专题1 分类过关-题组2 推理判断(实战册)-【实战高考】2026年高考英语总复习（山东专版）

答案 实战高考·英语 waves..”意为“我们的工作也可能在交通运输方面得到 应用，比如通过空气或水的有效加速，以及在能源方 面，比如更有效地从风或波浪中收集能量”，结合选项 可知，减少飞机的空气阻力属于交通运输方面的应用。 故选D。 解题陷阱本题考生容易根据文章最后一句误选B 项。B选项中的harvest,energy都与原文信息相符，所 以干扰性大。但原文是“有效地从风或波浪中收集能 量”，不是“收集太阳能”。提醒考生注意仔细阅读细 节，避免落入陷阱。 熟词生义 spring熟义：n.春天，春季；泉生义：n.弹力，弹性； 弹簧v.突然跳起 spring-like forces类似弹簧的力 Passage 8 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AI聊 天机器人在提供心理支持方面的利弊，以及与人类真正 同理心的差距。 ①C词义猜测题。第二段第一句“Some experts say this is a boon.”意为“一些专家说这是一件好事”，根据下文 "After all,AI,undisturbed by embarrassment and burnout,might be able to express empathy(同理心) more openly and tirelessly than humans.”可知，AI不 受尴尬和倦怠的干扰，可能比人类更能公开、不知疲倦 地表达同理心，所以一些专家认为这是一件好事。因 此boon在此处的意思为“好处”，与C项意思相近。故 选C。 2B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One recent analysis about empathy looked at 52 studies published between 1980 and 2019,which shows that the empathiser must first be able to recognize how the other person is feeling.”可知，关于同理心的最近分析 表明，有同理心的人首先必须能够识别出别人的感受， 即同理心从识别别人的情感开始。故选B。 3A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“On the first point, in recent years,Al-powered chatbots have made pro- gress in their ability to read human emotions,most powered by large language models (LLMs)that work by predicting which words are most likely to appear together based on training data.”可知，人工智能能够 396 识别我们的情感并做出适当的反应，靠的是大量语言 模型基于训练数据的预测能力。故选A。 ④D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“At the end of the day,despite talking to multiple chatbots online,I did what I knew I had to do all along:I picked up my phone and called a friend.”可知，尽管ChatGPT等聊 天机器人可以提供一些帮助，但作者最终还是选择了 与真实的人进行交流，这暗示了作者认为ChatGPT等 聊天机器人的人造善意无法与人类相比。故选D。 长难句分析 They must also be affected by those emotions and differentiate between themselves and the other person,grasping that the other person's feelings aren't their own while still being able to imagine their experi- ence. 【分析】grasping that the other person's feelings aren't their own是现在分词短语作伴随状语；that the other person's feelings aren't their own是宾语从句，作 grasping的宾语；being able to imagine their experience 是现在分词短语作状语。 【译文】他们也必须受到那些情感的影响，并区分他们 自己和另一个人，理解到另一个人的感受不是他们自 己的，同时仍然能够想象那个人的经历。 Passage 9 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了四岁女孩 Camila和她的母亲Annette Vea Lopez参加“家长即教 师”项目后，母亲学会了如何更好地支持女儿的自我表 达，以及该项目对家庭产生的积极影响。 ①A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Camila's mother Annette Vea Lopez didn't always know how to respond to Camila's self-expression”可知，Annette不 知道如何回应女儿的自我表达。这种“不知道如何反 应”的状态会引发情绪上的无助感，而非单纯的认知模 糊(C)。故选A。 ②B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“That's just her personality.We love her just as she is.And we love that Parents as Teachers always encouraged us to let Camila be herself.”可知，“家长即教师”项目支持 Camila保持自我。选项A(性格改变)与原文“That's just her personality.”矛盾；选项C(四岁开始独立)与 “since she was very young”不符；选项D(负面评论影 响)未提及。故选B。 3D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The FTFPSRP Council funds this program to help parents become their child's first and best teachers.Parents as Teachers gives families personalized,in-home support through a trained parent educator.”可知，该项目是为了帮助父 母更好地抚养和教育孩子。故选D。 ④C词义猜测题。根据画线词组上文“Camila recently graduated from the program and is ready for kinder- garten.”及下文“for helping get her there”可知， Camilal顺利毕业，Vea Lopez认为是“家长即教师”项 目帮助Camila成长，因此她对此表示感激。C选项 Credits有“归功于；感激”的意思。故选C。 Passage 10 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述刹车粉尘 对城市空气污染和肺部健康的危害可能比柴油废气更 大，未来需要通过改进刹车片材料和加强法律监管来应 对这一问题，尤其是在电动汽车普及的背景下。 ①A推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Dust produced from the wear of roads,tires,and brakes, known as 'non-exhaust emissions',has surpassed exhaust emissions across many European countries.Of these,brake dust is often the main contributor to these non-exhaust emissions'”可知，刹车粉尘是非废气排放 (包括道路、轮胎和刹车磨损产生的粉尘)中的“主要贡 献者”。虽然非废气排放的来源多样，但刹车粉尘是其 中占比最大的部分，因此选项A“它们的组成主要来自 刹车粉尘”符合文意。故选A。 [解题陷阱本题考生容易误选B。B选项中“是空气 污染的主要原因”过于绝对，文章只说“surpassed exhaust emissions(超过了废气排放)”，并未说是“main cause”。 2B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Consequently, non-asbestos organic (NAO)pads have been devel- oped;ironically,they produce more poisonous dust than other pad types.Through the experiments, researchers identified high copper content as the defining characteristic of brake dust from NAO pads.”可知，NAO刹车片因“高铜含量”导致毒性更 O实战册参考答案及解析 强。故选B。 3C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The upcoming Euro 7 emissions standards,effective in November 2026,will limit brake dust emissions and may encour- age innovation in brake materials...As we make the shift to EVs,laws must approach these emissions as seriously as those from the exhaust pipe.”可知，即将 于2026年11月生效的欧7排放标准将限制刹车粉尘 排放，并可能推动刹车材料的创新。随着我们向电动 汽车的转变，法律必须像对待排气管排放那样严肃地 对待这些排放。选项C“法律对控制空气污染至关重 要”符合作者呼吁政策介入的核心观点。故选C。 ④A标题归纳题。全文讲述柴油废气和刹车粉尘对城 市空气的影响，特别是刹车粉尘对肺部健康的危害，选 项A“揭示刹车粉尘的隐藏危险”直接点明主题。故 选A。 Passage 11 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了现代社 会中人们普遍存在的过度忙碌和“多任务处理”现象，以 及这种生活方式对个人创造力和工作效率的负面影响。 ①D细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“It's not a secret that busyness has been worn like a mark of honor,while moments of down time are seen as unpro- ductive.”可知，忙碌一直被当作一种荣誉的象征，而闲 暇时光则被视为毫无成效。这表明人们普遍认为忙碌 代表高效和优秀。故选D。 2C推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“I didn't realize how deep-rooted this lifestyle had become for me until I stepped into self-employment in 2023. Balancing busy periods with quieter ones unexpectedly brought anxiety and self-judgment instead of the anticipated relief to pause and reflect.”可知，作者在 2023年开始自主创业后，原本预期在忙碌时段与清闲 时段之间取得平衡后，能获得喘息和反思的机会，但没 想到却带来了焦虑。故选C。 ③A推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“According to Marc Zao-Sanders,author of Timeboxing,multitasking is the attempt to attend to two things at once,for example firing off a few emails while sitting in a meeting.The pity here is that you may end up doing a poor job of both,and enjoy neither.”以及“This is both 397 答案册 实战高考·英语 unproductive and can easily feel frustrated..”可知，多 任务处理可能导致两件事都做不好，既没有效率还容 易让人沮丧，所以会降低我们的工作效率。故选A。 ④B细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Multitask- ing is tiring us out more quickly and making us less efficient.So,let's bid farewell to the era of handling a hundred things at once.”可知，作者强调了多任务处理 的坏处，呼吁我们告别同时处理多项任务的时代，由此 可推知，作者建议一次只做一项任务。故选B。 Passage 12 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社交媒 体中照片编辑行为与心理健康之间的关系。 ①A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Finally, participants'self-esteem was measured using a ques- tionnaire that evaluated their overall sense of self- worth.”可知，参与者在研究中被要求填写一份关于自 我价值的问卷。故选A。 2C词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“The researchers suggested that photo editing behavior may contribute to feelings of self-perception as an object and basing one's worth on appearance'”可知，研究人员认为，照片 编辑行为可能导致自我物化感知，并将自我价值基于 外貌，尤其是在青少年等脆弱群体中，所以vulnerable 的意思是“容易受影响的”。故选C。 3B推理判断题。根据文章第五段“The data showed that higher levels of photo editing were associated with increased self-perception as an object and more comparisons of physical appearance among young adults.These factors,in turn,were related to lower self-esteem.”可知，数据表明，更高水平的照片编辑与 更高的自我物化感知和更多的外貌比较相关，而这些 因素又与较低的自尊相关。文章最后一段中的“Inter- ventions (aimed at reducing excessive social media use or promoting healthier engagement with social media could have positive effects on the mental wel-being of young people.”指出，减少过度使用社交 媒体或促进更健康地使用社交媒体的干预措施可能对 年轻人的心理健康产生积极影响。由上述信息可推断 出，减少过度使用社交媒体会对健康有益。故选B。 ④D推理判断题。文章开头指出过度使用社交媒体可 能导致心理健康问题，接着重点介绍了Phillip Ozimek 398 及其同事关于社交煤体上照片编辑行为与心理健康之 间关系的研究，包括研究的过程、结果以及结论等，目 的是探讨照片编辑与消极心理状态之间的关系。故 选D。 Passage 13 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了细菌在 厨房海绵中的生存情况，包括细菌的生长环境、种类、对 人类的潜在影响以及海绵的特殊结构如何使之成为细菌 生长的理想场所。 ①C推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Bacteria(细 know how to rough it out all over the earth.Ask most of them where they'd truly prefer to settle though,and a kitchen sponge (would probably top the list.”可知，细菌知道如何在地球上的各个地方 顽强生存，大多数细菌最想定居的地方是厨房海绵。 故选C。 ②B细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“He found that sponges featuring pockets of varying sizes are some- thing that really matters for promoting bacterial growth.”可知，Lingchong You发现不同大小孔隙的海 绵对促进细菌生长起着重要作用。因此，他的研究发 现了促进细菌生长的因素。故选B。 ③A推理判断题。文章第四段提到，Jennifer Quinlan 的研究发现，只有1一2%的海绵中含有与食物中毒相 关的细菌，且这些细菌的数量很少。她认为大多数海 绵上的细菌不会引起疾病，只是会让海绵产生异味。 因此，她认为海绵上的细菌相对无害。故选A。 ④A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This is not the whole story yet.If dangerous bacteria happen to arrive on the scene,the sponge's special make-up makes it an ideal place for them to grow and multiply.And there's evidence this is the case.”可知，如果有害细菌出现在 海绵上，海绵的特殊结构会使其成为这些细菌生长和 繁殖的理想场所，并且有证据表明这种情况确实存在。 因此，接下来的段落可能会讨论细菌威胁的证据。故 选A。 Passage 14 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是人工 智能工具如何帮助肯尼亚的小农户提升农业生产力，改 善生计，并探讨了这种技术变革带来的挑战与机遇。 ①A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Before adopting Virtual Agronomist,Selim would simply apply fertilizer using what he described asgeneral farmer's knowledge’..leading to low productivity.”可知， Selim之前使用他所说的“普通农民的知识”施肥，导致 低产。根据第五段中的“Musau Mutisya,another Kenyan farmer,used to rely on his own knowledge to identify pests and diseases,but he wasn't always accurate." "Mutisya said he was doing guesswork in the past, ending up using more money treating what he didn't know.”可知，Mutisya依赖自己的知识识别害虫和疾 病，但常常不准确，导致他花费更多钱对待他不知道的 事情。这些描述都表明他们之前的解决方案效率低 下。故选A。 2D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“By communicating with the tool,Selim receives personalized suggestions on harvest targets and fertilizer()application. This tailored guidance was crucial..”以及第五段中的 "Now he chooses PlantVillage,an AI-powered app that helps farmers identify the species of pests when they photograph the diseased plants and also provides actionable solutions..”可知，Virtual Agronomist为 Selim提供了关于收获目标和化肥应用的个性化建议， 而Plant Village帮助识别害虫种类并提供可操作的解 决方案，两者都是通过判断植物状况来提供建议的。 故选D。 ③A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘Heavy reliance on them to set farming practices may result in the loss of long-held and tested,native agricultural practices,' said Wairegi,who has researched the AI use in agricul- ture in Africa.”可知，Wairegi认为过度依赖AI工具 可能导致传统农业实践的丧失，这表明他并不反对使 用AI,而是主张合理使用。故选A。 ④C标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是首段可知，文章介 绍了肯尼亚的小农户开始采用AI技术来提高农业生 产效率，改变了传统的低效农业方式。选项C“AI助力 植物：肯尼亚小农场欢迎高科技工具”最能概括文章的 主旨，强调AI技术在农业中的应用。故选C。 Passage 15 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了实验室 培育肉的相关信息。 ①A细节理解题。第一段主要介绍了培育肉的制作过 Q实战册参考答案及解析 程及其特点，即它的质地、味道、外观和气味几乎与鸡 肉一模一样，所以作者在第一段关注的是培育肉的特 点。故选A。 ②D推理判断题。阅读第三段可知，由于非洲和亚洲 日益增长的中产阶级对肉类的需求正在飙升，而实验 室培育的肉可以帮助满足这一需求，所以实验室培育 的肉可能有一个巨大的消费市场。故选D。 3C推理判断题。第四段提到“A study published earlier this year found that in some circumstances cultivated meat could be more polluting than the conventional stuff because the bioreactor is in great need of power to control its temperature.Consequently,only if renewable energy is used in the production process will cultivated meat cut the carbon footprint of the meat industry.”,其意思是“今年 早些时候发表的一项研究发现，在某些情况下，培育肉 可能比传统肉类污染更严重，因为生物反应器需要大 量电力来控制其温度。因此，只有在生产过程中使用 可再生能源，培育肉才能减少肉类行业的碳足迹”。由 此可推知，培育肉行业在温室气体排放方面可能会对 环境造成破坏。故选C。 ④D推理判断题。文章最后一段提到“Whether this effort can make lab-grown meat attractive and cheap enough to attract consumers remains to be seen.", 意思是“这一努力是否能让实验室培育的肉变得足够 有吸引力和便宜，从而吸引消费者，还有待观察”。由此 可推知，作者对实验室培育的肉持保留态度。故选D。 长难句分析 A study published earlier this year found that in some circumstances cultivated meat could be more polluting than the conventional stuff because the bioreactor is in great need of power to control its temperature. 【分析】published earlier this year是过去分词短语作后 置定语；that引导宾语从句；because引导原因状语 从句。 【译文】今年早些时候发表的一项研究发现，在某些情 况下，培育肉可能比传统肉类污染更严重，因为生物反 应器需要大量电力来控制其温度。 Passage 16 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了由 399 答案 实战高考·英语 AstroAccess组织的一次零重力飞行任务，参与人员为来 自五个不同国家的14名残疾的科学家、工程师和医生， 目的是测试如何使太空旅行对残疾人更加友好，并评估 残疾人进行太空旅行的可能性。 ①A推理判断题。文章开头提到，这次飞行的目的是 帮助理解如何让宇航服和飞船更适合残障人士使用， 同时文章结尾引用了Zero-G公司CEO的话“Space should be open to everyone.”,这直接体现了这次飞行 的理念是让太空旅行变得无障碍，适合所有人。故 选A。 2B细节理解题。根据第二段“The group of 14,who were from five different countries,including Australia,Brazil,Germany,Spain and the US,was made up of scientists,engineers and doctors.They have mobility,vision and hearing difficulties.”可知， 这次飞行的目的是测试如何让太空旅行更适合残障人 士，因此它的特别之处在于它是为残障人士设计的。 故选B。 ③D细节理解题。根据第四段“On climbing to a height of 25,000ft,the vehicle began 18 parabolic manoeu- vres(抛物线演习)，allowing the crews to test out what was needed to make trips to space more accessible for those with disabilities..”可知，这些测试是为了评估残 障人士进行太空旅行的可能性。故选D。 [解题陷阱本题考生容易根据信息句中的“allowing the crews to test out what was needed to make trips to space”误选A项。提醒考生仔细阅读信息句，全面 理解。 ④D推理判断题。Matt Gohd提到“the only limits you have are the ones you place on yourself”,并强调 “Space should be open to everyone..”。这些话传达了 一种积极的信息，即只要不自我设限，任何事情都是可 能的，包括残障人土参与太空旅行。故选D。 长难句分析 One group tested a set of tactile graphics to be added to cabin walls that would allow both blind crew members and short-sighted crew members to maintain a sense of direction during emergencies and help them find emergency device in zero gravity if the lights went off 400 【分析】不定式to be added to cabin walls作后置定语； that引导定语从句，修饰先行词tactile graphics,定语 从句中的谓语动词是would allow和help;if引导条件 状语从句。 【译文】一个小组测试了一套将被添加到舱壁上的触觉 图形，这些图形可以让盲人船员和近视船员在紧急情 况下保持方向感，并在灯光熄灭时帮助他们在零重力 环境中找到应急设备。 Passage 17 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Shastri 从小对光感兴趣，到后来研究光子计算，并取得成就的 过程。 ①D细节理解题。第一段中，Shastri回忆起小时候看 到的一个实验：一个塑料水瓶在靠近底部的地方被刺 穿，水在重力作用下流出来。一束光穿过瓶子的孔，让 他惊讶的是，光并没有继续水平传播，而是随着水流向 下弯曲。他说：“我对这个实验感到非常震惊。”由此可 知，Shastri最感兴趣的是光随着水流弯曲的现象。故 选D。 2C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As a postdoc at Princeton University,Shastri met physicist Paul Pruc- nal.He told Shastri about his research creating a light that behaves like a biological neuron(神经元)，and how the team was looking to compute with such light. That idea caught Shastri''s attention.”可知，Prucnal告 诉Shastri,他正在研究一种像生物神经元一样行为的 光，并且团队希望用这种光进行计算。这个想法引起 了Shastri的注意。因此，Prucnal激发了Shastri研究 光子计算。故选C。 3D段落大意题。第三段主要讲述了Shastri团队在光 子计算领域取得的成就，特别是他们开发的芯片性能 远超传统电子计算机。故选D。 ④B标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的 “Bhavin Shastri's interest in light started young.”、第 二段中的“Since then,Shastri has been thinking about how light can be controlled,while also exploring other research interests.”以及第三段中的“Shastri has set out to push those boundaries..”可知，文章主要讲述了 Shastri从小对光感兴趣，到后来研究光子计算，并取得 成就的过程。因此，标题应突出他对光的追求和研究实战册 实战高考·英语 题组日推理判断 Passage9(2025山东临沂一模，B) 主题：家庭教育答案：P396 Four-year-old Camila loves to dress up and rarely leaves the house without lipstick. Camila's mother Annette Vea Lopez didn't always know how to respond to Camila's self- expression,but since participating in the Casa de los Ninos Parents as Teachers program,she now accepts her daughter's fashion choices happily. "Camila's been very independent since she was very young,"Vea Lopez said."Adults would always comment on her makeup and how she dressed.She was always very girly.She's 4 now and still that way.That's just her personality.We love her just as she is.And we love that Parents as Teachers always encouraged us to let Camila be herself. Vea Lopez heard about the Parents as Teachers home visitation program from a friend who suggested that she take part with then 1-year-old Camila.The FTFPSRP Council funds this program to help parents become their child's first and best teachers.Parents as Teachers gives families personalized,in-home support through a trained parent educator. During home visits,the parent educator introduced the family to activities that support social-emotional development,such as being able to recognize and label emotions.Vea Lopez notices the impact these activities have had on her daughter."I see that Camila's confidence and self-esteem have grown.She began to open up to me more and talk about when she was feeling anxious or what she needed support with,"said Vea Lopez. Camila recently graduated from the program and is ready for kindergarten.Vea Lopez feels indebted to Parents as Teachers for helping get her there. 1.How did Annette feel about Camila's self-expression at first? A.Helpless. B.Favorable. C.Unclear. D.Indifferent. 2.What can we know from Vea Lopez's words in paragraph 2? A.Camila has changed her personality as she grows older. B.Parents as Teachers supports Camila to be true to herself. C.Camila's independence started when she was 4 years old. D.Adults'comments on Camila had a negative impact on her. 3.What is the purpose of the Parents as Teachers project? A.To raise more money for needy families. B.To ensure great harmony in every family C.To train children to be more personalized. D.To help parents bring up their children well. 4.What do the underlined words "feels indebted to"mean in the last paragraph? A.Sponsors. B.Boosts. C.Credits. D.Assesses. 36 0专题1阅读理解 Passage10(2025山东名校考试联盟3月模拟，C) 主题：环境与健康答案：P397 Diesel exhaust(柴油废气)emissions are often portrayed as a key contributor to urban air pollution.However,recent research shows that dust from brake pads()could be more harmful to our lungs. Dust produced from the wear of roads,tires,and brakes,known as "non-exhaust emis- sions",has surpassed exhaust emissions across many European countries.Of these,brake dust is often the main contributor to these non-exhaust emissions,but it is not yet subject to laws. There is much less known about the potential health effects of brake dust compared to diesel exhaust dust. To investigate the impact of brake dust on lung health,researchers conducted laboratory experiments,revealing that brake dust was significantly more harmful to lung cells across vari- ous measures of lung diseases.Interestingly,they found that removing copper (from brake dust reduced these harmful effects. Reforming brake pads might be one way to reduce the health burden caused by these emis- sions.Historical brake pads contained asbestos()fibers for heat resistance,but this material was banned due to its association with lung diseases.Consequently,non-asbestos organic (NAO) pads have been developed;ironically,they produce more poisonous dust than other pad types. Through the experiments,researchers identified high copper content as the defining character- istic of brake dust from NAO pads. While the switch to electric vehicles (EVs)will get rid of exhaust emissions,it won't remove road,tire,and brake dust.Studies indicate that EVs may generate more non-exhaust dust than diesel vehicles due to their heavier weight.This highlights the need for reformulating brake pads and considering non-exhaust emissions in future laws to effectively address urban air pollution. The upcoming Euro 7 emissions standards,effective in November 2026,will limit brake dust emissions and may encourage innovation in brake materials.It's crucial to recognize that no air pollutant has a safe exposure level.As we make the shift to EVs,laws must approach these emissions as seriously as those from the exhaust pipe. 1.What can be learned about non-exhaust emissions? A.Their makeup is mainly from brake dust. B.They are the main cause of air pollution. C.Their negative effects have yet to be revealed. D.They are as harmful as diesel exhaust emissions 2.What causes the harm associated with NAO pads? A.Asbestos fibers.B.High copper content.C.Poisonous dust.D.Out-dated pad types. 3.What may the author agree with? A.Breakthroughs have been made in material innovation. B.Emission standards prove effective in cleaning air. C.Laws are crucial in controlling air pollution. D.EVs will never take the place of petrol cars. 4.What is a suitable title for the text? A.Unmask the Hidden Dangers of Brake Dust B.Diesel vs.Dust:The Battle for Clean Air C.EVs:A Magic Cure-all for Air Pollution D.Identity the Silent Killers in Our Life 37 实战册 实战高考·英语 Passage11(2024一2025山东青岛四区联考期末，D) 主题：生活方式答案：P397 For too long,we've been living on the edge of burnout,with to-do lists growing longer, calendars full,and deadlines that seem never-ending.It's not a secret that busyness has been worn like a mark of honor,while moments of down time are seen as unproductive.But if there's no time to breathe or room to think,how are we able to come up with new ideas,let alone carry them out? I didn't realize how deep-rooted this lifestyle had become for me until I stepped into self- employment in 2023.Balancing busy periods with quieter ones unexpectedly brought anxiety and self-judgment instead of the anticipated relief to pause and reflect.However,the tide is turning in the world of work:there's a growing pushback against non-stop demands,and increased awareness about the benefits-including improved concentration,creativity and job satisfaction-of doing one thing at a time. According to Marc Zao-Sanders,author of Timeboxing,multitasking is the attempt to attend to two things at once,for example firing off a few emails while sitting in a meeting.The pity here is that you may end up doing a poor job of both,and enjoy neither.But it's actually a little more complex than this.If one of the tasks is familiar to you and doesn't demand too much of you cognitively(认知地)，it may well be that you can take on a second task at the same time.The main issue is thinking you can do both at once for those tasks where you can't.This is both unproductive and can easily feel frustrated. The phrase"multitasking"has been adopted by all sorts of typically high-achieving people and a mark of status.But our brains cannot complete tasks at the same time.They are completed in a sequence.Multitasking is tiring us out more quickly and making us less efficient.So,let's bid farewell to the era of handling a hundred things at once. 1.What's people's common view to busyness? A.It is a way to generate new ideas. B.It shows that people are less productive. C.It reflects people's poor time-management. D.It is a symbol of efficiency and excellence. 2.How does the author feel after she became self-employed? A.Relaxed. B.Panicked. C.Uneasy. D.Stress-free. 3.What can we learn about multitasking from paragraph 3? A.It can reduce our productivity. B.It can weaken our cognitive ability. C.It makes us creative and concentrated. D.It is essential in today's fast-pace world. 4.What does the author suggest in the passage? A.Following high-achieving people. B.Working one task at a time. C.Raising the efficiency of multitasking. D.Challenging our brain capacity. 38■ 0专题1阅读理解 Passage12(2025山东泰安一模，C) 主题：社交媒体与心理健康答案：P398 Nowadays,social media is widely used by millions of people to connect and share their lives.However,research suggests that excessive()use of social media may lead to mental health issues like depression and anxiety. One behavior that researchers have focused on recently is photo editing,which involves altering one's appearance in pictures before posting them on social media.While some studies have suggested that photo editing is linked to negative outcomes such as seeing oneself as an object and having low self-esteem ()the relationship between these factors is not well understood. Phillip Ozimek and his colleagues conducted a study with 403 young adults recruited through social media platforms to investigate the potential risks associated with photo editing on social media.Participants completed an online survey that included questions about their social media use,photo editing behavior,self-perception as an object,comparisons of physical appearance,self-esteem,and other relevant factors. To measure photo editing behavior,participants reported how often they edited their selfies before posting them on social media.To assess self-perception as an object and compari- sons of physical appearance,participants answered questions about how much they monitored their bodies and compared themselves to others'looks.Finally,participants'self-esteem was measured using a questionnaire that evaluated their overall sense of self-worth. The data showed that higher levels of photo editing were associated with increased self- perception as an object and more comparisons of physical appearance among young adults. These factors,in turn,were related to lower self-esteem. The researchers suggested that photo editing behavior may contribute to feelings of self- perception as an object and basing one's worth on appearance,especially among vulnerable groups like teenagers.They emphasized the need for further research to explore the impact of photo editing on mental health outcomes and understand why people engage in this behavior. Although the study had some limitations,as acknowledged by Ozimek and his colleagues highlighted the importance of considering overall social media use and specific behaviors like photo editing when studying the relationship between social media and mental health out- comes.Interventions (aimed at reducing excessive social media use or promoting healthier engagement with social media could have positive effects on the mental well-being of young people. 1.What were the participants asked to do in the study? A.Fill in a questionnaire about self-worth.B.Compare their looks with others. C.Edit their selfies before posting. D.See themselves as an object. 2.What does the word "vulnerable"in paragraph 6 mean? A.Hardly protected. B.Particularly strong. C.Easily influenced. D.Mostly independent. 3.From the passage,what can we infer? A.The higher levels of photo editing,the higher self-esteem. B.Reducing the overuse of social media might be beneficial to well-being. C.Photo editing is the only behavior that affects mental health on social media D.The study has completely worked out the problem of the overuse of social media. 4.What is the purpose of this passage? A.To introduce the popularity of social media. B.To explain the detailed process of a study on photo editing. C.To show teenagers are the most vulnerable group in using social media. D.To explore the relationship between photo editing and negative mental states. 39 实战册 实战高考·英语 Passage13(2025山东青岛一模，C) 主题：微生物与人类健康答案：P398 Bacteria()know how to rough it out all over the earth.Ask most of them where they'd truly prefer to settle though,and a kitchen sponge()would probably top the list. Yes,it turns out that the very tool we use to clean our plates,which is warm,damp,and full of nutritious food pieces,is packed of tiny life. Lingchong You,a biologist at Duke University,along with his team,used computers to model the complex environment of a sponge for a 2022 study.He found that sponges featuring pockets of varying sizes are something that really matters for promoting bacterial growth.This holds significance as certain bacteria tend to grow independently while others demand the companionship of others.Within a sponge filled with holes and pockets,there exist such an abundance of diverse structures that everyone attains a state of satisfaction. Nevertheless,it does not necessarily follow that these tools present a health risk to us as well.Bacteria exist everywhere and not all are harmful;in fact,many perform vital jobs.The important question is,therefore,are the bacteria found in sponges even worth worrying about? In 2017,Jennifer Quinlan,a professor of food safety,and her colleagues,collected kitchen sponges from 100 homes,finding that only 1-2%of those sponges contained bacteria linked to food poisoning in humans and the ones that did contained only small amounts of harmful bac- teria."The vast majority of bacteria on sponges do not cause illness,and they're just going to make them smell,"says Quinlan."Having said that,there is a possibility that if you use a sponge to wipe up raw meat that you could have some of those disease-causing bacteria on there,and studies have found that those bacteria can be separated from kitchen sponges." This is not the whole story yet.If dangerous bacteria happen to arrive on the scene,the sponge's special make-up makes it an ideal place for them to grow and multiply.And there's evidence this is the case. 1.What can we learn from the first paragraph? A.Sponges are perfect tools in the kitchen. B.Bacteria prefer to live in dry environment. C.Kitchen sponges are good home for bacteria. D.Bacteria affect kitchen sponges'performance. 2.What did Lingchong You find in his study? A.How sponges are exactly structured. B.What encourages bacterial growth. C.How bacteria react to the environment. D.Why bacteria keep company with each other. 3.What does Quinlan think of bacteria on sponges? A.Relatively harmless. B.Poorly adaptive. C.Surprisingly unpleasant. D.Widely distributed. 4.What will be probably discussed in the following paragraph? A.Proofs of bacterial threat. B.The classification of bacteria. C.Methods to control bacterial growth. D.Research into applications of bacteria. 40 0专题1阅读理解 Passage14(2024一2025山东烟台期末，B) 主题：人工智能与农业发展答案：P398 In rural Kenya,a historic transformation is underway as smallholder farmers,traditionally reliant on age-old methods and struggling with limited information,now hug the potential of artificial intelligence (AD)to reshape their livelihoods. Selim,a Kenyan farmer,is drawing on Virtual Agronomist,an AI tool,to enhance his coffee farm's productivity.By communicating with the tool,Selim receives personalized sugges- tions on harvest targets and fertilizer()application.This tailored guidance was crucial.But for that,he would have used much more fertilizer. Last year,the tool aided Selim in achieving his best harvest ever.Before adopting Virtual Agronomist,Selim would simply apply fertilizer using what he described as "general farmer's knowledge",applying different types at different times of the year without knowing the soil health,leading to low productivity.Sometimes he would take samples of his soil for testing at distant labs,but the results would take months or even wouldn't arrive at all. A huge challenge for farmers is not knowing what their soil needs.The story is similar for farmers trying to determine what pests()and diseases have affected their crops. Musau Mutisya,another Kenyan farmer,used to rely on his own knowledge to identify pests and diseases,but he wasn't always accurate.Now he chooses Plant Village,an AI-powered app that helps farmers identify the species of pests when they photograph the diseased plants and also provides actionable solutions.Mutisya said he was doing guesswork in the past,ending up using more money treating what he didn't know. Kenya has an extension officer-to-farm household ratio of 1:1093.Farmers are hungry for real-time information about their crops and AI is a game changer,which fills the gap,affording them easy access to essential farming knowledge and empowering them to make informed decisions. Despite the promising prospects brought by the two tools,some scientists warn of depend- ence on AI tools for agriculture."Heavy reliance on them to set farming practices may result in the loss of long-held and tested,native agricultural practices,said Wairegi,who has researched the Al use in agriculture in Africa. 1.Which word best describes Selim's and Mutisya's previous solutions to farming issues? A.Inefficient.B.Complicated. C.Innovative.D.Practical. 2.What can the two AI tools both do? A.Gather and distribute market information.B.Keep track of the variations of the soil. C.Translate multiple languages accurately.D.Judge plant condition and offer advice. 3.What do we know about Wairegi in the last paragraph? A.He proposes using AI reasonably. B.He advocates mere traditional farming. C.He predicts AI will lower agricultural output. D.He is strongly against the AI use in agriculture. 4.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.A Transformative Shift in Remote Farming B.AI Builds Hope for Kenya's Sustainable Future C.AI for Plants:Kenyan Small Farms Welcome Hi-Tech Tools D.Two Reliable AI Tools:Virtual Agronomist and Plant Village 410 实战册 实战高考·英语 Passage15(2024山东烟台、德州二模，C) 主题：饮食与环境答案：P399 Do you know cultivated meat?Typically,making this sort of meat starts with cells from domestic animals.The cells are grown in bioreactors full of nutrient-rich liquid,and then har- vested,and eventually become products such as steak or chicken.In a homely kitchen of Eat Just,a startup,a slice of such meat was fried and then served with peppers.The first mouthful of it was extraordinary because the meat was grown in a lab,rather than on an animal. Meanwhile,it was also dull,because the texture,taste,look and smell of the meat was almost identical to that of chicken. In June,Eat Just and Upside Foods became the first two companies to win regulatory approval to sell cultivated meat in America.A handful of other firms are trying to bring culti- vated meat to market.But the hope is fading owing to continued high costs and troubles with mass production. The UN reports meat and dairy production already accounts for 12%of humanity's greenhouse-gas emissions.Demand for meat is skyrocketing among the growing middle classes of Africa and Asia.Lab-grown meat could help meet that demand without the world breaking its carbon budget.By contrast,two-fifths of Americans claim to restrict their meat consump- tion either for ethical(reasons or environmental ones.Lab-grown meat may seem less ethically worrisome than eating animals.And the early success of plant-based meat alternatives gave investors hope.Beyond Meat,one such firm,went public in 2019,and saw its value shoot to $14 billion. Though lab-grown meat offers an alternative to farm-grown meat,questions have been raised about how climate-friendly it can be.A study published earlier this year found that in some circumstances cultivated meat could be more polluting than the conventional stuff because the bioreactor is in great need of power to control its temperature.Consequently,only if renewable energy is used in the production process will cultivated meat cut the carbon foot- print of the meat industry. Whether this effort can make lab-grown meat attractive and cheap enough to attract consumers remains to be seen. 1.What does the author focus on concerning cultivated meat in paragraph 1? A.Its characteristics. B.Its health benefits. C.Its cooking methods. D.Its similarities to artificial meat. 2.What can we infer from paragraph 3? A.Most Americans skip meat. B.Asians prefer lab-grown meat. C.Beyond Meat is facing financial collapse. D.Lab-grown meat may have a vast consumer market. 3.In which aspect does the cultivated-meat industry damage the environment? A.Poisonous chemical leaks. B.Land occupation. C.Greenhouse-gas emissions. D.Water consumption. 4.What's the author's attitude to lab-grown meat? A.Opposed. B.Favorable. C.Uncaring. D.Reserved. 42 0专题1阅读理解 Passage16(2024山东日照二模，C) 主题：航天飞行答案：P399 Disabled astronauts-in-training have completed a zero-gravity flight 25,000ft above Earth to help understand how spacesuits and spaceships can be made more accessible The group of 14,who were from five different countries,including Australia,Brazil, Germany,Spain and the US,was made up of scientists,engineers and doctors.They have mobil- ity,vision and hearing difficulties. The groundbreaking trip,organized by AstroAccess,happened on a Zero-G aircraft in Houston,Texas.It came just weeks after the European Space Agency (ESA)announced that former Paralympian runner,John McFall,would be part of the 2022 ESA Astronaut Class.The mission took off and landed at Ellington Airport,next to the Houston Spaceport and the NASA Johnson Space center-home to the US human spaceflight training. On climbing to a height of25,000ft,the vehicle began 18 parabolic manoeuvres(抛物线演 )allowing the crews to test out what was needed to make trips to space more accessible for those with disabilities. One group tested a set of tactile graphics(触觉图形)to be added to cabin walls that would allow both blind crew members and short-sighted crew members to maintain a sense of direc- tion during emergencies and help them find emergency device in zero gravity if the lights went off.Those working with the Blind and Mobility Crew were able to demonstrate that a disabled person can independently get into a launch seat and safely fasten the five-point seat belt, proving that disabled people can safely join space missions.The hard-of-hearing and blind crews worked with Sony and Sonic Cloud to help improve speech understanding systems onboard,using Sonic Cloud's innovative sound personalization software. Matt Gohd,CEO of Zero-G Corporation said,"From our time with Steven Hawking to our relationship with AstroAccess,Zero-G believes that the only limits you have are the ones you place on yourself.We are honored to share this amazing experience and the first steps to space with this extraordinary group of individuals.Space should be open to everyone. 1.What is the idea behind the flight? A.Space travel can be accessible to everyone. B.Space travel will become a popular industry. C.Space travel can develop a spirit of adventure. D.Space travel will be good for universe exploration. 2.What was special about the flight? A.It had a former athlete on board. B.It was designed for disabled people. C.It was the first zero-gravity flight ever.D.It got financial aid from different countries 3.Why were the tests conducted? A.To make preparations for the flight. B.To enhance speech understanding systems C.To better the skills of the disabled in using launch seats. D.To evaluate the possibility of space travel for the disabled. 4.What message is conveyed in Matt Gohd's words? A.Great minds think alike. B.Unity is strength. C.Actions speak louder than words. D.Anything is possible. 43