2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末模拟试卷（南京专用）-2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末复习（译林版2024）

2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末模拟试卷（南京专用） 满分90分,时间为90分钟 一、单项填空(共15小题每小题1分满分15分) 请认真阅读下列各题从题中所给的ABCD个中最佳选并在答卡上将该项涂黑。 A Every Saturday, Wang Weifang puts on a play with his friends in a small town near Xi’an. The audience can hear them, 1 they cannot see them. That is because they are putting on a shadow puppet play. Shadow puppets 2 hard leather. The leather is cut out 3 the shape of a person, an animal or an object. Each puppet 4 in bright colours and put on a stick. Some puppets have 5 arms and legs. 1．A．and B．or C．but D．so 2．A．is made of B．is made from C．are made of D．are made from 3．A．for B．on C．at D．in 4．A．is printed B．is printing C．are printed D．printed 5．A．move B．movement C．movable D．moved 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍皮影戏及其木偶。 1．句意：观众可以听到他们（的声音），但是却看不到他们。 and和，又；or或者；but但是；so所以。根据“The audience can hear them...”和“...they cannot see them.”之间的逻辑关系可知，此处表示转折，应用连词but。故选C。 2．句意：皮影是用硬皮革做成的。 is made of“由……构成”，主语为单数；is made from“由……做成”，主语为单数；are made of“由……构成”，主语为复数；are made from“由……做成”，主语为复数。Shadow puppets作主语，复数，且能够看出制作的原材料“hard leather”，所以应用短语are made of。故选C。 3．句意：皮革被切成人、动物或物品的形状。 for为；on在……上；at在（某时间或时刻）；in在……里。in the shape of是固定搭配，表示“以……的形状”。故选D。 4．句意：每个木偶都被印上鲜艳的颜色，并放在一根棍子上。 is printed“被印上”，主语为单数；is printing“正在印”，主语为单数；are printed“被印上”，主语为复数；printed“打印，印刷”，过去式。each puppet作主语，表示单数，与谓语动词存在被动关系，应用被动语态。故选A。 5．句意：有些木偶有活动的四肢。 move“移动”，动词原形；movement“移动，运动”，名词；movable“活动的，可移动的”，形容词；moved“移动”，过去式。根据句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作定语，修饰“ arms and legs”。故选C。 B Scientists in California have discovered a new kind of snailfish. It lives more than 3 kilometers under the Pacific Ocean. But if you were imagining a large, 6 creature, you’d be wrong. One researcher even called it “adorable”. These snailfish are strange little creatures. They have big heads and jelly-like bodies. There are no scales on their loose skin. Many have a special disc on their bellies. It lets them 7 onto the sea floor, or even catch a ride on an animal like a crab. Some snailfish live in shallow areas of the ocean. They curl up on rocks like a snail. 8 live in the deep ocean. To explore the deep sea, scientists 9 a small submarine and a robot. The robot’s cameras spotted a pink snailfish about the size of a deck of cards. The team also found two other unusual snailfish. One was very black and the other was long and thin. One scientist said, “Studying these tiny deep-sea fish shows how 10 we know about the ocean. These snailfish are a reminder of the power of curiosity and exploration.” 6．A．scare B．scared C．scary D．scaring 7．A．grab B．to grab C．grabbing D．grabbed 8．A．Other B．Others C．The others D．Another 9．A．used B．were using C．had used D．will use 10．A．few B．a few C．a little D．little 【答案】6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了科学家在太平洋深处发现的一种新蜗牛鱼，描述了它们的奇特外貌、生活习性以及科学家探索深海的方式，最后指出这些发现提醒我们对海洋知之甚少。 6．句意：但如果你想象一个大的、可怕的生物，那你就错了。一位研究人员甚至称它为“可爱”。 此处需要一个形容词，在句中表示“令人害怕的”。因为前文提到“large”暗示可能令人恐惧，但实际这种鱼很可爱，scary“可怕的”，符合题意。scared“感到害怕的”，主语通常为人；scaring较少用作形容词；scare为动词或名词，均不符合题意。 7．句意：它们腹部有一个特殊的圆盘，可以让它们抓住海底，甚至搭上螃蟹等动物的便车。 此处需要一个动词原形，在句中与“let them”构成“let sb. do sth.”结构。因为let后面接不带to的动词不定式，grab“抓住”，动词原形，符合题意。to grab为动词不定式，grabbing为现在分词，grabbed为过去式，均不符合语法。 8．句意：有些蜗牛鱼生活在海洋浅水区，它们像蜗牛一样蜷缩在岩石上。其他一些生活在深海。 此处需要一个不定代词，在句中作主语，表示“其他一些蜗牛鱼”。因为前面用“Some”泛指一些，后面用“Others”对应泛指另一些，符合语境。Other为形容词，不能单独作主语；The others特指剩余的全部，范围不符；Another指另一个，与复数不符。 9．句意：为了探索深海，科学家们使用了一艘小型潜艇和一个机器人。 此处需要一个一般过去时的谓语动词，在句中表示过去发生的动作。因为全文叙述过去的研究活动，且后文“spotted”为过去时，used“使用”，动词的过去式，符合题意。were using过去进行时强调动作持续，但此处仅陈述事实；had used过去完成时需要有过去参照点；will use将来时与语境不符。 10．句意：研究这些微小的深海鱼表明，我们对海洋的了解是多么之少。 此处需要一个表示否定意义的副词或限定词，在句中修饰动词“know”或表示知识量少。how little we know是固定结构，little作副词意为“很少”，表示否定含义，符合题意。few修饰可数名词，不能直接修饰动词know；a few表示“一点儿”，修饰可数名词，a little表示肯定“一点儿”，均不符合语境。 C My name is Anna. Last week, I had a bad cold. I felt tired and had a high fever. My mom was worried about me and took me to the hospital. The doctor checked me 11 and said I needed to rest at home. He told me to drink more warm water and 12 medicine on time. My mom cooked light food for me, like porridge and vegetables. It was not delicious, but it was good for my health. I stayed in bed for two days. During that time, I couldn’t go to school. I felt a little bored, but my friends sent me messages to show they cared about me. That made me 13 happy. On the third day, my fever went down. I started to feel better. I decided to exercise more 14 healthy. Now, I run for 20 minutes every morning. I also eat more fruit and vegetables. Staying healthy is very important. We should take good care of ourselves. If we get sick, we need to follow the doctor’s advice and rest well. Only in this way can we get better 15 . 11．A．careful B．care C．carefully D．carelessly 12．A．eat B．take C．have D．drink 13．A．feel B．felt C．to feel D．feeling 14．A．stayed B．staying C．to stay D．stay 15．A．slowly B．hardly C．late D．quickly 【答案】11．C 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文讲述了Anna生病就医、休养恢复，并由此感悟到保持健康重要性的故事。 11．句意：医生仔细地给我做了检查，说我需要在家休息。 句子中“checked me”是动词短语，需要副词来修饰，根据上下文，医生给病人检查应是认真、仔细的，carefully“仔细地”符合语境。careful是形容词，不能修饰动词；care是名词/动词；carelessly“粗心地”不符合语境。 12．句意：他告诉我多喝温水并按时吃药。 这里指医生嘱咐按时吃药，固定搭配take medicine表示“吃药”。eat“吃”、have“吃/有”、drink“喝”均不符合吃药的固定表达。 13．句意：那让我感到开心。 句子中“made me”后接不带to的动词原形，构成make sb. do sth.结构，表示“使某人做某事”。 14．句意：我决定多锻炼来保持健康。 句子中“decided to exercise more”的目的是保持健康，应用动词不定式to stay healthy作目的状语，表示“为了保持健康”。 15．句意：只有这样我们才能快速地康复。 遵循医嘱好好休息能让我们更快恢复健康，quickly“快速地”符合语境。 二、完形填空（共10小题；毎小题1分,满分10分） 请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Lisa worked with her mother in their vegetable garden every day to make a living. They sold the vegetables at the farmers’ 16 . Lisa made sure the plants were never too dry, so the vegetables would be healthy and 17 for the market. However, while caring for the vegetables, she often 18 they were beautiful flowers. Lisa could only 19 growing flowers. Her mother didn’t 20 her to grow any because she thought it wasn’t practical. Only city people buy flowers, 21 no one in the poor village would waste money on something so silly. One day, she saw Mrs. Bradley, the only person who planted flowers in the village, pull up a weak plant and throw it away. Lisa quietly 22 the withered (枯萎的) plant and rushed home. She planted it as 23 as she could and took care of it in secret every day. Time spent with the little plant made Lisa’s long days not so 24 . One morning, she was amazed to see her flower bloom (盛放). It was the most beautiful flower Lisa had ever seen! She realized that the 25 of life comes from doing what one loves. In growing flowers, she had also grown a more colorful life. 16．A．farm B．field C．house D．market 17．A．tall B．ready C．cheap D．famous 18．A．doubted B．promised C．realized D．wished 19．A．insist on B．depend on C．dream about D．fight for 20．A．ask B．allow C．remind D．promise 21．A．if B．unless C．while D．though 22．A．picked up B．set up C．put up D．tidied up 23．A．clearly B．carefully C．politely D．peacefully 24．A．boring B．interesting C．exciting D．surprising 25．A．cycle B．balance C．duty D．joy 【答案】16．D 17．B 18．D 19．C 20．B 21．C 22．A 23．B 24．A 25．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述莉萨为谋生和母亲在菜园劳作并售卖蔬菜，她一直梦想种植花朵却未获母亲允许，后来偷偷照料一株枯萎的花苗使其盛放的故事。 16．句意：她们在农贸市场售卖蔬菜。 farm农场；field田地；house房子；market市场。根据原文“sold the vegetables”可知，售卖蔬菜的场所是“市场”，“farmers ’ market”表示“农贸市场”，故选D。 17．句意：莉萨确保植物不会太干，这样蔬菜就能健康且为上市做好准备。 tall高的；ready准备好的；cheap便宜的；famous著名的。根据原文“for the market”可知，蔬菜养护好是为了“准备好”上市，“be ready for”表示“为……做好准备”，故选B。 18．句意：然而，在照料蔬菜时，她常常希望它们是美丽的花朵。 doubted怀疑；promised承诺；realized意识到；wished希望。根据原文“while caring for the vegetables...they were beautiful flowers”可知，应是照料蔬菜时“希望”它们是花，故选D。 19．句意：莉萨只能梦想种植花朵。 insist on坚持；depend on依靠；dream about梦想；fight for为……而战。根据原文“her mother didn’t...her to grow any”可知，母亲不允许她种花，所以她只能“梦想”，故选C。 20．句意：她母亲不允许她种任何花，因为觉得这不实用。 ask询问；allow允许；remind提醒；promise承诺。根据原文“it wasn’t practical”可知，母亲认为种花不实用，所以“不允许”她种，“allow sb. to do sth.”表示“允许某人做某事”，故选B。 21．句意：只有城里人买花，而贫穷村庄里没人会把钱浪费在这种无用的东西上。 if如果；unless除非；while而、然而（表对比）；though尽管。根据原文“Only city people buy flowers”与“no one in the poor village would waste money”可知，前后是对比关系，用while，故选C。 22．句意：莉萨悄悄地捡起那株枯萎的植物，冲回了家。 picked up捡起；set up建立；put up举起；tidied up整理。根据原文“pull up a weak plant and throw it away”可知，布拉德利夫人扔掉了枯萎的植物，莉萨把它“捡起”，故选A。 23．句意：她尽可能小心地把它种下，每天偷偷照料它。 clearly清晰地；carefully小心地；politely礼貌地；peacefully平静地。根据原文“took care of it in secret every day”可知，她偷偷精心照料花苗，种植时也会“小心地”，故选B。 24．句意：和这株小植物相处的时光让莉萨漫长的日子不再那么无聊。 boring无聊的；interesting有趣的；exciting令人兴奋的；surprising令人惊讶的。根据原文“she was amazed to see her flower bloom”可知，她喜爱这株花苗，和它相处让日子不再“无聊”，故选A。 25．句意：她意识到人生的乐趣源于做自己热爱的事。 cycle循环；balance平衡；duty责任；joy乐趣。根据原文“In growing flowers, she had also grown a more colorful life”可知，种花让她的生活更丰富多彩，说明这是人生的“乐趣”，故选D。 三、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分） 请认真阅读下列材料, 从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Chinese food is loved by people all over the world. Here are four famous Chinese dishes. If you come to China, just try them. Beijing Roast DuckIt was called “roast duck” in the Tang Dynasty. It became popular in the Ming Dynasty and the emperor liked it a lot. When the capital moved to Beijing, it spread and got its name. Lanzhou LamianIt is a famous Chinese noodle dish. The noodles are made by stretching dough (面团) by hand into thin pieces. It started in Qing Dynasty and was brought to Lanzhou by a cook from Henan Province. Chongqing Hot PotIt is a spicy dish famous across the country. Chongqing held hot pot festivals to help the local economy. The hot pot industry not only shares Chinese culture but also helps tourism. RoujiamoIt is a popular street snack from Xi’an. The meat is cooked with over 20 spices (香料) for hours, giving it a special taste. A visit to Xi’an is not complete without trying this tasty snack. 26．The underlined word “stretching” probably means _________. A．baking B．pulling C．cutting D．adding 27．What is special about the meat in Roujiamo? A．It is fried quickly. B．It is made with a few spices. C．It is served cold. D．It is cooked with many spices. 28．Where is the text probably from? A．A science report. B．A history textbook. C．A travel guide. D．A shopping list. 【答案】26．B 27．D 28．C 【导语】本文介绍了四种举世闻名的中国美食（北京烤鸭、兰州拉面、重庆火锅和肉夹馍）及其历史背景和文化特色。 26．细节理解题。根据“The noodles are made by stretching dough by hand into thin pieces”可知制作拉面时需要用手将面团拉成薄片，因此“stretching”在此处的含义是“拉拽”，与“pulling”意思相近，故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据“The meat is cooked with over 20 spices for hours”可知肉夹馍的特殊之处在于其肉馅需用20多种香料长时间炖煮，故选D。 28．推理判断题。全文围绕中国特色美食展开介绍，并多次出现“If you come to China, just try them”“A visit to Xi’an is not complete without…”等旅行推荐用语，最可能出自旅游指南，故选C。 B Have you ever eaten something that you grew in your own garden? Many people have not had the pleasure of this experience. Alice Waters, the owner of Chez Panisse Restaurant, set out to change this for a special group of students at Martin Luther King Junior Middle School in Berkeley, California. Waters worked with the school’s principal (校长), Neil Smith, to create a cooking and gardening program at the school. Waters believes in the importance of people knowing where their food comes from. She also believes that there is a strong relationship (关系) between food, health, and the environment. She wanted to show children the pleasure in gardening and in preparing the foods that they grew. She wanted to teach them that a healthy body and a healthy environment go hand in hand. The program that Waters began took a lot of time and patience (耐心). Teachers, students, and community volunteers helped her turn a parking area into a garden. In 1995, the first crops were planted. Every year since then, new crops are evaluated (评价) to make sure that they are best suited (合适) for the environment and the needs of the school. Students have found that they look forward to the time they spend in the garden each week. They have learned how to grow and harvest. They have learned about the life cycles of various plants. Alice Waters dreams that one day there will be a garden in every school in the United States. 29．What is Para 2 mainly about? A．How Alice Waters started the program. B．Where Alice Waters started the program. C．Why Alice Waters started the program. D．When Alice Waters started the program. 30．What is TRUE about the program? A．It started more than 20 years ago. B．They turned a part of the playground into a garden. C．They have planted the same crops every year. D．The students showed little interest in it at first. 31．Which can be the best title for the reading? A．Working With Schools in California B．Gardening Becomes Popular in US C．Healthy Body Comes with Healthy Environment D．Garden Program Helps Students Grow their Own Food 【答案】29．C 30．A 31．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了Alice Waters在加州伯克利的马丁·路德·金初中与校长Neil Smith合作，共同创建了一个烹饪和园艺项目，旨在让学生了解食物来源，体验种植和烹饪的乐趣，并认识到健康身体与健康环境之间的紧密联系。 29．主旨大意题。根据“Waters believes in the importance of people knowing where their food comes from...She wanted to show children the pleasure in gardening and in preparing the foods that they grew.”可知，第二段主要讲述了Alice Waters为什么开始这个项目，她希望通过这个项目让学生了解食物来源，体验种植和烹饪的乐趣。故选C。 30．细节理解题。根据“In 1995, the first crops were planted.”可知，这个项目是在1995年开始的，至今已有20多年。故选A。 31．最佳标题题。文章主要讲述了Alice Waters创建的烹饪和园艺项目如何帮助学生种植自己的食物，并让他们了解食物来源、体验种植和烹饪的乐趣。因此，D选项“花园项目帮助学生种植自己的食物”最能概括文章的主旨。故选D。 C Scientists have found a new way to study the health of soil—by listening to it. They think their way could help people monitor (监测) and improve soil around the world. All living things — animals, insects, and even plants — make sounds, and by listening we can study those noises. The way has been used to watch bats, birds and sea animals. Scientists in Australia wanted to see if they could use listening to check how healthy soil was. Soil can be filled with many living things, and the greater the variety (多样性) of living things, the healthier the soil. For example, animals without backbones like ants and worms help nutrients (营养) and water pass through soil. However, the change of the environment and human activities have reduced the variety of living things in soil. “It’s very important to monitor the variety of living things in soil,” Robinson said. For the study, the scientists first put special microphones (麦克风) into the soil and then moved away and stood silently. Next, they collected many hours of recordings from the Mount Bold area of Australia. Finally, they took some to check soil health. The recordings showed the different sounds living things make underground. The study found that more different kinds of sounds suggested healthier soil. It also showed that listening is a good way to test soil health. It costs less and causes less loss than other ways, such as digging up soil and testing it. In the future, Robinson said, “Everyone can just buy their own little microphone and hear the sounds of soil.” 32．What did scientists in Australia want to use listening for? A．Checking the health of soil. B．Studying living things’ noises. C．Watching some living things. D．Making some animals’ sounds. 33．What can we learn about ants and worms from Paragraph 3? A．It’s necessary to monitor them. B．It’s natural for them to live in soil. C．They are helpful to the health of soil. D．They add to the variety of living things. 34．Paragraph 4 mainly talks about the study’s ________. A．steps B．tools C．result D．purpose 35．According to Robinson, what’s the future of listening to soil like? A．It will be used in other fields. B．It can be used by more people. C．It can dig up life underground. D．It will bring more living things. 【答案】32．A 33．C 34．A 35．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家通过聆听土壤中的声音来监测和评估土壤健康的新方法。 32．细节理解题。根据“Scientists in Australia wanted to see if they could use listening to check how healthy soil was.”可知科学家们想通过聆听来检查土壤的健康状况。故选A。 33．细节理解题。根据“animals without backbones like ants and worms help nutrients (营养) and water pass through soil”可知像蚂蚁和蠕虫这样的无脊椎动物有助于营养和水通过土壤，即它们对土壤的健康有帮助。故选C。 34．主旨大意题。根据“For the study, the scientists first put special microphones (麦克风) into the soil and then moved away and stood silently...”可知第四段主要描述了科学家进行研究的具体步骤。故选A。 35．推理判断题。根据“Everyone can just buy their own little microphone and hear the sounds of soil.”可知未来每个人都可以买自己的小麦克风来听土壤的声音，即听土壤这种方式可以被更多人使用。故选B。 D People know animals do have feelings, but they are not sure if these feelings are correctly understood. In recent years, scientists have done research about the feelings of cows, frogs and pandas. ▲ It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls. The researchers put a bowl behind a door. Inside the bowl, sometimes, there was something chickens love to eat, such as rice or insects. Sometimes, there was nothing. When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds, known as food calls. When there wasn’t food, the chickens made low and long noises to express disappointment. The researchers recorded all these sounds and studied their waves. Then the researchers chose 16 recordings of such chicken noises. Half were from the chickens seeing the food and half were from the chickens finding no food. The recordings were played to 194 volunteers. Sixty-nine percent of the volunteers correctly understood whether the chickens were feeling happy or not, and some of them even had no experience of taking care of chickens. The result shows that humans have the natural ability to understand the feelings of chickens. Hopefully, this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising, a big industry in many countries. Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’ feelings. This is good news for farmers who want to make the birds happier and healthier. 36．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 1? A．Humans may not like animals. B．Scientists know nothing about it. C．Nobody knows why this happens. D．A new study adds chickens to the list. 37．Which is most probably the sound wave of a happy call by a chicken? A．B．C． D． 38．How did the volunteers help with the research? A．By listening to the chicken calls. B．By taking care of the chickens. C．By finding food for the chickens. D．By making the chickens happy. 39．What does the underlined word “identify” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Control. B．Hide. C．Recognize. D．Hurt. 40．What is the best title for the passage? A．Chickens’ Food Calls B．Happy Chickens, Sad Chickens C．Farmers’ Best Choice D．Smart Farmers, Healthy Farmers 【答案】36．D 37．D 38．A 39．C 40．B 【导语】本文进行一个研究，研究结果表明人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤。 【详解】36．推理判断题。根据“In recent years, scientists have done research about the feelings of cows, frogs and pandas. ... It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls.”可知，空前提到牛、青蛙和熊猫，空后提到鸡，选项D “一项新的研究将鸡加入了这个名单” 符合语境，故选D。 37．推理判断题。根据“When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds”可知，当鸡看到门后有食物时，它们似乎很高兴，并发出快速而响亮的声音。选项D符合 “快速而响亮的声音” 这一描述，故选D。 38．细节理解题。根据“The recordings were played to 194 volunteers.”可知，这些录音播放给194名志愿者听，所以志愿者们是通过听鸡叫来帮助这项研究，故选A。 39．词句猜测题。根据“Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’ feelings.”可知，一些科学家已经在研究一种可以……鸡的情感的智能计算机程序。联系前文可知，是为了识别鸡的情感，故选C。 40．最佳标题题。本文介绍研究结果表明人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤，选项B “快乐的鸡，悲伤的鸡” 符合主题，故选B。 四、填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分） A.请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使短文意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 In many poor countries, a lot of people suffer from serious illnesses but are too poor to 41 (承担得起) the medical care they need. They have no money to go to hospital or get proper medicine. Luckily, many international charities and 42 (有影响力的) organizations work hard to offer help to these patients. Last week, a newspaper 43 (采访者) visited a charity hospital and talked with a 44 (医学的) volunteer about the work they are doing. The volunteer said that with enough help, more sick people can receive free and good 45 (治疗) and get well soon. He also hopes that more people will join them to care for the poor and the sick. 【答案】41．afford 42．influential 43．interviewer 44．medical 45．treatment 【导语】本文围绕慈善救助主题展开，介绍了在许多贫困国家，不少重病患者因经济困难无法负担必要的医疗费用，而各类国际慈善机构与有影响力的组织正积极伸出援手。 41．句意：在许多贫困国家，很多人身患重病，却贫困到无法承担得起他们所需要的医疗服务。too...to...表示“太……而不能……”，“承担得起”常见表达为afford，这里表示太穷而承担不起所需的医疗护理，应填afford。 42．句意：幸运的是，许多国际慈善机构和有影响力的组织都在努力为这些病人提供帮助。“有影响力的”对应的英文是influential，用来修饰organizations，意思是许多有影响力的组织，应填influential。 43．句意：上周，一名报社采访者参观了一家慈善医院，并和一名医学的志愿者交谈，了解他们所做的工作。“采访者”的英文是interviewer，根据语境，一位报纸采访者访问了一家慈善医院，应填interviewer。 44．句意：上周，一名报社采访者参观了一家慈善医院，并和一名医学的志愿者交谈，了解他们所做的工作。“医学的”英文是medical，medical volunteer表示医学志愿者，应填medical。 45． 句意：这位志愿者说，有了足够的帮助，更多病人可以获得免费且优质的治疗并很快康复。“治疗”常见表达为treatment，这里指更多病人能接受免费且良好的治疗，应填treatment。 B.根据短文意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 Nowadays, human activities greatly influence the earth. Our natural environment can be easily 46 (affect) by bad habits. Many people carelessly keep 47 (pour) dirty water and rubbish into rivers and lakes. This will not only 48 (break) the balance of nature but also harm living things around us. To solve the problem, our government has made strict laws 49 (protect) the environment. Anyone who pollutes public places will be seriously 50 (fine). As middle school students, we should act actively. We can save water, avoid wasting resources and call on more people to live a green life. Only joint efforts can make our planet cleaner and more comfortable to live in. 【答案】46．affected 47．pouring 48．break 49．to protect 50．fined 【导语】本文阐述了人类日常不良行为会严重影响自然环境，随意向河湖倾倒污水、垃圾会破坏生态平衡；国家出台严苛法律法规保护环境，污染环境者将受到罚款处罚；同时呼吁中学生以身作则，节约用水、节约资源，倡导身边人践行绿色低碳生活，共同守护地球生态。   【详解】46．句意：我们的自然环境很容易被坏习惯所影响。本句是情态动词的被动语态，结构为“can be + 动词过去分词”，affect是实义动词，意为“影响”，它的过去式和过去分词都是affected，by引出动作的执行者，是被动语态的标志性提示词，必须用过去分词形式。 47．句意：许多人肆无忌惮地持续向河湖中倾倒污水和垃圾。keep doing sth“一直做某事、持续做某事”，后面只能接动名词，pour直接加ing，变为pouring，pour 本义“倾倒、倒出”，贴合文中排放污水、乱扔垃圾的环保语境。 48．句意：这不仅会打破自然平衡，还会伤害我们周围的生物。will后必须接动词原形，break the balance of nature是固定搭配，意为“破坏自然平衡”，not only…but also…连接并列谓语，前后形式一致，都用原形。 49．句意：为了解决这个问题，政府制定了严格的法律来保护环境。此处用动词不定式to do作目的状语，表示“制定法律”的目的是“保护环境”，故用to protect。 50．句意：任何污染公共场所的人都会被严厉罚款。本句是一般将来时的被动语态，结构为“will be + 过去分词”，fine此处作动词，意为“罚款”，fine的过去分词直接加d，即fined。 C.请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 give up, main character, goes blind, picked up, by accident, When asked which Chinese novel I would like to recommend to my western friend, the first book that comes to my mind is To Live by Chinese novelist Yu Hua. I found the book on a bookshelf in the school library 51 . I had seen the film before so I knew what the story was about. I 52 the book without a second thought and couldn’t wait to start reading. In the novel, the 53 , Fugui, experiences lots of suffering (痛苦) as the decades follow. His only daughter, Fengxia, 54 at a young age, and he witnesses wife and son, and Fengxia, die miserably (痛苦地) one after another. At the end of the novel, Fugui buys an ox (牛) and names it after himself. Fugui’s life makes me realize “the power to live”. What is life? Why is life powerful? No matter what happens, we mustn’t 55 hope. 【答案】51．by accident 52．picked up 53．main character 54．goes blind 55．give up 【导语】本文主要讲述作者向西方朋友推荐余华的小说《活着》的原因，并简要介绍了书中主人公福贵的悲惨遭遇及其传达的“活着的力量”这一主题。 51．句意：我在学校图书馆的书架上偶然发现了这本书。根据“I found the book on a bookshelf in the school library...”可知，作者在图书馆书架上偶然发现了这本书，by accident“偶然地”符合语境。故填by accident。 52．句意：我毫不犹豫地拿起这本书，迫不及待地开始阅读。根据“I...the book without a second thought and couldn’t wait to start reading.”可知，作者拿起这本书后开始阅读，picked up“拿起”。故填picked up。 53．句意：在小说中，主人公富贵在接下来的几十年里经历了许多苦难。根据“the..., Fugui, experiences lots of suffering (痛苦) as the decades follow.”和常识可知，福贵是这本小说的主人公，main character“主角，主人公”。故填main character。 54．句意：他唯一的女儿凤霞自幼失明，他目睹妻子、儿子和凤霞相继痛苦地死去。根据“Fengxia,...at a young age, and he witnessed wife and son, and Fengxia, die miserably (痛苦地) one after another.”可知，此处在介绍福贵家人一系列悲惨的遭遇，goes blind“失明”。故填goes blind。 55．句意：无论发生什么，我们都不能放弃希望。根据“we mustn’t...hope”可知，我们绝不能放弃希望，give up“放弃”。故填give up。 五、阅读填空（共20小题;每小题1分, 满分20分） 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后的空格里填入最恰当的内容。 Lots of people enjoy watching sports games in the world. But first of all, you need to know about audience manners. Actually, most sporting arenas (竞技场) have rules for the audience written on the back of the tickets. Read your ticket carefully before your arrival. Try to reach your seat half an hour before the start of the event. When the games begin, try to control yourself. Don’t say bad words about the players and coaches’ performance. Be careful with your words because some of them may make others angry. Clapping is a special body language you can use to communicate with players, but you should do it properly. When players first appear, clap your hands together to welcome them, but don’t go on for too long. After an excellent performance, clap warmly. If someone fails, your clapping will help them feel better. Clapping is not welcome, however, while players need to keep their attention. Different sports have different rules for the audience. Enjoy artistic gymnastics in silence. But lots of cheering can really help basketball and football players. When you watch table tennis games, you can’t use your flash photography. Don’t use mobile phones in shooting centers, either. To be a better audience, you should spare time to learn about the rules and the culture of each event.注意：1-8题每个空格只填1个单词：9-10题词数不限。 Topic Ways to 56 your audience manners Time Before the game * Read the rules on the back of your ticket carefully before you 57 . * Reach your seat 30 minutes before the starting time of the event. During the game * Pay attention to 58 you say, which may cause anger among other people in the audience. Clapping * Don’t clap your hands for too long when 59 the players. * Clap warmly if players perform well. * Clap your hands to 60 the players if they fail. * 61 clapping your hands when players are keeping their attention. Rules for different games Artistic gymnastics Keep quiet. Basketball and football 62 loudly. Table tennis Don’t use the flash. Shooting centers Mobile phones are not 63 in shooting centers. Conclusion An audience needs to spend time learning about rules for each event. Further thinking * Do you think audience manners are important while watching sports games? Why or why not? 64 * Please list at least one sports game you know. 65 【答案】56．improve 57．arrive 58．what 59．welcoming 60．cheer 61．Avoid 62．Cheer 63．allowed 64．示例：Yes, I think audience manners are important. Good audience manners can create a positive atmosphere for the game, show respect to players and coaches, and make the watching experience better for everyone.（答案不唯一，合理阐述观点即可） 65．示例：The Olympic Games. It includes various sports like swimming, running, and gymnastics, attracting athletes and audiences worldwide every four years.（答案不唯一，列举熟悉的赛事并简单说明即可） 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了看体育比赛时的观众礼仪。 56．根据“Lots of people enjoy watching sports games in the world. First, you need to know about audience manners .”及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了提高观众礼仪的方法。故填improve。 57．根据“Read your ticket carefully before your arrival.”可知，是在到达前仔细阅读门票背面规则，“arrival” 是名词，这里需要动词形式arrive，before you arrive表示“在你到达前”。故填arrive。 58．根据“Be careful with your words because some of them may make others angry.”可知，也就是要注意你所说的内容，what you say“你所说的话”，用what引导宾语从句。故填what。 59．根据“When players first appear, clap your hands together to welcome them, but don’t go on for too long.”可知，是欢迎球员时鼓掌别太久，“when” 后省略了you are，用现在分词welcoming，构成 when welcoming the players表示“当欢迎球员时”。故填welcoming。 60．根据“If someone fails, your clapping will help them feel better.”，可知鼓掌能让失败的球员振作，cheer...up表示“使……振作”，这里用cheer，clap your hands to cheer the players“拍手让球员振作”。故填cheer。 61．根据“Clapping is not welcome, however, while players need to keep their attention.”可知，球员需集中注意力时，“避免；不要” 鼓掌，avoid避免，祈使句用动词原形，句首字母大写。故填Avoid。 62．根据“But lots of cheering can really help basketball and football players.”可知，篮球和足球比赛时要 “Cheer”，祈使句用动词原形 。故填Cheer。 63．根据“Don't use mobile phones in shooting centers, either.”可知，射击场不 “允许” 用手机，allowed表示“允许 ”，这里是被动语态 “be not allowed” 。故填allowed。 64． 开放性试题，回答合理即可。示例：Yes, I think audience manners are important. Good audience manners can create a positive atmosphere for the game, show respect to players and coaches, and make the watching experience better for everyone.（答案不唯一，合理阐述观点即可） 65．开放性试题，回答合理即可。示例：The Olympic Games. It includes various sports like swimming, running, and gymnastics, attracting athletes and audiences worldwide every four years.（答案不唯一，列举熟悉的赛事并简单说明即可） B.根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 For thousands of years, bamboo has been used to make food, houses, paper and even musical instruments. Now, bamboo is stepping into a new role—replacing (替代) p 66 ! Every year, the world creates about 400 million tons of plastic waste. To solve the problem, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Guangdong and Anhui provinces have used bamboo as an environmentally f 67 replacement. Anji county (县) in Zhejiang province is a good e 68 . It covers 666 square kilometers of bamboo forests. Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products. “When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were q 69 common,” said Bai Xia, a local in Anji. Bai said that bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is u 70 in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county. “These bamboo-based bags can break down within three months and yet they are stronger than plastic bags,” she a 71 . Kindergartens in Anji have also used bamboo-made toys for children, including toy bricks (积木) and models. Bamboo grows really fast. W 72 trees take more than 10 years to grow big, bamboo only needs four to six years. This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new o 73 . It’s said that Anji p 74 between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year. Using bamboo i 75 of plastic helps the local community a lot. As around 1,000 companies take part in the industry in Anji, bamboo has become more important to the county’s economy. 【答案】66．(p)lastic 67．(f)riendly 68．(e)xample 69．(q)uite 70．(u)sed 71．(a)dded 72．(W)hile 73．(o)nes 74．(p)roduces 75．(i)nstead 【导语】本文主要讲述竹子作为塑料的环保替代品在不同领域的应用及其优势。 【详解】66．句意：现在，竹子正在扮演新角色——替代塑料！根据下文“Using bamboo…of plastic helps the local community a lot.”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指替代塑料，plastic“塑料”。故填(p)lastic。 67．句意：为了解决这个问题，浙江、福建、四川、广东和安徽省都使用竹子作为环保替代品。environmentally friendly“环保的”，是固定搭配。故填(f)riendly。 68．句意：浙江安吉县是一个好例子。a good example“一个好例子”，是固定搭配。故填(e)xample。 69．句意：小时候，竹编篮子和椅子非常常见。根据“When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were… common”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指竹编篮子和椅子非常常见，quite“相当”。故填(q)uite。 70．句意：白说，该县300多家餐馆和酒店使用竹制餐具。根据“bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is…in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指使用竹制餐具，use“使用”，用过去分词形式，构成被动语态。故填(u)sed。 71．句意：她补充道：“这些竹制袋子可以在三个月内分解，但它们比塑料袋更坚固。”根据上“…said Bai Xia”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指补充的内容，add“补充道”，此处表示过去的事情，应填added。故填(a)dded。 72．句意：虽然树木需要10多年生长，竹子仅需4到6年。前后句对比关系，while“而”符合。故填(W)hile。 73．句意：这意味着人们可以在不种植新植物的情况下获得许多收成。根据“This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new…”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指无需种植新的竹子，用ones指代。故填(o)nes。 74．句意：据说安吉每年生产40万至50万吨竹子。根据“between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指产量，produce“生产”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“Anji”，用三单形式。故填(p)roduces。 75．句意：用竹子代替塑料对当地社区帮助很大。根据上文“Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products.”可知，此处指用竹子代替塑料，instead of“代替”，是固定搭配。故填(i)nstead。 六、书面表达(满分15分) 76．你校英文网站正面向全校学生举办主题为“How to go green at school”的征文活动。请你根据下面要求，用英语写一篇短文投稿。 The earth needs our protection. It’s time for us to go green at school.We want to hear your voice: ※ What is the meaning of “going green”? ※ What bad behaviors do you see in our school? ※ What advice can you give to make our school greener? Best articles will be printed in Teens magazine. For more information, please visit http://www.englishclub.com/writing. 注意： 1．内容涵盖要点，全文连贯通顺； 2．词数80左右（已给出的征文开头不计入总词数）； 3．文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 How to go green at school Without green, life has no hope. Going green means we should ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks for your reading! 【答案】例文 How to go green at school Without green, life has no hope. Going green means we should protect the environment by saving resources and reducing pollution. However, I often see bad behaviors in our school, such as wasting paper, leaving lights on, and littering.   To make our school greener, here’s my advice: First, turn off lights and fans when leaving classrooms. Second, reuse notebooks and recycle waste paper. Third, bring reusable water bottles instead of plastic ones. Finally, plant more trees in school gardens.   Small actions make big differences. Let’s work together for a greener school! Thanks for your reading! 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ② 时态：主要使用“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：需涵盖题干要求的三个要点（going green的含义、校园不良行为、建议措施），语言简洁连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步，定义“going green”为节约资源、减少污染； 第二步，列举校园中常见的浪费行为； 第三步，分点给出具体措施； 第四步，号召集体行动。 [亮点词汇] ① save resources 节约资源 ② reduce pollution 减少污染 ③ reusable water bottles 可重复使用的水瓶 ④ small actions make big differences 小行动带来大改变 [高分句型] First, turn off lights and fans when leaving classrooms（现在分词作状语） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末模拟试卷（南京专用） 满分90分,时间为90分钟 一、单项填空(共15小题每小题1分满分15分) 请认真阅读下列各题从题中所给的ABCD个中最佳选并在答卡上将该项涂黑。 A Every Saturday, Wang Weifang puts on a play with his friends in a small town near Xi’an. The audience can hear them, 1 they cannot see them. That is because they are putting on a shadow puppet play. Shadow puppets 2 hard leather. The leather is cut out 3 the shape of a person, an animal or an object. Each puppet 4 in bright colours and put on a stick. Some puppets have 5 arms and legs. 1．A．and B．or C．but D．so 2．A．is made of B．is made from C．are made of D．are made from 3．A．for B．on C．at D．in 4．A．is printed B．is printing C．are printed D．printed 5．A．move B．movement C．movable D．moved B Scientists in California have discovered a new kind of snailfish. It lives more than 3 kilometers under the Pacific Ocean. But if you were imagining a large, 6 creature, you’d be wrong. One researcher even called it “adorable”. These snailfish are strange little creatures. They have big heads and jelly-like bodies. There are no scales on their loose skin. Many have a special disc on their bellies. It lets them 7 onto the sea floor, or even catch a ride on an animal like a crab. Some snailfish live in shallow areas of the ocean. They curl up on rocks like a snail. 8 live in the deep ocean. To explore the deep sea, scientists 9 a small submarine and a robot. The robot’s cameras spotted a pink snailfish about the size of a deck of cards. The team also found two other unusual snailfish. One was very black and the other was long and thin. One scientist said, “Studying these tiny deep-sea fish shows how 10 we know about the ocean. These snailfish are a reminder of the power of curiosity and exploration.” 6．A．scare B．scared C．scary D．scaring 7．A．grab B．to grab C．grabbing D．grabbed 8．A．Other B．Others C．The others D．Another 9．A．used B．were using C．had used D．will use 10．A．few B．a few C．a little D．little C My name is Anna. Last week, I had a bad cold. I felt tired and had a high fever. My mom was worried about me and took me to the hospital. The doctor checked me 11 and said I needed to rest at home. He told me to drink more warm water and 12 medicine on time. My mom cooked light food for me, like porridge and vegetables. It was not delicious, but it was good for my health. I stayed in bed for two days. During that time, I couldn’t go to school. I felt a little bored, but my friends sent me messages to show they cared about me. That made me 13 happy. On the third day, my fever went down. I started to feel better. I decided to exercise more 14 healthy. Now, I run for 20 minutes every morning. I also eat more fruit and vegetables. Staying healthy is very important. We should take good care of ourselves. If we get sick, we need to follow the doctor’s advice and rest well. Only in this way can we get better 15 . 11．A．careful B．care C．carefully D．carelessly 12．A．eat B．take C．have D．drink 13．A．feel B．felt C．to feel D．feeling 14．A．stayed B．staying C．to stay D．stay 15．A．slowly B．hardly C．late D．quickly 二、完形填空（共10小题；毎小题1分,满分10分） 请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Lisa worked with her mother in their vegetable garden every day to make a living. They sold the vegetables at the farmers’ 16 . Lisa made sure the plants were never too dry, so the vegetables would be healthy and 17 for the market. However, while caring for the vegetables, she often 18 they were beautiful flowers. Lisa could only 19 growing flowers. Her mother didn’t 20 her to grow any because she thought it wasn’t practical. Only city people buy flowers, 21 no one in the poor village would waste money on something so silly. One day, she saw Mrs. Bradley, the only person who planted flowers in the village, pull up a weak plant and throw it away. Lisa quietly 22 the withered (枯萎的) plant and rushed home. She planted it as 23 as she could and took care of it in secret every day. Time spent with the little plant made Lisa’s long days not so 24 . One morning, she was amazed to see her flower bloom (盛放). It was the most beautiful flower Lisa had ever seen! She realized that the 25 of life comes from doing what one loves. In growing flowers, she had also grown a more colorful life. 16．A．farm B．field C．house D．market 17．A．tall B．ready C．cheap D．famous 18．A．doubted B．promised C．realized D．wished 19．A．insist on B．depend on C．dream about D．fight for 20．A．ask B．allow C．remind D．promise 21．A．if B．unless C．while D．though 22．A．picked up B．set up C．put up D．tidied up 23．A．clearly B．carefully C．politely D．peacefully 24．A．boring B．interesting C．exciting D．surprising 25．A．cycle B．balance C．duty D．joy 三、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分） 请认真阅读下列材料, 从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Chinese food is loved by people all over the world. Here are four famous Chinese dishes. If you come to China, just try them. Beijing Roast DuckIt was called “roast duck” in the Tang Dynasty. It became popular in the Ming Dynasty and the emperor liked it a lot. When the capital moved to Beijing, it spread and got its name. Lanzhou LamianIt is a famous Chinese noodle dish. The noodles are made by stretching dough (面团) by hand into thin pieces. It started in Qing Dynasty and was brought to Lanzhou by a cook from Henan Province. Chongqing Hot PotIt is a spicy dish famous across the country. Chongqing held hot pot festivals to help the local economy. The hot pot industry not only shares Chinese culture but also helps tourism. RoujiamoIt is a popular street snack from Xi’an. The meat is cooked with over 20 spices (香料) for hours, giving it a special taste. A visit to Xi’an is not complete without trying this tasty snack. 26．The underlined word “stretching” probably means _________. A．baking B．pulling C．cutting D．adding 27．What is special about the meat in Roujiamo? A．It is fried quickly. B．It is made with a few spices. C．It is served cold. D．It is cooked with many spices. 28．Where is the text probably from? A．A science report. B．A history textbook. C．A travel guide. D．A shopping list. B Have you ever eaten something that you grew in your own garden? Many people have not had the pleasure of this experience. Alice Waters, the owner of Chez Panisse Restaurant, set out to change this for a special group of students at Martin Luther King Junior Middle School in Berkeley, California. Waters worked with the school’s principal (校长), Neil Smith, to create a cooking and gardening program at the school. Waters believes in the importance of people knowing where their food comes from. She also believes that there is a strong relationship (关系) between food, health, and the environment. She wanted to show children the pleasure in gardening and in preparing the foods that they grew. She wanted to teach them that a healthy body and a healthy environment go hand in hand. The program that Waters began took a lot of time and patience (耐心). Teachers, students, and community volunteers helped her turn a parking area into a garden. In 1995, the first crops were planted. Every year since then, new crops are evaluated (评价) to make sure that they are best suited (合适) for the environment and the needs of the school. Students have found that they look forward to the time they spend in the garden each week. They have learned how to grow and harvest. They have learned about the life cycles of various plants. Alice Waters dreams that one day there will be a garden in every school in the United States. 29．What is Para 2 mainly about? A．How Alice Waters started the program. B．Where Alice Waters started the program. C．Why Alice Waters started the program. D．When Alice Waters started the program. 30．What is TRUE about the program? A．It started more than 20 years ago. B．They turned a part of the playground into a garden. C．They have planted the same crops every year. D．The students showed little interest in it at first. 31．Which can be the best title for the reading? A．Working With Schools in California B．Gardening Becomes Popular in US C．Healthy Body Comes with Healthy Environment D．Garden Program Helps Students Grow their Own Food C Scientists have found a new way to study the health of soil—by listening to it. They think their way could help people monitor (监测) and improve soil around the world. All living things — animals, insects, and even plants — make sounds, and by listening we can study those noises. The way has been used to watch bats, birds and sea animals. Scientists in Australia wanted to see if they could use listening to check how healthy soil was. Soil can be filled with many living things, and the greater the variety (多样性) of living things, the healthier the soil. For example, animals without backbones like ants and worms help nutrients (营养) and water pass through soil. However, the change of the environment and human activities have reduced the variety of living things in soil. “It’s very important to monitor the variety of living things in soil,” Robinson said. For the study, the scientists first put special microphones (麦克风) into the soil and then moved away and stood silently. Next, they collected many hours of recordings from the Mount Bold area of Australia. Finally, they took some to check soil health. The recordings showed the different sounds living things make underground. The study found that more different kinds of sounds suggested healthier soil. It also showed that listening is a good way to test soil health. It costs less and causes less loss than other ways, such as digging up soil and testing it. In the future, Robinson said, “Everyone can just buy their own little microphone and hear the sounds of soil.” 32．What did scientists in Australia want to use listening for? A．Checking the health of soil. B．Studying living things’ noises. C．Watching some living things. D．Making some animals’ sounds. 33．What can we learn about ants and worms from Paragraph 3? A．It’s necessary to monitor them. B．It’s natural for them to live in soil. C．They are helpful to the health of soil. D．They add to the variety of living things. 34．Paragraph 4 mainly talks about the study’s ________. A．steps B．tools C．result D．purpose 35．According to Robinson, what’s the future of listening to soil like? A．It will be used in other fields. B．It can be used by more people. C．It can dig up life underground. D．It will bring more living things. D People know animals do have feelings, but they are not sure if these feelings are correctly understood. In recent years, scientists have done research about the feelings of cows, frogs and pandas. ▲ It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls. The researchers put a bowl behind a door. Inside the bowl, sometimes, there was something chickens love to eat, such as rice or insects. Sometimes, there was nothing. When the chickens saw food behind the door, they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds, known as food calls. When there wasn’t food, the chickens made low and long noises to express disappointment. The researchers recorded all these sounds and studied their waves. Then the researchers chose 16 recordings of such chicken noises. Half were from the chickens seeing the food and half were from the chickens finding no food. The recordings were played to 194 volunteers. Sixty-nine percent of the volunteers correctly understood whether the chickens were feeling happy or not, and some of them even had no experience of taking care of chickens. The result shows that humans have the natural ability to understand the feelings of chickens. Hopefully, this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising, a big industry in many countries. Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’ feelings. This is good news for farmers who want to make the birds happier and healthier. 36．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 1? A．Humans may not like animals. B．Scientists know nothing about it. C．Nobody knows why this happens. D．A new study adds chickens to the list. 37．Which is most probably the sound wave of a happy call by a chicken? A．B．C． D． 38．How did the volunteers help with the research? A．By listening to the chicken calls. B．By taking care of the chickens. C．By finding food for the chickens. D．By making the chickens happy. 39．What does the underlined word “identify” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Control. B．Hide. C．Recognize. D．Hurt. 40．What is the best title for the passage? A．Chickens’ Food Calls B．Happy Chickens, Sad Chickens C．Farmers’ Best Choice D．Smart Farmers, Healthy Farmers 四、填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分） A.请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使短文意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 In many poor countries, a lot of people suffer from serious illnesses but are too poor to 41 (承担得起) the medical care they need. They have no money to go to hospital or get proper medicine. Luckily, many international charities and 42 (有影响力的) organizations work hard to offer help to these patients. Last week, a newspaper 43 (采访者) visited a charity hospital and talked with a 44 (医学的) volunteer about the work they are doing. The volunteer said that with enough help, more sick people can receive free and good 45 (治疗) and get well soon. He also hopes that more people will join them to care for the poor and the sick. B.根据短文意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 Nowadays, human activities greatly influence the earth. Our natural environment can be easily 46 (affect) by bad habits. Many people carelessly keep 47 (pour) dirty water and rubbish into rivers and lakes. This will not only 48 (break) the balance of nature but also harm living things around us. To solve the problem, our government has made strict laws 49 (protect) the environment. Anyone who pollutes public places will be seriously 50 (fine). As middle school students, we should act actively. We can save water, avoid wasting resources and call on more people to live a green life. Only joint efforts can make our planet cleaner and more comfortable to live in. C.请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 give up, main character, goes blind, picked up, by accident, When asked which Chinese novel I would like to recommend to my western friend, the first book that comes to my mind is To Live by Chinese novelist Yu Hua. I found the book on a bookshelf in the school library 51 . I had seen the film before so I knew what the story was about. I 52 the book without a second thought and couldn’t wait to start reading. In the novel, the 53 , Fugui, experiences lots of suffering (痛苦) as the decades follow. His only daughter, Fengxia, 54 at a young age, and he witnesses wife and son, and Fengxia, die miserably (痛苦地) one after another. At the end of the novel, Fugui buys an ox (牛) and names it after himself. Fugui’s life makes me realize “the power to live”. What is life? Why is life powerful? No matter what happens, we mustn’t 55 hope. 五、阅读填空（共20小题;每小题1分, 满分20分） 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后的空格里填入最恰当的内容。 Lots of people enjoy watching sports games in the world. But first of all, you need to know about audience manners. Actually, most sporting arenas (竞技场) have rules for the audience written on the back of the tickets. Read your ticket carefully before your arrival. Try to reach your seat half an hour before the start of the event. When the games begin, try to control yourself. Don’t say bad words about the players and coaches’ performance. Be careful with your words because some of them may make others angry. Clapping is a special body language you can use to communicate with players, but you should do it properly. When players first appear, clap your hands together to welcome them, but don’t go on for too long. After an excellent performance, clap warmly. If someone fails, your clapping will help them feel better. Clapping is not welcome, however, while players need to keep their attention. Different sports have different rules for the audience. Enjoy artistic gymnastics in silence. But lots of cheering can really help basketball and football players. When you watch table tennis games, you can’t use your flash photography. Don’t use mobile phones in shooting centers, either. To be a better audience, you should spare time to learn about the rules and the culture of each event.注意：1-8题每个空格只填1个单词：9-10题词数不限。 Topic Ways to 56 your audience manners Time Before the game * Read the rules on the back of your ticket carefully before you 57 . * Reach your seat 30 minutes before the starting time of the event. During the game * Pay attention to 58 you say, which may cause anger among other people in the audience. Clapping * Don’t clap your hands for too long when 59 the players. * Clap warmly if players perform well. * Clap your hands to 60 the players if they fail. * 61 clapping your hands when players are keeping their attention. Rules for different games Artistic gymnastics Keep quiet. Basketball and football 62 loudly. Table tennis Don’t use the flash. Shooting centers Mobile phones are not 63 in shooting centers. Conclusion An audience needs to spend time learning about rules for each event. Further thinking * Do you think audience manners are important while watching sports games? Why or why not? 64 * Please list at least one sports game you know. 65 B.根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 For thousands of years, bamboo has been used to make food, houses, paper and even musical instruments. Now, bamboo is stepping into a new role—replacing (替代) p 66 ! Every year, the world creates about 400 million tons of plastic waste. To solve the problem, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Guangdong and Anhui provinces have used bamboo as an environmentally f 67 replacement. Anji county (县) in Zhejiang province is a good e 68 . It covers 666 square kilometers of bamboo forests. Here, bamboo is already replacing plastic in various products. “When I was young, bamboo-woven baskets and chairs were q 69 common,” said Bai Xia, a local in Anji. Bai said that bamboo-made tableware (餐具) is u 70 in more than 300 restaurants and hotels in the county. “These bamboo-based bags can break down within three months and yet they are stronger than plastic bags,” she a 71 . Kindergartens in Anji have also used bamboo-made toys for children, including toy bricks (积木) and models. Bamboo grows really fast. W 72 trees take more than 10 years to grow big, bamboo only needs four to six years. This means people can have many harvests without having to plant new o 73 . It’s said that Anji p 74 between 400,000 and 500,000 tons of bamboo every year. Using bamboo i 75 of plastic helps the local community a lot. As around 1,000 companies take part in the industry in Anji, bamboo has become more important to the county’s economy. 六、书面表达(满分15分) 76．你校英文网站正面向全校学生举办主题为“How to go green at school”的征文活动。请你根据下面要求，用英语写一篇短文投稿。 The earth needs our protection. It’s time for us to go green at school.We want to hear your voice: ※ What is the meaning of “going green”? ※ What bad behaviors do you see in our school? ※ What advice can you give to make our school greener? Best articles will be printed in Teens magazine. For more information, please visit http://www.englishclub.com/writing. 注意： 1．内容涵盖要点，全文连贯通顺； 2．词数80左右（已给出的征文开头不计入总词数）； 3．文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 How to go green at school Without green, life has no hope. Going green means we should ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks for your reading! 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $