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专题03 语法
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01:答题技巧 02:小试牛刀
答题技巧
Unit 1 Class rules
1. 祈使句的肯定及否定形式:
祈使句主要用来表达请求、命令、建议、叮嘱或祝愿等。祈使句通常省略主语(you)。
· 祈使句类型:祈使句三类型,Let,Do型,还有be
类型
句型结构
例句
Do型祈使句
动词原形+其他.
Put your hand up to speak. 发言要举手。
Be型祈使句
Be+形容词.
Be quiet.保持安静
Let型祈使句
Let's/Let me+动词原形+其他.
Let me help you.让我帮你。
Let’s play football.让我们一起踢足球吧。
· 否定祈使句:否定前面加don't, 想要客气 please
类型
句型结构
例句
Do型祈使句
Don't+动词原形+其他.
Don’t run in the class.不要在班里乱跑。
Be型祈使句
Don't+be+形容词.
Don't be late for class. 不要上课迟到。
2. 情态动词 can 的用法:
情态动词,本身没有词义,不能单独作谓语,一般与实义动词一起构成谓语,表示说话人的态度,没有人称和数的变化。
句型
结构
例句
肯定句
主语 + can + 动词原形
He can swim.他会游泳。
否定句
主语 + can't + 动词原形
She can't drive.她不会开车。
一般疑问句
Can + 主语 + 动词原形?
Can you help me?你能帮我吗?
特殊疑问句
疑问词 + can + 主语 + 动词原形?
What can I do?你能做什么?
Unit 2 Family rules
现在进行时的用法:表示正在进行或发生的动作。结构为 “be (am /is/are)+ 动词 -ing”。
一、句式结构
1. 肯定句:主语 + be 动词 + 动词 - ing 形式 (+ 其他)。
例:He is doing the long jump. 他正在跳远。
2. 否定句:主语 + be 动词 + not + 动词 - ing 形式 (+ 其他)。
例:They aren't running. 他们没在奔跑。
3. 一般疑问句:Be 动词 + 主语 + 动词 - ing 形式 (+ 其他)?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + be 动词.
否定回答:No, 主语 + be 动词 + not.
例:(1) —Is she drawing? 她正在画画吗? —Yes, she is. 是的,她正在画画。
(2) —Are you doing your homework? 你正在做你的作业吗? —No, I'm not. 不,我没在做 作业。
4. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + be 动词 + 主语 + 动词 - ing 形式 (+ 其他)?
例:—What is Jenny doing? 詹妮正在做什么? —She is singing. 她正在唱歌。
三、标志词:现在进行时标志词:now、look、listen 等。
Unit 3 Time for school
It’s time for与It’s time to:
Unit 4 Going shopping
how much的用法:
how much 用于询问价格,可单独使用,意为 “多少钱”。
(1) 当主语为单数时:
例:—How much is this pen? 这支钢笔多少钱?
—It's five yuan. 它 5 元。
(2) 当主语为复数时:
例:—How much are these bananas? 这些香蕉多少钱?
—They're twenty yuan. 它们 20 元。
Unit 5 Farms and us
一、 可数名词单数变复数的规则:
①一般情况下直接在词尾加s。如:
student-students cap-caps car-cars
②以s、x、ch、sh、ss结尾,词尾加es。如:
bus-buses fox-foxes watch-watches
dish-dishes class-classes
③以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i加es。如:
baby-babies city-cities
④以“f或fe”结尾,变f或者fe为v加es。如:
knife-knives wife-wives
二、指示代词this、that、these、those
近
远
单数
this
that
复数
those
these
Unit 6 From farm to table
would like的用法:
一、意义:would like(可缩写成 'd like)意为 “想要”,语气委婉、客气。
二、用法:
· would like + 名词 / 代词:想要某物
例:I would like some tea. 我想要一些茶。
· would like to do sth.:想要做某事(礼貌提请求、建议、邀请)
例:I'd like to drink a bottle of apple juice. 我想要喝一瓶苹果汁。
· would like sb. to do sth.:想要某人做某事
例:I'd like you to meet my classmates. 我想要你去见我的同学们。
三、句型
1. Would you like some...? 你想要一些…… 吗?(征求意见)
答句:Yes, please. / OK. / No, thanks.
注意:问句里 some 不用变 any,希望得到肯定答复。
例:—Would you like some orange juice? 你想要一些橙汁吗?
—No, thanks. 不,谢谢。
2. What would you like? 你想要什么?
例:—What would you like? 你想要什么?
—I'd like a cup of tea. 我想要一杯茶。
小试牛刀
一、写出下列名词的复数形式。
1.tomato _______ 2.box _______ 3.sheep _______
4.potato _______ 5.mouse _______
二、写出下列单词的第三人称单数形式。
6.draw _______ 7.sing _______ 8.dance _______
9.play _______ 10.help _______
三、单项选择。
( ) 11.—________ is this dress?
—It’s 100 yuan.
A.How many B.How old C.How much
( ) 12.—What are ________?
—They are sheep.
A.this B.that C.those
( ) 13.Don’t eat it ________ class.
A.on B.is C.in
( ) 14.—________ is your grandma?
—She is in the bedroom.
A.What B.Who C.Where
( ) 15.—________ is it?
—It’s nine thirty.
A.What B.What time C.Where
( ) 16.We can ________ the windows after class.
A.clean B.cleaning C.cleans
( ) 17.It’s nine o’clock. It’s time ________ Chinese class.
A.for B.to C.at
( ) 18.—What are those?
—They are ________.
A.mouse B.pig C.sheep
( ) 19.It’s 12:00. It’s time _______ lunch.
A.for B.to C.in
( ) 20.Don’t ________ TV too much.
A.watching B.watches C.watch
四、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
21.Dad is (sleep) in his bedroom.
22.The rule (make) me happy and safe.
23.There are three ( bedroom ) in my house.
24.He often (clean) his desk after class.
25.It’s 8:00 a.m. I am (have) breakfast now.
五、根据句意提示选词,补全句子。
to for on off out
26.Before the class, Congcong will hand the exam papers.
27.Where is Tiantian? He is late the class.
28.Class is over. It’s time clean the classroom.
29.We are duty today. Let’s start to work.
30.Turn the lights before we go.
六、选择正确的单词填空。
This That These Those
31. is a bike.
32. are ducks.
33. are planes (飞机)。
34. are dragon (龙) boats.
35. is a car.
七、用“is”或“are”填空。
36.How much they?
37.How much this cap?
38.How much those shorts?
39.How much it?
40.How much these pencils?
八、为下列问句选择合适的答语。
A.She’s in the study.
B.It is 89 yuan.
C.It’s six o’clock.
D.Sixteen.
E.No, thank you.
( ) 41.What time is it now?
( ) 42.Would you like some vegetables?
( ) 43.Where is Amy?
( ) 44.How much is this skirt?
( ) 45.How many horses do you have?
九、连词成句。
46.get, up, time, to, It’s (.)
47.study, is, she, the, in (?)
48.hand, put, to, your, up, speak (.)
49.don’t, loud, be, so (.)
50.Who’s, duty, on, today (?)
十、句型转换。
51.I often go home at 5 p.m. (改为一般疑问句)
52.Can John go outside now? (作否定完整回答)
53.I have ten cows. (对画线部分提问)
54.I have too many shirts. (改为否定句)
55.This dress is 79 yuan. (对划线部分提问)
十一、阅读短文,根据短文内容从A、B两个选项中选择最佳答案。
We have some class rules. We 56. (A.can’t B.can) eat food in class. We keep our classroom 57. (A.clean B.clear). We turn off the 58. (A.light B.lights) after school. We put up our hands 59. (A.speak B.to speak). 60. (A.When B.Where) we don’t understand, we say, “Excuse me?”
十二、【新考法·图片理解】观察图片,选词填空,完成对话。
Amy: What are 61. (these / those) by (在……旁边) the flowers?
Ben: They’re 62. (sheep / cows).
Amy: What are 63. (these / those) near (在……附近) the tree? Are they 64. (ducks / chickens)?
Ben: No, they 65. (are / aren’t). They are four chickens.
Amy: I like chickens.
Ben: I like sheep. They are cute.
十三、【新语篇·班规】Amy准备向大家介绍她班的班规,但她遇到了一些困难。选词填空,请你和John一起帮助她完成介绍吧。
We have some class 66. (rule/rules). We can’t 67. (eat/eating) in class. We can’t jump or run in the classroom. We can’t be late 68. (in/for) class. We turn off the lights after school. We are nice to 69. (we/ our) classmates. When we 70. (don’t/doesn’t) understand, we say, “Excuse me?”
参考答案
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学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1.tomatoes
2.boxes
3.sheep
4.potatoes
5.mice
6.draws
7.sings
8.dances
9.plays
10.helps
11.C
12.C
13.C
14.C
15.B
16.A
17.A
18.C
19.A
20.C
21.sleeping
22.makes
23.bedrooms
24.cleans
25.having
26.out
27.for
28.to
29.on
30.off
31.This
32.These
33.Those
34.Those
35.That
36.are
37.is
38.are
39.is
40.are
41.C
42.E
43.A
44.B
45.D
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.Do you often go home at 5 p.m.?
52.No, he can’t.
53.How many cows do you have?
54.I don’t have too many shirts.
55.How much is this dress?
56.A
57.A
58.B
59.B
60.A
61.these
62.sheep
63.those
64.ducks
65.aren’t
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
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