Unit 7 单元语法讲练-【精品课】2025-2026学年八年级英语下册同步精品课件（新教材人教版）

该初中英语课件聚焦现在完成时语法教学，以歌曲《Seasons in the Sun》导入，通过歌词提取现在完成时例句，结合对话情境和练习表格构建语法结构，再分构成规则、标志词用法、与一般过去时对比等模块，形成递进式学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识，借助歌曲、文学名著（如《汤姆·索亚历险记》）及中考真题创设真实语境，通过对比分析提升思维品质，歌曲记忆法和阅读调查活动培养学习能力。学生能在应用中掌握语法，激发阅读兴趣，教师可获得系统教学资源与实践活动支持。

单元语法讲练 Learning Objectives 理解现在完成时的表意功能，总结和归纳现在完成时不同句式的构成，掌握现在完成时助动词 have/has 与不同人称代词及否定词 not 的缩略形式； 识别并恰当使用现在完成时的标志性副词 ever、never、already、just 和 yet； 在语境中正确使用现在完成时，通过与一般现在时和一般过去时的对比，深入理解并掌握现在完成时的用法; 在完成语法练习的同时了解更多文学名著，体会阅读的意义，并通过调查同学的阅读经历互相激励，激发阅读的动力。 通过本课时学习，我能够： 、 Warming-up Let's enjoy a song Seasons in the Sun. 、 3 、 Goodbye to you my trusted friend We've known each other since we were nine or ten Together we've climbed hills and trees Learned of love and ABC's Skinned our hearts and skinned our knees Goodbye my friend it's hard to die When all the birds are singing in the sky Now that spring is in the air Pretty girls are everywhere Think of me and I'll be there We had joy we had fun We had seasons in the sun But the hills that we climbed Were just seasons out of time Goodbye Papa please pray for me I was the black sheep of the family You tried to teach me right from wrong Too much wine and too much song Wonder how I got along Goodbye Papa it's hard to die When all the birds are singing in the sky Now that spring is in the air Little children everywhere When you'll see them I'll be there We had joy we had fun We had seasons in the sun But the wine and the song Like the seasons have all gone We had joy we had fun We had seasons in the sun But the wine and the song Like the seasons have all gone Look at the lyrics and pay attention to the bold words. 现在完成时 Present Perfect Tense 、 Lead in Fu Xing: ______ you ________ on a book for your report, Peter? Peter: Yes, I _________. A: ______ Peter _______ heard of this book? B: No, he’s _________ heard of it. A: ________ Chen Jie ________ this book yet? B: No, but she’s _______ borrowed it from the library. Peter: What _________ you read recently? Fu Xing: I’ve _______ finished Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. Have decided have Has ever never Has read already have just present perfect tense 、 Have you decided on a book for your report? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. Has Peter ever heard of this book? No, he’s never heard of it. Has Chen Jie read this book yet? No, but she’s already borrowed it from the library. What have you read recently? I’ve just finished The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. I’ve = I have she’s = she has haven’t = have not hasn’t = has not Read the sentences and underline the present perfect forms of the verbs. 4a “助动词have/has+过去分词” 现在完成时的构成： 、 Let's learn “助动词have/has+过去分词” 现在完成时的构成： 现在完成时的用法： 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，常与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。 The classroom is so clean, who has cleaned it? We have learned English for 6 years. 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他. 否定句：主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + 其他. 一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他？ 现在完成时的句型转换： ( haven’t/ hasn’t ) (--Yes, 主 + have/ has. No, 主+ haven’t/ hasn’t. ) P107 、 现在完成时 一、现在完成时的构成 现在完成时由“助动词have/has+过去分词”构成。 注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用has 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他. 否定句：主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + 其他. 一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他？ 现在完成时的句型转换 、 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 I have finished my homework. 否定句 主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 I have not (haven't) finished my homework. 一般疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ Have you finished your homework? 肯定回答 Yes, 主语 + have/has. Yes, I have. 否定回答 No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't. No, I haven't. 、 Let's learn Complete the table and find the rules for past participles. Base form （原形） Past form （过去式） Past participle （过去分词） Rule（规则） finish/ borrow finished/ borrowed finished/ borrowed 一般情况，直接加 -ed live/ decide lived/ decided lived/ decided 以不发音的e结尾，加-d try/ study tried/ studied tried/ studied 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i stop/ plan stopped/ planned stopped/ planned 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母：双写末尾辅音字母，再加-ed regular 、 动词过去分词 规则动词的过去分词与过去式相同，不规则动词需要单独记忆。 规则动词过去分词构成： 规则 原形 过去分词 直接加 -ed finish finished 以 e 结尾加 -d decide decided 以“辅音 + y”结尾，变 y 为 i 加 -ed study studied 重读闭音节双写加 -ed stop stopped 、 、 AAA型 cost-cost-cost hit-hit -hit let-let-let set-set-set hurt-hurt-hurt read-read-read put-put-put cut-cut-cut shut-shut-shut 注：不规则动词 包含了过去式 不规则变化 过去分词 、 、 get-got-got sit-sat-sat find-found-found meet-met-met feed-fed-fed win-won-won hold-held-held spit-spat-spat dig-dug-dug shoot-shot-shot stand-stood-stood understand-understood- understood ABB型 不规则变化 过去分词 、 、 make-made-made lend-lent-lent have/has-had-had send-sent-sent spend-spent-spent build-built-built spill-spilt-spilt mean--meant--meant spoil--spoilt--spoilt feel--felt—felt leave--left--left keep--kept--kept sleep--slept--slept sweep---swept--swept ABB型 不规则变化 过去分词 、 、 catch-caught-caught teach-taught-taught buy-bought-bought bring-brought-brought think-thought-thought fight-fought-fought ABB型 不规则变化 过去分词 、 、 ABC型 ring-rang-rung sing-sang-sung drink-drank-drunk sink-sank-sunk swim-swam-swum begin-began-begun eat-ate-eaten see-saw-seen fall-fell-fallen give-gave-given drive-drove-driven rise-rose-risen hide-hid-hidden take-took-taken mistake-mistook-mistaken 不规则变化 过去分词 、 、 ABC型 be(am, is)-was-been are-were-been draw-drew-drawn blow-blew-blown know-knew-known grow-grew-grown throw-threw-thrown show-showed-shown break-broke-broken speak-spoke-spoken choose-chose-chosen freeze-froze-frozen steal-stole-stolen write-wrote-written ride-rode-ridden forget-forgot-forgotten wear-wore-worn 不规则变化 过去分词 、 、 do-did-done go-went-gone fly-flew-flown lie-lay-lain ABC型 不规则变化 过去分词 、 、 ABA型 come-came-come become-became-become run-ran-run AAB型 beat---beat---beaten 不规则变化 过去分词 、 、 一首歌曲帮你快速记忆不规则变化的过去分词 、 meaning use ever 曾经 疑问句 never 从未 否定句 yet 尚未；还未 疑问句, 否定句 already 已经 肯定句 just 刚刚 肯定句 signal adverbs recently 最近 before 以前 so far 到目前为止 ... Have you decided on a book for your report? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. Has Peter ever heard of this book? No, he’s never heard of it. Has Chen Jie read this book yet? No, but she’s already borrowed it from the library. What have you read recently? I’ve just finished The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Pay attention to the meanings of the bold words. 4a 、 、 表示过去时间的副词 already 已经 yet 尚且；已经 before 以前 ever 曾经 never 从未 just 刚刚 so far/up to now/till now 到目前为止 in the past/last few years 在过去的几年里 表示次数的短语 once 一次 twice 两次 three times 三次 several times 几次 I have just finished my homework. This is the most beautiful park I have ever visited. He has been to Beijing several times. 标志词 、 、 表示自从...... since+过去一个时间点 since+一段时间+ago since +从句(从句用一般过去时) 表示动作持续了多长时间 for+时间段 标志词 They have lived in Beijing since 2021. They have lived in Beijing since two years ago. They have lived in Beijing since they left school. They have lived in Beijing for two years. 、 、 标志词 already和yet的用法 We have already finished our homework. He has already read Harry Potter before. She hasn’t come back yet. Have you had lunch yet? already用于肯定句，意为“已经” yet用于否定句，意为“尚未” yet用于疑问句，意为“已经” 、 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 三、现在完成时的用法 表示某一动作或状态从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。表示持续动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词。 、 past ••••••••••••••• Fu Xing finished Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. Fu Xing can share many interesting details of the book with Peter. Fu Xing has finished Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. 1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 present present perfect 、 past ••••••••••••••• I read Around the World in Eighty Days for the first time. I've already read Around the World in Eighty Days twice. present present perfect I read Around the World in Eighty Days for the second time. 2. 表示一个动作到现在已经发生了多少次。 、 I’ve always loved reading fantasy books. past present future love present perfect 3. 表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，而且可能持续到将来。 、 for + 一段时间 / since + 开始时间(从句) 四、现在完成时的标志词 already / just / never / yet / ever so far / in the past few years 、 past now Mr. and Mrs. Green have owned this house for fifty years. 50 years 、 past now ever since They have lived here ever since. 、 past now The village has changed a lot during that time. during that time 、 for + 一段时间 since + 过去时间 We have been here for fifty years. 50 years past now We have been here since 1970. 50 years past now 、 We have been here since 1970. We have been here since 50 years ago. We have been here since we got married. since + 过去的时间点 时间段 + ago 从句（一般用过去式） 、 我喜欢肯定句，我经常站助动词和过去分词中间。 I have already read the story. I have just read the story. I have never read the story. 、 肯定用already，否定、疑问用yet I haven’t read the story yet. Have you read the story yet? 我喜欢否定和疑问句，但我不喜欢在中间。 、 I have ever read the story. Have you ever read the story? 我喜欢肯定，我也喜欢疑问，我总在实义动词前面。 、 注:在肯句中，非延续性动词(如arrive、leave、come、go等)一般不能与表示持续性时间的状语(如for two hours)连用，但在否结构中，可用非延续性动词的现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。 例如: I haven't bought any food since last week. The fridge is empty now.自从上周以来，我还没有买过任何食物。 冰箱现在是空的了。 Where has Tom gone? We haven't seen him the whole morning.汤姆去哪儿了?我们整个上午都没见到他。 、 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，所以不能和表示过去的时间状语用，如 yesterday、last night、three weeks ago、in1990等。 而一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生联系，它可以和上述表示过去的时间状语连用。 、 例如: Fu Xing has worked at a nursing home since last year. 付兴从去年开始就在一家养老院工作。 Fu Xing worked at a nursing home last year. 付兴去年在一家养老院工作。 (她现在还在那里工作。) (不涉及她现在是否还在那里工作。) 、 I have watched the movie before. 我以前看过这部电影。 I watched the movie last week. 我上星期看了这部电影。 (我了解这部电影的内容。) (只说明上星期看了这部电影，不涉及现在的情况。) 、 现在完成时 一般过去时 核心含义 强调过去动作对现在的影响 / 结果，或到现在为止的经历 / 次数 强调过去某个时间发生的动作本身，与现在无直接关联 时间标志词 already, yet, just, ever, never, since, for, so far, up to now, in the past few years yesterday, last week, in 2020, just now, at that time, when I was young 动词形式 have/has + 过去分词 动词过去式 (ed / 不规则变化) 例句对比 I've read this book twice. (到现在为止读过两次) I read this book last year. (去年读过这本书) 关键区别 不与具体过去时间点连用 必须与具体过去时间点连用 、 Have you seen the movie yet? Yes, I have. I watched it yesterday. When did you watch it? 、 A: _________ you__________ (finish) homework? B: Yes, I have. A: When_________ you___________ (finish) it? B: I__________ (finish) it at 19:00. A: _________ you___________ (send) the letter to your cousin yet? B: Yes, I___________ (send) it last month. Have finished finished did finish Have sent sent Exercise 、 、 1. So far, she ______ many dishes with special tastes. A. invents B. will invent C. has invented （2025 广东卷-完形填空） 2. I’m worried about my friend because I haven’t heard from him _______. (2025黑龙江齐齐哈尔) A. exactly B. suddenly C. recently 3. — Excuse me, may I use your ruler? I ______ mine. — Of course! Here you are. (2025黑龙江哈尔滨) A. have lost B. will lose C. am losing Exercises 、 、 4. - Excuse me, may I use your dictionary? I ___ mine behind. - Sure, here you are. (2024 安徽) A. leave B. have left C. will leave D. was leaving 5. - Sally, I _______ the picture already. - Wow, truly beautiful! (2023 福建省) A. finish B. have finished C. was finishing 6. - _____ you ____ about Naxi Ancient Music yet? - Yes, I have. It is a part of Naxi culture. (2023 云南省) A. Has; heard B. Have; heard C. Did; hear D. Do; hear 、 Practice Complete the conversations with ever, never, just, already, or yet. 4b 1. A: Have you ________ heard of the book The Little Prince? B: No, I’ve ________ heard of it. A: I’ve ________ finished reading it. It’s such a simple story, but you can learn a lot from it! 2. A: Have you chosen a book for your book report ________? B: Yes, I’ve chosen The Little Match Girl. It’s such a sad story, but I love it. I’ve ________ started writing my report. 3. A: I’ve ________ read a classic novel before. Could you recommend one? B: Well, I’ve ________ finished Outlaws of the Marsh. It’s really good! A: Oh, thanks! Could I borrow it? B: Sure! ever never already/ just yet already never just hear of 听说, 得知 从中学到很多 recommend sb. sth.= recommend sth. to sb. 、 Complete the passage with the simple past or present perfect forms of the verbs in brackets. Practice 4c _______ you ever ________ (try) to read books from different countries? At the start of this year, I ________ (decide) to read books from as many countries as possible. I ________ (begin) with The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Now I ________ already ________ (read) twenty different books. These books _________ (teach) me a lot about other cultures and societies, and they _______ (allow) me to see the world differently. In the past, I only ________ (know) the names of different countries, but now I understand them a little bit better. This experience has been amazing so far. I never ________ (realize) how big our world really is! Have tried decided began have read have taught have allowed knew realized 在...的开始 在过去 到目前为止 有点, 稍微 、 、 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ Introduction of Books The Adventures of Tom Sawyer《汤姆·索亚历险记》是美国小说家马克·吐温创作的长篇小说，该小说以儿童历险生活为题材，讲述汤姆·索亚厌恶家庭、学校乃至教会的呆板生活，总幻想绿林好汉式的冒险经历。一天，他与好友偶然发现印第安·乔为盗墓杀死同伙的秘密。经过激烈思想斗争，他终于去法庭揭露了印第安·乔的罪恶。后来汤姆与哈克外出途中遇到潜逃在外的印第安·乔。印第安·乔企图杀死汤姆，结果被困入山洞饥饿而死。汤姆与哈克发现了印第安·乔埋藏的一箱金钱，两个人都成了富翁。 、 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 、 4d Interview your classmates and find out who has done these activities. read all four Chinese literary classics read a book in a different language read a book with more than 500 pages watched a movie based on a novel read a book more than twice joined a reading club Have you read all four Chinese literary classics (yet)? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. 、 一、用never、ever、already、just或yet填空。 1.I have ______ seen him before，so I have no idea about him. 2.Jack has ___________ finished his homework. 3.I have ________ written a letter to my parents，but I haven’t posted it ____. never just/already already yet 4.—Have you _____ seen the film? —No，I have ______ seen it. ever never 5.—Has the bus left ____? —Yes，it has ___________ left. yet just/already 、 51 二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 北京五中校本经典题 6.I _______（join） the book club last month and I __________（read） five books already. 7.I only _______（start） taking French classes last week and I ___________（learn） 50 French words already. joined have read started have learnt 8.Tony _______（buy） a new bike yesterday but he _____________（ride） it yet. bought hasn’t ridden 、 52 9.They _____________（listen） to many songs by The Beatles recently,but they cannot _____（sing） any of them. 10.She _____（see） the newspaper on the table this morning,but she __________（have）any time to read it yet. have listened sing saw hasn’t had 、 53 三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式完成短文，使短文意思通顺、完整。 兰生复旦校本经典题 11. ______ you ever _____（read） the famous story about Chang’e，the Chinese moon goddess?#1 Once upon a time,there was a beautiful woman named Chang’e and her husband Hou Yi. One day,ten suns 12. _________（appear） in the sky. It got very hot on the earth,and many people died. To save the people，Hou Yi 13. _____ （shoot） down nine of the suns. As a reward,the Queen Mother of the Have read appeared shot 、 54 West 14. _____（give） him a bottle of the elixir of immortality （长生不老药）.One day,someone tried to steal the bottle,so Chang’e 15. ______（drink） it instead. The elixir made her fly higher and higher. In the end，she 16. _____（fly） all the way to the moon. Some people say that Chang’e still lives there today. This story 17. _________（be） very popular since the Han Dynasty. For over a thousand years,people 18. _______________（celebrate） the Mid-Autumn Festival by offering fruit and mooncakes to the moon.#1.3 gave drank flew has been have celebrated 、 Homework Must do Can do Make sentences using the present perfect tense with ever, yet, already, never and just. Make a video to recommend a book you have read. 、 Lavf58.46.101 $