专题10 并列句和状语从句(精讲册)-【实战高考】2026年高考英语总复习（山东专版）

专题10 并列句和状语从句 目 ⊙ 丝局边复习必备 一、并列句 英语中的并列句是由两个或更多个独立分句通过并列连词（如and、but、or、nor、for、so、yet),分 号，或分号加连接副词连接而成的句子。每个独立分句都有主语和谓语，能表达完整的思想，可 单独成句。 常用的并列连词可以分为以下情况： and表示顺承、递进等 表示引申和 not only.but also不仅…而且… 增补意义 neither...nor..既不…也不… as well as和，又，也 but但是 表示转折 yet然而 列连 表示对比 while而，然而 $0:前一分句多为后一分句存在的原因，s0 后的分句表示结果，不能和because连用 表示因果 for:表示附加的原因 or或者 表示选择 either..or..或者…或者… 特殊的并列连词 when一…就，刚…就 二、状语从句 在复合句中作状语的从句是状语从句。状语从句可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词或整个句子，表示时 间、地点、条件、原因、目的、结果、方式、让步、比较等。状语从句由从属连接词引导。 选择引导状语从句的连词是学习状语从句的重点、难点，必须掌握状语从句的种类和用法，熟记 连接状语从句的从属连接词，并弄清它们之间的区别，根据题目的意思确定具体选用的连词。学 习和使用状语从句一定要与从属连接词部分紧密联系。 377 讲解 实战高考·英语】 状语从句及其引导词可以分为以下情况： 引导词（组）：when、while、as、before、after、since、the moment、by the time、. until、not.until、the first time 时间状语从句 时态问题：①主句和从句动作都尚未发生：主将从现：②已经发生过：根据语境判断 短暂性动词（如depart):not.until 区分untilz和not.until:看主句谓语动词 延续性动词（如wait):until 引导词：where 地点状语从句 作地点状语的通常是介词短语，而不是从句 引导词（组）：because、as、since、in that、seeing that、considering that、now that、 given that(+句子) 原因状语从句 连词：for(连接两个句子，不可放句首) 因为 介词短语：because of、due to、owing to、thanks to、for the sake of、as a result of (+n./adi,不可接句子) 介词（短语）：to、in order to、so as to 状语 目的状语从句 为了 句 从句引导词（组）：so that、in order that(+主谓) so+adj./adv.+that 结果状语从句 such+n.+that 引导词（组）：although、though、even though、even if、as、while、no matter wh-、-ever、 whether...or... 让步状语从句 whilei译成“虽然”时，只能放句首 as he looks young s引导的状语从句的表语可放句首构成部分倒装 young as he looks as、the way、asif、as though 方式状语从句 by、by means of、in..way、in..manner 条件状语从句 supposing that、if、unless、once、in case、on condition that、provided that、 as long as、so long as、for fear that as..as引导从句 比较状语从句 than 378 ○专题10并列句和状语从句 ⊙ 学什么⊙入 重难知识梳理 一、并列连词（词组）》 1.表并列、递进或顺承关系的并列连词（词组）：and、both..and.·、neither..nor..、not only...but also...as well as Not only the teacher but also the students were invited. 不但那位教师被邀请，而且学生们也被邀请了。 2.表转折关系的并列连词：but、yet;表对比关系的并列连词：while The failure was a big blow to him,but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as evr.这次失败对他是个很大的打击，但他并没有沮丧，很快便像以前一样充满热情。 I was never very neat,while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. 我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，而我的室友凯特却极有条理。 3.表选择关系的并列连词（词组）：or、either..or..、not..but.. They gave money to the old people either personally or through their companies. 他们给老年人送钱，有的是以个人的名义，有的则是通过他们的公司。 4.表因果关系的并列连词：$o、for(意为“由于”，一般不放在句首) He found it increasingly difficult to read,for his eyesight was beginning to decline. 由于他的视力正开始下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。 5.when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time.。常用于下列句式： (l)主语+was/were about to do sth.when..“.…正要做某事，这时突然…”； (2)主语+was/were on the point of doing sth.when..“.…正要做某事，这时突然.”； (3)主语+was/were doing sth.when..“.…正在做某事，这时突然.”； (4)主语+had done sth.when..“.…刚做完某事，这时突然…”。 I was driving down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. 我正开车去伦敦，这时突然发现自己走错了路。 She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.昨天她刚做完家庭作业，她妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。 二、状语从句 考点清单一：时间状语从句 l.when、while和as引导的时间状语从句 While I was waiting at the bus stop,three buses went by in the opposite direction. 当我在公共汽车站等车时，对向驶过了三辆公共汽车。 As the average age of the population increases,there are more and more old people to care for.随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。 2.表示“一…就…”的连词（词组）引导的时间状语从句 此类连词（词组）有as soon as、the moment、the minute、the instant、immediately、.directly、 379 讲解册 实战高考·英语 hardly..when..、no sooner..than..等。 The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work,she was filled with joy.我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。 I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once. 我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我马上回家。 3.before和since引导的时间状语从句 (I)before表示“在…之前；还未…就…；还没有来得及…就…”。常用句式：Itwi训 be/was+一段时间+before...“过了一段时间才.”；It won'tbe/wasn't+一段时间+ before..“没过多久就”。 We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it. 在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。 If you miss this chance,it may be years before you get another one. 如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再次获得机会。 (2)since意为“自…以来”，常用句式：Itis/has been+一段时间+since从句（常用一般过去 时).。sice从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句常用一般现在时、现在完成时或现在完成进 行时。 As is reported,it is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded. 正如所报道的，清华大学自建立以来已有一百多年了。 4.until/til引导的时间状语从句 until/,till用于肯定句，表示“直到…为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；not..until/, till..表示“直到…才…”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于 句首，而l不能。 She didn't start the lesson until the pupils settled down. 等学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。 5.every time、each time、next time,the first time、by the time等引导的时间状语从句 By the time you have finished this book,your meal will get cold. 等你看完这本书，你的饭就凉了。 考点清单二：比较状语从句 要点精讲1：as..as..引导的原级比较状语从句 as..as..引导原级比较状语从句，第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词，中间接形容词、副词原 级，也可以是“as+形容词+a(n)+名词+as”结构。否定句中，可以替换为not so..as..·。 He woke up as suddenly as he had fallen asleep.他醒来得和入睡一样突然。 I have never seen so much rain in February as I did that year. 我从未见过像那年二月那么多雨。 要点精讲2：than引导的比较状语从句 “形容词/副词比较级+than..”结构是常用比较级结构。 380 ○专题10并列句和状语从句 The youth of today are better off than we used to be..现在的年轻人比我们过去的境况要好。 要点精讲3：The+比较级..，the+比较级.. “The+比较级..，the+比较级..”是高频句型，表示“越…，就越…”。 The more we can do for you,the happier we will be.为你们做得越多，我们就越感到高兴。 The more difficult the questions are,the less likely I am to be able to answer them 问题越困难，我就越不可能回答出来。 考点清单三：让步状语从句 1.although、though和as引导的让步状语从句 though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；although引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句必 须用倒装语序。 Although these measures are not effective forever,they are vital for now. 虽然这些措施并不能永久有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。 Hot as/though the night air was,we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey..夜晚的空气虽然很热，但因为长途旅行之后很累，我们睡得很沉。 2.even if/,even though引导的让步状语从句 even if/,even though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。 Tim is in good shape physically even though/even if he doesn't get much exercise. 蒂姆尽管不怎么锻炼，但他体形很好。 3.“疑问词+-ever”引导的让步状语从句 “where/what/who/whom/when/which/how+-ever”表示“无论.”，☑引导让步状语从句时， 相当于no matter where/what/who/whom/when/which/how。 However/No matter how hungry I am,I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. 无论我有多么饿，我似乎从来不能吃完一整条面包。 4.whether..or..引导的让步状语从句 whether...or..意为“无论…还是”，提供两种对比的情况。 All people,whether they are old or young,rich or poor,have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. 所有人，无论年老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。 ⊙ 语法实战演练 l.(2025山东济南一模)He wanted to join the basketball team, he lacked the neces- sary physical strength. 2.(2025江苏南京二模) you finish your homework,you can go out to play with your friends. 381 讲解册 实战高考·英语 3.(2025广东广州高三调研)She was late for school this morning she missed the early bus. 4.(2025湖南长沙高三联考) he was tired after a long day of work,he still helped his neighbor repair the fence. 5.(2o24新课标Ⅱ卷)Recalling watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ill in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion,Edmondson said,"It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language_ see how Tang's play was being performed. 6.(2o24淅江1月卷)Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh. 7.(2o23全国乙卷)It is a distinct visual contrast(反差)that shouldn't work, somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 8.(2o23新课标Ⅱ卷)It's been an honor to watch the panda programme develop to see the pandas settle into their new home. 9.(2o23全国甲卷)Miss Zhao told us the names of the insects described their living habits l0.(2o23浙江l月卷)During China's dynastic period,emperors planned the city of Beijing arranged the residential areas according to social classes. ll.(2o22全国乙卷)The“First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative”issued (at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation cultural exchanges. l2.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷)He hung on for a few minutes screamed for his father,but his father didn't hear him. 13.(2o21全国甲卷)My bike was old and shaky did the job. l4.(2o21全国乙卷)It was not widely accepted as a travel concept the late 1980s. 15.(2020全国Ⅲ卷) he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(artist,they smiled and pointed down the river. 16.(2020 )One of the earliest-known inventions is the bow and arrow,which is still used throughout the world today,15,000 years it was first invented. 382答案册 实战高考·英语 故填what。 3why“he was absent from the meeting”为同位语从 句，解释先行词reason,应用连接副词why引导，表示 “…的原因”。故填why。 ④that“she could speak English so fluently..”为表语 从句，结构完整，应用连接词that引导。故填that。 ⑤what分析句子结构可知，介词in后面是宾语从句，从句 中缺少主语，指物，应用what引导宾语从句。故填what。 ⑥what分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中 缺少宾语，指事物，应用连接代词what。故填what。 ⑦why分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，在从句 中作原因状语，应用连接副词why。故填why。 专题10井 ①but前后句为转折关系，应用并列连词but连接，表示 “尽管想加入，但缺乏体力”。故填but。 2Once/After“you finish your homework'”为时间状语 从句，应用once(一旦)或after(在…之后)引导，表 示出去玩的条件。句首首字母大写，故填Once/After。 3 because“she missed the early bus'”为原因状语从句， 应用because引导，表示“因为错过早班车而迟到”。故 填because。 ④Although/Though“he was tired”为让步状语从句， 应用although或though引导，表示“尽管疲惫，但仍帮 助邻居”。句首首字母大写，故填Although/Though。 ⑤and空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang's play was being performed'”为并列结构，应 用and连接。故填and。 ⑥or根据句首“Either'”可知，设空处应用or,将“your shopping is then too heavy to carry home""you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh”连接起来， 表达“要么…要么…”。故填or。 ⑦but根据句意可知，空格前后存在转折关系，应用but 连接。故填but。 8and分析句子结构可知，“to watch the panda pro- gramme develop"to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者之间是并列关系，应用and连接。故 填and。 ⑨and句意：赵老师给我们讲了昆虫的名字，并描述了 502 8 whether/,if分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句， 中间插入了定语从句“who.,speak”,而宾语从句句意 不完整，缺少“是否”，即whether/if。故填whether/if。 解题陷阱本题考生很容易误认为“she could do”缺 宾语，从而误填what。但是，仔细观察发现，so已经作 了0的宾语，宾语从句的成分都齐全了，所以重新思 考，回归正路，应填写whether/if。 ⑨where空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作地点状语，应 用where“在哪里；…的地方”。故填where。 0why空处引导表语从句，从句缺少“为什么”的词义， 应用why作原因状语。故填why。 句和状语从句 它们的生活习性。空格前后为并列关系，应用连词 and。故填and。 Oand分析句子结构可知，planned和arranged是并列 的谓语动词，表示并列关系，应用连词and连接。故 填and。 们and分析句子结构可知，international cooperation和 cultural exchanges为并列成分，应用and连接，作动词 promote的宾语。故填and。 2and分析句子结构可知，hung和screamed为并列谓 语，应用and连接。故填and。 3but根据句意可知，空格前后为转折关系，应用but 连接。故填but。 4 until根据空前的not可知，此处until与not一起构 成not..ntil..结构，意为“直到…才…”。故填 until。 ⑤When/As根据句意可知，空处引导时间状语从句， 表示“当…时候”，用when或as。句首单词首字母 要大写。故填When/As。 解题陷阱空处很容易误填While。.有的考生认为 此处表达的是“当…的时候”，便会不假思索地填上 While,没有意识到asked为非延续性动词，不能用 while引导。 16 after根据句意可知“在它被发明15000年后，至今 仍在全世界被使用”，应用after“在…之后”引导从 句。故填after。