暑假作业01 高二英语核心词汇辨析与语境运用（巩固培优）高二英语通用版

**基本信息** 聚焦高二英语核心词汇“形义辨析-语境运用”双维度突破，以四大能力培养为核心，构建“知识分类-方法提炼-题型应用”的系统化训练体系，提升语言运用与思维辨析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心知识梳理|20组易混动词/10组名词/9组形副/5类短语/10个熟词生义|语境辨析、熟词生义、固定搭配、词性转换四大能力；词不离句、搭配优先等核心原则|从“形义易混”词汇分类（动词→名词→形副→短语）到“熟词生义”拓展，再到语境运用原则，形成“识别-辨析-运用”递进逻辑| |题型应用训练|单选9题+语法填空10题+语篇填空2篇+完成句子10题|通过“选项对比法”“语境词性判断法”“固定搭配定位法”解决易混词误用问题|题型覆盖高考核心题型（单选/语法填空/语篇填空），对应词汇辨析（单选）、词性转换（语法填空）、综合运用（语篇/完成句子）的能力层级|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业01 高二英语核心词汇辨析与语境运用 核心知识梳理 词汇是英语语言的基石，是阅读、完形、语法填空、写作等所有题型的解题核心。高二阶段核心词汇考查重点不再是单纯识记拼写，而是语境辨析、熟词生义、固定搭配、词性转换四大能力。高考及高二期末高频考点集中在：易混动词辨析、形近义异词汇、动词短语搭配、名词/形容词高频辨析、语境词性活用。 重点梳理高二高频易错词汇，聚焦“形相近、义相似、易混用”的核心词汇，结合真实语境训练，解决学生词汇死记硬背、不会活用、做题混淆的核心问题，全面提升词汇语境运用能力。 （一）高频易混动词辨析（核心+搭配+短句） 1. way/method/means way 通用方法；method 科学方法；means 手段（by means of） 2. spend/cost/take/pay 人+spend time/money on/(in) doing； 物+cost sb. money； It takes sb. time to do； 人+pay for 3. borrow/lend/keep borrow sth. from sb.（借入）； lend sth. to sb.（借出）； keep（长时间借用） 4. advise/persuade advise sb. to do（劝说，未必成）； persuade sb. to do（说服，已成） 5. rise/raise/arise rise (vi.) 自然上升； raise (vt.) 人为举起 / 提高； arise (vi.) 问题 / 困难出现 6. affect/effect/influence affect (v.) 影响； effect (n.) 效果（have an effect on）； influence 潜移默化影响 7. accept/receive receive 客观收到； accept 主观接受 8. refuse/reject/decline refuse to do（直白拒绝）； reject（坚决驳回）； decline to do（委婉谢绝） 9. damage/destroy/ruin damage 可修复损坏； destroy 彻底摧毁； ruin 毁掉（前程 / 生活） 10. miss/lose miss 错过 / 想念； lose 丢失 / 输掉 11. allow/permit/admit allow sb. to do； permit（正式允许）； admit doing 承认 12. remember/remind/recall remember to do 记得要做 /doing 记得做过； remind sb. of/to do 提醒； recall 回忆 13. match/fit/suit match 配色 / 配对； fit 尺寸合身； suit 气质 / 场合合适 14. divide/separate divide into 整体拆分； separate from 两两分离 15. discover/invent/create discover 发现（原有事物）； invent 发明（新事物）；create 创造（艺术 / 抽象） 16. manage/try manage to do 设法做成； try to do 努力； try doing 尝试 17.consist/include consist of 由… 组成（无被动）； include 包含（部分） 18. require / request / demand require：侧重事物客观“需要、要求”，多用于事物、规则、工作； request：侧重礼貌地“请求、恳请”，多用于人际场景； demand：侧重强硬、正式的“要求、索要”，语气强烈。 19. reduce / decrease / decline reduce：人为主动“减少、降低”； decrease：数量、数据自然下降； decline：侧重水平、质量、健康、局势的衰退、下滑。 20. remind / recall / remember remind：提醒、使想起（固定搭配 remind sb. of sth.）； recall：主动回忆、追忆； remember：普通记忆、记得。 （二）高频易混名词辨析 1. advice/suggestion/proposal advice (不可数) 建议； suggestion 普通提议； proposal 正式提案 2. experience 经验 (不可数)；经历 (可数) 3. problem/question/trouble solve problem 解决难题； answer question 回答问题； get into trouble 陷入麻烦 4. chance/opportunity chance 偶然机会 / 可能性； opportunity 良机 5. result/effect/consequence result 直接结果； effect 影响； consequence 不良后果 6. habit/custom/tradition habit 个人习惯； custom 地域风俗； tradition 世代传统 7. view/sight/scenery view 观景 / 观点； sight 景象 / 视力； scenery 自然风光（不可数） 8. power/strength/force power 权力 / 电力； strength 体力； force 武力 / 外力 9. price/cost/value price 售价； cost 成本； value 价值 （三）高频易混形容词 & 副词辨析 1. -ed/-ing 类： 人用 -ed（感到…）， 物用-ing（令人…） surprised/surprising； interested/interesting； excited/exciting 2. alone/lonely alone 独自（状态）； lonely 孤独（情绪） 3. alive/living/lively alive 活着（表语）； living 现存的； lively 活泼的 4. also/too/either also 句中； too 肯定句末； either 否定句末 5. almost/nearly/hardly almost 几乎（可接否定）； nearly 将近； hardly 几乎不 6. especially/specially especially 尤其； specially 专门地 7. late/lately/later late 晚； lately 最近； later 后来 8. fast/quick/rapid fast 速度快； quick 反应快； rapid 变化迅猛 9. quiet/silent/still quiet 安静（无噪音）； silent 沉默（不说话）； still 静止（不动） （4） 高频易混短语 1. break 系列 break down 出故障 / 崩溃； break up 分手 / 解散； break out 爆发； break in 闯入 / 插嘴 2. come 系列 come across 偶遇； come about 发生； come out 出版 / 开花； come up with 想出 3. get 系列 get over 克服 / 康复； get rid of 摆脱 get through 通过 / 接通； 4. give 系列 give up 放弃； give in 屈服； give away 赠送 / 泄露 5. look 系列 look forward to 期待； look up to 尊敬； look down on 轻视 6. make 系列 make up 编造 / 化妆 / 弥补； make out 辨认； make for 走向 7. 替换类 take place 发生（无被动）； take the place of /in place of /instead of 代替 （五）高频熟词生义（必考） drive 驾驶→驱使； charge 收费→指控 / 充电 / 负责 cover 覆盖→报道 / 走完路程； run 跑→经营 / 运转 book 书本→预订； order 命令→点菜 / 秩序 mean 意思是→吝啬的； sound 声音→合理的 fit 适合→健康的； fair 公平的→集市 / 浅色的 （六）词汇语境运用核心原则 1. 词不离句：词汇含义必须结合上下文语境判断，杜绝孤立记词义； 2. 熟词生义：重点掌握高二高频熟词拓展义（如 run 表示“运营”、cover 表示“涵盖、报道”）； 3. 词性适配：根据句子成分判断所需词性（名/动/形/副），规避词性误用； 4. 搭配优先：词汇选择优先匹配固定短语、句式搭配，而非单纯语义贴合。 一、单项选择 1. The school rules________ that every student must wear school uniforms on campus. A. request B. require C. inquire D. recall 2. The new policy is designed to_______ the pressure on young workers. A. reduce B. increase C. raise D. advance 3. The photo always_______ me of the happy days I spent with my classmates. A. reminds B. recalls C. remembers D. informs 4. She tried to_______ herself to the new school life after entering senior high. A. Adopt B. adapt C. adjust D. admit 5. We should respect the_______ of every person, regardless of their gender and age. A. equality B. quality C. quantity D. identity 6. With_______technology, people’s life becomes more convenient. A. advance B. advanced C. advancing D. advancement 7. The teacher_______ that all the homework should be handed in before dusk. A. demanded B. begged C. doubted D. debated 8. Reading can_______our horizons and enrich our spiritual world. A. expand B. extend C. expend D. explore 9．Competition is healthy for the society, but pushing it too far ________ mental illness. A．results from B．as a result C．as a result of D．results in 一、单句语法填空 1. Everyone should be treated with full ________ (equal) in society. 2. The ________ (advance) equipment greatly improves our work efficiency. 3. His words gave me strong ________ (encourage) when I was in trouble. 4. We need to make careful ________ (prepare) for the coming exam. 5. It is ________ (disappoint) that we failed the competition. 6. She looked ________ (excite) when she heard the good news. 2、 语篇填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确式 Passage 01 There are all kinds of 1 (festival)throughout the world，festivals to satisfy and please the ancestors，to honour some famous people 2 important events，and to express people’s gratitude to the God for bringing them a year of plenty.For example，Japanese observe Obon,when people go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. 3 India，October 2 is a national festival to honour Mohandas Gandhi，who helped India become an 4 (depend) country.And in China the Spring Festival, 5 is celebrated in January or February，is the 6 (much)energetic and important because it is a festival that 7 (look) forward to the coming of spring.Why are all these festivals everywhere？Because during the festivals，people can get together 8 ( eat)，drink and have fun with each other, 9 (forget) all the 10 (day) struggles and demands for a while. Passage 02 Last week,our yearly school sports meeting 1 (hold) and the students of our class took 2 active part in it.On the first day,we watched the impressive opening ceremony 3 (perform) by energetic teachers and students.Soon,the games formally began.Some of my classmates ran to the track to cheer for the 4 （athlete）while others remained 5 (seat),watching them from a distance.I was 6 (excite) because I would compete 7 the 100-meter dash with my classmates cheering.Unfortunately,I fell on the ground, 8 (miss) the chance to win.What a pity!Although I failed,I was still looking forward to a 9 (good) performance the next day.However,as a result of the rain,we had to put off the sports meeting, 10 made us disappointed. 3、 完成句子（词汇搭配运用） go up   feel like      Absolutely     accustomed to           possessed     take risks   result in      take it easy      on the other hand   make sense 1．What annoyed his father was that he did no work. 2．You have no right to with other people’s lives. 3．If you want to make the kite ,pull the  string  hard ,then release it slowly. 4．If left untreated ,the condition will eventually blindness. 5．Do you sharing your experience with the rest of your group? 6．She was a person having eight hours sleep a night ,so she is full of energy during the daytime. 7．Why did she do a thing like that ?It doesn’t  seem to . 8．You have been working hard all afternoon ,Steve,sit down and for a few minutes. 9．He decided to give away everything he to help the poor. 10．The parents wanted to go for a ride ,and ,the children wanted to stay at home and play with their friends. 1.、情境综合运用 根据语境用所给词的适当形式填空（熟词生义+词汇辨析） To live a better life, we need to ________ (constant) improve ourselves. The process is tough and sometimes ________ (disappoint), but persistent efforts will surely lead to ________ (equal) opportunities for everyone. Advanced mindset and good habits are the best ________ (prepare) for our future. 2. 综合能力提升 完成句子（词汇搭配运用） （1）这件事让我意识到坚持的重要性。(remind) This matter ________ ________ ________ the importance of perseverance. （2）我们应该努力适应快速变化的社会。(adapt) We should try our best to ________ ________ ________ the rapidly changing society. 3. 汉译英（高阶词汇语境输出） （1）最重要的是，持续的努力比短暂的天赋更有价值。(most importantly) （2）拥有积极的心态能帮助我们应对生活中的各种挑战。(positive) 4. 完成句子（词汇搭配运用） go for, have an effect on, stand for, keep an eye on, set up, feed on, focus on, be involved in, with the aim of, as well as 1．The community plans to launch a campaign helping victims of crime. 2．The letters WTO World Trade Organization. 3．I am sure that the factory will our natural environment. 4．He the murder which caused the death of three people. 5．Today we are going to the problems of homeless people. 6．—I'm thinking of going back to school to get another degree. —Sounds great！ it. 7．The company plans to branches elsewhere in Europe. 8．All animals including man plants or other animals. 5. 单句语法填空 1． (compare) your handwriting with his, you should see his is better. 2．My friend suggested that I (make) more efforts to enter my dream university. 3．Bike sharing is booming in our country, which leads to us (get) around easier than before. 4．It’s obvious that British English and American English have a lot in common though they differ some aspects. 5．Students have to overcome plenty of difficulties and fears to gain (remark) achievements in their academic performance. 6．You should put these medicines in the place your children can’t find them. 7．We all agree with the idea we should make most of our time to study. 8．I can see what influence these courses might have the whole educational work. 9．The organization gives help to people in need, as well as (raise) money for local charities. 10．We were about the instructions on the bottle. That is to say, there was some as to what was really in it. (confuse) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业01 高二英语核心词汇辨析与语境运用 核心知识梳理 词汇是英语语言的基石，是阅读、完形、语法填空、写作等所有题型的解题核心。高二阶段核心词汇考查重点不再是单纯识记拼写，而是语境辨析、熟词生义、固定搭配、词性转换四大能力。高考及高二期末高频考点集中在：易混动词辨析、形近义异词汇、动词短语搭配、名词/形容词高频辨析、语境词性活用。 重点梳理高二高频易错词汇，聚焦“形相近、义相似、易混用”的核心词汇，结合真实语境训练，解决学生词汇死记硬背、不会活用、做题混淆的核心问题，全面提升词汇语境运用能力。 （一）高频易混动词辨析（核心+搭配+短句） 1. way/method/means way 通用方法；method 科学方法；means 手段（by means of） 2. spend/cost/take/pay 人+spend time/money on/(in) doing； 物+cost sb. money； It takes sb. time to do； 人+pay for 3. borrow/lend/keep borrow sth. from sb.（借入）； lend sth. to sb.（借出）； keep（长时间借用） 4. advise/persuade advise sb. to do（劝说，未必成）； persuade sb. to do（说服，已成） 5. rise/raise/arise rise (vi.) 自然上升； raise (vt.) 人为举起 / 提高； arise (vi.) 问题 / 困难出现 6. affect/effect/influence affect (v.) 影响； effect (n.) 效果（have an effect on）； influence 潜移默化影响 7. accept/receive receive 客观收到； accept 主观接受 8. refuse/reject/decline refuse to do（直白拒绝）； reject（坚决驳回）； decline to do（委婉谢绝） 9. damage/destroy/ruin damage 可修复损坏； destroy 彻底摧毁； ruin 毁掉（前程 / 生活） 10. miss/lose miss 错过 / 想念； lose 丢失 / 输掉 11. allow/permit/admit allow sb. to do； permit（正式允许）； admit doing 承认 12. remember/remind/recall remember to do 记得要做 /doing 记得做过； remind sb. of/to do 提醒； recall 回忆 13. match/fit/suit match 配色 / 配对； fit 尺寸合身； suit 气质 / 场合合适 14. divide/separate divide into 整体拆分； separate from 两两分离 15. discover/invent/create discover 发现（原有事物）； invent 发明（新事物）；create 创造（艺术 / 抽象） 16. manage/try manage to do 设法做成； try to do 努力； try doing 尝试 17.consist/include consist of 由… 组成（无被动）； include 包含（部分） 18. require / request / demand require：侧重事物客观“需要、要求”，多用于事物、规则、工作； request：侧重礼貌地“请求、恳请”，多用于人际场景； demand：侧重强硬、正式的“要求、索要”，语气强烈。 19. reduce / decrease / decline reduce：人为主动“减少、降低”； decrease：数量、数据自然下降； decline：侧重水平、质量、健康、局势的衰退、下滑。 20. remind / recall / remember remind：提醒、使想起（固定搭配 remind sb. of sth.）； recall：主动回忆、追忆； remember：普通记忆、记得。 （二）高频易混名词辨析 1. advice/suggestion/proposal advice (不可数) 建议； suggestion 普通提议； proposal 正式提案 2. experience 经验 (不可数)；经历 (可数) 3. problem/question/trouble solve problem 解决难题； answer question 回答问题； get into trouble 陷入麻烦 4. chance/opportunity chance 偶然机会 / 可能性； opportunity 良机 5. result/effect/consequence result 直接结果； effect 影响； consequence 不良后果 6. habit/custom/tradition habit 个人习惯； custom 地域风俗； tradition 世代传统 7. view/sight/scenery view 观景 / 观点； sight 景象 / 视力； scenery 自然风光（不可数） 8. power/strength/force power 权力 / 电力； strength 体力； force 武力 / 外力 9. price/cost/value price 售价； cost 成本； value 价值 （三）高频易混形容词 & 副词辨析 1. -ed/-ing 类： 人用 -ed（感到…）， 物用-ing（令人…） surprised/surprising； interested/interesting； excited/exciting 2. alone/lonely alone 独自（状态）； lonely 孤独（情绪） 3. alive/living/lively alive 活着（表语）； living 现存的； lively 活泼的 4. also/too/either also 句中； too 肯定句末； either 否定句末 5. almost/nearly/hardly almost 几乎（可接否定）； nearly 将近； hardly 几乎不 6. especially/specially especially 尤其； specially 专门地 7. late/lately/later late 晚； lately 最近； later 后来 8. fast/quick/rapid fast 速度快； quick 反应快； rapid 变化迅猛 9. quiet/silent/still quiet 安静（无噪音）； silent 沉默（不说话）； still 静止（不动） （4） 高频易混短语 1. break 系列 break down 出故障 / 崩溃； break up 分手 / 解散； break out 爆发； break in 闯入 / 插嘴 2. come 系列 come across 偶遇； come about 发生； come out 出版 / 开花； come up with 想出 3. get 系列 get over 克服 / 康复； get rid of 摆脱 get through 通过 / 接通； 4. give 系列 give up 放弃； give in 屈服； give away 赠送 / 泄露 5. look 系列 look forward to 期待； look up to 尊敬； look down on 轻视 6. make 系列 make up 编造 / 化妆 / 弥补； make out 辨认； make for 走向 7. 替换类 take place 发生（无被动）； take the place of /in place of /instead of 代替 （五）高频熟词生义（必考） drive 驾驶→驱使； charge 收费→指控 / 充电 / 负责 cover 覆盖→报道 / 走完路程； run 跑→经营 / 运转 book 书本→预订； order 命令→点菜 / 秩序 mean 意思是→吝啬的； sound 声音→合理的 fit 适合→健康的； fair 公平的→集市 / 浅色的 （六）词汇语境运用核心原则 1. 词不离句：词汇含义必须结合上下文语境判断，杜绝孤立记词义； 2. 熟词生义：重点掌握高二高频熟词拓展义（如 run 表示“运营”、cover 表示“涵盖、报道”）； 3. 词性适配：根据句子成分判断所需词性（名/动/形/副），规避词性误用； 4. 搭配优先：词汇选择优先匹配固定短语、句式搭配，而非单纯语义贴合。 一、单项选择 1. The school rules________ that every student must wear school uniforms on campus. A. request B. require C. inquire D. recall 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：校规要求所有学生在校必须穿校服。A. request 礼貌请求；B. require（规则、事物）要求；C. inquire 询问；D. recall 回忆。主语为 school rules（规章制度），客观规则要求用 require，故选B。 2. The new policy is designed to_______ the pressure on young workers. A. reduce B. increase C. raise D. advance 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：新政策旨在减轻年轻职场人的压力。A. reduce 减少、减轻；B. increase 增加；C. raise 提升、举起；D. advance 推进、前进。结合政策正向作用，此处指减轻压力，故选A。 3. The photo always_______ me of the happy days I spent with my classmates. A. reminds B. recalls C. remembers D. informs 【答案】A 【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：这张照片总能让我想起和同学们共度的美好时光。固定搭配 remind sb. of sth. 表示“使某人想起某事”，为高频固定用法。故选A。 4. She tried to_______ herself to the new school life after entering senior high. A. Adopt B. adapt C. adjust D. admit 【答案】B 【解析】考查形近动词辨析。句意：升入高中后，她努力适应新的校园生活。adapt oneself to sth. 为固定搭配，意为“使自己适应某物”；adopt 意为“收养、采纳”，adjust 后常接 to，侧重调整状态，admit 意为“承认”。故选B。 5. We should respect the_______ of every person, regardless of their gender and age. A. equality B. quality C. quantity D. identity 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们应当尊重每个人的平等权，无论性别与年龄。A. equality 平等；B. quality 质量、品质；C. quantity 数量；D. identity 身份。结合句意，选A。 6. With_______technology, people’s life becomes more convenient. A. advance B. advanced C. advancing D. advancement 【答案】B 【解析】考查形容词作定语。句意：随着先进技术的发展，人们的生活变得更加便利。空处修饰名词 technology，需用形容词 advanced 表示“先进的、高级的”。故选B。 7. The teacher_______ that all the homework should be handed in before dusk. A. demanded B. begged C. doubted D. debated 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师要求所有作业必须在黄昏前上交。A. demanded （正式、严格）要求；B. begged 乞求；C. doubted 怀疑；D. debated 辩论。老师布置作业为正式要求，故选A。 8. Reading can_______our horizons and enrich our spiritual world. A. expand B. extend C. expend D. explore 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：阅读可以拓宽我们的视野，丰富我们的精神世界。expand horizons 为固定搭配“拓宽视野”；extend 侧重时间、空间延伸；expend 花费；explore 探索。故选A。 9．Competition is healthy for the society, but pushing it too far ________ mental illness. A．results from B．as a result C．as a result of D．results in 【答案】D 【解析】考查短语词义辨析。句意：竞争对社会的健康发展有益，但过于激烈会导致精神疾病。A. results from由……导致；B. as a result结果；C. as a result of作为……的结果；D. results in导致。根据“pushing it too far ”可知，过于激烈导致精神疾病，故选D。 10．Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside his bed to keep himself __________ of his own dreams. A．reminded B．having reminded C．reminding D．being reminded 【答案】A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Michael在床边挂了一张姚明的照片，提醒自己不要忘记自己的梦想。此处是“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，remind和himself之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选A。 一、单句语法填空 1. Everyone should be treated with full ________ (equal) in society. 【答案】equality 【解析】考查名词。句意：社会中每个人都应被平等对待。空前为介词 with，后接名词作宾语，equality 表示“平等”，不可数名词。故填 equality。 2. The ________ (advance) equipment greatly improves our work efficiency. 【答案】advanced 【解析】考查形容词。句意：先进的设备极大提升了我们的工作效率。空处修饰名词 equipment，用形容词 advanced“先进的”作定语。故填 advanced。 3. His words gave me strong ________ (encourage) when I was in trouble. 【答案】encouragement 【解析】考查名词。句意：在我困境之时，他的话给了我极大的鼓励。形容词 strong 修饰名词，encouragement 表示“鼓励”，不可数名词。故填 encouragement。 4. We need to make careful ________ (prepare) for the coming exam. 【答案】preparations 【解析】考查名词固定搭配。句意：我们需要为即将到来的考试认真准备。make preparations for 为固定搭配“为……做准备”。故填 preparations。 5. It is ________ (disappoint) that we failed the competition. 【答案】disappointing 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：我们比赛失利，令人很失望。it 作形式主语，指代整件事，修饰事物用 disappointing“令人失望的”。故填 disappointing。 6. She looked ________ (excite) when she heard the good news. 【答案】excited 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：听到这个好消息，她看起来很兴奋。修饰人 的感受用 excited“感到兴奋的”。故填 excited。 2、 语篇填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确式 Passage 01 There are all kinds of 1 (festival)throughout the world，festivals to satisfy and please the ancestors，to honour some famous people 2 important events，and to express people’s gratitude to the God for bringing them a year of plenty.For example，Japanese observe Obon,when people go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. 3 India，October 2 is a national festival to honour Mohandas Gandhi，who helped India become an 4 (depend) country.And in China the Spring Festival, 5 is celebrated in January or February，is the 6 (much)energetic and important because it is a festival that 7 (look) forward to the coming of spring.Why are all these festivals everywhere？Because during the festivals，people can get together 8 ( eat)，drink and have fun with each other, 9 (forget) all the 10 (day) struggles and demands for a while. 【答案】 1．festivals 2．or 3．In 4．independent 5．which 6．most 7．looks 8．to eat 9．forgetting 10．daily 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，以三个国家的节日为例介绍了世界上有很多节日及其意义。 1．考查名词复数。句意：世界上有各种各样的节日。all kinds of修饰可数名词复数，故填festivals。 2．考查连词。句意：这些节日以纪念一些著名的人或重要的事件。根据句意可知此处表示“或者”，故填or。 3．考查介词。句意：在印度，10月2日是一个全国性的节日，以纪念帮助印度成为一个独立国家的莫罕达斯·甘地。表示“在某一国家”用介词in，故填In。 4．考查形容词。句意参考上题解析，修饰名词country用形容词，故填independent。 5．考查非限定性定语从句。句意：在中国，人们在一月或二月庆祝春节。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词the Spring Festival，并在从句中作主语，故填which。 6．考查形容词最高级。句意：春节是最充满活力和最重要的，因为它是一个期待春天到来的节日。the修饰形容词最高级，故填most。 7．考查时态和主谓一致。句意参考上题解析，陈述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，that引导定语从句，指代a festival，是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填looks。 8．考查不定式。句意：因为在节日期间，人们可以聚在一起吃喝玩乐，暂时忘却所有日常的烦扰。此处表示目的，应该用不定式作目的状语，故填to eat。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题解析，people与forget之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语，故填forgetting。 10．考查形容词。句意参考第8题解析，修饰名词struggles and demands用形容词，故填daily。 【点睛】定语从句是语法填空的常见考点，定语从句的解题分两步走，一是找准先行词，二是判断关系词在从句中所作的成分，例如本篇第5题，先行词为the Spring Festival，指物，关系词在非限定性定语从句中作主语，注意that不能引导非限定性定语从句，故填which。 Passage 02 Last week,our yearly school sports meeting 1 (hold) and the students of our class took 2 active part in it.On the first day,we watched the impressive opening ceremony 3 (perform) by energetic teachers and students.Soon,the games formally began.Some of my classmates ran to the track to cheer for the 4 （athlete）while others remained 5 (seat),watching them from a distance.I was 6 (excite) because I would compete 7 the 100-meter dash with my classmates cheering.Unfortunately,I fell on the ground, 8 (miss) the chance to win.What a pity!Although I failed,I was still looking forward to a 9 (good) performance the next day.However,as a result of the rain,we had to put off the sports meeting, 10 made us disappointed. 【答案】 1．was held 2．an 3．performed 4．athletes 5．seated 6．excited 7．in 8．missing 9．better 10．which 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了上周作者所在学校举办了每年都举办的运动会，尽管作者在比赛过程中摔倒了，但作者仍然期待着第二天的良好表现。但天不作美，由于天气原因，运动会被推迟，使同学们很失望。 1．考查一般过去时。由“Last week”可知，本句为一般过去时,our yearly school sports meeting 为主语，与谓语hold为被动，所以应填was held。故填 was held。 2．考查冠词。表示抽象的特性、状态、思维以及动作行为的一次、一种、一场、一类等的名词，有时可具体化为可数名词。这时常组成“a／an＋形容词＋抽象名词”结构。part为抽象名词被active修饰，且active首字母的发音为元音因素，所以用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 3．考查过去分词。分析句子可知，ceremony与perform在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填performed 。 4．考查名词复数。athlete为可数名词。本句指多个运动员，所以用复数athletes 。故填athletes 。 5．考查形容词。be seated“就坐”为固定短语，remain为系动词后接seated作表语。故填seated。 6．考查形容词。以后缀 –ed结尾的形容词通常用于说明人。本句的主语为I, 所以表语应为excited。故填excited。 7．考查介词。in the 100-meter dash “在百米冲刺”in“在......里”符合句意。故填in。 8．考查现在分词。分析句子可知，I 与miss 在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填missing。 9．考查形容词比较级。分析句子可知，因为作者在运动会当天摔倒了，所以作者期望明天的表现比今天的好。所以用形容词的比较级。故填better。 10．考查关系代词。分析句子可知，which为非限制性定语从句的先行词，指代前面的整个句子，作定语从句的主语。故填which。 3、 完成句子（词汇搭配运用） go up   feel like      Absolutely     accustomed to           possessed     take risks   result in      take it easy      on the other hand   make sense 1．What annoyed his father was that he did no work. 2．You have no right to with other people’s lives. 3．If you want to make the kite ,pull the  string  hard ,then release it slowly. 4．If left untreated ,the condition will eventually blindness. 5．Do you sharing your experience with the rest of your group? 6．She was a person having eight hours sleep a night ,so she is full of energy during the daytime. 7．Why did she do a thing like that ?It doesn’t  seem to . 8．You have been working hard all afternoon ,Steve,sit down and for a few minutes. 9．He decided to give away everything he to help the poor. 10．The parents wanted to go for a ride ,and ,the children wanted to stay at home and play with their friends. 【答案】 1．Absolutely 2．take risks 3．go up 4．result in 5．feel like 6．accustomed to 7．make sense 8．take it easy 9．possessed 10．on the other hand 【详解】 1．absolutely adv. 完全地。让他父亲恼怒的是，他根本没干活。 2．take risks 冒险。你没有权利拿别人的生命冒险。 3．go up 上升。如果你想放飞这个风筝，努力拉紧绳子，然后慢慢放开它。 4．result in 结果。如果放任不治疗，最终结果会失明。 5．feel like喜欢，想要。你想跟你的其他队友分享你的经历吗？ 6．accustomed to 习惯于…。accustomed to为过去分词结构，在此处做后置定语，修饰a person。她是一个习惯了晚上睡8小时的人，因此白天她精力饱满。 7．make sense 有意义，讲得通，言之有理。他为什么要做那事？这好像讲不通啊。 8．take it easy 从容，不急，别紧张。你一下午都一直在努力工作了，Steve，坐下休息几分钟吧。 9．processed 拥有。此处用一般过去时态。他决定把他所拥有的一切捐赠出去来帮助穷人。 10．on the other hand 另一方面。他的父母想骑车出去兜风，而另一面孩子们想要留在家里跟朋友们玩。 1.、情境综合运用 根据语境用所给词的适当形式填空（熟词生义+词汇辨析） To live a better life, we need to ________ (constant) improve ourselves. The process is tough and sometimes ________ (disappoint), but persistent efforts will surely lead to ________ (equal) opportunities for everyone. Advanced mindset and good habits are the best ________ (prepare) for our future. 【答案】constantly；disappointing；equal；preparations 【思路点拨】本题融合生活成长情境，综合考查词汇词性转换与语境辨析。第一空修饰动词 improve，用副词；第二空修饰事物 process，用-ing形容词；第三空修饰名词 opportunities，用形容词 equal 表示“平等的”；第四空考查固定搭配 make preparations for。 【解析】第一空：副词 constantly 修饰动词 improve（不断提升自我）；第二空：disappointing 形容过程令人失望；第三空：形容词 equal 作定语，平等的机会；第四空：固定搭配，用复数 preparations 2. 综合能力提升 完成句子（词汇搭配运用） （1）这件事让我意识到坚持的重要性。(remind) This matter ________ ________ ________ the importance of perseverance. 【答案】reminds me of 【解析】考查固定搭配 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事，时态为一般现在时， 主语为单数，谓语动词用三单形式。 （2）我们应该努力适应快速变化的社会。(adapt) We should try our best to ________ ________ ________ the rapidly changing society. 【答案】adapt ourselves to 【解析】考查固定搭配 adapt oneself to sth. 使自己适应某物。 3. 汉译英（高阶词汇语境输出） （1）最重要的是，持续的努力比短暂的天赋更有价值。(most importantly) 【答案】Most importantly, continuous efforts are more valuable than temporary talent. 【解析】考查高频词汇与句式运用。most importantly 作句首状语；continuous efforts 持续的努力；valuable 有价值的，运用比较级结构体现语义对比。 （2）拥有积极的心态能帮助我们应对生活中的各种挑战。(positive) 【答案】Having a positive attitude can help us deal with various challenges in life. 【解析】考查核心词汇与非谓语动词。动名词短语作主语，positive attitude 积极的心态，various challenges 各种挑战。 4. 完成句子（词汇搭配运用） go for, have an effect on, stand for, keep an eye on, set up, feed on, focus on, be involved in, with the aim of, as well as 1．The community plans to launch a campaign helping victims of crime. 2．The letters WTO World Trade Organization. 3．I am sure that the factory will our natural environment. 4．He the murder which caused the death of three people. 5．Today we are going to the problems of homeless people. 6．—I'm thinking of going back to school to get another degree. —Sounds great！ it. 7．The company plans to branches elsewhere in Europe. 8．All animals including man plants or other animals. 【答案】1．with the aim of 2．stand for 3．have an effect on 4．was involved in 5．focus on 6．Go for 7．set up 8．feed on 【解析】1．考查介词。句意：为了帮助犯罪的受害人，这个社区计划发起一项活动。with the aim of怀着……目的，of是介词，后跟动名词。空格后是helping帮助，是动名词形式，故填with the aim of。 2．考查动词和时态。句意：字母WTO代表世界贸易组织。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，应填动词短语，且表述为习惯性动作，用一般现在时。stand for代表，符合句意，故填stand for。 3．考查动词。句意：我确定这个工厂对我们的自然环境有影响。will是情态动词，后跟动词原形，所以此处填动词原形。have an effect on对……有影响，故填have an effect on。 4．考查动词。句意：他被卷入一起造成3人死亡的谋杀中。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，应填动词短语。be involved in被卷入，符合句意，因后面的定语从句谓语动词caused为过去式，故填was involved in。 5．考查固定结构。句意：今天我们打算集中在无家可归的人的问题上来。be going to do打算做某事，固定结构，此处应填动词原形。focus on集中在……，符合句意，故填focus on。 6．考查固定搭配。句意：——我正在考虑回学校再考一个学位。——听起来不错，那就好好为它努力吧！分析句子结构可知，空格所在句子为祈使句，即动词原形开头，此处应填动词原形。go for努力获取，固定搭配，符合句意，故填Go for。 7．考查固定结构。句意：这个公司打算在欧洲其他地方建立分公司。plan to do计划做，空格处应填动词原形. set up建立，固定搭配，符合句意，故填set up。 8．考查主谓一致。所有动物包括人类，都要以植物和其他动物为食。分析句子结构可知：句子缺少谓语，空格处应填动词。名词或代词+介宾结构做主语时，谓语动词的单复数由名词或是代词的单复数决定，该结构中常见的介词及介词短语有：with，together with，including等，including包括，是介词，前面的all animals是复数形式，且表述是经常性动作，要用一般现在时，故填feed on。 5. 单句语法填空 1． (compare) your handwriting with his, you should see his is better. 2．My friend suggested that I (make) more efforts to enter my dream university. 3．Bike sharing is booming in our country, which leads to us (get) around easier than before. 4．It’s obvious that British English and American English have a lot in common though they differ some aspects. 5．Students have to overcome plenty of difficulties and fears to gain (remark) achievements in their academic performance. 6．You should put these medicines in the place your children can’t find them. 7．We all agree with the idea we should make most of our time to study. 8．I can see what influence these courses might have the whole educational work. 9．The organization gives help to people in need, as well as (raise) money for local charities. 10．We were about the instructions on the bottle. That is to say, there was some as to what was really in it. (confuse) 【答案】 1． Comparing 2．（should）make 3．getting 4．in 5．remarkable 6．where 7．that 8．on 9．raising 10． confused confusing confusion 【解析】 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：把你的字与他的比一下，你应该看出他的要更好。空处作状语，compare 与主语 you之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用动词-ing形式。故填Comparing。 2．考查虚拟语气。句意：我的朋友建议我应更加努力以进入我理想的大学。suggest意为“建议“时，其后的宾语从句中的谓语动词应使用”（should+）动词原形"。故填（should）make。 3．考查lead to的用法。句意：共享单车在我们国家正在迅速发展，使得我们比以前更容易四处走动了。lead to意为“导致，造成”，其中to是介词，后跟动词时，要用动词-ing形式。有时，动词-ing形式前面要加上自己的逻辑主语，这个逻辑主语可用人称代词的宾格、物主代词或名词的所有格形式。故填getting。 4．考查介词。句意：尽管英式英语和美式英语在一些方面存在差异，但明显它们也有许多相同之处。differ from意为“与……不同”；differ in 意为“在……方面不同”。根据句意，此处指“在……方面不同”。故填in。 5．考查形容词。句意：在学业表现方面，学生们必须克服许多困难和恐惧才能取得显著的成就。空处作定语修饰名词 achievements，所以要用remark的形容词形式remarkable“卓越的，显著的”。故填remarkable。 6．考查定语从句。句意：你应该把这些药品放在你的孩子们找不到的地方。根据句意并分祈句子结构可知，the place为先行词，空处在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。 7．考查同位语从句。句意：我们一致赞成我们应充分利用我们的时间来学习的观点。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，idea后为同位语从句，对idea进行解释和说明，且从句不缺少任何成分，故此处应用that。 8．考查介词。句意：我能够看出这些课程对整个教育工作可能产生什么影响。have an influence on. . . “对……有影响”。故填on。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：该组织向有需要的人提供帮助，并为当地慈善机构筹集资金。as well as 后接动词-ing形式，表示“筹集”。故填raising。 10．考查形容词和名词。第一空填confused，意为“困惑的”，表示人的感受；第二空作定语修饰instructions 用confusing，意为“令人困惑的”；由空前的some可知，第三空应用名词形式confusion，意为“困惑"。故填(1). confused    (2). confusing    (3). confusion。 【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题第6小题中先行词为名词place，再分析先行词place在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词place带到从句中可知，作地点状语，故确定关系词where。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $