing; singing B．sing; singing C．singing; to sing D．sing; to sing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你经常听到鸟儿在你家周围唱歌吗？——是的。刚才我路过树丛时，听到一些鸟儿在唱歌。 hear sb. do sth. 表示“听见某人做某事”（强调整个过程或经常性动作）；hear sb. doing sth. 表示“听见某人正在做某事”（强调动作正在进行）。第一空为经常性动作，用hear birds sing；第二空为刚才路过时正在进行的动作，用heard them singing。 3. 动词-ing作主语 (教材原句)Most of all, being a volunteer has taught me the value of every life. 此句中being a volunteer作主语。单个的动词-ing形式作主语时，其后谓语动词用单数形式。 如：Volunteering is a good way to help children develop kindness. 做志愿活动是培养孩子们善心的好方式。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 毫无疑问，坚持做运动让我们变得强壮。 There is no doubt that keeping doing sports makes us become strong. (2) 养成良好的阅读习惯能给我们打开一个全新的世界。 Forming/ Developing /Falling into a good habit of reading can open up a whole new world to us. 4. as...as结构用法 (教材原句)In 2023, we even helped in places as far away as Türkiye! (教材原句)But our primary goal has always been to save as many people as we can. as...as表示“和...一样”。“as far as+地点”可译为“远至某地”。as ... as sb. can可译为“尽某人所能（做某事）”。 如：The game begins and everyone starts to climb as fast as they can. 比赛开始了，所有人都开始全力快速 攀爬。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) 心理健康和身体健康一样重要。 Mental health is as important as physical health. (2) 他尽可能快地跑去赶公交车，所以上车时他气喘吁吁。 He ran as fast as he could to catch the bus, so he was out of breath when he got on it. 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据据提示填写正确形式的单词或按照中文句子补全句子，每空一词。 (1) Volunteers need to be ________ (愿意的) to work in difficult conditions. 【答案】willing 【详解】句意：志愿者需要愿意在艰苦的条件下工作。根据中文提示可知，“愿意的”对应的英文是willing，是形容词，此处作表语。 (2) The police are looking for a ________ (失踪的) child who was last seen near the park. 【答案】missing 【详解】句意：警方正在搜寻一名失踪儿童，这名儿童最后一次被人看到是在公园附近。失踪的：missing，形容词作定语修饰child。故填missing。 (3) We should learn some p________ (实用的；实际的) skills like first aid to protect ourselves. 【答案】practical/ractical 【详解】句意：我们应该学习一些像急救这样的实用技能来保护自己。根据汉语提示可知，应填入单词“practical”，此处用于修饰名词“skills”，作定语，用形容词形式。故填practical。 (4) China’s new course plans have c________ (完全地) improved teenagers’ physical health. 【答案】completely/ompletely 【详解】句意：中国的新课程计划已经完全改善了青少年的身体健康状况。“完全地”对应的英文单词是completely，它是副词，在句中修饰动词improved，符合语境；结合首字母提示c，此处填completely。 (5) They decided to ________ (捐赠) all the money raised from the charity concert to the children’s hospital. 【答案】donate 【详解】句意：他们决定将慈善音乐会所筹集的所有资金捐赠给儿童医院。捐赠的英语为donate，to后接动词原形。 (6) It takes a lot of ________ (努力) to learn English well. 【答案】effort 【详解】句意：学好英语需要付出很多努力。根据中文提示“努力”，对应的英文单词是effort。空前a lot of后面接名词，effort在这里作为不可数名词使用，表示抽象的“精力、努力”。故填effort。 (7) The school will hold a show to let students show their ________ (才能). 【答案】talents 【详解】句意：这所学校将举办一场演出让学生们展示他们的才能。根据汉语提示可知，talent“才能”，可数名词，their后接可数名词复数。故填talents。 (8) There are more ________ (广告) on TV now. I don’t like watching TV. 【答案】advertisements 【详解】句意：现在电视上的广告更多了。我不喜欢看电视。advertisement“广告”，由“more”可知，空处用名词复数形式。故填advertisements。 (9) The t________ (团队合作) of the climbers led them to the top of the mountain. 【答案】teamwork/eamwork 【详解】句意：登山者们的团队合作带领他们到达了山顶。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，teamwork“团队合作”，不可数名词。 (10) As the host city, Suzhou will manage to make the 2026 ISF Football World Cup a great ________ (成功). 【答案】success 【详解】句意：作为主办城市，苏州将会努力使2026年国际中体联足球世界杯取得圆满成功。空处在句中作宾语，应填名词形式success“成功”。故填success。 (11) He greeted the ________ (女士) with a smile and said, “Good morning!” 【答案】lady 【详解】句意：他微笑着向这位女士打招呼并说道：“早上好！”。句中“greeted”和“said”为过去式，表明动作发生在过去，此空需填名词作“greeted”的宾语，“lady”意为“女士”，是名词，符合语境。 (12) Excuse me, ________ (夫人；女士), could you tell me where the nearest post office is? 【答案】Madam 【详解】句意：劳驾，女士，您能告诉我最近的邮局在哪里吗？根据中文提示“夫人；女士”，其对应的英文礼貌称呼词为“Madam”，常用于对不知姓名或不特定女性的尊称。此处位于呼语位置，首字母需大写，在句中作独立呼语。故填Madam。 (13) There are many differences between children and a________ (成年人). 【答案】adults/dults 【详解】句意：孩子和成年人之间有很多差异。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，“成年人”英文为“adult”，句中children为复数形式，且and连接并列成分，因此此处应用adult的复数形式adults。故填adults。 (14) The traditional Chinese folk music has a lasting ________ (价值). 【答案】value 【详解】句意：中国传统民间音乐具有持久的价值。根据中文提示，value“价值”符合题意，此处作宾语。故填value。 (15) The book is well w________ (值得) reading. You can learn a lot from it. 【答案】worth/orth 【详解】句意：这本书很值得一读，你能从中学到很多东西。根据括号内“值得”的中文提示及首字母w，be worth doing意为“值得做某事”符合此处语境，句中well修饰worth，加强语气，表示“很值得”；reading为动名词，符合该短语的用法要求，后半句“能学到很多”也呼应了“值得读”的语境。故填worth。 (16) I want to ________ ________ (报名) for the club to help others. 【答案】 sign up 【详解】句意：我想报名参加这个俱乐部，以帮助他人。根据所给汉语提示可知，表示“报名”的短语是sign up。分析句式结构，空格位于固定搭配want to之后，需接动词原形构成不定式作宾语。 (17) I prefer snacks that are easy to eat ________ ________ ________ (在忙碌中), like fruit or granola bars. 【答案】 on the go 【详解】句意：我更喜欢方便在忙碌中吃的零食，比如水果或格兰诺拉燕麦棒。on the go表示“在忙碌中”。 (18) Would you like to give me some ideas about helping children ________ ________ (有需要的)？ 【答案】in need 【详解】句意：你愿意给我一些关于帮助有需要的孩子的想法吗？根据中文提示，此处使用介词短语“in need”，意思是“在困难中；有需要的”，在句中作后置定语，修饰前面的名词“children”。故填in need。 (19) He saved his ________ ________ (零花钱) to buy a new book. 【答案】 pocket money 【详解】句意：他存下零花钱来买一本新书。根据中文提示“零花钱”可知，对应的英文表达是“pocket money”，为固定短语。 (20) Can you help me ________ ________ (分发)these textbooks to your classmates? 【答案】hand out/give out 【详解】句意：你能帮我把这些教科书发给你的同学吗？“分发”对应的英文为hand out/give out。help sb do sth.“帮助某人做某事”。故填hand out/give out。 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) In daily life, ________ (gentleman) always follow the rule “lady first”. 【答案】gentlemen 【详解】句意：在日常生活中，绅士们总是遵循“女士优先”的原则。根据“follow”可知，主语应为复数形式；gentleman的复数形式是gentlemen，故填gentlemen。 (2) The search team is still looking for the ________ (miss) hiker in the mountain. 【答案】missing 【详解】句意：搜救队仍在山里寻找失踪的徒步旅行者。此处修饰名词hiker，需用形容词形式，miss的形容词是missing，故填missing。 (3) Chinese fans are both ________ (practice) tools and beautiful works of art. 【答案】practical 【详解】句意：中国扇子既是实用的工具，又是精美的艺术品。空处修饰名词tools，用形容词practical“实用的”，作定语。 (4) Our ________ plan made the project ________, and we celebrated this great ________ with the villagers. (success)​ 【答案】 successful successful success 【详解】句意：我们的成功计划让这个项目取得了成功，我们和村民们一起庆祝了这次巨大的成功。名词plan“计划”前需要形容词作定语，success的形容词为successful“成功的”；make+宾语+形容词“使某物/某事处于某种状态”，此处宾语是the project，需用形容词作宾语补足语；形容词great后接名词，且指示代词this后接可数名词单数，success可作可数名词，表示“一次成功的事/一个成功的人”。 (5) The traditional art pieces in the museum are __________ treasures in Chinese culture. (value) 【答案】valuable 【详解】句意：博物馆里的传统艺术品是中国文化中的珍贵财富。此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词“treasures”，表示“珍贵的”。“value”是名词或动词，意为“价值”或“重视”，其形容词形式为“valuable”，意为“有价值的，珍贵的”。 (6) Many students volunteer ________ (do) small acts of kindness. These ________ (volunteer) often visit the elderly. They find ________ (volunteer) work meaningful. 【答案】 to do volunteers voluntary 【详解】句意：许多学生自愿做一些小小的善举。这些志愿者经常看望老人。他们发现志愿工作很有意义。第一个空，“volunteer to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“自愿做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式形式，故填to do。第二个空，根据“These”可知，此处应用名词复数形式，volunteer的复数形式为volunteers，故填volunteers。第三个空，根据“work”可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，volunteer的形容词形式为voluntary，意为“自愿的”，故填voluntary。 (7) The film Ne Zha is well worth ________ (watch), as it tells a touching story about family and friendship. 【答案】watching 【详解】句意：电影《哪吒》很值得观看，因为它讲述了一个关于亲情和友情的感人故事。be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，动词短语，此处应填watching。 (8) All the volunteers are willing ________ (work) long hours to help the old people. 【答案】to work 【详解】句意：所有的志愿者都愿意长时间工作来帮助老人。work是动词，常见释义为“工作，劳动”。固定搭配be willing to do sth.，表示“愿意做某事”，因此空格处需要填动词不定式形式。 (9) Of course, a colour walk cannot ________ (complete) take all your worries away. 【答案】completely 【详解】句意：当然，色彩漫步无法完全驱散所有烦恼。此处修饰动词take，要用副词形式，complete的副词为completely，故填completely。 (10) Tom and Tim are twins. Tom is Tim’s ________ brother. (old) 【答案】elder 【详解】句意：Tom和Tim是双胞胎。Tom是Tim的哥哥。形容词old的比较级elder用于表示兄弟姐妹间的长幼关系，特指“年长的”，故填elder。 (11) The school received a large ________ (donate) of books from a local charity. 【答案】donation 【详解】句意：学校从当地一家慈善机构收到了一大批捐赠的书籍。形容词“large”后需接名词作宾语。“donate”为动词，其名词形式“donation”表示“捐赠物，捐款”，为可数名词，“a large donation of...”为固定短语，意为“一大批……的捐赠”。 (12) Everybody should make an effort ________ (protect) the environment. 【答案】to protect 【详解】句意：每个人都应该努力保护环境。make an effort to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“努力做某事”。 不定式to protect作目的状语。 (13) Mark is not as ________ (talent) as his brother in painting. 【答案】talented 【详解】句意：马克在绘画方面不如他的兄弟有天赋。not as...as之间应用形容词原级，此处是作is的表语，需要用形容词talented。故填talented。 (14) My little sister has a talent ________ dancing. She can learn new dance moves very quickly. 【答案】for 【详解】句意：我的小妹妹有跳舞的天赋。她能很快学会新的舞蹈动作。根据“My little sister has a talent...dancing.”可知，应填介词for，表示有跳舞的天赋。have a talent for“有……的天赋”。故填for。 (15) I ________ (discuss) the activity plan with my teammates when our teacher walked into the classroom. 【答案】was discussing 【详解】句意：当老师走进教室时，我正在和队友们讨论活动计划。提到“when our teacher walked into the classroom”，此处表示过去某个时刻正在发生的动作，需用过去进行时（was/were doing）；主语“I”是第一人称单数，be动词用was。故填was discussing。 (16) I first met Ann in 2008 and we _________ (be) friends ever since. 【答案】have been 【详解】句意：我第一次见到安是在2008年，从那以后我们一直是朋友。空格处所给参考单词为be。根据句中ever since提示，句子应用现在完成时，即“have been”结构，故答案为have been。 3. 单项填空 (1) Xu Mengtao often ________ in many competitions (比赛) because of her hard work. Her ________ makes us keep trying. A．success; success B．succeed; successful C．success; succeeds D．succeeds; success 【答案】D 【详解】句意：因为她的努力，徐梦桃经常在许多比赛中取得成功。她的成功让我们不断努力。 succeed为动词，success为名词，successful为形容词。第一空作谓语，主语Xu Mengtao是第三人称单数，且often表示一般现在时，故用succeeds；第二空位于形容词性物主代词Her之后，作主语，需用名词success。故选D。 (2) This app gives ________ tips on how to save electricity at home, like turning off lights when leaving a room. A．strange B．common C．practical D．missing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这款应用提供了关于居家节电的实用小窍门，比如离开房间时关灯。 strange奇怪的；common普通的；practical实用的；missing丢失的。根据“like turning off lights when leaving a room.”可知，离开房间关灯是实用性的省电技巧。应填practical。 (3) The Chinese saying “A tree can’t make a forest” tells us ________ is very important. A．promise B．decision C．teamwork D．experience 【答案】C 【详解】句意：中国谚语“独木难成林”告诉我们团队合作是非常重要的。 promise承诺；decision决策；teamwork团队合作；experience经验。根据“A tree can’t make a forest.”意为“独木难成林”，可知是强调团队合作的重要性。 (4) __________ my teacher helped me out of trouble, I have tried my best to help my classmates in return. A．As if B．Ever since C．Even though D．As soon as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从我的老师帮我摆脱困境后，我就尽力帮助同学们作为回报。 As if好像；Ever since自从；Even though尽管；As soon as一……就……。 根据主句“have tried（现在完成时）”的时态可知，此处需要能引导现在完成时的时间连词，“Ever since”符合这一用法。   (5) We should reach out to those ________ around us, such as the poor and the lonely elderly. A．in detail B．in need C．in surprise D．in person 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们应该主动帮助身边有困难的人，比如穷人和孤寡老人。 考查介词短语。in detail详细地；in need在困境中、需要帮助；in surprise惊讶地；in person亲自。结合语境，此处指代弱势群体，故选B。 (6) At first, I swam just to take my mind off things. But soon, I fell ________ in love with the sport. A．completely B．clearly C．recently D．brightly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：起初，我游泳只是为了转移注意力。但很快，我就完全爱上了这项运动。 completely完全地；clearly清晰地；recently最近；brightly明亮地。根据“At first, I swam just to take my mind off things. But soon...”可知，起初游泳是为了转移注意力，但是很快“完全”爱上了这项运动，此处应填completely。 (7) In order to better protect giant pandas, we need to help ________ the giant pandas to go back to the wild. A．count B．donate C．train D．invite 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了更好地保护大熊猫，我们需要帮助训练大熊猫回到野外。 考查动词辨析。count数数；donate捐献；train训练；invite邀请。根据“help…the giant pandas to go back to the wild.”可知，此处指帮助“训练”大熊猫回到野外。故选C。 (8) All of us are preparing for the final exams.We should ________ every minute to review the lessons. A．waste B．kill C．value D．pass 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们都在准备期末考试。我们应该珍惜每一分钟来复习功课。 waste浪费；kill消磨；value珍惜；pass度过/通过。根据“preparing for the final exams”可知，应珍惜时间复习，应填value。 (9) I ________ scared of snakes ever since a snake hurt me when I was five years old. A．will be B．was C．have been D．would be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从我5岁时一条蛇咬了我后，我一直害怕蛇。 考查句子时态。will be一般将来时；was一般过去时；have been现在完成时；would be过去将来时。ever since引导的时间状语通常表示动作或状态从过去开始，一直延续到当前时刻。因此，主句应使用现在完成时，结构为have/has + 过去分词；主语是I，所以动词用have been。故选C。 (10) It takes a man years of ________ to be a master of folk art. A．charm B．talent C．effort D．offer 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个人花费了多年的努力才成为民间艺术的大师。 charm魅力；talent天赋；effort努力；offer提供。根据句意可知，成为民间艺术大师需要长期的付出，effort 符合语境。 (11) The school library will ______ new novels to students during the reading festival. A．hand in B．hand out C．put in D．put out 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学校图书馆将在读书节期间向学生分发新小说。 考查动词短语辨析。hand in上交；hand out分发；put in安装；插入；put out扑灭；出版。根据“new novels to students”可知，是给学生分发小说，用hand out。故选B。 (12) —Hi, Sandy. How is your school art club? —Fantastic. We can choose the course according to our ________. I am good at operas, so I join Beijing Opera club. A．grades B．talents C．appearances D．introductions 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—— 嗨，Sandy。你的学校艺术俱乐部怎么样？——太棒了。我们可以根据自己的才能选择课程。我擅长戏剧，所以我加入了京剧俱乐部。 考查名词辨析。grades成绩；talents才能，天赋；appearances外貌；introductions介绍。根据“I am good at operas, so I join Beijing Opera club.”可知，此处指的是自己的天赋才能。故选B。 (13) —Wow, a new Huawei phone. What a big surprise! Thanks. But I don’t know how to use it. —It doesn’t matter. Just follow the ________. A．instructions B．messages C．advertisement D．information 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——哇，一部新的华为手机。真是个大惊喜！谢谢。但我不知道怎么使用它。——没关系。只需按照说明书操作就行。 考查名词辨析。instructions用法说明；messages信息；advertisement广告；information消息。根据“But I don’t know how to use it.”可知，需要按照“说明”操作，故选A。 (14) Changchun Movie Wonderland (长影世纪城) is a wonderful place which is worth ________. A．visit B．to visit C．visiting D．visited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：长影世纪城是一个值得参观的美妙地方。   固定搭配“be worth doing”意为“值得做”，主动形式表示被动意义，应填visiting。 (15) —I tried to make Cindy ________, but I didn’t make it. —Oh, I saw you ________ that when I came here. A．laugh; to do B．laugh; doing C．to laugh; to do D．laughing; doing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我试着逗Cindy笑，但没成功。——我来的时候看到你这么做了。 考查非谓语动词。结合“make Cindy…”可知，第一句考查“make sb. do sth.使某人做某事”，应用其动词原形与之搭配，作宾语补足语；又结合“see you…”及“when I came here”可知，此处表示看到他们时，他们正在做的事情，第二句考查“see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事”，应用其现在分词形式与之搭配，作宾语补足语。故选B。 (16) —Will Joe come to our new club this weekend? —I am not sure ________ he will come, but I believe ________ he will help us. A．if; whether B．that; whether C．whether; if D．whether; that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Joe这个周末会来我们的新俱乐部吗？——我不确定他是否会来，但我相信他会帮助我们的。 考查宾语从句引导词。if如果、是否；whether是否；that引导宾语从句时，无实义。第一空应表达“我不确定他是否要来”，用if/whether引导宾语从句； 第二句表达“但我相信他会帮助我们的”，陈述句用that引导，在句中不作任何成分。故选D。 4. 选择填空 A 根据句意用方框中的单词填空，注意使用适当形式。 pocket    worth    effort    donate    complete   voluntary teamwork success (1) Wang Hong can’t do the work because he hurt his left leg. (2) The exam was different from what I expected. (3) Many people offered blood for the badly burnt worker. (4) He took a pen from his jacket and began writing. (5) She made a great to finish the project on time. (6) Through good , we can finish difficult volunteer tasks better. (7) This museum is a visit, because it has many AI robots in it. (8) Failure is the mother of . 【答案】(1)voluntary (2)completely (3)to donate (4)pocket (5)effort (6)teamwork (7)worth (8)success 【详解】 (1)句意：王红因为左腿受伤，没法做志愿工作了。这里需要形容词修饰名词work，“voluntary work”意为“志愿工作”，故填voluntary。 (2)句意：这次考试和我预期的完全不同。根据“The exam was ... different from what I expected.”及备选词可知，此处指考试和想象中的不一样。修饰形容词different需用副词形式，complete意为“完全的”，形容词，其副词形式为completely，符合语境。故填completely。 (3)句意：很多人主动为严重烧伤的工人献血。根据“Many people offered ... blood for the badly burnt worker.”及备选词可知，此处指很多人主动献血。“offer to do sth”是固定搭配，意为“主动提出做某事”；donate意为“捐献”，动词，其不定式形式为to donate，符合语境。故填to donate。 (4)句意：他从夹克口袋里拿出一支笔开始写。根据“He took a pen from his jacket ... and began writing.”及备选词可知，此处指他从夹克口袋里拿出一支笔。pocket意为“口袋”，符合语境。故填pocket。 (5)句意：她为了按时完成项目付出了巨大努力。根据“She made a great ... to finish the project on time.”及备选词可知，此处指她努力完成了项目。“make a great effort to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“付出巨大努力去做某事”，effort意为“努力”，符合语境。故填effort。 (6)句意：通过良好的团队合作，我们可以更好地完成困难的志愿任务。“good”是形容词，后接名词，根据“finish difficult volunteer tasks better”可知，完成困难任务需要良好的“团队合作”，“teamwork”是不可数名词，意为“团队合作”，符合题意，故填“teamwork”。 (7)句意：这个博物馆值得一去，因为里面有很多人工智能机器人。根据“This museum is ... a visit, because it has many AI robots in it.”及备选词可知，此处指这个博物馆值得一去。“be worth a visit”是固定搭配，意为“值得一游”，worth意为“值得的”，符合语境。故填worth。 (8)句意：失败是成功之母。固定谚语，of为介词，后接success作宾语，其他名词无法使句子成立。 B 根据句意用方框中的短语填空，每个只能用一次。 most of all, ever since, hand out, in need, familiar with (1) Could you please these flyers to the audience after the show? (2) The money will be used to help families . (3) Are you the rules of this game? (4) , we should remember to be kind to everyone. (5) he joined the volunteer team, he has been very active. 【答案】(1)hand out (2)in need (3)familiar with (4)Most of all (5)Ever since 【解析】 (1)句意：演出结束后，请你把这些传单分发给观众好吗？根据“these flyers to the audience”可知，此处是说分发传单，备选词hand out“分发”符合语境，Could you please后接动词原形，故填hand out。 (2)句意：这笔钱将用于帮助有需要的家庭。根据“help families”可知，此处是说帮助有需要的家庭，备选词in need“有需要的”符合语境，固定短语。故填in need。 (3)句意：你熟悉这个游戏规则吗？根据“the rules of this game”可知，此处是说熟悉游戏规则，备选词familiar with“熟悉”符合语境，be familiar with是固定搭配。故填familiar with。 (4)句意：最重要的是，我们应该记住要善待每一个人。根据“we should remember to be kind to everyone.”可知，此处是说最重要的是，备选词most of all“最重要的是”符合语境，副词短语，故填Most of all。 (5)句意：自从他加入志愿者队伍以来，他一直很积极。根据“he joined the volunteer team”可知，此处是说自从加入志愿者队伍以来，备选词ever since“自从”符合语境，故填Ever since。 C  on the go，hand out，familiar with，be willing to，sign up (1) The teacher will our exercise books before class starts. (2) I’m very this market and have many customers. (3) My kids keep me from morning to bedtime. (4) —The math problem is really difficult. —Don’t worry. I explain it to you. (5) Over fifty people have for the competition. 【答案】(1)hand out (2)familiar with (3)on the go (4)am willing to (5)signed up 【解析】 (1)句意：老师会在上课前分发我们的练习册。根据“our exercise books before class starts”和备选词可知，此处指分发练习册，hand out表示“分发”，will后接动词原形。故填hand out。 (2)句意：我对这个市场非常熟悉，有很多顾客。根据“this market and have many customers”和备选词可知，此处指对市场熟悉，be familiar with 表示“对……熟悉”，为固定搭配。故填familiar with。 (3)句意：我的孩子们让我从早到晚忙个不停。根据“keep me ... from morning to bedtime”和备选词可知，此处指一直忙碌，on the go表示“忙个不停；四处奔走”，符合语境。故填on the go。 (4)句意：——这道数学题真的很难。——别担心。我愿意给你讲解这道题。根据语境及备选词可知，be willing to“愿意”符合语境。主语是I，be动词需用am。故填am willing to。 (5)句意：五十多个人已经报名参加了这场比赛。根据“have ... for the competition”及备选词可知， sign up“报名”，符合语境。句子时态为现在完成时，需用动词的过去分词形式。故填signed up。 5. 翻译句子 (1)一本书到达它的读者面前需要花费很大的努力。 【答案】It takes great effort for a book to reach its readers. (2)当哈里看到自己帮助过的人脸上的笑容时，他意识到自己的工作有重要作用。 【答案】Harry realized that his work had made a difference when he saw the smiles on the faces of the people he helped. (3)作为志愿者工作已经教给我许多实用的救生技能。 【答案】Working as a volunteer has taught me many practical life-saving skills. (4)我们应该总是帮助那些生活困难的人。 【答案】We should always help those people in need. (5)他丢了书，从那时起就一直在找。 【答案】He lost the book and has looked for it ever since. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $