专题1 2025新课标Ⅰ卷(实战册)-【实战高考】2026年高考英语总复习（山东专版）

专题1 阅读理解 过去考什公 山东新高考全练 答案：P383-P393 2025新课标I卷（每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） Passage1(2025新课标I卷，A) 主题：环境保护词数：328答案：P383 The greening of planes,trains and automobiles Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global COz emissions().As the world races to decarbonize everything,it faces particular problems with transportation-which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. SHIPPING OTHER ROAD VEHICLES 10.6% 2.2% ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ ROAD(PASSENGER) ROAD(GOODS) 45.1% 29.4% AIRPLANES RAIL 11.6% 1% The fuels for transport need to be not just green,cheap and powerful,but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs.Much is still to be settled,but here are some of the solutions to get us going green. PLANES-Synthetic hydrocarbons CARS-Batteries The hardest sector to decarbonize is Batteries are energy-efficient and electric aviation.One long-term option for cars can plug into existing systems and sustainable fuel for planes is to make services.New solid-state batteries will hydrocarbons from recycled air. take a car farther on a single charge. FUTURE FUELS TRAINS-Electricity TRUCKS-Hydrogen fuel cells SHIPS-Liquid ammonia Some trains are already Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter Liquid ammonia is easy electrified through rails choice than batteries for trucks, to keep and transport,but or wires;others can be but making green hydrogen is it is hard to ignite(点然) made electric in pretty expensive. and requires an engine simple ways redesign. This energy transition()is global,and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is "a little bit mind-blowing",says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.It's estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.Fortunately,analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task."We need to speed up the development of green energy,and it will all get used,"says Wipke. 1.[细节理解题]What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in2Ol8? A.11.6%. B.45.1%. C.74.5%. D.86.1%. 实战册 实战高考·英语 2.[细节理解题]Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily? A.Planes. B.Trucks. C.Trains. D.Ships. 3.[细节理解题]What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition? A.Limiting fuel consumption. B.Putting more effort into renewables. C.Improving energy efficiency. D.Making electricity more affordable. Passage2(2025新课标I卷，B) 主题：自我成长词数：295答案：P383 In my ninth-grade writing class last year,I met a cowboy who saved his town,a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A's,and a modern-day Juliet who died of heart- break after her parents rejected the love of her young life.More than once,I found myself wondering just how my students,who'd created these people,knew their subjects so well. But things were different for their first essay,which was about the question:"Why is writing important?"Most of the essays filled less than one page,and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis()statement.I was shocked.Then I realized that the problem was the question itself.They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing,in and of itself,simply didn't strike them as important.This would have to change. As a new unit started,I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice.This time they found the exercise much more interesting.For the next two assignments,a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop,I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre()and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering.The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories,10 to 20 pages each,with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication.How- ever,my students demonstrated something more important to me.When the final bell rang in June,I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing's most powerful signifi- cance-the ability to connect people,to put us in another's skin,to teach us what it means to be human. l.[细节理解题]Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1? A.Ninth graders B.Students'parents. C.Modern writers. D.Fictional characters. 2.[推理判断题]Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay? A.They were not given enough time. B.They had a very limited vocabulary. C.They misunderstood the question. D.They had little interest in the topic 3.[词义猜测题]What does the underlined word“staggering”in paragraph3mean? A.Mixed. B.Amazing. C.Similar. D.Disturbing. 4.[推理判断题]What does the author's experience show? A.Teaching is learning. B.Still waters run deep. C.Knowledge is power. D.Practice makes perfect. 2■ 0专题1阅读理解 Passage3(2025新课标I卷，C) 主题：发展与环境词数：315答案：P383 While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years,transport studies also show declines in pedestrian()mobility,especially among young children.Many parents say there's too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school,so they pack them into the car instead. Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brommelstroet are bothered by facts like these.In their new book Movement:How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives. Life on city streets started to change decades ago.Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere.Some communities fought back.Most famously,a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park.Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway,Jane Jacobs called on her mayor()to champion "New York as a decent place to live,and not just rush through".Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well. Although these campaigns were widespread,the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly.In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people,among the highest rate of car ownership in the world. We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through,but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can't move safely around our communities?The authors of Movement have it right:it's time to think differently about that street outside your front door. l.[细节理解题]What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1? A.Cars often get stuck on the road. B.Traffic accidents occur frequently. C.People walk less and drive more. D.Pedestrians fail to follow the rules. 2.[推理判断题]What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do? A.Keep their cities livable. B.Promote cultural diversity. C.Help the needy families. D.Make expressways accessible. 3.[推理判断题]What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s? A.They boosted the sales of cars. B.They turned out largely ineffective. C.They won government support. D.They advocated building new parks. 4.[标题归纳题]What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Why the Rush? B.What's Next? C.Where to Stay? D.Who to Blame? 3 实战册 实战高考·英语 Passage4(2025新课标I卷，D) 主题：环境保护词数：318答案：P384 Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth-they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas,stuck inside volcanic rocks,filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow.They are even appearing inside humans. Now,new research suggests that a simple,cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap(水龙头)：boiling and filtering(过滤)it.n a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science Technology Letters,researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes-then filtering it after it cools-could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics. Crucially,this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate()to trap the plastics.In the study,boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics.But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate,boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.Additionally,the research didn't include all types of plastics.The team focused only on three common types-polysty- rene,polyethylene and polypropylene-and they didn't study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride. Still,the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure a task that's becoming increasingly difficult.Even bottled water,scientists found earlier this year,contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought. Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are-but what they do know has raised concerns.The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake."The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,"Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay,an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research,tells New Scientist."We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics. 1.[推理判断题]How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph? A.By quoting an expert. B.By defining a concept. C.By giving examples. D.By providing statistics. 2.[细节理解题]What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water? A.The hardness of water. B.The length of cooling time. C.The frequency of filtering. D.The type of plastic in water. 3.[推理判断题]What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in para- graph 4? A.The importance of plastic recycling.B.The severity of the microplastic problem. C.The danger in overusing pure water.D.The difficulty in treating polluted water. 4.[推理判断题]What is Gauchotte-Lindsay's suggestion about? A.Choice of new research methods. B.Possible direction for further study. C.Need to involve more researchers. D.Potential application of the findings. 4■实战册参考答案及解析 目 专题1。阅读理解 山东新高考全练 Passage 1 Amazing意思相近.故选B。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球交通运 ④A推理判断题。文章最后一段提到，作者原本认为 输领域的碳排放问题，以及不同交通方式向绿色能源转 写作是交流的工具，但学生展示了更重要的意义—一 型的解决方案。 连接人心、理解人性。这表明作者通过教学也从学生 ①C细节理解题。根据图表数据可知，2018年道路运 身上学到了新东西，体现了“教学相长”的道理。故 输（包括客运和货运）占全球交通排放的74.5% 选A。 (45.1%+29.4%)。故选C。 Passage 3 2C细节理解题。根据图表中TRAINS一Electricity 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了城市交通对 部分“Some trains are already electrified through rails 行人，特别是儿童出行的影响，以及作者对街道重新设计 or wires;others can be made electric in pretty simple 的呼吁。 ways.”可知，火车向绿色能源转型相对容易。故选C。 ①C细节理解题。根据第一段“..transport studies 3B细节理解题。最后一段中Wipke提到“We need to also show declines in pedestrian()mobility,espe- speed up the development of green energy,and it will cially among young children.Many parents say there's all get used”,明确强调了可再生能源(renewables)的 too much traffic on the roads for their children to 重要性。故选B。 walk safely to school,so they pack them into the car Passage 2 instead.”可知，交通研究显示行人流动性下降，尤其是 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在写作 儿童。许多家长因道路上车辆太多，不让孩子步行上 教学中的经历、学生在写作方面的变化和成长，以及作者 学，转而开车接送。这说明人们走路少了，开车多了。 自身对写作教学的重新认识。 故选C。 ①D细节理解题。文章第一段提到作者在九年级写作 ②A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Describing her 课上遇到了“拯救小镇的牛仔”“要求儿子门门得A的 alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, 严厉父亲”“因父母反对爱情心碎而死的现代朱丽叶”。 Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (to champion 从最后一句中的“I found myself wondering just how 'New York as a decent place to live,and not just rush my students,who'd created these people'”可知，这些人 through'.Similar campaigns occurred in Australia..." 物是学生创造的虚构角色。故选D。 知，Jane Jacobs呼吁市长将纽约打造为“适宜居住的 2D推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Then I realized 地方，而不只是匆匆穿行的通道”。类似的运动在澳大 that the problem was the question itself.They could 利亚也有发生。这些运动的核心是保护社区环境，让 have written pages on the necessity of computers,but 城市保持宜居性。故选A。 writing..didn't strike them as important.”可知，学生 ③B推理判断题。根据第四段可知，尽管类似的运动很 对写作主题缺乏兴趣，所以写得很差。故选D。 普遍，但事实是大多数西方城市都是围绕汽车的需求 3B词义猜测题。根据画线词后信息“The students 重新设计的。说明这些运动在很大程度上是无效的。 took on diverse topics and turned in stories,10 to 20 故选B。 pages each,with characters that broadened my view ④A标题归纳题。全文围绕城市交通规划过度倾向机 and touched my heart.”可知，学生在新作业中写了l0 动车、忽视行人需求的问题展开。作者通过对比行人 到20页的故事，角色塑造深刻，打动了作者。这种成 流动性下降、家长被迫开车送孩子上学、历史上保护社 果远超预期，因此staggering应译为“令人惊叹的”，与 区的运动失败等现象，呼吁反思街道的功能—不应 383 答案 实战高考·英语 仅为“匆匆(rush)穿行”而设计。故选A。 判断句意。 Passage 4 Passage 5 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了微塑料污染 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Marin 问题，并介绍了一项研究发现：煮沸和过滤自来水可以显 地区自然环境修复和保护的志愿者活动。 著降低水中的微塑料含量。 TC细节理解题。由第一段信息句“Help restore and ①C推理判断题。第一段通过列举微塑料在地球上的 protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Head- 广泛分布（如深海、喜马拉雅山、火山岩、海鸟胃部、南 lands to Bolinas Ridge...Habitat Restoration Team 极雪以及人体内)来呈现污染问题，属于典型的“举例 volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive 说明”手法。故选C。 resources and protecting endangered species across the 2A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Crucially,this ridges and valleys.”可知，栖息地恢复小组的目的是保 process relies on the water containing enough calcium 护当地生态系统。故选C。 carbonate(碳酸钙)to trap the plastics.”可知，水的硬 2B细节理解题。由AGE,SKILLS,WHAT TO BRING 度（碳酸钙含量）决定了捕获微塑料的有效性。故 部分的信息句“Volunteers aged 10 and over are 选A。 welcome.”可知，参加栖息地恢复小组的年龄要求是 3B推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Even bottled 10岁及以上。故选B。 water,scientists found earlier this year,contains 10 to ③B细节理解题。由AGE,SKILLS,WHAT TO BRING 1,000 times more microplastics than originally 部分的信息句“We'll be working rain or shine.Wear thought.”可知，瓶装水中的微塑料含量比原本认为的 clothes that can get dirty..”可知，志愿者工作风雨无 高l0到1O00倍。结合上文“reducing microplastic 阻(rain or shine)。故选B。 exposure-a task that's becoming increasingly Passage 6 difficult'”可知，作者通过对比瓶装水的污染程度，进一 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了兽医 步突显微塑料问题的“严重性(severity)”。故选B。 William Farber因为一次患病经历接触到针灸，后来他将 解题陷阱本题考生容易误选D。考生会依据第四 传统的西方疗法和针灸结合起来，救治宠物。 个A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“If he seems a little 段首句“..a task that's becoming increasingly diffi- defensive,it might be because even some of his cut”,认为这一段是说明“处理污染水的困难”。但文 coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods." 中提到瓶装水微塑料含量，旨在通过对比突出微塑料 知，同事们认为他有些古怪，odd与unusual是同义表达。 污染的普遍性和严重性，服务文章主旨。建议考生结 故选A。 合文章主旨确定正确选项。 ②C推理判断题。根据题干信息，可定位到文章第二段 ④D推理判断题。在最后一段中，Gauchotte-Lindsay "..Then he tried acupuncture...and was amazed 评价该研究“展示微塑料如何通过煮沸过程被捕获的 that he improved after two or three treatments.What 方式很好”，并建议“We should be looking into worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they patients.So,after studying the techniques for a couple remove microplastics'”。这一建议是将研究发现（煮沸+ of years,he began offering them to pets.”。So体现 过滤的有效性)应用于实际水处理场景，属于“研究结 信息前后是因果关系，Farber的背痛药物治疗没有取 果的潜在应用(potential application of the findings)”。 得明显的效果，尝试了针灸后得到改善，所以他在学习 故选D。 了针灸技术后，把针灸应用到宠物身上。故选C。 解题陷阱本题考生容易误选B。Gauchotte-Lindsay 3D段落大意题。根据第三段“Leigh Tindale'sdog 提到“We should be looking into upgrading drinking Charlie had a serious heart condition...but Farber's water treatment plants'”,考生可能将“looking into”理 treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she 解为“研究方向”，但“升级水处理厂”属于实际应用层 was able to keep him alive for an additional five 面，而非进一步研究。建议考生关注上下文逻辑，准确 months.And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, 384