专题03 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题汇编，重庆专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 该试卷为初中英语八年级下说明文阅读理解专题汇编，精选重庆多区期末真题，涵盖人与自我、社会、自然等主题，情境真实且贴近生活，融合文化传承与科技前沿，注重语言能力与思维品质的综合考查。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|每篇3-4题，共12篇约40题|生活技能（如自制冰棒步骤）、文化景点（如北京胡同）、健康运动（步行/瑜伽）、中华文化（子弹库帛书）、科技发明（CR450列车）、动植物（水豚/树木交流）|情境创设时代性（如HarmonyOS系统、AG60E电动飞机）；问题设计层次性（细节题如“制作纸伞需28根竹条”，推理题如“推断树木‘交谈’原因”）；图文结合（步骤排序题、图片匹配题）|

专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自我——方法策略 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·重庆市沙坪坝区南开中学校·期末） On hot summer days, many kids love eating popsicles. For a healthier and safer choice, homemade popsicles are perfect. And the best part is that they’re easy to make. Here’s a recipe for you to try. 1．What ingredient is missing? A．Honey or sugar. B．Milk or cheese. C．Water or coffee. D．Chocolate or candy. 2．What might be the reason for leaving a little space at the top in Step 3? A．To help popsicles freeze rapidly. B．To make popsicles look bigger. C．To have more delicious popsicles. D．To stop popsicles from breaking the molds. 3．Which picture shows Step 5? A． B． C． D． Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·重庆南岸区·期末） All My page 2 hours ago Hey friends! Do you want to make something cool by yourself? Let’s try a Chinese paper umbrella—an old but super cool thing! There are four easy steps to make it. First, we should find strong bamboo and cut them into twenty-eight thin pieces. Old makers said bamboo gets “stronger as it grows”—just like us! Second, paint flowers, mountains or cute animals on soft rice paper! Don’t worry if your art looks “funny” (mine too:!). Third, we need to brush special oil on the paper. It can help to keep water out and make your umbrella not wet! Finally, we use silk to add the bamboo pieces to the paper. When you open it, it looks like a flower! So cool! Join the fun now! And bring it to the art class and show your teacher your hand-made umbrella. Walk with it and it feels like that you’re in ancient China! 1．How many thin bamboo pieces do you need to cut? A．10. B．20. C．28. D．35. 2．Which order can show the right steps to make paper umbrella according to the passage? a. b. c.   d. A．c-d-a-b B．b-d-a-c C．c-b-a-d D．b-c-a-d 3．In which part of a website can you probably read the post? A．Population. B．Environment. C．Tour. D．Art. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·重庆市大足区·期末） Do you know how to clean your face? Maybe not. Here are the steps and pictures about how to clean your face. Please choose the right pictures and match them with the steps. 1 Step 1: Put the soap on your fingers and rub your hands together. Step 2: Put your fingers on your forehead and rub upward. 1 Step 3. Go down to the nose and chin (下巴) from the forehead. Rub down your nose, not up. Step 4. Rub from the sides of the nose to the cheeks (面颊). Step 5: Follow your jaw-line (下颚线). 1 Step 6: Clean your neck and wash off the soap. 主题02 人与社会——景点建筑 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·重庆市渝中区·期末） There are many interesting buildings with unusual shapes around the world. Let’s take a look! The Basket Building (USA):What a big basket! This is the world’s largest Basket Building. The seven-floor office building looks exactly like a huge basket. It took two years to finish the building in 1997. It’s about 16,722 square meters in size. The most interesting part is that the people inside sell real baskets! Maybe their baskets sell very well! The Crooked House (Poland): This is a shopping center in Poland. It was built in 2004. It’s about 4,000 square meters in size. With its green roof, yellow walls, and colorful glass windows, it looks like a house from the fairy tale or a melting (融化的) ice-cream on a sunny day. It is one of Europe’s most unusual buildings and has attracted thousands of tourists to see its crazy shape every year. Dubai Frame (Dubai): This building looks like a picture frame (框). The Dubai Frame stands 150 meters tall, and weighs 9,900 tons (吨). More than 15,000 square meters of gold-coloured stainless steel (不锈钢) covers Dubai Frame. There is a museum on the first floor. It shows the city’s history. On the top of the building, there is a bridge. People can see the city from a glass window. 1．How large is the Basket Building? A．It’s about 150 meters tall. B．It’s about 16,722 meters tall. C．It’s about 4,000 square meters in size. D．It’s about 16,722 square meters in size. 2．What do we know about the Dubai Frame? A．It was built in 2004. B．It has seven floors. C．There is a history museum inside. D．There is a green roof on the top. 3．What do the three buildings above have in common? A．They are shopping centers. B．They are historical buildings. C．They are special in shapes. D．They are in the same country. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·重庆市铜梁区·期末） In recent years, Tongliang’s tourism industry (旅游业) has developed rapidly. In 2024, it grew by 8.25%. Then, in early 2025, even more visitors arrived! Looking ahead, Tongliang has exciting plans for 2025. The city wants to continue sharing its four famous cultural highlights (亮点) with the world. Tongliang Dragon Dance Tongliang is famous for its dragon dance, a traditional Chinese performance. It’s over 1,000 years old and is one of China’s most exciting cultural shows. Tongliang Dragon Football Team This is a special football team named after the Tongliang Dragon in 2021. It mixes sports with local (当地的) culture, and fans love cheering for them. Anju Ancient Town Anju is a beautiful old town with ancient buildings, stone streets, and temples (寺庙). Visitors can learn about history, try local snacks, and take photos in this peaceful place. Shaoyun Hometown Shaoyun is the hometown of Qiu Shaoyun, a Chinese war hero. People visit to honor (纪念) his bravery and learn about his story. 1．Which of the following has a history of more than 1000 years? A．Tongliang Dragon Football. B．Anju Ancient Town visit. C．Tongliang Dragon Dance. D．Shaoyun Hometown tour. 2．What can visitors do in Anju Ancient Town? A．Cheer for a football team. B．Learn about a war hero’s story. C．Try local snacks and take photos. D．Watch modern dance shows. 3．Why do people visit Shaoyun Hometown? A．To see dragon dance performances. B．To honor a brave war hero, Qiu Shaoyun. C．To play football with local teams. D．To buy ancient buildings. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·重庆市江北巴川量子中学·期末） As one of the most famous places in Beijing, Hutongs interest many tourists every year. Below are answers to some common questions about hutongs. What Are Hutongs? Hutongs are the old, winding alleyways (蜿蜒的小巷) in Beijing. Most of them serve as living places, but some are also filled with stores like cafes (places to drink coffee) and small restaurants. These alleyways have been part of Beijing’s life for hundreds of years, showing how people lived there in the past. Where Does the Name “Hutong” Come From? The word “hutong” has a long and interesting history. When Beijing was called Khanbaliq during the Yuan Dynasty, small alleyways were built in it. These alleyways were called Hottok in Mongolian. Over time, the name was translated (被翻译) into Chinese, becoming hutong. What Are Some Famous Hutongs? Beijing has many famous hutongs, such as Nanluogu Alley and Yandaixie Street. Each of them has a special historical and cultural meaning. Among them, Dongjiaomin Alley is longer than any other hutong in Beijing, with a length of 1,552 meters. ________ Hutongs are not only old streets but also living history! Walking through these small alleyways, tourists can see special houses and learn about traditional Beijing culture. Protecting hutongs helps keep the city’s history alive (活着的) and allows people to understand more about old Beijing. 1．What can we know about hutongs according to the passage? A．They are popular with tourists. B．They’re close to the old, winding alleyways. C．Most of them are filled with stores like cafes and small restaurants. D．They have a history of 100 years. 2．Which is the longest hutong in Beijing? A．Nanluogu Alley. B．Yandaixie Street. C．Dongjiaomin Alley. D．Guozijian Street. 3．Which can be best put in ________ in the passage? A．Why Are Hutongs Important? B．How Are Hutongs Built? C．How Do People Protect Hutongs? D．When Were Hutongs Built? 4．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To compare hutongs with other places in China. B．To introduce the most famous hutong. C．To explain the history and cultural importance of hutongs. D．To show how Hutongs have changed in recent years. 主题03 人与自我——健康与运动 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·重庆市永川区·期末） Do you like walking? Walking is an easy way to stay healthy. When you walk, your body uses fat for energy. This helps you stay at a good weight and avoid sickness like heart problems. Walking is also gentle on your knees and feet. Studies show walking helps young people think better. More blood goes to the brain, which improves memory. It also makes bones and muscles (骨头和肌肉) stronger. How much walking is enough? Many think 10, 000 steps daily is best, but this idea started from an old Japanese advertisement. Actually, 6, 000-10, 000 steps per day is fine for most Chinese people. When the weather is bad, walk inside at a mall or on a treadmill. As you get better, walk faster or uphill. Doctors say walking is healthy, but we can also try other exercises twice a week, like lifting weights or yoga. 1．What does your body use for energy when you walk? A．Fat. B．Salt. C．Sugar. D．Water. 2．Where did the idea that walking 10, 000 steps daily is best come from? A．A U.S. medical study. B．A Japanese advertisement. C．Modern scientific research. D．Advice from Chinese health experts. 3．What does the underlined word “It” refer to? A．Eating. B．Walking. C．Running. D．Sleeping. 4．What is the main idea of the article? A．Walking is good for our health. B．Walking is better than other sports. C．Everyone should walk 10, 000 steps. D．Walking is the only exercise you need. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·重庆市万州区·期末） Do you know yoga? As a popular sport, many people like doing it in their free time now. They think yoga can not only help them keep healthy but also make them feel relaxed. In fact, yoga isn’t a new thing. People in India started practicing it around 5,000 years ago. At that time, people found that many plants and animals could heal (治愈) themselves quickly. So they started to copy their movements (动作) and then the sport of yoga came to the world soon. Now over 300 million people in the world are practicing yoga. That’s because yoga has many benefits. According to NHS England, yoga can make you stronger, help you have a better sleep and keep you from getting too fat. What’s more, yoga is suitable (适合的) for everyone. Young kids or old people, all can learn it. Famous tennis player Novak Djokovic practices yoga, too. “Yoga helps me be the best and stops me from getting injured,” he says. After learning the facts about yoga, you must hope to start practicing it now. But don’t rush. There are some tips for you. First of all, wear comfortable clothes and take off your shoes and socks. Second, eat on time. Avoid eating anything one or two hours before doing yoga. Third, have fun and enjoy it. You can play music while doing yoga, or practice outside in a park. Last, keep going. Do it for 30 minutes every day. If you are busy, three times a week will be OK, too. 1．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A．The kinds of yoga. B．The birthplace of yoga. C．The problems of yoga. D．The places to practice yoga. 2．How many tips does the writer give us? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．You need to eat something after doing yoga. B．Novak Djokovic is famous for teaching yoga. C．Yoga has a history of about 300 years. D．People got the idea of yoga from animals and plants. 4．In which part of a newspaper can be read the passage? A．Science. B．Food. C．Health. D．Art. 主题04 人与社会——中华文化 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·重庆市渝中区·期末） In May, 2025, the Smithsonian’s National Museum returned the Zidanku Silk Manuscripts (子弹库帛书) to China. These texts, written on silk, are the oldest surviving (现存的) books in China and the only known manuscripts from the Warring States Period (475—221 BC) (战国时期). The manuscripts were found in 1942 in a tomb (坟墓) in Changsha, Hunan. However, they were stolen (偷) and taken to the US in 1946. Many people kept asking for their return because they knew how important they were to China. After many years of effort (努力), two parts of the manuscripts, Wuxing Ling (五行令) and Gongshou Zhan (攻守占), finally returned home.   The manuscripts are made up of three parts: The first part, Sishi Ling (四时令) describes what people should do during different seasons. The second part, Wuxing Ling includes a chart (图表) and text about the five elements (元素): wood, fire, earth, metal, and water. It tells people what they should or should not do each month. The third part, Gongshou Zhan is about war. It tells the best directions and the best time to fight. For years, experts studied these texts, uncovering their secrets. They show how ancient Chinese people understood nature, war, and time. Their return marks a big success in getting cultural heritage back and shows China’s growing ability to protect its history.   The two returned parts will be shown at the National Museum of China in July 2025. China will also continue to bring back the final missing part, Sishi Ling. As experts say, “This success proves that a weak nation loses treasures; a strong one revives (复兴) culture.” 1．How long have Wuxing Ling and Gongshou Zhan been abroad before returning to China? A．69 years. B．79 years. C．83 years. D．Over 2,000 years. 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．The manuscripts were kept in a museum before the year 1942. B．All three parts of the manuscripts have been returned to China. C．The return of cultural treasures shows China is getting stronger. D．Sishi Ling describes what people should or should not do each month. 3．How does the writer start this passage? A．By describing a recent event. B．By listing dates and numbers. C．By comparing past and present China. D．By telling a story about the Manuscripts. 4．What’s the best title of this passage? A．China Gets Back Its Oldest Silk Book B．Ancient Chinese Books Found in a Tomb C．How to Protect the Old Silk Manuscripts D．The History of Silk Manuscripts in China Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·重庆市沙坪坝区南开中学校·期末） ①In 1942, in Changsha, China, archaeologists (考古学家) found something amazing—ancient books written on silk! These aren’t normal books. They are China’s oldest silk books: the Zidanku Silk Manuscripts (子弹库帛书) from the Warring States period (475—221 BC), showing ancient writing and thoughts across three volumes (卷)—Sishi Ling, Wuxing Ling, and Gongshou Zhan. ②Their journey, however, was marked by loss. In 1946, during the war, American collector John Cox cheated Chinese scholar Cai Jixiang to get the manuscripts, taking them abroad. For 79 years, they were moved among U. S. museums, far from their homeland. ③Chinese researchers worked hard, studying historical records and scientific facts to prove (证明) that they belonged to China. Finally, in 2025, after peaceful talks, an American museum returned two volumes—Wuxing Ling and Gongshou Zhan—at a ceremony in China’s embassy in Washington D．C． ④This return fixes a historical wrong, showing that stolen cultural treasures must go back to their homeland. It sets a strong example for museums around the world. ⑤Bringing lost treasures home was once nearly impossible, yet China’s tireless research and efforts made it happen, showing its ability to protect cultural treasures. ⑥The manuscripts’ return enables deeper historical understanding for future generations. In July 2025, the National Museum of China will hold an exhibition (展出) named “_________”, allowing public access to these treasures. Students and scholars alike will get new insights into China’s past. ⑦While two volumes are home, cultural experts are now looking for the first volume—Sishi Ling. Reuniting the full collection promises to unlock further secrets of these ancient writings and compose new chapters in the ongoing story of cultural homecoming. 1．What happened to the Zidanku Silk Manuscripts in 1946? A．They were found in Changsha. B．They were destroyed during the war. C．They were on show in a Chinese museum. D．They were taken away from China to America. 2．What is the best name for the exhibition mentioned in ⑥? A．Given and Taken: Sishi Ling’s Way Home B．Lost and Found: Cultural Treasures Returned C．Cultural Journeys: Learning about Wuxing Ling D．Ancient Writings: Stories from a Long Time Ago Which of the following can be put into No. a and No. b? 3．A．History. B．Culture. C．Meaning. D．Ability. 4．A． B． C． D． Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·重庆南岸区·期末） ①The Yellow River is one of the most famous rivers in China. It’s often called the “Mother River” because the ancient Chinese people lived along the river. The river gave them water to drink, land to farm, and a way to travel. It helped the early people build their villages and start their lives. ②However, the Yellow River is also known for its floods (洪水). In the past, the river would often rise too high, causing serious results. Houses, plants and even whole villages were broken apart. These floods made life very difficult for the people living near the river. ③Today, scientists use cool new technology to help stop these floods. One of the most useful tools is “Big Data” (大数据). Big Data collects lots of information and follows the river’s movement. This helps scientists compare the river’s historical information. Scientists also use this data to study the river and predict when a flood might happen. ④Another important technology is the “Internet of Things” (IoT 物联网). It uses special sensors (传感器) along the river to check things like water condition, weather, and earth. These sensors send real-time information to computers. The computers then understand the first-hand data and can remind people if a flood is coming. ⑤For example, if the river starts to rise too high, the sensors send alarms to nearby towns. People can then move to safer places before the flood arrives. It’s like having a smart helper that keeps everyone safe! ⑥With the help of Big Data and IoT, experts can now better manage the river. This helps better protect millions of people who live near the Yellow River. ⑦The Yellow River isn’t just important to China’s past. With modern technologies, it’s also a symbol of hope for the future. Now, we can better protect both the river and the people who depend on it. 1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Scientists still don’t know how to collect the information. B．Chinese people don’t live near the Yellow River any more. C．The floods never caused serious problems many years ago. D．Yellow River helped the ancient people build their villages. 2．Which of the following can we fill in with the word “manage” from Paragraph 6? A．Teng Fei didn’t _________ his left foot badly while he was playing football. B．Teng Fei had to _________ his sports bags before he went to play football. C．Teng Fei would _________ his teammates because they won the football match. D．Teng Fei can _________ the football team because of his problem-solving skills. 3．What can you infer from the passage? A．The river’s floods will be less dangerous by using technologies. B．Internet of Things will make the Yellow River dry in the future. C．Big Data helps scientists to predict when a flood might happen. D．Scientists can predict anything with the development of science. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 主题01 人与社会——发明创造 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·重庆市鲁能巴蜀中学校·期末） Technology is the first power! It changes our lives in many ways. In recent years, China has made great progress in science and technology. It brings great pride and joy to people across the country. It makes our lives better and shows the world that China is becoming stronger and smarter. The CR450 train and the AG60E plane are two good examples. It is widely known that China has a well-developed high-speed railway network in the world. Now, the country is breaking its own speed record with the CR450. The CR450 can travel at a top speed (速度) of 453 kilometers an hour. Once put into use, it will take just about 2.5 hours to travel from Beijing to Shanghai, which takes at least 4.5 hours at the moment. Even though it can travel so fast, it can also start braking (刹车) quickly, taking just 1.7 seconds, and its noise level keeps low. It creates a safe and comfortable environment for passengers. With the advantages, the CR450 shows China’s leading role and great power to the world. The AG60E is China’s self-developed lightweight two-seat electric plane. It is 6.9 meters long, 2.6 meters high and 8.6 meters wide. It is mainly designed for pilot training, flight experience, and private travel. It uses an electric power system. Compared with the traditional plane, it doesn’t send out greenhouse gases, and its noise level is much lower. The AG60E electric plane draws the world’s attention, for it is a practice of China’s aviation industry (航空工业) towards air pollution. The AG60E is only a starting point. It is expected to become an important force to achieve green and low-carbon (低碳) development in the field of aviation. ▲ It makes travel faster, safer, and greener, and helps improve people’s daily lives in smart ways. At the same time, it shows China’s confidence (自信) to the world. With more new inventions, China will move toward a brighter future. We believe technology will keep making our lives better. 1．It is about 300 kilometers from Chongqing to Chengdu. How long will it take to travel from Chongqing to Chengdu by CR450 at the fastest speed? A．About 20 minutes. B．About 40 minutes. C．About 2.5 hours. D．About 4.5 hours. 2．Which reading skill can help you know the size of the AG60E most quickly? A．Skimming. B．Scanning. C．Guessing the meaning. D．Finding the order of events. 3．What do the CR450 and the AG60E have in common? A．Their noise level is low. B．They have been widely used. C．They can hold many passengers. D．They are both good for the environment. 4．Which sentence can be put in the “ ▲ ”? A．We are not sure about what will happen in the near future. B．The AG60E certainly shows the power of Chinese technology. C．China’s high technology is shining from the sky to the ground. D．But the high ticket price is still a problem for many people today. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·重庆市秀山县·期末） ①Do you know Huawei will release (发行) personal computers using its self-made HarmonyOS on May 19th? These computers will use Huawei’s own HarmonyOS system. Huawei wants this system to compete with Microsoft’s Windows and Apple’s macOS. These systems have controlled computers for many years. ②A Huawei leader said it took five years to make HarmonyOS. Many engineers worked together. The system uses AI and connects phones, tablets, and computers smoothly. For example, you can start editing a file on your phone and continue your work immediately on a HarmonyOS computer. ③Now, over 300 apps like Bilibili (a video platform) already work on HarmonyOS PCs, with 2, 000 more being adapted (开发). Huawei says this system makes app development faster and cheaper compared to Windows. ④HarmonyOS started in 2019 after US restrictions (约束) limited Huawei’s access to American technology. Since then, it’s been used in cars, watches, and smart home devices. In early 2024, HarmonyOS became China’s No. 2 mobile system, beating Apple’s IOS. ⑤Experts say this is a big step for Chinese software. However, they warn HarmonyOS needs strong app support and smart marketing to compete globally. The next few years will test if it can become a world-class system. 1．Who said that it took five years to make HarmonyOS? A．A Huawei leader. B．A Huawei worker. C．A Huawei shopper. D．A Xiaomi leader. 2．How many apps are working on HarmonyOS PCs at present? A．Over 500. B．Over 300. C．Over 2, 000. D．Over 1, 000. 3．How does the writer start the topic? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking a question. C．By giving an example. D．By making comparisons. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A．①②/③④/⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①②/③/④⑤ D．①/②③/④⑤ 主题02 人与自我——意见建议 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·重庆市第八中学校·期末） ①Imagine you’re taking an exam, and that you find it difficult to answer those questions. Time’s running out. Would you waste the little chance that you get to cheat? Probably, some of us have once cheated in the test. ②Certainly, it’s not correct. It’s important to follow the rules because the world would turn into a total mess without rules. For example, if we all do what we want to do on the road, accidents would happen everywhere. ③However, according to Arnold Schwarzenegger, things are different. He once said, “We have so many rules in life about everything. But it’s impossible to be a creator if we pay too much attention to every single rule. We have to think outside the box.” ④Not all rules are actually needed. Some are created to restrain people, making people not able to do something; some become old and boring. And with time passing by and the development of the society, some rules have stopped people from achieving something new. So sometimes, it’s okay to break the rules. ⑤In 1823, William Webb Ellis was a pupil at Rugby School. He was tired of playing football in the old way, so the player took the ball in his arms and ran with it during a school football match. In this way, he started a new sport: rugby (英式橄榄球), named after his school. ⑥To break a certain rule in a smart way, you need to learn the rules first. Pablo Picasso was a talented artist, but he spent much time learning traditional drawing and painting skills before he found his own styles. Understand it fully before you break it—that’s what you can learn from great minds. ⑦Besides, each person has his own values (价值观). Before breaking the rules, think over whether it will go against your values. And the moment you decide to do that, you must be ready to face any possible result. ⑧Rules are meant to help us, not rule us. So, there is reason to believe that we should try to break some rules wisely, when they prevent us from becoming better. 1．What do Arnold Schwarzenegger’s words mean? A．There are too many rules to follow in people’s life. B．Some of the rules are useful, while others are not. C．People can not be successful without rules. D．People can try to break some rules when necessary. 2．The underlined word “restrain ”in Paragraph 4 can be put in ________. A．The room is so messy. Can’t you ________ these children? B．When someone promises he’ll keep his word, don’t ________ him at once. C．You are welcome to ________ the teachers if you have a different idea. D．He was so brave that he jumped into the river to ________ the old man. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．We are allowed to break the rules as long as we want to be more creative. B．Whether a rule should be followed may depend on different situations. C．We should think twice before breaking the rules. D．Thinking out of the box is the first step to break a rule. 4．What would be the best structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·重庆市梁平区·期末） Love them or hate them, selfies (自拍) show no sign of stopping. And they have been especially popular among young people during the holidays and festivals. The UK hotel booking website (网站) has done a survey among young people from UK. Nearly half of them took photos of themselves while on holiday, and 25 percent of them hurry to take their first photo even in the airport while waiting for the plane. After all, “it is the main way to show off on holiday”, said Daily Mail. And in order to take the best holiday selfies possible, the website has put together some useful posing (摆姿势) suggestions for you. Take a look. “Eating food” style Want to let everyone know how exciting your holiday food is? Hold up some food on your fork or chopsticks. You can also cut off a piece to show off what’s inside. But don’t have food hanging out of your mouth. Remember, food always looks best before being eaten. “I’m so brave” style Mountain climbing, hiking, surfing, or skiing? These exciting holiday activities are great times for a selfie. Just let the natural spot (地点) make people go “wow”. One most popular gesture is pointing both arms to the sky to show how much fun you are having. But remember that no one likes a sweaty (流汗的) selfie. “Interesting tourist” style Show where you are by taking a selfie with a famous spot. If it is bright outside, wearing a nice pair of sunglasses will not only stop you from closing your eyes, but also make you look great. You can also try to make yourself interesting by touching the top of the Eiffel Tower or picking the Sphinx’s (狮身人面像) nose. 1．The UK hotel booking website has done a survey among _________. A．American young people B．British young people C．Chinese young people D．Japanese young people 2．What does the underlined word “gesture” in Para. 4mean? A．姿势 B．相片 C．风景 D．相机 3．If you take a selfie on a sunny day outside, you are advised to _________. A．hold up some food B．close your eyes C．point both arms to the sky D．wear a nice pair of sunglasses 4．What is best title of the passage? A．Everybody Likes Selfies. B．A Main Way to Show off. C．Suggestions for Perfect Selfies. D．The Fun of selfies. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·重庆市万州区·期末） Going to an art museum can be a fun activity. However, if you’re not sure what the art is about, it may seem boring. Here are many ways to understand different kinds of art. You don’t need to visit the most famous museum in your area. Instead, look at the websites of a few local (当地的) museums to see what exhibits (展览) they have, then choose one you’re interested in to visit. For example, if you enjoy taking photos, you might go to a photography exhibit. If a piece of art (艺术品) catches your eyes, you may start by getting close to the artwork. Think about the story the artwork may be trying to tell. Bring a notebook and pencil with you, so you can make a quick drawing yourself. This way, you might see new details (细节) of it that you didn’t notice before. If you want to find out more details of the artwork, a volunteer at the museum may be helpful to talk to you about it. Free brochures (手册) may also provide information. You can also ask yourself what the work means to you. For example, maybe the colors in the piece remind you of a place that’s special to you or the emotions you’ve been feeling. After you leave the museum, consider which pieces of art stay in your mind and why. Talk to a friend who went with you, and ask them about their favorite pieces, too. The way artists make themselves understood through their work is the magic of art really. 1．What’s the writer’s advice when choosing a museum? A．Ask your parents to help you take photos. B．Visit the most famous museum nearby. C．Choose an exhibit that interests you. D．Go to see a photography exhibit first. 2．Why do you need a notebook and pencil according to paragraph 3? A．To draw a similar picture by yourself. B．To draw a picture of yourself quickly. C．To write down the story of the artwork. D．To copy things from the free brochures. 3．What may be the magic of art really according to the last paragraph? A．The art pieces that stay in your mind for a long time. B．The way you understand an artist through their work. C．The story your favorite piece of art is trying to tell. D．The time you spend talking with your friend or adult. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?（P= Paragraph） A． B． C． D． 主题03 人与自然——动植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·重庆市第一中学校·期末） Have you heard of capybaras? They are famous because of an interesting song called “Capybara” that becomes so popular on the Internet. These lovely and smart animals are winning hearts with their easygoing nature. They always stay calm and keep in good mood. Do you know an adult capybara can weigh as much as a human? Capybaras can grow up to 1.4 meters long, 61 centimeters tall, and weigh up to 65 kilograms. They are the world’s largest rodent animals. Their teeth keep growing to eat plants. Like rabbits, their teeth are perfect for food. Capybaras are great swimmers. They like to live near rivers or lakes. Their webbed feet help them move easily in water. They can even sleep in water just with their noses outside. People may think they look scary because of their large size, but they are friendly and easy to get along with. They often let other animals, like birds or even monkeys, sit on their backs. These chubby and round animals live in the southern part of China. They love taking a shower, sleeping, and eating. Capybaras play an important role in nature. They are in the middle of the food chain (链). They eat plants, which stops grass from growing too much. They are also preys (猎物) for other wild animals. Many animals like crocodiles and eagles kill them for food. However, some wild capybaras are endangered. Their homes are being destroyed for farming and buildings. Water pollution also makes them sick. ▲ . Their living environment has become worse and worse so that the number of them is cutting down. We can all help protect capybaras. Supporting wildlife organizations that save their homes is important. Never buy things made of wild animals. Learning about these animals and telling others about the importance of saving them are also useful. Even small actions have special meanings to these lovely animals. 1．Why does the writer show the Internet song in Paragraph 1? A．To show how social media is important to animal protection. B．To catch readers’ eyes to read with a fun fact. C．To say no to modern young people’s hobbies D．To tell young people to love the song about animals. 2．What can we learn from the text? A．Capybaras are the smallest rodent animals in the world. B．Capybaras are popular because they are cute, easygoing and calm animals. C．Capybaras are easy to get along with because of their large size. D．Different illnesses lead the number of capybaras to cut down. 3．Which sentence can be put in ▲ ? A．These gentle animals often share their food with others B．Meanwhile, their webbed feet help them swim quickly C．It forces them to move into smaller areas because of polluted water D．We should do something to deal with the water pollution 4．Which of the following best shows the importance of capybaras in nature? A．Their large size helps them fight against other wild animals. B．They act as plant-eaters and preys for larger animals. C．Their webbed feet make them excellent swimmers. D．They get along well with other animals. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·重庆市大足区·期末） Did you know that trees can “talk” with each other? They “talk” not to be helpful, but because they can’t help it, a new study said. It may look like each tree in a forest stands alone. But they’re connected (连接) underground by my corrhizal networks (菌根网络). These networks are made of very small threads of fungi (真菌丝). Between 80 to 90 percent of trees are on this “wood-wide web”. Earlier studies show that trees use it to warn others about danger, according to The Conversation. For example, when bugs (虫子) come to eat the leaves of a tree, the tree can send chemical signals (化学信号) through the networks. Other trees then pick up the messages and make special juice to keep the bugs away. However, a new study led by the UK’s University of Oxford says something different. After running tests on math models, scientists found that trees do not actually get anything from being nice. They may be better off sending fake warnings to cheat nearby plants. This is because trees fight for sunlight, water and food all the time. So, it does not make sense (讲得通) for a tree to help others when it is in trouble. So why do they send signals? Scientists think there may be two reasons. First, trees can’t help sending messages, just like we sometimes can’t stop our faces from turning red. Second, the fungi may be the ones spreading the signals because they need plants to live. 1．What did earlier studies say about trees sending signals? A．They warned others to avoid danger. B．They shared food through the networks. C．They attracted bugs to eat leaves. D．They helped younger trees grow. 2．What can we infer about the role of fungi in tree according to the passage? A．To help trees share food and water. B．To trick trees into growing faster. C．To keep themselves alive by helping trees. D．To control how trees fight for sunlight. 3．How does the author organize the information in the passage? A．By listing facts about trees in order of importance. B．By comparing old and new scientific ideas about trees. C．By telling a story of how scientists discovered fungi networks. D．By describing problems with forests and suggesting solutions. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．How bugs harm trees and ways to stop them. B．The discovery of fungi networks in forests. C．How trees fight for sunlight and water. D．Old and new ideas about why trees “talk” to each other. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·重庆市大足区·期末） Many people have pets to be happy. But they often forget that pets grow old and even die. These things can be very hard for owners. A study in China shows that more pets are aging. For example, 23 percent of pet dogs are now over seven years old. Chen Su, a 38-year-old woman, has a 17-year-old cat named Yuanbao. The cat can’t move anymore. Chen told New Weekly that she even stopped working and stays home to take care of Yuanbao every day. Money is another big problem. A man named Luo Sen spends thousands of yuan every month just to care for his old, sick dog. Losing a pet is also very difficult. According to Pet Departed, many people can’t sleep or eat well after their pets die. Caring for an old or sick pet takes a lot of time, money and love. That’s why everyone should think carefully before getting a pet. 1．At what age is a dog considered old according to the passage? A．4 years old. B．8 years old. C．40 years old. D．70 years old. 2．What did Chen Su do for her old cat Yuanbao? A．She gave it to a pet hospital. B．She spent thousands of yuan monthly. C．She lost it and bought a new pet. D．She stopped working to care for it at home. 3．What problem might people face after losing a pet? A．They forget about the pet quickly. B．They take another pet immediately. C．They can’t sleep or eat well. D．They feel happy and relaxed. 4．Why should people think carefully before getting a pet? A．Because it needs time, money, and love. B．Because pets might run away. C．Because pets grow old quickly. D．Because pets are hard to train. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自我——方法策略 Passage 1 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B Passage 2 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D Passage 3 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 主题02 人与社会——景点建筑 Passage 1 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C Passage 2 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B Passage 3 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．C 主题03 人与自我——健康与运动 Passage 1 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A Passage 2 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 主题04 人与社会——中华文化 Passage 1 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A Passage 2 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B Passage 3 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 主题01 人与社会——发明创造 Passage 1 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C Passage 2 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．B 主题02 人与自我——意见建议 Passage 1 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C Passage 2 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C Passage 3 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 主题03 人与自然——动植物 Passage 1 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B Passage 2 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D Passage 3 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自我——方法策略 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·重庆市沙坪坝区南开中学校·期末） On hot summer days, many kids love eating popsicles. For a healthier and safer choice, homemade popsicles are perfect. And the best part is that they’re easy to make. Here’s a recipe for you to try. 1．What ingredient is missing? A．Honey or sugar. B．Milk or cheese. C．Water or coffee. D．Chocolate or candy. 2．What might be the reason for leaving a little space at the top in Step 3? A．To help popsicles freeze rapidly. B．To make popsicles look bigger. C．To have more delicious popsicles. D．To stop popsicles from breaking the molds. 3．Which picture shows Step 5? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何在家制作冰棍儿。 1．细节理解题。根据右图“Steps 2. Add honey and sugar according to your taste.”可知，配料中还缺蜂蜜和糖。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据右图“Steps 3. leaving a little space at the top because ice takes up more space than water.”可知，在步骤3中在顶部留出一点空间的原因是冰比水占据更多的空间，防止冰棍破坏模具。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据右图“Steps 5. To pull out popsicles more easily, run the molds under warm water for a few seconds.”可知，若要更轻松地取出冰棍，可将模具放入温水中浸泡几秒钟。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·重庆南岸区·期末） All My page 2 hours ago Hey friends! Do you want to make something cool by yourself? Let’s try a Chinese paper umbrella—an old but super cool thing! There are four easy steps to make it. First, we should find strong bamboo and cut them into twenty-eight thin pieces. Old makers said bamboo gets “stronger as it grows”—just like us! Second, paint flowers, mountains or cute animals on soft rice paper! Don’t worry if your art looks “funny” (mine too:!). Third, we need to brush special oil on the paper. It can help to keep water out and make your umbrella not wet! Finally, we use silk to add the bamboo pieces to the paper. When you open it, it looks like a flower! So cool! Join the fun now! And bring it to the art class and show your teacher your hand-made umbrella. Walk with it and it feels like that you’re in ancient China! 1．How many thin bamboo pieces do you need to cut? A．10. B．20. C．28. D．35. 2．Which order can show the right steps to make paper umbrella according to the passage? a. b. c.   d. A．c-d-a-b B．b-d-a-c C．c-b-a-d D．b-c-a-d 3．In which part of a website can you probably read the post? A．Population. B．Environment. C．Tour. D．Art. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文介绍了制作中国纸伞的四步方法，鼓励展示并感受古代中国风情。 1．细节理解题。根据“First, we should find strong bamboo and cut them into twenty-eight thin pieces.”可知，需要28根细竹片。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“First, we should find strong bamboo and cut them into twenty-eight thin pieces.”；“Second, paint flowers, mountains or cute animals on soft rice paper!”；“Third, we need to brush special oil on the paper.”以及“Finally, we use silk to add the bamboo pieces to the paper.”可知步骤为：切成细竹片、画画；刷特殊的油以及用丝绸把竹片加到纸上，故选B。 3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了制作中国纸伞的四步方法，鼓励展示并感受古代中国风情，因此可以在网站的艺术部分看到这篇材料。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·重庆市大足区·期末） Do you know how to clean your face? Maybe not. Here are the steps and pictures about how to clean your face. Please choose the right pictures and match them with the steps. 1 Step 1: Put the soap on your fingers and rub your hands together. Step 2: Put your fingers on your forehead and rub upward. 1 Step 3. Go down to the nose and chin (下巴) from the forehead. Rub down your nose, not up. Step 4. Rub from the sides of the nose to the cheeks (面颊). Step 5: Follow your jaw-line (下颚线). 1 Step 6: Clean your neck and wash off the soap. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文介绍如何清洁面部。 1．根据“Step 1: Put the soap on your fingers and rub your hands together.”可知，步骤1是将肥皂涂在手指上，然后相互搓揉双手。选项 C与之相符，故选C。 2．根据“Step 3. Go down to the nose and chin (下巴) from the forehead. Rub down your nose, not up.”可知，步骤3是从额头往下到鼻子和下巴。要顺着皮肤往下揉搓鼻子，不要往上揉。选项A与之相符，故选A。 3．根据“Step 6: Clean your neck and wash off the soap.”可知，步骤6是清洁颈部并洗净肥皂。选项D与之相符，故选D。 主题02 人与社会——景点建筑 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·重庆市渝中区·期末） There are many interesting buildings with unusual shapes around the world. Let’s take a look! The Basket Building (USA):What a big basket! This is the world’s largest Basket Building. The seven-floor office building looks exactly like a huge basket. It took two years to finish the building in 1997. It’s about 16,722 square meters in size. The most interesting part is that the people inside sell real baskets! Maybe their baskets sell very well! The Crooked House (Poland): This is a shopping center in Poland. It was built in 2004. It’s about 4,000 square meters in size. With its green roof, yellow walls, and colorful glass windows, it looks like a house from the fairy tale or a melting (融化的) ice-cream on a sunny day. It is one of Europe’s most unusual buildings and has attracted thousands of tourists to see its crazy shape every year. Dubai Frame (Dubai): This building looks like a picture frame (框). The Dubai Frame stands 150 meters tall, and weighs 9,900 tons (吨). More than 15,000 square meters of gold-coloured stainless steel (不锈钢) covers Dubai Frame. There is a museum on the first floor. It shows the city’s history. On the top of the building, there is a bridge. People can see the city from a glass window. 1．How large is the Basket Building? A．It’s about 150 meters tall. B．It’s about 16,722 meters tall. C．It’s about 4,000 square meters in size. D．It’s about 16,722 square meters in size. 2．What do we know about the Dubai Frame? A．It was built in 2004. B．It has seven floors. C．There is a history museum inside. D．There is a green roof on the top. 3．What do the three buildings above have in common? A．They are shopping centers. B．They are historical buildings. C．They are special in shapes. D．They are in the same country. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了世界上三座形状独特的有趣建筑，包括美国的篮子大楼、波兰的歪房子和迪拜的迪拜之框及其相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Basket Building (USA): It’s about 16,722 square meters in size.”可知，篮子大楼大约16722平方米。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Dubai Frame (Dubai): There is a museum on the first floor. It shows the city’s history.”可知，迪拜之框内有一个历史博物馆。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“There are many interesting buildings with unusual shapes around the world. Let’s take a look!”以及对三座建筑的描述可知，这三座建筑的共同之处是它们的形状很特别。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·重庆市铜梁区·期末） In recent years, Tongliang’s tourism industry (旅游业) has developed rapidly. In 2024, it grew by 8.25%. Then, in early 2025, even more visitors arrived! Looking ahead, Tongliang has exciting plans for 2025. The city wants to continue sharing its four famous cultural highlights (亮点) with the world. Tongliang Dragon Dance Tongliang is famous for its dragon dance, a traditional Chinese performance. It’s over 1,000 years old and is one of China’s most exciting cultural shows. Tongliang Dragon Football Team This is a special football team named after the Tongliang Dragon in 2021. It mixes sports with local (当地的) culture, and fans love cheering for them. Anju Ancient Town Anju is a beautiful old town with ancient buildings, stone streets, and temples (寺庙). Visitors can learn about history, try local snacks, and take photos in this peaceful place. Shaoyun Hometown Shaoyun is the hometown of Qiu Shaoyun, a Chinese war hero. People visit to honor (纪念) his bravery and learn about his story. 1．Which of the following has a history of more than 1000 years? A．Tongliang Dragon Football. B．Anju Ancient Town visit. C．Tongliang Dragon Dance. D．Shaoyun Hometown tour. 2．What can visitors do in Anju Ancient Town? A．Cheer for a football team. B．Learn about a war hero’s story. C．Try local snacks and take photos. D．Watch modern dance shows. 3．Why do people visit Shaoyun Hometown? A．To see dragon dance performances. B．To honor a brave war hero, Qiu Shaoyun. C．To play football with local teams. D．To buy ancient buildings. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了铜梁旅游业发展迅速，以及铜梁的四大著名文化亮点，包括铜梁龙舞、铜梁龙足球队、安居古镇和少云故居。 1．细节理解题。根据“Tongliang is famous for its dragon dance, a traditional Chinese performance. It’s over 1,000 years old and is one of China’s most exciting cultural shows.”可知，铜梁龙舞有一千多年的历史。故选C。 2． 细节理解题。根据“Visitors can learn about history, try local snacks, and take photos in this peaceful place.”可知，游客可以在安居古镇尝试当地小吃并拍照。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“People visit to honor (纪念) his bravery and learn about his story.”可知，人们参观少云故居是为了纪念英勇的战斗英雄邱少云。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·重庆市江北巴川量子中学·期末） As one of the most famous places in Beijing, Hutongs interest many tourists every year. Below are answers to some common questions about hutongs. What Are Hutongs? Hutongs are the old, winding alleyways (蜿蜒的小巷) in Beijing. Most of them serve as living places, but some are also filled with stores like cafes (places to drink coffee) and small restaurants. These alleyways have been part of Beijing’s life for hundreds of years, showing how people lived there in the past. Where Does the Name “Hutong” Come From? The word “hutong” has a long and interesting history. When Beijing was called Khanbaliq during the Yuan Dynasty, small alleyways were built in it. These alleyways were called Hottok in Mongolian. Over time, the name was translated (被翻译) into Chinese, becoming hutong. What Are Some Famous Hutongs? Beijing has many famous hutongs, such as Nanluogu Alley and Yandaixie Street. Each of them has a special historical and cultural meaning. Among them, Dongjiaomin Alley is longer than any other hutong in Beijing, with a length of 1,552 meters. ________ Hutongs are not only old streets but also living history! Walking through these small alleyways, tourists can see special houses and learn about traditional Beijing culture. Protecting hutongs helps keep the city’s history alive (活着的) and allows people to understand more about old Beijing. 1．What can we know about hutongs according to the passage? A．They are popular with tourists. B．They’re close to the old, winding alleyways. C．Most of them are filled with stores like cafes and small restaurants. D．They have a history of 100 years. 2．Which is the longest hutong in Beijing? A．Nanluogu Alley. B．Yandaixie Street. C．Dongjiaomin Alley. D．Guozijian Street. 3．Which can be best put in ________ in the passage? A．Why Are Hutongs Important? B．How Are Hutongs Built? C．How Do People Protect Hutongs? D．When Were Hutongs Built? 4．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To compare hutongs with other places in China. B．To introduce the most famous hutong. C．To explain the history and cultural importance of hutongs. D．To show how Hutongs have changed in recent years. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了北京胡同的历史渊源、功能特色及文化价值，并呼吁保护这些“活着的历史”。 1．细节理解题。根据“Hutongs interest many tourists every year”可知胡同深受游客欢迎。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Among them, Dongjiaomin Alley is longer than any other hutong in Beijing, with a length of 1,552 meters.”可知北京最长的胡同是东交民巷。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Hutongs are not only old streets but also living history...Protecting hutongs helps keep the city’s history alive (活着的) and allows people to understand more about old Beijing.”可知该段强调了胡同的重要性，故空白处应填“Why Are Hutongs Important?”。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了北京胡同的历史渊源、功能特色及文化价值，并呼吁保护这些“活着的历史”。故选C。 主题03 人与自我——健康与运动 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·重庆市永川区·期末） Do you like walking? Walking is an easy way to stay healthy. When you walk, your body uses fat for energy. This helps you stay at a good weight and avoid sickness like heart problems. Walking is also gentle on your knees and feet. Studies show walking helps young people think better. More blood goes to the brain, which improves memory. It also makes bones and muscles (骨头和肌肉) stronger. How much walking is enough? Many think 10, 000 steps daily is best, but this idea started from an old Japanese advertisement. Actually, 6, 000-10, 000 steps per day is fine for most Chinese people. When the weather is bad, walk inside at a mall or on a treadmill. As you get better, walk faster or uphill. Doctors say walking is healthy, but we can also try other exercises twice a week, like lifting weights or yoga. 1．What does your body use for energy when you walk? A．Fat. B．Salt. C．Sugar. D．Water. 2．Where did the idea that walking 10, 000 steps daily is best come from? A．A U.S. medical study. B．A Japanese advertisement. C．Modern scientific research. D．Advice from Chinese health experts. 3．What does the underlined word “It” refer to? A．Eating. B．Walking. C．Running. D．Sleeping. 4．What is the main idea of the article? A．Walking is good for our health. B．Walking is better than other sports. C．Everyone should walk 10, 000 steps. D．Walking is the only exercise you need. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了步行对健康的益处以及适合的步数建议。 1．细节理解题。根据文章“When you walk, your body uses fat for energy.”可知，步行时身体消耗脂肪作为能量。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章“Many think 10, 000 steps daily is best, but this idea started from an old Japanese advertisement.”可知，每日万步的理念源于日本的一则旧广告。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据文章“...walking helps young people think better...It also makes bones and muscles (骨头和肌肉) stronger.”可知，步行有助于年轻人更好地思考，它还使骨骼和肌肉更强壮。这些都是步行的好处，“It”指代“Walking”。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。全文介绍了步行的脂肪消耗、认知改善、骨骼强化等功能，以及科学的步数建议，核心观点是“步行对健康有益”。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·重庆市万州区·期末） Do you know yoga? As a popular sport, many people like doing it in their free time now. They think yoga can not only help them keep healthy but also make them feel relaxed. In fact, yoga isn’t a new thing. People in India started practicing it around 5,000 years ago. At that time, people found that many plants and animals could heal (治愈) themselves quickly. So they started to copy their movements (动作) and then the sport of yoga came to the world soon. Now over 300 million people in the world are practicing yoga. That’s because yoga has many benefits. According to NHS England, yoga can make you stronger, help you have a better sleep and keep you from getting too fat. What’s more, yoga is suitable (适合的) for everyone. Young kids or old people, all can learn it. Famous tennis player Novak Djokovic practices yoga, too. “Yoga helps me be the best and stops me from getting injured,” he says. After learning the facts about yoga, you must hope to start practicing it now. But don’t rush. There are some tips for you. First of all, wear comfortable clothes and take off your shoes and socks. Second, eat on time. Avoid eating anything one or two hours before doing yoga. Third, have fun and enjoy it. You can play music while doing yoga, or practice outside in a park. Last, keep going. Do it for 30 minutes every day. If you are busy, three times a week will be OK, too. 1．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A．The kinds of yoga. B．The birthplace of yoga. C．The problems of yoga. D．The places to practice yoga. 2．How many tips does the writer give us? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．You need to eat something after doing yoga. B．Novak Djokovic is famous for teaching yoga. C．Yoga has a history of about 300 years. D．People got the idea of yoga from animals and plants. 4．In which part of a newspaper can be read the passage? A．Science. B．Food. C．Health. D．Art. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了瑜伽这一运动的产生、什么人适合做瑜伽以及做瑜伽的注意事项等。 1．段落大意题。根据“In fact, yoga isn’t a new thing. People in India started practicing it around 5,000 years ago.”可知，本段主要介绍瑜伽的起源。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“First of all, wear comfortable clothes and take off your shoes and socks. Second, eat on time…Third, have fun and enjoy it…Last, keep going.”可知，文中提到了四点建议。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“At that time, people found that many plants and animals could heal (治愈) themselves quickly.”可知，人们从动物和植物那里得到了瑜伽的理念。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“Do you know yoga? As a popular sport, many people…”可知，瑜伽是一种运动。故选C。 主题04 人与社会——中华文化 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·重庆市渝中区·期末） In May, 2025, the Smithsonian’s National Museum returned the Zidanku Silk Manuscripts (子弹库帛书) to China. These texts, written on silk, are the oldest surviving (现存的) books in China and the only known manuscripts from the Warring States Period (475—221 BC) (战国时期). The manuscripts were found in 1942 in a tomb (坟墓) in Changsha, Hunan. However, they were stolen (偷) and taken to the US in 1946. Many people kept asking for their return because they knew how important they were to China. After many years of effort (努力), two parts of the manuscripts, Wuxing Ling (五行令) and Gongshou Zhan (攻守占), finally returned home.   The manuscripts are made up of three parts: The first part, Sishi Ling (四时令) describes what people should do during different seasons. The second part, Wuxing Ling includes a chart (图表) and text about the five elements (元素): wood, fire, earth, metal, and water. It tells people what they should or should not do each month. The third part, Gongshou Zhan is about war. It tells the best directions and the best time to fight. For years, experts studied these texts, uncovering their secrets. They show how ancient Chinese people understood nature, war, and time. Their return marks a big success in getting cultural heritage back and shows China’s growing ability to protect its history.   The two returned parts will be shown at the National Museum of China in July 2025. China will also continue to bring back the final missing part, Sishi Ling. As experts say, “This success proves that a weak nation loses treasures; a strong one revives (复兴) culture.” 1．How long have Wuxing Ling and Gongshou Zhan been abroad before returning to China? A．69 years. B．79 years. C．83 years. D．Over 2,000 years. 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．The manuscripts were kept in a museum before the year 1942. B．All three parts of the manuscripts have been returned to China. C．The return of cultural treasures shows China is getting stronger. D．Sishi Ling describes what people should or should not do each month. 3．How does the writer start this passage? A．By describing a recent event. B．By listing dates and numbers. C．By comparing past and present China. D．By telling a story about the Manuscripts. 4．What’s the best title of this passage? A．China Gets Back Its Oldest Silk Book B．Ancient Chinese Books Found in a Tomb C．How to Protect the Old Silk Manuscripts D．The History of Silk Manuscripts in China 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。  主要介绍了2025年5月，美国史密森尼国家博物馆向中国归还了战国时期的子弹库帛书中的《五行令》和《攻守占》两部分，还介绍了其发现、流失、内容及回归的意义，中国还将继续追回剩余部分《四时令》。 1．细节理解题。根据“The manuscripts were found in 1942 in a tomb in Changsha, Hunan. However, they were stolen and taken to the US in 1946.”以及“In May, 2025, the Smithsonian’s National Museum returned the Zidanku Silk Manuscripts to China.”“After many years of effort, two parts of the manuscripts, Wuxing Ling and Gongshou Zhan, finally returned home.”可知，1946年被盗至美国，2025年归还，2025-1946=79年。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Their return marks a big success in getting cultural heritage back and shows China’s growing ability to protect its history.”以及“As experts say, ‘This success proves that a weak nation loses treasures; a strong one revives culture.’”可知，文化瑰宝的回归表明中国正变得越来越强大。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“In May, 2025, the Smithsonian’s National Museum returned the Zidanku Silk Manuscripts to China.”可知，作者通过描述一个最近发生的事件（2025年5月子弹库帛书回归中国）开始这篇文章。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。文章主要讲述了中国最古老的丝绸书籍——子弹库帛书中的两部分（《五行令》和《攻守占》）回归中国的相关情况，包括其历史、内容以及回归的意义等。因此，“China Gets Back Its Oldest Silk Book”最适合作为标题。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·重庆市沙坪坝区南开中学校·期末） ①In 1942, in Changsha, China, archaeologists (考古学家) found something amazing—ancient books written on silk! These aren’t normal books. They are China’s oldest silk books: the Zidanku Silk Manuscripts (子弹库帛书) from the Warring States period (475—221 BC), showing ancient writing and thoughts across three volumes (卷)—Sishi Ling, Wuxing Ling, and Gongshou Zhan. ②Their journey, however, was marked by loss. In 1946, during the war, American collector John Cox cheated Chinese scholar Cai Jixiang to get the manuscripts, taking them abroad. For 79 years, they were moved among U. S. museums, far from their homeland. ③Chinese researchers worked hard, studying historical records and scientific facts to prove (证明) that they belonged to China. Finally, in 2025, after peaceful talks, an American museum returned two volumes—Wuxing Ling and Gongshou Zhan—at a ceremony in China’s embassy in Washington D．C． ④This return fixes a historical wrong, showing that stolen cultural treasures must go back to their homeland. It sets a strong example for museums around the world. ⑤Bringing lost treasures home was once nearly impossible, yet China’s tireless research and efforts made it happen, showing its ability to protect cultural treasures. ⑥The manuscripts’ return enables deeper historical understanding for future generations. In July 2025, the National Museum of China will hold an exhibition (展出) named “_________”, allowing public access to these treasures. Students and scholars alike will get new insights into China’s past. ⑦While two volumes are home, cultural experts are now looking for the first volume—Sishi Ling. Reuniting the full collection promises to unlock further secrets of these ancient writings and compose new chapters in the ongoing story of cultural homecoming. 1．What happened to the Zidanku Silk Manuscripts in 1946? A．They were found in Changsha. B．They were destroyed during the war. C．They were on show in a Chinese museum. D．They were taken away from China to America. 2．What is the best name for the exhibition mentioned in ⑥? A．Given and Taken: Sishi Ling’s Way Home B．Lost and Found: Cultural Treasures Returned C．Cultural Journeys: Learning about Wuxing Ling D．Ancient Writings: Stories from a Long Time Ago Which of the following can be put into No. a and No. b? 3．A．History. B．Culture. C．Meaning. D．Ability. 4．A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文介绍中国丝绸古籍手稿1942年在长沙被发现，1946年被美国收藏家带出国，后回归，及其回归的意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“In 1946, during the war, American collector John Cox cheated Chinese scholar Cai Jixiang to get the manuscripts, taking them abroad.”可知，1946年，美国收藏家将这些手稿带出国，也就是从中国带到了美国。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据文中内容可知，文章主要讲述了中国流失的丝绸古籍手稿的回归，这些手稿是失而复得的文化宝藏。选项B“失而复得：文化宝藏回归”符合展览主题，故选B。 3．主旨大意题。根据文中内容可知，①段介绍了古书手稿的历史背景，即“Background”。②③段讲述了手稿被带出国并且后来经过谈判回归的经历，即“Journey”；④⑤⑥段讲述了手稿回归的意义，包括纠正历史错误、展示保护文化宝藏的能力以及对后代了解历史的作用等，因此a处选择“Meaning”表示“意义”。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。根据文中内容可知，②③段讲述了手稿被带出国并且后来经过谈判回归的经历；④⑤⑥段讲述了手稿回归的意义，包括纠正历史错误、展示保护文化宝藏的能力以及对手后代了解历史的作用等。因此b处②③④⑤⑥段的结构为②③，④⑤⑥。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·重庆南岸区·期末） ①The Yellow River is one of the most famous rivers in China. It’s often called the “Mother River” because the ancient Chinese people lived along the river. The river gave them water to drink, land to farm, and a way to travel. It helped the early people build their villages and start their lives. ②However, the Yellow River is also known for its floods (洪水). In the past, the river would often rise too high, causing serious results. Houses, plants and even whole villages were broken apart. These floods made life very difficult for the people living near the river. ③Today, scientists use cool new technology to help stop these floods. One of the most useful tools is “Big Data” (大数据). Big Data collects lots of information and follows the river’s movement. This helps scientists compare the river’s historical information. Scientists also use this data to study the river and predict when a flood might happen. ④Another important technology is the “Internet of Things” (IoT 物联网). It uses special sensors (传感器) along the river to check things like water condition, weather, and earth. These sensors send real-time information to computers. The computers then understand the first-hand data and can remind people if a flood is coming. ⑤For example, if the river starts to rise too high, the sensors send alarms to nearby towns. People can then move to safer places before the flood arrives. It’s like having a smart helper that keeps everyone safe! ⑥With the help of Big Data and IoT, experts can now better manage the river. This helps better protect millions of people who live near the Yellow River. ⑦The Yellow River isn’t just important to China’s past. With modern technologies, it’s also a symbol of hope for the future. Now, we can better protect both the river and the people who depend on it. 1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Scientists still don’t know how to collect the information. B．Chinese people don’t live near the Yellow River any more. C．The floods never caused serious problems many years ago. D．Yellow River helped the ancient people build their villages. 2．Which of the following can we fill in with the word “manage” from Paragraph 6? A．Teng Fei didn’t _________ his left foot badly while he was playing football. B．Teng Fei had to _________ his sports bags before he went to play football. C．Teng Fei would _________ his teammates because they won the football match. D．Teng Fei can _________ the football team because of his problem-solving skills. 3．What can you infer from the passage? A．The river’s floods will be less dangerous by using technologies. B．Internet of Things will make the Yellow River dry in the future. C．Big Data helps scientists to predict when a flood might happen. D．Scientists can predict anything with the development of science. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了黄河的重要性、历史上的洪水问题以及如今借助大数据和物联网等现代技术来应对洪水，保护沿岸人民的情况。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第①段中“It helped the early people build their villages and start their lives.”可知，黄河帮助古代人们建立了村庄，故选D。 2．词句猜测题。第⑥段中manage表示“管理，治理”。选项D中manage the football team表示“管理足球队”，符合manage的含义。故选D。 3．推理判断题。文章介绍了大数据和物联网等技术用于预测和应对黄河洪水，由此可推断，通过这些技术，黄河洪水的危险性将会降低。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。文章第①段介绍黄河作为“母亲河”的重要性；第②段讲其洪水问题；第③-⑤段介绍应对洪水的两项技术；第⑥段总结技术带来的帮助，第⑦段黄河的象征意义。整体结构为“①-②-③④⑤⑥-⑦”，C选项符合这一结构。故选C。 主题01 人与社会——发明创造 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·重庆市鲁能巴蜀中学校·期末） Technology is the first power! It changes our lives in many ways. In recent years, China has made great progress in science and technology. It brings great pride and joy to people across the country. It makes our lives better and shows the world that China is becoming stronger and smarter. The CR450 train and the AG60E plane are two good examples. It is widely known that China has a well-developed high-speed railway network in the world. Now, the country is breaking its own speed record with the CR450. The CR450 can travel at a top speed (速度) of 453 kilometers an hour. Once put into use, it will take just about 2.5 hours to travel from Beijing to Shanghai, which takes at least 4.5 hours at the moment. Even though it can travel so fast, it can also start braking (刹车) quickly, taking just 1.7 seconds, and its noise level keeps low. It creates a safe and comfortable environment for passengers. With the advantages, the CR450 shows China’s leading role and great power to the world. The AG60E is China’s self-developed lightweight two-seat electric plane. It is 6.9 meters long, 2.6 meters high and 8.6 meters wide. It is mainly designed for pilot training, flight experience, and private travel. It uses an electric power system. Compared with the traditional plane, it doesn’t send out greenhouse gases, and its noise level is much lower. The AG60E electric plane draws the world’s attention, for it is a practice of China’s aviation industry (航空工业) towards air pollution. The AG60E is only a starting point. It is expected to become an important force to achieve green and low-carbon (低碳) development in the field of aviation. ▲ It makes travel faster, safer, and greener, and helps improve people’s daily lives in smart ways. At the same time, it shows China’s confidence (自信) to the world. With more new inventions, China will move toward a brighter future. We believe technology will keep making our lives better. 1．It is about 300 kilometers from Chongqing to Chengdu. How long will it take to travel from Chongqing to Chengdu by CR450 at the fastest speed? A．About 20 minutes. B．About 40 minutes. C．About 2.5 hours. D．About 4.5 hours. 2．Which reading skill can help you know the size of the AG60E most quickly? A．Skimming. B．Scanning. C．Guessing the meaning. D．Finding the order of events. 3．What do the CR450 and the AG60E have in common? A．Their noise level is low. B．They have been widely used. C．They can hold many passengers. D．They are both good for the environment. 4．Which sentence can be put in the “ ▲ ”? A．We are not sure about what will happen in the near future. B．The AG60E certainly shows the power of Chinese technology. C．China’s high technology is shining from the sky to the ground. D．But the high ticket price is still a problem for many people today. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文通过介绍中国高铁CR450和电动飞机AG60E的技术突破，展示了中国在高速交通和绿色航空领域的领先成就。 1．推理判断题。根据“The CR450 can travel at a top speed (速度) of 453 kilometers an hour.”可知，从重庆到成都大约有300公里，行程所需时间约为300÷450=2/3小时，即40分钟左右，故CR450最快的速度从重庆到成都需要40分钟。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“The AG60E is China’s self-developed lightweight two-seat electric plane. It is 6.9 meters long, 2.6 meters high and 8.6 meters wide.”可知，要想最快地了解AG60E的尺寸，应快速定位具体数据，属于“扫描阅读”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“and its noise level keeps low.”及“and its noise level is much lower.”可知，它们的共同之处是噪音水平都很低。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“It makes travel faster, safer, and greener, and helps improve people’s daily lives in smart ways.”可知，此处在说它们的成就，空处需要一个既能概括地面高铁又能概括空中飞机的总结性句子，选项C“中国的高科技正在从空中照耀到地面。 ”符合语境。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·重庆市秀山县·期末） ①Do you know Huawei will release (发行) personal computers using its self-made HarmonyOS on May 19th? These computers will use Huawei’s own HarmonyOS system. Huawei wants this system to compete with Microsoft’s Windows and Apple’s macOS. These systems have controlled computers for many years. ②A Huawei leader said it took five years to make HarmonyOS. Many engineers worked together. The system uses AI and connects phones, tablets, and computers smoothly. For example, you can start editing a file on your phone and continue your work immediately on a HarmonyOS computer. ③Now, over 300 apps like Bilibili (a video platform) already work on HarmonyOS PCs, with 2, 000 more being adapted (开发). Huawei says this system makes app development faster and cheaper compared to Windows. ④HarmonyOS started in 2019 after US restrictions (约束) limited Huawei’s access to American technology. Since then, it’s been used in cars, watches, and smart home devices. In early 2024, HarmonyOS became China’s No. 2 mobile system, beating Apple’s IOS. ⑤Experts say this is a big step for Chinese software. However, they warn HarmonyOS needs strong app support and smart marketing to compete globally. The next few years will test if it can become a world-class system. 1．Who said that it took five years to make HarmonyOS? A．A Huawei leader. B．A Huawei worker. C．A Huawei shopper. D．A Xiaomi leader. 2．How many apps are working on HarmonyOS PCs at present? A．Over 500. B．Over 300. C．Over 2, 000. D．Over 1, 000. 3．How does the writer start the topic? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking a question. C．By giving an example. D．By making comparisons. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A．①②/③④/⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①②/③/④⑤ D．①/②③/④⑤ 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了华为将于5月19日发布搭载自研鸿蒙系统的个人电脑，并阐述了鸿蒙系统的开发背景、功能特点及未来发展挑战。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A Huawei leader said it took five years to make HarmonyOS.”可知，提到鸿蒙系统开发耗时五年的是华为的一位领导。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Now, over 300 apps like Bilibili already work on HarmonyOS PCs...”可知，目前已有超过300款应用适配鸿蒙PC。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章首句“Do you know Huawei will release (发行) personal computers using its self-made HarmonyOS on May 19th?”可知，作者以问句形式引出话题，属于设问开篇。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，本文结构为：①段引入主题（华为将发布鸿蒙PC）→②③④段详细展开（②研发过程、③应用生态、④发展背景）→⑤段总结评价（专家观点与未来挑战）。故选B。 主题02 人与自我——意见建议 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·重庆市第八中学校·期末） ①Imagine you’re taking an exam, and that you find it difficult to answer those questions. Time’s running out. Would you waste the little chance that you get to cheat? Probably, some of us have once cheated in the test. ②Certainly, it’s not correct. It’s important to follow the rules because the world would turn into a total mess without rules. For example, if we all do what we want to do on the road, accidents would happen everywhere. ③However, according to Arnold Schwarzenegger, things are different. He once said, “We have so many rules in life about everything. But it’s impossible to be a creator if we pay too much attention to every single rule. We have to think outside the box.” ④Not all rules are actually needed. Some are created to restrain people, making people not able to do something; some become old and boring. And with time passing by and the development of the society, some rules have stopped people from achieving something new. So sometimes, it’s okay to break the rules. ⑤In 1823, William Webb Ellis was a pupil at Rugby School. He was tired of playing football in the old way, so the player took the ball in his arms and ran with it during a school football match. In this way, he started a new sport: rugby (英式橄榄球), named after his school. ⑥To break a certain rule in a smart way, you need to learn the rules first. Pablo Picasso was a talented artist, but he spent much time learning traditional drawing and painting skills before he found his own styles. Understand it fully before you break it—that’s what you can learn from great minds. ⑦Besides, each person has his own values (价值观). Before breaking the rules, think over whether it will go against your values. And the moment you decide to do that, you must be ready to face any possible result. ⑧Rules are meant to help us, not rule us. So, there is reason to believe that we should try to break some rules wisely, when they prevent us from becoming better. 1．What do Arnold Schwarzenegger’s words mean? A．There are too many rules to follow in people’s life. B．Some of the rules are useful, while others are not. C．People can not be successful without rules. D．People can try to break some rules when necessary. 2．The underlined word “restrain ”in Paragraph 4 can be put in ________. A．The room is so messy. Can’t you ________ these children? B．When someone promises he’ll keep his word, don’t ________ him at once. C．You are welcome to ________ the teachers if you have a different idea. D．He was so brave that he jumped into the river to ________ the old man. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．We are allowed to break the rules as long as we want to be more creative. B．Whether a rule should be followed may depend on different situations. C．We should think twice before breaking the rules. D．Thinking out of the box is the first step to break a rule. 4．What would be the best structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍在生活中我们可以打破一些规则，跳出思维定式，常常会有新的发现，但是在违反规则之前，想一想它是否与你的价值观相违背。当你决定这样做的那一刻你必须准备好有一个明智的想法来面对坏的结果。 1．细节理解题。根据“according to Arnold Schwarzenegger, things are different. He once said, ‘We have so many rules in life about everything. But it’s impossible to be a creator if we pay too much attention to every single rule. We have to think outside the box.’ ”可知，他认为人们要思维开阔并敢于打破一些规则，提出可以在有必要的时候尝试打破一些规则。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Some are created to restrain people, making people not able to do something; some become old and boring.”可知，一些规则使人不能做某些事，一些规则是旧的且无聊的，应该是“管制”了人们符合题意，“restrain”这里的意思是“管制”，而“The room is so messy. Can’t you ... these children?”，房间太乱了，需要“管制”一下这些孩子，符合题意。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“Not all rules are actually needed. Some are created to restrain people, making people not able to do something; some become old and boring. And with time passing by and the development of the society, some rules have stopped people from achieving something new. So sometimes, it’s okay to break the rules.”和“Rules are meant to help us, not rule us. So, there is reason to believe that we should try to break some rules wisely, when they prevent us from becoming better.”可知，并不是所有的规则是被需要的，随着社会的发展，有时候可以打破规则，所以，是否遵守一个规则可以取决于不同的情况。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一、二、三段引出话题，即在生活中我们可以打破一些规则；第四和五段分别提出有些规则是不必要的，并举例说明；第六和七段说明如何理智判断某些规则是否适合打破；第八段进行总结，当某一些规则阻止我们变得更好时，我们应该理性打破它们。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·重庆市梁平区·期末） Love them or hate them, selfies (自拍) show no sign of stopping. And they have been especially popular among young people during the holidays and festivals. The UK hotel booking website (网站) has done a survey among young people from UK. Nearly half of them took photos of themselves while on holiday, and 25 percent of them hurry to take their first photo even in the airport while waiting for the plane. After all, “it is the main way to show off on holiday”, said Daily Mail. And in order to take the best holiday selfies possible, the website has put together some useful posing (摆姿势) suggestions for you. Take a look. “Eating food” style Want to let everyone know how exciting your holiday food is? Hold up some food on your fork or chopsticks. You can also cut off a piece to show off what’s inside. But don’t have food hanging out of your mouth. Remember, food always looks best before being eaten. “I’m so brave” style Mountain climbing, hiking, surfing, or skiing? These exciting holiday activities are great times for a selfie. Just let the natural spot (地点) make people go “wow”. One most popular gesture is pointing both arms to the sky to show how much fun you are having. But remember that no one likes a sweaty (流汗的) selfie. “Interesting tourist” style Show where you are by taking a selfie with a famous spot. If it is bright outside, wearing a nice pair of sunglasses will not only stop you from closing your eyes, but also make you look great. You can also try to make yourself interesting by touching the top of the Eiffel Tower or picking the Sphinx’s (狮身人面像) nose. 1．The UK hotel booking website has done a survey among _________. A．American young people B．British young people C．Chinese young people D．Japanese young people 2．What does the underlined word “gesture” in Para. 4mean? A．姿势 B．相片 C．风景 D．相机 3．If you take a selfie on a sunny day outside, you are advised to _________. A．hold up some food B．close your eyes C．point both arms to the sky D．wear a nice pair of sunglasses 4．What is best title of the passage? A．Everybody Likes Selfies. B．A Main Way to Show off. C．Suggestions for Perfect Selfies. D．The Fun of selfies. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了自拍在年轻人中的流行现象，并提供了三种假日自拍建议：“美食”风格、“勇敢冒险”风格和“趣味游客”风格，帮助人们拍出完美的假日自拍照。 1．细节理解题。根据“The UK hotel booking website has done a survey among young people from UK.”可知，英国酒店预订网站是在英国年轻人中做的调查。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“One most popular gesture is pointing both arms to the sky to show how much fun you are having.”可知，一个最受欢迎的“姿势”是双臂指向天空来展示你有多开心，双臂指向天空是一个动作姿势，“gesture”在这里应该是“姿势、手势”的意思。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“If it is bright outside, wearing a nice pair of sunglasses will not only stop you from closing your eyes, but also make you look great.”可知，如果在外面阳光明媚的时候自拍，建议戴一副漂亮的太阳镜。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。根据文中内容可知，文章先是讲述了自拍在年轻人中很流行，然后重点介绍了网站为了让人们拍出最好的假日自拍而给出的一些摆姿势的建议。选项C“完美自拍的建议”能很好地概括文章内容。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·重庆市万州区·期末） Going to an art museum can be a fun activity. However, if you’re not sure what the art is about, it may seem boring. Here are many ways to understand different kinds of art. You don’t need to visit the most famous museum in your area. Instead, look at the websites of a few local (当地的) museums to see what exhibits (展览) they have, then choose one you’re interested in to visit. For example, if you enjoy taking photos, you might go to a photography exhibit. If a piece of art (艺术品) catches your eyes, you may start by getting close to the artwork. Think about the story the artwork may be trying to tell. Bring a notebook and pencil with you, so you can make a quick drawing yourself. This way, you might see new details (细节) of it that you didn’t notice before. If you want to find out more details of the artwork, a volunteer at the museum may be helpful to talk to you about it. Free brochures (手册) may also provide information. You can also ask yourself what the work means to you. For example, maybe the colors in the piece remind you of a place that’s special to you or the emotions you’ve been feeling. After you leave the museum, consider which pieces of art stay in your mind and why. Talk to a friend who went with you, and ask them about their favorite pieces, too. The way artists make themselves understood through their work is the magic of art really. 1．What’s the writer’s advice when choosing a museum? A．Ask your parents to help you take photos. B．Visit the most famous museum nearby. C．Choose an exhibit that interests you. D．Go to see a photography exhibit first. 2．Why do you need a notebook and pencil according to paragraph 3? A．To draw a similar picture by yourself. B．To draw a picture of yourself quickly. C．To write down the story of the artwork. D．To copy things from the free brochures. 3．What may be the magic of art really according to the last paragraph? A．The art pieces that stay in your mind for a long time. B．The way you understand an artist through their work. C．The story your favorite piece of art is trying to tell. D．The time you spend talking with your friend or adult. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?（P= Paragraph） A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何理解不同种类的艺术。 1．细节理解题。根据“You don’t need to visit the most famous museum in your area. Instead, have an adult help you look at the websites of a few local (当地的) museums to see what exhibits (展览) they have. Choose one you’re interested in to visit.”可知，作者建议选择自己感兴趣的展览去参观。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Bring a notebook and pencil with you, so you can make a quick drawing yourself. This way, you might see new details (细节) of it that you didn’t notice before.”可知，参观时需要笔记本和铅笔，从而自己画一幅类似的图。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“The way artists make themselves understood through their work is the magic of art really.”可知，艺术家们通过他们的作品让人们理解自己的方式，这真的是艺术的魔力。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，本文第一段介绍文章的主题：如何欣赏艺术品；第二、三、四、五段分别从不同方面具体阐述了如何欣赏艺术作品。故选A。 主题03 人与自然——动植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·重庆市第一中学校·期末） Have you heard of capybaras? They are famous because of an interesting song called “Capybara” that becomes so popular on the Internet. These lovely and smart animals are winning hearts with their easygoing nature. They always stay calm and keep in good mood. Do you know an adult capybara can weigh as much as a human? Capybaras can grow up to 1.4 meters long, 61 centimeters tall, and weigh up to 65 kilograms. They are the world’s largest rodent animals. Their teeth keep growing to eat plants. Like rabbits, their teeth are perfect for food. Capybaras are great swimmers. They like to live near rivers or lakes. Their webbed feet help them move easily in water. They can even sleep in water just with their noses outside. People may think they look scary because of their large size, but they are friendly and easy to get along with. They often let other animals, like birds or even monkeys, sit on their backs. These chubby and round animals live in the southern part of China. They love taking a shower, sleeping, and eating. Capybaras play an important role in nature. They are in the middle of the food chain (链). They eat plants, which stops grass from growing too much. They are also preys (猎物) for other wild animals. Many animals like crocodiles and eagles kill them for food. However, some wild capybaras are endangered. Their homes are being destroyed for farming and buildings. Water pollution also makes them sick. ▲ . Their living environment has become worse and worse so that the number of them is cutting down. We can all help protect capybaras. Supporting wildlife organizations that save their homes is important. Never buy things made of wild animals. Learning about these animals and telling others about the importance of saving them are also useful. Even small actions have special meanings to these lovely animals. 1．Why does the writer show the Internet song in Paragraph 1? A．To show how social media is important to animal protection. B．To catch readers’ eyes to read with a fun fact. C．To say no to modern young people’s hobbies D．To tell young people to love the song about animals. 2．What can we learn from the text? A．Capybaras are the smallest rodent animals in the world. B．Capybaras are popular because they are cute, easygoing and calm animals. C．Capybaras are easy to get along with because of their large size. D．Different illnesses lead the number of capybaras to cut down. 3．Which sentence can be put in ▲ ? A．These gentle animals often share their food with others B．Meanwhile, their webbed feet help them swim quickly C．It forces them to move into smaller areas because of polluted water D．We should do something to deal with the water pollution 4．Which of the following best shows the importance of capybaras in nature? A．Their large size helps them fight against other wild animals. B．They act as plant-eaters and preys for larger animals. C．Their webbed feet make them excellent swimmers. D．They get along well with other animals. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了水豚的特点、生活习性、在自然界中的作用以及面临的生存威胁。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“They are famous because of an interesting song called ‘Capybara’ that becomes so popular on the Internet.”可知，作者提到这首网络歌曲是为了用一个有趣的事实吸引读者的注意力。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“These lovely and smart animals are winning hearts with their easygoing nature. They always stay calm and keep in good mood.”可知，水豚因其可爱、随和和冷静的性格而受欢迎。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第6段“Their homes are being destroyed for farming and buildings. Water pollution also makes them sick.”可知，水豚的栖息地正在被破坏，水污染也使它们生病。因此，填入的句子应与此相关。选项C“It forces them to move into smaller areas because of polluted water”符合上下文逻辑。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第5段“They are in the middle of the food chain. They eat plants, which stops grass from growing too much. They are also preys for other wild animals.”可知，水豚在自然界中既是植物食者，也是其他大型动物的猎物。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·重庆市大足区·期末） Did you know that trees can “talk” with each other? They “talk” not to be helpful, but because they can’t help it, a new study said. It may look like each tree in a forest stands alone. But they’re connected (连接) underground by my corrhizal networks (菌根网络). These networks are made of very small threads of fungi (真菌丝). Between 80 to 90 percent of trees are on this “wood-wide web”. Earlier studies show that trees use it to warn others about danger, according to The Conversation. For example, when bugs (虫子) come to eat the leaves of a tree, the tree can send chemical signals (化学信号) through the networks. Other trees then pick up the messages and make special juice to keep the bugs away. However, a new study led by the UK’s University of Oxford says something different. After running tests on math models, scientists found that trees do not actually get anything from being nice. They may be better off sending fake warnings to cheat nearby plants. This is because trees fight for sunlight, water and food all the time. So, it does not make sense (讲得通) for a tree to help others when it is in trouble. So why do they send signals? Scientists think there may be two reasons. First, trees can’t help sending messages, just like we sometimes can’t stop our faces from turning red. Second, the fungi may be the ones spreading the signals because they need plants to live. 1．What did earlier studies say about trees sending signals? A．They warned others to avoid danger. B．They shared food through the networks. C．They attracted bugs to eat leaves. D．They helped younger trees grow. 2．What can we infer about the role of fungi in tree according to the passage? A．To help trees share food and water. B．To trick trees into growing faster. C．To keep themselves alive by helping trees. D．To control how trees fight for sunlight. 3．How does the author organize the information in the passage? A．By listing facts about trees in order of importance. B．By comparing old and new scientific ideas about trees. C．By telling a story of how scientists discovered fungi networks. D．By describing problems with forests and suggesting solutions. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．How bugs harm trees and ways to stop them. B．The discovery of fungi networks in forests. C．How trees fight for sunlight and water. D．Old and new ideas about why trees “talk” to each other. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了树木通过菌根网络“交流”的现象，对比了早期研究中树木发送信号用于警告危险的观点与牛津大学新研究中树木可能因生存竞争发送虚假信号的不同结论，并探讨了真菌在其中的作用。 1．细节理解题。根据“Earlier studies show that trees use it to warn others about danger”可知，早期研究认为树木发送信号是为了警告其他树木避开危险。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“the fungi may be the ones spreading the signals because they need plants to live”可推断，真菌传播信号是为了通过帮助树木来维持自身生存。故选C。   3．推理判断题。通读文章可知，文章先介绍早期研究中树木通过菌根网络传递危险警告的观点，再引出牛津大学新研究中“树木可能发送虚假信号”的不同结论，通过对比新旧科学观点组织信息。故选B。   4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要围绕树木“交流”的原因，阐述了早期研究和最新研究的不同观点。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·重庆市大足区·期末） Many people have pets to be happy. But they often forget that pets grow old and even die. These things can be very hard for owners. A study in China shows that more pets are aging. For example, 23 percent of pet dogs are now over seven years old. Chen Su, a 38-year-old woman, has a 17-year-old cat named Yuanbao. The cat can’t move anymore. Chen told New Weekly that she even stopped working and stays home to take care of Yuanbao every day. Money is another big problem. A man named Luo Sen spends thousands of yuan every month just to care for his old, sick dog. Losing a pet is also very difficult. According to Pet Departed, many people can’t sleep or eat well after their pets die. Caring for an old or sick pet takes a lot of time, money and love. That’s why everyone should think carefully before getting a pet. 1．At what age is a dog considered old according to the passage? A．4 years old. B．8 years old. C．40 years old. D．70 years old. 2．What did Chen Su do for her old cat Yuanbao? A．She gave it to a pet hospital. B．She spent thousands of yuan monthly. C．She lost it and bought a new pet. D．She stopped working to care for it at home. 3．What problem might people face after losing a pet? A．They forget about the pet quickly. B．They take another pet immediately. C．They can’t sleep or eat well. D．They feel happy and relaxed. 4．Why should people think carefully before getting a pet? A．Because it needs time, money, and love. B．Because pets might run away. C．Because pets grow old quickly. D．Because pets are hard to train. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了养宠物时可能面临宠物的变老、生病等情况。强调人们在养宠物之前要慎重考虑。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“A study in China shows that more pets are aging. For example, 23 percent of pet dogs are now over seven years old.”可知，百分之二十三的宠物狗超过七岁，即算老狗。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The cat can’t move anymore. Chen told New Weekly that she even stopped working and stays home to take care of Yuanbao every day.”可知，Chen为了照顾Yuanbao，停止工作并在家照顾它，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Losing a pet is also very difficult. According to Pet Departed, many people can’t sleep or eat well after their pets die.”可知，失去宠物后，人们面临“吃不好、睡不好”的问题。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Caring for an old or sick pet takes a lot of time, money and love. That’s why everyone should think carefully before getting a pet.”可知，养宠物之前要谨慎思考的原因是，照顾生病或者衰老的宠物，需要时间、金钱和爱。故选A。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $