专题1 真题精练-题组3 主旨大意(实战册)-【实战高考】2026年高考英语总复习（山东专版）

实战册 实战高考·英语 题组目主旨大意 Passage5(2025新课标Ⅱ卷，C) 主题：人与植物词数：269答案：P415 When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants,she didn't have high hopes for it.But the opposite happened:She was flooded,shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone.In the past year,Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants.Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry. "Plants are in fashion right now,"says Dr.Melinda Knuth,a researcher from the Univer- sity of Florida."People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating,she says."Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think.Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol,the stress hormone()in our body. "Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,says Knuth."This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults.Our study showed that there was a 30%decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces. If you're among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants,don't beat yourself up if one (or a few!)doesn't make it."Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant.Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning.Be invested in taking care of it,but if it dies,go get another one,"Detrinidad says. 1.How was Detrinidad's business when it started? A.It faced tough competition. B.It suffered a great loss. C.It got lots of financial support. D.It went surprisingly well. 2.What is one of Knuth's findings about plants? A.They appeal more to students. B.They purify the environment. C.They raise the cortisol level. D.They enhance productivity. 3.What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers? A.The necessity of social skills B.The meaning of sustainability C.The importance of repeated efforts. D.The value of professional opinions. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Time to Replace Houseplants B.Plants Boost Your Mood C.Tips on Choosing Houseplants D.Plants Brighten Your Home 80 0专题1阅读理解 Passage6(2025浙江1月卷，D) 主题：科技发展词数：315答案：P415 As new technologies take on increasingly humanlike qualities,there's been a push to make them genderless.“People are stereotyping(形成刻板印象)their gendered objects in very tradi- tional ways,says Ashley Martin,a Stanford associate professor of organizational behavior. Removing gender from the picture altogether seems like a simple way to fix this.Yet as Martin has found in her work,gender is one of the fundamental ways people form connections with objects,particularly those designed with human characteristics. In her study,Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male,female,and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self-driving car known as "Miuu".It was found that gender increased users'feelings of attachment to these devices and their interest in purchasing them.For example,participants said they would be less likely to buy a genderless voice assistant than versions with male or female voices. While gendering a product may be good marketing,it may also strengthen outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity.The stereotypes commonly associated with men,such as competitiveness and dominance,are more valued than those associated with women.These qualities,in turn,are mapped onto products that have been assigned a gender. Martin's study also found that creating a genderless object was difficult.For instance,if an object's name was meant to sound genderless,like Miuu,participants would still assign a gender toit-they would assume Miuu was a“he”or“she”. Martin sees a silver lining,however:.She believes that anthropomorphism(拟人化)“pro- vides an opportunity to change stereotypes".When women are put into positions of leadership like running companies,it reduces negative stereotypes about women.Similarly,anthropomor- phized products could be created to take on stereotype-inconsistent roles-a male robot that assists with nursing or a female robot that helps do calculations,for instance. 1.What is the purpose of making new technologies genderless? A.To reduce stereotypes. B.To meet public demand. C.To cut production costs. D.To encourage competition. 2.What were the participants probably asked to do in the study? A.Design a product. B.Respond to a survey. C.Work as assistants. D.Take a language test. 3.Why is it difficult to create genderless objects? A.They cannot be mass-produced. B.Naming them is a challenging task. C.People assume they are unreliable D.Gender is rooted in people's mind. 4.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A.The quality of genderless products. B.The upside of gendering a product. C.The meaning of anthropomorphism. D.The stereotypes of men and women. 81类部位和农产品（如羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈、被拒收的红薯 黄瓜蒂等)，这些食材在厨师的处理下被转化为美食。 段落核心围绕“菜肴由什么食材制成”展开。故选C。 ④A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews,it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment;Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu.”可知，wastED 从一开始就被设计为一个短期实验，且Blue Hill已恢 复常规菜单，这表明实验按计划结束。故选A。 Passage 4 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了如何通过减 少控制、提供健康选择来帮助孩子建立良好的饮食习惯， 避免因过度千预导致心理问题。 ①B推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When I was a child I was often told what not to eat.'You don't want to get fat'was on constant repeat throughout my child- hood.It really messed up my relationship with food- something that took me years to overcome.”可知，作 者童年时经常被告诫“不要吃这个，否则会变胖”，这破 坏了她与食物的关系，作者花费多年时间才克服这个 问题。因此，作者对自己童年时被喂养的方式持批判 态度。故选B。 解题陷阱本题考生容易误选A。作者听到女儿说 “我觉得我太胖了”时，心沉了下去，但作者的“心碎” 并非因孩子体重本身，而是担心自己的饮食建议产生 负面影响。 ②C推理判断题。根据第二段“According to Charlotte Markey,a professor of psychology,food is one of the rare subjects where,as parents,saying less is more... 'It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren't necessarily healthy..,”可知，Markey认为， 关于食物，父母“少说为妙”，过多讨论可能引发孩子的 焦虑和不安全感。因此，她不会赞成向孩子解释零食 的风险，这可能增加他们的心理负担。故选C。 3A细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead,she recom- mends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the 'Division of Responsibility',where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times,and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume..." Q实战册参考答案及解析 可知，根据“责任分工”原则，父母负责提供多种健康食 物并定时供应，而孩子自己决定“吃什么”和“吃多少”。 故选A。 ④C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“T've been trying out these strategies and I've found that when I'm less restrictive,they do make better decisions..”可知，作者 尝试这些策略后发现，当限制减少时，孩子反而会作出 更好的饮食选择。因此，作者认为这些策略是“可行的 (workable).”。故选C。 Passage 5 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过创业案例和科 学研究，重点论证了室内植物如何通过降低压力激素提 升心理健康和工作效率，并鼓励读者耐心实践养护。 D细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn't have high hopes for it.But the opposite happened:She was flooded,shipping out 1,200 orders in June of2o20 alone.”可知，Detrinidad开始她的网店 时并没有抱太高的期望，但实际上她的生意非常成功， 仅在2020年6月，她就发出了1200个订单。故选D。 2D细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Students who are around plants perform better academically" "This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults..”可知，植物能提升学生的学习表现和成年 人的工作效率，即“增强生产力”。故选D。 3C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant.”可知，Detrinidad通过类比医生和律师需要不 断实践，说明养植物也需要“practice(练习)”，即“反复 尝试的重要性”。故选C。 ④B标题归纳题。通读全文可知，整篇文章依据“植物 行业增长（现象）—植物改善心理健康（降低皮质 醇)—提升效率（研究数据）—鼓励尝试（建议）”这 条主线展开，主题集中在植物对人类情绪和生产力的 积极影响。故选B。 Passage 6 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新技术呈现 人类特质时，人们试图使其去性别化，但性别是人们与物 体建立联系的基本方式。 ①A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘People are 415 答案册 实战高考·英语 stereotyping(形成刻板印象)their gendered objects in very traditional ways,'...Removing gender from the picture altogether seems like a simple way to fix ths.”可知，人们以非常传统的方式对有性别的物品形 成刻板印象，完全去除物品的性别似乎是解决这个问 题的方法。故选A。 2B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In her study, Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male,female,and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self-driving car known as 'Miuu'... participants said they would be less likely to buy..." 可知，Martin让参与者对不同性别版本的数字语音助 手和自动驾驶汽车Muu进行评分，并询问购买意愿。 这显然是一项调查，而非设计产品、担任助手或参加语 言测试。故选B。 3D推理判断题。根据第四段“Martin's study also found that creating a genderless object was difficult. For instance,if an object's name was meant to sound genderless,like Miuu,participants would still assign a gender to it-they would assume Miuu was a he'or ‘she'.”可知，即使物品名称（如Miuu)被设计为无性别 化，人们仍会主动为其赋予性别，这说明性别认知是根 深蒂固的思维习惯。故选D。 ④B段落大意题。最后一段提到，拟人化产品可以打破 刻板印象，并举了男性机器人辅助护理或女性机器人 帮助计算的例子，说明性别化产品也有积极意义。故 选B。 Passage 7 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了医院教师 Kathy Ho在斯坦福Lucile Packard儿童医院(LPCH)为 生病的孩子们开展教学工作，帮助孩子们保持学习和心 理健康。 ①A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“preparing them to return to school'”可知，Ho教的是患病的孩子。故 选A。 ②D细节理解题。根据第三段中Ho的话“I'ma coach,an adviser,and a comforter,and that's what it means to be a hospital teacher..”可知，她同时扮演教 练、顾问和安慰者的角色，体现了工作中需要承担多种 职能。故选D。 3C代词指代题。第四段中提到“Some teachers don't 416 give the kids any assignments;they express sympathy instead.”,随后Ho评价“I feel like it is a disservice to the kids'”。由此可推知，这里的“it”指代上文中“不布 置作业”的行为。故选C。 ④B推理判断题。根据最后一段Good提到的“School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.”可知，学校通过给孩子们提供一个继 续学习和成长的机会，帮助他们保持梦想，即让他们心 怀希望。故选B。 Passage 8 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型园 艺设计方法—矩阵种植。 ①B词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Referred to as matrix planting,this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden,and even some of the designing.”可知，矩阵种植是让大自然自 身承接更多的工作。从画线词所在句中的“like nature does”可知，矩阵种植模仿自然，而自然环境中通常不 会使用化肥和电动工具。所以，画线词Eschewing的 意思是“避开，远离”。故选B。 ②D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War II in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance.”可知，矩 阵种植法的诞生是为了“以可复制的方式种植大片公 园绿地，且只需极少的维护”。故选D。 解题陷阱本题考生容易误选C。保护水土是矩阵 种植的优点，但题目问的是“Why was the idea.. introduced?”,需定位到第二段首句的直接原因（低维 护)。提醒考生仔细理解题干，避免混淆因果关系。 ③C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf's gardens popularized this style,adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form,including four- season interest and serving the needs of wildlife." 知，Piet Oudolf的花园在矩阵种植中融入了“艺术风格 (artistic flavors)”,注重色彩、形态和四季观赏性，同时 兼顾野生动植物需求，这种设计既自然又富有审美。 故选C。 ④A标题归纳题。全文围绕“矩阵种植法模仿自然生