专题06 完形填空（期末复习专项训练）高二英语下学期沪教版

**基本信息** 精选多地高二期末真题，聚焦完形填空高频考点，通过多样话题考查语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |社会现象|1篇（上海黄浦格致中学）|动词/名词辨析、转折逻辑|从个体经历到群体特征，通过对比凸显价值观| |文学节选|1篇（《Frankenstein》）|形容词/副词辨析、情感描写|从情节发展到人物心理，强化语境推断能力| |教育话题|1篇（上海建平中学）|抽象名词辨析、观点论证|从现象到理论，培养批判性思维| |个人经历|3篇（湖南/广东/天津）|动词短语、情境推理|从事件起因到结果，构建完整叙事逻辑| |公益行为|1篇（安徽蚌埠）|情感副词、主旨理解|从个人选择到社会影响，提升文化意识|

专题06 完形填空（期末复习专项训练） Passage 1 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．C Passage 2 16．B 17．A 18．B 19．A 20．C 21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．A Passage 3 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．B 36．D 37．C 38．C 39．A 40．B 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A Passage 1 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．A 15．C Passage 2 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. D 11. B 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D Passage 3 1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．A 16．B 17．D 18．B 19．D 20．B Passage 4 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．D 10．C 11．A 12．C 13．C 14．D 15．B Passage 5 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．D 15．A 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 完形填空（期末复习专项训练） Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·上海市黄浦区格致中学·期末）Taylor works full-time in the cleaning department while co-parenting his 10-year-old son. Ada, a cancer survivor, was enduring the miserable treatment. Mohammad was kicked out of prep school, then 1 for 100 days from high school for selling chocolate to his classmates. Emanuel was 2 a three-year sentence for armed robbery. These are not the profiles of students who get admitted to a classic university-run honors college. 3 , they are enrolled at the Honors Living-Learning Community of Rutgers University-Newark, an institution where they and others with similarly 4 life stories are pushing the boundaries of what defines an honors college by emphasizing courage in overcoming life’s difficulties, rather than 5 . Across the United States, the continuous drive for reputation has generated the 6 in the number of honors colleges. Nearly 900 schools, almost all being public universities and community colleges belong to the National Collegiate Honors Council. Among them, it is usually a brilliant idea for an institution to 7 applicants whose top-of-the-class high-school records and SAT scores would assure a renowned private university. The bait (诱饵) is the honors college, which promises the intimate feel of a small college within a(n) 8 state school. The students in these honors colleges, mostly white and middle-class, receive concierge treatment (礼宾待遇) with considerable scholarships, separate housing, special seminars, faculty mentors, research opportunities and first crack at courses in high demand. However, things are 9 at the Honors Living-Learning Community, which mainly enrolls black and Latino students–nearly twice as many as the total of black and Latino undergraduates in the rest of Rutgers-Newark’s programs. Their high-school grades and SAT scores are lower than the campus average. While academic skill 10 in determining who gets selected, the emphasis is on these students’ perseverance, their drive to learn and their passion for social justice. Every 11 of the honors program comes straight from the book on how to engage undergraduates 12 , and minority students in particular. The students receive scholarships that cover their living expenses well as tuition. Without this 13 , most couldn’t enroll full-time, and evidence shows that part-time students are far less likely to graduate. A 14 number of community college graduates are admitted, which gives 18-year-olds, fresh out of high school, an opportunity to learn from peers with more life 15 . 1．A．graduated B．abandoned C．prohibited D．suspended 2．A．reading B．serving C．passing D．escaping 3．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．Instead D．Similarly 4．A．faulty B．smooth C．meaningful D．interesting 5．A．social experience B．family backgrounds C．academic performance D．human relationships 6．A．pursuit B．explosion C．exploit D．progress 7．A．tempt B．enroll C．introduce D．cultivate 8．A．remote B．public C．packed D．outstanding 9．A．difficult B．different C．discouraging D．disturbing 10．A．differs B．ranges C．matters D．varies 11．A．student B．major C．component D．college 12．A．especially B．intensively C．generally D．particularly 13．A．passion B．aim C．aid D．initiative 14．A．stable B．certain C．random D．growing 15．A．expectancy B．tragedy C．experience D．passion 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了罗格斯大学荣誉学院的创新招生模式。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mohammad被预备学校开除，然后因为向同学卖巧克力而被高中停课100天。A. graduated毕业；B. abandoned抛弃；C. prohibited禁止；D. suspended暂停，中止（课程、活动等）。根据下文“for 100 days from high school for selling chocolate to his classmates”可知，Mohammad因犯错被学校“停学”。故选D。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Emanuel因持械抢劫被判三年徒刑。A. reading阅读；B. serving服刑；C. passing通过；D. escaping逃跑。根据下文“a three-year sentence for armed robbery”可知，Emanuel因持械抢劫被判三年徒刑，因此他正在“服刑”。故选B。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们被罗格斯大学纽瓦克分校的荣誉生活学习社区录取，在那里，他们和其他有着类似坎坷人生故事的人正在通过强调克服生活困难的勇气，而不是学术表现，来突破荣誉学院的界限。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C. Instead相反；D. Similarly相似地。根据上文“These are not the profiles of students who get admitted to a classic university-run honors college.”和下文“they are enrolled at the Honors Living-Learning Community of Rutgers University-Newark, an institution where they and others with similarly ____ life stories are pushing the boundaries of what defines an honors college by emphasizing courage in overcoming life’s difficulties”可知，这些人并不是传统大学荣誉学院录取的学生类型，而“相反”，他们被罗格斯大学纽瓦克分校的荣誉生活学习社区录取。故选C。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. faulty有错误的，有问题的；B. smooth顺利的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. interesting有趣的。根据上文“Taylor works full-time in the cleaning department while co-parenting his 10-year-old son. Ada, a cancer survivor, was enduring the miserable treatment. Mohammad was kicked out of prep school, then ____ for 100 days from high school for selling chocolate to his classmates. Emanuel was ____ a three-year sentence for armed robbery.”可知，上文提到的辍学、犯罪等经历可知，他们的人生故事是“坎坷的、有波折的”，faulty 可引申为“不顺利的”，符合语境。故选A。 5．考查名词短语辨析。句意同上。A. social experience社会经验；B. family backgrounds家庭背景；C. academic performance学术表现；D. human relationships人际关系。根据上文“These are not the profiles of students who get admitted to a classic university-run honors college.”和下文“While academic skill ____ in determining who gets selected, the emphasis is on these students’ perseverance, their drive to learn and their passion for social justice.”可知，传统荣誉学院更看重“学业表现”，而罗格斯大学的荣誉生活学习社区在招生时更强调学生的毅力、学习动力和对社会正义的热情，而不是“学术表现”。故选C。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在美国各地，对声誉的不断追求导致了荣誉学院数量的激增。A. pursuit追求；B. explosion爆炸，激增；C. exploit利用；D. progress进步。根据下文“Nearly 900 schools, almost all being public universities and community colleges belong to the National Collegiate Honors Council.”可知，荣誉学院的数量在“激增”。故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于一所学校来说，吸引那些在高中成绩优异、SAT分数高到足以保证进入知名私立大学的申请者通常是一个好主意。A. tempt吸引；B. enroll注册；C. introduce介绍；D. cultivate培养。根据下文“applicants whose top-of-the-class high-school records and SAT scores would assure a renowned private university. The bait (诱饵) is the honors college”可知，荣誉学院是吸引这些优秀申请者的“诱饵”。故选A。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：诱饵是荣誉学院，它承诺在一所杰出的州立学校内营造出小型学院的亲密氛围。A. remote遥远的；B. public公立的；C. packed挤满的；D. outstanding杰出的。根据上文“state school. The students in these honors colleges, mostly white and middle-class, receive concierge treatment (礼宾待遇) with considerable scholarships, separate housing, special seminars, faculty mentors, research opportunities and first crack at courses in high demand.”可知，这些学校是“杰出的”大学。故选D。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，荣誉生活学习社区的情况却有所不同，这里主要招收黑人和拉丁裔学生——几乎是罗格斯大学纽瓦克分校其他项目黑人和拉丁裔本科生总数的两倍。A. difficult困难的；B. different不同的；C. discouraging令人沮丧的；D. disturbing令人不安的。根据下文“which mainly enrolls black and Latino students–nearly twice as many as the total of black and Latino undergraduates in the rest of Rutgers-Newark’s programs”可知，荣誉生活学习社区的情况与其他荣誉学院“不同”。故选B。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然学术技能在决定谁被选中时很重要，但重点在于这些学生的毅力、学习动力和对社会正义的热情。A. differs不同；B. ranges变动，（在一定范围内）变化；C. matters重要；D. varies变化。根据下文“the emphasis is on these students’ perseverance”可知，虽然学术技能在决定谁被选中时“重要”，但重点还是在于学生的毅力等品质。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：荣誉项目的每个组成部分都直接源自于关于如何强烈吸引本科生——尤其是少数族裔学生——的书籍。A. student学生；B. major专业；C. component组成部分；D. college学院。根据下文“of the honors program”可知，此处指的是荣誉项目的每一部分。故选C。 12．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. especially尤其；B. intensively深入地，强烈地；C. generally一般地；D. particularly特别地。根据上文“the book on how to engage undergraduates”可知，此处表示这些书籍强烈吸引本科生。故选B。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有这种援助，大多数人无法全日制入学，证据表明，非全日制学生毕业的可能性要小得多。A. passion激情；B. aim目标；C. aid援助；D. initiative倡议。根据上文“The students receive scholarships that cover their living expenses well as tuition.”可知，学生获得的奖学金是一种“援助”。故选C。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的社区大学毕业生被录取，这给了刚从高中毕业的18岁学生一个向更有生活经验的同龄人学习的机会。A. stable稳定的；B. certain确定的；C. random随机的；D. growing增长的。根据下文“number of community college graduates are admitted”可知，越来越多的社区大学毕业生被录取，因此此处表示“增长的”数量。故选D。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. expectancy期望；B. tragedy悲剧；C. experience经验；D. passion激情。根据上文“community college graduates”可知，社区大学毕业生有更多的生活“经验”。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·海市海华东师范大学附属进华中学·期末） Frankenstein On a stormy night in 1815, a young, 18-year-old girl had a 16 nightmare. The nightmare was terrible, but it gave her an idea for a tale — a tale that would become the most recognized 17 story in the world: the story of Frankenstein's monster. The author's name was Mary Shelley (1797 — 1851). Her novel describes the trials of an 18 young scientist, Dr Frankenstein, who uses his knowledge to bring an inanimate body to life, but then 19 the shocking “monster” he creates. At the time of writing, the story was a powerful warning 20 scientific advances and is the Industrial Revolution, which was about 21 across Europe. Many artists and writers were concerned 22 this industrialization and the effect it would have 23 man's relationship with nature. They saw danger in the new scientific advances. Volume 1, Chapter 4 It was on a dreary night in November that I completed my work. With an anxiety that almost 24 to pain, I collected the instruments of life around me that I might add a small amount of being to the lifeless thing that 25 at my feet. It was already one in the morning; the rain fell dismally against the windows, and my candle was nearly burnt out, when, by the failing light, I saw the yellow eye of the 26 open; it breathed hard, and a sudden movement disturbed its arms and legs. How can I describe my emotions at this disaster, or how to describe the terrible creature I had tried to form? His arms and legs were in proportion, and I had selected his 27 as beautiful. Beautiful! His yellow skin 28 covered the muscles beneath; his hair was black and flowing; his teeth of a pearly whiteness that formed a horrible contrast with his watery eyes, his 29 face and straight black mouth. I had worked hard for nearly two years, for the only purpose of breathing life into an inanimate body. For this I had 30 myself of rest and health, but now that I had finished, the beauty of the dream disappeared, and breathless horror and disgust filled my heart. 16．A．moral B．vivid C．massive D．pure 17．A．horror B．motivation C．peak D．charm 18．A．elegant B．ambitious C．innocent D．patient 19．A．rejects B．boosts C．hacks D．rebels 20．A．at B．with C．against D．of 21．A．spread B．spreading C．to spread D．to spreading 22．A．at B．to C．about D．with 23．A．at B．to C．about D．on 24．A．amounted B．attained C．combined D．engaged 25．A．lies B．lied C．laid D．lay 26．A．creature B．cage C．civilian D．comedy 27．A．features B．settings C．symbols D．professions 28．A．universally B．barely C．unrealistically D．artificially 29．A．shifted B．rooted C．eased D．wrinkled 30．A．deprived B．behaved C．decreased D．tackled 【答案】16．B 17．A 18．B 19．A 20．C 21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．A 【导语】这篇文章是《弗兰肯斯坦》创作背景及小说节选。它旨在向读者客观介绍这部经典作品的创作背景、核心内容、时代意义，并通过节选提供文本例证，帮助读者理解这部作品。 16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1815年一个暴风雨的夜晚，一位18岁的年轻女孩做了一个清晰的噩梦。A. moral 道德的；B. vivid 生动的，清晰的；C. massive 大量的；D. pure 纯净的。此空需要一个形容词修饰“nightmare”。B项“vivid”意为“生动的，逼真的”，能体现出噩梦的清晰和真实感，这也与后文“it gave her an idea for a tale”对女孩产生的影响相呼应。故选B项。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个噩梦十分可怕，却它给了她一个故事的灵感——这个故事日后将成为全世界最广为人知的恐怖故事：弗兰肯斯坦的怪物传说。A. horror 恐怖；B. motivation 动机；C. peak 顶峰；D. charm 魅力。 根据前文的“nightmare”可推测，这个故事是恐怖的，“horror”表示“恐怖”，并且根据常识，《弗兰肯斯坦》是经典的恐怖故事，符合其文学类型。故选A项。 18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的小说描述了一位有雄心的年轻科学家弗兰肯斯坦博士的试验。A. elegant 优雅的；B. ambitious 有雄心的；C. innocent 无辜的；D. patient 耐心的。空格修饰“young scientist”， 结合后文“uses his knowledge to bring an inanimate body to life”可知他用知识赋予无生命体生命，是其有雄心的体现。故选B项。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：弗兰肯斯坦博士用学识赋予无生命体以生命，却拒绝他亲手创造的骇人怪物。A. rejects 拒绝，排斥；B. boosts 推广；C. hacks 砍，非法侵入；D. rebels 反叛。 空格描述弗兰肯斯坦对他创造的怪物的反应。根据空前弗兰肯斯坦博士用学识赋予无生命体以生命， 再结合but 以及后文“breathless horror and disgust”描述他感到喘不过气的恐惧和厌恶，可推测他是拒绝接受自己创造的怪物，A项最准确描述了他的态度和行动。故选A项。 20．考查介词辨析。句意：在创作这部小说时，这个故事是对科学进步以及即将蔓延欧洲的工业革命的有力警示。A. at 在……；B. with 带有 ；C. against 反对；D. of ……的。根据本段最后一句“They saw danger in the new scientific advances.”可知强调的是科学进步的危险，C项 against 符合语意。故选C项。 21．考查固定搭配。句意：在创作这部小说时，这个故事是对科学进步以及即将蔓延欧洲的工业革命的有力警示。A. spread 传播(过去式/过去分词)；B. spreading 传播(现在分词/动名词)；C. to spread 传播(不定式)；D. to spreading 传播(介词+动名词)。根据文章第一段给的时间点1815年，以及上文“the story was a powerful warning 5 scientific advances and is the Industrial Revolution”结合常识可知，1815年工业革命处于向欧洲扩散的进程中，非“即将开始”。“be about doing”表示“正在进行某事”（动作已开始），更符合工业革命在1815年的历史阶段。故选B项。 22．考查介词词义辨析。句意：许多艺术家和作家对这种工业化以及它将对人类与自然的关系产生的影响感到担忧。A. at 在；B. to 向，对于；C. about 关于；D. with 和……一起。分析句子结构可知，空格需与“concerned”搭配。“concerned about”是固定搭配，意为“对……担忧”。故选C项。 23．考查介词词义辨析。句意：许多艺术家和作家对这种工业化以及它将对人类与自然的关系产生的影响感到担忧。A. at 在；B. to 向，对于；C. about 关于；D. on 在……上，关于。分析句子结构可知，空格需与“effect”搭配。“effect on”是固定搭配，意为“对……的影响”。故选D项。 24．考查动词词义辨析。 句意：我怀着一种几乎为痛苦的焦虑，将生命的工具聚集在身边，想为我脚下那个躺着的无生命之物增添一丝生气。 A. amounted 总计达；B. attained 达到，获得；C. combined 结合；D. engaged 从事。空格动词需与“to”搭配，描述焦虑的程度。结合语意“焦虑几乎达到了痛苦的程度”，“amounted to”有“相当于，达到……程度”的含义，符合句意。故选A项。 25．考查动词词义辨析。 句意：我怀着一种几乎为痛苦的焦虑，将生命的工具聚集在身边，想为我脚下那个躺着的无生命之物增添一丝生气。A. lies 撒谎，位于，躺(lie的单三形式)；B. lied 撒谎(lie的过去式)；C. laid 放置(lay的过去式)；D. lay 躺，位于(lie的过去式)。 空格描述无生命之物的状态。根据常识和上下文“I saw the yellow eye”可推测是向下看,看到了黄色的眼睛，所以它应该是“躺”或“位于”在他脚边。故选D项。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到那生物的黄色眼睛睁开了。 A. creature 生物；B. cage 笼子；C. civilian 平民；D. comedy 喜剧。空格修饰yellow eye，这眼睛属于弗兰肯斯坦刚刚赋予生命的那个东西。前文称它为“the lifeless thing”，后文称它为“the terrible creature”，A项符合语意。故选A项。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的四肢比例协调，而且我选择让它有一个好看的外貌。A. features 面貌；B. settings 环境，设置；C. symbols 特征；D. professions 职业。 空格指弗兰肯斯坦为他的创造物选择的“美丽的”部分。根据后文描述（皮肤、头发、牙齿、眼睛、脸、嘴），他是在描述其身体特征。 故选A项。 28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它那黄色的皮肤几乎遮不住下面的肌肉 。A. universally 普遍地；B. barely 几乎不；C. unrealistically 不现实地；D. artificially 人工地。空格修饰“covered”，描述黄色皮肤覆盖肌肉的程度。后文说皮肤与肌肉形成对比，且整体描述非常恐怖。后文“formed a horrible contrast”表明皮肤的状态不佳（黄色）与下面的肌肉形成可怕对比。B项barely表示皮肤很薄，几乎遮不住肌肉，能解释这种恐怖效果，符合怪物外貌的恐怖描述。故选B项。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它的头发乌黑飘逸；它那珍珠般洁白的牙齿与它那水汪汪的眼睛、满是褶皱的面容和笔直的黑嘴巴形成了可怕的对比。A. shifted 改变的；B. rooted 扎根的；C. eased 放松的；D.wrinkled 有皱纹的。结合语意，这里说怪物的脸满是褶皱，十分吓人，故选D项。 30．考查动词词义辨析。 句意：为了这个目的，我剥夺了自己的休息时间和健康。A. deprived 剥夺；B. behaved 表现；C. decreased 减少；D. tackled 处理，应付。 空格动词需与“myself of rest and health”搭配。结合上文“I had worked hard for nearly two years, for the only purpose of breathing life into an inanimate body”这里说作者为了给无生命的物体注入生命，几乎两年努力工作，推测为此剥夺了自己的休息时间和健康。“deprive oneself of sth”是固定搭配，意为“使自己丧失某物，剥夺自己的某物”，符合句意。故选A项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·上海市建平中学·期末） No, You Don’t Get an A Just for Effort After 20 years of teaching, I thought I’d heard every argument in the book from students who wanted a better grade. But recently, multiple students had a new complaint: “My grade doesn’t reflect the effort I put into this course.” High marks are for 31 , not grit (硬扛，死磕). In the past, students understood that hard work was not sufficient; an A required great work. Yet today, many students expect to be rewarded for the quantity of their effort rather than the quality of their knowledge. In surveys, two-thirds of college students say that “trying hard” should be a factor in their grades, and a third think they should get at least a B just for 32 at (most) classes. This isn’t Gen Z’s fault. It’s the result of a(n) 33 about one of the most popular educational theories. More than a generation ago, the psychologist Carol Dweck published groundbreaking experiments that changed how many parents and teachers talk to kids. Praising kids for their abilities 34 their resilience (韧劲), making them more likely to give up when they encountered setbacks. To persist and learn in the face of challenges, kids needed to believe that abilities and skills are 35 , and the best way to nurture this growth mindset was to shift from praising intelligence to effort. This idea quickly made its way into viral articles, best-selling books and popular TED talks. Psychologists have long found that rewarding effort cultivates a strong work ethic and reinforces learning. That’s especially 36 for students who weren’t born into comfort or don’t have a record of achievement. 37 , the problem is that we’ve taken the practice of celebrating hard work. We are treating it as an end in itself. We’ve taught a generation of kids that their worth is defined 38 by their work ethic. That does great harm to the students. One study found that if there wasn’t a time limit, the higher people scored on their own 39 , the more likely they were to stick to a task they will never accomplish. This is what worries me most about valuing perseverance above all else: It can motivate people to stick with a bad 40 instead of developing better ones. With students, a textbook example is pulling all-nighters rather than spacing out their studying over a few days. Teachers and parents owe kids a more 41 message. There’s a reason we award Olympic medals to the athletes who swim the fastest, not the ones who train the hardest. Motivation is only one of multiple variables (变量) in the achievement equation (等式). Ability, opportunity and luck 42 , too. The ideal 43 to a disappointing grade is not to complain that your diligence wasn’t rewarded. It’s to ask how you could make your investment 44 better. Trying harder isn’t always the answer. Sometimes it’s working smarter, and other times it’s working on something else altogether. Every teacher should support students to succeed. In my classes, I make it clear that my goal is to give as many A’s as possible. But they’re earned through mastering all. The true 45 of learning is not the time and energy you put in. It’s the knowledge and skills you take out. 31．A．industriousness B．engagement C．morality D．excellence 32．A．doing well B．showing up C．nodding off D．burning out 33．A．misunderstanding B．stretching C．extinction D．emergence 34．A．creates B．restores C．stocks D．hurts 35．A．intangible B．attainable C．preservable D．valuable 36．A．fearful B．sentimental C．dreary D．important 37．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．However D．Besides 38．A．barely B．initially C．primarily D．proportionately 39．A．grit B．education C．adaptability D．intellect 40．A．tendency B．strategy C．motive D．criterion 41．A．balanced B．universal C．motivational D．random 42．A．vary B．arise C．count D．interfere 43．A．switch B．response C．obstacle D．access 44．A．run out B．drop in C．catch on D．pay off 45．A．measurement B．significance C．theory D．reward 【答案】31．D 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．B 36．D 37．C 38．C 39．A 40．B 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者结合自己最近在教学中听到学生对成绩抱怨的经历，探讨了教育不应仅以努力程度作为评分标准，卓越的成果才是获得高分的正当理由，指出过度强调努力反而会让学生陷入低效策略，平衡看待能力、方法和机会才是关键。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：高分代表优秀，而不是坚韧。A. industriousness勤勉；B. engagement参与；C. morality道德；D. excellence优秀。根据下文“an A required great work”可知，得A需要出色的工作，因此高分代表的是优秀。故选D。 32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在调查中，三分之二的大学生表示，“努力”应该是他们成绩的一个因素，三分之一的人认为，他们应该至少得到一个B，因为他们在（大多数）课程中都出现了。A. doing well表现好；B. showing up出现；C. nodding off打瞌睡；D. burning out精疲力竭。根据上文“Yet today, many students expect to be rewarded for the quantity of their effort rather than the quality of their knowledge.”可知，许多学生期望根据他们努力的数量而不是知识的质量得到奖励，因此其想法会是因为在课程中出现而至少得到一个B。故选B。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是对最流行的教育理论之一的误解的结果。A. misunderstanding误解；B. stretching延伸；C. extinction灭绝；D. emergence出现。根据下文“____7____, the problem is that we’ve taken the practice of celebrating hard work. We are treating it as an end in itself.”可知，我们已经养成了庆祝辛勤工作的习惯，把它本身看作是目的，这是对教育理论的误解。故选A。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：赞扬孩子的能力会伤害他们的韧性，使他们更有可能在遇到挫折时放弃。A. creates创造；B. restores恢复；C. stocks储存；D. hurts伤害。根据下文“making them more likely to give up when they encountered setbacks”可知，这会让孩子更有可能在遇到挫折时放弃，因此是指伤害他们的韧性。故选D。 35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了在挑战面前坚持和学习，孩子们需要相信能力和技能是可以获得的，而培养这种成长心态的最好方法是从赞扬智力转变为赞扬努力。A. intangible无形的；B. attainable可获得的；C. preservable可保存的；D. valuable有价值的。根据下文“this growth mindset”可知，成长心态对应的是相信能力和技能是可以获得的。故选B。 36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对那些并非出生在舒适环境或没有成就记录的学生尤其重要。A. fearful害怕的；B. sentimental感伤的；C. dreary沉闷的；D. important重要的。根据下文“for students who weren’t born into comfort or don’t have a record of achievement”可知，对那些并非出生在舒适环境或没有成就记录的学生而言，奖励努力从而培养强烈的职业道德，并加强学习是很重要的。故选D。 37．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，问题是我们已经养成了庆祝辛勤工作的习惯。A. Therefore因此；B. Otherwise否则；C. However然而；D. Besides此外。根据上文“Psychologists have long found that rewarding effort cultivates a strong work ethic and reinforces learning.”和下文“the problem is that we’ve taken the practice of celebrating hard work”可知，前面肯定奖励努力的意义，后面指出我们面临的问题，前后是转折关系，应用However“然而”衔接。故选C。 38．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们教育了一代孩子，他们的价值主要是由他们的职业道德来定义的。A. barely几乎不；B. initially最初地；C. primarily主要地；D. proportionately成比例地。根据上文“We are treating it as an end in itself.”可知，我们把庆祝辛勤工作本身看作是目的，这会导致让孩子们认为他们的价值主要是由职业道德来定义的。故选C。 39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项研究发现，如果没有时间限制，人们在自己的毅力上得分越高，他们就越有可能坚持完成一项他们永远无法完成的任务。A. grit毅力；B. education教育；C. adaptability适应性；D. intellect智力。根据下文“This is what worries me most about valuing perseverance above all else”可知，作者很担心把毅力看得比什么都重要这件事，因此是指在自己的毅力上得分越高。故选A。 40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：把毅力看得比什么都重要，这是我最担心的：它会促使人们坚持一个糟糕的策略，而不是发展出更好的策略。A. tendency趋势；B. strategy策略；C. motive动机；D. criterion标准。根据下文“With students, a textbook example is pulling all-nighters rather than spacing out their studying over a few days.”可知，后面举出学生通宵学习而非在几天内分开学习的例子，这是他们对待学习的策略，因此是指会促使人们坚持一个糟糕的策略。故选B。 41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老师和家长应该给孩子一个更平衡的讯息。A. balanced平衡的；B. universal普遍的；C. motivational激励的；D. random随机的。根据下文“There’s a reason we award Olympic medals to the athletes who swim the fastest, not the ones who train the hardest. Motivation is only one of multiple variables (变量) in the achievement equation (等式).”可知，奖牌奖励的是卓越的表现，而非仅仅是刻苦的训练，影响成就的变量很多，动机只是其中一个，因此是指给孩子一个更平衡的关于成就的讯息。故选A。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：能力、机会和运气也很重要。A. vary变化；B. arise出现；C. count重要；D. interfere干扰。根据上文“Motivation is only one of multiple variables (变量) in the achievement equation (等式).”可知，影响成就的变量很多，能力、机会和运气也很重要。故选C。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：面对令人失望的成绩，理想的反应不是抱怨你的勤奋没有得到回报。A. switch切换；B. response反应；C. obstacle障碍；D. access使用权。根据下文“not to complain that your diligence wasn’t rewarded”可知，抱怨勤奋没有得到回报不是面对令人失望的成绩的理想反应。故选B。 44．考查动词短语辨析。句意：而是问你如何才能让你的投入取得更好的效果。A. run out用完；B. drop in顺访；C. catch on流行；D. pay off取得好效果。根据此处是讨论如何取得更好的成就的情境，以及上文“how you could make your investment”可知，学生需要思考的是如何才能让投入更好地奏效，即取得更好的效果。故选D。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：学习的真正衡量标准不是你投入的时间和精力。A. measurement衡量；B. significance意义；C. theory理论；D. reward奖励。根据上文“In my classes, I make it clear that my goal is to give as many A’s as possible. But they’re earned through mastering all.”可知，A是通过掌握所有技能而获得的，因此是指学习的真正衡量标准不是投入的时间和精力。故选A。 Passage 1 （2025高二下·湖南·期末）Here I was, sitting in the roller coaster (过山车) cart of Kingda Ka in New Jersey, the tallest and second fastest roller coaster on Earth. My friends shouted in excitement, while I shakily 1 my hands on my shorts. “How can you be so excited when...” My words caught in my throat and melted into screams as the roller coaster suddenly 2 . It was the fastest 3 I had ever experienced in my life: 128 miles per hour. I screamed at the top of my 4 as fear froze me up from inside. We rapidly moved up the skinny hump (驼峰) rising into the clouds at a ninety degree angle, having crossed the track bringing us forward in mere 5 . 6 , close to the highest part of the hump, I 7 a little. My screams became less terrified and more energetic. Once we reached the 8 of the hump. I could almost touch the sky. And then we were spiraling (盘旋) downwards, curving and twisting and 9 towards Earth at the same speed. Before I 10 it, we had already met the ground. It was a thirty-second-long ride. I managed to 11 the entire ride without a breakdown. I gasped (喘气) in 12 . It was over. I had not only survived the ride — I had 13 it. My friend turned to me, her eyes 14 . “Are you ready for the next roller coaster?” My head felt light as we walked away from the ride spinning with something I didn’t 15 recognize. It took me a few minutes to put a name to it — thrill. “I’m ready for anything.” 1．A．wiped B．waved C．joined D．crossed 2．A．removed B．rocketed C．struggled D．marched 3．A．launch B．operation C．ride D．experience 4．A．cheeks B．throat C．heart D．lungs 5．A．minutes B．hours C．seconds D．moments 6．A．Instead B．Meanwhile C．Therefore D．However 7．A．broke down B．calmed down C．passed out D．dressed up 8．A．top B．start C．track D．location 9．A．swinging B．escaping C．shooting D．pointing 10．A．achieved B．predicted C．admitted D．realized 11．A．take off B．carry on C．figure out D．get through 12．A．despair B．amazement C．silence D．depth 13．A．enjoyed B．deserved C．hated D．confirmed 14．A．bright B．wet C．closed D．wide 15．A．gradually B．absolutely C．immediately D．eventually 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者乘坐过山车从恐惧到享受的过程及内心变化。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们兴奋地大喊大叫，而我则紧张不安地在短裤上擦着手。A. wiped擦，消除；B. waved挥动；C. joined加入；D. crossed交叉。根据上文“the tallest and second fastest roller coaster on Earth. My friends shouted in excitement”可推知，此处指坐在过山车上，作者紧张地在短裤上擦着手。故选A。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当过山车突然急速上升时，我的话卡在喉咙里，变成了尖叫。A. removed移除；B. rocketed急速上升；C. struggled挣扎；D. marched行军。根据后文“It was the fastest __3__ I had ever experienced in my life: 128 miles per hour.”可知，过山车时速很快，突然急速上升。故选B。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我人生中经历过的最快的过山车之旅：每小时128英里。A. launch发射；B. operation操作；C. ride乘坐（游乐设施），旅行；D. experience经历。根据后文“I had ever experienced in my life: 128 miles per hour”可知，此处指乘坐过山车的经历，ride符合语境。故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我声嘶力竭地喊叫，恐惧让我从内到外僵住了。A. cheeks脸颊；B. throat喉咙；C. heart心脏；D. lungs肺。根据前文“I screamed at the top of”和后文“as fear froze me up from inside”可知，此处表示作者因为害怕所以声嘶力竭地喊叫，at the top of one’s lungs“用尽量大的声音，声嘶力竭地喊叫”是固定短语。故选D。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们以90度的角度迅速爬上那座高耸入云的驼峰，仅仅在几秒钟内就穿过了轨道，继续前行。A. minutes分钟；B. hours小时；C. seconds秒；D. moments时刻。根据后文“It was a thirty-second-long ride.”可知，过山车爬升速度很快，在几秒钟内就穿过了轨道。故选C。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在接近驼峰的最高点时，我平静了下来。 A. Instead相反；B. Meanwhile同时；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。根据后文“My screams became less terrified and more energetic.”并结合前文作者害怕尖叫的语境可知，此处为转折关系，应用however。故选D。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，在接近驼峰的最高点时，我平静了下来。 A. broke down出故障；B. calmed down平静下来；C. passed out昏倒；D. dressed up打扮。根据后文“My screams became less terrified and more energetic.”可知，作者平静了下来。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们到达驼峰的顶端时，我几乎可以触摸到天空。 A. top顶端；B. start开始；C. track轨道；D. location位置。根据后文“I could almost touch the sky”可知，“触摸到天空”暗示作者到达了驼峰的顶端。故选A。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们盘旋着向下，弯曲、扭曲，以同样的速度冲向地面。 A. swinging摇摆；B. escaping逃跑；C. shooting冲，射，飞驰；D. pointing指向。根据后文“towards Earth at the same speed”可知，用“shooting towards Earth”形象表现过山车急速冲向地面。故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我意识到之前，我们已经到达地面了。 A. achieved实现；B. predicted预测；C. admitted承认；D. realized意识到。根据后文“It was a thirty-second-long ride.”可知，过程很快，在作者意识到之前，已经到达地面了。故选D。 11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我成功地度过了整个旅程，没有崩溃。 A. take off起飞；B. carry on继续；C. figure out弄清楚；D. get through度过。根据后文“the entire ride without a breakdown”可知，作者完成了整个过山车旅行。故选D。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我惊讶地喘着气。 A. despair绝望；B. amazement惊讶；C. silence沉默；D. depth深度。根据后文“It was over. I had not only survived the ride”可知，作者很惊讶自己竟然挺过来了。故选B。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不仅挺过来了，还很享受。 A. enjoyed享受；B. deserved值得；C. hated讨厌；D. confirmed确认。根据后文“My friend turned to me, her eyes __14__. “Are you ready for the next roller coaster?””和“thrill”可推知，作者不仅挺过来了，还很享受这个过程。故选A。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友转向我，眼睛闪闪发光。 A. bright明亮的；B. wet湿的；C. closed关闭的；D. wide宽的。根据后文“Are you ready for the next roller coaster?”朋友问作者是否准备好再坐一次过山车，可推知朋友很兴奋，眼睛闪闪发光。故选A。 15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们离开旋转的游乐设施时，我的头感到很轻，有些我无法立刻认出的感觉。 A. gradually逐渐地；B. absolutely绝对地；C. immediately立刻；D. eventually最终。根据后文“It took me a few minutes to put a name to it — thrill.”可知，这里指作者一开始没立刻认出那种感觉是“刺激”。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·广东大湾区·期末）Every year, Bannister climbs a hill near her home with friends. But last August, Bannister, then 79, went alone, feeling confident because she’s a(n) ____1____ hiker. “It’s steep (陡峭) , but because I’ve done it so many times, I wasn’t ____2____ about it,” says Bannister. However, as she ____3____ back down, her foot got caught in a hole in the ground. She fell forward and broke her leg, with her ____4____ pointing the wrong way. She cried out ____5____ for help, and before long, several strangers approached and ____6____ the rescue team, who could only arrive five hours later. It hurt so much that Bannister asked if anyone had ____7____, but none. Then, a young man, Layton came over and offered to carry her to the____8____ of the hill. During the long hike down, a couple also lent a hand. One ____9____ a splint (夹板) to Bannister’s foot. The other chatted to _____10_____ her from the pain. It worked! When they reached the parking lot, Layton _____11_____ her to the hospital. Doctors were _____12_____ by their first aid, saying the damage would have been worse had she waited longer to get _____13_____ attention. During Bannister’s _____14_____, those who had helped visited her several times. “I can’t _____15_____ their favor enough. We’ll stay friends forever,” she said. 1. A. adventurous B. experienced C. casual D. delighted 2. A. nervous B. annoyed C. confident D. excited 3. A. slid B. skipped C. marched D. headed 4. A. elbow B. finger C. foot D. shoulder 5. A. suddenly B. temporarily C. desperately D. angrily 6. A. called B. signaled C. guided D. followed 7. A. biscuits B. painkillers C. backpacks D. sticks 8. A. side B. top C. middle D. foot 9. A. applied B. hung C. lifted D. attached 10. A. protect B. save C. prevent D. distract 11. A. carried B. rushed C. dragged D. walked 12. A. puzzled B. impressed C. disappointed D. encouraged 13. A. public B. individual C. medical D. constant 14. A. recovery B. survival C. hike D. struggle 15. A. gain B. believe C. admire D. appreciate 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. D 11. B 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了79岁且经验丰富的徒步爱好者班尼斯特独自爬山，下山时意外摔断腿，在陌生人的帮助下获救并得到妥善治疗，她对这些帮助她的人十分感激的故事。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但去年8月，当时79岁的班尼斯特独自去了，她感觉很自信，因为她是一位经验丰富的徒步旅行者。A. adventurous爱冒险的；B. experienced经验丰富的；C. casual随意的；D. delighted高兴的。根据上文“feeling confident”以及下文“It’s steep (陡峭) , but because I’ve done it so many times”可知，她多次走过这条路，所以是经验丰富的徒步旅行者，故选B项。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“路很陡峭，但因为我走过很多次了，所以我并不为此感到紧张，”班尼斯特说。A. nervous紧张的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. confident自信的；D. excited兴奋的。根据下文“because I’ve done it so many times”可知，她多次走过这条路，所以不紧张，故选A项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当她往回走下山时，她的脚被地上的一个洞绊住了。A. slid滑动；B. skipped跳跃；C. marched行进；D. headed朝（某个方向）行进。根据下文“back down”可知，这里指她朝山下走，head符合语境，head back down“往回走下山”，故选D项。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她向前摔倒，摔断了腿，脚的位置发生了异常扭曲。A. elbow肘部；B. finger手指；C. foot脚；D. shoulder肩膀。根据下文“her foot got caught in a hole in the ground”可知，是脚的位置发生了异常扭曲，故选C项。 【5题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她绝望地呼救，不久后，几个陌生人走近并打电话给救援队，而救援队要五个小时后才能到达。A. suddenly突然；B. temporarily暂时；C. desperately绝望地；D. angrily生气地。根据上文“She fell forward and broke her leg”可知，她摔断了腿，此时应该是绝望地呼救，故选C项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她绝望地呼救，不久后，几个陌生人走近并打电话给救援队，而救援队要五个小时后才能到达。A. called打电话；B. signaled发信号；C. guided引导；D. followed跟随。根据下文“the rescue team, who could only arrive five hours later.”可知，陌生人打电话给救援队，故选A项。 【7题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：太疼了，班尼斯特问是否有人有止痛药，但没有人有。A. biscuits饼干；B. painkillers止痛药；C. backpacks背包；D. sticks棍子。根据上文“It hurt so much”可知，她疼得厉害，所以问有没有止痛药，故选B项。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，一个年轻人莱顿走过来，提出要把她背到山脚。A. side边；B. top顶部；C. middle中间；D. foot底部。结合下文“During the long hike down”可知，是要把她背到山脚，the foot of the hill“山脚”，故选D项。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个人给班尼斯特的脚绑上了夹板。A. applied应用；B. hung悬挂；C. lifted举起；D. attached系上，绑上。根据下文“a splint(夹板)to Bannister’s foot”可知，这里指把夹板绑到脚上。attach...to...“把……系到……上”，故选D项。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一个人跟她聊天，分散她的注意力，减轻她的痛苦。A. protect保护；B. save拯救；C. prevent阻止；D. distract分散（注意力）。根据上文“The other chatted”以及下文“from the pain”可知，是通过聊天分散她的注意力，减轻痛苦，distract sb. from sth.“分散某人对某事的注意力”，故选D项。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们到达停车场时，莱顿急忙把她送到医院。A. carried携带；B. rushed急忙送（某人去……）；C. dragged拖；D. walked走。根据上文“She fell forward and broke her leg”可知，莱顿急忙送她去医院，rush sb. to...“急忙送某人去……”，故选B项。 【12题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生对他们的急救印象深刻，说如果她等待更长时间才得到医疗护理，损伤会更严重。A. puzzled困惑的；B. impressed印象深刻的；C. disappointed失望的；D. encouraged受到鼓舞的。根据下文“the damage would have been worse had she waited longer to get ____ attention”可知，医生认为如果没有及时急救后果严重，所以对他们的急救印象深刻，故选B项。 【13题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生对他们的急救印象深刻，说如果她等待更长时间才得到医疗护理，损伤会更严重。A. public公共的；B. individual个人的；C. medical医疗的；D. constant持续的。根据上文“One ____ a splint (夹板) to Bannister’s foot. ”可知，陌生人对她进行了医疗护理，medical attention“医疗护理”，故选C项。 【14题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在班尼斯特康复期间，那些帮助过她的人去看望了她好几次。A. recovery康复；B. survival幸存；C. hike徒步旅行；D. struggle挣扎。根据上文“She fell forward and broke her leg”以及“her to the hospital”可知，她受伤去医院，所以这里是在康复期间，故选A项。 【15题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我对他们的帮助感激不尽。我们会永远做朋友，”她说。A. gain获得；B. believe相信；C. admire钦佩；D. appreciate感激。根据上文“Then, a young man, Layton came over and offered to carry her to the ____ of the hill.”和“One ____ a splint (夹板) to Bannister’s foot.”可知，那些人帮助了她，所以她感激不尽，故选D项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·天津南开·期末）Maybe you’ve read a lot about moving dogs. Here is another inspiring story of a guide dog who was put to the ultimate test and passed successfully. One day, a woman named Audrey in the United States, who is 1 , and her guide dog, Figo, were going across the street when suddenly she was 2 by a bus, suffering extreme pain. Her elbow, ankle and ribs were hurt terribly, yet her main 3 was Figo because in those frightening and confusing minutes, he 4 to her side and had his leg badly hurt. When the police arrived, 5 on the spot reported that the couple had started to 6 the street as a minibus was turning the corner. The distracted bus driver hadn’t seen the woman and her 7 companion until the last second. Figo 8 instantly, jumping between Audrey and the bus. It was the dog’s body that 9 Audrey from the impact of the crash’s brunt (冲击力). Otherwise, Audrey’s injuries could have been deadly. The dog’s bravery and quick reaction are really 10 . While 911 was called, others rushed to aid the injured pair. Figo 11 to stay with his owner, refusing to leave her until he knew she was cared for 12 . As they lifted Audrey into the 13 , Figo still hobbled (跛行) at her side. Audrey didn’t want Figo to do that 14 his injuries, too, required immediate medical care. However, he wouldn’t allow veterinarians (兽医) to 15 him for treatment until he made sure of Audrey’s 16 . Figo spent the next three months 17 in the care of the vets. He was a delight, making many new 18 around the vet’s office. Usually, when a guide dog suffers injuries, there is a(n) 19 that he will be forced into retirement. However, Audrey decides to have herself 20 by Figo all the time. 1．A．kind B．generous C．deaf D．blind 2．A．knocked down B．hung over C．passed by D．picked up 3．A．purpose B．challenge C．concern D．request 4．A．tended B．rushed C．climbed D．waved 5．A．officials B．relatives C．witnesses D．doctors 6．A．clear B．watch C．leave D．cross 7．A．faithful B．careful C．powerful D．temporary 8．A．succeeded B．responded C．escaped D．cried 9．A．discouraged B．banned C．protected D．hid 10．A．frightening B．touching C．satisfying D．confusing 11．A．struggled B．seemed C．hoped D．happened 12．A．randomly B．commonly C．possibly D．properly 13．A．ambulance B．wheelchair C．house D．bus 14．A．until B．because C．if D．although 15．A．transport B．praise C．ask D．thank 16．A．luck B．safety C．injury D．attention 17．A．cheating B．adjusting C．playing D．recovering 18．A．experiments B．friends C．arrangements D．choices 19．A．assumption B．agenda C．reason D．possibility 20．A．treated B．accompanied C．pleased D．refused 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．A 16．B 17．D 18．B 19．D 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了导盲犬Figo在主人Audrey遇车祸时挺身而出保护她，并始终陪伴的感人故事。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：美国有一位名叫Audrey的失明女性，一天，她和她的导盲犬Figo正在过马路，突然她被一辆公共汽车撞倒，承受着剧烈的疼痛。A. kind善良的；B. generous慷慨的；C. deaf聋的；D. blind失明的。根据上文“her guide dog, Figo”可知，Audrey是失明的，需要导盲犬。故选D项。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：美国有一位名叫Audrey的失明女性，一天，她和她的导盲犬Figo正在过马路，突然她被一辆公共汽车撞倒，承受着剧烈的疼痛。A. knocked down撞倒；B. hung over笼罩；C. passed by经过；D. picked up捡起。根据下文“suffering extreme pain. Her elbow, ankle and ribs were hurt terribly”可知，她被公交车撞倒了。故选A项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的肘部、脚踝和肋骨都受了重伤，但她最关心的是Figo，因为在令人恐惧和混乱的那几分钟里，Figo冲到她身边，腿受了重伤。A. purpose目的；B. challenge挑战；C. concern关心；D. request要求。根据下文的“because in those frightening and confusing minutes, he ____4____ to her side and had his leg badly hurt”可知，Figo的腿受了重伤，由此可知，Audrey虽然受伤严重，但最关心的是Figo。故选C项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的肘部、脚踝和肋骨都受了重伤，但她最关心的是Figo，因为在令人恐惧和混乱的那几分钟里，Figo冲到她身边，腿受了重伤。A. tended照顾；B. rushed冲；C. climbed爬；D. waved挥手。根据语境和上文的“in those frightening and confusing minutes”以及下文的“and had his leg badly hurt.”可知，导盲犬Figo在突发状况下，应是迅速冲到主人身边，导致腿部受伤。故选B项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当警察到达时，现场的目击者称，她俩开始过马路时，一辆小型公共汽车正在转弯。A. officials官员；B. relatives亲戚；C. witnesses目击者；D. doctors医生。根据下文的“that the couple had started to ______6______ the street as a minibus was turning the corner.”可知，能对当时情况进行描述的是现场目击者。故选C项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当警察到达时，现场的目击者称，她俩开始过马路时，一辆小型公共汽车正在转弯。A. clear清除；B. watch观看；C. leave离开；D. cross穿过。根据上文“were going across the street”可知，此处指开始过马路。故选D项。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：心烦意乱的公交车司机直到最后一秒才看到这个女人和她忠实的同伴。A. faithful忠实的；B. careful仔细的；C. powerful强大的；D. temporary暂时的。根据上文的“in those frightening and confusing minutes, he _____4_____ to her side and had his leg badly hurt.”可知，在出现危险的时候，导盲犬冲到主人身边，由此可知，导盲犬对主人是忠实的。故选A项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Figo立即做出反应，跳到Audrey和公交车之间。A. succeeded成功；B. responded反应；C. escaped逃跑；D. cried哭。根据下文的“jumping between Audrey and the bus”可知，Figo跳到Audrey和公交车之间，由此可知，这是Figo在突发情况下的反应。故选B项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是狗的身体保护了Audrey免受碰撞的主要冲击力。A. discouraged使气馁；B. banned禁止；C. protected保护；D. hid隐藏。根据上文的“Figo _____8_____ instantly, jumping between Audrey and the bus.”以及下文的“from the impact of the crash’s brunt (冲击力).”可知，Figo保护了主人，protect...from...意为“保护……免受……”。故选C项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只狗的勇敢和快速反应真的很感人。A. frightening令人害怕的；B. touching感人的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据上文“It was the dog’s body that _____9_____ Audrey from the impact of the crash’s brunt (冲击力). Otherwise, Audrey’s injuries could have been deadly.”可知，在出现危险的情况下，Figo跳到Audrey和公交车之间，由此可知，Figo的行为是感人的。故选B项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意： Figo努力留在主人身边，拒绝离开她，直到他知道她得到了妥善的照顾。A. struggled努力；B. seemed似乎；C. hoped希望；D. happened发生、碰巧。根据语境和下文的“refusing to leave her until he knew she was cared for ___12___.”可知，Figo自己受了伤，但拒绝离开主任，所以是努力留在主人身边。故选A项。 12．考查副词词义辨析。句意： Figo努力留在主人身边，拒绝离开她，直到他知道她得到了妥善的照顾。A. randomly随机地；B. commonly通常地；C. possibly可能地；D. properly恰当地，妥善地。根据上文的“Figo ___11___ to stay with his owner, refusing to leave her until he knew she was cared for”以及下文的“As they lifted Audrey into the______13_____ , Figo still hobbled (跛行) at her side.”可知，Figo不离开是想确认主人得到妥善照顾，properly符合语境。故选D项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们把Audrey抬上救护车时，Figo仍然跛行在她身边。A. ambulance救护车；B. wheelchair轮椅；C. house房子；D. bus公交车。根据上文“While 911 was called, others rushed to aid the injured pair.”可知，Audrey会被送上救护车。故选A项。 14．考查连词词义辨析。句意：Audrey不希望Figo这样做，因为他的伤也需要立即治疗。A. until直到；B. because因为；C. if如果；D. although尽管。根据上文的“Audrey didn’t want Figo to do that”与下文“his injuries, too, required immediate medical care” 的句意可知，此处介绍的是Audrey不希望Figo跟着的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选B项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在确认Audrey的安全之前，他不允许兽医送他去接受治疗。A. transport运送；B. praise表扬；C. ask问；D. thank感谢。根据上文的“his injuries, too, required immediate medical care.”可知，Figo需要接受治疗，所以需要被送到兽医那里。故选A项。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在确认Audrey的安全之前，他不允许兽医送他去接受治疗。A. luck运气；B. safety安全；C. injury伤害；D. attention注意力。根据上文的“Figo ___11___ to stay with his owner, refusing to leave her until he knew she was cared for ___12___ .”可知，Figo担心主人，在主人受伤的情况下不离开，所以要确认她的安全才肯接受治疗。故选B项。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的三个月，Figo在兽医的照顾下进行康复。A. cheating欺骗；B. adjusting调整；C. playing玩；D. recovering康复。根据上文的“Figo still hobbled (跛行) at her side.”以及下文的“in the care of the vets.”可知，Figo受伤了，需要时间康复，recovering符合语境。故选D项。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他很讨人喜欢，在兽医办公室周围交了很多新朋友。A. experiments实验；B. friends朋友；C. arrangements安排；D. choices选择。根据上文的“He was a delight”可知，他交了很多新朋友，make friends“交朋友”符合语境。故选B项。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常，受伤时，导盲犬有可能被迫退休。A. assumption假设；B. agenda议程；C. reason原因；D. possibility可能性。根据常识和上文的“Usually, when a guide dog suffers injuries”以及下文的“that he will be forced into retirement.”可知，通常当盲犬受伤的时候，很有可能被迫退休，由此可知，这是一种可能性。故选D项。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，Audrey决定让Figo一直陪伴着自己。A. treated治疗；B. accompanied陪伴；C. pleased使高兴；D. refused拒绝。根据上文的“Usually, when a guide dog suffers injuries, there is a(n) _______19_______ that he will be forced into retirement.”可知，通常当盲犬受伤的时候，很有可能被迫退休，结合“However”可知，Audrey不想让Figo退休，而是让他继续陪伴自己，符合逻辑。故选B项。 Passage 4 （24-25高二下·浙江金华·期末）After a lot of trial and error, we finally got our summer holiday right. But it used to be either boring or 1 . One year we tried just relaxing, 2 at the community pool, and doing whatever came up. After a week or so, we were pretty bored and started 3 day camps to join. The next year, I 4 the kids around to a bunch of classes to keep them 5 , but I found none of the classes to be 6 and felt we were wasting our time and money while stressing ourselves out with 7 to get to certain places at certain times so much. Then the following year, I actually 8 classes for the kids and all their friends. Doing our own summer school was so fun but so much 9 ! So the next summer, I stopped our summer school. 10 , the kids and I came up with a new 11 — Family Learning Adventures Camp. Together, we 12 a list of things that would be good to do each day and a “bucket list (愿望清单)”  of fun activities we’ d like to do 13 . We ended up with six “MUST-DO ACTIVITIES” the kids agreed to 14 individually each day and a list of exciting group activities. Our camp worked so well that it 15 until the kids got their summer jobs when they were 16. 1．A．painful B．puzzling C．stressful D．embarrassing 2．A．working out B．staying up C．showing off D．hanging out 3．A．seeking B．offering C．skipping D．sharing 4．A．rushed B．showed C．talked D．followed 5．A．motivated B．busy C．distracted D．energetic 6．A．satisfying B．boring C．relaxing D．confusing 7．A．failing B．managing C．deciding D．promising 8．A．found B．conducted C．canceled D．delayed 9．A．learning B．complaint C．adventure D．work 10．A．Therefore B．Besides C．Instead D．Still 11．A．idea B．problem C．explanation D．excuse 12．A．noticed B．revised C．brainstormed D．declared 13．A．regularly B．differently C．together D．overnight 14．A．prepare B．record C．design D．complete 15．A．waited B．continued C．spread D．changed 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．D 10．C 11．A 12．C 13．C 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者家庭通过不断尝试不同的暑假活动安排，最终创建了一个成功的家庭学习冒险营的经历。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但过去它要么无聊，要么有压力。A. painful痛苦的；B. puzzling令人困惑的；C. stressful有压力的；D. embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据后文“felt we were wasting our time and money while stressing ourselves out”可知，作者觉得过去的暑假安排要么无聊，要么有压力。故选C。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一年，我们试着放松，在社区游泳池闲逛，做任何想做的事。A. working out锻炼；B. staying up熬夜；C. showing off炫耀；D. hanging out闲逛。根据后文“at the community pool”可知，此处指悠闲地在泳池边闲逛。故选D。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一周后，我们觉得很无聊，开始寻找可以参加的日间夏令营。A. seeking寻找；B. offering提供；C. skipping跳跃；D. sharing分享。根据前文“we were pretty bored”及后文“day camps to join”可知，因为感到无聊，所以会去寻找夏令营。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二年，我带着孩子们匆匆忙忙地参加了一堆课程，让他们忙个不停。A. rushed急忙；B. showed展示；C. talked谈论；D. followed跟随。根据后文“the kids around to a bunch of classes”可知，作者带着孩子赶时间去上课，“rushed”体现了匆忙的状态。故选A。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二年，我带着孩子们匆匆忙忙地参加了一堆课程，让他们忙个不停。A. motivated有动机的；B. busy忙碌的；C. distracted分心的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据后文“but I found none of the classes to be”以及前文提到作者觉得之前很无聊，作者安排很多课是为了让孩子不无聊，即保持忙碌。故选B。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我发现这些课都不令人满意，觉得我们在浪费时间和金钱，同时还要为按时赶到某些地方而倍感压力。A. satisfying令人满意的；B. boring无聊的；C. relaxing令人放松的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据后文“felt we were wasting our time and money”可知，作者觉得这些课程都不令人满意。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我发现这些课都不令人满意，觉得我们在浪费时间和金钱，同时还要为按时赶到某些地方而倍感压力。A. failing失败；B. managing设法做成；C. deciding决定；D. promising承诺。根据后文“to get to certain places at certain times so much”可知，此处表示设法在特定时间到达特定地点。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后第二年，我实际上为孩子们和他们所有的朋友组织了课程。A. found发现；B. conducted组织，实施；C. canceled取消；D. delayed延迟。根据后文“Doing our own summer school”可知，作者自己组织了课程。故选B。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：开办我们自己的暑期学校很有趣，但工作量很大！A. learning学习；B. complaint抱怨；C. adventure冒险；D. work工作。根据前文“Doing our own summer school was so fun but so much”可知，but表示转折，说明虽然有趣，但是工作量很大。故选D。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，孩子们和我想出了一个新主意——家庭学习冒险营。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. Instead相反；D. Still仍然。根据后文“the kids and I came up with a new”可知，作者没有继续之前的暑期学校，相反，想出了新主意。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，孩子们和我想出了一个新主意——家庭学习冒险营。A. idea主意；B. problem问题；C. explanation解释；D. excuse借口。根据后文“Family Learning Adventures Camp”可知，这是一个新主意。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一起集思广益，列出了每天适合做的事情，以及我们想一起做的有趣活动的“愿望清单”。A. noticed注意到；B. revised修正；C. brainstormed集思广益；D. declared宣布。根据后文“a list of things that would be good to do each day”可知，列出每天做的事是共同集思广益的结果。故选C。 13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们一起集思广益，列出了每天适合做的事情，以及我们想一起做的有趣活动的“愿望清单”。A. regularly定期地；B. differently不同地；C. together一起；D. overnight一夜之间。根据后文“a list of exciting group activities”可知，愿望清单上是一起做的活动。故选C。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我们列出了孩子们同意每天单独完成的六项“必须完成的活动”，以及一系列令人兴奋的团体活动。A. prepare准备；B. record记录；C. design设计；D. complete完成。根据前文“six “MUST-DO ACTIVITIES””，这些活动是需要完成的。故选D。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的夏令营非常成功，一直持续到孩子们16岁找到暑期工作。A. waited等待；B. continued继续；C. spread传播；D. changed改变。根据后文“until the kids got their summer jobs when they were 16”可知，夏令营一直持续到孩子们16岁找到暑期工作。故选B。 Passage 5 （24-25高二下·安徽蚌埠·期末）In 2020,13-year-old Adeola Olagbegi caught a rare illness, and had a successful operation. 1 , Adeola is now out of hospital. While he was 2 , he found out that he was qualified for a(n) 3 to ask for a dream wish from Make-A-Wish Foundation. While many teens would choose a Disney trip or meet a favourite figure, Adeola 4 chose to feed the homeless. The Make-A-Wish Foundation is famous for brightening the lives of children 5 illnesses by realizing their wishes, a wish always includes having something or going somewhere. However, Adeola’s wish to give came as a 6 to the organization, as Adeola’s 7 wish was the first of its kind in the organization’s 35-year history. “When he so easily offers to help others, you just have to say, that’s a(n) 8 young man,” said Linda, an official of the organization. She was 9 with the teen’s kindness and sense of 10 . Adeola thinks his past experiences 11 with his family in their community are what 12 him to make the giving wish. When deciding what to do with the 13 chance, the one thing that was the most important to him was that his wish had a long-lasting 14 . “My mum always says it’s lucky to be someone 15 , so I just wanted to do something for other people to make it last longer,” Adeola explained. 1．A．Naturally B．Hopefully C．Thankfully D．Frankly 2．A．recovering B．practising C．preparing D．fighting 3．A．interview B．opportunity C．goal D．promise 4．A．anyway B．therefore C．moreover D．instead 5．A．suffering from B．taking on C．looking through D．getting off 6．A．worry B．success C．surprise D．disappointment 7．A．formal B．generous C．exciting D．curious 8．A．kind B．terrible C．capable D．confident 9．A．confused B．affected C．strict D．impressed 10．A．honour B．humour C．responsibility D．relief 11．A．designing B．exploring C．volunteering D．exercising 12．A．permits B．forces C．expects D．inspires 13．A．normal B．unexpected C．strange D．different 14．A．memory B．friendship C．appreciation D．impact 15．A．helpful B．careful C．powerful D．regretful 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是13岁的Adcola Olagbegi向许愿基金会申请愿望的时候选择了帮助无家可归的人，这让这个组织很惊讶，文中也讲到了Adcola选择这个愿望的原因。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，Adcola现在已经出院。A. Naturally自然地；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Thankfully值得庆幸的是；D. Frankly坦白地。由后文的“Adcola is now out of hospital”可知，Adcola现在已经出院，这是值得庆幸的。故选C。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在康复期间，他发现自己有资格从许愿基金会获得一个梦想愿望的机会。A. recovering康复；B. practicing练习；C. preparing准备；D. fighting战斗。由上文的“had a successful operation”和“Adcola is now out of hospital”可知，他出院后在康复期间，他发现自己有资格向许愿基金会（Make-A-Wish Foundation）许愿。故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在康复期间，他发现自己有资格从许愿基金会获得一个梦想愿望的机会。A. interview面试；B. opportunity机会；C. goal目标；D. promise承诺。由后文的“to ask for a dream wish from Make-A-Wish Foundation”可知，他发现自己有机会向许愿基金会许愿。故选B。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：许多青少年会选择去迪士尼行或者见最喜欢的人物，而Adcola却选择了给无家可归的人提供食物。A. anyway无论如何；B. therefore因此；C. moreover此外；D. instead相反。由上文的“many teens would choose a Disney trip or meet a favourite figure”和后文的“chose to feed the homeless”可知，此处将 Adcola与许多青少年进行对比，所以“相反”符合句意。故选D。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：许愿基金会以通过实现他们的愿望来点亮患有疾病的儿童的生活而闻名，一个愿望总是包括拥有一些东西或去一些地方。A. suffering from患有；B. taking on呈现；C. looking through浏览；D. getting off下车。由后文的“illnesses”可知，此处表示“生病的孩子”。故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Adcola的愿望让该组织感到意外，因为Adcola的慷慨愿望是该组织35年历史上的第一次。A. worry担心；B. success成功；C. surprise意外之事；D. disappointment失望。由后文的“as Adeola's___7___ wish was the first of its kind in the organization's 35-year history”可知，Adcola的愿望让该组织感到意外。故选C。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，Adcola的愿望让该组织感到意外，因为Adcola的慷慨愿望是该组织35年历史上的第一次。A. formal正式的；B. generous慷慨的；C. exciting令人激动的；D. curious好奇的。由第一段的“ Adcola__4__ chose to feed the homeless”可知，他的愿望很慷慨。故选B。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当他如此轻易地提出帮助别人时，你只需要说，这是一个善良的年轻人，”该组织的官员琳达说。A. kind善良的；B. terrible糟糕的；C. capable有能力的；D. confident自信的。由上文的“he so easily offers to help others”可知，他如此轻易地提出帮助别人，他是一个善良的年轻人。故选A。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个青少年的善良和责任感给她留下了深刻的印象。A. confused困惑的；B. affected被（外界因素）影响的；C. strict严格的；D. impressed印象深刻的。由后文的“with the teen’s kindness and sense of __10”可知，这个青少年的善良和责任感给Linda留下了深刻的印象。故选D。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个青少年的善良和责任感给她留下了深刻的印象。A. honour荣幸；B. humour幽默；C. responsibility责任；D. relief宽慰。由第4空后的“chose to feed the homeless”可知，这个青少年有责任感。故选C。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Adcola认为他过去和家人一起在社区做志愿者的经历是激励他实现捐赠愿望的原因。A. designing设计；B. exploring探索；C. volunteering自愿做；D. exercising练习。由后文的“with his family in their community”可知，他和家人在社区做志愿者。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Adcola认为他过去和家人一起在社区做志愿者的经历是激励他实现捐赠愿望的原因。A. permits允许；B. forces强迫；C. expects期待；D. inspires激励。由上文的“his past experiences _11_ with his family in their community”和后文的“to make the giving wish”可知，Adcola认为他过去和家人一起在社区做志愿者的经历是激励他实现捐赠愿望的原因。故选D。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当决定如何处理这个意外的机会时，对他来说最重要的一件事是，他的愿望具有持久的影响。A. normal正常的；B. unexpected出乎意料的；C. strange奇怪的；D. different不同的。根据第一段的“While he was ___2___, he found out that he was qualified for a(n) ___3___ to ask for a dream wish from Make-A-Wish Foundation.”可知，他可以要求一个愿望是一个出乎意料的机会。故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当决定如何处理这个意外的机会时，对他来说最重要的一件事是，他的愿望具有持久的影响。A. memory记忆；B. friendship友谊；C. appreciation感激；D. impact影响。由后文的“do something for other people”可知，为他人做点事情，这是对他人有影响的。故选D。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我妈妈总是说，能成为一个乐于助人的人是一件很幸运的事，所以我只是想为别人做些事情，让这种感觉持续得更久。”Adcola解释说。A. helpful有帮助的；B. careful仔细的；C. powerful强大的；D. regretful后悔的。由后文的“do something for other people”可知，他为他人做点事情，也就是他是对他人有帮助的。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 完形填空（期末复习专项训练） Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·上海市黄浦区格致中学·期末）Taylor works full-time in the cleaning department while co-parenting his 10-year-old son. Ada, a cancer survivor, was enduring the miserable treatment. Mohammad was kicked out of prep school, then 1 for 100 days from high school for selling chocolate to his classmates. Emanuel was 2 a three-year sentence for armed robbery. These are not the profiles of students who get admitted to a classic university-run honors college. 3 , they are enrolled at the Honors Living-Learning Community of Rutgers University-Newark, an institution where they and others with similarly 4 life stories are pushing the boundaries of what defines an honors college by emphasizing courage in overcoming life’s difficulties, rather than 5 . Across the United States, the continuous drive for reputation has generated the 6 in the number of honors colleges. Nearly 900 schools, almost all being public universities and community colleges belong to the National Collegiate Honors Council. Among them, it is usually a brilliant idea for an institution to 7 applicants whose top-of-the-class high-school records and SAT scores would assure a renowned private university. The bait (诱饵) is the honors college, which promises the intimate feel of a small college within a(n) 8 state school. The students in these honors colleges, mostly white and middle-class, receive concierge treatment (礼宾待遇) with considerable scholarships, separate housing, special seminars, faculty mentors, research opportunities and first crack at courses in high demand. However, things are 9 at the Honors Living-Learning Community, which mainly enrolls black and Latino students–nearly twice as many as the total of black and Latino undergraduates in the rest of Rutgers-Newark’s programs. Their high-school grades and SAT scores are lower than the campus average. While academic skill 10 in determining who gets selected, the emphasis is on these students’ perseverance, their drive to learn and their passion for social justice. Every 11 of the honors program comes straight from the book on how to engage undergraduates 12 , and minority students in particular. The students receive scholarships that cover their living expenses well as tuition. Without this 13 , most couldn’t enroll full-time, and evidence shows that part-time students are far less likely to graduate. A 14 number of community college graduates are admitted, which gives 18-year-olds, fresh out of high school, an opportunity to learn from peers with more life 15 . 1．A．graduated B．abandoned C．prohibited D．suspended 2．A．reading B．serving C．passing D．escaping 3．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．Instead D．Similarly 4．A．faulty B．smooth C．meaningful D．interesting 5．A．social experience B．family backgrounds C．academic performance D．human relationships 6．A．pursuit B．explosion C．exploit D．progress 7．A．tempt B．enroll C．introduce D．cultivate 8．A．remote B．public C．packed D．outstanding 9．A．difficult B．different C．discouraging D．disturbing 10．A．differs B．ranges C．matters D．varies 11．A．student B．major C．component D．college 12．A．especially B．intensively C．generally D．particularly 13．A．passion B．aim C．aid D．initiative 14．A．stable B．certain C．random D．growing 15．A．expectancy B．tragedy C．experience D．passion Passage 2 （24-25高二下·海市海华东师范大学附属进华中学·期末） Frankenstein On a stormy night in 1815, a young, 18-year-old girl had a 16 nightmare. The nightmare was terrible, but it gave her an idea for a tale — a tale that would become the most recognized 17 story in the world: the story of Frankenstein's monster. The author's name was Mary Shelley (1797 — 1851). Her novel describes the trials of an 18 young scientist, Dr Frankenstein, who uses his knowledge to bring an inanimate body to life, but then 19 the shocking “monster” he creates. At the time of writing, the story was a powerful warning 20 scientific advances and is the Industrial Revolution, which was about 21 across Europe. Many artists and writers were concerned 22 this industrialization and the effect it would have 23 man's relationship with nature. They saw danger in the new scientific advances. Volume 1, Chapter 4 It was on a dreary night in November that I completed my work. With an anxiety that almost 24 to pain, I collected the instruments of life around me that I might add a small amount of being to the lifeless thing that 25 at my feet. It was already one in the morning; the rain fell dismally against the windows, and my candle was nearly burnt out, when, by the failing light, I saw the yellow eye of the 26 open; it breathed hard, and a sudden movement disturbed its arms and legs. How can I describe my emotions at this disaster, or how to describe the terrible creature I had tried to form? His arms and legs were in proportion, and I had selected his 27 as beautiful. Beautiful! His yellow skin 28 covered the muscles beneath; his hair was black and flowing; his teeth of a pearly whiteness that formed a horrible contrast with his watery eyes, his 29 face and straight black mouth. I had worked hard for nearly two years, for the only purpose of breathing life into an inanimate body. For this I had 30 myself of rest and health, but now that I had finished, the beauty of the dream disappeared, and breathless horror and disgust filled my heart. 16．A．moral B．vivid C．massive D．pure 17．A．horror B．motivation C．peak D．charm 18．A．elegant B．ambitious C．innocent D．patient 19．A．rejects B．boosts C．hacks D．rebels 20．A．at B．with C．against D．of 21．A．spread B．spreading C．to spread D．to spreading 22．A．at B．to C．about D．with 23．A．at B．to C．about D．on 24．A．amounted B．attained C．combined D．engaged 25．A．lies B．lied C．laid D．lay 26．A．creature B．cage C．civilian D．comedy 27．A．features B．settings C．symbols D．professions 28．A．universally B．barely C．unrealistically D．artificially 29．A．shifted B．rooted C．eased D．wrinkled 30．A．deprived B．behaved C．decreased D．tackled Passage 3 （24-25高二下·上海市建平中学·期末） No, You Don’t Get an A Just for Effort After 20 years of teaching, I thought I’d heard every argument in the book from students who wanted a better grade. But recently, multiple students had a new complaint: “My grade doesn’t reflect the effort I put into this course.” High marks are for 31 , not grit (硬扛，死磕). In the past, students understood that hard work was not sufficient; an A required great work. Yet today, many students expect to be rewarded for the quantity of their effort rather than the quality of their knowledge. In surveys, two-thirds of college students say that “trying hard” should be a factor in their grades, and a third think they should get at least a B just for 32 at (most) classes. This isn’t Gen Z’s fault. It’s the result of a(n) 33 about one of the most popular educational theories. More than a generation ago, the psychologist Carol Dweck published groundbreaking experiments that changed how many parents and teachers talk to kids. Praising kids for their abilities 34 their resilience (韧劲), making them more likely to give up when they encountered setbacks. To persist and learn in the face of challenges, kids needed to believe that abilities and skills are 35 , and the best way to nurture this growth mindset was to shift from praising intelligence to effort. This idea quickly made its way into viral articles, best-selling books and popular TED talks. Psychologists have long found that rewarding effort cultivates a strong work ethic and reinforces learning. That’s especially 36 for students who weren’t born into comfort or don’t have a record of achievement. 37 , the problem is that we’ve taken the practice of celebrating hard work. We are treating it as an end in itself. We’ve taught a generation of kids that their worth is defined 38 by their work ethic. That does great harm to the students. One study found that if there wasn’t a time limit, the higher people scored on their own 39 , the more likely they were to stick to a task they will never accomplish. This is what worries me most about valuing perseverance above all else: It can motivate people to stick with a bad 40 instead of developing better ones. With students, a textbook example is pulling all-nighters rather than spacing out their studying over a few days. Teachers and parents owe kids a more 41 message. There’s a reason we award Olympic medals to the athletes who swim the fastest, not the ones who train the hardest. Motivation is only one of multiple variables (变量) in the achievement equation (等式). Ability, opportunity and luck 42 , too. The ideal 43 to a disappointing grade is not to complain that your diligence wasn’t rewarded. It’s to ask how you could make your investment 44 better. Trying harder isn’t always the answer. Sometimes it’s working smarter, and other times it’s working on something else altogether. Every teacher should support students to succeed. In my classes, I make it clear that my goal is to give as many A’s as possible. But they’re earned through mastering all. The true 45 of learning is not the time and energy you put in. It’s the knowledge and skills you take out. 31．A．industriousness B．engagement C．morality D．excellence 32．A．doing well B．showing up C．nodding off D．burning out 33．A．misunderstanding B．stretching C．extinction D．emergence 34．A．creates B．restores C．stocks D．hurts 35．A．intangible B．attainable C．preservable D．valuable 36．A．fearful B．sentimental C．dreary D．important 37．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．However D．Besides 38．A．barely B．initially C．primarily D．proportionately 39．A．grit B．education C．adaptability D．intellect 40．A．tendency B．strategy C．motive D．criterion 41．A．balanced B．universal C．motivational D．random 42．A．vary B．arise C．count D．interfere 43．A．switch B．response C．obstacle D．access 44．A．run out B．drop in C．catch on D．pay off 45．A．measurement B．significance C．theory D．reward Passage 1 （2025高二下·湖南·期末）Here I was, sitting in the roller coaster (过山车) cart of Kingda Ka in New Jersey, the tallest and second fastest roller coaster on Earth. My friends shouted in excitement, while I shakily 1 my hands on my shorts. “How can you be so excited when...” My words caught in my throat and melted into screams as the roller coaster suddenly 2 . It was the fastest 3 I had ever experienced in my life: 128 miles per hour. I screamed at the top of my 4 as fear froze me up from inside. We rapidly moved up the skinny hump (驼峰) rising into the clouds at a ninety degree angle, having crossed the track bringing us forward in mere 5 . 6 , close to the highest part of the hump, I 7 a little. My screams became less terrified and more energetic. Once we reached the 8 of the hump. I could almost touch the sky. And then we were spiraling (盘旋) downwards, curving and twisting and 9 towards Earth at the same speed. Before I 10 it, we had already met the ground. It was a thirty-second-long ride. I managed to 11 the entire ride without a breakdown. I gasped (喘气) in 12 . It was over. I had not only survived the ride — I had 13 it. My friend turned to me, her eyes 14 . “Are you ready for the next roller coaster?” My head felt light as we walked away from the ride spinning with something I didn’t 15 recognize. It took me a few minutes to put a name to it — thrill. “I’m ready for anything.” 1．A．wiped B．waved C．joined D．crossed 2．A．removed B．rocketed C．struggled D．marched 3．A．launch B．operation C．ride D．experience 4．A．cheeks B．throat C．heart D．lungs 5．A．minutes B．hours C．seconds D．moments 6．A．Instead B．Meanwhile C．Therefore D．However 7．A．broke down B．calmed down C．passed out D．dressed up 8．A．top B．start C．track D．location 9．A．swinging B．escaping C．shooting D．pointing 10．A．achieved B．predicted C．admitted D．realized 11．A．take off B．carry on C．figure out D．get through 12．A．despair B．amazement C．silence D．depth 13．A．enjoyed B．deserved C．hated D．confirmed 14．A．bright B．wet C．closed D．wide 15．A．gradually B．absolutely C．immediately D．eventually Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·广东大湾区·期末）Every year, Bannister climbs a hill near her home with friends. But last August, Bannister, then 79, went alone, feeling confident because she’s a(n) ____1____ hiker. “It’s steep (陡峭) , but because I’ve done it so many times, I wasn’t ____2____ about it,” says Bannister. However, as she ____3____ back down, her foot got caught in a hole in the ground. She fell forward and broke her leg, with her ____4____ pointing the wrong way. She cried out ____5____ for help, and before long, several strangers approached and ____6____ the rescue team, who could only arrive five hours later. It hurt so much that Bannister asked if anyone had ____7____, but none. Then, a young man, Layton came over and offered to carry her to the____8____ of the hill. During the long hike down, a couple also lent a hand. One ____9____ a splint (夹板) to Bannister’s foot. The other chatted to _____10_____ her from the pain. It worked! When they reached the parking lot, Layton _____11_____ her to the hospital. Doctors were _____12_____ by their first aid, saying the damage would have been worse had she waited longer to get _____13_____ attention. During Bannister’s _____14_____, those who had helped visited her several times. “I can’t _____15_____ their favor enough. We’ll stay friends forever,” she said. 1. A. adventurous B. experienced C. casual D. delighted 2. A. nervous B. annoyed C. confident D. excited 3. A. slid B. skipped C. marched D. headed 4. A. elbow B. finger C. foot D. shoulder 5. A. suddenly B. temporarily C. desperately D. angrily 6. A. called B. signaled C. guided D. followed 7. A. biscuits B. painkillers C. backpacks D. sticks 8. A. side B. top C. middle D. foot 9. A. applied B. hung C. lifted D. attached 10. A. protect B. save C. prevent D. distract 11. A. carried B. rushed C. dragged D. walked 12. A. puzzled B. impressed C. disappointed D. encouraged 13. A. public B. individual C. medical D. constant 14. A. recovery B. survival C. hike D. struggle 15. A. gain B. believe C. admire D. appreciate Passage 3 （24-25高二下·天津南开·期末）Maybe you’ve read a lot about moving dogs. Here is another inspiring story of a guide dog who was put to the ultimate test and passed successfully. One day, a woman named Audrey in the United States, who is 1 , and her guide dog, Figo, were going across the street when suddenly she was 2 by a bus, suffering extreme pain. Her elbow, ankle and ribs were hurt terribly, yet her main 3 was Figo because in those frightening and confusing minutes, he 4 to her side and had his leg badly hurt. When the police arrived, 5 on the spot reported that the couple had started to 6 the street as a minibus was turning the corner. The distracted bus driver hadn’t seen the woman and her 7 companion until the last second. Figo 8 instantly, jumping between Audrey and the bus. It was the dog’s body that 9 Audrey from the impact of the crash’s brunt (冲击力). Otherwise, Audrey’s injuries could have been deadly. The dog’s bravery and quick reaction are really 10 . While 911 was called, others rushed to aid the injured pair. Figo 11 to stay with his owner, refusing to leave her until he knew she was cared for 12 . As they lifted Audrey into the 13 , Figo still hobbled (跛行) at her side. Audrey didn’t want Figo to do that 14 his injuries, too, required immediate medical care. However, he wouldn’t allow veterinarians (兽医) to 15 him for treatment until he made sure of Audrey’s 16 . Figo spent the next three months 17 in the care of the vets. He was a delight, making many new 18 around the vet’s office. Usually, when a guide dog suffers injuries, there is a(n) 19 that he will be forced into retirement. However, Audrey decides to have herself 20 by Figo all the time. 1．A．kind B．generous C．deaf D．blind 2．A．knocked down B．hung over C．passed by D．picked up 3．A．purpose B．challenge C．concern D．request 4．A．tended B．rushed C．climbed D．waved 5．A．officials B．relatives C．witnesses D．doctors 6．A．clear B．watch C．leave D．cross 7．A．faithful B．careful C．powerful D．temporary 8．A．succeeded B．responded C．escaped D．cried 9．A．discouraged B．banned C．protected D．hid 10．A．frightening B．touching C．satisfying D．confusing 11．A．struggled B．seemed C．hoped D．happened 12．A．randomly B．commonly C．possibly D．properly 13．A．ambulance B．wheelchair C．house D．bus 14．A．until B．because C．if D．although 15．A．transport B．praise C．ask D．thank 16．A．luck B．safety C．injury D．attention 17．A．cheating B．adjusting C．playing D．recovering 18．A．experiments B．friends C．arrangements D．choices 19．A．assumption B．agenda C．reason D．possibility 20．A．treated B．accompanied C．pleased D．refused Passage 4 （24-25高二下·浙江金华·期末）After a lot of trial and error, we finally got our summer holiday right. But it used to be either boring or 1 . One year we tried just relaxing, 2 at the community pool, and doing whatever came up. After a week or so, we were pretty bored and started 3 day camps to join. The next year, I 4 the kids around to a bunch of classes to keep them 5 , but I found none of the classes to be 6 and felt we were wasting our time and money while stressing ourselves out with 7 to get to certain places at certain times so much. Then the following year, I actually 8 classes for the kids and all their friends. Doing our own summer school was so fun but so much 9 ! So the next summer, I stopped our summer school. 10 , the kids and I came up with a new 11 — Family Learning Adventures Camp. Together, we 12 a list of things that would be good to do each day and a “bucket list (愿望清单)”  of fun activities we’ d like to do 13 . We ended up with six “MUST-DO ACTIVITIES” the kids agreed to 14 individually each day and a list of exciting group activities. Our camp worked so well that it 15 until the kids got their summer jobs when they were 16. 1．A．painful B．puzzling C．stressful D．embarrassing 2．A．working out B．staying up C．showing off D．hanging out 3．A．seeking B．offering C．skipping D．sharing 4．A．rushed B．showed C．talked D．followed 5．A．motivated B．busy C．distracted D．energetic 6．A．satisfying B．boring C．relaxing D．confusing 7．A．failing B．managing C．deciding D．promising 8．A．found B．conducted C．canceled D．delayed 9．A．learning B．complaint C．adventure D．work 10．A．Therefore B．Besides C．Instead D．Still 11．A．idea B．problem C．explanation D．excuse 12．A．noticed B．revised C．brainstormed D．declared 13．A．regularly B．differently C．together D．overnight 14．A．prepare B．record C．design D．complete 15．A．waited B．continued C．spread D．changed Passage 5 （24-25高二下·安徽蚌埠·期末）In 2020,13-year-old Adeola Olagbegi caught a rare illness, and had a successful operation. 1 , Adeola is now out of hospital. While he was 2 , he found out that he was qualified for a(n) 3 to ask for a dream wish from Make-A-Wish Foundation. While many teens would choose a Disney trip or meet a favourite figure, Adeola 4 chose to feed the homeless. The Make-A-Wish Foundation is famous for brightening the lives of children 5 illnesses by realizing their wishes, a wish always includes having something or going somewhere. However, Adeola’s wish to give came as a 6 to the organization, as Adeola’s 7 wish was the first of its kind in the organization’s 35-year history. “When he so easily offers to help others, you just have to say, that’s a(n) 8 young man,” said Linda, an official of the organization. She was 9 with the teen’s kindness and sense of 10 . Adeola thinks his past experiences 11 with his family in their community are what 12 him to make the giving wish. When deciding what to do with the 13 chance, the one thing that was the most important to him was that his wish had a long-lasting 14 . “My mum always says it’s lucky to be someone 15 , so I just wanted to do something for other people to make it last longer,” Adeola explained. 1．A．Naturally B．Hopefully C．Thankfully D．Frankly 2．A．recovering B．practising C．preparing D．fighting 3．A．interview B．opportunity C．goal D．promise 4．A．anyway B．therefore C．moreover D．instead 5．A．suffering from B．taking on C．looking through D．getting off 6．A．worry B．success C．surprise D．disappointment 7．A．formal B．generous C．exciting D．curious 8．A．kind B．terrible C．capable D．confident 9．A．confused B．affected C．strict D．impressed 10．A．honour B．humour C．responsibility D．relief 11．A．designing B．exploring C．volunteering D．exercising 12．A．permits B．forces C．expects D．inspires 13．A．normal B．unexpected C．strange D．different 14．A．memory B．friendship C．appreciation D．impact 15．A．helpful B．careful C．powerful D．regretful 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是13岁的Adcola Olagbegi向许愿基金会申请愿望的时候选择了帮助无家可归的人，这让这个组织很惊讶，文中也讲到了Adcola选择这个愿望的原因。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，Adcola现在已经出院。A. Naturally自然地；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Thankfully值得庆幸的是；D. Frankly坦白地。由后文的“Adcola is now out of hospital”可知，Adcola现在已经出院，这是值得庆幸的。故选C。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在康复期间，他发现自己有资格从许愿基金会获得一个梦想愿望的机会。A. recovering康复；B. practicing练习；C. preparing准备；D. fighting战斗。由上文的“had a successful operation”和“Adcola is now out of hospital”可知，他出院后在康复期间，他发现自己有资格向许愿基金会（Make-A-Wish Foundation）许愿。故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在康复期间，他发现自己有资格从许愿基金会获得一个梦想愿望的机会。A. interview面试；B. opportunity机会；C. goal目标；D. promise承诺。由后文的“to ask for a dream wish from Make-A-Wish Foundation”可知，他发现自己有机会向许愿基金会许愿。故选B。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：许多青少年会选择去迪士尼行或者见最喜欢的人物，而Adcola却选择了给无家可归的人提供食物。A. anyway无论如何；B. therefore因此；C. moreover此外；D. instead相反。由上文的“many teens would choose a Disney trip or meet a favourite figure”和后文的“chose to feed the homeless”可知，此处将 Adcola与许多青少年进行对比，所以“相反”符合句意。故选D。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：许愿基金会以通过实现他们的愿望来点亮患有疾病的儿童的生活而闻名，一个愿望总是包括拥有一些东西或去一些地方。A. suffering from患有；B. taking on呈现；C. looking through浏览；D. getting off下车。由后文的“illnesses”可知，此处表示“生病的孩子”。故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Adcola的愿望让该组织感到意外，因为Adcola的慷慨愿望是该组织35年历史上的第一次。A. worry担心；B. success成功；C. surprise意外之事；D. disappointment失望。由后文的“as Adeola's___7___ wish was the first of its kind in the organization's 35-year history”可知，Adcola的愿望让该组织感到意外。故选C。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，Adcola的愿望让该组织感到意外，因为Adcola的慷慨愿望是该组织35年历史上的第一次。A. formal正式的；B. generous慷慨的；C. exciting令人激动的；D. curious好奇的。由第一段的“ Adcola__4__ chose to feed the homeless”可知，他的愿望很慷慨。故选B。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当他如此轻易地提出帮助别人时，你只需要说，这是一个善良的年轻人，”该组织的官员琳达说。A. kind善良的；B. terrible糟糕的；C. capable有能力的；D. confident自信的。由上文的“he so easily offers to help others”可知，他如此轻易地提出帮助别人，他是一个善良的年轻人。故选A。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个青少年的善良和责任感给她留下了深刻的印象。A. confused困惑的；B. affected被（外界因素）影响的；C. strict严格的；D. impressed印象深刻的。由后文的“with the teen’s kindness and sense of __10”可知，这个青少年的善良和责任感给Linda留下了深刻的印象。故选D。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个青少年的善良和责任感给她留下了深刻的印象。A. honour荣幸；B. humour幽默；C. responsibility责任；D. relief宽慰。由第4空后的“chose to feed the homeless”可知，这个青少年有责任感。故选C。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Adcola认为他过去和家人一起在社区做志愿者的经历是激励他实现捐赠愿望的原因。A. designing设计；B. exploring探索；C. volunteering自愿做；D. exercising练习。由后文的“with his family in their community”可知，他和家人在社区做志愿者。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Adcola认为他过去和家人一起在社区做志愿者的经历是激励他实现捐赠愿望的原因。A. permits允许；B. forces强迫；C. expects期待；D. inspires激励。由上文的“his past experiences _11_ with his family in their community”和后文的“to make the giving wish”可知，Adcola认为他过去和家人一起在社区做志愿者的经历是激励他实现捐赠愿望的原因。故选D。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当决定如何处理这个意外的机会时，对他来说最重要的一件事是，他的愿望具有持久的影响。A. normal正常的；B. unexpected出乎意料的；C. strange奇怪的；D. different不同的。根据第一段的“While he was ___2___, he found out that he was qualified for a(n) ___3___ to ask for a dream wish from Make-A-Wish Foundation.”可知，他可以要求一个愿望是一个出乎意料的机会。故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当决定如何处理这个意外的机会时，对他来说最重要的一件事是，他的愿望具有持久的影响。A. memory记忆；B. friendship友谊；C. appreciation感激；D. impact影响。由后文的“do something for other people”可知，为他人做点事情，这是对他人有影响的。故选D。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我妈妈总是说，能成为一个乐于助人的人是一件很幸运的事，所以我只是想为别人做些事情，让这种感觉持续得更久。”Adcola解释说。A. helpful有帮助的；B. careful仔细的；C. powerful强大的；D. regretful后悔的。由后文的“do something for other people”可知，他为他人做点事情，也就是他是对他人有帮助的。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $