专题03 语法（专项训练）小升初英语暑假专项提升（人教PEP版）

**基本信息** 聚焦小学英语核心语法点，以"方法总结+分层训练"构建体系，覆盖形容词比较级、一般过去时等高频考点，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |答题技巧|4单元语法规则|分单元提炼形容词比较级/最高级、一般过去时（句型结构）、there be句型（否定式）等核心语法规则，配典型例句|从概念定义（如比较级表"更……"）到结构公式（如一般过去时肯定句"主语+动词过去式"），再到实例应用，形成"认知-理解-迁移"逻辑链| |小试牛刀|14题型100题|通过单选、词形转换、语篇填空等题型，对应训练语法规则的辨析与运用|从基础语法点（如比较级变形）到综合语用（如故事/信件填空），难度梯度递进，实现知识从孤立到整合的提升|

专题03 语法 · 内容导航 · 01：答题技巧 02：小试牛刀 答题技巧 Unit 1 How tall are you? 1. 形容词比较级和最高级：形容词表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。一般有三个等级： (1) 原级。 (2) 比较级，表示 “更……” 或 “较……”，用于两个人或事物之间的比较。 (3) 最高级，表示 “最……”，用于三个或三个以上的人或事物之间的比较。 2. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句通常用来询问具体情况，常用疑问词 when, who, whose, which, why, where 和 how 等引导。 Unit 2 Last weekend 一般过去时的用法 (一) 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与 yesterday、last night、the day before yesterday 等连用。句型结构为：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. 例句：My father got home at 9 o'clock last night. 我爸爸昨晚九点到的家。 He was very busy last weekend. 上周末他很忙。 Unit 3 Where did you go? 一般过去时的用法 (二) —— 一般过去时的四种句型结构： 1. 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。 例句：I played the piano yesterday. 我昨天弹钢琴了。 2. 否定句：主语 + did + not + 动词原形 + 其他。 例句：I didn't play football yesterday. 我昨天没有踢足球。 3. 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例句：Did you go to school yesterday? 你昨天去上学了吗？ 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例句：What did you do last weekend? 你上周末干什么了？ Unit 4 Then and now there be 句型 there be 句型表示的是 “某处有 (存在) 某人或某物”，其结构为 “There be (is, are, was, were)+ 名词 + 地点状语.”。 例如：There are fifty-two students in our class. 我们班有 52 个学生。 There is a pencil in my pencil box. 我的铅笔盒里有一支铅笔。 There was an old house by the river five years ago. 五年前河边有一间老房子。 否定句：there be 句型否定句式的构成和含有 be 动词的其他句型一样，在 be 动词后加上 “not”；也可用 “no” 来表示，即：no + n. = not a/an/any + n.。 注意：no + 可数名词单数 = not a/an + 可数名词单数；no + 可数名词复数 = not any + 可数名词复数；no + 不可数名词 = not any + 不可数名词。 例如： There is an orange in her bag. 她的包里有一个橙子。→There isn’t an orange in her bag. = There is no orange in her bag. 她的包里没有橙子。 There are some oranges in her bag. 她的包里有一些橙子。→There aren’t any oranges in her bag. = There are no oranges in her bag. 她的包里没有橙子。 小试牛刀 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1．My feet are bigger than ______. A．your B．yours C．you ( ) 2．—______ did you go last Saturday? —I went to Beijing. A．What B．Where C．Who ( ) 3．Did he ______ swimming last night? A．go B．went C．goes ( ) 4．Zhang Peng is the ______ in the class. A．tall B．tallest C．taller ( ) 5．Your feet are bigger than ______. A．me B．my C．mine ( ) 6．—______ are you? —I’m 52kg. A．How old B．How heavy C．How tall ( ) 7．—______ is your older sister? —She is 43 kilograms. A．How tall B．How heavy C．How heavier ( ) 8．—______ did you go last Labour Day holiday? —I went to Nanchang. A．Where B．What C．When ( ) 9．He often ______ his homework after dinner. But yesterday he ______ it early. A．do; finished B．does; finish C．does; finished ( ) 10．Sally didn’t ______ her clothes last night. A．wash B．washed C．washes 二、选择合适的疑问词填空。(有一项是多余的，请注意大小写) which whose what where how many when 11．— classes do you have on Tuesday?      —We have English and PE 12．— people are there in your family?      —Five. 13．— dress do you like best?      —The red one. 14．— do you usually get up?      —At 7 in the morning. 15．— did you go during your holiday?      —I went to Beijing. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 16．She (buy) a gift for her friend yesterday. 17．I am so happy you feel much (well) now. 18．—Today is (warm) than yesterday. —Yes. I like the weather. 19．She (have) a cold yesterday. 20．She (clean) her room yesterday. 21．Sarah wanted to (visit) her brother last weekend. 22．My hands are bigger than (you). 23．My mother is much (heavy) than my father. 24．There (be) no dining hall three years ago. 25．That new magazine is (I) and I bought it last Sunday. 四、用there be的正确形式填空。 26．There (be) no grass in the playground ten years ago. 27． (be) there a lot of flowers in the garden? 28．There (be) some water in the bottle. 29．There (be) a library and two classrooms on the second floor. 30．There (be) two bikes and a car in the picture. 五、选词填空。 31．I always take a car to school. It’s (slower / faster / healthier) than walking. 32．When we need to look up a word, we can use a (dictionary / radio / pencil). 33．We went (boating / shopping / skiing) in the forest park last summer holiday. 34．Leo’s shoes are size 38. My shoes are (longer / bigger / smaller). I wear size 36. 35．I was busy at home today. I (washed clothes / watched TV / listened to music). 36．We like to exercise in the school (library / gym / dining hall). 37．I had a great time. I (fell off the bike / went cycling / cleaned the room). 38．I don’t like winter. It’s too cold. I can’t (ice-skate / swim / make snowmen). 39．Lucy was shy before. But now she’s different. She is (quiet / active / kind) in class. 40．On Mother’s Day, I (bought flowers / ate fresh food / drink tea) for my mum. 六、选择合适的疑问词或短语填空。 Where   What   How much   Who   When   How 41．— can I get to the hospital? —Turn left here and go straight. 42．— are you going this afternoon? —We’re going to the park. 43．— are the pants? —100 yuan. 44．— are you going there? —Next Tuesday. 45．— are you going with? —My parents. 46．— do you usually do on the weekend? —I usually read books and do my homework. 七、选词填空。(可重复使用) a    an    some 47．There is orange on the desk. 48．There are horses at the zoo. 49．There is jacket behind the door. 50．There are sheep on the farm. 八、连词成句。 51．I, in Turpan, lots of, saw, grapes (.) __________________________________________ 52．bigger, are, mine, than, your feet (.) __________________________________________ 53．are, what size, shoes, your (?) __________________________________________ 54．you, to, Did, go, Turpan (?) __________________________________________ 55．buy, film, I, to, magazine, the, want, new (.) __________________________________________ 九、选择正确的答语。 A．She is a pilot. B．I have a maths class. C．I went to the bookstore by bus. D．It’s near the hospital. E．I go to bed at 9 o’clock. ( ) 56．What do you have on Mondays? ( ) 57．Where is the cinema? ( ) 58．What does your mother do? ( ) 59．When do you go to bed?   ( ) 60．How did you go to the bookstore? 十、句型转换。 61．He is 62 kg. (划线部分提问) __________________________________________ 62．I went to Xi’an by train. (对划线部分提问) __________________________________________ 63．She cleaned the room the day before yesterday. (改为否定句) __________________________________________ 64．I eat fresh food and buy gifts for my friends. (改为一般过去时的句子) __________________________________________ 65．She went to Shanghai by plane. (改为否定句) __________________________________________ 十一、【新语篇·童话故事】从括号中选择合适的单词，补全故事。 Azhi and Ali Many years ago, there 66 (was / were) an old man. He had two sons, Ali and Azhi. One day, the old man 67 (took / takes) out two axes(斧子). He let his sons 68 (cut / to cut) wood(木头) on the mountain. Ali came to the mountain 69 (but / and) cut the wood. But it was hard because the axe was too dull(钝的). Azhi also found the axe very dull, but he sharpened(磨快) it first. Then Azhi came to 70 (the / a) mountain. He cut the wood 71 (easily / easy). He came home 72 (with / in) lots of wood in the afternoon. Ali came home very late. But his wood 73 (was / were) not half of Azhi's. The old father looked at 74 (them / they) and said, Sharpening your axe will not delay(延迟) your job of 75 (cutting / cut) wood. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 十二、【新语篇·信件】旅游可以让人身心放松。Lucy的旅程是什么样的呢？她想给Sarah写信介绍她的旅程，请同学们从A、B选项中选择恰当的词帮她完成信件。 Dear Sarah, How are you? I 76 (A．have / B．had) a happy holiday last month. I 77 (A．went / B．go) to Fujian with my parents 78 (A．on / B．by) plane. We 79 (A．visited / B．visit) many interesting places. On the first day, we went to Gulangyu Island. I 80 (A．take / B．took) many pictures there and I 81 (A．enjoy / B．enjoyed) the scenery(景色).On the second day, we 82 (A．ate / B．eat) the seafood. It 83 (A．is / B．was) so delicious. On the third day, we 84 (A．climbed / B．climb) Wuyi Mountain. There were many tea trees and we 85 (A．drink / B．drank) tea there. On the fourth day, we said goodbye to Fujian. I hope I will go there again. Yours, Lucy 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 十三、保护生态环境是每一位公民的责任。请阅读下面的语篇，思考如何做一名文明公民，并从A、B选项中选择恰当的词完成语篇。   Before, the sky was blue and the air was fresh in our city. About twenty years 86 (A．before / B．ago), there 87 (A．was / B．were) more and more tall buildings, factories and cars. The air 88 (A．become / B．became) worse and worse. There was also a problem in the city park. Many people 89 (A．go / B．went) camping over the holiday. They threw rubbish(扔垃圾) everywhere. The city park became 90 (A．dirty / B．clean). Then our city made a clean-up day every month. We asked people 91 (A．help / B．to help) us clean the city park, and they could 92 (A．buy / B．get) a free dinner. More and more people came to help. Now, our city is clean. More and more people go out 93 (A．by / B．on) bike or bus. This is a 94 (A．good / B．bad) way of green transportation(绿色出行). Let’s work together to make our city 95 (A．cleaner / B．clean) and more beautiful. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 十四、用所给词语的适当形式填空，补全短文。 I 96 (be) busy last weekend. On Saturday morning, I went to the library with Lingling. She is my good friend. She is 97 (thin) than me. We 98 (read) some interesting books there. We 99 (eat) delicious food for lunch in the restaurant. In the afternoon, we 100 (buy) gifts for my mother. We had a good time. 96. 97. 98. 99. 100. 参考答案 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 11．What 12．How many 13．Which 14．When 15．Where 16．bought 17．better 18．warmer 19．had 20．cleaned 21．visit 22．yours 23．heavier 24．was 25．mine 26．was 27．Are 28．is 29．is 30．are 31．faster 32．dictionary 33．boating 34．smaller 35．washed clothes 36．gym 37．went cycling 38．swim 39．active 40．bought flowers 41．How 42．Where 43．How much 44．When 45．Who 46．What 47．an 48．some 49．a 50．some 51．I saw lots of grapes in Turpan. 52．Your feet are bigger than mine. 53．What size are your shoes? 54．Did you go to Turpan? 55．I want to buy the new film magazine. 56．B 57．D 58．A 59．E 60．C 61．How heavy is he? 62．How did you go to Xi’an? 63．She didn’t/did not clean the room the day before yesterday. 64．I ate fresh food and bought gifts for my friends. 65．She didn’t go to Shanghai by plane. 66．was 67．took 68．cut 69．and 70．the 71．easily 72．with 73．was 74．them 75．cutting 76．B 77．A 78．B 79．A 80．B 81．B 82．A 83．B 84．A 85．B 86．B 87．B 88．B 89．B 90．A 91．B 92．B 93．A 94．A 95．A 96．was 97．thinner 98．read 99．ate 100．bought $