衔接点01 冠词（初高考点差异及衔接）（讲义，通用版）英语初升高衔接

衔接点01 冠词 初中视角 高中展望 初中要求掌握不定冠词（a / an）和定冠词（the）零冠词的基本用法，如表示泛指、特指、习语中的冠词使用等。 高中考查更复杂的用法，以及在一些特殊结构、抽象概念表达中冠词的准确运用。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中冠词考点聚焦】 考点1 不定冠词 1．When my car broke down on the highway, a kind stranger stopped to give me ________ hand. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．As ________ NBA player, he succeeded in getting into the final. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．I bought ________ useful book yesterday. ________ book is about Chinese history. A．a; The B．an; The C．a; An D．an; An 4．—The movie The Wandering Earth II is really exciting. —Yes, I have watched it twice, and I want to watch it ________ time. A．a third B．the third C．three D．third 5．Li is ________ Asian student and Jeff is ________ European scientist. A．a; an B．an; a C．an; the D．/; the 考点2 定冠词 6．________ Browns live in ________ big house. A．A; the B．/; the C．A; / D．The; a 7．—Do you know ________ man in a blue suit over there?   —Yes, he is a famous scientist from ________ European country. A．a; an B．the; a C．the; an D．a; a 8．—Have you seen ________ film The Wandering Earth III? —Yes, it’s ________ exciting science fiction movie. A．a; an B．the; an C．the; a D．a; a 9．There are so many children playing outside. ________ boy wearing a yellow jacket is my brother. A．A B．An C．The D．/ 10．—Have you seen _________ film The Wandering Earth II? —Yes, it’s _________ amazing one. I’d like to watch it again. A．a; an B．the; an C．the; a D．a; the 考点3 零冠词 11．— Is there ________ underground near here? — Yes. I often go to work by ________ underground. A．a; the B．a; / C．an; the D．an; / 12．Jim tried to fool his friends on ________ April Fool’s Day, but in fact he was the real fool. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 13．I often go running with my________eighteen-year-old brother. It’s a good way to keep fit. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 14．The film Blades of the Guardians came ________ first in the box office records of Chinese martial arts films. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 15．Astronauts experience weightlessness when they work in ________ space. A．a B．the C．/ D．an 【高中冠词考点聚焦】 课标解读 冠词几乎每年都有考查, 考查点主要包括: 1. 考查定冠词和不定冠词的基本用法。 2. 考查定冠词和不定冠词的特殊用法。抽象名词具体化前冠词的使用情况、比较级前冠词的使用情况。 3. 考查冠词的泛指、特指、类指和专指用法。 4. 考查零冠词的运用。另外, 还涉及很多冠词与名词的固定搭配。 考点清单 一、使用不定冠词a(n)的十大场合 典型场合 典型示例 a用在辅音开头的单词前，an用在以元音开头单词前【不见元音不加an，不看字母看发音】 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 an umbrella 一把伞 a university 一所大学 a European country 一个欧洲国家 an unusual story 一个不同寻常的故事 an unhappy boy 一个不高兴的男孩 第一次提到的某人或某物之前 The panda is an endangered animal.熊猫是一种濒危动物。 泛指人或事物的某一类别 A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。 用在表示数量、长度、时间等的名词前，表示“每一” The car moves 100 miles an hour.这辆小汽车以每小时100英里的速度行驶 Rome was not built in a day.罗马非一日建成。/冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。 不定冠词a/an用于抽象名词前，表示具体的人或事物 The party was a great success.晚会开得很成功。 It’s a pleasure to work with you.与你一起工作是件乐事。 用于专有名词前，表示“某一个” I want to be a Bill Gates.我想成为比尔·盖茨式的人物。 用于序数词之前,表示重复 Soon I saw a second plane.不久我又看到了另一架飞机。 用于最高级前意为“非常” This is a most interesting story.这是一个极为动人的故事。 用于物质名词的数量化 I’d like a tea and two coffees.请给我一杯茶和两杯咖啡。 与 have，take，make等连用 Take a look at these figures! 看一下这些数字吧！ 二、使用定冠词the的十四个场合 典型场合 典型示例 表示双方都知道的人或物 Would you mind turning down the radio a little?请把收音机音量调小点好吗？ 表示特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物。 Do you know the girl in red? 你认识那个穿红衣服的女孩么？ The book on the table is mine. 桌子上的那本书是我的。 表示世界上独一无二的事物，如日月星辰地球等 As is known to us, the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。 The sun can damage your skin. 阳光能损伤皮肤。 用在序数词前 He is the first person who knows the secret. 他是第一个知道这个秘密的人。 用在形容词最高级前 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海市中国最大的城市之一。 用于乐器的名称之前 She can play the piano quite beautifully. 她可以弹一手好钢琴。 用在姓氏的复数名词前表示一家人或夫妻俩 The Smiths lived in the apartment above ours. 史密斯夫妇住在我们楼上的公寓里。 The Greens will move to the country. 格林一家要搬到乡下去。 与形容词连用表示一类人 The injured were taken to the nearest hospital.受伤的人被送到了最近的医院。 用在世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前 The war broke out in the 1980s.战争爆发于20世纪80年代。 He moved to the south in his fifties.他五十几岁时搬到了南方。 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the United States of America美国 the People’s Republic of China 中国 the Communist Party of China中国共产党 the United Nations 联合国 江、河、湖、海、海峡、山脉、运河、岛屿等名词前 the Yellow River 黄河 the Pacific Ocean太平洋 the Alps阿尔卑斯山 the Grand Canal大运河 用于接触身体部位结构 She patted him on the shoulder. 她碰了他的肩。 用于发明物的单数名词前 Who invented the telephone？ 电话是谁发明的？ 用在表示方位名词之前 Jilin is in the north of China. 吉林位于中国的北部。 三、零冠词的十大场合 零冠词典型场合 典型示例 物质名词、抽象名词前 Bread is made from flour.面包是用面粉做的。 表示职务、头衔的名词前 He was selected Chairman of the committee.他被选为委员会主席。 一日三餐名词前 We are going to movies after supper.晚饭后我们要去看电影。 运动、棋类、游戏等名词前 He likes to play chess.他喜欢下棋。 星期、月份、季节等名词前 Spring is the best season of the year.春天是一年中最好的季节。 西方节日名称前 April Fool’s Day 愚人节　 Christmas Day 圣诞节 Easter 复活节 Father’s Day 父亲节 Thanksgiving Day 感恩节　　Valentine’s Day 情人节 名词被限定词this，my，some，no等修饰时 His heart was beating wildly with fear.他的心因害怕而狂跳不已。 Go down this street.顺着这条道路往前走。 含有介词短语的独立主格 He entered the forest, gun in hand.他手拿枪进了森林。 复数名词表示类属时 Dogs are human beings’ friends. 狗是人类的朋友。 by表示交通工具的名词前 Every day he goes to school by bike. 他每天骑自行车上学。 一、单句语法填空 1．Our dream to travel to the moon will soon turn into reality. （用适当的词填空） 2．“You’re standing in way,” she said. “Would you mind moving aside?” (用适当的词填空) 3．The boss demanded immediate reply to his email. (用适当的词填空) 4．The girl had narrow escape in the fire. （用适当的词填空） 5．You may even learn that your kid has talent you didn’t know about before. (用适当的词填空) 6．…even if they don’t sound perfect at time, and make the most of them. (用适当的词填空) 7．Without second thought, he donated money to repair the damaged ancient bridge. (用适当的词填空) 8．The small town, which underwent a year of restoration, has taken on new look while keeping its original style. (用适当的词填空) 9．Even a small act of kindness can make difference in someone’s difficult day. (用适当的词填空) 10．Before the interview, the nervous girl took deep breath to calm her nerves. (用适当的词填空) 11．I’d appreciate it if you could make response at your earliest convenience. （用适当的词填空） 12．It is great satisfaction to know the hero finally awoke. （用适当的词填空） 13．This small restaurant serves average of 200 customers every weekend. (用适当的词填空) 14．We should attach great importance to the climate change, which is universal problem. (用适当的词填空) 15．We should make attempt to overcome difficulties whenever we face huge pressure in senior high school. (用适当的词填空) 16． tech company created a screen-free smartphone that allows kids to chat with loved ones without the distractions of a touchscreen. (用适当的词填空) 17．For Mollie, comics are considered beautiful art form, encouraging people to read for pleasure — that’s why they deserve to be taken seriously. (用适当的词填空) 18．The first or last phrase spoken is memorised better than conversation as a whole. (用适当的词填空) 19．Evan Budz, a 15-year-old from Canada, won first place at 36th EU Contest for Young Scientists with his autonomous bionic sea turtle robot. (用适当的词填空) 20． Australian woman arrived home after work, only to discover a stranger in her house. (用适当的词填空) 二、完成句子 1．怀特夫妇对我很好。 __________ __________ are kind to me. 2．You have done ________ kindness. 你做了一件善事。 3．他们决定在露天举办音乐会，以便更多人能参加。 They decided to hold the concert in ________ open air so that more people could attend. 4．如果你有任何好主意，可以在下次会议上提出建议。 If you have any good ideas, you can make ________ proposal at the next meeting. 5．When the manager spoke out his plan, ____________________ the staff were against it. 当经理说出他的计划的时候，大多数员工都反对它。 6．Students are expected to master ________ second language. 学生们应该掌握一门第二语言。 7．This house isn’t big enough for ________ big family of seven. 这所房子不够大，不适合七口之家的大家庭。 8．That’s ________ best movie I’ve ever seen! 那是我看过的最棒的电影！ 9．I suggest you leave the problem to ________ expert. 我建议你把这个问题交给专家处理。 10．We invited ________ ________ ________ to help solve this difficult problem. 我们邀请了一位负责任的专家来帮忙解决这个难题。 三、语篇填空（冠词专练） 第一篇（记叙文） A Happy Picnic It was (1) lovely Sunday afternoon. My family and I went to (2) park in the center of our city. We brought (3) basket of delicious food and drinks. On (4) way, we saw (5) lovely dog running on the grass. We found (6) quiet place under (7) big tree. My mother took out (8) cake we bought yesterday. We played games and shared (9) interesting stories. We had such (10) great time that we didn’t want to go home. 第二篇（说明文） The School Garden (1) school garden is (2) wonderful place for students to relax. There is (3) small lake in the middle of (4) garden. Around (5) lake, we plant all kinds of flowers and grass. There is also (6) old stone bridge over (7) lake. Every morning, (8) number of students read books there. It gives us (9) chance to get close to nature. In fact, it is (10) most beautiful corner in our whole school. 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last month, I 1 (join) a volunteer activity at an old people’s home. It was my first time to do such work, 2 I felt a little nervous. When we arrived, an old lady 3 (sit) by the window smiled at us. Her name was Grandma Chen. She was 85 years old and lived alone. I decided to talk with 4 (she). To my surprise, she was very friendly and told me many interesting stories about her youth. I spent the whole morning cleaning the room and washing clothes. Although I was tired, I felt 5 (happy) than ever before. Grandma Chen held my hand and said “You are 6 kind young person. Thank you for coming.” 7 the afternoon, we organized a small party for the old people. Some volunteers sang songs, and others performed a short play. Everyone had a good time. The activity 8 (organize) by our school’s volunteer club every month. From this experience, I learned that giving love to others can bring joy to us. I also realized that many old people need someone to talk to. They hope their children can visit them 9 (regular) but sometimes they are too busy. I have decided 10 (come) back every month. A small act of kindness can make a big difference in someone’s life. 二、阅读理解 For as long as I can remember, I’ve always been in the middle. I’m the middle child in my family. I’ve always sat in the middle of the classroom at school. Even my first and last names, Miguel Martinez, start with an M — the middle letter of the alphabet. Luckily, I’m also in the middle of a large circle of friends. However, starting middle school in September brought me a painful change. All of my closest friends went to a different middle school leaving me alone. The only classmate I know from my old school is Jake, who is good at math. But since it’s not my favorite subject, we never became friends. By the end of October, Jake and I became good friends. It happened because I was so hopeless when trying to do my math homework. I hated math — especially fractions (分数). So, one day, I turned to Jake after school. To my surprise, Jake not only knew my name but was also willing to help me. That night, Jake and I studied math together. He used pieces of a pizza to explain fractions, and by the end of the night, I finally understood! The next day in class, I was even able to answer one of the math problems. My math teacher was surprised when I raised my hand, and guess what — so was I! The other day, our math teacher gave us a math brainteaser (谜题). She asked, “If you were to write all the numbers from one to one hundred, how many times would you write a nine?” The question was harder than it seemed. All of our classmates were wrong. Jake and I were the only ones with the correct answer! After that, more and more classmates wanted to study math with us. Jake and I plan to hang out together during winter break. It won’t just be the two of us, since all my new friends from middle school will go with us to the Math Museum downtown. Though I now see math differently, some things haven’t changed. I’m still in the middle of a large circle of friends! 11．How did Miguel feel when he started middle school? A．Lucky. B．Surprised. C．Lonely. D．Tired. 12．The underlined word “hang out” in the last paragraph probably means _________. A．to help each other and work together to achieve a goal B．to spend a lot of time in a place or with particular people C．to move slowly or take too long doing sth. D．to hold sth. tightly 13．Miguel changed his attitude towards math because _________. A．his teacher taught him math with a pizza B．he won first prize in the math competition C．his friends advised him to do more exercises D．Jake helped him to get better at it 14．At the end of the story, Miguel _________. A．finds pleasure in different subjects B．solves his problems at the Math Museum C．enjoys the company of his new friends D．plans to go abroad during winter break 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 衔接点01 冠词 初中视角 高中展望 初中要求掌握不定冠词（a / an）和定冠词（the）零冠词的基本用法，如表示泛指、特指、习语中的冠词使用等。 高中考查更复杂的用法，以及在一些特殊结构、抽象概念表达中冠词的准确运用。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中冠词考点聚焦】 考点1 不定冠词 1．When my car broke down on the highway, a kind stranger stopped to give me ________ hand. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我的车在高速公路上抛锚时，一位好心的陌生人停下来帮了我一把。 a一个；an一个；the这，那；/不填。give sb. a hand是固定短语，意为“帮助某人”，hand在此处泛指“一把援手”，需用不定冠词a。 2．As ________ NBA player, he succeeded in getting into the final. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：作为一名 NBA 球员，他成功进入了决赛。 a一个（用于辅音音素前）；an一个（用于元音音素前）；the这/那（特指）；/不填。此处表示泛指“一名 NBA 球员”，应用不定冠词。NBA首字母 N 的发音为/en/，是以元音音素开头的单词，所以前面用an。 3．I bought ________ useful book yesterday. ________ book is about Chinese history. A．a; The B．an; The C．a; An D．an; An 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我昨天买了一本有用的书。这本书是关于中国历史的。 第一空表示泛指“一本”，useful发音以辅音音素/j/ 开头，应用a；第二空表示特指上文提到的书，应用The。 4．—The movie The Wandering Earth II is really exciting. —Yes, I have watched it twice, and I want to watch it ________ time. A．a third B．the third C．three D．third 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——电影《流浪地球 2》真的很激动人心。——是的，我已经看过两次了，我想再看一次。 根据“I have watched it twice”可知已经看过两次，此处表达想“再看一次”。three为基数词；third为序数词，前需加冠词。“a+序数词”表示“又一，再一”，强调数量的增加；“the+序数词”表示特指顺序。此处强调额外的一次，故用a third time。 5．Li is ________ Asian student and Jeff is ________ European scientist. A．a; an B．an; a C．an; the D．/; the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：李是一名亚洲学生，杰夫是一名欧洲科学家。 a一个，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the表特指；/零冠词。Asian发音以元音音素/eɪ/ 开头，表示泛指用an；European发音以辅音音素/j/开头，表示泛指用a。 考点2 定冠词 6．________ Browns live in ________ big house. A．A; the B．/; the C．A; / D．The; a 【答案】D 【详解】句意：布朗一家住在一所大房子里。 a泛指“一个”，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；the特指；/零冠词。“The+姓氏复数”表示“某某一家人”，故第一空用The；house是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一所”，big以辅音音素开头，第二空用a。应填The；a。 7．—Do you know ________ man in a blue suit over there?   —Yes, he is a famous scientist from ________ European country. A．a; an B．the; a C．the; an D．a; a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你认识那边那个穿蓝色西装的男人吗？——是的，他是一位来自一个欧洲国家的著名科学家。 a一个（不定冠词表示泛指，用于辅音音素前）；an一个（不定冠词表示泛指，用于元音音素前）；the这个/那个（定冠词，表示特指）。第一空特指那边穿蓝色西装的男人，应填the；第二空泛指一个欧洲国家，应用不定冠词，European是以辅音音素开头的单词（首字母e不发音），应填a。 8．—Have you seen ________ film The Wandering Earth III? —Yes, it’s ________ exciting science fiction movie. A．a; an B．the; an C．the; a D．a; a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你看过电影《流浪地球3》吗？——是的，它是一部令人兴奋的科幻电影。 第一空特指《流浪地球 3》这部具体的电影，表示特指用定冠词the；第二空泛指一部令人兴奋的科幻电影，且exciting以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。 9．There are so many children playing outside. ________ boy wearing a yellow jacket is my brother. A．A B．An C．The D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：外面有很多孩子在玩耍。那个穿着黄色夹克的男孩是我的兄弟。 A一个；An一个；The这个/那个。根据“wearing a yellow jacket”可知，此处boy被“wearing a yellow jacket”修饰，特指穿黄夹克的那个男孩，表特指用定冠词The。 10．—Have you seen _________ film The Wandering Earth II? —Yes, it’s _________ amazing one. I’d like to watch it again. A．a; an B．the; an C．the; a D．a; the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你看过这部电影《流浪地球2》吗？——是的，它是一部令人惊叹的电影。我想再看一遍。 第一空特指后面提到的具体电影《流浪地球2》，应用定冠词the；第二空表示泛指“一部”令人惊叹的电影，且amazing是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。 考点3 零冠词 11．— Is there ________ underground near here? — Yes. I often go to work by ________ underground. A．a; the B．a; / C．an; the D．an; / 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这附近有一条地铁吗？——是的。我经常乘地铁去上班。 第一空，underground是以元音音素开头的单词，表示泛指“一个或一条”，应用不定冠词an；第二空，by underground为固定搭配，意为“乘地铁”，表示交通方式时中间不加冠词。选项D符合语境。 12．Jim tried to fool his friends on ________ April Fool’s Day, but in fact he was the real fool. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】D 【详解】句意：吉姆试图在愚人节愚弄他的朋友，但实际上他才是真正的傻瓜。 a一个（不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前）；an一个（不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前）；the这个（定冠词，表特指）；/零冠词。在英语中，节日名称前通常不加冠词，April Fool’s Day意为“愚人节”，属于专有名词，前面用零冠词。 13．I often go running with my________eighteen-year-old brother. It’s a good way to keep fit. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我经常和我十八岁的哥哥一起去跑步。这是保持健康的好方法。 a一个；an一个；the这/那；/ 不填。根据“with my________eighteen-year-old brother”可知，名词 brother 前已有形容词性物主代词my修饰，物主代词与冠词不能同时使用，因此此处不填冠词。 14．The film Blades of the Guardians came ________ first in the box office records of Chinese martial arts films. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】D 【详解】句意：电影《镖人》在中国武侠电影票房纪录中位居第一。 a一个（用于辅音音素开头的词前）；an一个（用于元音音素开头的词前）；the这个（定冠词）；/零冠词。come first为固定搭配，表示“位居第一”，序数词first前不用冠词。 15．Astronauts experience weightlessness when they work in ________ space. A．a B．the C．/ D．an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：宇航员在太空工作时体验失重状态。 a一个；the特指；/零冠词；an一个。space意为“太空”时，属于抽象概念，前面不加冠词，固定搭配为in space。 【高中冠词考点聚焦】 课标解读 冠词几乎每年都有考查, 考查点主要包括: 1. 考查定冠词和不定冠词的基本用法。 2. 考查定冠词和不定冠词的特殊用法。抽象名词具体化前冠词的使用情况、比较级前冠词的使用情况。 3. 考查冠词的泛指、特指、类指和专指用法。 4. 考查零冠词的运用。另外, 还涉及很多冠词与名词的固定搭配。 考点清单 一、使用不定冠词a(n)的十大场合 典型场合 典型示例 a用在辅音开头的单词前，an用在以元音开头单词前【不见元音不加an，不看字母看发音】 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 an umbrella 一把伞 a university 一所大学 a European country 一个欧洲国家 an unusual story 一个不同寻常的故事 an unhappy boy 一个不高兴的男孩 第一次提到的某人或某物之前 The panda is an endangered animal.熊猫是一种濒危动物。 泛指人或事物的某一类别 A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。 用在表示数量、长度、时间等的名词前，表示“每一” The car moves 100 miles an hour.这辆小汽车以每小时100英里的速度行驶 Rome was not built in a day.罗马非一日建成。/冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。 不定冠词a/an用于抽象名词前，表示具体的人或事物 The party was a great success.晚会开得很成功。 It’s a pleasure to work with you.与你一起工作是件乐事。 用于专有名词前，表示“某一个” I want to be a Bill Gates.我想成为比尔·盖茨式的人物。 用于序数词之前,表示重复 Soon I saw a second plane.不久我又看到了另一架飞机。 用于最高级前意为“非常” This is a most interesting story.这是一个极为动人的故事。 用于物质名词的数量化 I’d like a tea and two coffees.请给我一杯茶和两杯咖啡。 与 have，take，make等连用 Take a look at these figures! 看一下这些数字吧！ 二、使用定冠词the的十四个场合 典型场合 典型示例 表示双方都知道的人或物 Would you mind turning down the radio a little?请把收音机音量调小点好吗？ 表示特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物。 Do you know the girl in red? 你认识那个穿红衣服的女孩么？ The book on the table is mine. 桌子上的那本书是我的。 表示世界上独一无二的事物，如日月星辰地球等 As is known to us, the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。 The sun can damage your skin. 阳光能损伤皮肤。 用在序数词前 He is the first person who knows the secret. 他是第一个知道这个秘密的人。 用在形容词最高级前 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海市中国最大的城市之一。 用于乐器的名称之前 She can play the piano quite beautifully. 她可以弹一手好钢琴。 用在姓氏的复数名词前表示一家人或夫妻俩 The Smiths lived in the apartment above ours. 史密斯夫妇住在我们楼上的公寓里。 The Greens will move to the country. 格林一家要搬到乡下去。 与形容词连用表示一类人 The injured were taken to the nearest hospital.受伤的人被送到了最近的医院。 用在世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前 The war broke out in the 1980s.战争爆发于20世纪80年代。 He moved to the south in his fifties.他五十几岁时搬到了南方。 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the United States of America美国 the People’s Republic of China 中国 the Communist Party of China中国共产党 the United Nations 联合国 江、河、湖、海、海峡、山脉、运河、岛屿等名词前 the Yellow River 黄河 the Pacific Ocean太平洋 the Alps阿尔卑斯山 the Grand Canal大运河 用于接触身体部位结构 She patted him on the shoulder. 她碰了他的肩。 用于发明物的单数名词前 Who invented the telephone？ 电话是谁发明的？ 用在表示方位名词之前 Jilin is in the north of China. 吉林位于中国的北部。 三、零冠词的十大场合 零冠词典型场合 典型示例 物质名词、抽象名词前 Bread is made from flour.面包是用面粉做的。 表示职务、头衔的名词前 He was selected Chairman of the committee.他被选为委员会主席。 一日三餐名词前 We are going to movies after supper.晚饭后我们要去看电影。 运动、棋类、游戏等名词前 He likes to play chess.他喜欢下棋。 星期、月份、季节等名词前 Spring is the best season of the year.春天是一年中最好的季节。 西方节日名称前 April Fool’s Day 愚人节　 Christmas Day 圣诞节 Easter 复活节 Father’s Day 父亲节 Thanksgiving Day 感恩节　　Valentine’s Day 情人节 名词被限定词this，my，some，no等修饰时 His heart was beating wildly with fear.他的心因害怕而狂跳不已。 Go down this street.顺着这条道路往前走。 含有介词短语的独立主格 He entered the forest, gun in hand.他手拿枪进了森林。 复数名词表示类属时 Dogs are human beings’ friends. 狗是人类的朋友。 by表示交通工具的名词前 Every day he goes to school by bike. 他每天骑自行车上学。 一、单句语法填空 1．Our dream to travel to the moon will soon turn into reality. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】a 【详解】句意：我们前往月球的梦想很快就会变成现实。空格处表示泛指，reality以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，短语turn into a reality表示“成为现实”。 2．“You’re standing in way,” she said. “Would you mind moving aside?” (用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【详解】句意：“你挡着路了，”她说，“你介意挪到一边去吗？”根据“Would you mind moving aside”可知，这里表示挡路，in the way意为“挡路、妨碍他人”。 3．The boss demanded immediate reply to his email. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】an 【详解】句意：老板要求立即回复他的邮件。reply在此处意为“回复”，是可数名词，此处泛指“一个回复”，且immediate以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。 4．The girl had narrow escape in the fire. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】a 【详解】句意：这个女孩在火灾中死里逃生。短语a narrow escape表示“死里逃生”。 5．You may even learn that your kid has talent you didn’t know about before. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【详解】句意：你甚至可能发现你的孩子有一种你从前未曾知晓的天赋。此处talent表示某种天赋时为可数名词单数，需用不定冠词a修饰，have a talent意为“有天赋”。 6．…even if they don’t sound perfect at time, and make the most of them. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【详解】句意：……即使它们在那时听起来并不完美，也要充分利用它们。at the time是固定短语，意为“在那时”。 7．Without second thought, he donated money to repair the damaged ancient bridge. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【详解】句意：他毫不犹豫地捐出了钱款，用于修复那座受损的古老桥梁。短语a second thought表示“进一步考虑”，“without a second thought”意为“不假思索，毫不犹豫”。 8．The small town, which underwent a year of restoration, has taken on new look while keeping its original style. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【详解】句意：这个经过一年修复的小镇在保持原有风格的同时，焕然一新。根据“taken on”和“new look”可知，此处使用take on a new look（焕然一新，呈现新面貌）这一固定搭配，look在此处为可数名词，且发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。 9．Even a small act of kindness can make difference in someone’s difficult day. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【详解】句意：哪怕是一次小小的善举，也能在某人艰难的日子里带来极大的改变。短语make a difference表示“产生影响”。 10．Before the interview, the nervous girl took deep breath to calm her nerves. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【详解】句意：在面试之前，这位紧张的女孩深吸了一口气，以平复自己的情绪。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语take a deep breath“深呼吸”，符合语境，所以为不定冠词a的填入。 11．I’d appreciate it if you could make response at your earliest convenience. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】a 【详解】句意：若你能尽早做出回复，我将不胜感激。response 为可数名词单数，此处表泛指，需填入不定冠词，再结合单词发音为辅音音素开头，应用a。 12．It is great satisfaction to know the hero finally awoke. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】a 【详解】句意：得知那位英雄终于苏醒过来，这让人感到极大的满足。根据“great satisfaction”可知，此处表示“一件令人满意的事”，需用不定冠词，great发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。 13．This small restaurant serves average of 200 customers every weekend. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】an 【详解】句意：这家小餐馆每个周末平均能接待200名顾客。短语an average of表示“平均”。 14．We should attach great importance to the climate change, which is universal problem. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【详解】句意：我们应该高度重视气候变化，这是一个普遍性问题。空后为可数名词problem的单数形式，此处表示泛指，空处应填入不定冠词，universal以辅音音素开头，应用a。 15．We should make attempt to overcome difficulties whenever we face huge pressure in senior high school. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】an 【详解】句意：在高中每当我们面临巨大压力时，都应该努力克服困难。make an attempt to do sth.“努力做某事”，attempt的发音是元音音素开头，用冠词an。 16． tech company created a screen-free smartphone that allows kids to chat with loved ones without the distractions of a touchscreen. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一家科技公司研发出一款无屏幕智能手机，它能让孩子们与亲人聊天，且不会受到触摸屏的各种干扰。company“公司”是可数名词单数形式，此处泛指一家科技公司，且定语tech的发音是辅音音素开头，应用冠词a，位于句首a大写。 17．For Mollie, comics are considered beautiful art form, encouraging people to read for pleasure — that’s why they deserve to be taken seriously. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【详解】句意：对莫莉而言，漫画被看作一种优美的艺术形式，鼓励人们为乐趣而阅读 —— 这也是它们值得被认真对待的原因。 art form为可数名词单数，此处泛指一种艺术形式，且定语beautiful以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 18．The first or last phrase spoken is memorised better than conversation as a whole. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【详解】句意：第一个或最后一个短语比整个对话更容易被记住。此处特指整个对话，应用定冠词the。 19．Evan Budz, a 15-year-old from Canada, won first place at 36th EU Contest for Young Scientists with his autonomous bionic sea turtle robot. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【详解】句意：来自加拿大的15岁少年Evan Budz凭借他的自主仿生海龟机器人在第36届欧盟青年科学家竞赛中获得第一名。序数词36th前加定冠词the。 20． Australian woman arrived home after work, only to discover a stranger in her house. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】An 【详解】句意：一位澳大利亚女性下班回到家，却发现家里有个陌生人。此处泛指“一位澳大利亚女性”，Australian以元音音素开头，且位于句首，首字母要大写，所以用不定冠词An。 二、完成句子 1．怀特夫妇对我很好。 __________ __________ are kind to me. 【答案】 The Whites 【详解】考查定冠词的用法。对比中英文可知，空处表示“怀特夫妇”，‌“the+姓氏复数”可特指某个姓氏的夫妇两人‌，“怀特”应用名词White，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填①The；②Whites。 2．You have done ________ kindness. 你做了一件善事。 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。kindness意为“善事，善行”时是可数名词，表示“一件善事”，且kindness发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 3．他们决定在露天举办音乐会，以便更多人能参加。 They decided to hold the concert in ________ open air so that more people could attend. 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。表示“在露天”应用介词短语in the open air。故填the。 4．如果你有任何好主意，可以在下次会议上提出建议。 If you have any good ideas, you can make ________ proposal at the next meeting. 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。proposal为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且proposal发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 5．When the manager spoke out his plan, ____________________ the staff were against it. 当经理说出他的计划的时候，大多数员工都反对它。 【答案】the majority of 【详解】考查冠词、名词和介词。“大多数”为“the majority of”为固定短语。故填the majority of。 6．Students are expected to master ________ second language. 学生们应该掌握一门第二语言。 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词的特殊用法。根据中英文句子可知，空处缺少“一门（第二语言）”的英文表达。序数词“second”前通常加定冠词“the”表“顺序中的第二”，但本句中“second language”并非强调顺序，而是侧重“除母语外的另一门、额外的一门语言”，此时应用不定冠词，second为辅音开头，应用“a”，构成“a+序数词+名词”的结构，表示“又一、另一”，符合“掌握一门第二语言”的语义。故填a。 7．This house isn’t big enough for ________ big family of seven. 这所房子不够大，不适合七口之家的大家庭。 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词用法。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“一个（七口人的）大家庭”应用a big family of seven.，a为不定冠词，用于修饰以辅音音素开头的可数名词单数family，表泛指概念。故填a。 8．That’s ________ best movie I’ve ever seen! 那是我看过的最棒的电影！ 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。最高级best前需与定冠词the连用。故填the。 9．I suggest you leave the problem to ________ expert. 我建议你把这个问题交给专家处理。 【答案】an 【详解】考查冠词。此处expert为泛指，且是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。 10．We invited ________ ________ ________ to help solve this difficult problem. 我们邀请了一位负责任的专家来帮忙解决这个难题。 【答案】 a responsible expert 【详解】考查冠词、形容词和名词。表示“专家”用名词expert，作invited的宾语。表示“负责任的”用形容词responsible，修饰名词expert，作前置定语；此处泛指“一位负责任的专家”，且responsible以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a responsible expert。 三、语篇填空（冠词专练） 第一篇（记叙文） A Happy Picnic It was (1) lovely Sunday afternoon. My family and I went to (2) park in the center of our city. We brought (3) basket of delicious food and drinks. On (4) way, we saw (5) lovely dog running on the grass. We found (6) quiet place under (7) big tree. My mother took out (8) cake we bought yesterday. We played games and shared (9) interesting stories. We had such (10) great time that we didn’t want to go home. 答案及解析 1. a；表示 “一个美好的周日下午”，泛指，lovely 以辅音音素开头，故用 a。 2. the；特指市中心的那个公园，双方都知道的具体地点，故用 the。 3. a；表示 “一篮子美味的食物”，泛指，basket 以辅音音素开头，故用 a。 4. the；固定搭配 on the way 表示 “在路上”，故用 the。 5. a；表示 “一只可爱的小狗”，泛指，lovely 以辅音音素开头，故用 a。 6. a；表示 “一个安静的地方”，泛指，quiet 以辅音音素开头，故用 a。 7. a；表示 “一棵大树”，泛指，big 以辅音音素开头，故用 a。 8. the；特指昨天买的那块蛋糕，上文有所指，故用 the。 9. /（零冠词）；复数名词 stories 表泛指，前面不加冠词，故不填。 10. a；固定搭配 have a great time 表示 “玩得开心”，故用 a。 第二篇（说明文） The School Garden (1) school garden is (2) wonderful place for students to relax. There is (3) small lake in the middle of (4) garden. Around (5) lake, we plant all kinds of flowers and grass. There is also (6) old stone bridge over (7) lake. Every morning, (8) number of students read books there. It gives us (9) chance to get close to nature. In fact, it is (10) most beautiful corner in our whole school. 答案及解析 1. The；特指这所学校的花园，位于句首首字母大写，故用 The。 2. a；表示 “一个很棒的地方”，泛指，wonderful 以辅音音素开头，故用 a。 3. a；表示 “一个小湖”，泛指，small 以辅音音素开头，故用 a。 4. the；特指上文提到的学校花园，故用 the。 5. the；特指花园中间的那个湖，故用 the。 6. an；表示 “一座古老的石桥”，泛指，old 以元音音素开头，故用 an。 7. the；特指上文提到的那个湖，故用 the。 8. a；固定搭配 a number of 表示 “许多”，故用 a。 9. a；表示 “一个机会”，泛指，chance 以辅音音素开头，故用 a。 10. the；形容词最高级 most beautiful 前必须加定冠词 the，故用 the。 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last month, I 1 (join) a volunteer activity at an old people’s home. It was my first time to do such work, 2 I felt a little nervous. When we arrived, an old lady 3 (sit) by the window smiled at us. Her name was Grandma Chen. She was 85 years old and lived alone. I decided to talk with 4 (she). To my surprise, she was very friendly and told me many interesting stories about her youth. I spent the whole morning cleaning the room and washing clothes. Although I was tired, I felt 5 (happy) than ever before. Grandma Chen held my hand and said “You are 6 kind young person. Thank you for coming.” 7 the afternoon, we organized a small party for the old people. Some volunteers sang songs, and others performed a short play. Everyone had a good time. The activity 8 (organize) by our school’s volunteer club every month. From this experience, I learned that giving love to others can bring joy to us. I also realized that many old people need someone to talk to. They hope their children can visit them 9 (regular) but sometimes they are too busy. I have decided 10 (come) back every month. A small act of kindness can make a big difference in someone’s life. 【答案】 1．joined 2．so 3．sitting 4．her 5．happier 6．a 7．In 8．is organized 9．regularly 10．to come 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者参加养老院志愿活动的经历及感悟。 【详解】1．考查时态。句意：上个月，我参加了一个在养老院的志愿者活动。根据时间状语“Last month”可知，句子描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式joined。 2．考查连词。句意：这是我第一次做这样的工作，所以我感到有点紧张。前后句之间是因果关系，前因后果，应用连词so连接。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们到达时，一位坐在窗边的老妇人向我们微笑。空处是非谓语动词，an old lady和动词sit之间是主动关系，应用现在分词sitting作后置定语。 4．考查代词。句意：我决定和她聊天。空处作介词with的宾语，应用代词宾格her。 5．考查形容词比较级。句意：虽然我很累，但我比以往任何时候都更快乐。根据than可知，空处应用形容词比较级happier。 6．考查冠词。句意：你是一位善良的年轻人。空后的“kind young person”为可数名词单数，表示泛指“一个”，且kind以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 7．考查介词。句意：下午，我们为老人们组织了一个小型聚会。表示“在下午”，应用in the afternoon，位于句首，首字母大写。 8．考查动词时态和语态。句意：这项活动由我们学校的志愿者俱乐部每月组织一次。根据时间状语“every month”可知，表示经常性动作，句子应用一般现在时，且主语The activity和动词organize之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用is。 9．考查副词。句意：他们希望他们的孩子能经常来看望他们，但有时他们太忙了。空处修饰动词visit，应用副词regularly作状语，意为“经常地”。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定每个月都回来。decide to do sth.是固定短语，意为“决定做某事”，空处应用动词不定式作宾语。 二、阅读理解 For as long as I can remember, I’ve always been in the middle. I’m the middle child in my family. I’ve always sat in the middle of the classroom at school. Even my first and last names, Miguel Martinez, start with an M — the middle letter of the alphabet. Luckily, I’m also in the middle of a large circle of friends. However, starting middle school in September brought me a painful change. All of my closest friends went to a different middle school leaving me alone. The only classmate I know from my old school is Jake, who is good at math. But since it’s not my favorite subject, we never became friends. By the end of October, Jake and I became good friends. It happened because I was so hopeless when trying to do my math homework. I hated math — especially fractions (分数). So, one day, I turned to Jake after school. To my surprise, Jake not only knew my name but was also willing to help me. That night, Jake and I studied math together. He used pieces of a pizza to explain fractions, and by the end of the night, I finally understood! The next day in class, I was even able to answer one of the math problems. My math teacher was surprised when I raised my hand, and guess what — so was I! The other day, our math teacher gave us a math brainteaser (谜题). She asked, “If you were to write all the numbers from one to one hundred, how many times would you write a nine?” The question was harder than it seemed. All of our classmates were wrong. Jake and I were the only ones with the correct answer! After that, more and more classmates wanted to study math with us. Jake and I plan to hang out together during winter break. It won’t just be the two of us, since all my new friends from middle school will go with us to the Math Museum downtown. Though I now see math differently, some things haven’t changed. I’m still in the middle of a large circle of friends! 11．How did Miguel feel when he started middle school? A．Lucky. B．Surprised. C．Lonely. D．Tired. 12．The underlined word “hang out” in the last paragraph probably means _________. A．to help each other and work together to achieve a goal B．to spend a lot of time in a place or with particular people C．to move slowly or take too long doing sth. D．to hold sth. tightly 13．Miguel changed his attitude towards math because _________. A．his teacher taught him math with a pizza B．he won first prize in the math competition C．his friends advised him to do more exercises D．Jake helped him to get better at it 14．At the end of the story, Miguel _________. A．finds pleasure in different subjects B．solves his problems at the Math Museum C．enjoys the company of his new friends D．plans to go abroad during winter break 【答案】11．C 12．B 13．D 14．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Miguel升入中学后的孤独，因数学求助Jake成为好友，逐渐改变对数学的态度并收获新友谊的故事。 11．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“However, starting middle school in September brought me a painful change. All of my closest friends went to a different middle school leaving me alone.(然而，九月份开始上中学给我带来了一个痛苦的变化。我所有最亲密的朋友都去了另一所中学，留下我一个人)”可知，Miguel刚升入中学时，因为亲密的朋友都去了其他学校，自己独自一人，所以感到孤独。故选C项。 12．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Jake and I plan to hang out together during winter break. It won’t just be the two of us, since all my new friends from middle school will go with us to the Math Museum downtown.(Jake和我计划在寒假一起hang out。不只是我们两个人，因为我中学所有的新朋友都会和我们一起去市中心的数学博物馆)”可知，Miguel和Jake计划寒假和新朋友一起去数学博物馆，由此猜测hang out意为“和特定的人共度时光”，与B选项“花费大量时间在某个地方或和特定的人在一起”意思相近。故选B项。 13．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“By the end of October, Jake and I became good friends. It happened because I was so hopeless when trying to do my math homework.(十月底，我和Jake成了好朋友。事情的起因是我在做数学作业时感到非常无助)”、第四段中的“That night, Jake and I studied math together. He used pieces of a pizza to explain fractions, and by the end of the night, I finally understood!(那天晚上，我和Jake一起学习数学。他用披萨块来解释分数，到那天晚上结束时，我终于明白了！)”以及第五段中的“The next day in class, I was even able to answer one of the math problems.(第二天在课堂上，我甚至能回答其中一道数学题)”可知，Miguel因为Jake的帮助，逐渐学会了数学，从而改变了对数学的态度。故选D项。 14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It won’t just be the two of us, since all my new friends from middle school will go with us to the Math Museum downtown. Though I now see math differently, some things haven’t changed. I’m still in the middle of a large circle of friends!(不只是我们两个人，因为我中学所有的新朋友都会和我们一起去市中心的数学博物馆。虽然我现在对数学的看法不同了，但有些事情没有改变。我仍然处在一个大的朋友圈子中间！)”可知，故事的最后，Miguel享受着新朋友们的陪伴。故选C项。 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $