Unit 8 Make a Difference (Section A) 核心知识点精讲精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元全方位精练（新教材人教版）

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过思维导图构建“Make a Difference”单元Section A的知识体系，涵盖重点短语、核心词汇、重难句型及其他知识板块，并用表格梳理短语中英对照，以层级化结构呈现词汇拓展、搭配及句型用法，清晰展现知识内在联系与重难点分布。 讲义亮点在于“随学随练+知识过关”的分层练习设计，如词汇解析中通过provide/offer/supply辨析题培养语言能力，句型部分用“for+时间段”与现在完成时翻译题提升思维品质。多样化题型（单项填空、翻译句子等）满足不同学生需求，助力自主复习，为教师实施精准教学提供系统支持。

Unit 8 Make a Difference 核心知识点精讲 1 (Section A) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有"知识过关练习"，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section A部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. *make a difference 有作用；有影响 2. clean up 打扫；清理 3. guide visitors 引导游客 4. *the elderly 老人；上了年纪的人 5. give directions 指路；指引方向 6. plant trees 植树 7. sort waste 垃圾分类 8. pick up 捡起；拾起 9. look after 照顾；照料 10. how long 多久；多长时间 11. feed animals 喂养动物 12. train animals 训练动物 13. take care of sick animals 照料生病的动物 14. collect donations 募集捐款 15. walk dogs 遛狗 16. inspire sb. to do 激励某人做某事 17. how often 多久一次（询问频率） 18. once a week 一周一次 19. at an animal shelter 在动物收容所 20. have an interview with 采访；与…… 面谈 21. used to 过去常常；曾经 22. if so 如果是这样的话 23. do some volunteer work 做志愿服务 24. *nursing home 养老院；疗养院 25. stay active 保持活力；积极活动 26. play Chinese chess 下中国象棋 27. one day （将来）有一天；（过去）某一天 28. care for 照顾；关爱；喜欢 29. *come along 赶快；跟着来 30. the Red Cross 红十字会 31. join the organization 加入该组织 32. a primary school 一所小学 33. *help out 分担工作；帮忙做 34. a charity match 慈善比赛 35. get lost 迷路；走失 2、 重点词汇解析 1. visitor /'vɪzɪtə(r)/ n. 参观者；来访者 [词汇拓展] visit(v./n.)参观 [词汇搭配] guide visitors引导游客 [词汇例句] The theme park attracts 2.5 million visitors a year. 这个主题乐园每年吸引250万游客。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The ancient town is a famous scenic spot and receives thousands of ________ every year. A．managers B．audiences C．visitors D．detectives 2. elderly /'eldəli/ adj. 年纪较大的; 上了年纪的 [词汇拓展] old(n.)年老的；elder(adj.)更年老的，年纪更大的；older(adj.)年纪更大的；更旧的 [词汇搭配] the elderly 老人；上了年纪的人；an elderly couple一对老年夫妇 [词汇例句] She does some voluntary work, caring for the elderly. 她干一些照顾老人的义务工作。 [随学随练] 单项填空 My ________ brother volunteers at the nursing home to help the ________. A．elder, elderly B．elderly, elder C．older, elder D．eldest, elderly 3. organization /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ (=organisation) n. 组织；团体；机构 [词汇拓展] organize(v.)组织；organized(adj.)有条理的；organizational(adj.)组织的 organizer(n.)组织者 [词汇搭配] a beach clean-up organization一个沙滩清洁组织 the World Health Organization世界卫生组织 [词汇例句] Li Zhijun is a member of the bird protection organization.李志军是鸟保护组织的成员。 [随学随练] 用organize的适当形式填空 (1) It is necessary for us __________ (organize) more activities to help students in need. (2) The ________ (organize) helps poor people around the world. (3) Tina is an ________ (organize) person, so her desk is always tidy. (4) Joanna is the ________ of our class party. (organize) 4. provide /prəˈvaɪd/ v. 提供；给予 [词汇拓展] provider(n.)供应者，提供者；provision(n.)提供，供给 offer(v.)主动提供；提议；supply(v.)供应，供 [词汇搭配] provide information about...提供关于...的信息 provide sb. with sth.(provide sth. for sb.)提供某物给某人 [词汇辨析] provide / offer / supply · provide意为"提供，给予" ,常用搭配为:"provide sb. with sth.(=provide sth. for sb.)提供某物给某人"。 We’ll provide a free notebook for you. 我们将会提供一本免费的笔记本给您。 · offer通常表示"主动提供，自愿给予"，常用搭配为:"offer sth. to sb.(=offer sb. sth.)主动提供某物给某人"。 He offered to drive me to the station. 他主动提议送我去车站。 · supply尤指"大量的供应，供给"，常用搭配为:"supply sb./sth. with sth.(=supply sth. to sb./sth.供应某物给某人/某物"。 Local schools supply many of the volunteers.许多志愿者来自当地学校。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) This movie theater ________ people ________ the most comfortable seats. A．provides; for B．offers; to C．provides; with D．offers; for (2) The volunteers need to ________ help and support to the athletes. A．take B．provide C．receive D．refuse 5. owner /ˈəʊnə(r)/ n. 主人；物主 [词汇拓展] own(v.)拥有；(adj.)自己的 [词汇搭配] owners of lost pet 丢失宠物的主人 [词汇辨析] owner / master / host · owner指的拥有某物的人，即“物主”。 · master指“狗的男主人”。 · host指相对于客人而言的“主任”；或表示“东道主，主办国(或城市、机构)”。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Are you the ________ of the Benz car? —No, I’m not. But I hope to have one of my ________ some day. A．own ; self B．owner ; owners C．own ; own D．owner ; own 6. donation /dəʊˈneɪʃn/ n. 捐赠物；捐赠 [词汇拓展] donate(v.)捐赠 [词汇搭配] make a donation to charity向慈善事业捐赠；a small donation少量捐赠 [词汇例句] Many people support us through donations or voluntary work. 许多人通过捐款或志愿 工作来支持我们。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The school received a large ________ from a local businessman to build a new science lab. A．donation B．invention C．competition D．invitation 7. interviewer /ˈɪntəvjuːə(r)/ n. 面试官；采访者 [词汇拓展] interview(v./n.)面试；采访；interviewee(n.)参加面试者；被采访者 [词汇例句] She made a good impression on the interviewer.她给主持面试官留下了很好的印象。 [随学随练] 单项填空 During the job interview, the ________ asked me about my previous work experience and my strengths. A．interviewee B．interviewer C．volunteer D．customer 8. active /ˈæktɪv/ adj. 活跃的；积极的 [词汇拓展] actively(adv.) 积极地；活跃地；act(v.)行动；action(n.)行动；inactive(adj.)不活跃的 [词汇搭配] stay active 保持积极；take an active part in 积极参加 [词汇例句] Although he's nearly 80, he is still very active. 尽管快80岁了，他还是十分活跃。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) My deskmate is really ________. She likes to attend different activities after school. A．active B．act C．actor D．actress (2) Mr. Li is one of ________ in our community because he organizes recycling activities every week. A．active volunteer B．most active volunteer C．the most active volunteers D．the active volunteers 9. primary /ˈpraɪməri/ adj. 小学教育的；首要的，最重要的；最初的，最早的 [词汇拓展] primarily(adv.)主要地；根本地 [词汇搭配] primary school小学；primary goal首要目标；primary causes最初的原因 [词汇例句] The disease is still in its primary stage. 这病尚处于初始阶段。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Linda has finished her _________education and will study in a middle school. A．primary B．strict C．voluntary D．separate 10. charity /ˈtʃærəti/ n. 慈善机构（或组织）；慈善事业；仁慈，仁爱 [词汇拓展] (pl.)charities；charitable(adj.)慈善团体的；慈善的，行善的；仁爱的 [词汇搭配] a charity match一场慈善赛；charity begins at home博爱始于自家 [词汇例句] The concert will raise money for local charities. 这场音乐会将为当地慈善机构募捐。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The filmmakers should pay more attention to improving the ________ of a film than making more money. A．quality B．position C．charity D．personality (2) WWF is one of the ________ in the world. The group focuses on protecting forests, rivers,oceans and so on. A．banks B．schools C．businesses D．charities 11. warmly /ˈwɔːmli/ adv. 热情地；温暖地 [词汇拓展] warm(adj.)温暖的，热情的；warmth(n.)温暖，热情 [词汇搭配] thanked me warmly热情的感谢我；greet sb. warmly热情地和某人打招呼 [词汇例句] Mrs. Wu hugged them warmly. 吴夫人热情的拥抱了他们。 [随学随练] 单项填空 When we ________ in Nanchang, we were ________ welcomed by our friends at the airport. A．reached; warmly B．arrived; warmly C．reached; warm D．arrived; warm 3、 重难句型解析 1. "for+时间段"与现在完成时 (教材原句)But one of my friends has volunteered here for a long time. for a long time表示"持续很长时间"，句子常用现在完成时，且谓语动词是延续性动词。 否定结构中，可用非延续性动词的现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。 如：He has lived here for five years. 他已经在这住了五年了。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 我们已经很久没见到他了。 (2) Alice已经做了5年的志愿者了。 2. "since+时刻"与现在完成时 (教材原句)She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August. (教材原句)He has volunteered here since his summer holidays started. since可以用作介词或连词，表示"自从..."，其前面的主语通常用现在完成时，且谓语动词是延续性动词。否定结构中，可用非延续性动词的现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。 如：David has worked as a volunteer since he moved to the city. 戴维搬到这座城市后就一直做志愿者。 The boys haven’t bought any clothes since last year.这些男孩从去年起就没买过衣服了。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 自从读了这本书，我就对中国历史产生了兴趣。 (2) 从去年9月份以来，Mr. Green在一所乡村教书。 3. It’s+n.+to do 句型 (教材原句)It’s everyone’s duty to look after it! 此句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to look after it。It’s+n.+to do...句型中常见名词有fact, honor, belief, no wonder, no doubt等。 如：It is tradition to get together and have a big meal on festivals. 节日团聚并聚餐是一个传统。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 保护环境人人有责。 4. It’s+adj.+to do 句型 (教材原句)It’s important to care for the elderly. (教材原句)It’s fun to volunteer together. 这两句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。 如：It is impolite to shout in public places. 在公共场合大声喊叫是不礼貌的。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 我们有必要学会如何以正确的方式帮助他人。 5. so...that...结果状语从句 (教材原句)The stadium was so big that they got lost. so...that...表示"如此...以至于..."，so后接形容词或副词，that后接一个结果状语从句。 such...that...也表示"如此...以至于..."，such后接名词或名词短语。 如：The book is so interesting that every girl likes it.这本书如此有趣，所有女孩都喜欢它。 It’s such an interesting book that every girl likes it.这本书如此有趣，所有女孩都喜欢它。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 菜肴太美味了，以至于他把所有的食物都吃光了。 4、 其他知识解析 1. have been to用法 (教材原句)Have you been to our animal shelter before? have been to 表示"曾经去过某地"，已从该地回来。 have gone to表示"已经去了某地"，表示去了某地还没有回来，或在去某地的过程中。 have been in 表示"待在某地（现在还没走）"，侧重持续状态。 如：I have been to Beijing three times.我去过北京三次了。 It can’t be Mr. Green. He has gone to Ningbo. 不可能是格林先生，他去宁波了。 He has been in Shanghai for three years. 他在上海已经三年了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —Have you seen the film Blades of the Guardians (镖人) yet? —Not yet, but my cousin ________ the filming location (地点) in Xinjiang twice. He said that the views there are amazing. A．went to B．has gone to C．has been to D．has been in (2) —Where is Tom? We are going to have a picnic with him. —He ________ the hospital to look after his grandma. A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．has arrived in 2. how短语引导疑问句 (教材原句)How long have you been a volunteer? (教材原句)How often can you volunteer? how与一些形容词或副词组成短语，用于引导特殊疑问句。常见的有：how long询问“多长时间；多长”；how often询问频度，“多久一次”；how soon询问还需要多久完成某事或开始做某事；how many询问数量；how much询问数量或价格；how large询问面积“多大”。 如：How soon will you finish your task? 还要多久你能完成你任务？ [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) — I wonder how long you ________ the “Yangtze River Protection” project. — Wait a minute. Let me check it out. A．have begun B．have joined C．have been in D．have been over (2) — How long ________ you ________ here? — For two years. A．have; lived B．did; live C．do; live D．will; live 3. 疑问词+to do (教材原句)I’ve even taught some of them how to use a mobile phone. 不定式可与what,how,where,when,which等疑问词连用，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。 如：I don't know how to solve this problem.我不知道如何解决这个问题。 [随学随练] 单项填空 I don’t know what ________ for my little sister. A．buys B．buying C．bought D．to buy 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据据提示填写正确形式的单词或按照中文句子补全句子，每空一词。 (1) The football players are very ________ (活跃的) and try their best for their cities. (2) Millions of v________ (参观者) from abroad come to China every year. (3) My friend joined a(n) ________ (组织) to protect animals in our city last month. (4) This is a new ________ (体育馆) in our school. (5) Parents try their best to p________ (提供) better education for their children. (6) The ________ (主人) of the pet was very happy to find his dog again. (7) Mary has looked after the ________ (上了年纪的人) in the nursing home for two years. (8) Many kind people gave________ (捐赠物) to the disaster area to help people there. (9) Many international __________ (慈善机构) work together to provide food and shelter for refugees. (10) Please write down all the ________ names clearly on the board! (采访者) (11) There are ten members in the ________ (青年) group. (12) Lots of young man choose to join the ________ (军队) so that they can protect their motherland. (13) The ________ (士兵) often help local villagers with farm work when they have free time. (14) One of the most ________ (首要的) goals of education is to help children learn how to think. (15) I’d still be glad to ________ ________ (分担工作) with any of the party preparations. (16) My grandmother moved into a ________ ________ (养老院) after she came to need round-the-clock medical care. (17) We’re going for a walk—why don’t you ________ ________ (跟着来)? (18) Everyone can ________ ________ ________(产生影响)to the environmental protection in their daily life. 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) There are many ________ (visit) coming to our city every summer vacation. (2) They _________ a trip to Oxford for me at the weekend. (organization) (3) Middle schools have already provided students ________ classes to learn basic life skills. (4) The ________ (own) opened his garden and shared fresh tomatoes with neighbours. (5) Many people ________ (donate) food and water to the homeless people after the heavy rain last week. (6) My mother often ________ (donate) money to help homeless people. (7) The ________ asked an awful question during the ________, which made the ________ quite angry. (interview) (8) We should take part in all kinds of competitions ________ (active). (9) The villagers ________ (warm) welcomed the tired traveller and offered him food. (10) Since the 2026 Spring Festival Gala, Wuxi ________ (grow) into a popular city mixing technology and culture. (11) When the fireworks suddenly went off in the sky, the birds around flew away quickly in every ________ (direct). (12) I think it’s everyone’s duty ________ (look) after the environment. (13) Could you tell me how ________ (improve) my computer skills? (14) —When ________ you ________ (marry)?   —In 2020. So I ________ (marry) for 6 years. 3. 单项填空 (1) China is working hard to achieve the “double carbon” goal (双碳目标). We can all ________ by saving energy in daily life. A．make a difference B．make a mistake C．make a decision D．make a plan (2) —Look! Whose car is this? No parking here! —Mr. White is the ________ of the car. I will call him to move it at once. A．visitor B．actor C．doctor D．owner (3) —Why are you taking a basket with you for shopping? —Because the store doesn’t ________ shopping bags for shoppers in order to protect the environment. A．lend B．offer C．provide D．collect (4) Li Ming does well in schoolwork and he is ________ in class. A．terrible B．possible C．active D．afraid (5) We are planning a trip to the beach this weekend. Would you like to ______? A．come along B．come true C．come out D．come back (6) We should pay ________ attention to the safety of students during outdoor activities. A．primary B．hardly C．lonely D．friendly (7) —________ do you visit your grandparents? —Twice a month. But I don’t know exactly ________ they have lived in the countryside. A．How soon; how long B．How often; how long C．How long; how soon D．How far; how old (8) I ________ afraid of speaking in public, but now I am confident enough. A．am B．was C．have been D．will be (9) He ________ plenty of money to the people in the earthquake (地震) area ________. A．gave out; to give them up B．gave away; help out them C．gave out; give them up D．gave away; to help them out (10) —Where are the Smiths? I don’ t see them. —They ________ Inner Mongolia for their summer holiday and they ________ there for two days. A．have gone to; have been to B．have been to; have gone C．have gone to; have been D．have been to; have been in (11) —How long ________ your parents ________ Xi’an? —For two weeks. They are having a wonderful time there. A．have; gone in B．have; been to C．have; gone to D．have; been in (12) —I don’t know ________ when we are in trouble at school. — Our teachers and friends are always the first choice. A．how can I face them B．who to talk about C．who to ask for help D．what I can do 4. 选择填空 A 根据句意用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。 stadium   visitor   provide   organize   direction charity  primary  army  youth  warm 1．When my new classmate couldn’t find the library, I gave her quick to get there. 2．As an environmental protection , OWAUR only accepts old women as its members. 3．Lots of went to the exhibition in Sanxingdui Museum in Sichuan Province last week. 4．After school, we will clean the to make it tidy for the coming sports meeting. 5．Mr. Wang many school things for children in poor areas last Children’s Day. 6．He spent his in a small town by the sea. 7．My mother welcomed my friends when they visited our house. 8．Our school raised a lot of money for different last year. 9．He joined the at the age of eighteen. 10．Mrs Brown teaches at a school in London. B 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。每个短语限用一次。 look after  feed animals  clean up  collect donations  make a difference 1．Our school often for students who need medical care. 2．The volunteers have the injured cats in this park for a long time. 3．Even small acts of kindness can to people around us. 4．You should wash your hands after you to keep healthy. 5．My mom asks me to my desk every evening after doing homework. C 选用方框中的短语填空（每个限用一次） stay active; care for the elderly ; share with us; volunteer together ;come along 1．Teng Fei exercises with the elderly to help them . 2．It is important to . We will all be old one day. 3．The elderly have interesting life stories to . 4．Ella says, “Can I join your group? I’d love to help.” Teng Fei says, “Yes, !” 5．It’s fun to . 5. 翻译句子 (1) 自从来到扬州，他就一直住在这里吗? (2) 李老师将提供许多关于餐桌礼仪的建议。 (3) 这场激动人心的表演已经开始两个半小时了。 (4) 我甚至还教过他们中的一些人如何使用手机。 (5) 关爱老人是很重要的。 (6) 上周当我迷路时，一位善良的人给我指了路。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Make a Difference 核心知识点精讲 1 (Section A) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有"知识过关练习"，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section A部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. *make a difference 有作用；有影响 2. clean up 打扫；清理 3. guide visitors 引导游客 4. *the elderly 老人；上了年纪的人 5. give directions 指路；指引方向 6. plant trees 植树 7. sort waste 垃圾分类 8. pick up 捡起；拾起 9. look after 照顾；照料 10. how long 多久；多长时间 11. feed animals 喂养动物 12. train animals 训练动物 13. take care of sick animals 照料生病的动物 14. collect donations 募集捐款 15. walk dogs 遛狗 16. inspire sb. to do 激励某人做某事 17. how often 多久一次（询问频率） 18. once a week 一周一次 19. at an animal shelter 在动物收容所 20. have an interview with 采访；与…… 面谈 21. used to 过去常常；曾经 22. if so 如果是这样的话 23. do some volunteer work 做志愿服务 24. *nursing home 养老院；疗养院 25. stay active 保持活力；积极活动 26. play Chinese chess 下中国象棋 27. one day （将来）有一天；（过去）某一天 28. care for 照顾；关爱；喜欢 29. *come along 赶快；跟着来 30. the Red Cross 红十字会 31. join the organization 加入该组织 32. a primary school 一所小学 33. *help out 分担工作；帮忙做 34. a charity match 慈善比赛 35. get lost 迷路；走失 2、 重点词汇解析 1. visitor /'vɪzɪtə(r)/ n. 参观者；来访者 [词汇拓展] visit(v./n.)参观 [词汇搭配] guide visitors引导游客 [词汇例句] The theme park attracts 2.5 million visitors a year. 这个主题乐园每年吸引250万游客。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The ancient town is a famous scenic spot and receives thousands of ________ every year. A．managers B．audiences C．visitors D．detectives 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这座古镇是一个著名的景点，每年接待成千上万的游客。 考查名词辨析。managers经理；audiences观众；visitors游客；detectives侦探。根据前文“a famous scenic spot”可知，景点接待的应是游客。故选C。 2. elderly /'eldəli/ adj. 年纪较大的; 上了年纪的 [词汇拓展] old(n.)年老的；elder(adj.)更年老的，年纪更大的；older(adj.)年纪更大的；更旧的 [词汇搭配] the elderly 老人；上了年纪的人；an elderly couple一对老年夫妇 [词汇例句] She does some voluntary work, caring for the elderly. 她干一些照顾老人的义务工作。 [随学随练] 单项填空 My ________ brother volunteers at the nursing home to help the ________. A．elder, elderly B．elderly, elder C．older, elder D．eldest, elderly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的哥哥在养老院做志愿者，帮助老年人。 elder年长的（用于兄弟姊妹间长幼排序）；elderly老年人；older更老的（表年龄大小比较）；eldest最年长的（三者及以上比较）。第一空表“哥哥”（兄弟间长幼）用elder，第二空表“老年人”用the elderly，应填elder, elderly。 3. organization /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ (=organisation) n. 组织；团体；机构 [词汇拓展] organize(v.)组织；organized(adj.)有条理的；organizational(adj.)组织的 organizer(n.)组织者 [词汇搭配] a beach clean-up organization一个沙滩清洁组织 the World Health Organization世界卫生组织 [词汇例句] Li Zhijun is a member of the bird protection organization.李志军是鸟保护组织的成员。 [随学随练] 用organize的适当形式填空 (1) It is necessary for us __________ (organize) more activities to help students in need. 【答案】to organize 【详解】句意：我们有必要组织更多活动来帮助有需要的学生。本句为“It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”结构，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。因此需填动词不定式to organize。 (2) The ________ (organize) helps poor people around the world. 【答案】organization 【详解】句意：这个组织帮助世界各地的穷人。句中“The”为定冠词，后面需要接名词作主语，动词“organize”的名词形式是“organization”，表示“组织”，且谓语动词“helps”为第三人称单数形式，主语应为单数。 (3) Tina is an ________ (organize) person, so her desk is always tidy. 【答案】organized 【详解】句意：蒂娜是一个有条理的人，所以她的办公桌总是整洁的。此处是形容词修饰名词person，organize“组织”是动词，其形容词形式是organized“有条理的”。 (4) Joanna is the ________ of our class party. (organize) 【答案】organizer 【详解】句意：乔安娜是我们班级聚会的组织者。定冠词“the”后需接可数名词单数形式，表示某一身份或职位。“organize”为动词，其名词形式“organizer”意为“组织者”。 4. provide /prəˈvaɪd/ v. 提供；给予 [词汇拓展] provider(n.)供应者，提供者；provision(n.)提供，供给 offer(v.)主动提供；提议；supply(v.)供应，供 [词汇搭配] provide information about...提供关于...的信息 provide sb. with sth.(provide sth. for sb.)提供某物给某人 [词汇辨析] provide / offer / supply · provide意为"提供，给予" ,常用搭配为:"provide sb. with sth.(=provide sth. for sb.)提供某物给某人"。 We’ll provide a free notebook for you. 我们将会提供一本免费的笔记本给您。 · offer通常表示"主动提供，自愿给予"，常用搭配为:"offer sth. to sb.(=offer sb. sth.)主动提供某物给某人"。 He offered to drive me to the station. 他主动提议送我去车站。 · supply尤指"大量的供应，供给"，常用搭配为:"supply sb./sth. with sth.(=supply sth. to sb./sth.供应某物给某人/某物"。 Local schools supply many of the volunteers.许多志愿者来自当地学校。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) This movie theater ________ people ________ the most comfortable seats. A．provides; for B．offers; to C．provides; with D．offers; for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这家电影院为人们提供最舒适的座椅。 provides提供，provide sth. for sb./provide sb. with sth.把某物提供给某人；offer提供，offer sth. to sb.把某物提供给某人。根据句子结构“This movie theater ... people ... the most comfortable seats”可知，people和seats的位置需要“为某人提供某物”的固定搭配，即provide sb. with sth.，应填provides；with。 (2) The volunteers need to ________ help and support to the athletes. A．take B．provide C．receive D．refuse 【答案】B 【详解】句意：志愿者们需要向运动员提供帮助和支持。 take拿走；provide提供；receive收到；refuse拒绝。根据主语“The volunteers”（志愿者）的职责可知，他们是给予帮助的一方，且provide sth. to sb.为固定搭配，符合语境。应填provide。 5. owner /ˈəʊnə(r)/ n. 主人；物主 [词汇拓展] own(v.)拥有；(adj.)自己的 [词汇搭配] owners of lost pet 丢失宠物的主人 [词汇辨析] owner / master / host · owner指的拥有某物的人，即“物主”。 · master指“狗的男主人”。 · host指相对于客人而言的“主任”；或表示“东道主，主办国(或城市、机构)”。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Are you the ________ of the Benz car? —No, I’m not. But I hope to have one of my ________ some day. A．own ; self B．owner ; owners C．own ; own D．owner ; own 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你是那辆奔驰车的主人吗？——不，我不是。但我希望有一天我也能有一辆。 考查名词和短语。own拥有，自己的，动词或形容词；owner拥有者，名词。根据“Are you the…of the Benz car”可知，第一空指的是车子的主人，填名词owner；第二空考查of one’s own“某人自己的”，为固定短语。故选D。 6. donation /dəʊˈneɪʃn/ n. 捐赠物；捐赠 [词汇拓展] donate(v.)捐赠 [词汇搭配] make a donation to charity向慈善事业捐赠；a small donation少量捐赠 [词汇例句] Many people support us through donations or voluntary work. 许多人通过捐款或志愿 工作来支持我们。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The school received a large ________ from a local businessman to build a new science lab. A．donation B．invention C．competition D．invitation 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学校收到了一位当地商人的一大笔捐赠，用于建造一个新的科学实验室。 donation捐赠；invention发明；competition比赛；invitation邀请。根据“to build a new science lab”可知，建造实验室需要资金支持，商人提供的应是捐赠。故选A。 7. interviewer /ˈɪntəvjuːə(r)/ n. 面试官；采访者 [词汇拓展] interview(v./n.)面试；采访；interviewee(n.)参加面试者；被采访者 [词汇例句] She made a good impression on the interviewer.她给主持面试官留下了很好的印象。 [随学随练] 单项填空 During the job interview, the ________ asked me about my previous work experience and my strengths. A．interviewee B．interviewer C．volunteer D．customer 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在求职面试期间，面试官询问了我关于之前的工作经验和优点。 interviewee被面试者；interviewer面试官；volunteer志愿者；customer顾客。根据“During the job interview”和“asked me about...”可知，在面试中负责提问的人是“面试官”。应填interviewer。 8. active /ˈæktɪv/ adj. 活跃的；积极的 [词汇拓展] actively(adv.) 积极地；活跃地；act(v.)行动；action(n.)行动；inactive(adj.)不活跃的 [词汇搭配] stay active 保持积极；take an active part in 积极参加 [词汇例句] Although he's nearly 80, he is still very active. 尽管快80岁了，他还是十分活跃。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) My deskmate is really ________. She likes to attend different activities after school. A．active B．act C．actor D．actress 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的同桌真的很活跃。她喜欢参加课后不同的活动。 active活跃的，积极的；act行动，表演；actor男演员；actress女演员。根据“She likes to attend different activities after school.”可知，她喜欢参加各种活动，空前有is，因此空处应填形容词，应填active。 (2) Mr. Li is one of ________ in our community because he organizes recycling activities every week. A．active volunteer B．most active volunteer C．the most active volunteers D．the active volunteers 【答案】C 【详解】句意：李先生是我们社区最积极的志愿者之一，因为他每周组织回收活动。 “one of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词”是固定搭配，意为“最……的……之一”。应填the most active volunteers。 9. primary /ˈpraɪməri/ adj. 小学教育的；首要的，最重要的；最初的，最早的 [词汇拓展] primarily(adv.)主要地；根本地 [词汇搭配] primary school小学；primary goal首要目标；primary causes最初的原因 [词汇例句] The disease is still in its primary stage. 这病尚处于初始阶段。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Linda has finished her _________education and will study in a middle school. A．primary B．strict C．voluntary D．separate 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Linda完成了她的初等教育，将在一所中学学习。 primary初等的/小学的；strict严格的；voluntary自愿的；separate分开的。根据“will study in a middle school”可知，她即将上中学，因此已完成的是初等教育（小学），primary education意为“初等教育”。 10. charity /ˈtʃærəti/ n. 慈善机构（或组织）；慈善事业；仁慈，仁爱 [词汇拓展] (pl.)charities；charitable(adj.)慈善团体的；慈善的，行善的；仁爱的 [词汇搭配] a charity match一场慈善赛；charity begins at home博爱始于自家 [词汇例句] The concert will raise money for local charities. 这场音乐会将为当地慈善机构募捐。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The filmmakers should pay more attention to improving the ________ of a film than making more money. A．quality B．position C．charity D．personality 【答案】A 【详解】句意：电影制作人应该把更多的注意力放在提高电影的质量上，而不是赚更多的钱。 考查名词辨析。quality质量；position位置；charity慈善；personality人格。根据题干“The filmmakers should pay more attention to improving the…of a film than making more money”，可知质量比钱重要，故选A。 (2) WWF is one of the ________ in the world. The group focuses on protecting forests, rivers,oceans and so on. A．banks B．schools C．businesses D．charities 【答案】D 【详解】句意：世界自然基金会是世界上的慈善机构之一。该组织专注于保护森林、河流、海洋等。 考查名词辨析。banks银行；schools学校；businesses商业；charities慈善机构。根据WWF和“The group focuses on protecting forests, rivers,oceans and so on”可知，这是一个专注于保护森林、河流、海洋的慈善结构，故选D。 11. warmly /ˈwɔːmli/ adv. 热情地；温暖地 [词汇拓展] warm(adj.)温暖的，热情的；warmth(n.)温暖，热情 [词汇搭配] thanked me warmly热情的感谢我；greet sb. warmly热情地和某人打招呼 [词汇例句] Mrs. Wu hugged them warmly. 吴夫人热情的拥抱了他们。 [随学随练] 单项填空 When we ________ in Nanchang, we were ________ welcomed by our friends at the airport. A．reached; warmly B．arrived; warmly C．reached; warm D．arrived; warm 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我们到达南昌时，我们在机场受到了朋友们的热烈欢迎。 考查动词和副词的用法。arrived到达，通常与at或in连用，表示到达某个地点；reached到达，通常直接接地点名词；warm温暖的，形容词；warmly温暖地，副词。根据“…in Nanchang”可知，第一个空填arrived；再由“…welcomed by our friends at the airport.”可知，第二个空用副词修饰动词welcomed。故选B。 3、 重难句型解析 1. "for+时间段"与现在完成时 (教材原句)But one of my friends has volunteered here for a long time. for a long time表示"持续很长时间"，句子常用现在完成时，且谓语动词是延续性动词。 否定结构中，可用非延续性动词的现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。 如：He has lived here for five years. 他已经在这住了五年了。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 我们已经很久没见到他了。 We haven’t seen him for a long time. (2) Alice已经做了5年的志愿者了。 Alice has been a volunteer for five years. 2. "since+时刻"与现在完成时 (教材原句)She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August. (教材原句)He has volunteered here since his summer holidays started. since可以用作介词或连词，表示"自从..."，其前面的主语通常用现在完成时，且谓语动词是延续性动词。否定结构中，可用非延续性动词的现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。 如：David has worked as a volunteer since he moved to the city. 戴维搬到这座城市后就一直做志愿者。 The boys haven’t bought any clothes since last year.这些男孩从去年起就没买过衣服了。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 自从读了这本书，我就对中国历史产生了兴趣。 I have been interested in Chinese history since I read the book. (2) 从去年9月份以来，Mr. Green在一所乡村教书。 Mr. Green has taught in a village school since last September. 3. It’s+n.+to do 句型 (教材原句)It’s everyone’s duty to look after it! 此句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to look after it。It’s+n.+to do...句型中常见名词有fact, honor, belief, no wonder, no doubt等。 如：It is tradition to get together and have a big meal on festivals. 节日团聚并聚餐是一个传统。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 保护环境人人有责。 It’s everyone’s duty to protect the environment. 4. It’s+adj.+to do 句型 (教材原句)It’s important to care for the elderly. (教材原句)It’s fun to volunteer together. 这两句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。 如：It is impolite to shout in public places. 在公共场合大声喊叫是不礼貌的。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 我们有必要学会如何以正确的方式帮助他人。 It is necessary for us to learn how to help others in a proper way. 5. so...that...结果状语从句 (教材原句)The stadium was so big that they got lost. so...that...表示"如此...以至于..."，so后接形容词或副词，that后接一个结果状语从句。 such...that...也表示"如此...以至于..."，such后接名词或名词短语。 如：The book is so interesting that every girl likes it.这本书如此有趣，所有女孩都喜欢它。 It’s such an interesting book that every girl likes it.这本书如此有趣，所有女孩都喜欢它。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 菜肴太美味了，以至于他把所有的食物都吃光了。 The dishes were so delicious that he ate up all the food. 4、 其他知识解析 1. have been to用法 (教材原句)Have you been to our animal shelter before? have been to 表示"曾经去过某地"，已从该地回来。 have gone to表示"已经去了某地"，表示去了某地还没有回来，或在去某地的过程中。 have been in 表示"待在某地（现在还没走）"，侧重持续状态。 如：I have been to Beijing three times.我去过北京三次了。 It can’t be Mr. Green. He has gone to Ningbo. 不可能是格林先生，他去宁波了。 He has been in Shanghai for three years. 他在上海已经三年了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —Have you seen the film Blades of the Guardians (镖人) yet? —Not yet, but my cousin ________ the filming location (地点) in Xinjiang twice. He said that the views there are amazing. A．went to B．has gone to C．has been to D．has been in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你看过电影《镖人》了吗？——还没有，但是我的表弟去过新疆的拍摄地点两次。他说那里的景色很棒。 went to去了（一般过去时）；has gone to去了某地（还未回来）；has been to去过某地（已回来）；has been in在某地（持续状态）。此处需要一个动词短语，在句中表示“去过某地且已返回”的经历。因为句中提到“twice（两次）”，强调过去的经历对现在的影响，且表弟已经回来，has been to符合语境；went to为一般过去时，不强调对现在的影响；has gone to表示人还在某地；has been in强调在某地的持续状态，均不符合语境。应填has been to。 (2) —Where is Tom? We are going to have a picnic with him. —He ________ the hospital to look after his grandma. A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．has arrived in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Tom在哪里？我们打算和他一起去野餐。——他去医院照顾他的奶奶了。 has gone to已经去了，表示去了某地，或者在去某地的路上；has been to去过，表示去了某地又回来了；has been in一直在，表示待在某地；has arrived in已经到了，表示已经到达某地，介词in后常跟较大的地方，如国家、城市；hospital是小地方，故不能使用此结构。根据“look after his grandma”可知，Tom去了医院，没有回来。故选has gone to。 2. how短语引导疑问句 (教材原句)How long have you been a volunteer? (教材原句)How often can you volunteer? how与一些形容词或副词组成短语，用于引导特殊疑问句。常见的有：how long询问“多长时间；多长”；how often询问频度，“多久一次”；how soon询问还需要多久完成某事或开始做某事；how many询问数量；how much询问数量或价格；how large询问面积“多大”。 如：How soon will you finish your task? 还要多久你能完成你任务？ [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) — I wonder how long you ________ the “Yangtze River Protection” project. — Wait a minute. Let me check it out. A．have begun B．have joined C．have been in D．have been over 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我想知道你参加“长江保护”项目多久了。——等一下。让我查一下。 have begun已经开始；have joined已经加入；have been in已经参与；has been over已经结束。根据疑问词“how long”可知，此处询问动作持续的时间，谓语动词必须是延续性动词。begin和join均为瞬间动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用；be in表示处于某种状态，具有持续性，符合语法要求。 (2) — How long ________ you ________ here? — For two years. A．have; lived B．did; live C．do; live D．will; live 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你在这里住多久了？——两年了。 根据答语“For two years”及疑问词“How long”可知，此处表示动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”。 3. 疑问词+to do (教材原句)I’ve even taught some of them how to use a mobile phone. 不定式可与what,how,where,when,which等疑问词连用，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。 如：I don't know how to solve this problem.我不知道如何解决这个问题。 [随学随练] 单项填空 I don’t know what ________ for my little sister. A．buys B．buying C．bought D．to buy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我不知道该给我妹妹买什么。 空白处位于“what”之后，构成“疑问词+不定式”结构，作动词know的宾语。“what to buy”意为“买什么”，是固定用法。 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据据提示填写正确形式的单词或按照中文句子补全句子，每空一词。 (1) The football players are very ________ (活跃的) and try their best for their cities. 【答案】active 【详解】句意：这些足球运动员非常活跃，为他们的城市尽最大努力。根据“The football players are very…(活跃的) and try their best for their cities.”可知，这里需要一个表示“活跃的”的形容词，active符合语境，描述运动员的状态。故填active。 (2) Millions of v________ (参观者) from abroad come to China every year. 【答案】visitors/isitors 【详解】句意：每年有数百万来自国外的参观者来到中国。根据中文提示“参观者”以及首字母v，可知对应单词为visitor。句中Millions of后接可数名词复数形式，因此visitor要变为复数visitors。 (3) My friend joined a(n) ________ (组织) to protect animals in our city last month. 【答案】organization 【详解】句意：我的朋友上个月加入了一个保护我们城市动物的组织。括号内汉语提示为“组织”，对应英文单词“organization”。空格前有不定冠词“a(n)”，空格处需要可数名词单数，故填organization。 (4) This is a new ________ (体育馆) in our school. 【答案】stadium 【详解】句意：这是我们学校一个新的体育馆。根据汉语提示可知，stadium“体育馆”，名词，前面有不定冠词a，后接可数名词单数，stadium为名词单数。 (5) Parents try their best to p________ (提供) better education for their children. 【答案】provide/rovide 【详解】句意：父母尽他们最大的努力为他们的孩子提供更好的教育。根据首字母p和中文提示“提供”可知，此处应填单词provide，又因为固定搭配try one’s best to do sth.（尽某人最大努力做某事），to后需跟动词原形，故填provide。   (6) The ________ (主人) of the pet was very happy to find his dog again. 【答案】owner 【详解】句意：宠物的主人很高兴再次找到了他的狗。根据中文提示“主人”，对应的英文单词是“owner”。句中指的是宠物的主人，为单数概念，所以用单数形式owner。 (7) Mary has looked after the ________ (上了年纪的人) in the nursing home for two years. 【答案】elderly/old 【详解】句意：玛丽已经在养老院照顾了老人两年。根据中文提示可知，“上了年纪的人”对应的英文是elderly或old，此处作look after的宾语，elderly为形容词，此处the elderly表示“老人”这一群体；old为形容词，此处用the old表示“老人”这一群体。 (8) Many kind people gave________ (捐赠物) to the disaster area to help people there. 【答案】donations 【详解】句意：许多好心人给灾区捐赠物品以帮助那里的人们。根据中文提示可知，“捐赠物”对应的英文是donation，是名词，此处作宾语；且根据“Many kind people”可知，此处表示复数概念，应用名词复数形式donations。 (9) Many international __________ (慈善机构) work together to provide food and shelter for refugees. 【答案】charities 【详解】句意：许多国际慈善机构共同努力为难民提供食物和住所。根据中文提示“慈善机构”可知，需要填写名词复数形式，“charity”的复数是“charities”，故填charities。 (10) Please write down all the ________ names clearly on the board! (采访者) 【答案】interviewers’ 【详解】句意：请在板子上清晰地写下所有采访者的名字。根据汉语提示可知此处应用名词“interviewer”，前面有“all the”修饰，名词需用复数形式“interviewers”，此空修饰名词“name”，和“name”是所属关系，因此应用名词所有格“interviewers’ ”。故填interviewers’。 (11) There are ten members in the ________ (青年) group. 【答案】youth 【详解】句意：这个青年小组有十个成员。根据汉语提示可知，youth“青年”，此处用名词作定语修饰group，符合语境。故填youth。 (12) Lots of young man choose to join the ________ (军队) so that they can protect their motherland. 【答案】army 【详解】句意：许多年轻人选择参军，以便保护他们的祖国。根据中文提示可知，“军队”的英文是army；短语join the army表示“参军”。故填army。 (13) The ________ (士兵) often help local villagers with farm work when they have free time. 【答案】soldiers 【详解】句意：士兵们有空的时候经常帮助当地村民干农活。“士兵”英文表达为“soldier”，可数名词；根据“often help”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，谓语动词help为原形，说明主语应为复数形式。故填soldiers。 (14) One of the most ________ (首要的) goals of education is to help children learn how to think. 【答案】primary 【详解】句意：教育最主要的目标之一就是帮助孩子学会如何思考‌。“首要的”对应的英文单词是“primary”，是形容词，修饰名词“goals”。 (15) I’d still be glad to ________ ________ (分担工作) with any of the party preparations. 【答案】help out 【详解】句意：我还是很乐意帮忙准备派对。固定短语help out“分担工作”，空前有不定式符号，动词用原形，故填help out。 (16) My grandmother moved into a ________ ________ (养老院) after she came to need round-the-clock medical care. 【答案】 nursing home 【详解】句意：祖母在需要全天候护理后搬进了养老院。nursing home“养老院”，名词短语，前面有a，用单数形式。 (17) We’re going for a walk—why don’t you ________ ________ (跟着来)? 【答案】 come along 【详解】句意：我们要去散步 —— 你为什么不跟着来呢？本句是提建议的固定句型“Why don’t you + 动词原形”，空格处应填动词原形形式的短语；表示“跟着来”的动词短语为come along。 (18) Everyone can ________ ________ ________(产生影响)to the environmental protection in their daily life. 【答案】make a difference 【详解】句意：每个人都可以在日常生活中为环境保护做出贡献。make a difference意为“产生影响”，空前有情态动词can，make用原形，故填make a difference。 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) There are many ________ (visit) coming to our city every summer vacation. 【答案】visitors 【详解】句意：每年暑假都有许多游客来我们的城市。visit意为“参观”，动词。结合“coming to our city every summer vacation”可知，度假的应是游客，visitor表示“参观者；游客”，可数名词。many意为“许多”，后接可数名词复数，故填visitors。 (2) They _________ a trip to Oxford for me at the weekend. (organization) 【答案】organized 【详解】句意：他们为我组织了一次周末去牛津的旅行。分析句子结构可知，此处缺动词作谓语，时态为一般过去时，因此名词organization应改为动词organize，且为过去式。故填organized。 (3) Middle schools have already provided students ________ classes to learn basic life skills. 【答案】with 【详解】句意：中学已经为学生开设了学习基本生活技能的课程。此处应表示“为学生提供课程”，固定搭配provide sb. with sth.，意为“为某人提供某物”，所以应用介词with。 (4) The ________ (own) opened his garden and shared fresh tomatoes with neighbours. 【答案】owner 【详解】句意：主人打开了他的菜园，和邻居们分享了新鲜的西红柿。根据“The”和“opened”可知，空处需要填一个名词作主语；own的名词形式是owner，意为“主人”。 (5) Many people ________ (donate) food and water to the homeless people after the heavy rain last week. 【答案】donated 【详解】句意：上周大雨过后，许多人向无家可归的人捐赠了食物和水。时间状语last week表示过去的时间，句子要用一般过去时，donate的过去式是donated，因此填donated。 (6) My mother often ________ (donate) money to help homeless people. 【答案】donates 【详解】句意：我妈妈经常捐钱帮助无家可归的人。根据“often”可知，表示经常性的习惯或动作，用一般现在时，主语为“My mother”，动词donate“捐赠”用第三人称单数形式donates。 (7) The ________ asked an awful question during the ________, which made the ________ quite angry. (interview) 【答案】 interviewer interview interviewee 【详解】句意：在面试过程中，面试官问了一个很糟糕的问题，这让被面试者非常生气。第一个空作句子主语，结合语境可知此处指进行面试的人，用名词“interviewer”表示“面试官”；第二个空前有定冠词“the”，且根据语境可知此处指面试这个行为，用名词“interview”表示“面试”；第三个空前有定冠词“the”，结合语境可知此处指被问问题的人，即被面试者，用名词“interviewee”。 (8) We should take part in all kinds of competitions ________ (active). 【答案】actively 【详解】句意：我们应该积极参加各种比赛。此处需用副词来修饰动词短语，“active”的副词形式是actively“积极地”。故填actively。 (9) The villagers ________ (warm) welcomed the tired traveller and offered him food. 【答案】warmly 【详解】句意：村民们热情地欢迎了那位疲惫的旅行者，并给他提供了食物。空格处修饰动词“welcomed”，需要用副词形式。“warm”的副词为“warmly”，表示“热情地”。 (10) Since the 2026 Spring Festival Gala, Wuxi ________ (grow) into a popular city mixing technology and culture. 【答案】has grown 【详解】句意：自2026年春晚以来，无锡已发展成为一座融合科技与文化的热门城市。句中标志词Since+过去时间（2026年春晚以来），表示动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词；主语Wuxi是第三人称单数，助动词用has；动词grow是不规则变化，它的过去分词是grown。 (11) When the fireworks suddenly went off in the sky, the birds around flew away quickly in every ________ (direct). 【答案】direction 【详解】句意：当烟花突然在天空中爆炸时，周围的鸟儿朝四面八方迅速飞走了。every后接名词单数，direct的名词形式为direction；in every direction表示“朝四面八方”。 (12) I think it’s everyone’s duty ________ (look) after the environment. 【答案】to look 【详解】句意：我认为保护环境是每个人的责任。固定句型It’s one’s duty to do sth.表示做某事是某人的责任，这个句型里需要用动词不定式作真正的主语，所以空里要填to look。 (13) Could you tell me how ________ (improve) my computer skills? 【答案】to improve 【详解】句意：你能告诉我如何提高我的电脑技能吗？“疑问词 how + 动词不定式”结构作宾语，表示“如何提高”，空格处应填动词不定式to improve。 (14) —When ________ you ________ (marry)?   —In 2020. So I ________ (marry) for 6 years. 【答案】 did marry have been married 【详解】句意：——你们什么时候结的婚？——在2020年。所以我已经结婚6年了。第一句中“In 2020”可知，问句是询问过去结婚这个动作发生的时间，应用一般过去时，一般过去时的特殊疑问句结构为“特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他”，所以第一空填did，第二空填动词原形marry；第二句中“for 6 years”表示一段时间，是现在完成时的标志词，且marry是短暂性动词，不能和一段时间连用，要转化为延续性动词be married，现在完成时的结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语是I，所以用have been married。 3. 单项填空 (1) China is working hard to achieve the “double carbon” goal (双碳目标). We can all ________ by saving energy in daily life. A．make a difference B．make a mistake C．make a decision D．make a plan 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国正在努力实现“双碳”目标。我们都可以通过日常生活中节约能源来产生积极影响。 考查动词短语辨析。make a difference产生影响/起作用；make a mistake犯错误；make a decision做决定；make a plan制定计划。根据前文“为实现双碳目标努力”和“通过节约能源”可知，此处强调每个人都能通过行动产生积极影响，故选A。 (2) —Look! Whose car is this? No parking here! —Mr. White is the ________ of the car. I will call him to move it at once. A．visitor B．actor C．doctor D．owner 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——看！这是谁的车？这里不准停车！——怀特先生是这辆车的主人。我马上叫他把它移走。 考查名词辨析。visitor参观者；actor演员；doctor医生；owner主人。根据“Mr. White is the ... of the car. I will call him to move it at once.”可知，怀特先生是这辆车的主人。故选D。 (3) —Why are you taking a basket with you for shopping? —Because the store doesn’t ________ shopping bags for shoppers in order to protect the environment. A．lend B．offer C．provide D．collect 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你为什么购物时带着篮子？——因为为了保护环境，商店不为购物者提供购物袋。 lend借出；offer主动提供；provide提供；collect收集。offer常用于offer sth. to sb.搭配。根据“provide sth for sb”，可知此处考查固定搭配。根据语境，商店为了环保不再给顾客袋子，带篮子是为了装东西，故provide符合逻辑。 (4) Li Ming does well in schoolwork and he is ________ in class. A．terrible B．possible C．active D．afraid 【答案】C 【详解】句意：李明学业表现很好，他在课堂上很活跃。 terrible糟糕的；possible可能的；active活跃的；afraid害怕的。根据“does well in schoolwork”及连词“and”可知，前后语义一致，此处应填褒义词，形容他在课堂上表现积极。应填active。 (5) We are planning a trip to the beach this weekend. Would you like to ______? A．come along B．come true C．come out D．come back 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们正计划这个周末去海滩旅行。你想要一起去吗？ come along一起去；come true实现；come out出版；come back回来。根据“We are planning a trip...”可知是邀请对方同行，come along符合题意。 (6) We should pay ________ attention to the safety of students during outdoor activities. A．primary B．hardly C．lonely D．friendly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在户外活动期间，我们应该把主要的注意力放在学生的安全上。 primary主要的；hardly几乎不；lonely孤独的；friendly友好的。attention为名词，需用形容词修饰，hardly是副词，排除；根据句意可知安全最重要，应给予“主要的”关注，lonely 和 friendly 语意不符。应填primary。 (7) —________ do you visit your grandparents? —Twice a month. But I don’t know exactly ________ they have lived in the countryside. A．How soon; how long B．How often; how long C．How long; how soon D．How far; how old 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你多久看望一次你的祖父母？——一个月两次。但我不知道他们在乡下住多久了。 how soon多久之后；how long多久；how often多久一次；how far多远；how old多大。根据答句“Twice a month”可知，第一空询问频率，用how often；根据“they have lived in the countryside”可知，第二空询问居住的时长，用how long。 (8) I ________ afraid of speaking in public, but now I am confident enough. A．am B．was C．have been D．will be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我过去害怕当众发言，但现在我足够自信了。 根据后半句“now I am confident”可知，前半句描述的事过去的状态、现在已终止，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语为I，需用was。 (9) He ________ plenty of money to the people in the earthquake (地震) area ________. A．gave out; to give them up B．gave away; help out them C．gave out; give them up D．gave away; to help them out 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他捐赠了大量的钱给地震灾区的人们，以帮助他们摆脱困境。 考查动词短语及动词不定式。give out分发；give away捐赠；give up放弃；help out帮助摆脱困境。第一空表示“捐赠钱”，用“give away”，根据语境，本句是过去时态，“give away”的过去式是“gave away”；第二空用动词不定式“to help them out”作目的状语，说明捐赠钱的目的。故选D。 (10) —Where are the Smiths? I don’ t see them. —They ________ Inner Mongolia for their summer holiday and they ________ there for two days. A．have gone to; have been to B．have been to; have gone C．have gone to; have been D．have been to; have been in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——史密斯一家在哪里？我没看到他们。——他们去内蒙古度暑假了，并且已经在那里待了两天。 考查现在完成时。have gone to去了某地（未回来）；have been to去过某地（已回来）；have been in待在某地（持续一段时间）。根据“Where are the Smiths? I don’ t see them.”可知，第一空表示“去了内蒙古”，还没回来，用have gone to；结合“for two days”说明第二空表示“已经在那里待了两天”，用have been符合语境。故选C。 (11) —How long ________ your parents ________ Xi’an? —For two weeks. They are having a wonderful time there. A．have; gone in B．have; been to C．have; gone to D．have; been in 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你的父母在西安待了多久了？——两周了。他们在那儿玩得很开心。 have gone in搭配不当；have been to强调去过某地的经历；have gone to强调去了某地未回的动作；have been in强调待在某地的状态。根据答语“For two weeks”可知，问句询问状态持续的时间，go是瞬间动词不能与时间段连用，需用be动词表示状态，且表示“在西安”应用介词in；第一空应填have，第二空应填been in。 (12) —I don’t know ________ when we are in trouble at school. — Our teachers and friends are always the first choice. A．how can I face them B．who to talk about C．who to ask for help D．what I can do 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不知道在学校遇到麻烦时该向谁求助。——我们的老师和朋友总是首选。 how can I face them我该如何面对他们（语序错误）；who to talk about该和谁谈论；who to ask for help向谁求助；what I can do我能做什么。know后接宾语，可用“疑问词 + 不定式”结构。根据答语“Our teachers and friends”可知，问句询问的是求助的对象，应用who引导。A项语序错误，宾语从句应用陈述语序；B项语义不符；D项询问做什么，与答语指人不符。C项结构正确且符合语境。 4. 选择填空 A 根据句意用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。 stadium   visitor   provide   organize   direction charity  primary  army  youth  warm 1．When my new classmate couldn’t find the library, I gave her quick to get there. 2．As an environmental protection , OWAUR only accepts old women as its members. 3．Lots of went to the exhibition in Sanxingdui Museum in Sichuan Province last week. 4．After school, we will clean the to make it tidy for the coming sports meeting. 5．Mr. Wang many school things for children in poor areas last Children’s Day. 6．He spent his in a small town by the sea. 7．My mother welcomed my friends when they visited our house. 8．Our school raised a lot of money for different last year. 9．He joined the at the age of eighteen. 10．Mrs Brown teaches at a school in London. 【答案】1．directions 2．organization 3．visitors 4．stadium 5．Provided 6．youth 7．warmly 8．charities 9．army 10．primary 【解析】1．句意：当我的新同学找不到图书馆时，我给了她快速到那里的方向。备选单词direction“方向；指示”，符合“给出到达某地的指示”的语境。此处direction常用复数形式表示“指示”。故填directions。 2．句意：作为一个环保组织，OWAUR只接受老年妇女作为它的成员。备选单词organize是动词，其名词形式organization“组织”，符合“环境保护组织”的语境。故填organization。 3．句意：上周，许多游客去了四川省三星堆博物馆的展览。备选单词visitor“参观者”，可数名词，“lots of”后接可数名词复数visitors，符合“去看展览”的语境。故填visitors。 4．句意：放学后，我们将打扫体育场，为即将到来的运动会做好准备。备选单词stadium“体育场”，名词，符合“运动会举办地”的语境。故填stadium。 5．句意：去年儿童节，王先生为贫困地区的儿童提供了许多学校用品。备选单词provide“提供”，动词，符合“为贫困地区的儿童提供了许多学校用品”的语境。根据“last Children’s Day”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式provided。故填provided。 6．句意：他在海边的一个小镇度过了自己的青年时期。根据“spent his ...”和备选词可知，此处指度过人生的某个阶段，youth“青年时期”符合语境，为不可数名词。故填youth。 7．句意：当我的朋友们来家里做客时，妈妈热情地迎接了他们。根据“welcomed my friends ...”和备选词可知，此处指热情地迎接，warm“温暖的，热情的”符合语境，需用副词修饰动词welcomed，warm的副词形式是warmly。故填warmly。 8．句意：我们学校去年为不同的慈善机构筹集了很多钱。根据“raised a lot of money for …”和备选词可知，此处指为慈善机构筹钱，charity“慈善机构”符合语境，“different”后接可数名词复数，charity的复数形式是charities。故填charities。 9．句意：他十八岁时参军了。根据“joined the ...”和备选词可知，此处考查固定搭配，join the army“参军”，army“军队”符合语境。故填army。 10．句意：布朗夫人在伦敦的一所小学教书。根据“teaches at a ... school” 和备选词可知，primary“初级的，初等教育的”符合语境，primary school“小学”。故填primary。 B 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。每个短语限用一次。 look after  feed animals  clean up  collect donations  make a difference 1．Our school often for students who need medical care. 2．The volunteers have the injured cats in this park for a long time. 3．Even small acts of kindness can to people around us. 4．You should wash your hands after you to keep healthy. 5．My mom asks me to my desk every evening after doing homework. 【答案】1．collects donations 2．looked after 3．make a difference 4．feed animals 5．clean up 【详解】1．句意：我们学校经常为需要医疗照顾的学生募集捐款。主语Our school是第三人称单数，often表示经常性动作，用一般现在时，句中提到“students who need medical care”（需要医疗救助的学生），能为他们做的相关公益行为，是“募集捐款”。collect donations意为“筹集捐款”。 2．句意：志愿者们照顾公园里受伤的猫很长时间了。句中出现 have 和时间状语 for a long time，说明时态是现在完成时，结构为 have/has + 动词过去分词。宾语是“the injured cats”（受伤的猫），志愿者对它们的行为，应该 “照顾、照料”。此处用过去分词looked after。 3．句意：即使是小小的善举也能对我们周围的人产生影响。can后接动词原形，主语是“small acts of kindness”（小小的善举），结合语境“这些善举能对周围的人……”，此处表达“产生影响、起作用”。make a difference是固定短语，意为“产生影响、起作用”，符合语境。 4．句意：喂动物后你应该洗手以保持健康。after引导时间状语从句，主语是you，用一般现在时，句中提到“wash your hands... to keep healthy”（洗手来保持健康），结合常识和备选词，需要洗手的场景之一是“喂动物”后。feed animals意为“喂动物”，符合语境。 5．句意：妈妈让我每天做完作业后清理书桌。ask sb to do sth是固定搭配，to后接动词原形，宾语是my desk（我的书桌），动作发生在“after doing homework”（做完作业后），对应的行为是“清理、收拾”。clean up意为“清理”，符合语境。 C 选用方框中的短语填空（每个限用一次） stay active; care for the elderly ; share with us; volunteer together ;come along 1．Teng Fei exercises with the elderly to help them . 2．It is important to . We will all be old one day. 3．The elderly have interesting life stories to . 4．Ella says, “Can I join your group? I’d love to help.” Teng Fei says, “Yes, !” 5．It’s fun to . 【答案】1．stay active 2．care for the elderly 3．share with us 4．come along 5．volunteer together 【解析】1．句意：腾飞和老人一起锻炼，帮助他们保持活跃。help sb (to) do sth 是固定搭配，意为“帮助某人做某事”；结合“exercises with the elderly”的语境，stay active 表示“保持活跃”，符合锻炼的目的。 2．句意：关爱老人很重要，我们总有一天都会变老。It is important to do sth 是固定句型，意为“做某事很重要”；结合后句“We will all be old one day”的提示，care for the elderly 表示“关爱老人”，符合语境。 3．句意：老人们有有趣的人生故事要和我们分享。have sth to do 表示“有某事要做”；结合“interesting life stories”的语境，share with us 表示“和我们分享”，符合故事的用途。 4．句意：Ella说：“我能加入你们小组吗？我很乐意帮忙。”腾飞说：“好的，一起来吧！”结合Ella请求加入的语境，come along 表示“一起来、加入”，符合回应邀请的场景。 5．句意：一起做志愿活动很有趣。It's fun to do sth 是固定句型，意为“做某事很有趣”；结合前文的志愿小组语境，volunteer together 表示“一起做志愿活动”，符合整体主题。 5. 翻译句子 (1) 自从来到扬州，他就一直住在这里吗? 【答案】Has he lived here since he came to Yangzhou? (2) 李老师将提供许多关于餐桌礼仪的建议。 【答案】Mr. Li will provide many suggestions about table manners./Mr. Li will provide a lot of advice about table manners. (3) 这场激动人心的表演已经开始两个半小时了。 【答案】The exciting performance has been on for two and a half hours. (4) 我甚至还教过他们中的一些人如何使用手机。 【答案】I have even taught some of them how to use a mobile phone. (5) 关爱老人是很重要的。 【答案】It’s important to care for the elderly. (6) 上周当我迷路时，一位善良的人给我指了路。 【答案】Last week, a kind person gave me directions when I got lost. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $