专题03 阅读理解说明文（期末复习专项训练）高二英语下学期沪教版

**基本信息** 聚焦高中英语期末说明文阅读，通过多地区真题篇章系统训练语言理解与思维分析能力，涵盖社会现象、科技文化等多元主题。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |社会现象|2篇（如“Adulting 101”课程）|主旨归纳、推理判断|从具体案例到现象成因分析，培养逻辑推导能力| |科技文化|3篇（如DeepSeek、《窈窕淑女》）|词义猜测、态度观点|结合文化背景理解文本，提升跨文化意识| |健康生活|2篇（如痴呆症与旅行、工作狂）|细节理解、主旨概括|通过实证研究理解健康议题，强化信息筛选能力| |科学研究|2篇（如古代气候、韩国海女）|推理判断、标题选择|从科学发现到意义阐释，发展批判性思维|

专题03 阅读理解说明文（期末复习专项训练） Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·上海市建平中学·期末）The teacher starts with the basics: how to thread a needle. Then she shows the students how to mend a torn shirt. The sewing class is part of a free, one-day course at Austin Community College (ACC) called “Adulting 101”. The students range in age from their late teens to mid-40s. Such programmes are designed to help people “navigate adulthood”, even those who, legally and practically, have been navigating it for quite some time. The topics run from basic — how to dress appropriately for a job interview — to advanced, such as how to file income taxes. Raffi Grinberg created “Adulting 101” at Boston College, which was inspired by his first day working at Bain& Company. He and his peers had to decide which health-insurance plan to choose, how much of his salary to devote to saving for retirement, and other financial details. “Every one of us went out and called our parents,” he admits. “We were graduates of elite schools, and we still didn’t know what to do.” The rise in need for adulting classes reflects, in part, the changing nature of childhood and adolescence, which have grown more digital and less physical. American teens spend up to nine hours each day on screens. TikTok and YouTube do offer handy tutorials on all manner of household chores. But most young users of these platforms are more interested in dancing than dishwashers. In Infantilised: How Our Culture Killed Adulthood, Keith Hayward argued that there has been a generational shift and that young people are less mature than their forebears were at the same age. They are shrinking from responsibilities such as marriage, homeowning, and child-rearing because “adulting is hard”. He adds that young people today are also less interested in what their elders have to offer: “Parents and grandparents are seen as idiots who can’t work the Wi-Fi.” If parents are not providing advice on life’s many essential tasks, “You’re left with these classes picking up the slack.” Such perspectives may ring true. But young people are remaining in education for longer, meaning that financial independence, partners, and children necessarily come later. And adulting is, in fact, hard. The world is more complex than it was. Take financial decisions. People opening their first bank account have to choose between a main-street branch and an array of online banks and bank-like institutions. Many will see adulting classes as proof of youngsters’ delayed maturity. But indulged children do not acknowledge the gaps in their knowledge and try to fill them. Only a grown-up would willingly spend precious free time doing something as dull as learning how to mend a shirt. 1．If you were to design an “Adulting 101” course based on what you’ve learned from this passage, which of the following topics would be most suitable? A．Learning Spanish with ChatGPT B．Modern literature appreciation C．Financial literacy after graduation D．Navigating the mechanism behind Tik Tok 2．What does the author mean by saying “You’re left with these classes picking up the slack.” A．These classes make up for the absence of parental guidance. B．These classes are more feasible than parental suggestions. C．The courses can offer knowledge beyond daily skills. D．The role of parental advice is no longer crucial because of these courses. 3．It can be inferred from the passage that ________. A．parents nowadays are incapable of offering useful life advice B．young people consider life skills less necessary in the digital age C．a lack of meaning content online is to blame for delayed adulthood D．social changes better explain delayed adulthood than personal failings 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the adulting courses? A．They help adults identify and bridge their knowledge gap. B．They arise and popularize for justifiable reasons. C．They are a worrisome reflection of generational failure. D．They reflect the drawbacks of family and school education. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了 “Adulting 101” 这类帮助人们适应成年生活的课程，分析了其兴起的原因，包括年轻人成长环境变化、对长辈建议兴趣缺缺以及社会本身变得更复杂等因素，同时探讨了人们对该课程的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Such programmes are designed to help people “navigate adulthood”, even those who, legally and practically, have been navigating it for quite some time. The topics run from basic — how to dress appropriately for a job interview—— to advanced, such as how to file income taxes.(这类课程旨在帮助人们 “适应成年生活”，即便对那些从法律层面和实际生活来讲，早已开启成年生活有一段时间的人来说，亦是如此。课程主题涵盖广泛，从基础内容，比如如何为求职面试得体着装，到高阶内容，例如如何申报所得税)” 可知，“Adulting 101” 课程旨在助力人们应对成年生活，涵盖从基础到高级的各种生活实用技能主题。C 选项“Financial literacy after graduation（毕业后的金融知识）”，毕业后涉及到理财等金融方面决策，属于成年生活的重要部分，故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第六段“He adds that young people today are also less interested in what their elders have to offer: “Parents and grandparents are seen as idiots who can’t work the Wi-Fi.” If parents are not providing advice on life’s many essential tasks, “You’re left with these classes picking up the slack.(他补充说，如今的年轻人对长辈所能传授的东西也不太感兴趣：“父母和祖父母被看成是不会使用无线网络的笨蛋。” 如果父母没有就生活中诸多重要事务给出建议，“那就只能由这些课程来填补空白了”) ” 可知，现在年轻人对长辈建议不感兴趣，父母若不提供生活重要任务的建议，这些课程就会承担起相应责任。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“But young people are remaining in education for longer, meaning that financial independence, partners, and children necessarily come later. And adulting is, in fact, hard. The world is more complex than it was.(但年轻人接受教育的时间越来越长，这意味着经济独立、寻找伴侣以及生儿育女的时间必然会推迟。事实上，成年后的生活很艰难。如今的世界比过去更加复杂)” 可知，年轻人因接受教育时间延长，成年相关事务推迟，且社会变得更复杂。这表明社会变化对成年延迟的解释力更强，而非个人的失败。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“The rise in need for adulting classes reflects, in part, the changing nature of childhood and adolescence, which have grown more digital and less physical.(对成人课程需求的增加，部分反映了童年和青少年时期性质的变化，这些时期变得更加数字化，而身体活动减少)，第六段“He adds that young people today are also less interested in what their elders have to offer: “Parents and grandparents are seen as idiots who can’t work the Wi-Fi.” If parents are not providing advice on life’s many essential tasks, “You’re left with these classes picking up the slack.”(他补充说，如今的年轻人对长辈所能传授的东西也不太感兴趣：“父母和祖父母被看成是不会使用无线网络的笨蛋。”如果父母没有就生活中诸多重要事务给出建议，“那就只能由这些课程来填补空白了”)”说明因年轻人对长辈建议不感兴趣，父母指导缺失，使得成人课程有了存在的必要，这也是课程兴起的合理理由。根据倒数第二段“But young people are remaining in education for longer, meaning that financial independence, partners, and children necessarily come later. And adulting is, in fact, hard. The world is more complex than it was.”(但年轻人接受教育的时间更长，这意味着经济独立、伴侣和孩子必然会来得更晚。而且事实上，成年生活很艰难。世界比过去更复杂了)”可知，作者提到了成年课程需求增加是因为童年和青少年时期的变化，年轻人对长辈建议不感兴趣以及社会变得更复杂，导致成年生活变难，这些都表明成年课程兴起有合理原因。同时提到愿意花时间参加课程学习生活技能的是成熟的人，侧面说明课程流行也有其合理性。所以作者认为成年课程是因合理原因产生并流行的。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·上海市浦东新区·期末）Amid all the excitement, surprise, and anxiety over China’s DeepSeek R1 AI model, I want to make a point: To many young Americans, DeepSeek is cool. They see the Chinese internet as fascinating. How did this happen? First, Chinese products and services have an increasing charm and originality. I am not a keen TikTok user, but it has a magnetic presence that no US video site can match since more than half of all Americans are active TikTok users. TikTok was shut down earlier in January this year, and the site faces uncertainty. So America’s internet youth flocked to a Chinese video site called RedNote, also known as Xiaohongshu. RedNote has more than 300million users in China, but until recently barely received attention in the US. And when young Americans visited RedNote, they were struck by an obvious fact: It is not the kind of site their parents would frequent. The opening page is full of Chinese characters and many images that, at least to me, an old American, make no sense. Yet Chinese and American youth interact frequently there, for example trading tips for making steamed eggs properly. As for the AI large-language models, DeepSeek is a marvel. Of all the LLMs, I find it the most fun to chat with. Its written answers can be moody and playful. Certainly this week DeepSeek was the top download on Apple’s app store. Another possible reason for the rise of China into the ranks of cultural coolness is the lack of competitors. Not so long ago, it was common for a typical American teenager to develop a passion for Europe, which was seen as more intellectual, more artistic, more “cultured”. Today Europe has lost some of its romantic appeal. Besides, it is true that anything your parents thought was cool when they were your age, you don’t. While the differences between American and Chinese cultures are obvious, both Americans and Chinese are friendly, open, forward-looking, and business-friendly. The cultural gap is by no means unbridgeable. China has the talent, scale, and resources to create online experiences that will appeal to Americans. Undoubtedly, China has gained an advantage-not only in technology, but also in liveliness. 5．Why does the author mention “more than half of all Americans are active TikTok users” in para.2? A．To prove that he has resisted the temptation of TikTok. B．To indicate that TikTok should spend more on advertising. C．To highlight that TikTok has a strong appeal to most Americans. D．To suggest that other US video sites learn from TikTok’s marketing strategies. 6．The author describes his encounter with RedNote to show ______. A．that RedNote has a confusing and unrealistice layout B．why RedNote doesn’t really appeal to older Americans C．that RedNote is too complex for older people to operate D．how RedNote uses its new features to catch users’ attention 7．What is the author’s attitude towards Chinese internet products and services? A．They are completely unappealing and worthless. B．They have some charm but lack innovation. C．Their charm and originality are on the rise. D．It’s hard to understand their popularity among the youth. 8．Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to the coolness of China’s internet? A．European culture has lost all its appeal to American youth. B．DeepSeek is a wise and humorous companion when chatting. C．Chinese online products and services boast an innovative and unique style. D．Young Americans’ parents think China’s internet shape their children’s views. 【答案】5．C 6．B 7．C 8．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文围绕中国互联网产品和服务在年轻美国人群体中的 “酷文化” 现象展开，分析其背后的原因及影响。 5．推理判断题。根据第二段“First, Chinese products and services have an increasing charm and originality. I am not a keen TikTok user, but it has a magnetic presence that no US video site can match since more than half of all Americans are active TikTok users.( 第一，中国的产品和服务越来越有魅力，越来越有创意。我不是抖音的忠实用户，但它的吸引力是任何美国视频网站都无法比拟的，因为超过一半的美国人是抖音的活跃用户。)”可知，前文说中国产品和服务有越来越大的魅力和创意，TikTok 有美国视频网站无法比拟的吸引力。提到这一数据是为了强调 TikTok 对大多数美国人有很强的吸引力，以此来证明中国互联网产品的魅力。故选C项。 6．推理判断题。根据第三段“And when young Americans visited RedNote, they were struck by an obvious fact: It is not the kind of site their parents would frequent. The opening page is full of Chinese characters and many images that, at least to me, an old American, make no sense.( 当年轻的美国人访问RedNote时，他们被一个显而易见的事实震惊了：这不是他们的父母经常光顾的那种网站。这本书的第一页满是汉字和许多图片，至少对我这个老美国人来说，毫无意义。)”可知，作者描述自己与 RedNote 的相遇，提到首页满是汉字和对他（一个老美国人）来说没意义的图片，后面又说这不是他父母会常去的网站。这表明 RedNote 对年长的美国人没有吸引力。故选B项。 7．推理判断题。根据第二段“First, Chinese products and services have an increasing charm and originality.( 第一，中国的产品和服务越来越有魅力，越来越有创意。)”可知，文章开头就提到中国产品和服务有越来越大的魅力和创意，后面又通过 TikTok、RedNote、DeepSeek 等例子进一步说明。作者认为中国互联网产品和服务的魅力和创意在上升。故选C项。 8．细节理解题。根据第四段“As for the AI large-language models, DeepSeek is a marvel. Of all the LLMs, I find it the most fun to chat with. Its written answers can be moody and playful. Certainly this week DeepSeek was the top download on Apple’s app store.( 在人工智能大语言模型方面，DeepSeek堪称奇迹。在所有的LLMs中，我发现与它聊天是最有趣的。它的书面回答可能是喜怒无常和好玩的。当然，本周DeepSeek是苹果应用商店下载量最高的应用。)”以及第五段中“Another possible reason for the rise of China into the ranks of cultural coolness is the lack of competitors. Not so long ago, it was common for a typical American teenager to develop a passion for Europe, which was seen as more intellectual, more artistic, more “cultured”.( 中国崛起为“酷文化”的另一个可能原因是缺乏竞争对手。就在不久之前，一个典型的美国青少年对欧洲产生热情是很常见的，因为欧洲被认为更有智慧、更有艺术气息、更“有文化”。)”可知，年轻的美国父母认为中国的互联网影响了他们孩子的观点不是中国互联网酷的原因。故选D项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·上海市徐汇区·期末）Time travel is a classic theme in science fiction, appearing in everything from Doctor Who to Edge of Tomorrow. Whether through a time machine or mysterious ancient stones, altering the past often creates chaos — changing timelines, erasing key events, or trapping characters in endless loops. Movies like Groundhog Day and Palm Springs play with these ideas, making us wonder: How would we escape such a fate? Memory loss is another favorite sci-fi theme. A hero who can’t remember anything instantly creates mystery — why? What are they hiding? Selective amnesia (健忘症) deepens the intrigue (阴谋、诡计) while keeping readers and characters on the same page. Stories like Memento and Inception explore identity: Who are we without our memories? Nicholas Binge’s Dissolution masterfully combines time travel and memory into a gripping thriller (惊悚片). The protagonist (主角), Maggie, is an elderly woman facing loneliness — her husband, Stanley, no longer recognizes her, and her estranged son avoids her. Then a stranger, Hassan, claims Stanley’s memories are being stolen. The story unfolds through interview transcripts and flashbacks, creating a complex puzzle reminiscent (回忆者) of Memento. Binge’s clever writing keeps you hooked, and with a film adaptation already in the works, this is a must-read for sci-fi fans. For something shorter but equally intriguing, Olivia Waite’s Murder by Memory offers a cozy yet futuristic mystery. Ship detective Dorothy Gentleman wakes up in someone else’s body to find that a killer is erasing victims’ stored memories — ensuring they stay dead. The novella is fast-paced and fun, perfect for readers who love sci-fi crime. Though brief, it’s the start of a promising series, and hopefully, future installments will be bundled into a longer collection. If you enjoy mind-bending plots about time and memory, these two books are excellent choices — one a layered thriller, the other a quick but clever whodunit. Happy reading! 9．What is a common consequence of time travel in science fiction stories? A．Characters gain supernatural abilities. B．Historical accuracy is exactly preserved. C．Societies achieve Utopian perfection. D．Timelines are disrupted, leading to repeated or erased events. 10．How does selective memory loss enhance a story’s narrative? A．It eliminates the need for character development. B．It allows the protagonist to outsmart others easily. C．It creates shared uncertainty between the character and reader. D．It focuses the plot entirely on action sequences. 11．What challenges does the protagonist of Dissolution face? A．Isolation from family and her husband’s fading memory. B．A high-stakes political conspiracy. C．A dangerous journey through physical realms. D．A career-threatening professional mistake. 12．What unique element defines the murders in Murder by Memory? A．Victims’ stored memories are destroyed, preventing rebirth. B．The killer uses futuristic technology to hide their identity. C．The crimes occur in a virtual reality simulation. D．The detective possesses supernatural powers. 13．According to the author, what unites the two recommended books? A．Both are lengthy novels with intricate world-building. B．They blend themes of identity and futuristic technology. C．They cater to fans of twisty, thought-provoking narratives. D．Both focus on historical events reimagined through sci-fi. 【答案】9．D 10．C 11．A 12．A 13．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科幻作品中时间旅行和记忆主题的书籍推荐。 9．细节理解题。 根据第一段中“Whether through a time machine or mysterious ancient stones, altering the past often creates chaos — changing timelines, erasing key events, or trapping characters in endless loops. (无论是通过时间机器还是神秘的古代石头，改变过去往往都会造成混乱——改变时间线、抹去关键事件，或者让角色陷入无尽的循环之中。)”可知，在科幻故事中，时间旅行的一个常见后果是时间线被扰乱，导致事件重复或被抹去。故选D。 10．细节理解题。 根据第二段中“Selective amnesia (健忘症) deepens the intrigue (阴谋、诡计) while keeping readers and characters on the same page. (选择性失忆加深了阴谋，同时让读者和角色处于同一认知层面。)”可知，选择性失忆在故事中创造了角色和读者之间的共同不确定性，从而增强了故事的叙述。故选C。 11．细节理解题。 根据第三段中“The protagonist (主角), Maggie, is an elderly woman facing loneliness — her husband, Stanley, no longer recognizes her, and her estranged son avoids her. (主角玛吉是一位面临孤独的老年女性——她的丈夫斯坦利不再认得她，而她疏远的儿子也躲着她。)”可知，《Dissolution》的主角面临的挑战是与家人的隔绝以及她丈夫逐渐衰退的记忆。故选A。 12．细节理解题。 根据第四段中“Ship detective Dorothy Gentleman wakes up in someone else’s body to find that a killer is erasing victims’ stored memories — ensuring they stay dead. (飞船侦探多萝西·绅士在别人的身体里醒来，发现一个杀手正在抹去受害者储存的记忆——以确保他们永远死去。)”可知，《Murder by Memory》中的谋杀案的独特之处在于受害者储存的记忆被摧毁，从而阻止了他们的重生。故选A。 13．推理判断题。 根据最后一段中“If you enjoy mind-bending plots about time and memory, these two books are excellent choices — one a layered thriller, the other a quick but clever whodunit. (如果你喜欢关于时间和记忆的烧脑情节，这两本书是绝佳的选择——一本是层层递进的惊悚片，另一本是快速而聪明的侦探小说。)”可知，作者认为这两本书的共同之处在于它们都迎合了喜欢曲折、发人深省的叙述的读者。故选C。 Passage 1 （2025高二下·湖南岳阳·期末）Scott Cooper is a 66-ycar-old Australian with dementia (痴呆症). Every day, he struggles with forgetting where he puts his keys and sometimes can’t even recognize the faces of his dearest friends. But he refuses to let this tough condition stop him from exploring the world! He and his wife Jill take regular trips — twice a year. “Traveling helps me keep enjoying life,” Scott said. “Although it can be tiring sometimes, these new experiences make my mind and body active.” Scientists predict that by 2050, around 153 million people globally will suffer from dementia. However, a recent study interviewing over a hundred dementia patients in China, reveals that travel can significantly benefit these patients. The new sights, smells, tastes, and social interactions during travel offer crucial cognitive and sensory stimulation. According to Jun Wen, a tourism lecturer at Edith Cowan University and researcher, the expectation and planning in tourism stimulate brain function. Meanwhile, the exercise often aligns with dementia treatment plans. Warren Harding, a dementia care professor, adds that travel helps patients build confidence, trigger memories, and gain independence, serving as a valuable addition to non-drug treatments by offering emotional and social benefits. Around the world, countries are introducing creative programs to make travel more accessible for people with dementia. In Western Australia, over 20 venues host “memory café” events, where patients socialize over morning tea. Near Melbourne, Australia’s first dementia-friendly sensory path winds through a forest. These diverse efforts collectively represent a growing global trend. By focusing on the unique needs of dementia patients, these actions not only enhance the travel experience for this community but also set an example for more friendly and caring tourism worldwide. In years to come, aged care experts hope people like Scott and Jill Cooper can holiday with greater case, creating memories from travel, no matter how long they last. 1．Why is Scott Cooper’s story mentioned in the first paragraph? A．To promote his way of life. B．To show his passion for travel. C．To reveal a potential treatment for dementia. D．To reflect his tough condition with dementia. 2．What might benefit patients with dementia during travel according to the study? A．Chatting with locals. B．Recalling fond memories. C．Enjoying favourite foods. D．Admiring familiar scenery. 3．What do the underlined words in Paragraph 3 mean? A．conflicts with B．agrees with C．contrasts with D．deals with 4．What can we know about the dementia-friendly travel programs? A．They make it accessible to travel in Australia. B．They meet dementia patients’ medication needs. C．They improve travel experience and global tourism. D．They help dementia patients create long-term memories. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了旅行对痴呆症患者的益处，包括认知和感官刺激、增强信心等，同时提到全球各地正推出相关创意项目，以方便痴呆症患者旅行，体现了对这一群体的关怀。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Scott Cooper is a 66-ycar-old Australian with dementia (痴呆症). Every day, he struggles with forgetting where he puts his keys and sometimes can’t even recognize the faces of his dearest friends. But he refuses to let this tough condition stop him from exploring the world! He and his wife Jill take regular trips — twice a year. (Scott Cooper是一位66岁的澳大利亚痴呆症患者。每天，他都在努力回忆自己把钥匙放在哪里，有时甚至认不出最亲密朋友的面孔。但他拒绝让这种艰难的状况阻止他探索世界！他和妻子Jill定期旅行 —— 一年两次。)”以及第二段中“However, a recent study interviewing over a hundred dementia patients in China, reveals that travel can significantly benefit these patients. (然而，最近一项对中国100多名痴呆症患者的采访研究表明，旅行对这些患者有显著益处。)”可知，第一段提到Scott Cooper的故事是为了通过他的经历来引出旅行可能对痴呆症患者有益这一话题，即揭示了一种潜在的治疗痴呆症的方法（通过旅行）。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The new sights, smells, tastes, and social interactions during travel offer crucial cognitive and sensory stimulation. (旅行中的新景象、新气味、新味道和社交互动提供了至关重要的认知和感官刺激。)”可知，与当地人聊天属于社交互动，这可能会让痴呆症患者在旅行中受益。故选A项。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的“According to Jun Wen, a tourism lecturer at Edith Cowan University and researcher, the expectation and planning in tourism stimulate brain function. (伊迪斯科文大学的旅游讲师兼研究员Jun Wen表示，旅游业中的期望和规划能刺激大脑功能。)”以划线词后面的“dementia treatment plans (痴呆症治疗方案)”可知，这种旅行中的锻炼（即期望和规划）与痴呆症治疗方案的目标是一致的，都是为了刺激大脑功能，帮助患者。由此推知，画线词aligns with与agrees with意思相近，表示“与……一致”。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“These diverse efforts collectively represent a growing global trend. By focusing on the unique needs of dementia patients, these actions not only enhance the travel experience for this community but also set an example for more friendly and caring tourism worldwide. (这些多样化的努力共同代表了一种日益增长的全球趋势。通过关注痴呆症患者的独特需求，这些行动不仅改善了这个群体的旅行体验，也为全球更友好、更关怀的旅游业树立了榜样。)”可知，痴呆症友好的旅行项目改善了旅行体验，并为全球旅游业树立了榜样，即改善了全球旅游业。故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·广东佛山·期末）What if someone told you mermaids (美人鱼) were real? Forget the fish tails, we mean women capable of holding their breath for minutes as they dive under the sea many times a day. These are the haenyeo divers of South Korea, a community of women from Jeju Island who have been free-diving to harvest seafood for centuries. Their stories are shared with the world by the US-Korean film-maker Sue Kim, in her film The Last of the Sea Women. The film follows the women going about their grueling work during the harvest season and examines the challenges they face both in and out of the water. They head out to dive at 6 am daily. They hold their breath for a couple of minutes, come back up to the surface and go back down again-about 100 times a session. The risks are big. There is no insurance available for the job, as it’s too dangerous. And now the ocean — and the women’s livelihood — is under threat. Global warming is resulting in less sea life, particularly in shallow water; diving deeper is more difficult without air tanks (罐). Perhaps the bigger threat, though, is from within, with fewer younger women choosing to pursue this difficult profession. A training school was set up in the early 2000s to address the decreasing numbers, but only 5% of those attending go on to become haenyeos. All is not lost, though. The film introduces us to two young women from another island who have gained popularity on social media and point out the flexible hours the job can offer. One of them even started learning to swim at the age of 30 to do the job. “When I look at the haenyeos and how they work together, it just reminds me of the collective work that women are doing everywhere else,” says Sue Kim, “When a girl is watching this documentary, I want her to believe in herself and realize that she can do anything.” 1. What does the underlined word “grueling” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Dull. B. Creative. C. Rewarding. D. Demanding. 2. What is one challenge that haenyeos are facing? A. Lack of pre-job training. B. Low willingness to take the job. C. The high cost of air tanks. D. The decreasing demand for seafood. 3. The author mentions the two young women in paragraph 6 to show ______. A. hope for the profession B. the role of social media C. the influence of the film D. qualifications for the job 4. What could be the best title for the text? A. Haenyeo: An Overlooked Profession B. Women Power: You Can Do Anything C. The Last Sea Women: Courage in the Deep D. Global Warming: A Great Risk for Haenyeos 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了韩国济州岛的海女（haenyeo）这一特殊职业群体。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。该词出现在第三段第一句中，修饰work，用来描述海女人们的工作。又根据第三段第二、三句“They head out to dive at 6 am daily. They hold their breath for a couple of minutes, come back up to the surface and go back down again-about 100 times a session. (他们每天清晨6点出发潜水。每次潜水时，她们需要屏住呼吸几分钟，浮出水面后再次下潜——每场潜水要重复这样的动作约100次。)”可知，收获季节海女们的工作极度耗费体力，这正是对前一句中grueling所描述工作的具体举例，说明这项工作耗费体力，要求严苛。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Perhaps the bigger threat, though, is from within, with fewer younger women choosing to pursue this difficult profession. (然而，更大的威胁可能来自内部，因为选择从事这一艰难职业的年轻女性越来越少。)”可知，海女面临的核心挑战之一是年轻从业者意愿不足。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“Perhaps the bigger threat, though, is from within, with fewer younger women choosing to pursue this difficult profession. (然而，更大的威胁可能来自内部，因为选择从事这一艰难职业的年轻女性越来越少。)”可知，上一段刚讲完年轻从业者不足，第六段就介绍了两位年轻从业女性的例子，又根据最后一段““When I look at the haenyeos and how they work together, it just reminds me of the collective work that women are doing everywhere else,” says Sue Kim, “When a girl is watching this documentary, I want her to believe in herself and realize that she can do anything.” (“当我看到海女们如何协同工作时，这让我想起世界各地女性正在进行的集体劳动，”导演Sue Kim说道，“我希望每个观看这部纪录片的女孩都能相信自己，并意识到她可以成就任何事情”)。”可知，这两位女性的例子旨在展示职业的新希望和可能性。故选A项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。全文围绕海女职业的现状展开：第二段引入海女的传统工作方式，第三段月说明该工作具有挑战，第四、五段分别分析该项工作面临的全球变暖和后继无人的威胁，第六至七段以年轻女性的加入和导演的激励话语点明主题——尽管困难重重，但这一职业仍存希望。选项C既呼应纪录片标题，又概括了海女的勇气与坚持，最能涵盖全文主旨。故选C项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·天津河东·期末）Many people confuse hard-working people with workaholics (工作狂). What are some characteristics of workaholics? How could a person tell that he/ she is a workaholic? A workaholic works long hours, at the expense of personal relationships and health. When not working, they’ re thinking about work. Work influences their mood: When work is going well, they’ re up; when work is going less well, they’ re down. Working, or simply being busy, can be a hard habit to break. When workaholics aren’t busy working — or doing something to promote their work — they feel anxious and guilty. There is a link between health problems and workaholism. Just because work itself is a respectable pursuit (追求) doesn’t mean that an addiction to it is any less damaging than other sorts of addictions. A number of studies show that workaholism has been associated with a wide range of health problems, such as anxiety and heart disease Besides health problems, being a workaholic brings other negative effects as well. A study found that working too much negatively influenced an employee’s marriage. This isn’t surprising,since if you’re married to your work it can be difficult to be married to anything, or anyone, else.There have also been studies looking at the influence of workaholic parents on their children and the news isn’t good. Adult children of workaholic fathers experienced more depression and anxiety and a weaker sense of self. However, there are also many positive aspects to working hard and to an increasing devotion to career. Hard work can bring great rewards. For many, it’s how they develop feelings of self worth and confidence and purpose. If you have a workaholic in your life you might point out the things he or she is missing out on while at work, whether it’s a child’s soccer game, a good book, or a yoga class. Seek to understand why the person feels the need to work so much and support them in finding a resolution. 1．What can we learn from the text? A．Work has stronger effects on workaholics than on others. B．Hard-working people enjoy bester health than other people do. C．Workaholics work to build better relationships. D．Workaholics care more about their hdalth than others do. 2．When workaholics are not busy working, they ________. A．promote their work B．form a bad habit easily C．feel uneasy and insecure D．have a chance to prove their own value 3．What are Paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly about? A．Bad influences of workaholism. B．Different patterns of workaholics. C．How people deal with their addictions. D．How hard-working people differ from workaholics. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards working hard? A．Doubtful. B．Objective. C．Negative. D．Curious. 5．What can we do to help a workaholic in life? A．Force him to join family activities. B．Reward him for his hard work. C．Help him find self worth and confidence. D．Try to be understanding and supporting. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍工作狂的特征、负面影响及努力工作的积极面，还有对工作狂的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Work influences their mood: When work is going well, they’re up; when work is going less well, they’re down.(工作影响他们的情绪：当工作进展顺利时，他们情绪高涨；当工作不太顺利时，他们情绪低落。)”可知，工作对工作狂的影响比对其他人更大。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When workaholics aren’t busy working — or doing something to promote their work — they feel anxious and guilty.(当工作狂不忙于工作——或者做一些促进工作的事情时，他们会感到焦虑和内疚。)”可知，工作狂不忙于工作时，会感到不安和不自在。故选C项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“There is a link between health problems and workaholism.(健康问题和工作狂之间存在联系。)”以及第四段中的“Besides health problems, being a workaholic brings other negative effects as well.(除了健康问题，成为工作狂还会带来其他负面影响。)”可知，这两段主要讲述工作狂的不良影响。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However, there are also many positive aspects to working hard and to an increasing devotion to career. Hard work can bring great rewards.(然而，努力工作和对事业越来越投入也有很多积极的方面。努力工作能带来巨大的回报。)”可知，作者既提到了工作狂的负面影响，也肯定了努力工作的积极面，态度是客观的。故选B项。 5．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“If you have a workaholic in your life you might point out the things he or she is missing out on while at work, whether it’s a child’s soccer game, a good book, or a yoga class. Seek to understand why the person feels the need to work so much and support them in finding a resolution.(如果你生活中有一个工作狂，你可能会指出他或她在工作时错过的事情，无论是孩子的足球比赛、一本好书还是一节瑜伽课。努力理解这个人为什么觉得需要这么努力工作，并支持他们找到解决办法。)”可知，帮助生活中的工作狂，要试着理解并支持他们。故选D项。 Passage 4 (24-25高二下·浙江绍兴·期末)An international research team led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences has uncovered striking evidence of seasonal temperature swings and glacial cyclic activity during the greenhouse period in Earth’s past, offering new insights into today’s climate challenges. The study, published in Science Advances, is the first to reconstruct the history of seasonal variations in sea surface temperatures during a greenhouse Earth period, discovering that during the Early Cretaceous period (139.8-132.9 million years ago), the Earth exhibited significant seasonal temperature variations and periodic melting of polar ice sheets and glaciers. The findings challenge long-held assumptions about stable, ice-free conditions during prehistoric warm eras. In cooperation with institutions in Germany, the United Kingdom and Madagascar, Ding’s team analyzed fossilized oyster shells from the Early Cretaceous period. By examining growth layers in the shells, similar to tree rings, the team reconstructed seasonal sea surface temperatures and identified periodic melting of polar glaciers, even in a world with high-atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration levels. The researchers focused on oysters of the genus Rastellum, whose shells form distinct light and dark bands corresponding to summer and winter growth. By scanning electron microscopy (显微镜) and geochemical analyses, the team extracted seasonal temperature data. It’s revealed that winter temperatures in the Southern Hemisphere’s mid-latitudes were 10 to 15 C lower than summers during a cooling phase known as the Weissert Event — comparable to modern seasonal swings, according to the research team. The team linked brief glacial pulses to volcanic activity from the Parana-Etendeka eruptions and shifts in Earth’s orbit. “This research cracks open a new window into Earth’s climate past, revealing hidden rhythms beneath the greenhouse facade (表象),” said Andreas Mulch, a co-author. The study, supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and CAS programs, underscores the urgency of understanding climate complexity to forecast future extremes, Ding said. 1．What is the main discovery of the study published in Science Advances? A．The accelerated polar ice melting. B．A steady ice-free state of the Earth. C．The growth layers of fossilized shells. D．The seasonal sea surface temperature swings. 2．What contributed to glacial pulses during the Weissert Event? A．The change of seasons. B．The volcanic eruptions. C．The moon’s orbital motion. D．The global emissions of CO2. 3．What can be inferred about the significance of this study? A．It aids in predicting future extremes. B．It recreates the history of climate change. C．It provides new insights into ocean research. D．It offers a comprehensive study of climate. 4．What is the best title for this article? A．Climate Complexity Needs More Investigation B．New Study Denies the Past Greenhouse Climate C．Fossil Shells Unveil Ancient Seasonal Climate Secrets D．Seasonal Temperature Swings Causes Life Extinctions 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 【来源】浙江省绍兴市2024-2025学年高二下学期期末调测英语试卷 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国科学院领导的团队发现白垩纪早期温室期有季节性温度波动和冰川周期性活动，为应对当前气候挑战提供新视角。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The study, published in Science Advances, is the first to reconstruct the history of seasonal variations in sea surface temperatures during a greenhouse Earth period, discovering that during the Early Cretaceous period (139.8-132.9 million years ago), the Earth exhibited significant seasonal temperature variations and periodic melting of polar ice sheets and glaciers.(这项发表在《科学进展》上的研究首次重建了温室地球时期海面温度季节性变化的历史，发现早白垩世时期（1.398 亿至 1.329 亿年前），地球出现了显著的季节性温度变化以及极地冰盖和冰川的周期性融化)”可知，发表在《科学进展》杂志上的这项研究的主要发现是季节性海面温度的变化。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It’s revealed that winter temperatures in the Southern Hemisphere’s mid-latitudes were 10 to 15 C lower than summers during a cooling phase known as the Weissert Event — comparable to modern seasonal swings, according to the research team. The team linked brief glacial pulses to volcanic activity from the Parana-Etendeka eruptions and shifts in Earth’s orbit.(研究团队指出，在被称为“韦塞特事件”的降温阶段，南半球中纬度地区的冬季气温比夏季低10至15摄氏度——这与现代的季节变化情况相当。该团队将短暂的冰川脉冲与帕拉纳-埃滕德卡火山喷发以及地球轨道的变化联系了起来)”可知，在韦塞特事件期间出现冰川脉动的原因是火山喷发。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The study, supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and CAS programs, underscores the urgency of understanding climate complexity to forecast future extremes, Ding said.(丁教授表示，这项由中国国家自然科学基金和中国科学院项目资助的研究强调了理解气候复杂性对于预测未来极端情况的紧迫性)”可知，这项研究有助于预测未来的极端情况。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“An international research team led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences has uncovered striking evidence of seasonal temperature swings and glacial cyclic activity during the greenhouse period in Earth’s past, offering new insights into today’s climate challenges.(由中国科学院领导的一个国际研究团队发现了地球过去在温室时期存在季节性温度变化和冰川周期性活动的惊人证据，为当今的气候挑战提供了新的见解)”并结合全文可知，文章主要说明了中国科学院领导的团队发现白垩纪早期温室期有季节性温度波动和冰川周期性活动，为应对当前气候挑战提供新视角。可知，C选项“动物化石壳揭示了古代季节性气候的秘密”最符合文章标题。故选C。 Passage 5 （24-25高二下·合肥六校联盟·期末）Many of us have heard of or seen My Fair Lady (1964), a classic movie starring British actress Audrey Hepburn. The film is an adaptation of Pygmalion, a comic play by the Irishman George Bernard Shaw(1856-1950). However, the musical version of My Fair Lady is even older, and has been entertaining audiences since 1956. In fact, a new Broadway version of the musical was nominated for 10 Tony awards. The story of Eliza Doolittle, a working-class flower seller from London, and the snobbish (势利的) Professor Higgins, who teaches her “proper English”, has never showed any signs of dying out since it was introduced. But why do people still line up around the block for tickets when a new production of the play is announced? The answer is simple: The musical has a wonderful story. Everyone can identify with Doolittle’s desire to live a more satisfying life; all she wants is to get rid of her accent so she can get a job in a store and not on the streets. However, it seems that people like Higgin s are always looking down on Doolittle for not being from a fancy family. Besides Doolittle’s background, the story and the songs in the music al are also what make it so popular. Audience members are moved when Eliza and her fellow flower sellers imagine what it’d be like to live as a rich person does. This is perfectly summed up in the lyric (歌词),“Wouldn’t it be lovely?” The musical also makes people think. It doesn’t make sense that one kind of accent can be considered good and another bad. Eliza and her father speak “badly” because they were born poor, while Higgins speaks “proper English” because he was born a “gentleman”. That reflects the unfairness of class divisions — a kind of unfairness that still sadly exists today. 1．The underlined word “nominated” in paragraph 2 can be replaced by _________. A．Appointed. B．Selected. C．Suggested. D．Directed. 2．Why do people like Broadway’s musical My Fair Lady? A．People can relate to Doolittle’s experiences. B．It’s considered the best adaptation of Pygmalion. C．It has won 10 Tony awards since its appearance. D．People have a good chance to learn proper English. 3．What message does My Fair Lady convey? A．People from poor families can hardly be successful. B．Women’s status has been greatly improved in the UK. C．Social class division is deeply rooted in British society. D．One’s language ability and manner are the key to success. 4．What can we know about the story of the musical? A．Higgins was described as a kindhearted man. B．Eliza was born poor but fought for a better life. C．Higgins and Eliza became friends after they first met. D．Eliza finally changed Higgins` prejudice against the poor. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了广受观众喜欢的音乐剧《窈窕淑女》，分析了人们喜爱它的原因。 1．词句猜测题。根据上文“However, the musical version of My Fair Lady is even older, and has been entertaining audiences since 1956.(然而，《窈窕淑女》音乐版年龄更大，自1956年以来一直在娱乐观众)”，因此推断这部音乐剧很受观众欢迎，划线句句意“事实上，这部音乐剧的一个新百老汇版本获得了10项托尼奖的nominated。”说明这部音乐剧的成功，获得了许多奖项的提名，因此划线词词义与C项“推荐；提名”词义相近。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“The answer is simple: The musical has a wonderful story. Everyone can identify with Doolittle’s desire to live a more satisfying life; all she wants is to get rid of her accent so she can get a job in a store and not on the streets.(答案很简单：这部音乐剧有一个精彩的故事。每个人都能认同杜立特希望过更满意的生活的愿望;她只是想改掉自己的口音，这样她就能在商店里找份工作，而不是在街上流浪)”可推断，人们喜欢百老汇音乐剧《窈窕淑女》主要因为人们可以理解杜立特的经历。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“That reflects the unfairness of class divisions — a kind of unfairness that still sadly exists today.(这反映了阶级划分的不公平——一种至今仍然悲哀地存在的不公平)”可知，《窈窕淑女》传递了一种信息：社会阶级划分深植于英国社会。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段“Everyone can identify with Doolittle’s desire to live a more satisfying life; all she wants is to get rid of her accent so she can get a job in a store and not on the streets. (每个人都能认同杜立特希望过更满意的生活的愿望；她只是想改掉自己的口音，这样她就能在商店里找份工作，而不是在街上流浪)”以及最后一段的“Eliza and her father speak “badly” because they were born poor, while Higgins speaks “proper English” because he was born a “gentleman”.(伊丽莎和她的父亲说得“不好”，因为他们出身贫寒，而希金斯说得“得体”，因为他出身“绅士”)”可知，伊丽莎生来很穷，但却在为更好的生活而奋斗。故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解说明文（期末复习专项训练） Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·上海市建平中学·期末）The teacher starts with the basics: how to thread a needle. Then she shows the students how to mend a torn shirt. The sewing class is part of a free, one-day course at Austin Community College (ACC) called “Adulting 101”. The students range in age from their late teens to mid-40s. Such programmes are designed to help people “navigate adulthood”, even those who, legally and practically, have been navigating it for quite some time. The topics run from basic — how to dress appropriately for a job interview — to advanced, such as how to file income taxes. Raffi Grinberg created “Adulting 101” at Boston College, which was inspired by his first day working at Bain& Company. He and his peers had to decide which health-insurance plan to choose, how much of his salary to devote to saving for retirement, and other financial details. “Every one of us went out and called our parents,” he admits. “We were graduates of elite schools, and we still didn’t know what to do.” The rise in need for adulting classes reflects, in part, the changing nature of childhood and adolescence, which have grown more digital and less physical. American teens spend up to nine hours each day on screens. TikTok and YouTube do offer handy tutorials on all manner of household chores. But most young users of these platforms are more interested in dancing than dishwashers. In Infantilised: How Our Culture Killed Adulthood, Keith Hayward argued that there has been a generational shift and that young people are less mature than their forebears were at the same age. They are shrinking from responsibilities such as marriage, homeowning, and child-rearing because “adulting is hard”. He adds that young people today are also less interested in what their elders have to offer: “Parents and grandparents are seen as idiots who can’t work the Wi-Fi.” If parents are not providing advice on life’s many essential tasks, “You’re left with these classes picking up the slack.” Such perspectives may ring true. But young people are remaining in education for longer, meaning that financial independence, partners, and children necessarily come later. And adulting is, in fact, hard. The world is more complex than it was. Take financial decisions. People opening their first bank account have to choose between a main-street branch and an array of online banks and bank-like institutions. Many will see adulting classes as proof of youngsters’ delayed maturity. But indulged children do not acknowledge the gaps in their knowledge and try to fill them. Only a grown-up would willingly spend precious free time doing something as dull as learning how to mend a shirt. 1．If you were to design an “Adulting 101” course based on what you’ve learned from this passage, which of the following topics would be most suitable? A．Learning Spanish with ChatGPT B．Modern literature appreciation C．Financial literacy after graduation D．Navigating the mechanism behind Tik Tok 2．What does the author mean by saying “You’re left with these classes picking up the slack.” A．These classes make up for the absence of parental guidance. B．These classes are more feasible than parental suggestions. C．The courses can offer knowledge beyond daily skills. D．The role of parental advice is no longer crucial because of these courses. 3．It can be inferred from the passage that ________. A．parents nowadays are incapable of offering useful life advice B．young people consider life skills less necessary in the digital age C．a lack of meaning content online is to blame for delayed adulthood D．social changes better explain delayed adulthood than personal failings 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the adulting courses? A．They help adults identify and bridge their knowledge gap. B．They arise and popularize for justifiable reasons. C．They are a worrisome reflection of generational failure. D．They reflect the drawbacks of family and school education. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·上海市浦东新区·期末）Amid all the excitement, surprise, and anxiety over China’s DeepSeek R1 AI model, I want to make a point: To many young Americans, DeepSeek is cool. They see the Chinese internet as fascinating. How did this happen? First, Chinese products and services have an increasing charm and originality. I am not a keen TikTok user, but it has a magnetic presence that no US video site can match since more than half of all Americans are active TikTok users. TikTok was shut down earlier in January this year, and the site faces uncertainty. So America’s internet youth flocked to a Chinese video site called RedNote, also known as Xiaohongshu. RedNote has more than 300million users in China, but until recently barely received attention in the US. And when young Americans visited RedNote, they were struck by an obvious fact: It is not the kind of site their parents would frequent. The opening page is full of Chinese characters and many images that, at least to me, an old American, make no sense. Yet Chinese and American youth interact frequently there, for example trading tips for making steamed eggs properly. As for the AI large-language models, DeepSeek is a marvel. Of all the LLMs, I find it the most fun to chat with. Its written answers can be moody and playful. Certainly this week DeepSeek was the top download on Apple’s app store. Another possible reason for the rise of China into the ranks of cultural coolness is the lack of competitors. Not so long ago, it was common for a typical American teenager to develop a passion for Europe, which was seen as more intellectual, more artistic, more “cultured”. Today Europe has lost some of its romantic appeal. Besides, it is true that anything your parents thought was cool when they were your age, you don’t. While the differences between American and Chinese cultures are obvious, both Americans and Chinese are friendly, open, forward-looking, and business-friendly. The cultural gap is by no means unbridgeable. China has the talent, scale, and resources to create online experiences that will appeal to Americans. Undoubtedly, China has gained an advantage-not only in technology, but also in liveliness. 5．Why does the author mention “more than half of all Americans are active TikTok users” in para.2? A．To prove that he has resisted the temptation of TikTok. B．To indicate that TikTok should spend more on advertising. C．To highlight that TikTok has a strong appeal to most Americans. D．To suggest that other US video sites learn from TikTok’s marketing strategies. 6．The author describes his encounter with RedNote to show ______. A．that RedNote has a confusing and unrealistice layout B．why RedNote doesn’t really appeal to older Americans C．that RedNote is too complex for older people to operate D．how RedNote uses its new features to catch users’ attention 7．What is the author’s attitude towards Chinese internet products and services? A．They are completely unappealing and worthless. B．They have some charm but lack innovation. C．Their charm and originality are on the rise. D．It’s hard to understand their popularity among the youth. 8．Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to the coolness of China’s internet? A．European culture has lost all its appeal to American youth. B．DeepSeek is a wise and humorous companion when chatting. C．Chinese online products and services boast an innovative and unique style. D．Young Americans’ parents think China’s internet shape their children’s views. Passage 3 （24-25高二下·上海市徐汇区·期末）Time travel is a classic theme in science fiction, appearing in everything from Doctor Who to Edge of Tomorrow. Whether through a time machine or mysterious ancient stones, altering the past often creates chaos — changing timelines, erasing key events, or trapping characters in endless loops. Movies like Groundhog Day and Palm Springs play with these ideas, making us wonder: How would we escape such a fate? Memory loss is another favorite sci-fi theme. A hero who can’t remember anything instantly creates mystery — why? What are they hiding? Selective amnesia (健忘症) deepens the intrigue (阴谋、诡计) while keeping readers and characters on the same page. Stories like Memento and Inception explore identity: Who are we without our memories? Nicholas Binge’s Dissolution masterfully combines time travel and memory into a gripping thriller (惊悚片). The protagonist (主角), Maggie, is an elderly woman facing loneliness — her husband, Stanley, no longer recognizes her, and her estranged son avoids her. Then a stranger, Hassan, claims Stanley’s memories are being stolen. The story unfolds through interview transcripts and flashbacks, creating a complex puzzle reminiscent (回忆者) of Memento. Binge’s clever writing keeps you hooked, and with a film adaptation already in the works, this is a must-read for sci-fi fans. For something shorter but equally intriguing, Olivia Waite’s Murder by Memory offers a cozy yet futuristic mystery. Ship detective Dorothy Gentleman wakes up in someone else’s body to find that a killer is erasing victims’ stored memories — ensuring they stay dead. The novella is fast-paced and fun, perfect for readers who love sci-fi crime. Though brief, it’s the start of a promising series, and hopefully, future installments will be bundled into a longer collection. If you enjoy mind-bending plots about time and memory, these two books are excellent choices — one a layered thriller, the other a quick but clever whodunit. Happy reading! 9．What is a common consequence of time travel in science fiction stories? A．Characters gain supernatural abilities. B．Historical accuracy is exactly preserved. C．Societies achieve Utopian perfection. D．Timelines are disrupted, leading to repeated or erased events. 10．How does selective memory loss enhance a story’s narrative? A．It eliminates the need for character development. B．It allows the protagonist to outsmart others easily. C．It creates shared uncertainty between the character and reader. D．It focuses the plot entirely on action sequences. 11．What challenges does the protagonist of Dissolution face? A．Isolation from family and her husband’s fading memory. B．A high-stakes political conspiracy. C．A dangerous journey through physical realms. D．A career-threatening professional mistake. 12．What unique element defines the murders in Murder by Memory? A．Victims’ stored memories are destroyed, preventing rebirth. B．The killer uses futuristic technology to hide their identity. C．The crimes occur in a virtual reality simulation. D．The detective possesses supernatural powers. 13．According to the author, what unites the two recommended books? A．Both are lengthy novels with intricate world-building. B．They blend themes of identity and futuristic technology. C．They cater to fans of twisty, thought-provoking narratives. D．Both focus on historical events reimagined through sci-fi. Passage 1 （2025高二下·湖南岳阳·期末）Scott Cooper is a 66-ycar-old Australian with dementia (痴呆症). Every day, he struggles with forgetting where he puts his keys and sometimes can’t even recognize the faces of his dearest friends. But he refuses to let this tough condition stop him from exploring the world! He and his wife Jill take regular trips — twice a year. “Traveling helps me keep enjoying life,” Scott said. “Although it can be tiring sometimes, these new experiences make my mind and body active.” Scientists predict that by 2050, around 153 million people globally will suffer from dementia. However, a recent study interviewing over a hundred dementia patients in China, reveals that travel can significantly benefit these patients. The new sights, smells, tastes, and social interactions during travel offer crucial cognitive and sensory stimulation. According to Jun Wen, a tourism lecturer at Edith Cowan University and researcher, the expectation and planning in tourism stimulate brain function. Meanwhile, the exercise often aligns with dementia treatment plans. Warren Harding, a dementia care professor, adds that travel helps patients build confidence, trigger memories, and gain independence, serving as a valuable addition to non-drug treatments by offering emotional and social benefits. Around the world, countries are introducing creative programs to make travel more accessible for people with dementia. In Western Australia, over 20 venues host “memory café” events, where patients socialize over morning tea. Near Melbourne, Australia’s first dementia-friendly sensory path winds through a forest. These diverse efforts collectively represent a growing global trend. By focusing on the unique needs of dementia patients, these actions not only enhance the travel experience for this community but also set an example for more friendly and caring tourism worldwide. In years to come, aged care experts hope people like Scott and Jill Cooper can holiday with greater case, creating memories from travel, no matter how long they last. 1．Why is Scott Cooper’s story mentioned in the first paragraph? A．To promote his way of life. B．To show his passion for travel. C．To reveal a potential treatment for dementia. D．To reflect his tough condition with dementia. 2．What might benefit patients with dementia during travel according to the study? A．Chatting with locals. B．Recalling fond memories. C．Enjoying favourite foods. D．Admiring familiar scenery. 3．What do the underlined words in Paragraph 3 mean? A．conflicts with B．agrees with C．contrasts with D．deals with 4．What can we know about the dementia-friendly travel programs? A．They make it accessible to travel in Australia. B．They meet dementia patients’ medication needs. C．They improve travel experience and global tourism. D．They help dementia patients create long-term memories. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·广东佛山·期末）What if someone told you mermaids (美人鱼) were real? Forget the fish tails, we mean women capable of holding their breath for minutes as they dive under the sea many times a day. These are the haenyeo divers of South Korea, a community of women from Jeju Island who have been free-diving to harvest seafood for centuries. Their stories are shared with the world by the US-Korean film-maker Sue Kim, in her film The Last of the Sea Women. The film follows the women going about their grueling work during the harvest season and examines the challenges they face both in and out of the water. They head out to dive at 6 am daily. They hold their breath for a couple of minutes, come back up to the surface and go back down again-about 100 times a session. The risks are big. There is no insurance available for the job, as it’s too dangerous. And now the ocean — and the women’s livelihood — is under threat. Global warming is resulting in less sea life, particularly in shallow water; diving deeper is more difficult without air tanks (罐). Perhaps the bigger threat, though, is from within, with fewer younger women choosing to pursue this difficult profession. A training school was set up in the early 2000s to address the decreasing numbers, but only 5% of those attending go on to become haenyeos. All is not lost, though. The film introduces us to two young women from another island who have gained popularity on social media and point out the flexible hours the job can offer. One of them even started learning to swim at the age of 30 to do the job. “When I look at the haenyeos and how they work together, it just reminds me of the collective work that women are doing everywhere else,” says Sue Kim, “When a girl is watching this documentary, I want her to believe in herself and realize that she can do anything.” 1. What does the underlined word “grueling” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Dull. B. Creative. C. Rewarding. D. Demanding. 2. What is one challenge that haenyeos are facing? A. Lack of pre-job training. B. Low willingness to take the job. C. The high cost of air tanks. D. The decreasing demand for seafood. 3. The author mentions the two young women in paragraph 6 to show ______. A. hope for the profession B. the role of social media C. the influence of the film D. qualifications for the job 4. What could be the best title for the text? A. Haenyeo: An Overlooked Profession B. Women Power: You Can Do Anything C. The Last Sea Women: Courage in the Deep D. Global Warming: A Great Risk for Haenyeos Passage 3 （24-25高二下·天津河东·期末）Many people confuse hard-working people with workaholics (工作狂). What are some characteristics of workaholics? How could a person tell that he/ she is a workaholic? A workaholic works long hours, at the expense of personal relationships and health. When not working, they’ re thinking about work. Work influences their mood: When work is going well, they’ re up; when work is going less well, they’ re down. Working, or simply being busy, can be a hard habit to break. When workaholics aren’t busy working — or doing something to promote their work — they feel anxious and guilty. There is a link between health problems and workaholism. Just because work itself is a respectable pursuit (追求) doesn’t mean that an addiction to it is any less damaging than other sorts of addictions. A number of studies show that workaholism has been associated with a wide range of health problems, such as anxiety and heart disease Besides health problems, being a workaholic brings other negative effects as well. A study found that working too much negatively influenced an employee’s marriage. This isn’t surprising,since if you’re married to your work it can be difficult to be married to anything, or anyone, else.There have also been studies looking at the influence of workaholic parents on their children and the news isn’t good. Adult children of workaholic fathers experienced more depression and anxiety and a weaker sense of self. However, there are also many positive aspects to working hard and to an increasing devotion to career. Hard work can bring great rewards. For many, it’s how they develop feelings of self worth and confidence and purpose. If you have a workaholic in your life you might point out the things he or she is missing out on while at work, whether it’s a child’s soccer game, a good book, or a yoga class. Seek to understand why the person feels the need to work so much and support them in finding a resolution. 1．What can we learn from the text? A．Work has stronger effects on workaholics than on others. B．Hard-working people enjoy bester health than other people do. C．Workaholics work to build better relationships. D．Workaholics care more about their hdalth than others do. 2．When workaholics are not busy working, they ________. A．promote their work B．form a bad habit easily C．feel uneasy and insecure D．have a chance to prove their own value 3．What are Paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly about? A．Bad influences of workaholism. B．Different patterns of workaholics. C．How people deal with their addictions. D．How hard-working people differ from workaholics. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards working hard? A．Doubtful. B．Objective. C．Negative. D．Curious. 5．What can we do to help a workaholic in life? A．Force him to join family activities. B．Reward him for his hard work. C．Help him find self worth and confidence. D．Try to be understanding and supporting. Passage 4 (24-25高二下·浙江绍兴·期末)An international research team led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences has uncovered striking evidence of seasonal temperature swings and glacial cyclic activity during the greenhouse period in Earth’s past, offering new insights into today’s climate challenges. The study, published in Science Advances, is the first to reconstruct the history of seasonal variations in sea surface temperatures during a greenhouse Earth period, discovering that during the Early Cretaceous period (139.8-132.9 million years ago), the Earth exhibited significant seasonal temperature variations and periodic melting of polar ice sheets and glaciers. The findings challenge long-held assumptions about stable, ice-free conditions during prehistoric warm eras. In cooperation with institutions in Germany, the United Kingdom and Madagascar, Ding’s team analyzed fossilized oyster shells from the Early Cretaceous period. By examining growth layers in the shells, similar to tree rings, the team reconstructed seasonal sea surface temperatures and identified periodic melting of polar glaciers, even in a world with high-atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration levels. The researchers focused on oysters of the genus Rastellum, whose shells form distinct light and dark bands corresponding to summer and winter growth. By scanning electron microscopy (显微镜) and geochemical analyses, the team extracted seasonal temperature data. It’s revealed that winter temperatures in the Southern Hemisphere’s mid-latitudes were 10 to 15 C lower than summers during a cooling phase known as the Weissert Event — comparable to modern seasonal swings, according to the research team. The team linked brief glacial pulses to volcanic activity from the Parana-Etendeka eruptions and shifts in Earth’s orbit. “This research cracks open a new window into Earth’s climate past, revealing hidden rhythms beneath the greenhouse facade (表象),” said Andreas Mulch, a co-author. The study, supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and CAS programs, underscores the urgency of understanding climate complexity to forecast future extremes, Ding said. 1．What is the main discovery of the study published in Science Advances? A．The accelerated polar ice melting. B．A steady ice-free state of the Earth. C．The growth layers of fossilized shells. D．The seasonal sea surface temperature swings. 2．What contributed to glacial pulses during the Weissert Event? A．The change of seasons. B．The volcanic eruptions. C．The moon’s orbital motion. D．The global emissions of CO2. 3．What can be inferred about the significance of this study? A．It aids in predicting future extremes. B．It recreates the history of climate change. C．It provides new insights into ocean research. D．It offers a comprehensive study of climate. 4．What is the best title for this article? A．Climate Complexity Needs More Investigation B．New Study Denies the Past Greenhouse Climate C．Fossil Shells Unveil Ancient Seasonal Climate Secrets D．Seasonal Temperature Swings Causes Life Extinctions Passage 5 （24-25高二下·合肥六校联盟·期末）Many of us have heard of or seen My Fair Lady (1964), a classic movie starring British actress Audrey Hepburn. The film is an adaptation of Pygmalion, a comic play by the Irishman George Bernard Shaw(1856-1950). However, the musical version of My Fair Lady is even older, and has been entertaining audiences since 1956. In fact, a new Broadway version of the musical was nominated for 10 Tony awards. The story of Eliza Doolittle, a working-class flower seller from London, and the snobbish (势利的) Professor Higgins, who teaches her “proper English”, has never showed any signs of dying out since it was introduced. But why do people still line up around the block for tickets when a new production of the play is announced? The answer is simple: The musical has a wonderful story. Everyone can identify with Doolittle’s desire to live a more satisfying life; all she wants is to get rid of her accent so she can get a job in a store and not on the streets. However, it seems that people like Higgin s are always looking down on Doolittle for not being from a fancy family. Besides Doolittle’s background, the story and the songs in the music al are also what make it so popular. Audience members are moved when Eliza and her fellow flower sellers imagine what it’d be like to live as a rich person does. This is perfectly summed up in the lyric (歌词),“Wouldn’t it be lovely?” The musical also makes people think. It doesn’t make sense that one kind of accent can be considered good and another bad. Eliza and her father speak “badly” because they were born poor, while Higgins speaks “proper English” because he was born a “gentleman”. That reflects the unfairness of class divisions — a kind of unfairness that still sadly exists today. 1．The underlined word “nominated” in paragraph 2 can be replaced by _________. A．Appointed. B．Selected. C．Suggested. D．Directed. 2．Why do people like Broadway’s musical My Fair Lady? A．People can relate to Doolittle’s experiences. B．It’s considered the best adaptation of Pygmalion. C．It has won 10 Tony awards since its appearance. D．People have a good chance to learn proper English. 3．What message does My Fair Lady convey? A．People from poor families can hardly be successful. B．Women’s status has been greatly improved in the UK. C．Social class division is deeply rooted in British society. D．One’s language ability and manner are the key to success. 4．What can we know about the story of the musical? A．Higgins was described as a kindhearted man. B．Eliza was born poor but fought for a better life. C．Higgins and Eliza became friends after they first met. D．Eliza finally changed Higgins` prejudice against the poor. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了广受观众喜欢的音乐剧《窈窕淑女》，分析了人们喜爱它的原因。 1．词句猜测题。根据上文“However, the musical version of My Fair Lady is even older, and has been entertaining audiences since 1956.(然而，《窈窕淑女》音乐版年龄更大，自1956年以来一直在娱乐观众)”，因此推断这部音乐剧很受观众欢迎，划线句句意“事实上，这部音乐剧的一个新百老汇版本获得了10项托尼奖的nominated。”说明这部音乐剧的成功，获得了许多奖项的提名，因此划线词词义与C项“推荐；提名”词义相近。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“The answer is simple: The musical has a wonderful story. Everyone can identify with Doolittle’s desire to live a more satisfying life; all she wants is to get rid of her accent so she can get a job in a store and not on the streets.(答案很简单：这部音乐剧有一个精彩的故事。每个人都能认同杜立特希望过更满意的生活的愿望;她只是想改掉自己的口音，这样她就能在商店里找份工作，而不是在街上流浪)”可推断，人们喜欢百老汇音乐剧《窈窕淑女》主要因为人们可以理解杜立特的经历。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“That reflects the unfairness of class divisions — a kind of unfairness that still sadly exists today.(这反映了阶级划分的不公平——一种至今仍然悲哀地存在的不公平)”可知，《窈窕淑女》传递了一种信息：社会阶级划分深植于英国社会。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段“Everyone can identify with Doolittle’s desire to live a more satisfying life; all she wants is to get rid of her accent so she can get a job in a store and not on the streets. (每个人都能认同杜立特希望过更满意的生活的愿望；她只是想改掉自己的口音，这样她就能在商店里找份工作，而不是在街上流浪)”以及最后一段的“Eliza and her father speak “badly” because they were born poor, while Higgins speaks “proper English” because he was born a “gentleman”.(伊丽莎和她的父亲说得“不好”，因为他们出身贫寒，而希金斯说得“得体”，因为他出身“绅士”)”可知，伊丽莎生来很穷，但却在为更好的生活而奋斗。故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解说明文（期末复习专项训练） Passage 1 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B Passage 2 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．D Passage 3 9．D 10．C 11．A 12．A 13．C Passage 1 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C Passage 2 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C Passage 3 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D Passage 4 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C Passage 5 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $