暑假作业02 时态语态（巩固培优）高一英语外研版

**基本信息** 以“结构-用法-例句”三位一体构建时态语态知识网络，通过易混点横向对比实现初升高衔接突破，培养语言运用与逻辑思维能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心时态|9种时态+适配例句|“名称-结构-用法”表格化梳理，新增高一将来进行时等|从基础时态到高中新增，按时间维度递进| |被动语态|7种语态+对应例句|主动结构迁移被动转换，突出时态一致性|依托主动时态体系，构建被动语态平行框架| |易混辨析|5组易混时态对比|“核心区别+例句对比”直击用法差异|横向对比相似时态，强化语境判断能力| |分考点练习|77道题覆盖11考点|按时态/语态设题，聚焦高频易错点|以题巩知，实现知识向解题能力转化|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业02时态语态 1、 核心时态汇总表 核心时态汇总表 序号 时态名称 核心结构 核心用法 初升高适配例句 1 一般现在时 主语 + 动词原形/三单 1. 经常性、习惯性动作；2. 客观真理、事实； 3. 现在的状态 I get up at 6:30 every morning. The earth goes around the sun. She is a senior high school student. 2 一般过去时 主语 + 动词过去式 1. 过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态； 2. 过去习惯性、经常性的动作 I finished my homework last night. He went to Beijing with his parents last summer. She was a middle school student three months ago. 3 一般将来时 主语 + will/shall + 动词原形 主语 + be going to + 动词原形 1. 将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态； 2. 计划、打算做的事 We will have a new term next month. I am going to join the English club in senior high. They will visit the Great Wall this weekend. 4 现在进行时 主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing 1. 现在正在进行的动作；2. 现阶段正在进行的动作 I am reading an English book now. They are having a math class at the moment. She is learning to play the piano these days. 5 过去进行时 主语 + was/were + 动词-ing 1. 过去某个时间点正在进行的动作； 2. 过去某段时间内持续进行的动作 I was watching TV at 8 o'clock last night. They were studying for the exam this time last week. She was reading a novel when I came in. 6 现在完成时 主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词 1. 过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果； 2. 从过去持续到现在的动作或状态 I have already finished my summer homework. She has learned English for 9 years. They have never been to Shanghai before. 7 过去完成时 主语 + had + 动词过去分词 1. 过去某个动作之前已经完成的动作（过去的过去）；2. 从过去某一时间开始持续到过去另一时间的动作 I had finished my homework before my mother came back. She had learned 2000 English words by the end of last term. They had lived here for 5 years before they moved to Beijing. 8 将来进行时（高一新增） 主语 + will be + 动词-ing 1. 将来某个时间点正在进行的动作；2. 将来某段时间内持续进行的动作 I will be having an English class at 10 o'clock tomorrow morning. They will be traveling around Europe this time next month. She will be waiting for you at the school gate when you arrive. 9 现在完成进行时（高一新增） 主语 + have/has been + 动词-ing 1. 从过去开始持续到现在的动作，强调动作的持续性；2. 动作从过去开始，现在仍在进行 I have been reading this book for 3 hours. She has been learning English since she was 6 years old. They have been working on this project all week. 2、 被动语态专项表 被动语态专项表 序号 时态名称 被动结构 核心用法 初升高适配例句 1 一般现在时被动 am/is/are + 动词过去分词 1. 经常性、习惯性的被动动作； 2. 客观事实的被动描述 English is taught in our school every day. The classroom is cleaned by us every afternoon. Many people speak Chinese around the world. 2 一般过去时被动 was/were + 动词过去分词 1. 过去某个时间发生的被动动作； 2. 过去的被动状态 The letter was sent by me yesterday. The bridge was built 10 years ago. She was praised by the teacher for her good grades. 3 一般将来时被动 will be + 动词过去分词 am/is/are going to be + 动词过去分词 1. 将来某个时间要发生的被动动作；2. 计划中的被动事件 The new school will be built next year. The homework is going to be finished by me tonight. The sports meeting will be held in October. 4 现在进行时被动 am/is/are being + 动词过去分词 1. 现在正在进行的被动动作； 2. 现阶段正在进行的被动动作 The room is being painted by the workers now. The new film is being shown in the cinema these days. The problem is being discussed by the students. 5 过去进行时被动 was/were being + 动词过去分词 1. 过去某个时间点正在进行的被动动作； 2. 过去某段时间内持续的被动动作 The house was being built this time last year. The meeting was being held when I arrived. The letter was being typed by the secretary at 9 o'clock yesterday. 6 现在完成时被动 have/has been + 动词过去分词 1. 过去发生的被动动作对现在造成的影响； 2. 从过去持续到现在的被动状态 The work has already been finished by us. This book has been read by millions of people. The new policy has been carried out since last month. 7 过去完成时被动 had been + 动词过去分词 1. 过去某个动作之前已经完成的被动动作； 2. 从过去某一时间持续到过去另一时间的被动状态 The project had been finished before the end of last month. The letter had been sent before he came back. The bridge had been built by the end of last year. 3、 高频易混点辨析（直击衔接难点） 易混时态辨析 序号 易混组 核心区别 例句对比 1 一般现在时 vs 现在进行时 一般现在时：经常性、习惯性动作，客观事实； 现在进行时：此刻/现阶段正在进行的动作 I read English every morning.（习惯性，一般现在时） I am reading English now.（此刻正在进行，现在进行时） 2 一般过去时 vs 现在完成时 一般过去时：仅强调过去发生的动作，和现在无关； 现在完成时：过去动作对现在造成的影响，和现在有关 I finished my homework yesterday.（仅强调过去动作，一般过去时） I have finished my homework.（对现在的影响：现在可以玩了，现在完成时） 3 过去进行时 vs 一般过去时 过去进行时：过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，强调过程； 一般过去时：过去某个时间发生的动作，强调结果 I was watching TV at 8 last night.（强调8点正在进行的动作，过去进行时） I watched TV last night.（强调昨晚发生了看电视这个动作，一般过去时） 4 现在完成时 vs 现在完成进行时 现在完成时：强调动作的结果或完成； 现在完成进行时：强调动作的持续性，仍在进行 I have written 3 letters.（强调结果：写了3封信，现在完成时） I have been writing letters for 2 hours.（强调持续写了2小时，仍在写，现在完成进行时） 5 一般将来时 vs 将来进行时 一般将来时：将来要发生的动作，强调结果； 将来进行时：将来某个时间点正在进行的动作，强调过程 I will have a meeting tomorrow.（强调明天有会这个结果，一般将来时） I will be having a meeting at 10 tomorrow.（强调10点正在开会的过程，将来进行时） 考点一、一般现在时 1．Charlie ________ his grandparents every weekend. He loves them very much. A．visits B．was visiting C．will visit D．has visited 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般现在时。 句意：查理每个周末都去看望他的祖父母。他非常爱他们。根据“every weekend”可知，本句为一般现在时。主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选A项。 2．This kind of TV set ________ well. A．sells B．sell C．is sold 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这种电视机很畅销。用来描述事物本身的特性，指商品畅销，sell应用主动形式表达被动含义，且主语This kind of TV set为单数，所以谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选A。 3．—Lily has ________ to Wuhan. How can I get in touch with her? —Don’t worry. She will phone you as soon as she ________ there. A．gone; gets B．gone; will get C．been; will get 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：—莉莉去武汉了。我怎么能和她取得联系呢？—别担心。她一到那儿就会给你打电话。has gone to：表示“去了某地（还没回来）”； has been to：表示“去过某地（已经回来了）”。根据“How can I get in touch with her?”可知，has gone to符合句意。as soon as引导的时间状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时表将来，所以用gets。 故选A项。      4．—Is your mother a teacher? —Yes, she is. She ________ at a junior high school. A．taught B．teaches C．will teach D．is teaching 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你妈妈是老师吗？——是的，她是。她在一所初中教书。由句意可知，问句询问妈妈是否是老师，答句用一般现在时肯定了这一事实，说明“在初中教书”是她目前的工作，应用一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选B项。 5．Spending time with family and friends ________ very important to us. A．are B．is C．were 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：花时间和家人朋友在一起对我们来说非常重要。本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，句中Spending time with family and friends是动名词短语作主语，be动词用is。故选B。 6．— Could you please tell me ________ every day? — Usually in the evening. A．when you do some reading B．when you did some reading C．when do you do some reading D．when did you do some reading 【答案】A 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：——你能告诉我你每天什么时候阅读吗？——通常在晚上。分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句，作为动词tell的宾语，宾语从句需要用陈述语序，即“主语+谓语”的结构，所以排除选项C和选项D，这两个选项都是疑问语序；再根据时间状语“every day”和答语“Usually in the evening”可知，此处描述的是经常性的动作，应该用一般现在时，所以排除选项B，选项B是一般过去时。故选A。 7．Who _____ this part _____? A．is, belonged to B．does, belong to C．does, belong D．is, belong to 【答案】B 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：这部分是谁的？belong to是固定短语，意为“属于”，不能用被动语态，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，句子是特殊疑问句，this part是单数，因此助动词用does，因此空格处分别是does和belong to。故选B。 考点二、一般过去时 8．—Nancy has worked in our company for three years. She speaks French very fluently. —She ______ French for four years in the university. A．had studied B．studying C．has studied D．studied 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：——南希已经在我们公司工作了三年了。她的法语说得非常流利。——她在大学里学习法语长达四年之久。此处动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故选D。 9．—Did Jack come back early last night? It really ________ me. —Yes, it was not yet eight o’clock ________ he arrived home. A．was concerned about; when B．concerned; when C．concerned; that D．was concerned about; that 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词和状语从句引导词。句意：—杰克昨晚回来得早吗？这真的让我担心。—是的，他到家的时候还不到八点钟。第一个空处为句子的谓语动词。concern可作及物动词，意为“使担心；使忧虑”，主语it指代“杰克是否早归”这件事，直接接宾语me；be concerned about主语通常是人，表“关心……”，不符合语境。第二空处为时间状语从句，“it was not yet eight o’clock when...”表示“当……的时候还不到八点钟”，when引导从句作时间状语。故填B。 10．— Wow, you’ve made so much progress in drawing. — Thanks. I ________ two online courses this winter holiday. A．took B．will take C．take 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——哇，你在绘画方面取得了这么大的进步。——谢谢。今年寒假我上了两门网络课程。根据this winter holiday可知，上网络课程这个动作发生在过去，句子使用一般过去时，take的过去式是took。故选A。 11．— I have seen the film We Are All Fighters against the COVID-19. What about you, Peter? — Oh. I ________ it last week. A．have seen B．see C．saw 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——我已经看过抗击新冠肺炎的电影《我们都是战士》了。你呢，彼得？——哦。我上周看了它。根据时间状语last week可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，see的过去式是saw。故选C。 12．Judy ________ this toy bear in 2015. She ________ it for three years. A．bought; has had B．has bought; has had C．has bought; had 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：朱迪在2015年买了这个玩具熊。她已经拥有它三年了。“in 2015”是过去的时间点，所以第一个空用“bought”；再根据“for three years.”可知，第二个空为现在完成时。故选A项。 13．Tom was quite thirsty, so he ________ a large bottle of water in a few minutes. A．drink B．drinks C．drank 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：汤姆很渴，所以他几分钟内就喝了一大瓶水。根据“Tom was quite thirsty”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的动作，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式drank。故选C。 14．Tom is a great football player. He ________ to play football when he was 8 years old. A．begins B．began C．has begun D．will begin 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：汤姆是一位优秀的足球运动员。他八岁时开始踢足球。根据句中时间状语“when he was 8 years old”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词begin用过去式began。故选B项。 考点三、一般将来时 15．It ________ long before the school art festival opens, and drama clubs are rehearsing nonstop to perfect their performances. A．isn’t B．hasn’t been C．wasn’t D．won’t be 【答案】D 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：学校艺术节不久就要开幕了，戏剧社正在不停排练以完善他们的表演。本句表达“过不了多久就会……”，主句和从句都表示将来的动作或状态。before引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主句则应用一般将来时。故选D项。 16．I ________ ten years old next year. A．will be B．am going to C．will have 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我明年就十岁了。will be：一般将来时的常见表达，will 后接动词原形 be，“will be”表示将来的状态，“I will be ten years old next year.” 表示明年我将会处于十岁的状态，符合句子表达年龄变化的语境。am going to：一般表示计划、打算做某事，后面需接动词原形。若说 “I am going to be ten years old next year.”从语法上没错，但“be going to”更强调主观计划，而年龄增长并非主观计划，用在此处不如“will be”自然贴切。will have：have常见意思为“有”“拥有”等，“I will have ten years old”表达有误。故选A项。 17．— Linda, do you know for the school trip this term? — Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum. A．where we are going B．where we went C．where are we going D．where did we go 【答案】A 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：——琳达，你知道这学期学校旅行我们要去哪里吗？——是的。我们要去首都博物馆。“我们要去哪里”是宾语从句，从句要用陈述句语序，C、D选项是疑问句语序，可排除；再根据答语“We are going to the Capital Museum.”可知，问的是这学期学校旅行要去哪里，是将来的动作，B选项“where we went”是一般过去时，不符合语境，A选项“where we are going”是一般将来时，符合语境。故选A项。 18．Mother often tells me. “I hope you________ what I ________ you to do at school!” A．won’t forget; have told B．don’t forget; will tell C．didn’t forget; tell D．haven’t forgotten; am telling 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态辨析。句意：妈妈经常告诉我：“我希望你不要忘记我已经告诉你在学校要做的事！”A. won’t forget不会忘记（一般将来时）；have told已经告诉（现在完成时）；B. don’t forget不要忘记（一般现在时）；will tell将要告诉（一般将来时）；C. didn’t forget没有忘记（一般过去时）；tell告诉（一般现在时）；D. haven’t forgotten没有忘记（现在完成时）；am telling正在告诉（现在进行时）。由句意可知，“希望你不要忘记”是对未来的期望，应用一般将来时；“我已经告诉你”强调过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时。故选A项。 19．—Shall we hang out in Great Bazaar (大巴扎) tomorrow? —I’m afraid not. ________ the final game of the World Cup on TV. A．There B．There will be C．There will have D．There is going to have 【答案】B 【详解】考查there be句型的时态辨析。句意：——我们明天去大巴扎逛逛怎么样？——恐怕不行。电视上会直播世界杯决赛。根据问句中的“tomorrow”以及语境可知，回答句表示“明天电视上有世界杯决赛”，用一般将来时，且表示“有……”用there be句型，其一般将来时形式为there will be或there is/are going to be，“the final game of the World Cup on TV”在句中作主语。故选B项。 20．As soon as he _______back, I’ll tell him when and see him. A．comes, will you come B．will come, do you come C．comes, you will come D．will come, you come 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和宾语从句语序。句意：他一回来，我就会告诉他你什么时候会来看他。在as soon as引导的时间状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，从句主语he是第三人称单数，所以come要用第三人称单数形式comes；第二空位于when引导的宾语从句中，要用陈述句语序，且表示“你将会来看他”，应该用一般将来时，故第二空填you will come。故选C。 21．If you read a lot today, you ________ in the future. A．succeed B．will succeed C．succeeded D．succeeds 【答案】B 【详解】考查一般将来时。句意：如果你今天读了很多书，你将来就会成功。if引导条件状语从句时，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，其基本形式是will do。故选B。 考点四、现在进行时 22．Scientists warn that due to habitat loss, the Arctic fox in certain regions ________ extinct, which signals a serious imbalance in the ecosystem. A．is going B．was going C．has been going D．had gone 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：科学家警告说，由于栖息地的丧失，某些地区的北极狐正濒临灭绝，这表明生态系统存在严重的失衡。此处为谓语动词，句中“warn”表明是现在的警告，“due to habitat loss”描述的是当前正在发生的情况，因此“北极狐濒临灭绝”是现阶段正在进行的动作或趋势，应用现在进行时，所以谓语动词is going，be going extinct表示“即将灭绝”。故选A项。 23．I can’t hear you. I ________ to an English speech. A．am listening B．was listening C．listened 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我听不见你说话。我正在听一场英语演讲。此处为谓语动词，根据“I can’t hear you”可知，此处描述当前所处的状态，使用现在进行时，强调此时此刻正在进行的动作，主语“I”对应的现在进行时结构为am listening。故选A项。 24．— Our foreign teacher ________ for Australia on Sunday. Shall we go to see him off at the airport? — Good idea! Thanks to him, we have much progress in English. A．is leaving B．left C．has left D．was leaving 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——我们的外教周日将动身去澳大利亚。我们去机场为他送行好吗？——好主意！多亏了他，我们的英语有了很大进步。根据“on Sunday”可知，此处表示将来要发生的动作，leave for表示“动身去……”，空处使用现在进行时表示将来，主语Our foreign teacher是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故选A。 25．— Tom, where is your little sister? — She ________ in the backyard now. A．is playing B．will play C．played D．plays 【答案】A 【详解】考查现在进行时。句意：——汤姆，你的小妹妹在哪里？——她现在正在后院玩。根据句中的时间状语“now”（现在）可知，句子描述的是当前正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，其结构为“am/is/are +现在分词”，主语“she”是第三人称单数，be动词用is，play的现在分词是playing，因此空处应填is playing。故选A项。 26．Recently, Ava _______________ a book, but I don’t know whether she has finished it. A．is writing B．wrote C．writes D．is written 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：最近，Ava正在写一本书，但我不知道她是否写完了。根据Recently和下文“but I don’t know whether she has finished it”可知，表示现阶段一直做的动作，用现在进行时结构，故选A。 27．The song sounds professional. Let’s go downstairs and see who ________ (sing). A．sings B．sang C．is singing D．will sing 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这首歌听起来很专业。我们下楼去看看是谁在唱歌。根据“The song sounds professional.”可知，此处表示正在进行的动作，使用现在进行时，主语为who，be动词用is。故填is singing。 28．—Tony, what are you doing? —I have just finished my work and ______a shower. A．have taken B．will take C．took D．am taking 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：——托尼，你在干什么？——我刚完成我的工作，正在洗澡。根据上文what are you doing?可知，此处为正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时。故选D。 考点五、过去进行时 29．—I didn’t take notes at yesterday’s meeting because I had left my pen at home. —You ________ mine and I ________ it. A．must have borrowed; wasn’t using B．might have borrowed; didn’t use C．could have borrowed; wasn’t using D．should have borrowed; hadn’t used 【答案】C 【详解】考查“情态动词+have done”的用法，时态和主谓一致。句意：——昨天开会我没做笔记，因为我把钢笔落在家里了。——你本来可以借我的呀，我当时又没用它。由“I had left my pen at home”可知，第二个人的意思是“你本来可以借我的呀，我当时又没用它”，第一空用could have borrowed表示“本可以借，事实上却没借”，第二空时态用过去进行时，表示过去的某一时刻正在做的事情，主语是I，因此第二空是wasn’t using。故选C。 30．At 8 p.m. yesterday, the students ________ a group presentation while their teacher was giving feedback on individual drafts. A．prepared B．are preparing C．have prepared D．were preparing 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：昨天晚上8点，学生们正在准备小组展示，而他们的老师正在对个人草稿给出反馈。prepare“准备”。本空为while前句子的谓语，根据“was giving”可知，句子描述过去正在发生的事情，时态用过去进行时，谓语用were preparing。故选D。 31．Mary a picture when her dad got home yesterday evening. A．draws B．was drawing C．is drawing D．will draw 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当昨天晚上玛丽的爸爸到家时，她正在画画。由语境可知，表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作，句子应用过去进行时。故选B项。 32．—Hi, Daniel. You didn’t attend the chess class last night. —Oh. I________ my son’s model plane. A．am repairing B．have repaired C．was repairing 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——嗨，丹尼尔。你昨晚没上象棋课。——哦，我当时正在修我儿子的模型飞机。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“last night”可知，此处描述的是过去动作，结合“You didn’t attend the chess class”可知，此处强调过去某个特定时间正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，主语“I”对应的过去进行时结构为was repairing。故选C项。 33．— Were you at home at 9 o’clock last night? — Yes, I ________ a shower at that time. A．was taken B．was taking C．am taking 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：——昨晚9点你在家吗？——在，那时我正在洗澡。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“at 9 o’clock last night”以及“at that time”可知，此处需用过去进行时，强调过去某个具体时间点正在进行的动作，其结构为“was/were +现在分词”，主语为“I”，所以谓语动词为was taking。故选B项。 34．Peter with his classmates ________ for the bus when the earthquake happened. A．is waiting B．was waiting C．were waiting 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：地震发生时，彼得正和他的同学们一起等公交车。根据“when the earthquake happened”可知，此处描述过去某个时间点正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时，主语“Peter with his classmates”为介词with连接两个主语，谓语动词的单复数形式使用就远原则，即谓语动词与Peter形式一致，所以谓语动词需用单数形式was waiting。故选B项。 35．Tom ________ when I called him yesterday. A．read B．is reading C．was reading 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态。句意：昨天我打电话给汤姆时，他正在看书。根据called可知，此处强调在过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，要用过去进行时，主语Tom是第三人称单数，所以用was reading。故选C。 考点六、现在完成时 36．— Would you like to watch the movie Chang An with me? — Em, although I _______ it twice, I’d still like to go with you. A．see B．saw C．have seen 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态。句意：——你想和我一起看电影《长安三万里》吗？——嗯，虽然我已经看过两遍了，但我还是想和你一起去。根据twice可知，see“看”这一动作发生在过去，且对现在造成了影响（知道电影内容但仍愿意再看），时态用现在完成时，主语为I，助动词用have，see的过去分词为seen。故选C。 37．Born and ________ in a poor family, he has always ________ confidence and is afraid of doing anything wrong to let his parents ________. A．risen... lacked of... down B．rose... been lacking in... out C．bred... lacked... down D．raised... lacked... out 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析、固定搭配及非谓语动词。句意：他在一个贫困的家庭出生并被抚养长大，一直缺乏自信，还害怕做错任何事让父母失望。第一空，分析句子结构，“Born”为过去分词作状语，此处与“Born”并列，也需用过去分词形式，且表示“被抚养”的含义：A项“risen”（rise的过去分词）意为“上升”，无“抚养”义；B项“rose”（rise的过去式）是谓语动词形式，不可作状语，且含义不符；D项“raised”（raise的过去分词）虽有“抚养”义，但后续搭配存在错误，暂不考虑；C项“bred”（breed的过去分词）可表示“养育、抚养”，符合“被动抚养”的语境及语法要求。第二空，考查“缺乏”的表达：A项“lacked of”搭配错误，“lack”作动词时直接接宾语，无需“of”；B项“been lacking in”虽语法正确，但结合语境“一直缺乏”，用一般过去时“lacked”更简洁贴合；C项“lacked”为动词过去式，直接接宾语“confidence”，搭配正确；D项“lacked”本身正确，但后续“let out”搭配错误。第三空为固定短语“let sb. down”，意为“让某人失望”；“let sb. out”意为“让某人出去”，不符合语境。故选C项。 38．This is the third time that I ________ Hong Kong. The second time I ________ here was at Easter last year. A．have visited; came B．have visited; have come C．visited; came D．visited; had come 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是我第三次访问香港。我第二次来这里是在去年的复活节。在“This is the+序数词+time that...”的结构中，that从句通常使用现在完成时，第一个空应填have visited；第二个空为从句谓语，根据时间状语从句last year可知，应用一般过去时，第二空应填came。故选A。 39．Some primary and secondary schools ________ winter sports to their courses since Beijing won the right to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games. A．added B．have added C．were adding 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从北京获得2022年冬奥会举办权以来，一些中小学已经把冬季运动纳入了他们的课程。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语从句“since Beijing won the right...”可知，此处为现在完成时，强调动作从过去某一时间点开始，持续到现在并可能产生影响，主语“Some primary and secondary schools”为复数，所以谓语为have added。故选B项。 40．I ________ the guitar ever since I was 8 years old. A．played B．have played C．will play 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从我8岁起，我就一直在弹吉他。此处为主句谓语动词，根据时间状语从句“ever since I was 8 years old”可知，主句应使用现在完成时，强调动作从过去某一时间开始，持续到现在并可能继续下去，主语“I”为第一人称，所以谓语动词为have played。故选B项。 41．—Jenny, your new tape player looks great. —Oh, it’s not new. I ________ it for three years. A．bought B．have had C．have bought 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态及延续性动词的用法。句意：——詹妮，你的新磁带播放机看上去很棒。——哦，那不是新的。我已经拥有它三年了。根据“for three years”可知，此处表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，且与一段时间连用，需用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”。又因为buy是短暂性动词，不能与一段时间连用，所以需将其转换为延续性动词have。主语I是第一人称，助动词用have。故选B。 42．— Do you miss your parents far away? — Yes, very much. They ________ the hometown for a month. A．have left B．were away from C．have been away from 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态。句意：——你想念远方的父母吗？——是的，非常想念。他们离开家乡一个月了。“for a month”表示一段时间，常与现在完成时连用，且谓语动词要用延续性动词。left是短暂性动词，不能与一段时间连用，were away from是一般过去时，不符合语境；have been away from是现在完成时结构，且be away from表示“离开”，是延续性动词短语，符合题意。故选C。 考点七、过去完成时 43．By the time the fire engine arrived, the entire building ________ down due to an accidental electrical fault. A．burned B．had burned C．has been burned D．is being burned 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：等到消防车赶到时，整座大楼已经因意外的电气故障而完全烧毁了。动词burn在句中作谓语动词，根据时间状语从句“By the time the fire engine arrived”中的谓语动词arrived可知，动词burn发生的动作在动词arrive之前，而且arrive使用的是一般过去时时态，动词burn需用过去完成时时态had burned表示。故选B。 44．The train ________ before I arrived at the station. A．left B．has left C．had left 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：火车在我到达车站之前就已经离开了。根据before I arrived可知，“离开”这一动作发生在“到达”之前，即过去的过去，故此处需用过去完成时：had+过去分词。故选C。 45．By the time I was five, I ________ learning English. A．had started B．have started C．started D．have been 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：到我五岁的时候，我已经开始学习英语了。由By the time I was five可知，此空时态应用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”，指在5岁（过去）之前就已经完成的事情。故选A项。 46．I met Jim last week. We ________ each other for about twenty years since we left Japan. A．didn’t meet B．don’t meet C．haven’t met D．hadn’t met 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：我上周见过吉姆。自从我们离开日本以来，我们已经有20年没有见面了。根据“ since we left Japan.”可知，动词meet发生在过去动作left之前，表示过去的过去，此处应用过去完成时。故选D。 47．It was two years since I ________with her. A．had dined B．was dining C．dined D．had been dining 【答案】A 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：我已经有两年没有和她一起吃过饭了。“it was+时间段+since+过去完成时”是固定句型，表示“自从……到(过去的)某个时刻已经多久了”，句中“I had dined with her”发生在“It was two years”之前，是“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。故选A。 48．When he lost his job because of carelessness, he felt he had _____ his family. A．fell B．featured C．failed D．figured 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他因为粗心大意而失去工作时，他觉得自己辜负了家人。A. fell跌倒，减少；B. featured以……为特色；C. failed辜负，使失望；D. figured认为，理解，弄懂，计算。由语意可知，他丢了工作，所以他觉得这件事使他的家人失望，fail符合语境；此处应用动词过去分词形式与助动词had组合为过去完成时态，表示动作发生在felt之前。故选C项。 49．By the end of last month, Jane________enough money for the poor sick boy. A．raised B．would raise C．had raised D．has raised 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到上个月底为止，简已经为那个可怜的生病的男孩筹到了足够的钱。根据上文By the end of last month可知表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故选C。 考点八、将来进行时（高一新增） 50．At 9:00 a.m. tomorrow, our class ________ a chemistry experiment in the lab, so don’t forget to wear safety goggles. A．will do B．will be doing C．are doing D．have done 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：明天上午9点，我们班要在实验室做化学实验，所以别忘了戴上护目镜。根据时间状语“At 9:00 a.m. tomorrow”可知，句子描述将来某个时间点正在发生的动作，应用将来进行时will be doing。故选B。 51．——At this time tomorrow ________ over the Atlantic. ——Oh, wish you a good journey. A．we are going to fly B．we’ll be flying C．we’ll fly D．we are to fly 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——明天这个时候我们将正在飞越大西洋。——哦，祝你旅途愉快。根据时间状语At this time tomorrow可知，此处指明天的这个时候正在进行的动作，应使用将来进行时will be doing。故选B。 52．I won't be free this Sunday morning. I ________a friend off at the airport. A．saw B．will have seen C．am seeing D．will be seeing 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：这个星期天上午我没空。我要到机场给朋友送行。根据时间状语 this Sunday morning并结合句意可知，用将来进行时，表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，所以用will be doing。故选D。 53．The professor ________ an important conference at 10 o’clock this Sunday morning. A．will have attended B．will be attending C．have been attending D．have attended 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：这位教授将于本周日早上10点参加一个重要的会议。根据后文at 10 o'clock this Sunday morning，可知表示将来某个时刻正在发生的事情，用将来进行时。故选B。 54．—I will come to attend your lecture at 10: 00 tomorrow. —I’m sorry, by then my lecture will have ended and I ________ my guests in my office. A．am meeting B．will meet C．will be meeting D．will have met 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：句意：——我明天10点来听你的讲座。——对不起，到那时我的演讲就结束了，我将在办公室会见我的客人。分析可知，所填空应是谓语，根据前文“by then my lecture will have ended(到那时我的讲座就结束了)”可知，应用将来进行时表达“那时”将会正在发生的动作。故选C项。 55．You’d better not phone the manager between seven and eight tomorrow evening. He________an important meeting then. A．will be having B．will have had C．has had D．would have 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：明天晚上7点到8点之间最好不要给经理打电话。那时他将有一个重要的会议。根据上一句中时间状语“between seven and eight tomorrow evening”和句中时间状语“then”可知，描述明天晚上7点到8点之间正在发生的动作，用将来进行时态。故选A项。 56．I  ________ classes at 8:00 tomorrow. A．am having B．have C．will have D．will be having 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：明天8点我将正在上课。根据时间状语“at 8:00 tomorrow”可知表示将来某一时间正在发生的动作，用将来进行时，故选D。 考点九、现在完成进行时（高一新增） 57．—Hi, Mary, you look tired. —I’m tired. I ________ the homework all day. A．did B．had done C．have been doing D．have done 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——嗨，玛丽，你看起来很累。——我很累。我一整天都在做作业。do“做”。A. did为do的过去式；B. had done为过去完成时；C. have been doing为现在完成进行时；D. have done为现在完成时。空格处应表达持续进行的动作，且对现在造成了影响，故时态用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在，并有可能继续下去的动作。故选C。 58．—How much do you know about the trade war between China and America? —Well, the newspapers ________ it in the past few weeks. A．report B．will report C．reported D．have been reporting 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：——你对中美贸易战了解多少?——好吧，报纸在过去几周一直在报道这件事。根据句中时间状语in the past few weeks可知，用现在完成时态，结合句意可知，这里用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。故选D。 59．She looks quite tired because she ________ for her final exams all week. A．will study B．studied C．has been studying D．had studied 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她看起来很疲惫，因为她整个星期都在为期末考试学习。主句描述当前状态，从句解释原因，结合“all week”可知，时态应用现在完成进行时，描述导致当前状态的近期持续动作，且该动作可能仍在进行。故选C。 60．The company ________ furniture for over 200 years, and has a worldwide reputation for quality. A．has been making B．was made C．is making D．will have made 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这家公司制造家具已有200多年历史，其产品质量享誉全球。时间状语for over 200 years表示从过去持续到现在的一段时间，常与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用，此处强调公司制造家具这个动作从200多年前开始一直持续到现在，并且还会继续下去，用现在完成进行时，主语是The company，助动词使用has。故选A。 61．Tom ________ in the library every night over the last three months. A．works B．has been working C．worked D．had been working 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的三个月里，汤姆每天晚上都在图书馆学习。根据时间状语every night over the last three months可知，此空应是现在完成进行时has been working表示汤姆在过去的三个月里一直坚持每晚在图书馆学习，强调动作从过去持续到现在且仍在进行。故选B。 62．—There is too much rain these days, isn’t there? —Yes, it ________ for a week. A．rained B．was raining C．had been raining D．has been raining 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：——这几天雨水太多了，不是吗？——是的，雨已经下了整整一周了。根据后文“for a week”以及上文“There is too much rain these days”，可知表示动作从过去持续到现在，且仍在进行，用现在完成进行时。故选D。 63．Scientists research on the migration of monarchs ever since they found this kind of insects are in trouble. A．had done B．are doing C．have been doing D．did 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从科学家们发现这种昆虫陷入困境以来，他们就一直在研究帝王蝶的迁徙。根据后文ever since they found this kind of insects are in trouble可知，动作发生在过去，持续不间断，直到现在，还有可能持续下去，应用现在完成进行时。故选C。 考点十、被动语态的形式 64．— Why didn’t you come to Jim’s Christmas party? We had a good time. — I wanted to go there, but I _______. A．don’t invite B．am not invited C．wasn’t invited 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：——你为什么没来参加吉姆的圣诞派对？我们玩得很开心。——我想去那里，但没被邀请。本句描述过去的动作和状态，应用一般过去时，主语I和invite“邀请”之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为I，be动词用was，谓语用wasn’t invited。故选C。 65．When I ________, the movie started. A．seated B．was being seated C．was seated D．had seated 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：当我落座后，电影开始了。根据主句中的started可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。I和seat(使就座)之间是动宾关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是I，助动词用was。故选C。 66．According to the art dealer, the painting ________ to go for at least a million dollars. A．is expected B．expects C．expected D．is expecting 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：据艺术品经销商说，这幅画预计至少能卖到100万美元。设空处为谓语，陈述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语the painting和expect之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，应填is expected。故选A。 67．Nowadays, rain forests ______ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. A．had been cut B．are being cut C．were cut D．will cut 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：如今，热带雨林正以如此惊人的速度遭到砍伐和焚烧，以至于它们在不久的将来就会从地球上消失。根据时间状语Nowadays和句意可知，表示动作正在进行，所以用现在进行时。主语rain forests与cut之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选B。 68．Language learning apps ________ by more and more people these days. A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：如今，越来越多的人使用语言学习应用程序。分析句子可知，“Language learning apps（语言学习应用程序）”和“use（使用）”之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。时间状语 “these days（如今，现在）”表明句子要用一般现在时。主语“Language learning apps”是复数，所以be动词用 “are”，“use”的过去分词是“used”。故选C项。 69．—Can you go out with me tonight? —Sorry, my mother won’t allow me to go out unless my homework ________. A．will be finished B．was finished C．is finished 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：——你今晚能和我出去吗？——抱歉，除非我的作业做完了，否则我妈妈不会允许我出去。此处为谓语动词，主句为一般将来时，“unless”引导条件状语从句，按照“主将从现”的原则，此处使用一般现在时表将来，且“my homework”与“finish”之间存在被动关系，所以此处为一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are +过去分词”，主语“my homework”为不可数名词，对应的be动词为is，finish的过去分词形式为finished，所以谓语动词为is finished。故选C项。 70．More trees ________ in our city to protect the environment next year. A．plants B．will plant C．are planted D．will be planted 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：为了保护环境，明年我们城市将种植更多的树。根据时间状语“next year”可知，用一般将来时，其结构为will do，且trees与plant之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，其结构为will be done。故选D。 考点十一、被动语态的用法 71．Great changes________in my hometown in the past few years. A．took place B．were take place C．have taken place D．have been taken place 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在完成时，与语态。句意：在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。take place表示“发生”，无被动语态；根据句子的时间状语“in the past few years”可知，需要用现在完成时。故选C。 72．These books ________ well, and they will ________ soon. A．sell; sell out B．are sold; sell out C．sell; be sold out D．are sold; sold out 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态，主谓一致和被动语态。句意：这些书很畅销，很快就会卖光。sell和well连用时用主动表被动，sth. sell well表示“某物卖得好，很畅销”，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语books是复数，因此第一空是sell；they指代前面的“These books”，是被卖光，第二空所在句子用被动语态，will后跟be done，因此第二空是be sold out，故选C。 73．Computers of this kind ________. They are out of  stock (脱销) now. A．sell good B．sell well C．are sold good D．are sold well 【答案】B 【详解】考查主动语态表示被动语态。句意：这种电脑卖得很好。它们现在脱销了。分析句子可知，表示“卖得好”，为主语computer的性质，用主动语态表示被动语态。sell“卖”为实意动词，用副词well修饰。故选B项。 74．A number of strawberries grown in this area________ well in the center cities. A．are sold B．sell C．is sold 【答案】B 【详解】考查语态。句意：这个地区的很多草莓在中心城市卖的很好。根据语境和句意可知，这里是被动语态，但是sell well用主动表被动，故选B。 75．In the past few years, great changes________ in my hometown. A．have taken place B．have been taken place C．were taken place 【答案】A 【详解】考查语态。句意：过去几年，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。根据In the past few years可知用完成时；根据语境可知用被动语态，但是take place是不及物动词动词，因此无被动语态。故选A。 76．The clerk in the post office _______ the parcel and told the woman that it _______ 2 pounds. A．weighed, was weighed B．was weighed, weight C．weighed, weighed D．weight, weighed 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态和主动表被动。句意：邮局的工作人员称了一下包裹的重量，告诉那位女士包裹重2磅。第一空weigh作谓语，表示“称重”，主语为人，根据后文told，可知应用一般过去时的主动语态；第二空weigh表示主语的某种属性特征，表示“重量为……”，可用主动表被动，且时态为一般过去时，故第二空填weighed。故选C。 77．The children________. A．must take good care of B．must be taken good care C．must take good care D．must be taken good care of 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词和被动语态。句意：孩子们一定会得到很好的照顾。主语与谓语之间表示被动关系，故谓语用被动语态。故排除AC两项。短语take good care of“好好照顾”是及物动词短语，可以用于被动语态。含情态动词的被动语态是“情态动词+be+动词的过去分词”。故选D项。 一、时态 1．He ________ more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15. A．has learned B．would have learned C．learned D．had learned 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：当他15岁进入大学时，他已经学会了5000多个英语单词。“when he entered the university at the age of 15”是一个时间状语从句，表示“当他15岁进入大学时”，这是一个明确的过去时间点。主句描述的是在这个过去时间点之前已经完成的动作，即“他已经学会了5000多个英语单词”，这要求使用过去完成时，表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作或状态。故选D。 2．If the country ________ the opportunity, it will need continuing support from the outside world—preferably on a greater scale than it ________ so far. A．is to seize... has received B．is about to seize... received C．seizes... has received D．is seizing... received 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态。句意：如果这个国家想要抓住这个机会，它将需要外界持续的支持，最好这种支持的规模比它目前所获得的更大。横线一所在句子是个条件状语从句，主句使用一般将来时，从句应该使用一般现在时；横线二包括时间状语so far，应该使用现在完成时，综上所述，故选C项。 3．To what extent will future scientific discoveries ________ the prolonging of the human life? A．be made possible B．make it possible C．make possible D．be made it possible 【答案】C 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：未来的科学发现将在多大程度上使人类寿命的延长成为可能？该句为特殊疑问句，此处为“make +宾语+宾语补足语”结构，主语为“future scientific discoveries”，will后应为动词原形，宾语是“the prolonging of the human life”，所以“possible”作宾语补足语。故选C项。 4．We ________ each other since I came to Beijing, but we send emails very often. A．didn’t see B．don’t see C．haven’t seen 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态。句意：自从我来到北京，我们就没见过面，但我们经常发电子邮件。根据“since I came to Beijing”可知，主句应使用现在完成时，表示从过去某一时间点开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，haven’t seen是现在完成时的否定形式，符合语境。didn’t see是一般过去时；don’t see是一般现在时，均不符合句子时态要求。故选C。 5．While the lights ________ to red, a car suddenly appeared round the corner and rushed out. A．change B．have changed C．were changing D．will change 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当灯变红时，一辆汽车突然出现在拐角处并冲了出来。change(改变，变化)作从句谓语，根据语境可知，这里表示交通灯正在转变的过程中，汽车突然出现，所以要用过去进行时态were changing。故选C。 二、语态 6．I didn’t know that wheat ________ in that small African country as the main crop. What’s more, it’s said that wheat _______ well in that climate. A．grew, is grown B．is grown, is grown C．had grown, grows D．was grown, grows 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：我不知道那个非洲小国把小麦作为主要作物来种植。而且，据说小麦在那种气候下生长得很好。第一空，结合前文“didn’t know”可知that引导的宾语从句使用一般过去时，“wheat”和“grow(种植)”之间是被动关系，即“小麦被种植”，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为wheat，be动词用was，即was grown；第二空，“wheat”和“grow(生长)”之间是主动关系，即“小麦生长”，且“it’s said that(据说……)”描述的是客观事实，所以应用一般现在时，that引导的主语从句的主语是wheat，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式grows。综上所述，故选D。 7．Grandpa never received my birthday gift. I’m afraid it ________ to the wrong address. A．delivers B．delivered C．be delivered D．was delivered 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：爷爷从未收到过我的生日礼物。我担心是它被送到了错误的地址。此处deliver在宾语从句作谓语，与主语it（指代gift）构成被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故选D。 8．Different kinds of robots ________ to do many things in our daily life. A．used B．use C．are using D．are used 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：不同种类的机器人在我们的日常生活中被用来做很多事情。设空处使用动词作谓语，句中robots和use之间是被动关系，句中in our daily life表示的是客观事实。故使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选D。 9．When he was at college, he and his friends ________ to organize a party. A．are asking B．were asked C．was asked D．asks 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：当他在大学时，他和他的朋友们被要求组织一个聚会。空处作主句谓语，根据句中was可知，句子使用一般过去时，ask与主语he and his friends之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是he and his friends，be动词使用were。故选B项。 10．It is strongly recommended that the machines _______ every year. A．will check B．has checked C．be checked D．checked 【答案】C 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：强烈建议每年对机器进行检查。分析句子结构，根据上文“It is strongly recommended that(强烈建议……)”可知本句应使用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词使用“should+动词原形”结构，check与从句主语machines之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，所以空白处应填“be+过去分词”结构，故选C项。 短文语法填空 用方框中的短语完成句子，其中有两项为多余选项。 A．make an effort  B．pass away  C． over and over  D．put up  E. let off  F. In general  G. calm down 88．Mr. Wang always explains a question until all the students understand it. 89．I was so excited to hear the good news that it took me a while to . 90．The Chinese often red paper cuts on some special occasions to create an atmosphere (氛围) of joy. 91． , a learned man makes fewer mistakes in life than a man without knowledge. 92．This plan has already been discussed in detail, so next we should to carry it out. 【答案】88．C 89．G 90．D 91．F 92．A 【解析】88．考查副词短语。句意：王老师总是一遍又一遍地解释一个问题，直到所有的学生都理解为止。根据句意及常识可知，此处使用副词短语over and over“反复，再三”，作状语。故选C。 89．考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：听到这个好消息我太激动了，过了一会儿才平静下来。根据句意可知，此处使用动词短语calm down“平静下来；镇定下来”，空前to是不定式符号。故选G。 90．考查动词短语和时态。句意：中国人经常在一些特殊的场合贴红剪纸，以创造一种欢乐的气氛。根据句意及常识可知，此处使用动词短语put up“张贴”，句子陈述习惯性的动作，应用一般现在时。故选D。 91．考查介词短语。句意：一般来说，有学问的人一生中犯的错误比没有知识的人少。根据句意可知，此处使用介词短语in general“总之，通常；一般而言”，位于句首，首字母大写。故选F。 92．考查动词短语和情态动词+动词原形。句意：这个计划已经详细讨论过了，所以接下来我们要努力去实施。根据句意可知，此处使用动词短语make an effort“努力，作出努力”，情态动词should后接动词原形。故选A。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业02时态语态 1、 核心时态汇总表 核心时态汇总表 序号 时态名称 核心结构 核心用法 初升高适配例句 1 一般现在时 主语 + 动词原形/三单 1. 经常性、习惯性动作；2. 客观真理、事实； 3. 现在的状态 I get up at 6:30 every morning. The earth goes around the sun. She is a senior high school student. 2 一般过去时 主语 + 动词过去式 1. 过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态； 2. 过去习惯性、经常性的动作 I finished my homework last night. He went to Beijing with his parents last summer. She was a middle school student three months ago. 3 一般将来时 主语 + will/shall + 动词原形 主语 + be going to + 动词原形 1. 将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态； 2. 计划、打算做的事 We will have a new term next month. I am going to join the English club in senior high. They will visit the Great Wall this weekend. 4 现在进行时 主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing 1. 现在正在进行的动作；2. 现阶段正在进行的动作 I am reading an English book now. They are having a math class at the moment. She is learning to play the piano these days. 5 过去进行时 主语 + was/were + 动词-ing 1. 过去某个时间点正在进行的动作； 2. 过去某段时间内持续进行的动作 I was watching TV at 8 o'clock last night. They were studying for the exam this time last week. She was reading a novel when I came in. 6 现在完成时 主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词 1. 过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果； 2. 从过去持续到现在的动作或状态 I have already finished my summer homework. She has learned English for 9 years. They have never been to Shanghai before. 7 过去完成时 主语 + had + 动词过去分词 1. 过去某个动作之前已经完成的动作（过去的过去）；2. 从过去某一时间开始持续到过去另一时间的动作 I had finished my homework before my mother came back. She had learned 2000 English words by the end of last term. They had lived here for 5 years before they moved to Beijing. 8 将来进行时（高一新增） 主语 + will be + 动词-ing 1. 将来某个时间点正在进行的动作；2. 将来某段时间内持续进行的动作 I will be having an English class at 10 o'clock tomorrow morning. They will be traveling around Europe this time next month. She will be waiting for you at the school gate when you arrive. 9 现在完成进行时（高一新增） 主语 + have/has been + 动词-ing 1. 从过去开始持续到现在的动作，强调动作的持续性；2. 动作从过去开始，现在仍在进行 I have been reading this book for 3 hours. She has been learning English since she was 6 years old. They have been working on this project all week. 2、 被动语态专项表 被动语态专项表 序号 时态名称 被动结构 核心用法 初升高适配例句 1 一般现在时被动 am/is/are + 动词过去分词 1. 经常性、习惯性的被动动作； 2. 客观事实的被动描述 English is taught in our school every day. The classroom is cleaned by us every afternoon. Many people speak Chinese around the world. 2 一般过去时被动 was/were + 动词过去分词 1. 过去某个时间发生的被动动作； 2. 过去的被动状态 The letter was sent by me yesterday. The bridge was built 10 years ago. She was praised by the teacher for her good grades. 3 一般将来时被动 will be + 动词过去分词 am/is/are going to be + 动词过去分词 1. 将来某个时间要发生的被动动作；2. 计划中的被动事件 The new school will be built next year. The homework is going to be finished by me tonight. The sports meeting will be held in October. 4 现在进行时被动 am/is/are being + 动词过去分词 1. 现在正在进行的被动动作； 2. 现阶段正在进行的被动动作 The room is being painted by the workers now. The new film is being shown in the cinema these days. The problem is being discussed by the students. 5 过去进行时被动 was/were being + 动词过去分词 1. 过去某个时间点正在进行的被动动作； 2. 过去某段时间内持续的被动动作 The house was being built this time last year. The meeting was being held when I arrived. The letter was being typed by the secretary at 9 o'clock yesterday. 6 现在完成时被动 have/has been + 动词过去分词 1. 过去发生的被动动作对现在造成的影响； 2. 从过去持续到现在的被动状态 The work has already been finished by us. This book has been read by millions of people. The new policy has been carried out since last month. 7 过去完成时被动 had been + 动词过去分词 1. 过去某个动作之前已经完成的被动动作； 2. 从过去某一时间持续到过去另一时间的被动状态 The project had been finished before the end of last month. The letter had been sent before he came back. The bridge had been built by the end of last year. 3、 高频易混点辨析（直击衔接难点） 易混时态辨析 序号 易混组 核心区别 例句对比 1 一般现在时 vs 现在进行时 一般现在时：经常性、习惯性动作，客观事实； 现在进行时：此刻/现阶段正在进行的动作 I read English every morning.（习惯性，一般现在时） I am reading English now.（此刻正在进行，现在进行时） 2 一般过去时 vs 现在完成时 一般过去时：仅强调过去发生的动作，和现在无关； 现在完成时：过去动作对现在造成的影响，和现在有关 I finished my homework yesterday.（仅强调过去动作，一般过去时） I have finished my homework.（对现在的影响：现在可以玩了，现在完成时） 3 过去进行时 vs 一般过去时 过去进行时：过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，强调过程； 一般过去时：过去某个时间发生的动作，强调结果 I was watching TV at 8 last night.（强调8点正在进行的动作，过去进行时） I watched TV last night.（强调昨晚发生了看电视这个动作，一般过去时） 4 现在完成时 vs 现在完成进行时 现在完成时：强调动作的结果或完成； 现在完成进行时：强调动作的持续性，仍在进行 I have written 3 letters.（强调结果：写了3封信，现在完成时） I have been writing letters for 2 hours.（强调持续写了2小时，仍在写，现在完成进行时） 5 一般将来时 vs 将来进行时 一般将来时：将来要发生的动作，强调结果； 将来进行时：将来某个时间点正在进行的动作，强调过程 I will have a meeting tomorrow.（强调明天有会这个结果，一般将来时） I will be having a meeting at 10 tomorrow.（强调10点正在开会的过程，将来进行时） 考点一、一般现在时 1．Charlie ________ his grandparents every weekend. He loves them very much. A．visits B．was visiting C．will visit D．has visited 2．This kind of TV set ________ well. A．sells B．sell C．is sold 3．—Lily has ________ to Wuhan. How can I get in touch with her? —Don’t worry. She will phone you as soon as she ________ there. A．gone; gets B．gone; will get C．been; will get 4．—Is your mother a teacher? —Yes, she is. She ________ at a junior high school. A．taught B．teaches C．will teach D．is teaching 5．Spending time with family and friends ________ very important to us. A．are B．is C．were 6．— Could you please tell me ________ every day? — Usually in the evening. A．when you do some reading B．when you did some reading C．when do you do some reading D．when did you do some reading 7．Who _____ this part _____? A．is, belonged to B．does, belong to C．does, belong D．is, belong to 考点二、一般过去时 8．—Nancy has worked in our company for three years. She speaks French very fluently. —She ______ French for four years in the university. A．had studied B．studying C．has studied D．studied 9．—Did Jack come back early last night? It really ________ me. —Yes, it was not yet eight o’clock ________ he arrived home. A．was concerned about; when B．concerned; when C．concerned; that D．was concerned about; that 10．— Wow, you’ve made so much progress in drawing. — Thanks. I ________ two online courses this winter holiday. A．took B．will take C．take 11．— I have seen the film We Are All Fighters against the COVID-19. What about you, Peter? — Oh. I ________ it last week. A．have seen B．see C．saw 12．Judy ________ this toy bear in 2015. She ________ it for three years. A．bought; has had B．has bought; has had C．has bought; had 13．Tom was quite thirsty, so he ________ a large bottle of water in a few minutes. A．drink B．drinks C．drank 14．Tom is a great football player. He ________ to play football when he was 8 years old. A．begins B．began C．has begun D．will begin 考点三、一般将来时 15．It ________ long before the school art festival opens, and drama clubs are rehearsing nonstop to perfect their performances. A．isn’t B．hasn’t been C．wasn’t D．won’t be 16．I ________ ten years old next year. A．will be B．am going to C．will have 17．— Linda, do you know for the school trip this term? — Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum. A．where we are going B．where we went C．where are we going D．where did we go 18．Mother often tells me. “I hope you________ what I ________ you to do at school!” A．won’t forget; have told B．don’t forget; will tell C．didn’t forget; tell D．haven’t forgotten; am telling 19．—Shall we hang out in Great Bazaar (大巴扎) tomorrow? —I’m afraid not. ________ the final game of the World Cup on TV. A．There B．There will be C．There will have D．There is going to have 20．As soon as he _______back, I’ll tell him when and see him. A．comes, will you come B．will come, do you come C．comes, you will come D．will come, you come 21．If you read a lot today, you ________ in the future. A．succeed B．will succeed C．succeeded D．succeeds 考点四、现在进行时 22．Scientists warn that due to habitat loss, the Arctic fox in certain regions ________ extinct, which signals a serious imbalance in the ecosystem. A．is going B．was going C．has been going D．had gone 23．I can’t hear you. I ________ to an English speech. A．am listening B．was listening C．listened 24．— Our foreign teacher ________ for Australia on Sunday. Shall we go to see him off at the airport? — Good idea! Thanks to him, we have much progress in English. A．is leaving B．left C．has left D．was leaving 25．— Tom, where is your little sister? — She ________ in the backyard now. A．is playing B．will play C．played D．plays 26．Recently, Ava _______________ a book, but I don’t know whether she has finished it. A．is writing B．wrote C．writes D．is written 27．The song sounds professional. Let’s go downstairs and see who ________ (sing). A．sings B．sang C．is singing D．will sing 28．—Tony, what are you doing? —I have just finished my work and ______a shower. A．have taken B．will take C．took D．am taking 考点五、过去进行时 29．—I didn’t take notes at yesterday’s meeting because I had left my pen at home. —You ________ mine and I ________ it. A．must have borrowed; wasn’t using B．might have borrowed; didn’t use C．could have borrowed; wasn’t using D．should have borrowed; hadn’t used 30．At 8 p.m. yesterday, the students ________ a group presentation while their teacher was giving feedback on individual drafts. A．prepared B．are preparing C．have prepared D．were preparing 31．Mary a picture when her dad got home yesterday evening. A．draws B．was drawing C．is drawing D．will draw 32．—Hi, Daniel. You didn’t attend the chess class last night. —Oh. I________ my son’s model plane. A．am repairing B．have repaired C．was repairing 33．— Were you at home at 9 o’clock last night? — Yes, I ________ a shower at that time. A．was taken B．was taking C．am taking 34．Peter with his classmates ________ for the bus when the earthquake happened. A．is waiting B．was waiting C．were waiting 35．Tom ________ when I called him yesterday. A．read B．is reading C．was reading 考点六、现在完成时 36．— Would you like to watch the movie Chang An with me? — Em, although I _______ it twice, I’d still like to go with you. A．see B．saw C．have seen 37．Born and ________ in a poor family, he has always ________ confidence and is afraid of doing anything wrong to let his parents ________. A．risen... lacked of... down B．rose... been lacking in... out C．bred... lacked... down D．raised... lacked... out 38．This is the third time that I ________ Hong Kong. The second time I ________ here was at Easter last year. A．have visited; came B．have visited; have come C．visited; came D．visited; had come 39．Some primary and secondary schools ________ winter sports to their courses since Beijing won the right to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games. A．added B．have added C．were adding 40．I ________ the guitar ever since I was 8 years old. A．played B．have played C．will play 41．—Jenny, your new tape player looks great. —Oh, it’s not new. I ________ it for three years. A．bought B．have had C．have bought 42．— Do you miss your parents far away? — Yes, very much. They ________ the hometown for a month. A．have left B．were away from C．have been away from 考点七、过去完成时 43．By the time the fire engine arrived, the entire building ________ down due to an accidental electrical fault. A．burned B．had burned C．has been burned D．is being burned 44．The train ________ before I arrived at the station. A．left B．has left C．had left 45．By the time I was five, I ________ learning English. A．had started B．have started C．started D．have been 46．I met Jim last week. We ________ each other for about twenty years since we left Japan. A．didn’t meet B．don’t meet C．haven’t met D．hadn’t met 47．It was two years since I ________with her. A．had dined B．was dining C．dined D．had been dining 48．When he lost his job because of carelessness, he felt he had _____ his family. A．fell B．featured C．failed D．figured 49．By the end of last month, Jane________enough money for the poor sick boy. A．raised B．would raise C．had raised D．has raised 考点八、将来进行时（高一新增） 50．At 9:00 a.m. tomorrow, our class ________ a chemistry experiment in the lab, so don’t forget to wear safety goggles. A．will do B．will be doing C．are doing D．have done 51．——At this time tomorrow ________ over the Atlantic. ——Oh, wish you a good journey. A．we are going to fly B．we’ll be flying C．we’ll fly D．we are to fly 52．I won't be free this Sunday morning. I ________a friend off at the airport. A．saw B．will have seen C．am seeing D．will be seeing 53．The professor ________ an important conference at 10 o’clock this Sunday morning. A．will have attended B．will be attending C．have been attending D．have attended 54．—I will come to attend your lecture at 10: 00 tomorrow. —I’m sorry, by then my lecture will have ended and I ________ my guests in my office. A．am meeting B．will meet C．will be meeting D．will have met 55．You’d better not phone the manager between seven and eight tomorrow evening. He________an important meeting then. A．will be having B．will have had C．has had D．would have 56．I  ________ classes at 8:00 tomorrow. A．am having B．have C．will have D．will be having 考点九、现在完成进行时（高一新增） 57．—Hi, Mary, you look tired. —I’m tired. I ________ the homework all day. A．did B．had done C．have been doing D．have done 58．—How much do you know about the trade war between China and America? —Well, the newspapers ________ it in the past few weeks. A．report B．will report C．reported D．have been reporting 59．She looks quite tired because she ________ for her final exams all week. A．will study B．studied C．has been studying D．had studied 60．The company ________ furniture for over 200 years, and has a worldwide reputation for quality. A．has been making B．was made C．is making D．will have made 61．Tom ________ in the library every night over the last three months. A．works B．has been working C．worked D．had been working 62．—There is too much rain these days, isn’t there? —Yes, it ________ for a week. A．rained B．was raining C．had been raining D．has been raining 63．Scientists research on the migration of monarchs ever since they found this kind of insects are in trouble. A．had done B．are doing C．have been doing D．did 考点十、被动语态的形式 64．— Why didn’t you come to Jim’s Christmas party? We had a good time. — I wanted to go there, but I _______. A．don’t invite B．am not invited C．wasn’t invited 65．When I ________, the movie started. A．seated B．was being seated C．was seated D．had seated 66．According to the art dealer, the painting ________ to go for at least a million dollars. A．is expected B．expects C．expected D．is expecting 67．Nowadays, rain forests ______ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. A．had been cut B．are being cut C．were cut D．will cut 68．Language learning apps ________ by more and more people these days. A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 69．—Can you go out with me tonight? —Sorry, my mother won’t allow me to go out unless my homework ________. A．will be finished B．was finished C．is finished 70．More trees ________ in our city to protect the environment next year. A．plants B．will plant C．are planted D．will be planted 考点十一、被动语态的用法 71．Great changes________in my hometown in the past few years. A．took place B．were take place C．have taken place D．have been taken place 72．These books ________ well, and they will ________ soon. A．sell; sell out B．are sold; sell out C．sell; be sold out D．are sold; sold out 73．Computers of this kind ________. They are out of  stock (脱销) now. A．sell good B．sell well C．are sold good D．are sold well 74．A number of strawberries grown in this area________ well in the center cities. A．are sold B．sell C．is sold 75．In the past few years, great changes________ in my hometown. A．have taken place B．have been taken place C．were taken place 76．The clerk in the post office _______ the parcel and told the woman that it _______ 2 pounds. A．weighed, was weighed B．was weighed, weight C．weighed, weighed D．weight, weighed 77．The children________. A．must take good care of B．must be taken good care C．must take good care D．must be taken good care of 一、时态 1．He ________ more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15. A．has learned B．would have learned C．learned D．had learned 2．If the country ________ the opportunity, it will need continuing support from the outside world—preferably on a greater scale than it ________ so far. A．is to seize... has received B．is about to seize... received C．seizes... has received D．is seizing... received 3．To what extent will future scientific discoveries ________ the prolonging of the human life? A．be made possible B．make it possible C．make possible D．be made it possible 4．We ________ each other since I came to Beijing, but we send emails very often. A．didn’t see B．don’t see C．haven’t seen 5．While the lights ________ to red, a car suddenly appeared round the corner and rushed out. A．change B．have changed C．were changing D．will change 二、语态 6．I didn’t know that wheat ________ in that small African country as the main crop. What’s more, it’s said that wheat _______ well in that climate. A．grew, is grown B．is grown, is grown C．had grown, grows D．was grown, grows 7．Grandpa never received my birthday gift. I’m afraid it ________ to the wrong address. A．delivers B．delivered C．be delivered D．was delivered 8．Different kinds of robots ________ to do many things in our daily life. A．used B．use C．are using D．are used 9．When he was at college, he and his friends ________ to organize a party. A．are asking B．were asked C．was asked D．asks 10．It is strongly recommended that the machines _______ every year. A．will check B．has checked C．be checked D．checked 短文语法填空 用方框中的短语完成句子，其中有两项为多余选项。 A．make an effort  B．pass away  C． over and over  D．put up  E. let off  F. In general  G. calm down 88．Mr. Wang always explains a question until all the students understand it. 89．I was so excited to hear the good news that it took me a while to . 90．The Chinese often red paper cuts on some special occasions to create an atmosphere (氛围) of joy. 91． , a learned man makes fewer mistakes in life than a man without knowledge. 92．This plan has already been discussed in detail, so next we should to carry it out. 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $