Unit 7 A Good Read (Section A) 核心知识点精讲精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元全方位精练（新教材人教版）

该初中英语单元复习讲义以思维导图构建Unit 7 A Good Read (Section A)的知识体系，通过表格梳理36个重点短语（标注词汇表短语），分板块解析adventure、fiction等核心词汇（含拓展、搭配、例句）及现在完成时、定语从句等重难句型，清晰呈现知识脉络与重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“随学随练+知识过关”的分层设计，如词汇辨析题（adventure/fiction单选）、句型应用题（定语从句who/which引导单选），培养语言能力与思维品质。知识过关练习涵盖词汇填空、单句语法填空等多题型，基础生可巩固基础，优生能深化理解，支持学生自主复习，助力教师实施精准教学。

Unit 7 A Good Read 核心知识点精讲 1 (Section A) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有“知识过关练习”，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section A部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. *a good read 好的读物；好书（或文章等） 2. a science fiction novel 一本科幻小说 3. plan to do 计划做某事 4. *hear of 听说；得知 5. the type of novel 小说类型 6. book title 书名 7. main subject(s) of the book 书的主题 8. the book cover 书的封面 9. a classic historical fiction novel 一部经典历史小说 10. one another 互相；彼此 11. be forced to do 被迫做某事 12. in the end 最后；终于 13. the main character 主角；主人公 14. a fantasy classic 经典奇幻作品 15. *get lost 迷路 16. prefer ... to ... 比起…更喜欢… 17. grow smaller 变小；逐渐缩小 18. too ... to ... 太… 而不能… 19. grow up 长大；成长 20. find it interesting 觉得它很有趣 21. decide on 选定；决定 22. borrow... from... 从… 借… 23. finish doing 做完某事 24. such a simple story 如此简单的一个故事 25. learn a lot from... 从… 中学到很多 26. at the start of... 在… 开始时 27. as many countries as possible 尽可能多的国家(as...as possible尽可能...) 28. begin with 以… 开头；始于 29. allow sb. to do... 允许某人做某事 30. in the past 在过去 31. a little bit 一点儿；稍微 32. so far 到目前为止 33. four Chinese literary classics 中国四大名著 34. base sth on sth 以……为基础（或根据） 35. more than 多于；超过；不仅仅 2、 重点词汇解析 1. adventure /ədˈventʃə(r)/ n. 冒险；冒险经历 [词汇拓展] adventurer(n.)冒险者；冒险家；adventurous(adj.)勇于冒险的；爱冒险的 [词汇搭配] adventure stories历险故事；a spirit of adventure 冒险精神 [词汇例句] I set off for a new adventure in the United States on the first day of the new year.新年第一 天，我在美国开始了一次新的冒险。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Journey to the West is a famous ________ novel full of magic stories and interesting characters. A．adventure B．detective C．science D．history 【答案】A 【详解】句意：《西游记》是一部著名的冒险小说，充满了魔法故事和有趣的角色。 adventure冒险；detective侦探；science科学；history历史。《西游记》讲述的是取经路上的奇遇，充满神话色彩，符合冒险小说的特征。 2. fiction /ˈfikʃn/ n. 小说；虚构，杜撰；虚构的事，假想之物 [词汇拓展] non-fiction(n.)纪实文学；fictional(adj.)虚构的，非真实的 [词汇搭配] science fiction科幻小说，科幻电影；a science fiction novel科幻小说 [词汇用法] · fiction表示“小说”，用作不可数名词。 · fiction表示“虚构，杜撰”，用作不可数名词；用作“虚构的事，假想之物”，常用作可数名词。 [词汇例句] The Time Machine is a famous science fiction novel by H.G. Wells.《时间机器》是H.G. 威尔斯的一部著名科幻小说。 3. attack /əˈtæk/ v. & n. 攻击；进攻 [词汇拓展] attacker(n.)攻击者，进攻者 [词汇搭配] an attack on...对...的袭击，攻击；attack...with...用...袭击，攻击... under attack遭受攻击 [词汇例句] The man attacked him with a knife.那个男人持刀向他行凶 [随学随练] 单项填空 — Ella, I’m going to travel in Africa next week. Any advice?                                     — Stay away from wild animals. They may ________ you if they are in danger. A．cheer B．attack C．refuse D．control 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Ella，我下周要去非洲旅行。有什么建议吗？——远离野生动物。如果它们感到危险，它们可能会攻击你。 cheer欢呼；attack攻击；refuse拒绝；control控制。根据“Stay away from wild animals.“及“if they are in danger“可知，野生动物在感到危险时可能会攻击人类。 4. historical /hɪˈstɔːrɪkl/ adj. 历史的；有关历史的 [词汇拓展] history(n.)历史；historian(n.)历史学家；historically(adv.)历史地 historic(adj.)具有重大历史意义的 [词汇搭配] a historical novel历史小说；historical research 历史研究 [词汇辨析] · historical指“与历史有关的”，或“历史上存在过的，历史上发生过的” 如：an important historical figure重要的历史人物 · historic指“有重大历史意义的，历史上著名（或重要）的”。 如：a historic building有历史意义的建筑 [随学随练] 单项填空 No matter ________ ancient site you choose to visit in Nanjing, don’t forget to dig into its ________ value behind the beautiful views. A．which; historical B．what; history C．where; historic D．how; historical 【答案】A 【详解】句意：无论你在南京选择参观哪一个古迹，都不要忘记挖掘美丽景色背后的历史价值。 第一空修饰名词ancient site，表示“无论哪一个”，应用No matter which，where和how为副词不能直接修饰名词，排除C、D；第二空修饰名词value，需用形容词，history为名词，排除 B，historical意为“历史的”，historical value表示“历史价值”，符合语境。 5. force /fɔːs/ v. 强迫；迫使；用力推动；强作（笑颜） n. 力；武力；影响力 [词汇拓展] forceful(adj.)人强有力的；意见等有说服力的；强迫的 forced(adj.)被迫的，不得已的；勉强的 [词汇搭配] force...to do.../force ...into doing...强迫...做...；force...on/upon...把...强加给... force...back强忍（不表露情感） force a smile强颜欢笑 from force of habit习惯使然;出于习惯 [词汇例句] They realized the force of her argument. 他们领悟到了她那论据的威力 [随学随练] 用force的相关表达翻译句子 (1) 她喝了一些水，强忍住了眼泪(tears)。 She drank some water and forced back her tears. (2) 不要把你自己的观点强加给他人。 Don’t force your own opinions on others. (3) 她勉强笑笑。 She forced a smile. (4) 他出于习惯环顾四周，但是没人注意他。 He looked around from force of habit, but nobody paid any attention to him. (5) 他被迫做出了这个选择。 He was forced to make the choice. 6. steal /stiːl/ v. 偷；窃取 [词汇拓展] <过去式>stole /ˈstəʊl/；<过去分词>stolen /ˈstəʊlən/； [词汇搭配] steal...from...从...窃取... [词汇例句] My wallet was stolen. 我的钱包给人偷了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The thief ________ a purse ________ the passenger on the ferry just now. A．steal; with B．stole; from C．steals; from D．stole; to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：小偷刚才在渡轮上偷了那位乘客的钱包。 考查动词的时态和动词短语。根据题干“just now”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式stole；steal sth from sb“从某人那里偷某物”，固定搭配。故选B。 (2) The mouse________the meat. The cat has to eat the potato instead of meat. A．steals B．will steal C．are stealing D．has stolen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那只老鼠偷走了肉，这只猫不得不吃土豆而不是肉。 考查时态。steal是动词原形，意为“偷”，steals是其单数第三人称形式，用于一般现在时；will steal是其一般将来时结构；are stealing是现在进行时结构；has stolen是现在完成时结构。由下文“The cat has to eat the potato instead of meat.”猫不得不吃土豆而不是肉，可推知，老鼠已经偷走了肉，所以用现在完成时，强调“老鼠偷走肉”对现在的影响是“猫吃不成肉了”。故选D。 7. punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ v. 惩罚；处罚 [词汇拓展] punishment(n.)惩罚，处罚 [词汇搭配] punish...for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而惩罚... [词汇例句] He was punished for refusing to answer their questions.他拒不回答他们的问题，受到了 惩罚。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Parents should teach their children to learn from their mistakes, instead of just ________ them. A．supporting B．punishing C．connecting D．suggesting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：父母应该教孩子从错误中学习，而不是仅仅惩罚他们。 考查动词辨析。supporting支持；punishing惩罚；connecting连接；suggesting建议。根据“Parents should teach their children to learn from their mistakes”可知，父母的教育重点是引导孩子从错误中成长，而非简单惩罚。故选B。 8. recently /ˈriːsntli/ adv. 最近；不久前 [词汇拓展] recent(adj.)近来的；新近的；lately(adv.)最近；不久前 [词汇例句] We received a letter from him recently. 我们不久以前收到了他的一封信。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) I haven’t seen Mike ________. I miss him very much. A．recently B．truly C．carefully D．simply 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我最近没见到迈克。我非常想念他。 recently最近；truly真正地；carefully仔细地；simply简单地。根据“I miss him very much.”可知非常想念，推测是最近没见到，且“haven’t seen”是现在完成时，与recently匹配。 9. lost /lɒst/ adj. 迷路的；丢失的；失去的 [词汇拓展] lose(v.)丢失，失去；loss(n.)丢失；损失 [词汇搭配] get lost 迷路；be lost迷路；be lost in...全神贯注沉浸于；lost time损失的时间 [词汇用法] · lost用作形容词，表示“迷路的；丢失的；失去的”。 a lost book 一本找不到的书 We're completely lost. 我们完全迷路了。 · lost也可用作lose的过去式或过去分词。 I lost my wallet yesterday. 我昨天丢了钱包。 He has lost the ability to walk. 他已经丧失了行走的能力。 [随学随练] 用lose适当形式填空 (1) The _______ (lose) of hearing didn’t stop Beethoven from being a great musician. 【答案】loss 【详解】句意：听力的丧失并没有阻止贝多芬成为一位伟大的音乐家。lose“丢失，丧失”，动词；The后接名词，lose的名词形式为loss。故填loss。 (2) Many parents have bought smart watches for their children so they may not get ________ (lose) in the cities. 【答案】lost 【详解】句意：许多父母给孩子买了智能手表，这样他们就不会在城市里迷路了。本句空前get是系动词，后面需要接形容词作表语来描述主语的状态，lose的形容词形式是lost，get lost是固定短语，意为“迷路”。 (3) I can’t find my pen. I think I ________ (lose) it yesterday. 【答案】lost 【详解】句意：我找不到我的钢笔了。我想我昨天把它弄丢了。lose“丢失”，动词；根据“yesterday”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。lose的过去式为lost。故填lost。 (4) I ________ (lose) ten pounds since I started this diet. 【答案】have lost 【详解】句意：自从我开始这种节食计划以来，我已经减掉了十磅。根据“since I started this diet”可知，该句要用现在完成时，其结构是“have/has+过去分词”。主语是I，助动词用have，lose的过去分词是lost。故填have lost。 10. recommend /ˌrekəˈmend/ v. 推荐；建议 [词汇拓展] recommendation(n.)推荐，建议；advise/suggest(v.)建议；advice/suggestion(n.)建议 [词汇搭配] recommend... to... 向...推荐...；recommend sth. 推荐某物；建议某事 recommend doing...建议做某事；recommend sb. to do 建议某人做某事 recommend +that从句(从句谓语用should do结构，should可以省略) [词汇例句] I recommend (that) he should see a lawyer.我建议他去找个律师。 [随学随练] 用recommend相关表达翻译句子 (1) 你能推荐一家好的饭店吗？ Can you recommend a good hotel? (2) 我向我所有的学生都推荐这本书。 I recommend the book to all my students. (3) 我建议你早点预定一家旅馆。(用简单句翻译) I recommend you to book a hotel early. (4) 我建议你加入读书俱乐部。(用复合句翻译) I recommend that you (should) join the reading club. 11. society /səˈsaɪəti/ n. 社会；社团 [词汇拓展] social(adj.)社会的，社交的；socialism(n.)社会主义 socialist(n.)社会主义者；(adj.)社会主义的 [词汇搭配] modern industrial societies 现代工业社会 [词汇用法] · society表示“社会”时，指以群体形式生活在一起的人的总称时，用作不可数名词。 表示共同遵守一定的习俗、法律等的特定群体时，用作可数名词。 They carried out research into the roles of men and women in today's society.他们就男人和女人在当今社会中所扮演的角色展开研究。(不可数) We live in a socialist society.我们生活在一个社会主义社会里。(可数名词) · society表示“社团”时，是可数名词。 a drama society戏剧社团 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What did your history teacher say yesterday? —He said it’s our duty to do what we can to make our ________ a better place to live in. A．society B．culture C．history D．laboratory 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你的历史老师昨天说什么了？——他说，尽我们所能使我们的社会成为一个更好的居住地是我们的责任。 考查名词辨析。society社会；culture文化；history历史；laboratory实验室。根据“to make our…a better place to live in”可知，此处表示使我们的社会成为一个更好的居住地。故选A。 12. literary /ˈlɪtərəri/ adj. 文学的；文学上的 [词汇拓展] literature(n.)文学 [词汇搭配] four Chinese literary classics 中国四大名著；a literary man文人 [词汇例句] It was Chaucer who really turned English into a literary language.是乔叟使英语真正变成 了文学语言。 13. base /beɪs/ v. 以……为据点n. 根基；基础；根据地 [词汇拓展] basic(adj.)基本的；based(adj.)（以某事）为基础，为根据 [词汇搭配] base sth on sth 以……为基础（或根据）；be based on...以...为基础 cover all the bases考虑周全；面面俱到；the base of a glass玻璃杯底座 [词汇例句] They decided to base the new company in York.他们决定将新成立的公司总部设在约克 郡。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Yan’an is the ________ of China’s revolution. Many war films are ________ upon it. A．base, based B．base, base C．based, base D．based, based 【答案】A 【详解】句意：延安是中国革命的基地。许多战争电影都基于它。 考查名词和动词短语辨析。base基地；based基于。根据“Yan’an is the...of China’s revolution. Many war films are...upon it.”可知，第一空需要名词作表语，表示“基地”，用base；第二空，be based upon/on“以……为基础/依据”，是固定短语，是过去分词based构成被动语态。故选A。 3、 重难句型解析 1. 现在完成时句型 (教材原句)Yaming has chosen Journey to the West for his book report.亚明选择了《西游记》作为他的读书报告。 (教材原句)Have you ever read a science fiction novel?你读过科幻小说吗？ (教材原句)What have you read recently, Fu Xing? 复兴，你最近读过什么书？ 现在完成时的谓语动词由“have/has+动词过去分词”构成。其中have/has是助动词。 陈述句结构为：主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他。 一般疑问句结构为：have/has+主语+动词过去分词+其他? 特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词过去分词+其他? 如：He has finished his homework. 他已经完成了他的作业。 Have they arrived yet? 他们到了吗？ [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) — ________ you ever ________ the movie The Wandering Earth Ⅱ? — Yes, I have. It’s really amazing and shows the great creativity of Chinese filmmakers. A．Did; see B．Have; seen C．Do; see D．Will; see 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你曾经看过电影《流浪地球 2》吗？——是的，我看过。它真的很棒，展示了中国电影人的伟大创造力。 根据答语“Yes, I have.”可知问句应以 Have 开头；且句中有关键词 ever，常与现在完成时连用，表示“曾经”，结构为“Have/Has+主语+ever+过去分词”，see的过去分词是seen，应填Have；seen。 (2) —Disney _________ out its first plus-size female (女性的) leading character in a short film called Reflect recently. —Yes, many people like her very much. A．was bringing B．will bring C．has brought D．bring 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——迪士尼最近在一部名为《反思》的短片中推出了首位大码女性主角。——是的，很多人都非常喜欢她。 根据“recently”可知，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，即迪士尼已经推出了首位大码女性主角，所以应该用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+done”。又因为主语“Disney”是第三人称单数，所以助动词用“has”，“bring”的过去分词是“brought”。 2. 被动语态句型 (教材原句)A young boy is forced to steal things. 一个小男孩被迫去偷东西。 is forced是“be动词+动词的过去分词”构成的被动语态结构，表示“被...”。 如：The tree was cut down yesterday. 树昨天被砍了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) Today, many learning apps ________ by students to help with their study. A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如今，许多学习应用程序被学生用来帮助他们的学习。 根据时间状语“Today”可知句子时态为一般现在时；主语“many learning apps”是动作“use”的承受者，且由“by students”提示被动关系，故用被动语态。主语为复数，be动词用are。 (2) Many beautiful photos ________ on WeChat Moments every day. A．share B．shared C．are shared D．were shared 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每天有很多美丽的照片被分享在微信朋友圈。 主语Many beautiful photos与动词share之间是被动关系，时间状语“every day”表明时态为一般现在时，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态；主语是复数，be动词用are。应填are shared。 3. 定语从句 (教材原句)It's a fantasy classic about a girl who gets lost in a magical world.这是一部经典的奇幻小说，讲述了一个女孩在魔法世界中迷失的故事。 此句中who gets lost in a magical world是who引导的一个定语从句修饰前面的a girl。当修饰词是人时，通常用who或that引导定语从句；当被修饰词是物时，常用which或that引导定语从句。who/which/that在引导定语从句时，都要在从句中充当主干成分。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The man ________ helped the old man cross the street is a kind volunteer. A．which B．who C．what D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那位帮助老人过马路的男士是一位善良的志愿者。 which 哪个，常指物；who 谁，常指人；what 什么；whose 谁的。先行词是“ The man”，为人，且在从句中作主语，应该使用 who 引导，应选who。 (2) The computer ________ my father bought for me last week works very well. A．who B．what C．where D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我爸爸上周给我买的电脑运转得很好。 考查定语从句的关系代词。who指人，作主语或宾语；what不引导定语从句；where指地点，作状语；which指物，作主语或宾语。分析句子结构可知，空格后“my father bought for me last week”为定语从句，修饰先行词“The computer”，且从句中缺少宾语，先行词为物，故用which。故选D。 4. 宾语从句 (教材原句)Do you remember when Alice finds a tiny door?你还记得爱丽丝找到一扇小门的时候吗？ (教材原句)Then she realizes she's forgotten about the key on the table... 然后她意识到自己忘了桌子上的钥匙。... (教材原句)I guess you really love this book!我猜你真的很喜欢这本书！ 第一句中when Alice finds a tiny door是一个疑问副词when引导的宾语从句，疑问副词when,why,where, how等引导宾语从句时，在从句中不充当主干成分，一般充当状语成分。 如：I’ve forgotten when we met for the first time.我已经忘了我们第一次见面是什么时候。 第二句中的she's forgotten about the key on the table和第三句中的you really love this book是省略了引导词that的宾语从句。that引导宾语从句时没有意义，不充当成分，一般可以省略。 如：I think (that) The Roman of the Three Kingdoms is an interesting novel.我认为《三国演义》是一部有趣的小说。 此外，whether或if表示“是否”，也常用于引导宾语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分。 如：I wonder whether/if they will join us tomorrow. 我想知道他们明天是否会加入我们。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —Do you know ______ the meeting will begin? —At 9:00 tomorrow morning. A．when B．where C．how D．why 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道会议什么时候开始吗？——明天上午九点。 when什么时候；where哪里；how怎样；why为什么。根据答语“At 9:00 tomorrow morning”可知，询问的是时间，应用when引导宾语从句。 (2) I don’t know ________ it will rain or not tomorrow. A．that B．when C．where D．whether 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我不知道明天是否会下雨。 that引导宾语从句时无实义，不表示“是否”；when什么时候；where哪里；whether是否。从句中包含“or not”，表示“是否”且与or not连用时，应用whether，且不能用if。 5. “主+谓+宾+宾补”句型 (教材原句)I find it interesting. 此句中it作find后的宾语，interesting补充说明it的相关情况作宾语补足语，宾语和宾语补足语共同组成复合宾语。常见后接复合宾语的动词keep,feel,leave等。 如：I find math a little hard. 我发现数学有点难。 He always makes us laugh. 他总是使我们笑。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) We should do our best to keep our Earth ________. A．clean B．to clean C．cleaned D．cleaning 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该尽最大努力保持地球清洁。 考查形容词作宾语补足语。clean清洁的；to clean清扫，不定式；cleaned打扫，过去分词和过去式；cleaning打扫，现在分词。keep sth.+adj.“保持某物处于某种状态”，是固定搭配，A项符合。故选A。 (2) With the teacher’s help, all the students were happy to find the Math problem ________. A．easily B．easier C．more easily D．much easy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在老师的帮助下，所有学生都欣喜地发现数学题更简单了。 考查形容词作宾补以及形容词比较级。句型结构“find sth. adj.”意为“发现某事如何”，其中adj.为形容词作宾语补足语。根据语境，强调老师帮助前后的对比，帮助后数学题的难度比帮助前更简单，所以应使用easy的比较级，即easier。故选B。 6. 附加疑问句 (教材原句)It’s a fun story, isn’t it? 此句在一个陈述句后附加了一个问句，对前面陈述的内容进行确认，这样的疑问句成为“附加疑问句”，也叫“反意疑问句”。 当前面的陈述句表示肯定含义时，附加疑问句用否定形式；前面的陈述句表示否定含义时，附加疑问句用肯定形式。 前半部分陈述句谓语动含be动词，情态动词或其他构成时态等的助动词时，附加疑问句用这些词和主语构成，主语需改为相应等代词。前半部分陈述句若无be动词情态动词或其他构成时态等的助动词时，则借助do/does/did等构成附加疑问句。 如：Lucy has read the book more than twice, hasn’t she?露西这本书已经读了两遍多了，不是吗？ Tom knows the answer, doesn’t he? 汤姆知道答案，不是吗？ Your brother can speak little French, can he? 你弟弟几乎不会说法语，是吗？ [随学随练] 单项填空 Jane has lunch at home, ________? A．doesn’t she B．hasn’t she C．has she D．does she 【答案】A 【详解】句意：简在家里吃午饭，不是吗？ 陈述部分中has为实义动词，意为“吃”，时态是一般现在时，主语Jane是第三人称单数。根据“前肯后否”的原则，疑问部分应借助助动词does的否定形式doesn’t，主语用she代替。 4、 其他知识解析 1. read用法 read可以作动词，表示“阅读”，如：read a novel读一本小说。 read也可以用作名词，表示“好的（或有意思等的）读物”，如a good read一本好的读物。 其派生词reader用作名词，表示“读者；爱读书的人”，也可以表示“简易读物”。 2. by用法 (教材原句)I've just finished Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll. 此句中by表示“由...所作”。 如：a story by Mo Yan 莫言写的一个故事 the music by Mozart 莫扎特的音乐 a painting by Picasso 毕加索的一幅画 [随学随练] 单项填空 Look! Li Hong is reading a novel ________ the famous writer Lu Xun. A．by B．with C．about D．through 【答案】A 【详解】句意：看！李红正在读著名作家鲁迅的小说。 考查介词辨析。by由……创作；with和；about关于；through通过。根据“a novel … the famous writer”可知，表示著名作家创作的小说，应用by。故选A。 3. prefer用法 (教材原句)I've always preferred the book to the movie. prefer...to... 表示“比起...(后者)更喜欢...(前者)” 此外prefer还常用于以下结构： prefer doing A to doing B 比起做B更喜欢做A prefer to do / doing sth. 更喜欢做某事 prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 如：My grandpa prefers tea to coffee. 比起咖啡，我爷爷更喜欢茶。 I prefer staying at home to playing basketball at weekends. 周末我宁愿待在家里，也不去打篮球。 [随学随练] 用所给词的适当形式填空 (1) My brother prefers playing/to play (play) basketball with his classmates after class. (2) He prefers to stay (stay) at home rather than go out on weekends. (3) East or West, home is best. That’s why more and more people prefer visiting (visit) their parents to going traveling during holidays. (4) The girl prefers reading (read) novels to playing (play) computer games. 4. such用法 (教材原句)such a simple story如此简单的一个故事 (教材原句)such a sad story如此悲伤的一个故事 such用作形容词，表示“这样的，那样的”，也可以用作代词，表示“这样(那样)的人或事物”。 用作形容词时，其后跟名词或以名词为中心词的短语。 so也可以表示“这样，那样”，但so用作副词，其后跟形容词或副词。 当名词前有many/much/little/few表示“多/少”修饰时，只用so，不用such。 如：such a clever girl=so clever a girl如此聪明的一个女孩 so many people如此多的人 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) It’s kind of you to teach me ________ useful knowledge and it really helps me a lot. A．so B．so a C．such D．such an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你教我如此有用的知识真是太好了，它真的帮了我很多。 考查such和so的区别。so如此，这样，修饰形容词或副词，such这样的，修饰名词。useful knowledge的中心词为knowledge，是不可数名词，因此用such修饰，且不需要冠词。故选C。 (2) We got ________ little money that we could only solve ________ little problems. A．such; such B．so; such C．so; so D．such; so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们得到了如此少的钱，以至于我们只能解决这样的小问题。 考查so和such的用法区别。so用于修饰形容词或副词，such用于修饰名词或名词短语。根据“…little money that”可知，第一个空后“little money”中“little”为形容词，表示“少的”，修饰不可数名词money；第二空后“little problems”中little表示“小的”，修饰可数名词复数，前用such。故选B。 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据据提示填写正确形式的单词或按照中文句子补全句子，每空一词。 (1) Hard work is the ________ (根基) of success. 【答案】base 【详解】句意：努力工作是成功的根基。在the...of中间缺名词，base“根基”，the base of ...“……的根基”。 (2) Kevin, has your father been to Beijing on business ________ (最近)? 【答案】recently 【详解】句意：凯文，你父亲最近去过北京出差吗？此处需要填入中文含义为“最近”的单词“recently”，因此答案为recently。 (3) I enjoy reading ________ (小说) because I like stories about imaginary worlds. 【答案】fiction 【详解】句意：我喜欢读小说，因为我喜欢关于虚构世界的故事。中文提示 “小说”，对应英文fiction，且fiction不可数。 (4) The giant animal will ________ (攻击，进攻) other living things if it is in danger. 【答案】attack 【详解】句意：这种巨型动物在遇到危险时会攻击其他生物。attack作动词时，意为“攻击，进攻”。句中will是助动词，后接动词原形。故填attack。 (5) My parents never ________ (强迫；迫使) me to learn things I don’t like. 【答案】force 【详解】句意：我的父母从不强迫我学习我不喜欢的东西。“强迫；迫使” 对应的英文单词是force；主语“My parents”为复数，句子时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。 (6) However, a bad man, Feng Meng, tried to ________ (偷，窃取) the medicine when Hou Yi was not home. 【答案】steal 【详解】句意：然而，一个坏人逢蒙趁后羿不在家时试图偷药。“偷，窃取”steal。try to do sth“试图做某事”，所以to后跟动词原形。故填steal。 (7) With the help of AI, the app can ________ (推荐) something we may like or need. 【答案】recommend 【详解】句意：在人工智能的帮助下，这款应用可以推荐一些我们可能喜欢或需要的东西。根据中文提示可知，“推荐”对应的英文是recommend，是动词，情态动词can后接动词原形。 (8) Li Dan has a deep love for l________ (文学的) works, often losing herself in the poems and classic novels. 【答案】literary/iterary 【详解】句意：李丹对文学作品情有独钟，常常沉浸在诗歌和经典小说中。literary“文学的”，形容词作定语修饰名词works。故填literary。 (9) They realized they were ________ (迷路的) when they could no longer find the path. 【答案】lost 【详解】句意：当他们再也找不到那条路时，他们意识到自己迷路了。“迷路的”英文表达是“lost”，在句中作表语，描述主语的状态。 (10) If someone pollutes the environment seriously, we must ________ (惩罚) them. 【答案】punish 【详解】句意：如果有人严重污染环境，我们必须惩罚他们。根据提示词可知，此处需填动词“惩罚”，表示“惩罚”的单词为punish。又因为前面有情态动词must，所以用动词原形punish。 (11) New technology greatly influences modern ________ (社会) in many different ways. 【答案】society 【详解】句意：新技术在许多不同方面极大地影响着现代社会。根据汉语提示可知，society“社会”，名词，在句中作宾语。 (12) This book is such ________  ________ _________ (好的读物) that I couldn’t put it down. 【答案】 a good read 【详解】句意：这本书是如此好的读物，以至于我舍不得放下它。句中“such”后接“a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”结构，“好的读物”可译为“good read”，故填a good read。 (13) He ________ ________ (听说) the important news on the radio. 【答案】 heard of 【详解】句意：他从广播里听说了这条重要消息。hear of“听说”，动词短语，动词发生在过去，使用一般过去时。故填heard；of。 (14) The Butterfly Lovers is a modern musical ________ ________ (以……为基础) a traditional Chinese story Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai. 【答案】based on 【详解】句意：《梁祝》是一部以中国传统故事《梁山伯与祝英台》为基础的现代音乐剧。“以……为基础”对应“base on”，此处是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰musical，musical和base之间是被动关系，所以用base的过去分词based。 (15) ________ ________(到目前为止), everything has gone well and nothing has gone wrong. 【答案】So far 【详解】句意：到目前为止，一切顺利，没有出现任何差错。根据汉语提示，So far“到目前为止”，置于句首，首字母大写。 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) He is an ________ (adventure) man who is brave enough to face any unknown dangers. 【答案】adventurous 【详解】句意：他是一个敢于冒险的人，有足够的勇气面对任何未知的危险。在句子中，需要一个形容词来修饰名词man。adventure是名词，意为“冒险；奇遇”，其形容词形式是adventurous，表示“爱冒险的；大胆的”，所以横线处应填adventurous。 (2) The music, which was written ________ Abing, is sad but beautiful. 【答案】by 【详解】句意：阿炳写的音乐很悲伤，但却很优美。结合“which was written...Abing”可知，本句运用了被动语态，Abing是动作的执行者，所以其前用介词by，表示“被，由”，故填by。 (3) There are many famous ________ (history) places in Xi’an. 【答案】historical 【详解】句意：西安有许多著名的历史景点。句中空白处需要一个形容词修饰名词places，括号内的名词history需变为形容词形式historical（意为“历史的”）。 (4) This flight was forced ________ (cancel) because of the snowstorm. 【答案】to cancel 【详解】句意：这趟航班因为暴风雪被迫取消了。cancel“取消”，根据固定搭配be forced to do sth.“被迫做某事”可知，此处需用动词不定式形式to cancel。故填to cancel。 (5) I can’t find my wallet anywhere. Someone on the bus ________ (steal) it. 【答案】has stolen 【详解】句意：我到处都找不到我的钱包。有人在公共汽车上偷了它。此处表示的动作已过去，且对现在造成影响，应用现在完成时，结构是“have/has+过去分词”，主语是someone，助动词用has，故填has stolen。 (6) A thief broke into the shop last night and _________ (steal) several expensive items. 【答案】stole 【详解】句意：昨晚一个小偷闯入商店偷走了几件昂贵的物品。根据“A thief broke into the shop last night”可知，此句时态是一般过去时，描述过去发生的事情，“and”连接两个并列的动作，前面“broke”是过去式，所以这里“steal”也应用过去式“stole”。故填stole。 (7) ________ (recent), great changes have taken place in my hometown. 【答案】Recently 【详解】句意：最近，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。recent“最近的”，是形容词，此处需要副词作时间状语，因此用Recently“最近”。 (8) The government ________ (take) action to improve the air quality recently. 【答案】has taken 【详解】句意：政府最近已经采取行动来改善空气质量。根据“recently”可知，此句时态是现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或者过去的动作或状态持续到现在，其结构是“have/has+done”。主语“The government”是第三人称单数，因此助动词用“has”，“take”的过去分词是“taken”。故填has taken。 (9) Bees never get ________ because they can remember the way. (lose) 【答案】lost 【详解】句意：蜜蜂从不迷路，因为它们能记住路。get是系动词，后面接形容词作表语；根据句意“because they can remember the way”，可知是lost“迷路的”。 (10) Can you give me a ________ (recommend) for a good way to learn English words? 【答案】recommendation 【详解】句意：你能给我推荐一个学习英语单词的好方法吗？a后需要接名词，动词recommend的名词形式是recommendation，意为“推荐、建议”。 (11) The prices are surprisingly high so his mother recommends ________ (change) their plans. 【答案】changing 【详解】句意：价格出奇地高，所以他妈妈建议改变他们的计划。recommend后接动词时，常用“recommend doing sth.”结构，表示“建议做某事”，因此用动名词changing作宾语。 (12) Mr Wu recommends us ________ (make) the clay figures with black clay. 【答案】to make 【详解】句意：吴老师推荐我们用黑粘土做泥人。recommend sb. to do sth.意为“推荐某人做某事”，固定词组。故填to make。 (13) Joining club activities is a good way to improve ________ (society) skills. 【答案】social 【详解】句意：参加社团活动是提高社交技能的好方法。society“社会”，名词；修饰名词skills需要用形容词，society的形容词形式是social。故填social。 (14) The teacher taught us the ________ (base) rules of writing a good summary. 【答案】basic 【详解】句意：老师教我们写一篇好总结的基本规则。修饰名词“rules”，需用形容词作定语。“base”的形容词形式为“basic”，意为“基本的”。 (15) I watched a movie ________ (base) on a novel the other day.It was pretty good! 【答案】based 【详解】句意：前几天我看了一部改编自小说的电影。它非常好看！根据句意可知，空格处单词作后置定语，修饰a movie。movie和base之间是被动关系，用过去分词based。 (16) So far, people around the world ________ (try) AI and posted their results on social media. 【答案】have tried 【详解】句意：到目前为止，世界各地的人们都尝试了人工智能，并在社交媒体上发布了自己的使用结果。时间状语So far是现在完成时的标志，现在完成时的结构为have/has+过去分词，主语people around the world是复数，助动词应用have，try的过去分词形式为tried，故填have tried。 (17) Our teacher often allows us ________ (discuss) questions in groups in class. 【答案】to discuss 【详解】句意：我们的老师经常允许我们在课堂上分组讨论问题。allow sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，故填to discuss。 (18) Tom has always preferred tea ________ coffee because it’s better for his health. 【答案】to 【详解】句意：汤姆比起咖啡总是更喜欢茶，因为茶对他的健康更有好处。prefer A to B为固定搭配，意为“比起B更喜欢A”。故填to。 3. 单项填空 (1) I ________ that you watch Jiangsu City Football League (苏超) because it is so exciting! A．attack B．review C．recommend D．beat 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我推荐你看江苏城市足球联赛，因为它太令人兴奋了！ attack攻击；review复习，回顾；recommend推荐；beat击打。根据because it is so exciting!可知，说话者认为比赛很精彩，意在向对方推荐观看，而非命令或教学。应填recommend。 (2) —Why are you so happy, Lisa? —I found a ________ bag on my way to school and returned it to the owner. A．married B．lost C．historical D．social 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你为什么这么高兴，丽莎？——我在上学的路上发现了一个丢失的包，并把它还给了失主。 考查形容词辨析。married结婚的；lost丢失的；historical历史的；social社会的。根据“returned it to the owner（把它还给了失主）”可知，捡到的包应该是“丢失的”才会归还给失主。故选B。 (3) The strong wind has _________the boy to stay indoors for hours. A．dealt B．forgotten C．attacked D．forced 【答案】D 【详解】句意：强风已经迫使这个男孩待在室内几个小时。 dealt处理；forgotten忘记；attacked攻击；forced迫使。根据固定搭配force sb to do sth意为“迫使某人做某事”，且结合句意强风迫使男孩待在室内，符合逻辑。 (4) “Tom, stop it! Don’t let your phone ________ our family time!” Dad warned at dinner. A．hide B．save C．steal D．borrow 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“汤姆，住手！别让你的手机占用我们的家庭时光！”爸爸在晚饭时警告道。 考查动词辨析。hide隐藏；save节省；steal偷窃；borrow借。根据“Don’t let your phone…our family time”可知，此处指手机占用家庭相处的时间，steal可引申为“占用”，故选C。 (5) Linda can hardly speak Chinese, ________? A．can’t she B．can she C．does she D．doesn’t she 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Linda几乎不会说中文，对吗？ 反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的规则。句中hardly(几乎不)表示否定含义，因此附加问句需用肯定形式；句子含有情态动词can，主语Linda为女名，应该用she指代，应填can she。 (6) —Look! Someone ________ the music room. —Yeah. It is so clean and makes us comfortable. A．has cleaned B．is cleaning C．cleans D．was cleaning 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——看！有人已经打扫了音乐教室。——是的。它如此干净，让我们感到舒适。 has cleaned已经打扫，现在完成时；is cleaning正在打扫，现在进行时；cleans打扫，一般现在时；was cleaning过去正在打扫，过去进行时。根据“It is so clean and makes us comfortable.”可知，房间现在的状态是干净的，说明打扫动作已完成并对现在产生影响，现在完成时has cleaned符合语境。 (7) Lily is sure ________ we can be good friends. A．that B．what C．which D．if 【答案】A 【详解】句意：莉莉确信我们可以成为好朋友。 that无实义；what什么；which哪一个；if是否。根据“Lily is sure”可知后接宾语从句，且从句“we can be good friends”结构完整，表示确定的事实，应用that引导。故选A。 (8) All members of our ______ showed great respect to soldiers (士兵) in the military parade (阅兵仪式) on September 3rd 2025. A．safety B．popularity C．society D．electricity 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们社会的所有成员在2025年9月3日的阅兵仪式上向士兵表示极大的尊重。 考查名词辨析。safety安全；popularity流行度；society社会；electricity电。根据“All members of our...showed great respect to soldiers (士兵) in the military parade”可知，这里指社会的所有成员向士兵表示极大的尊重，故选C。 (9) — Have you ________ read The Three-Body Problem? — No, I’ve ________ heard of it. A．ever; never B．never; ever C．already; yet D．yet; already 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你曾经读过《三体》吗？——不，我从来没听说过它。 ever常用于疑问句表示“曾经”，never表示否定“从未”。根据问句询问经历可知第一空用ever；根据答语“No”可知是否定句，第二空用never。already常用于肯定句，yet常用于否定句或疑问句句末。应填ever；never。 (10) Mary ________ reading the book last week and she ________ 50 pages so far. A．has started; finished B．has started; has finished C．started; has finished D．started; finished 【答案】C 【详解】第一空，时间状语last week表示过去的具体时间，描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时started；第二空，时间状语so far表示“到目前为止”，是现在完成时的标志词，表示对现在的影响，应用has finished。应填started；has finished。 4. 选择填空 A historical, steal, fiction, punish, attack 1．Reading good stories can help us understand different times. 2．If someone breaks the rules, he should be . 3．This book is full of imagination and new ideas. 4．In the story, bad men the small village at night. 5．The bad man money from the rich and was caught by the police. 【答案】1．historical 2．punished 3．fiction 4．attacked 5．stole 【解析】 1．句意：阅读好的历史故事可以帮助我们了解不同的时代。空处修饰名词stories，需填形容词；结合“understand different times”可知，了解不同时代需要阅读基于史实的“历史”故事，historical“历史的”符合语境。 2．句意：如果有人违反规则，他应该受到惩罚。结合“breaks the rules”可知，违反规则的结果是受到“惩罚”，空处填入过去分词，与be构成被动语态，punish“惩罚”的过去分词punished符合语境。 3．句意：这本虚构小说充满了想象力和新奇的想法。结合“imagination and new ideas”可知，充满想象力的书属于“虚构小说”书籍，fiction“虚构、小说”符合语境。 4．句意：故事中，坏人在夜间袭击了小村庄。空处作谓语，描述故事中的情节；结合“the small village at night”可知，坏人在夜间对村庄采取的行动是“袭击”，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，attack“袭击”的过去式attacked符合语境。 5．句意：那个坏人从富人那里偷钱，并被警察抓住了。空处作谓语，描述过去发生的事，与was caught并列，所以是一般过去时，应填入过去式；结合“money from the rich”可知，从富人那里“偷”钱，steal“偷”的过去式stole符合语境。 B 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使其通顺、连贯，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。方框中有两个词为多余项。 hurry  million  sudden  full  success  be  she  introduce  hate  read  object  belong Matilda was written by the British writer Roald Dahl. He was one of the most 1 writers in the world. For years, his books have been popular among 2 of children around the world. The book tells stories of a five-year-old girl named Matilda. She is very kind and talented. And she enjoys 3 . Matilda has read all children’s books in the library. She can even solve hard problems by 4 . Although Matilda is such a good girl, her parents treat her terribly. After she goes to school, Matilda is not happy at school, either. Miss Trunchbull, the head teacher, 5 every child and she always beats her students. Later, Matilda meets Miss Honey, a warm-hearted teacher. She always tells Matilda 6 happy. Then Matilda 7 finds that she has a special power—she can move and control 8 with her mind. She uses the power to fight back. She also uses the power to help Miss Honey. I 9 the book Matilda to my friends already. And they all like it. What’s more, the whole story is 10 of funny parts. If you read the book, you’ll laugh from beginning to end. 【答案】 1．successful 2．millions 3．reading 4．herself 5．hates 6．to be 7．suddenly 8．objects 9．have introduced 10．full 【导语】本文介绍了名著《玛蒂尔达》的相关人物、情节内容及书中名句。 1．句意：他是世界上最成功的作家之一。此处表达“成功的”，根据“one of the most + 形容词”的结构，修饰名词writers需用形容词，“success”的形容词形式“successful”表示“成功的”，符合语境。 2．句意：多年来，他的书受到全世界数百万儿童的欢迎。此处表达“数百万的”，“millions of”是固定搭配，表示“数百万的”，修饰可数名词复数children，“million”需变为复数形式“millions”。 3．句意：而且她喜欢阅读。“enjoy doing sth.”是固定用法，表示“喜欢做某事”，后文提到Matilda读过所有儿童读物，可知她喜欢阅读，因此用“read”的动名词形式“reading”。 4．句意：她甚至可以独自解决难题。此处表达“独自”，“by oneself”是固定搭配，表示“独自”，此处主语是she，对应的反身代词为“herself”。 5．句意：特朗奇布尔校长讨厌每一个孩子，而且她总是惩罚学生。根据后文她总惩罚学生可知她不喜欢孩子，主语是第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，“hate”需变为第三人称单数形式“hates”。 6．句意：她总是告诉玛蒂尔达要保持快乐。此处表达“变得、保持”，“tell sb. to do sth.”是固定用法，表示“告诉某人做某事”，“be happy”表示保持开心，因此用“to be”。 7．句意：然后玛蒂尔达突然发现她有一种特殊的能力。此处表达“突然地”，此处修饰动词发现，需用副词，“sudden”的副词形式“suddenly”表示“突然地”，符合语境。 8．句意：她可以用意念移动和控制物体。根据前文“move and control”可知此处指物品，需用复数形式“objects”表示“物体”。 9．句意：我已经把《玛蒂尔达》这本书介绍给我的朋友们了。此处表达“介绍”，“already”提示时态为现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语是I，“introduce”的过去分词为“introduced”，表示“介绍”。 10．句意：更重要的是，整个故事充满有趣的部分。此处表达“充满”，“be full of”是固定搭配，表示“充满”，因此用“full”。 5. 翻译句子 (1) 我还从来没有忘记那次特别的旅行。 【答案】I have never forgotten that special trip. (2) 你读过《爱丽丝梦游仙境》了吗？ 【答案】Have you read Alice in Wonderland? (3) 我喜欢看根据小说改编的电影。 【答案】I enjoy watching a movie based on a novel. (4) 到目前为止，我们已经种植了超过100棵树。 【答案】So far, we have planted more than 100 trees. (5) 如果你从未读过中国古代经典小说，我推荐《西游记》。 【答案】If you have never read an ancient Chinese classic novel, I recommend Journey to the West. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 A Good Read 核心知识点精讲 1 (Section A) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有“知识过关练习”，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section A部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. *a good read 好的读物；好书（或文章等） 2. a science fiction novel 一本科幻小说 3. plan to do 计划做某事 4. *hear of 听说；得知 5. the type of novel 小说类型 6. book title 书名 7. main subject(s) of the book 书的主题 8. the book cover 书的封面 9. a classic historical fiction novel 一部经典历史小说 10. one another 互相；彼此 11. be forced to do 被迫做某事 12. in the end 最后；终于 13. the main character 主角；主人公 14. a fantasy classic 经典奇幻作品 15. *get lost 迷路 16. prefer ... to ... 比起…更喜欢… 17. grow smaller 变小；逐渐缩小 18. too ... to ... 太… 而不能… 19. grow up 长大；成长 20. find it interesting 觉得它很有趣 21. decide on 选定；决定 22. borrow... from... 从… 借… 23. finish doing 做完某事 24. such a simple story 如此简单的一个故事 25. learn a lot from... 从… 中学到很多 26. at the start of... 在… 开始时 27. as many countries as possible 尽可能多的国家(as...as possible尽可能...) 28. begin with 以… 开头；始于 29. allow sb. to do... 允许某人做某事 30. in the past 在过去 31. a little bit 一点儿；稍微 32. so far 到目前为止 33. four Chinese literary classics 中国四大名著 34. base sth on sth 以……为基础（或根据） 35. more than 多于；超过；不仅仅 2、 重点词汇解析 1. adventure /ədˈventʃə(r)/ n. 冒险；冒险经历 [词汇拓展] adventurer(n.)冒险者；冒险家；adventurous(adj.)勇于冒险的；爱冒险的 [词汇搭配] adventure stories历险故事；a spirit of adventure 冒险精神 [词汇例句] I set off for a new adventure in the United States on the first day of the new year.新年第一天，我在美国开始了一次新的冒险。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Journey to the West is a famous ________ novel full of magic stories and interesting characters. A．adventure B．detective C．science D．history 2. fiction /ˈfikʃn/ n. 小说；虚构，杜撰；虚构的事，假想之物 [词汇拓展] non-fiction(n.)纪实文学；fictional(adj.)虚构的，非真实的 [词汇搭配] science fiction科幻小说，科幻电影；a science fiction novel科幻小说 [词汇用法] · fiction表示“小说”，用作不可数名词。 · fiction表示“虚构，杜撰”，用作不可数名词；用作“虚构的事，假想之物”，常用作可数名词。 [词汇例句] The Time Machine is a famous science fiction novel by H.G. Wells.《时间机器》是H.G. 威尔斯的一部著名科幻小说。 3. attack /əˈtæk/ v. & n. 攻击；进攻 [词汇拓展] attacker(n.)攻击者，进攻者 [词汇搭配] an attack on...对...的袭击，攻击；attack...with...用...袭击，攻击... under attack遭受攻击 [词汇例句] The man attacked him with a knife.那个男人持刀向他行凶 [随学随练] 单项填空 — Ella, I’m going to travel in Africa next week. Any advice?                                     — Stay away from wild animals. They may ________ you if they are in danger. A．cheer B．attack C．refuse D．control 4. historical /hɪˈstɔːrɪkl/ adj. 历史的；有关历史的 [词汇拓展] history(n.)历史；historian(n.)历史学家；historically(adv.)历史地 historic(adj.)具有重大历史意义的 [词汇搭配] a historical novel历史小说；historical research 历史研究 [词汇辨析] · historical指“与历史有关的”，或“历史上存在过的，历史上发生过的” 如：an important historical figure重要的历史人物 · historic指“有重大历史意义的，历史上著名（或重要）的”。 如：a historic building有历史意义的建筑 [随学随练] 单项填空 No matter ________ ancient site you choose to visit in Nanjing, don’t forget to dig into its ________ value behind the beautiful views. A．which; historical B．what; history C．where; historic D．how; historical 5. force /fɔːs/ v. 强迫；迫使；用力推动；强作（笑颜） n. 力；武力；影响力 [词汇拓展] forceful(adj.)人强有力的；意见等有说服力的；强迫的 forced(adj.)被迫的，不得已的；勉强的 [词汇搭配] force...to do.../force ...into doing...强迫...做...；force...on/upon...把...强加给... force...back强忍（不表露情感） force a smile强颜欢笑 from force of habit习惯使然;出于习惯 [词汇例句] They realized the force of her argument. 他们领悟到了她那论据的威力 [随学随练] 用force的相关表达翻译句子 (1) 她喝了一些水，强忍住了眼泪(tears)。 (2) 不要把你自己的观点强加给他人。 (3) 她勉强笑笑。 (4) 他出于习惯环顾四周，但是没人注意他。 (5) 他被迫做出了这个选择。 6. steal /stiːl/ v. 偷；窃取 [词汇拓展] <过去式>stole /ˈstəʊl/；<过去分词>stolen /ˈstəʊlən/； [词汇搭配] steal...from...从...窃取... [词汇例句] My wallet was stolen. 我的钱包给人偷了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The thief ________ a purse ________ the passenger on the ferry just now. A．steal; with B．stole; from C．steals; from D．stole; to (2) The mouse________the meat. The cat has to eat the potato instead of meat. A．steals B．will steal C．are stealing D．has stolen 7. punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ v. 惩罚；处罚 [词汇拓展] punishment(n.)惩罚，处罚 [词汇搭配] punish...for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而惩罚... [词汇例句] He was punished for refusing to answer their questions.他拒不回答他们的问题，受到了 惩罚。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Parents should teach their children to learn from their mistakes, instead of just ________ them. A．supporting B．punishing C．connecting D．suggesting 8. recently /ˈriːsntli/ adv. 最近；不久前 [词汇拓展] recent(adj.)近来的；新近的；lately(adv.)最近；不久前 [词汇例句] We received a letter from him recently. 我们不久以前收到了他的一封信。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) I haven’t seen Mike ________. I miss him very much. A．recently B．truly C．carefully D．simply 9. lost /lɒst/ adj. 迷路的；丢失的；失去的 [词汇拓展] lose(v.)丢失，失去；loss(n.)丢失；损失 [词汇搭配] get lost 迷路；be lost迷路；be lost in...全神贯注沉浸于；lost time损失的时间 [词汇用法] · lost用作形容词，表示“迷路的；丢失的；失去的”。 a lost book 一本找不到的书 We're completely lost. 我们完全迷路了。 · lost也可用作lose的过去式或过去分词。 I lost my wallet yesterday. 我昨天丢了钱包。 He has lost the ability to walk. 他已经丧失了行走的能力。 [随学随练] 用lose适当形式填空 (1) The _______ (lose) of hearing didn’t stop Beethoven from being a great musician. (2) Many parents have bought smart watches for their children so they may not get ________ (lose) in the cities. (3) I can’t find my pen. I think I ________ (lose) it yesterday. (4) I ________ (lose) ten pounds since I started this diet. 10. recommend /ˌrekəˈmend/ v. 推荐；建议 [词汇拓展] recommendation(n.)推荐，建议；advise/suggest(v.)建议；advice/suggestion(n.)建议 [词汇搭配] recommend... to... 向...推荐...；recommend sth. 推荐某物；建议某事 recommend doing...建议做某事；recommend sb. to do 建议某人做某事 recommend +that从句(从句谓语用should do结构，should可以省略) [词汇例句] I recommend (that) he should see a lawyer.我建议他去找个律师。 [随学随练] 用recommend相关表达翻译句子 (1) 你能推荐一家好的饭店吗？ (2) 我向我所有的学生都推荐这本书。 (3) 我建议你早点预定一家旅馆。(用简单句翻译) (4) 我建议你加入读书俱乐部。(用复合句翻译) 11. society /səˈsaɪəti/ n. 社会；社团 [词汇拓展] social(adj.)社会的，社交的；socialism(n.)社会主义 socialist(n.)社会主义者；(adj.)社会主义的 [词汇搭配] modern industrial societies 现代工业社会 [词汇用法] · society表示“社会”时，指以群体形式生活在一起的人的总称时，用作不可数名词。 表示共同遵守一定的习俗、法律等的特定群体时，用作可数名词。 They carried out research into the roles of men and women in today's society.他们就男人和女人在当今社会中所扮演的角色展开研究。(不可数) We live in a socialist society.我们生活在一个社会主义社会里。(可数名词) · society表示“社团”时，是可数名词。 a drama society戏剧社团 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What did your history teacher say yesterday? —He said it’s our duty to do what we can to make our ________ a better place to live in. A．society B．culture C．history D．laboratory 12. literary /ˈlɪtərəri/ adj. 文学的；文学上的 [词汇拓展] literature(n.)文学 [词汇搭配] four Chinese literary classics 中国四大名著；a literary man文人 [词汇例句] It was Chaucer who really turned English into a literary language.是乔叟使英语真正变成 了文学语言。 13. base /beɪs/ v. 以……为据点n. 根基；基础；根据地 [词汇拓展] basic(adj.)基本的；based(adj.)（以某事）为基础，为根据 [词汇搭配] base sth on sth 以……为基础（或根据）；be based on...以...为基础 cover all the bases考虑周全；面面俱到；the base of a glass玻璃杯底座 [词汇例句] They decided to base the new company in York.他们决定将新成立的公司总部设在约 克郡。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Yan’an is the ________ of China’s revolution. Many war films are ________ upon it. A．base, based B．base, base C．based, base D．based, based 3、 重难句型解析 1. 现在完成时句型 (教材原句)Yaming has chosen Journey to the West for his book report.亚明选择了《西游记》作为他的读书报告。 (教材原句)Have you ever read a science fiction novel?你读过科幻小说吗？ (教材原句)What have you read recently, Fu Xing? 复兴，你最近读过什么书？ 现在完成时的谓语动词由“have/has+动词过去分词”构成。其中have/has是助动词。 陈述句结构为：主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他。 一般疑问句结构为：have/has+主语+动词过去分词+其他? 特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词过去分词+其他? 如：He has finished his homework. 他已经完成了他的作业。 Have they arrived yet? 他们到了吗？ [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) — ________ you ever ________ the movie The Wandering Earth Ⅱ? — Yes, I have. It’s really amazing and shows the great creativity of Chinese filmmakers. A．Did; see B．Have; seen C．Do; see D．Will; see (2) —Disney _________ out its first plus-size female (女性的) leading character in a short film called Reflect recently. —Yes, many people like her very much. A．was bringing B．will bring C．has brought D．bring 2. 被动语态句型 (教材原句)A young boy is forced to steal things. 一个小男孩被迫去偷东西。 is forced是“be动词+动词的过去分词”构成的被动语态结构，表示“被...”。 如：The tree was cut down yesterday. 树昨天被砍了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) Today, many learning apps ________ by students to help with their study. A．use B．used C．are used D．were used (2) Many beautiful photos ________ on WeChat Moments every day. A．share B．shared C．are shared D．were shared 3. 定语从句 (教材原句)It's a fantasy classic about a girl who gets lost in a magical world.这是一部经典的奇幻小说，讲述了一个女孩在魔法世界中迷失的故事。 此句中who gets lost in a magical world是who引导的一个定语从句修饰前面的a girl。当修饰词是人时，通常用who或that引导定语从句；当被修饰词是物时，常用which或that引导定语从句。who/which/that在引导定语从句时，都要在从句中充当主干成分。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The man ________ helped the old man cross the street is a kind volunteer. A．which B．who C．what D．whose (2) The computer ________ my father bought for me last week works very well. A．who B．what C．where D．which 4. 宾语从句 (教材原句)Do you remember when Alice finds a tiny door?你还记得爱丽丝找到一扇小门的时候吗？ (教材原句)Then she realizes she's forgotten about the key on the table... 然后她意识到自己忘了桌子上的钥匙。... (教材原句)I guess you really love this book!我猜你真的很喜欢这本书！ 第一句中when Alice finds a tiny door是一个疑问副词when引导的宾语从句，疑问副词when,why,where, how等引导宾语从句时，在从句中不充当主干成分，一般充当状语成分。 如：I’ve forgotten when we met for the first time.我已经忘了我们第一次见面是什么时候。 第二句中的she's forgotten about the key on the table和第三句中的you really love this book是省略了引导词that的宾语从句。that引导宾语从句时没有意义，不充当成分，一般可以省略。 如：I think (that) The Roman of the Three Kingdoms is an interesting novel.我认为《三国演义》是一部有趣的小说。 此外，whether或if表示“是否”，也常用于引导宾语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分。 如：I wonder whether/if they will join us tomorrow. 我想知道他们明天是否会加入我们。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —Do you know ______ the meeting will begin? —At 9:00 tomorrow morning. A．when B．where C．how D．why (2) I don’t know ________ it will rain or not tomorrow. A．that B．when C．where D．whether 5. “主+谓+宾+宾补”句型 (教材原句)I find it interesting. 此句中it作find后的宾语，interesting补充说明it的相关情况作宾语补足语，宾语和宾语补足语共同组成复合宾语。常见后接复合宾语的动词keep,feel,leave等。 如：I find math a little hard. 我发现数学有点难。 He always makes us laugh. 他总是使我们笑。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) We should do our best to keep our Earth ________. A．clean B．to clean C．cleaned D．cleaning (2) With the teacher’s help, all the students were happy to find the Math problem ________. A．easily B．easier C．more easily D．much easy 6. 附加疑问句 (教材原句)It’s a fun story, isn’t it? 此句在一个陈述句后附加了一个问句，对前面陈述的内容进行确认，这样的疑问句成为“附加疑问句”，也叫“反意疑问句”。 当前面的陈述句表示肯定含义时，附加疑问句用否定形式；前面的陈述句表示否定含义时，附加疑问句用肯定形式。 前半部分陈述句谓语动含be动词，情态动词或其他构成时态等的助动词时，附加疑问句用这些词和主语构成，主语需改为相应等代词。前半部分陈述句若无be动词情态动词或其他构成时态等的助动词时，则借助do/does/did等构成附加疑问句。 如：Lucy has read the book more than twice, hasn’t she?露西这本书已经读了两遍多了，不是吗？ Tom knows the answer, doesn’t he? 汤姆知道答案，不是吗？ Your brother can speak little French, can he? 你弟弟几乎不会说法语，是吗？ [随学随练] 单项填空 Jane has lunch at home, ________? A．doesn’t she B．hasn’t she C．has she D．does she 4、 其他知识解析 1. read用法 read可以作动词，表示“阅读”，如：read a novel读一本小说。 read也可以用作名词，表示“好的（或有意思等的）读物”，如a good read一本好的读物。 其派生词reader用作名词，表示“读者；爱读书的人”，也可以表示“简易读物”。 2. by用法 (教材原句)I've just finished Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll. 此句中by表示“由...所作”。 如：a story by Mo Yan 莫言写的一个故事 the music by Mozart 莫扎特的音乐 a painting by Picasso 毕加索的一幅画 [随学随练] 单项填空 Look! Li Hong is reading a novel ________ the famous writer Lu Xun. A．by B．with C．about D．through 3. prefer用法 (教材原句)I've always preferred the book to the movie. prefer...to... 表示“比起...(后者)更喜欢...(前者)” 此外prefer还常用于以下结构： prefer doing A to doing B 比起做B更喜欢做A prefer to do / doing sth. 更喜欢做某事 prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 如：My grandpa prefers tea to coffee. 比起咖啡，我爷爷更喜欢茶。 I prefer staying at home to playing basketball at weekends. 周末我宁愿待在家里，也不去打篮球。 [随学随练] 用所给词的适当形式填空 (1) My brother prefers (play) basketball with his classmates after class. (2) He prefers (stay) at home rather than go out on weekends. (3) East or West, home is best. That’s why more and more people prefer (visit) their parents to going traveling during holidays. (4) The girl prefers (read) novels to (play) computer games. 4. such用法 (教材原句)such a simple story如此简单的一个故事 (教材原句)such a sad story如此悲伤的一个故事 such用作形容词，表示“这样的，那样的”，也可以用作代词，表示“这样(那样)的人或事物”。 用作形容词时，其后跟名词或以名词为中心词的短语。 so也可以表示“这样，那样”，但so用作副词，其后跟形容词或副词。 当名词前有many/much/little/few表示“多/少”修饰时，只用so，不用such。 如：such a clever girl=so clever a girl如此聪明的一个女孩 so many people如此多的人 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) It’s kind of you to teach me ________ useful knowledge and it really helps me a lot. A．so B．so a C．such D．such an (2) We got ________ little money that we could only solve ________ little problems. A．such; such B．so; such C．so; so D．such; so 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据据提示填写正确形式的单词或按照中文句子补全句子，每空一词。 (1) Hard work is the ________ (根基) of success. (2) Kevin, has your father been to Beijing on business ________ (最近)? (3) I enjoy reading ________ (小说) because I like stories about imaginary worlds. (4) The giant animal will ________ (攻击，进攻) other living things if it is in danger. (5) My parents never ________ (强迫；迫使) me to learn things I don’t like. (6) However, a bad man, Feng Meng, tried to ________ (偷，窃取) the medicine when Hou Yi was not home. (7) With the help of AI, the app can ________ (推荐) something we may like or need. (8) Li Dan has a deep love for l________ (文学的) works, often losing herself in the poems and classic novels. (9) They realized they were ________ (迷路的) when they could no longer find the path. (10) If someone pollutes the environment seriously, we must ________ (惩罚) them. (11) New technology greatly influences modern ________ (社会) in many different ways. (12) This book is such ________  ________ _________ (好的读物) that I couldn’t put it down. (13) He ________ ________ (听说) the important news on the radio. (14) The Butterfly Lovers is a modern musical ________ ________ (以……为基础) a traditional Chinese story Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai. (15) ________ ________(到目前为止), everything has gone well and nothing has gone wrong. 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) He is an ________ (adventure) man who is brave enough to face any unknown dangers. (2) The music, which was written ________ Abing, is sad but beautiful. (3) There are many famous ________ (history) places in Xi’an. (4) This flight was forced ________ (cancel) because of the snowstorm. (5) I can’t find my wallet anywhere. Someone on the bus ________ (steal) it. (6) A thief broke into the shop last night and _________ (steal) several expensive items. (7) ________ (recent), great changes have taken place in my hometown. (8) The government ________ (take) action to improve the air quality recently. (9) Bees never get ________ because they can remember the way. (lose) (10) Can you give me a ________ (recommend) for a good way to learn English words? (11) The prices are surprisingly high so his mother recommends ________ (change) their plans. (12) Mr Wu recommends us ________ (make) the clay figures with black clay. (13) Joining club activities is a good way to improve ________ (society) skills. (14) The teacher taught us the ________ (base) rules of writing a good summary. (15) I watched a movie ________ (base) on a novel the other day.It was pretty good! (16) So far, people around the world ________ (try) AI and posted their results on social media. (17) Our teacher often allows us ________ (discuss) questions in groups in class. (18) Tom has always preferred tea ________ coffee because it’s better for his health. 3. 单项填空 (1) I ________ that you watch Jiangsu City Football League (苏超) because it is so exciting! A．attack B．review C．recommend D．beat (2) —Why are you so happy, Lisa? —I found a ________ bag on my way to school and returned it to the owner. A．married B．lost C．historical D．social (3) The strong wind has _________the boy to stay indoors for hours. A．dealt B．forgotten C．attacked D．forced (4) “Tom, stop it! Don’t let your phone ________ our family time!” Dad warned at dinner. A．hide B．save C．steal D．borrow (5) Linda can hardly speak Chinese, ________? A．can’t she B．can she C．does she D．doesn’t she (6) —Look! Someone ________ the music room. —Yeah. It is so clean and makes us comfortable. A．has cleaned B．is cleaning C．cleans D．was cleaning (7) Lily is sure ________ we can be good friends. A．that B．what C．which D．if (8) All members of our ______ showed great respect to soldiers (士兵) in the military parade (阅兵仪式) on September 3rd 2025. A．safety B．popularity C．society D．electricity (9) — Have you ________ read The Three-Body Problem? — No, I’ve ________ heard of it. A．ever; never B．never; ever C．already; yet D．yet; already (10) Mary ________ reading the book last week and she ________ 50 pages so far. A．has started; finished B．has started; has finished C．started; has finished D．started; finished 4. 选择填空 A historical, steal, fiction, punish, attack 1．Reading good stories can help us understand different times. 2．If someone breaks the rules, he should be . 3．This book is full of imagination and new ideas. 4．In the story, bad men the small village at night. 5．The bad man money from the rich and was caught by the police. B 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使其通顺、连贯，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。方框中有两个词为多余项。 hurry  million  sudden  full  success  be  she  introduce  hate  read  object  belong Matilda was written by the British writer Roald Dahl. He was one of the most 1 writers in the world. For years, his books have been popular among 2 of children around the world. The book tells stories of a five-year-old girl named Matilda. She is very kind and talented. And she enjoys 3 . Matilda has read all children’s books in the library. She can even solve hard problems by 4 . Although Matilda is such a good girl, her parents treat her terribly. After she goes to school, Matilda is not happy at school, either. Miss Trunchbull, the head teacher, 5 every child and she always beats her students. Later, Matilda meets Miss Honey, a warm-hearted teacher. She always tells Matilda 6 happy. Then Matilda 7 finds that she has a special power—she can move and control 8 with her mind. She uses the power to fight back. She also uses the power to help Miss Honey. I 9 the book Matilda to my friends already. And they all like it. What’s more, the whole story is 10 of funny parts. If you read the book, you’ll laugh from beginning to end. 5. 翻译句子 (1) 我还从来没有忘记那次特别的旅行。 (2) 你读过《爱丽丝梦游仙境》了吗？ (3) 我喜欢看根据小说改编的电影。 (4) 到目前为止，我们已经种植了超过100棵树。 (5) 如果你从未读过中国古代经典小说，我推荐《西游记》。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $