专题02 Units 4～5（语法综合练）英语新教材沪教版五四学制六年级下册

**基本信息** 聚焦Units 4~5语法综合，通过多样题型构建“基础句型-词形转换-语篇应用”的逻辑链，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|20题|语法点辨析（there be/it用法、非谓语等）|从基础句型（there be）到it多功能指代，再到非谓语动词应用，形成语法网络| |单词拼写|20题|词形转换（名/形/副词等及时态）|基于词根（locate）拓展词性（location），结合比较级/时态考查词形变化规则| |短文填空|2篇|语篇语境中语法应用（词性转换、连词等）|通过地理气候主题语篇，整合形容词比较级、被动语态等语法点，体现知识迁移|

专题02 Units 4~5（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、单项选择 1．There ________ a lot of green trees in our neighborhood. A．is B．are C．have D．has 2．We need ________ more environmental classes. A．have B．has C．to have D．having 3．My sister often uses old clothes ________ cloth bags. A．make B．makes C．to make D．making 4．We shouldn’t ________ electricity in our daily life. A．waste B．wastes C．wasted D．wasting 5．A new recycling centre ________ in our neighbourhood next month. A．builds B．has built C．is built D．will be built 6．Tom would rather ________ his old bike than buy a new one. A．repair B．repairing C．to repair D．repairs 7．—________ do you take public transport to work? —Every day. A．How long B．How soon C．How much D．How often 8．________ environment report shows that our neighbourhood has become much greener. A．A B．The C．/ 9．There are different ways to save energy, but ________ of them is as effective as using low-energy light bulbs. A．all B．none C．most D．many 10．I saw my neighbour ________ old clothes into the recycling bin when I came back home. A．put B．to put C．puts D．putting 11．_________ careless of you to make lots of mistakes. A．That’s B．It’s C．It D．Is 12．It’s time ________ you ________ hard . A．for; to study B．of; studying C．to; study 13．It’s five o’clock and it’s time ________ home. A．go B．going C．to go D．to go to 14．In Sanya, ________ is warm in January, but in Harbin, ________ is very cold. A．there; there B．it; it C．there; it D．it; there 15．—What season is it now? —________ is spring, and the flowers are coming out. A．There B．It C．This D．These 16．There ________ a lot of dark clouds in the sky, and ________ is going to rain soon. A．is; there B．are; there C．are; it D．is; it 17．It is exciting ________ the first snow of the year. A．watch B．watched C．to watch D．watching 18．It is a good idea ________ an umbrella in spring. A．take B．takes C．taking D．to take 19．________ will be 32°C this afternoon, so remember to drink more water. A．There B．He C．It D．This 20．—What’s the weather like in Beijing today? —________ is cloudy and cool. A．It B．There C．This D．That 二、单词拼写 21．Mr Chen wants to know the _________ of the international airport. (locate) 22．The temperature of Harbin will drop to minus 20 _________ Celsius next week. (degree) 23．The weather ________ (be) fine tomorrow. 24．After the rain, his cold got ________ than before. (bad) 25．They found the exact ________ of the treasure. (locate) 26．The ________ from the sun made me sweat. (hot) 27．It’s too ________ to see the road clearly. (fog) 28．The temperature ________ (reach) 40°C in the UK last summer. 29．It is interesting ________ (go) hiking on warm spring days. 30．We should stop ________ (cut) down forests to protect the climate. 31．The whales are ________ (huge). They live in the sea. 32．The children are ________ (excite) about the coming trip to the zoo. 33．Using ________ (recycle) materials helps protect the environment. 34．Our teacher gave an ________ (encourage) speech about saving the planet. 35．It is ________ (comfort) to live in a green neighborhood. 36．The ________ (separate) of the rubbish is helpful for recycling. 37．We should ________ (reduce) the use of plastic bags. 38．Many ________ (plant) are in danger. 39．I live in a quiet ________ (neighbor). 40．The air is ________ (fresh) in the countryside than in the city. 三、短文填空 Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. Have you ever wondered the weather in one of China’s biggest cities? Shanghai, located in the 41 (south) part of China, has interesting but sometimes challenging weather. Because of its geographical 42 (locate), the city has four different seasons, each with its own surprises. Autumn is the most comfortable season. with cool breezes and clear skies. Spring is beautiful too, though the weather changes quickly. In winter, mornings are often 43 (fog), especially near the Huangpu River. The thick fog can cause traffic problems, which makes buses and cars move slower. Sometimes, the cold wind makes the weather feel even 44 (bad) than the temperature shows. Summer in Shanghai can be 45 (extreme) hot. Last year, the city broke a 46 (record) with over 40℃! The terrible heat causes many people to stay 47 (indoor) during the afternoon. Sudden heavy rains often bring relief, but they may lead to flooded streets. Moreover, the airports and train stations may also be 48 (close). No matter the season, Shanghai’s weather is always full of surprises. From windy winter mornings to sunny summer afternoons, the city’s weather keeps life interesting! 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空。请将答案填写在答题纸指定位置。 Madagascar is an island country in Africa. Many people like to come and visit it. They think it is beautiful because of its green forests and many 49 (difference) animals. However, each coin (硬币) has two sides. Madagascar also faces many 50 (problem). Years ago, people in southern Madagascar cut 51 almost all of the trees to clear land for farming. In fact, these trees are very 52 (use). They can help stop strong winds (风). Now, without these trees, people cannot even put seeds (种子) in the ground, 53 winds will blow the seeds away. Another problem is that there 54 (be) no rain falling here for many years. Because of climate (气候) change, it is more difficult to plant crops (农作物). Now more than a million people here are in great need of help. Scientists say that the situation will be even worse in the future. There will be famine (饥荒). Millions of people will have nothing 55 (eat). Madagascar can be the 56 (one) country where famine happens because of climate change. 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Units 4~5（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、单项选择 1．There ________ a lot of green trees in our neighborhood. A．is B．are C．have D．has 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们社区有很多绿色的树。 is是；are是；have有；has有。根据“There…a lot of green trees”可知，该句为there be句型，表示“某地有某物”，不能与have/has连用；又因主语trees是复数，be动词应该用are。故选项B符合。 2．We need ________ more environmental classes. A．have B．has C．to have D．having 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们需要上更多的环境课。 need作实义动词时，后接动词不定式，构成need to do sth.结构，意为“需要做某事”。根据语法结构，need后应接动词不定式作宾语，A、B、D 选项形式不符。 to have符合语境。 3．My sister often uses old clothes ________ cloth bags. A．make B．makes C．to make D．making 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我姐姐经常用旧衣服来做布袋。 make动词原形；makes三单形式；to make动词不定式；making动名词/现在分词。根据“uses old clothes”和“cloth bags”可知，此处为非谓语动词表示目的，应用动词不定式to make。 4．We shouldn’t ________ electricity in our daily life. A．waste B．wastes C．wasted D．wasting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们在日常生活中不应该浪费电。 waste浪费（动词原形）；wastes浪费（动词第三人称单数）；wasted浪费（动词过去式/过去分词）；wasting浪费（动词现在分词/动名词）。shouldn’t是情态动词should的否定形式，后接动词原形。 5．A new recycling centre ________ in our neighbourhood next month. A．builds B．has built C．is built D．will be built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下个月我们社区将会建成一个新的回收中心。 builds建筑，动词单三形式；has built建筑，现在完成时；is built被建造，被动语态；will be built将被建造，一般将来时的被动语态。主语“A new recycling centre”与动词“build”之间是被动关系，需使用被动语态；时间状语“next month”表明是一般将来时，结构为will be+过去分词，所以，此处应为will be built。 6．Tom would rather ________ his old bike than buy a new one. A．repair B．repairing C．to repair D．repairs 【答案】A 【详解】句意：汤姆宁愿修理他的旧自行车也不愿买一辆新的。 repair修理，动词原形；repairing修理，现在分词；to repair修理，动词不定式；repairs修理，第三人称单数。根据固定搭配“would rather do sth. than do sth.宁愿做某事也不愿做某事”可知，would rather后接动词原形。 7．—________ do you take public transport to work? —Every day. A．How long B．How soon C．How much D．How often 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你多久乘坐公共交通上班一次？——每天。 How long多长时间（询问时长）；How soon多久以后（询问将来时间）；How much多少（询问不可数数量或价格）；How often多久一次（询问频率）。根据答句“Every day”可知，询问的是频率，应填How often。 8．________ environment report shows that our neighbourhood has become much greener. A．A B．The C．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这份环境报告显示我们的社区变得更加绿色了。 A 一个；The特指；/ 不填。此处特指关于社区的那份报告，表特指用定冠词The。 9．There are different ways to save energy, but ________ of them is as effective as using low-energy light bulbs. A．all B．none C．most D．many 【答案】B 【详解】句意：有不同的节能方法，但它们中没有一个像使用低能耗灯泡那样有效。 all全部；none没有一个；most大多数；many许多。根据谓语动词“is”为单数形式，排除通常接复数动词的all、most和many；结合连词“but”表示转折，可知此处表示否定意义，强调没有其它方法比灯泡更有效，none符合语法和语境。 10．I saw my neighbour ________ old clothes into the recycling bin when I came back home. A．put B．to put C．puts D．putting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我回家时，我看见我的邻居正在把旧衣服放进回收箱里。 put放；to put去放；puts放；putting正在放。根据“when I came back home”可知，强调的是回家那一刻正在发生的动作，应用现在分词作宾语补足语。 11．_________ careless of you to make lots of mistakes. A．That’s B．It’s C．It D．Is 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你犯了很多错误真是太粗心了。 固定结构“It’s+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.”表示“某人做某事是……的”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。 12．It’s time ________ you ________ hard . A．for; to study B．of; studying C．to; study 【答案】A 【详解】句意：到了你努力学习的时候了。 It’s time for sb. to do sth. 意为“是某人做某事的时候了”。根据该句型结构，第一空需填介词for，第二空需填动词不定式to study。应填for; to study。 13．It’s five o’clock and it’s time ________ home. A．go B．going C．to go D．to go to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：现在五点钟了，是时候回家了。 It’s time to do sth.意为“是时候做某事了”，需用动词不定式，排除 A、B；home是副词，前面不加介词to，排除D。 14．In Sanya, ________ is warm in January, but in Harbin, ________ is very cold. A．there; there B．it; it C．there; it D．it; there 【答案】B 【详解】句意：三亚一月很暖和，但哈尔滨很冷。 前后两空都表示某地天气情况，因此都用 it。 15．—What season is it now? —________ is spring, and the flowers are coming out. A．There B．It C．This D．These 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——现在是什么季节？——现在是春天，花儿正在开放。 问答季节时常用it。答句应为“It is spring.”，表示“现在是春天”。 16．There ________ a lot of dark clouds in the sky, and ________ is going to rain soon. A．is; there B．are; there C．are; it D．is; it 【答案】C 【详解】句意：天空中有很多乌云，很快就要下雨了。 第一个空格前有“There”，且第一空主语是dark clouds，名词复数，需用are；第二空表示天气情况“要下雨了”，要用it。 17．It is exciting ________ the first snow of the year. A．watch B．watched C．to watch D．watching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：观看一年的第一场雪是令人兴奋的。 本句使用了“It is+形容词+to do sth.”的句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语，因此此处应填to watch。 18．It is a good idea ________ an umbrella in spring. A．take B．takes C．taking D．to take 【答案】D 【详解】句意：春天出门带把伞是个好主意。 take携带。句型为“It is a good idea to do sth.”，意为“做某事是个好主意”。用动词不定式，应填to take。 19．________ will be 32°C this afternoon, so remember to drink more water. A．There B．He C．It D．This 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今天下午气温将达到32摄氏度，所以记得多喝些水。 There表示存在；He指代男性；It可以用来指代天气、温度、时间等；This意为这个。原句描述温度，英语中固定用It来指代天气、气温这类自然环境情况，其余选项均不符合用法。 20．—What’s the weather like in Beijing today? —________ is cloudy and cool. A．It B．There C．This D．That 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——今天北京的天气怎么样？——多云而且凉爽。 表示天气状况时，主语要用it。There常和be连用表示“有”；This/That不用于天气表达。 二、单词拼写 21．Mr Chen wants to know the _________ of the international airport. (locate) 【答案】location 【详解】句意：陈先生想知道国际机场的位置。“locate”意为“定位”，此处定冠词“the”后需接名词，“locate”的名词形式是“location”，表示 “位置”，故填location。 22．The temperature of Harbin will drop to minus 20 _________ Celsius next week. (degree) 【答案】degrees 【详解】句意：下周哈尔滨气温将降至零下20摄氏度。degree“度”，可数名词，前面数字20，需用复数形式degrees。 23．The weather ________ (be) fine tomorrow. 【答案】will be 【详解】句意：明天天气会很好。时间状语tomorrow表明句子描述的是未来的情况，因此需要使用一般将来时。 24．After the rain, his cold got ________ than before. (bad) 【答案】worse 【详解】句意：雨后，他的感冒比以前更严重了。“than”提示空格处应填形容词的比较级。所给词“bad”为形容词，意为“坏的、严重的”，其比较级为不规则变化worse。故填worse。 25．They found the exact ________ of the treasure. (locate) 【答案】location 【详解】句意：他们找到了宝藏的确切位置。句中“exact”为形容词，修饰名词，locate的名词形式为location，意为“位置”，故填location。 26．The ________ from the sun made me sweat. (hot) 【答案】heat 【详解】句意：来自太阳的热让我出汗了。空格前有定冠词“The”，提示此处应填名词。所给词“hot”为形容词，其名词形式为“heat”，意为“热”。 27．It’s too ________ to see the road clearly. (fog) 【答案】foggy 【详解】句意：雾太大了，看不清道路。句中为“too...to...”结构，意为“太……而不能……”，其中“too”后接形容词或副词，说明程度。所给词“fog”为名词，意为“雾”，其形容词形式为“foggy”，意为“多雾的”。故填foggy。 28．The temperature ________ (reach) 40°C in the UK last summer. 【答案】reached 【详解】句意：去年夏天英国的气温达到了40摄氏度。根据时间状语last summer（去年夏天）可知，该句应该用一般过去时态，reach应该用过去式reached。故填reached。 29．It is interesting ________ (go) hiking on warm spring days. 【答案】to go 【详解】句意：在温暖的春天去远足是有趣的。it is + 形容词 + to do sth.是固定句型，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。故填to go。 30．We should stop ________ (cut) down forests to protect the climate. 【答案】cutting 【详解】句意：我们应该停止砍伐森林来保护气候。stop doing sth“停止做某事”，题干给出的cut是动词原形，表示砍伐，空格处需填入其动名词形式。故填cutting。 31．The whales are ________ (huge). They live in the sea. 【答案】 huge 【详解】句意：鲸鱼体型庞大，它们生活在海洋里。huge是形容词，意思是“巨大的”，be动词后接形容词作表语，直接用原形即可，符合语法和语境。 32．The children are ________ (excite) about the coming trip to the zoo. 【答案】excited 【详解】句意：孩子们对即将到来的动物园之旅感到很兴奋。根据“The children are______(excite) about the coming trip to the zoo.”可知，此处考查形容词作表语，主语“The children”是人，应用-ed形式的形容词“excited”，表示“感到兴奋的”；“exciting”多用来修饰事物，表示“令人兴奋的”。故填excited。 33．Using ________ (recycle) materials helps protect the environment. 【答案】recycled 【详解】句意：使用回收材料有助于保护环境。空格处修饰名词materials，在句中作定语；所给词recycle是动词，此处需要形容词形式修饰名词，recycle的形容词recycled意为“回收利用的”，符合语境要求。故填recycled。 34．Our teacher gave an ________ (encourage) speech about saving the planet. 【答案】encouraging 【详解】句意：我们的老师做了一场关于保护地球的鼓舞人心的演讲。不定冠词an和名词speech之间填入形容词作定语，且修饰物，填入encourage的形容词形式encouraging，意为“令人鼓舞的”。 35．It is ________ (comfort) to live in a green neighborhood. 【答案】comfortable 【详解】句意：生活在一个绿色的社区是很舒适的。句中“It is...to live...”是固定句型，其中“is”是系动词，其后应接形容词作表语。括号内的“comfort”是名词或动词，其形容词形式为“comfortable”，意为“舒适的”，符合句意和语法要求。因此，应将“comfort”改为“comfortable”。故填comfortable。 36．The ________ (separate) of the rubbish is helpful for recycling. 【答案】separation 【详解】句意：垃圾分类有助于回收利用。此处需要用名词作主语，动词separate的名词形式是separation，表示“分离、分类”。 37．We should ________ (reduce) the use of plastic bags. 【答案】reduce 【详解】句意：我们应该减少塑料袋的使用。句中“should”是情态动词，其后应接动词原形。括号内的“reduce”是动词，意为“减少”，符合语法规则。因此，直接填入原形即可。 38．Many ________ (plant) are in danger. 【答案】plants 【详解】句意：许多植物正处于危险之中。句中“Many”是形容词，意为“许多的”，其后应接可数名词的复数形式。括号内的“plant”是可数名词，意为“植物”，其复数形式为“plants”。因此，应将“plant”改为“plants”。 39．I live in a quiet ________ (neighbor). 【答案】neighborhood 【详解】句意：我住在一个安静的社区。句中“a quiet”提示后面需要接单数名词作宾语。neighbor的名词形式为neighborhood，意为“社区、邻近地区”，符合句意。 40．The air is ________ (fresh) in the countryside than in the city. 【答案】fresher 【详解】句意：农村的空气比城市的空气新鲜。句中“than”为比较级的标志词，空处应用形容词的比较级，fresh的比较级为fresher，意为“更新鲜的”。 三、短文填空 Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. Have you ever wondered the weather in one of China’s biggest cities? Shanghai, located in the 41 (south) part of China, has interesting but sometimes challenging weather. Because of its geographical 42 (locate), the city has four different seasons, each with its own surprises. Autumn is the most comfortable season. with cool breezes and clear skies. Spring is beautiful too, though the weather changes quickly. In winter, mornings are often 43 (fog), especially near the Huangpu River. The thick fog can cause traffic problems, which makes buses and cars move slower. Sometimes, the cold wind makes the weather feel even 44 (bad) than the temperature shows. Summer in Shanghai can be 45 (extreme) hot. Last year, the city broke a 46 (record) with over 40℃! The terrible heat causes many people to stay 47 (indoor) during the afternoon. Sudden heavy rains often bring relief, but they may lead to flooded streets. Moreover, the airports and train stations may also be 48 (close). No matter the season, Shanghai’s weather is always full of surprises. From windy winter mornings to sunny summer afternoons, the city’s weather keeps life interesting! 【答案】41．southern 42．location 43．foggy 44．worse 45．extremely 46．record 47．indoors 48．closed 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了上海的每个季节。每个美好季节的天气使这座城市生活变得更加有趣！ 【详解】41．句意：上海位于中国南部，那里的天气有趣但有时具有挑战性。此处形容词southern修饰名词part。故填southern。 42．句意：由于其地理位置，这座城市有四个不同的季节，每个季节都有自己的惊喜。此处用形容词geographical修饰名词location，意为“位置”。故填location。 43．句意：冬天，早晨常常有雾，特别是在黄浦江附近。此处形容词foggy作表语，意为“有雾的”。故填foggy。 44．句意：有时，寒冷的风会使得天气感觉比温度显示的更糟糕。根据“even”和“than”可知，此处应用比较级，bad的比较级是worse。故填worse。 45．句意：上海的夏天可能会非常热。此处应用extremely修饰形容词hot。故填extremely。 46．句意：去年，该市打破了记录，气温超过40℃！break a record“打破纪录”，固定短语，冠词a修饰可数名词单数。故填record。 47．句意：酷热难耐，导致许多人下午都待在室内。stay indoors“待在室内”，固定短语。故填indoors。 48．句意：此外，机场和火车站也可能关闭。此处close的形容词形式closed作表语。故填closed。 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空。请将答案填写在答题纸指定位置。 Madagascar is an island country in Africa. Many people like to come and visit it. They think it is beautiful because of its green forests and many 49 (difference) animals. However, each coin (硬币) has two sides. Madagascar also faces many 50 (problem). Years ago, people in southern Madagascar cut 51 almost all of the trees to clear land for farming. In fact, these trees are very 52 (use). They can help stop strong winds (风). Now, without these trees, people cannot even put seeds (种子) in the ground, 53 winds will blow the seeds away. Another problem is that there 54 (be) no rain falling here for many years. Because of climate (气候) change, it is more difficult to plant crops (农作物). Now more than a million people here are in great need of help. Scientists say that the situation will be even worse in the future. There will be famine (饥荒). Millions of people will have nothing 55 (eat). Madagascar can be the 56 (one) country where famine happens because of climate change. 【答案】49．different 50．problems 51．down 52．useful 53．because 54．has been 55．to eat 56．first 【导语】本文主要讲述了非洲岛国马达加斯加面临的环境危机及其严重后果。 49．句意：他们认为它是美丽的，因为它的绿色森林和许多不同的动物。此处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词animals，应用different“不同的”。故填different。 50．句意：马达加斯加也面临许多问题。problem“问题”，可数名词；many修饰可数名词复数。故填problems。 51．句意：几年前，马达加斯加南部的人们砍掉了几乎所有的树木来腾出土地耕种。根据“cut…almost all of the trees”可知，此处指砍伐树木，cut down“砍伐”，固定短语。故填down。 52．句意：事实上，这些树非常有用。根据“They can help stop strong winds”可知，这些树很有用，空前有are，空处应用形容词useful“有用的”作表语。故填useful。 53．句意：现在，没有这些树，人们甚至不能把种子种在地里，因为风会把种子吹走。分析句子结构可知，前后句之间是因果关系，前果后因，此处应用连词because“因为”。故填because。 54．句意：另一个问题是这里多年不下雨。根据“for many years”可知，此句应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”，there be句型遵循就近原则，主语是no rain，助动词应用has。故填has been。 55．句意：数百万人将没有东西吃。根据“Millions of people will have nothing…”可知，此处用动词不定式作定语，修饰nothing，表示没有什么东西可以吃。故填to eat。 56．句意：马达加斯加可能是第一个因为气候变化而发生饥荒的国家。根据“the…country”以及提示词可知，此处指“第一个国家”，应填序数词first。故填first。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $