暑假作业02 冠词 & 介词（巩固培优）七年级英语新教材译林版

**基本信息** 以“概念定义-分类用法-典例应用”为逻辑主线，系统梳理冠词（不定/定/零）和介词（时间/地点/方式）核心用法，通过表格归纳与易错点提示构建完整知识网络，助力语言能力与学习能力提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |冠词用法|3类19项用法+注意事项|“音素判断法”“特指泛指区分法”“固定搭配记忆法”|从虚词定义切入，按功能分类（泛指/特指/零冠词），结合例句与反例构建用法体系| |介词用法|3类（时间/地点/方式）+对比辨析|“时间维度定位法”“空间关系图示法”“搭配场景联想法”|按语义功能模块划分，通过近义介词（如on/in/at）对比揭示用法差异| |综合应用|单选20题+完成句子10题+语篇题型5类|“语境分析法”“考点定位法”|从基础选择到语篇填空，实现“知识-技能-应用”三阶提升，覆盖中考高频考点|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 暑假作业02 冠词& 介词（巩固培优）（解析版） 冠词：置于名词或名词短语前，帮助说明名词或名词短语所表示的人或事物的一种虚词 一、不定冠词a/an：不定冠词a/an常用于单数可数名词前，泛指某一类人或事物中的“一个”。 1、用于单数可数名词前，泛指某一类人或事物中的“一个” 2、用于首次提及的单数可数名词前 3、用于单数可数名词前，强调数量“一”(相当于 one，但 one的数量概念更强) 4、用于单数可数名词前，表示同类中的任何一个 5 、表示“每一”,相当于 per, each, every等,常用在表时间、价格、重量、速度等的计量单位名词前 6 、用于序数词前，表示“又一；再一” 7、用于表示人名和时间的专有名词前，使专有名词普通化，常译为“一个名叫⋯⋯的人”和“某一个” 8、用于某些抽象名词前，使抽象名词具体化，表示“⋯⋯的事或人” 9、用于某些物质名词前，使物质名词具体化，表示“一阵”“一份”“一场”等 10 、表示“相同;同一”,相当于 the same,常用于“of+a/ an+单数可数名词”结构中 注意： 元音看的是开头音素，不是开头字母 有些单词虽以元音字母开头，但发音却以辅音音素开头如: a university 一所大学 有些单词虽以辅音字母开头，但发音却以元音音素开头 如：an hour一小时 二、定冠词 the：定冠词 the与 this, that, these, those同源,意为“这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”。 常见用法 例词/例句 用于上文提到过的人或事物前 I saw a cat. The cat was black. 用于世界上独一无二的事物前 the sun太阳 the moon 月亮 用来指代特定的、双方都知道的人或事物 The girl is my friend's sister. 用于个体名词、集体名词、物质名词或抽象名词前，表示特指 The water in the lake is very clean. 用于形容词、副词最高级或序数词前 He runs(the) fastest in our class. 用于表示“越⋯⋯,越⋯⋯”的“the+比较级, the+比较级”结构中 The higher you stand, the farther you will see. 用于被演奏的乐器前 She is good at playing the violin. 用于姓氏复数前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇二人” The Greens are having dinner. 用于单数可数名词前，表示一类人或事物 The doctor is always ready to help the sick. 用于某些形容词前，表示某一类人 the rich 富人 the poor穷人 the blind 盲人 用于某些由普通名词构成的专有名词前，如国家、党派、机关、团体、组织或公共建筑等 the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国 用于表示海洋、河流、山脉、湖泊等地理名词前 the Pacific Ocean太平洋 用于报刊、会议或条约前 The New York Times《纽约时报》 用于“动词+ sb.+介词+the+身体部位”结构中 She touched him on the shoulder. 注意： 1.定冠词 the还可用于表示世纪、年代或朝代的词前 in the 20th century 在20世纪 in the 1960s在 20世纪 60年代 2.定冠词 the还可用于“by+the+计量单位名词”结构中，表示“按……” by the hour/ day/ week/ month/ year按小时/日/星期/月/年 by the pound/ yard/ ounce/ foot按磅/码/盎司/英尺 三、零冠词：指名词前不用冠词的现象。 1、复数名词表示一类人或事物时不用冠词 2、专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词表示一般概念时不用冠词 3、表示学科、语言、三餐、球类运动、棋类游戏的名词前不用冠词当三餐前有形容词修饰或特指某顿饭时，前面要加冠词。 4、 “by+交通工具”表示交通方式时，交通工具前不用冠词，当交通工具出现在其他介词后时，要加冠词或其他限定词。 5、表示星期、月份、季节的名词和节假日前不用冠词。当泛指某一个星期、月份、季节、节假日，表示特指或前面有形容词修饰时，通常使用冠词，中国传统节日前通常使用定冠词 the 6、名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或所有格修饰时不用冠词 介词是用来表示名词、代词等与句中其他词的关系的一种虚词 一、表时间 at, in, on, during 单词 用法 示例 at 后接具体某一时刻或用于固定搭配中。 at seven o’ clock, at night, at noon in 后接时间段(年份/季节/月份/早晨/中午/晚上)。 in 2050, in spring, in May, in the afternoon on 后接星期、日期、以Day 结尾的节日或有修饰词的具体某一个早晨/中午/晚上。 on Monday, on June 1st, on Christmas Day, on a cold morning during 后接时间段，表示“在······期间”，强调时间的延续。 during the summer/ day/ night 注意： at用于节假日前，常指在整个节假日期间；on 常指在节假日当天。 二、表地点、方位、方向 at后接小地点, in后接大地点 on表示在某物的表面上，且与表面有接触。 above表示在某物的上方，但不一定是正上方，也可指斜上方，不一定有接触，反义词是 below。 over表示在某物的正上方，也可表示覆盖在某物上面，反义词是 under。 between用于两者之间，常构成短语“between… and…”。 among用于三者或三者以上之间。 near意为“在附近；靠近”，表示两个物体之间的距离相对较近，但不一定紧邻，通常不强调非常具体的距离。 next to意为“紧挨着；紧邻”，表示两个物体之间直接相邻，没有其他物体在中间，强调紧邻的位置关系。 by意为“在……旁边”时，表示靠近某个物体。 beside意为“在……旁边”，与by 的用法较为接近，但更强调并列的位置关系。 before除表示时间上的“在······以前”,也可以指空间上的“在······前面”，通常表示在某个物体的前面，强调相对的位置关系 behind表示在某个物体的后面或背面 in front of表示在某个物体的外部前方 in the front of表示在某个物体的内部前方 across强调从表面穿过、横过。 through强调从内部穿过、贯穿。 past强调从某事物的一旁经过。 along表示沿着、顺着。 三、表方式 by通过某种方式、方法或手段。 with 用某种工具或手段。 in用某种方式、形式或语言。 through通过某种途径、过程或媒介。 1、 单项选择 1．There is ________ onion in the basket and ________ onion looks like a ping-pong ball. A．an; the B．the; an C．a; the D．an; an 2．It takes Jim half ________ hour to play ________ volleyball every day. A．a; an B．an; / C．an; the D．a; / 3．—What’s this in English? —It’s ________ eraser. A．a B．an C．the D．／ 4．—Helen, ________ apple on the table is for you. Remember to eat it. —Thank you, Mum. We all know ________ apple a day keeps the doctor away. A．an; an B．an; the C．the; an D．the; a 5．Their teacher is ill in ________ hospital, so he can't teach ________ English today. A．/; us B．the; us C．a; our D．/; our 6．—What do you usually have for_____ breakfast? —Milk and bread. _____ big breakfast helps me start the day. A．a; The B．/; A C．the; / D．/; / 7．There is ________ “h” in the word "hour", but ________ “h” isn't pronounced（发音）. A．an; an B．a; a C．an; the D．a; the 8．—Are we going to the shop on bike, Grandma? —No, Let's go there by car. It is far from here. A．a; a B．a; / C．a; the D．the; a 9．Tom doesn’t like playing ________ volleyball, but he likes playing ________ piano. A．the; the B．/; the C．the; / D．/; / 10．—Who is ___________ boy over there? —He is Tom. He likes reading. He is reading ___________ useful book. A．the; an B．a; an C．the; / D．the; a 11．The Mid-Autumn Festival is usually ________ autumn. Chinese people get together ________ that day. A．in; on B．on; in C．in; in D．on; on 12．—Is there a tall tree ________ your house? —Yes, there is. A．under B．at C．in front of D．in 13．Bill gets up ______half past six _____ every morning. A．at; on B．on; in C．at; / D．in; / 14．You may feel freezing cold ______ a winter morning. A．in B．on C．at D．by 15．_______ the road, then________ the fruit shop and you’ll see our school. A．Walk cross; walk pass B．Cross; past C．Walk across; pass D．Across; past 16．Chinese people usually enjoy the moon ________ the evening ________ the Mid-Autumn Festival. A．in; for B．on; at C．in; on D．on; of 17． He was born _______ the morning _______June 3, 1900. A．in; of B．on; of C．on; at D．at; on 18．Can you _______ it _______ English? A．say, with B．speak, in C．talk, to D．say, in 19．What do you do _______ the night _______ October 31st? A．at; of B．on; of C．on; at D．at; on 20．There are six floors _______ our school buildings. Our classroom is _______  the third floor. A．in; on B．in; in C．on; in D．on; on 二、完成句子 21．One of her old friends will teach her how to do woodcarving tomorrow. (同义句转换) ________ old friend of ________ will teach her how to do woodcarving tomorrow. 22．《山海经》是一部关于奇妙生物、神和奇异之地的古代中国奇幻故事集。 The Classic of Mountains and Seas is ________ ancient Chinese fantasy stories about wondrous creatures, gods, and strange places. 23．桌上的一张便条写着：“食物在冰箱里。” ________ says, “The food is in the fridge.” 24．在我家附近有一个新的民俗博物馆。 There is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ near my house. 25．Your neighbourhood is so nice. You are lucky to live in it. (改为同义句) You are lucky to live in ________ nice neighbourhood. 26．不远处有人正在湖边露营。 There ________ the lake not far away. 27．森林里都是树，不同的季节会呈现不同的色彩。 Forests are full of trees, with _________________________________________________. 28．众所周知，人类是通过鼻子和嘴吸入空气。 It’s well known that _____________________. 29．停电的时候除了和家人闲聊没有什么其他事可做。 There ________ ________ ________ ________ but ________ with family when there is a power cut. 30．晚上除了读书没事可做。 ________________________ in the evening. 一、完形填空 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 There was once a young painter named Zhou Xi. She loved to 31 every corner of her paintings with bright colors and detailed designs. It was 32 she thought more was better. One day, she 33 an old master painter. The master showed her a beautiful landscape painting. Zhou was 34 to see half of the paper was empty—only a few birds 35 in the clear sky, and a small boat floated on the calm water. “Why did you leave so much space blank?” Zhou asked. The master smiled and said, “Look again. Does the 36 part make you feel peaceful?” Zhou Xi looked at the painting carefully. The blank space did look like a wide 37 . The birds were flying in it freely. Suddenly, she felt as if she could breathe more easily. “Life is like this painting,” the master said. “If we try to fill every moment with work, study or plans, we’ll feel 38 . Leave some ‘blank space’—time to rest and 39 so that we can enjoy quietness and let our hearts ‘breathe’. Just as the empty sky in the painting makes the flying birds look freer, empty 40 in life make us more relaxed.” Zhou nodded. She began to know that leaving room for nothing was a good 41 . So she started to paint with more “blank space” in her works. Sometimes she drew a lonely mountain with empty air around it; sometimes she left a corner of the paper empty. When people looked at her paintings, they felt 42 and thought a lot. Just as a painter needs to leave blank space for 43 , we need to leave time in life for rest and thinking. Don’t fill every minute with busyness— 44 ourselves to be “empty” sometimes. That’s when we can truly see the beauty of peace and find happiness in the 45 moments. Let’s have a try. 31．A．feel B．fix C．fill D．focus 32．A．because B．until C．before D．if 33．A．remembered B．visited C．missed D．watched 34．A．sad B．enjoyable C．afraid D．surprised 35．A．flew B．sang C．jumped D．walked 36．A．full B．beautiful C．empty D．narrow 37．A．sky B．street C．bridge D．road 38．A．happy B．tired C．excited D．relaxed 39．A．play B．think C．dance D．sing 40．A．seats B．books C．moments D．brains 41．A．work B．mould C．part D．idea 42．A．worried B．calm C．nervous D．bored 43．A．time B．money C．space D．beauty 44．A．agree B．allow C．arrive D．attract 45．A．quiet B．busy C．hard D．important 二、阅读理解 ①Plants can help with climate (气候) change by taking in carbon dioxide (二氧化碳). But if it gets too hot, they might do something bad, a new study said. ②Plants play an important role in our life. They take in air through quite small holes in their leaves. Then, with the help of sunlight, they turn this air into food and give out oxygen (氧气) that we need to breathe at the same time. Before, people thought plants lost most of their water through these small holes. In fact, when the weather is hot, the holes close. This way plants don’t lose too much water. It’s like a smart way for plants to protect themselves. ③However, a new study found something surprising. When it is hot, plants lose more water through a layer (层) on their leaves. This layer is always open and cannot close, just like a window that stays open all the time. So, in very hot weather, plants keep losing water but can’t take in air to make food. Imagine if you are thirsty but can’t drink water or eat food—how hard it will be! That’s how plants feel in hot weather. This makes it hard for them to clean the air by taking in carbon dioxide. ④If it gets too hot, something worse might happen. Plants might even give out carbon dioxide back into the air. This could make climate change worse. Scientists say this could happen when the temperature (温度) is about 30℃. Can you believe it? A little change in temperature can make such a big difference. ⑤We need to take care of the environment (环境) and try to stop the Earth from getting too hot. Planting more trees is good, but we also need to keep the Earth from getting warmer. Every small thing we do to protect the environment helps. Let’s work together to keep the Earth cool and healthy for all plants and animals. 46．Plants usually take in carbon dioxide through ________. A．sunlight B．oxygen C．the holes in the leaves D．a layer on their leaves 47．According to the new study, what will happen to plants when it is very hot? A．They will take in more air. B．They will lose more water. C．More leaves will fall down from them. D．More holes will grow in their leaves. 48．What can we know from the last paragraph? a. Even small things friendly to the environment work. b. We need to keep the Earth healthy by working together. c. Planting trees is the only way to protect the environment.     d. We’d better do something to stop the Earth from getting too hot. A．abc B．acd C．abd D．bcd 49．Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ……) A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②③/④⑤ C．①②③④⑤ D．①/②③④⑤ 3、 任务型阅读 Simple songs play an important role in kids’ life. They can change a kid’s life forever. Think about it, you may still remember some songs from when you were little. The same thing happens today. Songs can help kids learn faster and remember new things better in daily life. Music and speaking both have rhythms. When kids sing, they can feel the rhythms. In talking, we use stops and stress on syllables or words to show feelings and important points. Songs and rhymes can help us remember different kinds of things. Music goes to many parts of the brain, and gets stored (储存) in different memory (记忆) places. When kids store memories in more places, they can remember things better. Kids learn languages faster by singing than by listening to long talks. Singing helps kids learn new words and expressions quickly. If your kid is young, singing is a good way to teach him new words and expressions. Singing more times helps turn what they learn into long-term (长期的) memory. Small differences in spoken language can influence (影响) young kids’ reading. Consonants such as “b” and “p” are hard for kids to tell apart on paper, but they can learn from songs. This can help them know the difference when reading. Also, songs can improve (提高) kids’ creativity. When kids listen to songs, they often imagine different pictures and stories in their minds, which helps with their creative thinking. What’s more, singing songs together with friends or family can make kids more confident (自信的) and help them have better social skills. They can share happiness through music and learn how to work together with others. 50．How can songs help kids in daily life? 51．Why do we use stops and stress in talking? 52．What can help kids have long-term memory? 53．When kids find it hard to tell apart “b” and “p” on paper, what can they do? 54．Do you like singing? Why or why not? (请自拟一句话作答) 4、 语法填空 请认真阅读下面短文，在标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you seen Jingtailan in your daily life or in a museum? Jingtailan is a traditional handcraft with 55 (colour) designs on metal (金属). It became popular during the time of Emperor Jingtai in the Ming Dynasty. Li Jinglong and Guan Dian 56 (fall) in love with Jingtailan by chance. They wanted to let more people know about it. So they opened a workshop—Handcraft Addicted in Beijing. Last summer, I visited the workshop with my parents, and that’s where I 57 (one) saw this amazing art. In the exhibition hall, there was a large 58 (collect) of Jingtailan works. Among them, a beautiful Jingtailan vase caught my eyes. 59 (it) body was covered with bright blue, red and green patterns (图案) like a beautiful garden. The birds on it looked so real that I 60 (think) they might fly out! The guide told us that making Jingtailan needed many steps. They included (包含) creating a metal base, using metal lines 61 (make) a design, filling the space with colored powders and firing. I was so surprised to learn that each piece was made by hand. I looked at the fantastic details 62 (happy). In the hall, I saw different kinds of Jingtailan works, such as jewelry boxes, vases, fruit plates and so on. Each one was different. Through the trip, I know Jingtailan is not just a handcraft. It’s a treasure of Chinese culture, showing us how great our ancestors (祖先) were and how important it 63 (be) for us to keep these traditions alive. More and more people enjoy cultural trips. Handcraft Addicted is really an interesting place to visit. I hope you 64 (visit) it some day. I’m sure it is worth a visit. 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在标有题号的横线上，完整写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Charlie entered the shop and put a wet 50-yuan on the counter (柜台). “One chocolate,” he said. The shopkeeper behind the counter looked fat. He reached behind him for the chocolate bar, and h 65 it to Charlie. Charlie quickly tore (撕) off the wrapper and c 66 wait to take a huge bite. Then he took another…and another…and oh, how happy he felt to be able to eat large pieces of s 67 sweet into his mouth. “It seems that you liked that one so much, kid,” the shopkeeper said happily. Charlie nodded, w 68 his mouth full of chocolate. The shopkeeper put Charlie’s c 69 on the counter. “Take it easy,” he said. “You will feel sick if you eat it like that without chewing (咀嚼).” H 70 , Charlie didn’t listen to him. In less than half a minute, the w 71 chocolate had disappeared down his throat. He reached out to take the change but stopped. “I think,” he said quietly, “I think…I’ll have just one m 72 of those chocolate bars, please.” “Why not?” the fat shopkeeper said, r 73 behind him again, taking another chocolate from the shelf and putting it on the counter. Charlie picked it up and tore off the wrapper. S 74 , from under the wrapper, there came a piece of gold. “It’s a Golden Ticket!” the shopkeeper shouted, jumping about a foot in the air. “You’ve got a Golden Ticket! You’ve found the last Golden Ticket! Hey, would you believe it!” 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 暑假作业02 冠词& 介词（巩固培优）（解析版） 冠词：置于名词或名词短语前，帮助说明名词或名词短语所表示的人或事物的一种虚词 一、不定冠词a/an：不定冠词a/an常用于单数可数名词前，泛指某一类人或事物中的“一个”。 1、用于单数可数名词前，泛指某一类人或事物中的“一个” 2、用于首次提及的单数可数名词前 3、用于单数可数名词前，强调数量“一”(相当于 one，但 one的数量概念更强) 4、用于单数可数名词前，表示同类中的任何一个 5 、表示“每一”,相当于 per, each, every等,常用在表时间、价格、重量、速度等的计量单位名词前 6 、用于序数词前，表示“又一；再一” 7、用于表示人名和时间的专有名词前，使专有名词普通化，常译为“一个名叫⋯⋯的人”和“某一个” 8、用于某些抽象名词前，使抽象名词具体化，表示“⋯⋯的事或人” 9、用于某些物质名词前，使物质名词具体化，表示“一阵”“一份”“一场”等 10 、表示“相同;同一”,相当于 the same,常用于“of+a/ an+单数可数名词”结构中 注意： 元音看的是开头音素，不是开头字母 有些单词虽以元音字母开头，但发音却以辅音音素开头如: a university 一所大学 有些单词虽以辅音字母开头，但发音却以元音音素开头 如：an hour一小时 二、定冠词 the：定冠词 the与 this, that, these, those同源,意为“这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”。 常见用法 例词/例句 用于上文提到过的人或事物前 I saw a cat. The cat was black. 用于世界上独一无二的事物前 the sun太阳 the moon 月亮 用来指代特定的、双方都知道的人或事物 The girl is my friend's sister. 用于个体名词、集体名词、物质名词或抽象名词前，表示特指 The water in the lake is very clean. 用于形容词、副词最高级或序数词前 He runs(the) fastest in our class. 用于表示“越⋯⋯,越⋯⋯”的“the+比较级, the+比较级”结构中 The higher you stand, the farther you will see. 用于被演奏的乐器前 She is good at playing the violin. 用于姓氏复数前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇二人” The Greens are having dinner. 用于单数可数名词前，表示一类人或事物 The doctor is always ready to help the sick. 用于某些形容词前，表示某一类人 the rich 富人 the poor穷人 the blind 盲人 用于某些由普通名词构成的专有名词前，如国家、党派、机关、团体、组织或公共建筑等 the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国 用于表示海洋、河流、山脉、湖泊等地理名词前 the Pacific Ocean太平洋 用于报刊、会议或条约前 The New York Times《纽约时报》 用于“动词+ sb.+介词+the+身体部位”结构中 She touched him on the shoulder. 注意： 1.定冠词 the还可用于表示世纪、年代或朝代的词前 in the 20th century 在20世纪 in the 1960s在 20世纪 60年代 2.定冠词 the还可用于“by+the+计量单位名词”结构中，表示“按……” by the hour/ day/ week/ month/ year按小时/日/星期/月/年 by the pound/ yard/ ounce/ foot按磅/码/盎司/英尺 三、零冠词：指名词前不用冠词的现象。 1、复数名词表示一类人或事物时不用冠词 2、专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词表示一般概念时不用冠词 3、表示学科、语言、三餐、球类运动、棋类游戏的名词前不用冠词当三餐前有形容词修饰或特指某顿饭时，前面要加冠词。 4、 “by+交通工具”表示交通方式时，交通工具前不用冠词，当交通工具出现在其他介词后时，要加冠词或其他限定词。 5、表示星期、月份、季节的名词和节假日前不用冠词。当泛指某一个星期、月份、季节、节假日，表示特指或前面有形容词修饰时，通常使用冠词，中国传统节日前通常使用定冠词 the 6、名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或所有格修饰时不用冠词 介词是用来表示名词、代词等与句中其他词的关系的一种虚词 一、表时间 at, in, on, during 单词 用法 示例 at 后接具体某一时刻或用于固定搭配中。 at seven o’ clock, at night, at noon in 后接时间段(年份/季节/月份/早晨/中午/晚上)。 in 2050, in spring, in May, in the afternoon on 后接星期、日期、以Day 结尾的节日或有修饰词的具体某一个早晨/中午/晚上。 on Monday, on June 1st, on Christmas Day, on a cold morning during 后接时间段，表示“在······期间”，强调时间的延续。 during the summer/ day/ night 注意： at用于节假日前，常指在整个节假日期间；on 常指在节假日当天。 二、表地点、方位、方向 at后接小地点, in后接大地点 on表示在某物的表面上，且与表面有接触。 above表示在某物的上方，但不一定是正上方，也可指斜上方，不一定有接触，反义词是 below。 over表示在某物的正上方，也可表示覆盖在某物上面，反义词是 under。 between用于两者之间，常构成短语“between… and…”。 among用于三者或三者以上之间。 near意为“在附近；靠近”，表示两个物体之间的距离相对较近，但不一定紧邻，通常不强调非常具体的距离。 next to意为“紧挨着；紧邻”，表示两个物体之间直接相邻，没有其他物体在中间，强调紧邻的位置关系。 by意为“在……旁边”时，表示靠近某个物体。 beside意为“在……旁边”，与by 的用法较为接近，但更强调并列的位置关系。 before除表示时间上的“在······以前”,也可以指空间上的“在······前面”，通常表示在某个物体的前面，强调相对的位置关系 behind表示在某个物体的后面或背面 in front of表示在某个物体的外部前方 in the front of表示在某个物体的内部前方 across强调从表面穿过、横过。 through强调从内部穿过、贯穿。 past强调从某事物的一旁经过。 along表示沿着、顺着。 三、表方式 by通过某种方式、方法或手段。 with 用某种工具或手段。 in用某种方式、形式或语言。 through通过某种途径、过程或媒介。 1、 单项选择 1．There is ________ onion in the basket and ________ onion looks like a ping-pong ball. A．an; the B．the; an C．a; the D．an; an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：篮子里有一个洋葱，这个洋葱看起来像乒乓球。 考查冠词。a/an是不定冠词，泛指物体、事物，用在可数名词或名词短语前，表示一个或一类；a用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于元音音素开头的单词前；the是定冠词，表示对某人、某物进行特指。第一空，根据“There is...onion in the basket”可知，此处表示泛指，且onion以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an；第二空，根据“...onion looks like a ping-pong ball”可知，此处特指上文提到的那个洋葱，所以用定冠词the。故选A。 2．It takes Jim half ________ hour to play ________ volleyball every day. A．a; an B．an; / C．an; the D．a; / 【答案】B 【详解】句意：吉姆每天花半小时打排球。 考查冠词的用法。half an hour“半个小时”，第一空填an。球类前不加任何冠词，第二空不填，故选B。 3．—What’s this in English? —It’s ________ eraser. A．a B．an C．the D．／ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这个用英语怎么说？——它是一个橡皮擦。 考查冠词辨析。此处表示“一个橡皮擦”，表泛指，且eraser是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an修饰，故选B。 4．—Helen, ________ apple on the table is for you. Remember to eat it. —Thank you, Mum. We all know ________ apple a day keeps the doctor away. A．an; an B．an; the C．the; an D．the; a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——海伦，桌子上的那个苹果是给你的。记得吃了它。——谢谢你，妈妈，我们都知道一天一个苹果可以远离医生。 考查冠词。不定冠词a/an一个，表示泛指，a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于元音音素开头的单词前；定冠词the这个，那个，通常用于特指；根据“on the table”可知，第一个空特指桌子上的苹果，使用定冠词；第二个空泛指一天一个苹果，apple以元音音素开头，使用不定冠词an；故选C。 5．Their teacher is ill in ________ hospital, so he can't teach ________ English today. A．/; us B．the; us C．a; our D．/; our 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们的老师生病住院了，所以他今天不能教我们英语。 考查冠词和代词辨析。/零冠词；the定冠词；a不定冠词；us我们，人称代词宾格形式；our我们的，形容词性物主代词。根据“Their teacher is ill”可知，老师是生病住院，用“in hospital”表示，中间不加任何冠词；“teach sb sth”是固定搭配，表示“教某人某事”，“sb”作“teach”的宾语，要用宾格形式，故选A。 6．—What do you usually have for_____ breakfast? —Milk and bread. _____ big breakfast helps me start the day. A．a; The B．/; A C．the; / D．/; / 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你通常早餐吃什么？——牛奶和面包。一顿丰富的早餐可以帮助我开始新的一天。 考查冠词。a表泛指；the表特指；/零冠词。三餐前不加任何冠词；当三餐前有形容词修饰时，可加冠词，第二个空表示“一顿丰富的早餐”，故选B。 7．There is ________ “h” in the word "hour", but ________ “h” isn't pronounced（发音）. A．an; an B．a; a C．an; the D．a; the 【答案】C 【详解】句意：单词“hour”中有一个“h”，但是“h”不发音。 考查冠词的用法。第一处泛指有一个h，h以元音音素开头，所以用an；第二处特指hour中的h，所以用定冠词the表特指。故选C。 8．—Are we going to the shop on bike, Grandma? —No, Let's go there by car. It is far from here. A．a; a B．a; / C．a; the D．the; a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们购物骑车去吗，祖母？——不，我们坐车去那。那儿有点远。 考查冠词固定搭配，“on a/one's bike”骑自行车为固定搭配，“by +交通工具”乘坐某种交通工具，也为固定搭配，故选B。 【点睛】英语当中的乘坐有两种类型：一种是关于介词的“乘坐”，一种是关于动词的“乘坐”。 1.介词by (1)by+ 交通工具，表达乘坐的时候，交通工具需要用单数的形式，而且前面没有修饰的词。比如：by bus, by bike, by plane, by train, by car, by taxi/cab, by ship, by subway. (2)by + sea/water/air,表示“通过；由某种途径”，此时表示一种旅行方式，而不涉及交通工具。比如说：by sea 从海路；by air 坐飞机； by water 从水路。 2.介词in 或者是on “ in/on+冠词（形容词性物主代词）+交通工具名词”也可以表示乘坐某种交通工具； in多用于带舱或者是车厢的交通工具名词之前，侧重于封闭式的交通工具；on多用于半开放式的或者是开放式的交通工具。 例句：He often goes to the farm on a bike. 9．Tom doesn’t like playing ________ volleyball, but he likes playing ________ piano. A．the; the B．/; the C．the; / D．/; / 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Tom不喜欢打排球，但是他喜欢弹钢琴。 考查冠词的用法。play后接球类名词时，球类名词前不加冠词；play后接西洋乐器类名词时，西洋乐器类名词前加定冠词the。根据题干可知第一空后“volleyball”意为“排球”，其前不加冠词；第二空后“piano”意为“钢琴”，是西洋乐器，其前加定冠词the。故选B。 10．—Who is ___________ boy over there? —He is Tom. He likes reading. He is reading ___________ useful book. A．the; an B．a; an C．the; / D．the; a 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——那边那个男孩是谁？——他是Tom。他喜欢读书。他正在读一本有用的书。 考查冠词用法。a一个，不定冠词；an一个，不定冠词；the定冠词。第一个空，表示特指那边的男孩，用定冠词the；第二个空泛指某一本书，并且useful以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。故答案为D。 11．The Mid-Autumn Festival is usually ________ autumn. Chinese people get together ________ that day. A．in; on B．on; in C．in; in D．on; on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中秋节通常在秋天。中国人在那一天聚在一起。 考查时间介词。in在某个月份，季节，年份；on在某一天。根据“autumn”可知，第一空指在秋天，用in；第二空根据“that day”可知，指在中秋节这天，用on。故选A。 12．—Is there a tall tree ________ your house? —Yes, there is. A．under B．at C．in front of D．in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——在你的房子前面有一棵大树吗？——是的，有。 考查介词词义辨析。under 在……下面；at 在；in front of在……前面；in 在……里面。根据“Is there a tall tree … your house?”再结合语境可知，in front of“在……前面”符合语境。故选C。 13．Bill gets up ______half past six _____ every morning. A．at; on B．on; in C．at; / D．in; / 【答案】C 【详解】句意：比尔每天早上六点半起床。 考查介词的用法。at表示时间点，通常用于具体的时刻前；on主要用于星期几、具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上前。in强调时间段，与年、月、周、季节、上午、下午或晚上等名词连用。“half past six”表示具体的时刻，所以第一空填at；由every、each等表示频率的副词构成的短语作时间状语时，其前不用介词，所以第二空不填。故选C。 14．You may feel freezing cold ______ a winter morning. A．in B．on C．at D．by 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在冬天的早晨你可能会感到很冷。 考查时间介词辨析。in后接某年某月某季节；on后接具体某一天（的上下午或晚上）等；at后接具体的时刻；by到……之前。“a winter morning”是具体的一天的上午，故选B。 15．_______ the road, then________ the fruit shop and you’ll see our school. A．Walk cross; walk pass B．Cross; past C．Walk across; pass D．Across; past 【答案】C 【详解】句意：走着穿过马路，接下来，过了水果店，你就会看到我们学校。本题考查祈使句和词性辨析。分析句子可知这是一个肯定祈使句，以动词原形开头，A选项中的cross是动词，不能与动词walk搭配；D选项中的across是介词，不能放在祈使句首，排除A和D；walk across表示步行穿过，walk是动词，across是介词，这是一个动词与介词搭配的短语，可以放在第一个空，cross是动词，表示横过，也可以放在第一个空，在B和C里选择。pass是动词；past是介词，不能直接使用，故选C。 16．Chinese people usually enjoy the moon ________ the evening ________ the Mid-Autumn Festival. A．in; for B．on; at C．in; on D．on; of 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在中秋节的晚上，中国人通常赏月。 考查时间介词用法。in后跟年/月；for后跟一段时间；at在（某一时刻）；on在具体的某一天；of……的，所属关系。根据“the evening ... the Mid-Autumn Festival.”可知，此处是在具体某一天的晚上，空一应该用介词on；evening与the Mid-Autumn Festival是所属关系，因此空二用介词of。故选D。 17． He was born _______ the morning _______June 3, 1900. A．in; of B．on; of C．on; at D．at; on 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析：句意：他出生在1900年六月三号的早上。结合语法知识：在具体某一天的上下午前面使用介词on，而短语on the morning of,表示“在……的早上”。.结合句意，故选B。 考点：考查介词的用法。 18．Can you _______ it _______ English? A．say, with B．speak, in C．talk, to D．say, in 【答案】D 【详解】试题分析：句意：你能使用英语说出这个单词吗？结合语法知识：say强调说话内容；speak强调说语言，或者说话的动作；talk意为“谈论；谈话”，不及物动词，结合固定搭配：in English,使用英语.故选D。 考点：考查动词和介词的用法。 19．What do you do _______ the night _______ October 31st? A．at; of B．on; of C．on; at D．at; on 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析：句意：在10月31日的晚上你通常做什么?at后跟时间点；of……的；on表示在具体的某一天，这里就表示在10月31日这一天，故选B。 考点：考查介词的用法。 20．There are six floors _______ our school buildings. Our classroom is _______  the third floor. A．in; on B．in; in C．on; in D．on; on 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：句意：我们的教学楼有六层，我们的教室在第三层。在整个大楼有多少层应该用介词in；教室在具体的几层应该用介词on。故选A。 考点：考查介词的用法。 二、完成句子 21．One of her old friends will teach her how to do woodcarving tomorrow. (同义句转换) ________ old friend of ________ will teach her how to do woodcarving tomorrow. 【答案】 An hers 【详解】句意：她的一个老朋友明天将教她如何做木雕。原句中“One of her old friends”意为“她的一个老朋友”，可改为“An old friend of hers”结构，其中“of + 名词性物主代词”表示所属关系，两者含义相同，保持句意不变。 22．《山海经》是一部关于奇妙生物、神和奇异之地的古代中国奇幻故事集。 The Classic of Mountains and Seas is ________ ancient Chinese fantasy stories about wondrous creatures, gods, and strange places. 【答案】an 【详解】结合中英文提示可知，此处缺“一部”，空后ancient发音是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an表泛指。故填an。 23．桌上的一张便条写着：“食物在冰箱里。” ________ says, “The food is in the fridge.” 【答案】A note on the table 【详解】a note“一张纸条”，此处泛指一张纸条，且note以辅音音素开头，用a修饰；on the table“在桌子上”，作后置定语。故填A note on the table。 24．在我家附近有一个新的民俗博物馆。 There is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ near my house. 【答案】 a new folk art museum 【详解】根据汉语提示可知第一空缺少冠词，泛指一个，后面的空应填“new”，是辅音音素开头，因此第一空用“a”；第二空缺少“新的”，译为“new”；第三空到第五空缺少“民俗博物馆”，译为“folk art museum”。故填a；new；folk；art；museum。 25．Your neighbourhood is so nice. You are lucky to live in it. (改为同义句) You are lucky to live in ________ nice neighbourhood. 【答案】such a 【详解】句意：你的小区/街区真棒。你能住在这儿可真幸运。根据“Your neighbourhood is so nice.”可知此处要表示“如此棒的一个小区”，用“such a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”结构，nice以辅音音素开头，其前用a。故填such a。 26．不远处有人正在湖边露营。 There ________ the lake not far away. 【答案】is someone camping by 【详解】原句中“有人正在湖边露营”是关键词，英文中“There be + 名词 + 现在分词短语”结构表示“有……正在做某事”，主语someone“某人”为单数，故be动词用is；“露营”对应camping，是动词camp的现在分词；“在湖边”对应by the lake。 27．森林里都是树，不同的季节会呈现不同的色彩。 Forests are full of trees, with _________________________________________________. 【答案】different colours in different seasons 【详解】原句中“不同的季节会呈现不同的色彩”是关键词，空前的with是介词，后面不能接完整的句子，需要接名词/名词短语，构成“with+名词+介词短语”的复合结构，用来补充说明前面名词的特征或状态，different colours表示“不同的色彩”，介词短语是in different seasons，表示“在不同的季节”。 28．众所周知，人类是通过鼻子和嘴吸入空气。 It’s well known that _____________________. 【答案】humans take in air through the nose and mouth 【详解】原句中“人类是通过鼻子和嘴吸入空气”是关键信息，“人类”对应“humans”；“通过鼻子和嘴”对应“through the nose and mouth”；“吸入空气”对应“take in air”。本句为一般现在时，故从句也用一般现在时。 29．停电的时候除了和家人闲聊没有什么其他事可做。 There ________ ________ ________ ________ but ________ with family when there is a power cut. 【答案】 is nothing to do chat 【详解】固定结构There is nothing to do but do sth意思是“除了……没别的事可做”，but (表示“除了”) 前出现了实义动词do，but后要省略不定式符号to，填动词原形chat`“闲聊”，符合句意。故填is；nothing；to；do；chat。 30．晚上除了读书没事可做。 ________________________ in the evening. 【答案】There is nothing to do but read 【详解】原句中“没事可做”可以用There is nothing to do来表示，“除了”可以用but表示，这里作介词，后接动词不定式，前面有行为动词do的时候，省略to，直接跟动词原形read。 一、完形填空 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 There was once a young painter named Zhou Xi. She loved to 31 every corner of her paintings with bright colors and detailed designs. It was 32 she thought more was better. One day, she 33 an old master painter. The master showed her a beautiful landscape painting. Zhou was 34 to see half of the paper was empty—only a few birds 35 in the clear sky, and a small boat floated on the calm water. “Why did you leave so much space blank?” Zhou asked. The master smiled and said, “Look again. Does the 36 part make you feel peaceful?” Zhou Xi looked at the painting carefully. The blank space did look like a wide 37 . The birds were flying in it freely. Suddenly, she felt as if she could breathe more easily. “Life is like this painting,” the master said. “If we try to fill every moment with work, study or plans, we’ll feel 38 . Leave some ‘blank space’—time to rest and 39 so that we can enjoy quietness and let our hearts ‘breathe’. Just as the empty sky in the painting makes the flying birds look freer, empty 40 in life make us more relaxed.” Zhou nodded. She began to know that leaving room for nothing was a good 41 . So she started to paint with more “blank space” in her works. Sometimes she drew a lonely mountain with empty air around it; sometimes she left a corner of the paper empty. When people looked at her paintings, they felt 42 and thought a lot. Just as a painter needs to leave blank space for 43 , we need to leave time in life for rest and thinking. Don’t fill every minute with busyness— 44 ourselves to be “empty” sometimes. That’s when we can truly see the beauty of peace and find happiness in the 45 moments. Let’s have a try. 31．A．feel B．fix C．fill D．focus 32．A．because B．until C．before D．if 33．A．remembered B．visited C．missed D．watched 34．A．sad B．enjoyable C．afraid D．surprised 35．A．flew B．sang C．jumped D．walked 36．A．full B．beautiful C．empty D．narrow 37．A．sky B．street C．bridge D．road 38．A．happy B．tired C．excited D．relaxed 39．A．play B．think C．dance D．sing 40．A．seats B．books C．moments D．brains 41．A．work B．mould C．part D．idea 42．A．worried B．calm C．nervous D．bored 43．A．time B．money C．space D．beauty 44．A．agree B．allow C．arrive D．attract 45．A．quiet B．busy C．hard D．important 【答案】 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．D 35．A 36．C 37．A 38．B 39．B 40．C 41．D 42．B 43．D 44．B 45．A 【导语】本文讲述了年轻画家周曦一开始喜欢用明亮的颜色和精细的图案填满画作的每个角落，在向一位老画家大师学习后，明白了留白的重要性，进而在生活和绘画中都要给自己留出休息和思考的时间。 【详解】31．句意：她喜欢用明亮的颜色和精细的图案填满画作的每个角落。 feel感觉；fix修理；fill充满；focus集中。根据“every corner of her paintings with bright colors and detailed designs”可知是用明亮的颜色和精细的图案填满画作的每个角落。故选C。 32．句意：这是因为她认为越多越好。 because因为；until直到；before在……之前；if如果。空后的句子是前句的原因，故此处用because引导表语从句。故选A。 33．句意：一天，她拜访了一位老画家大师。 remembered记得；visited拜访；missed错过；watched观看。根据“an old master painter”可知是去拜访大师。故选B。 34．句意：周惊讶地发现，半张纸是空的——只有几只鸟在晴朗的天空中飞翔，一艘小船在平静的水面上漂浮。 sad悲伤的；enjoyable令人愉快的；afraid害怕的；surprised惊讶的。根据“see half of the paper was empty”可知看到半张纸是空白的，她应该很惊讶。故选D。 35．句意：周惊讶地发现，半张纸是空的——只有几只鸟在晴朗的天空中飞翔，一艘小船在平静的水面上漂浮。 flew飞；sang唱；jumped跳跃；walked步行。根据“a few birds...in the clear sky”可知鸟在天空中飞翔。故选A。 36．句意：这片空白是否让你感到宁静？ full满的；beautiful美丽的；empty空的；narrow狭窄的。根据“The blank space did look like a wide”可知此处指空白的部分。故选C。 37．句意：空白处看起来确实像辽阔的天空。 sky天空；street街道；bridge桥梁；road道路。根据“The birds were flying in it freely.”可知空白处看起来像天空，鸟在里面自由地飞翔。故选A。 38．句意：如果我们试图用工作、学习或计划来填满每一刻，我们会感到疲倦。 happy快乐的；tired疲倦的；excited兴奋的；relaxed放松的。根据“If we try to fill every moment with work, study or plans”可知用工作、学习或计划来填满每一刻，我们会感到疲倦。故选B。 39．句意：留些“空白”——休息与思考的时间，这样我们才能享受宁静，让我们的心“呼吸”。 play玩耍；think思考；dance跳舞；sing唱歌。根据“leave time in life for rest and thinking”可知是休息和思考的时间。故选B。 40．句意：正如画中空旷的天空让飞翔的鸟儿看起来更自由一样，生活中的空白时刻也让我们更放松。 seats座位；books书籍；moments时刻；brains大脑。根据“time to rest and”可知生活中要留一些空白时刻。故选C。 41．句意：她开始明白留白是一个好想法。 work工作；mould模具；part部分；idea想法。根据“leaving room for nothing was a good”可知留白是一个好想法。故选D。 42．句意：当人们看她的画时，他们感到平静，并思考很多。 worried担忧的；calm平静的；nervous紧张的；bored无聊的。根据“part make you feel peaceful”以及“and thought a lot”可知她的画有一些留白，这让看画的人感到平静，并进行思考。故选B。 43．句意：正如画家为了美感需要给空间留白，我们也需要为生活中的休息和思考留出时间。 time时间；money金钱；space空间；beauty美丽。根据下文“ That’s when we can truly see the beauty of peace and find happiness in the…moments. Let’s have a try.leave blank space for”可知，画家在画作中留白是用于创造平静、自由和深思的美学效果（beauty），正如人们从周熙画作中感受到的平静和思考。故选D。 44．句意：不要每分钟都忙——允许自己偶尔“空”下来。 agree同意；allow允许；arrive到达；attract吸引。根据“ourselves to be ‘empty’ sometimes.”可知是允许自己偶尔“空”下来。故选B。 45．句意：那时，我们才能真正看到平静的美丽，在宁静的时刻找到幸福。 quiet安静的；busy忙碌的；hard困难的；important重要的。根据“see the beauty of peace and find happiness in the...moments”可知是在宁静的时刻找到幸福。故选A。 二、阅读理解 ①Plants can help with climate (气候) change by taking in carbon dioxide (二氧化碳). But if it gets too hot, they might do something bad, a new study said. ②Plants play an important role in our life. They take in air through quite small holes in their leaves. Then, with the help of sunlight, they turn this air into food and give out oxygen (氧气) that we need to breathe at the same time. Before, people thought plants lost most of their water through these small holes. In fact, when the weather is hot, the holes close. This way plants don’t lose too much water. It’s like a smart way for plants to protect themselves. ③However, a new study found something surprising. When it is hot, plants lose more water through a layer (层) on their leaves. This layer is always open and cannot close, just like a window that stays open all the time. So, in very hot weather, plants keep losing water but can’t take in air to make food. Imagine if you are thirsty but can’t drink water or eat food—how hard it will be! That’s how plants feel in hot weather. This makes it hard for them to clean the air by taking in carbon dioxide. ④If it gets too hot, something worse might happen. Plants might even give out carbon dioxide back into the air. This could make climate change worse. Scientists say this could happen when the temperature (温度) is about 30℃. Can you believe it? A little change in temperature can make such a big difference. ⑤We need to take care of the environment (环境) and try to stop the Earth from getting too hot. Planting more trees is good, but we also need to keep the Earth from getting warmer. Every small thing we do to protect the environment helps. Let’s work together to keep the Earth cool and healthy for all plants and animals. 46．Plants usually take in carbon dioxide through ________. A．sunlight B．oxygen C．the holes in the leaves D．a layer on their leaves 47．According to the new study, what will happen to plants when it is very hot? A．They will take in more air. B．They will lose more water. C．More leaves will fall down from them. D．More holes will grow in their leaves. 48．What can we know from the last paragraph? a. Even small things friendly to the environment work. b. We need to keep the Earth healthy by working together. c. Planting trees is the only way to protect the environment.     d. We’d better do something to stop the Earth from getting too hot. A．abc B．acd C．abd D．bcd 49．Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ……) A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②③/④⑤ C．①②③④⑤ D．①/②③④⑤ 【答案】46．C 47．B 48．C 49．A 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。主要介绍了植物在应对气候变化中的作用，以及新研究发现的高温对植物吸收二氧化碳、水分流失等方面的影响，并呼吁人们保护环境以阻止地球过热。 46．细节理解题。根据“Plants take in air through quite small holes in their leaves.”可知，植物通常通过叶子上的小孔吸收二氧化碳。故选C。 47．主旨大意题。根据“When it is hot, plants lose more water through a layer (层) on their leaves.”可知，根据这项新研究，天气非常热的时候，植物会流失更多的水分。故选B。 48．推理判断题。根据“We need to take care of the environment (环境) and try to stop the Earth from getting too hot. Planting more trees is good, but we also need to keep the Earth from getting warmer. Every small thing we do to protect the environment helps. Let’s work together to keep the Earth cool and healthy for all plants and animals.”可知，从最后一段我们可以知道，即使是对环境有益的小事也会起作用，我们需要通过共同努力来保持地球的健康，我们最好做些事情来阻止地球变得太热。故选C。   49． 篇章结构题。根据文章内容，第一段引出植物与气候变化的话题；第二、三、四段详细阐述了植物的相关功能、新研究发现的高温对植物的影响及可能带来的更严重后果；第五段总结并呼吁保护地球环境。可知文章结构为①/②③④/⑤。故选A。 3、 任务型阅读 Simple songs play an important role in kids’ life. They can change a kid’s life forever. Think about it, you may still remember some songs from when you were little. The same thing happens today. Songs can help kids learn faster and remember new things better in daily life. Music and speaking both have rhythms. When kids sing, they can feel the rhythms. In talking, we use stops and stress on syllables or words to show feelings and important points. Songs and rhymes can help us remember different kinds of things. Music goes to many parts of the brain, and gets stored (储存) in different memory (记忆) places. When kids store memories in more places, they can remember things better. Kids learn languages faster by singing than by listening to long talks. Singing helps kids learn new words and expressions quickly. If your kid is young, singing is a good way to teach him new words and expressions. Singing more times helps turn what they learn into long-term (长期的) memory. Small differences in spoken language can influence (影响) young kids’ reading. Consonants such as “b” and “p” are hard for kids to tell apart on paper, but they can learn from songs. This can help them know the difference when reading. Also, songs can improve (提高) kids’ creativity. When kids listen to songs, they often imagine different pictures and stories in their minds, which helps with their creative thinking. What’s more, singing songs together with friends or family can make kids more confident (自信的) and help them have better social skills. They can share happiness through music and learn how to work together with others. 50．How can songs help kids in daily life? 51．Why do we use stops and stress in talking? 52．What can help kids have long-term memory? 53．When kids find it hard to tell apart “b” and “p” on paper, what can they do? 54．Do you like singing? Why or why not? (请自拟一句话作答) 【答案】50．They can help kids learn faster and remember new things better. 51．To show feelings and important points. 52．Singing more times. 53．They can learn from songs. 54．Yes, I do. Because singing can make me feel happy and relaxed. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了简单歌曲在孩子生活中扮演重要角色，能帮助他们学习、记忆、提高语言能力、创造力及社交技能等。 50．根据“Songs can help kids learn faster and remember new things better in daily life.”可知，歌曲能帮助孩子们在日常生活中学得更快，更好地记住新事物。故填They can help kids learn faster and remember new things better. 51．根据“In talking, we use stops and stress on syllables or words to show feelings and important points.”可知，在说话时，我们在音节或单词上使用停顿和重音是为了表达感情和要点。故填To show feelings and important points.   52．根据“Singing more times helps turn what they learn into long-term (长期的) memory.”可知，多唱歌能帮助孩子们形成长期记忆。故填Singing more times. 53．根据“Consonants such as “b” and “p” are hard for kids to tell apart on paper, but they can learn from songs.”可知，当孩子们在纸上难以区分“b”和“p”时，他们可以从歌曲中学习。故填They can learn from songs. 54．开放性试题，回答合理即可。示例：Yes, I do. Because singing can make me feel happy and relaxed. 4、 语法填空 请认真阅读下面短文，在标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you seen Jingtailan in your daily life or in a museum? Jingtailan is a traditional handcraft with 55 (colour) designs on metal (金属). It became popular during the time of Emperor Jingtai in the Ming Dynasty. Li Jinglong and Guan Dian 56 (fall) in love with Jingtailan by chance. They wanted to let more people know about it. So they opened a workshop—Handcraft Addicted in Beijing. Last summer, I visited the workshop with my parents, and that’s where I 57 (one) saw this amazing art. In the exhibition hall, there was a large 58 (collect) of Jingtailan works. Among them, a beautiful Jingtailan vase caught my eyes. 59 (it) body was covered with bright blue, red and green patterns (图案) like a beautiful garden. The birds on it looked so real that I 60 (think) they might fly out! The guide told us that making Jingtailan needed many steps. They included (包含) creating a metal base, using metal lines 61 (make) a design, filling the space with colored powders and firing. I was so surprised to learn that each piece was made by hand. I looked at the fantastic details 62 (happy). In the hall, I saw different kinds of Jingtailan works, such as jewelry boxes, vases, fruit plates and so on. Each one was different. Through the trip, I know Jingtailan is not just a handcraft. It’s a treasure of Chinese culture, showing us how great our ancestors (祖先) were and how important it 63 (be) for us to keep these traditions alive. More and more people enjoy cultural trips. Handcraft Addicted is really an interesting place to visit. I hope you 64 (visit) it some day. I’m sure it is worth a visit. 【答案】 55．colourful 56．fell 57．first 58．collection 59．Its 60．thought 61．to make 62．happily 63．is 64．will visit 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统手工艺品景泰蓝，包括其历史、制作过程以及作者对景泰蓝的欣赏和对中国传统文化的感慨。 【详解】55．句意：景泰蓝是一种在金属上有着色彩鲜艳图案的传统手工艺品。根据“designs”可知，此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词designs，表示“色彩鲜艳的”。colour的形容词形式为colourful，意为“色彩鲜艳的”。故填colourful。 56．句意：李金龙和关典偶然爱上了景泰蓝。根据“Li Jinglong and Guan Dian...in love with Jingtailan by chance.”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时，动词fall的过去式为fell。故填fell。 57．句意：去年夏天，我和父母一起参观了这个工作室，那是我第一次看到这种令人惊叹的艺术。根据“I...saw this amazing art”可知，此处表示“第一次”看到这种艺术，因此用副词first。故填first。 58．句意：在展览厅里，有大量的景泰蓝作品收藏。根据“a large...of Jingtailan works”可知，此处表示“大量的收藏”，因此用名词collection，表示“收藏品”，且前面有不定冠词a，所以用单数形式。故填collection。 59．句意：它的身体覆盖着明亮的蓝色、红色和绿色的图案，像一个美丽的花园。根据“...body was covered with bright blue, red and green patterns”可知，此处表示“它的身体”，因此用形容词性物主代词its，修饰名词body。故填Its。 60．句意：上面的鸟儿看起来如此逼真，以至于我以为它们可能会飞出来！根据“The birds on it looked so real that I...they might fly out!”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时，动词think的过去式为thought。故填thought。 61．句意：它们包括创建一个金属底座，使用金属线制作设计，填充彩色粉末和烧制。根据“using metal lines...a design”可知，此处表示“使用金属线来制作设计”，use sth. to do sth.“使用某物做某事”。故填to make。 62．句意：我高兴地看着这些奇妙的细节。根据“I looked at the fantastic details...”可知，此处表示“高兴地看着”，因此用副词happily，修饰动词looked。故填happily。 63．句意：它展示了我们的祖先是多么伟大，以及保持这些传统对我们来说是多么重要。根据“how important it...for us to keep these traditions alive”可知，句子描述的是现在的情况，因此用一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，所以be动词用is。故填is。 64．句意：我希望有一天你能去参观。根据“I hope you...it some day.”可知，此处表示“希望有一天你能去参观”，因此用一般将来时，其结构为will+动词原形。故填will visit。 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在标有题号的横线上，完整写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Charlie entered the shop and put a wet 50-yuan on the counter (柜台). “One chocolate,” he said. The shopkeeper behind the counter looked fat. He reached behind him for the chocolate bar, and h 65 it to Charlie. Charlie quickly tore (撕) off the wrapper and c 66 wait to take a huge bite. Then he took another…and another…and oh, how happy he felt to be able to eat large pieces of s 67 sweet into his mouth. “It seems that you liked that one so much, kid,” the shopkeeper said happily. Charlie nodded, w 68 his mouth full of chocolate. The shopkeeper put Charlie’s c 69 on the counter. “Take it easy,” he said. “You will feel sick if you eat it like that without chewing (咀嚼).” H 70 , Charlie didn’t listen to him. In less than half a minute, the w 71 chocolate had disappeared down his throat. He reached out to take the change but stopped. “I think,” he said quietly, “I think…I’ll have just one m 72 of those chocolate bars, please.” “Why not?” the fat shopkeeper said, r 73 behind him again, taking another chocolate from the shelf and putting it on the counter. Charlie picked it up and tore off the wrapper. S 74 , from under the wrapper, there came a piece of gold. “It’s a Golden Ticket!” the shopkeeper shouted, jumping about a foot in the air. “You’ve got a Golden Ticket! You’ve found the last Golden Ticket! Hey, would you believe it!” 【答案】 65．(h)anded 66．(c)ouldn’t 67．(s)omething 68．(w)ith 69．(c)hange 70．(H)owever 71．(w)hole 72．(m)ore 73．(r)eaching 74．(S)uddenly 【导语】本文讲述了查理在商店买巧克力的故事。他买了一块巧克力，吃得很快，然后又买了一块，结果在第二块巧克力的包装纸下发现了金票。 65．句意：他伸手从背后拿起巧克力棒，递给查理。根据“it to Charlie.”以及首字母提示，句子描述店主伸手拿巧克力后“递给”查理，hand符合语境，该句是一般过去时，动词填过去式，故填(h)anded。 66．句意：查理迅速撕开包装纸，迫不及待地咬了一大口。根据“wait to take a huge bite”以及首字母提示，此处是固定搭配can’t wait to do“迫不及待做某事”，结合前文“tore”可知时态为一般过去时，故填(c)ouldn’t。 67．句意：他感到多么幸福，他可以把大块的甜食吃进嘴里了。根据“sweet into his mouth”以及首字母提示，此处指某种甜食，something“某物”符合语境，故填(s)omething。 68．句意：查理点了点头，嘴里塞满巧克力。根据“his mouth full of chocolate”以及首字母提示，此处用“with+名词”表示伴随状态，即嘴里塞满巧克力，故填(w)ith。 69．句意：店主把查理的找零放在柜台上。根据“put Charlie’s…on the counter”以及前文“put a wet 50-yuan on the counter”可知，此处指店主将剩余的钱放回柜台，change“找零”符合语境，故填(c)hange。 70．句意：然而，查理没有听他的。根据前文店主提醒“吃太快会不舒服”和后文“查理没听”并结合首字母可知，此处表转折，however“然而”符合语境，故填(H)owever。 71．句意：不到半分钟，整块巧克力就进了他的喉咙。根据“had disappeared down his throat”以及首字母提示，此处指查理很快吃完了“整块”巧克力，whole“整个的”符合语境，故填(w)hole。 72．句意：我还要再吃一块那种巧克力。根据“I’ll have just one…of those chocolate bars”以及首字母提示，此处指“再一块”，more符合语境，one more“再多一个”，故填(m)ore。 73．句意：胖店主说着，再次伸手到身后，从架子上拿了另一块巧克力。根据“behind him again”以及首字母提示，此处描述店主“伸手”拿巧克力，reach“伸手”符合语境，此处用现在分词作伴随状语，故填(r)eaching。 74．句意：突然，包装纸下露出了一块金纸。根据“from under the wrapper, there came a piece of gold”以及首字母提示，此处强调金纸出现的“突然性”，suddenly“突然”符合语境，故填(S)uddenly。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $