专题8 定语从句(精讲册)-【实战高考】2026年高考英语总复习（山东专版）

Q讲解册参考答案及解析 with。 要连接，不是连词；只能是介词，根据句意不难确定答 ⑥in短语in person意为“当面，亲自，本人”，此处表示 案as。 “面对面地相聚”。故填in。 0in late in the evening意为“深夜”。故填in。 7with根据空前的“not only..but also..”结构可知， 们for buy sth.for some money表示“以…价钱买到 空处与前面的by hand并列，作方式状语，分别是“用 某物”。故填for。 手”和“用老式的钢笔”，而“用笔”是“用工具”。故填 2 by increase by表示“增加了…”，by表示数量的变 with。 化。故填by。 解题陷阱空处很容易受前面by误导而误填by,也 解题陷阱]空处很容易误填to,而increase to表示 有可能根据空后的名词pens而填冠词the,或者想当然 “增长到”，与句意不符。排除o之后，再推敲句意，只 地根据空后的old-fashioned直接填冠词an。只要细心 能填by。 分析句子结构和句意，一定能填对with。 3in“they lived ”是定语从句，关系代词在从 ⑧to think to oneself表示“心想，暗想”。故填to。 句中作宾语，被省略。live in意为“居住（在某地）”，符 ⑨as此处表示“作为中国首都”，介词as意为“作为”。 合句意。故填in。 故填as。 4to/into fall apart to/into表示“坍塌，破碎，四分五 解题陷阱空处很容易根据空后的of China误认为 裂”。故填to/into。 ⑤on keep an eye on表示“关照，照料”，符合句意。故 是特指“中国的首都”，从而误填定冠词the。但是，这 填on。 样与句子前部不衔接。重新调整思路：不是冠词；不需 专题89 定语从句 ①that/which从句“I borrowed from the library'”修饰 whose. 先行词the book(指物)，关系代词在定语从句中作宾 ⑧which/that空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先 语，可用that或which。故填that/which。 行词a company指物，应用which或that。故填 2 which/that从句“we visited last summer”修饰先行 which/that。 词the city(指物)，关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，可 ⑨where空处引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，先 用which或that。故填which/that, 行词是the place,应用关系副词where。.故填where。. ③when从句“we first met in the park"”修饰先行词the 0that/which空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先 day,关系副词when在从句中作时间状语。故填 行词为Hong Kong kung fu movies,指物，应用关系代 when. 词that或which。故填that/which。 ④as空处引导非限定性定语从句，指代前面整句话的 们who空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为 内容，且有“正如”之意，应用关系代词as。故填as。 Niwa,指人。故填who。 ⑤that/which空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先 2that分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句 行词为the way,应用关系代词that或which。故填 中作主语，先行词是不定代词everything,.空处需用关 that/which。 系代词that,不可用which。故填that。 ⑥which/that空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先 3that/who空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行 行词为a place,应用关系代词which或that。故填 词是academics“学者”，指人。故填that/who。 which/that。 4that/which分析句意和句子结构可知，空处引导定 ⑦whose空处引导定语从句，在从句中作hair的定语， 语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行词是tool,指物。故 先行词是a woman,应用关系代词whose。故填 填that/which。 专题9？名词性从句 ①What“we need to do now”为主语从句，缺少宾语，应 2what“ they thought was the most difficult 用连接代词what引导，表示“.…的事情”。句首首字 part”为宾语从句，其中“ they thought'”为主 母大写。故填What。 语从句，空处为thought的宾语，应用连接代词what。 501专题8 定语从句 ⊙ 丝 高效复习必备 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。定语从句的难点在于如何准确判断应该使 用关系代词还是关系副词，以及关系代词that和which的区别。 限制性定语从句：对先行词起修饰、限制作用 分类 非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用，与主句常用逗号隔开 that指人或物，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语 which:指物，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语 who:指人，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语 whom指人，在从句中充当宾语 关系代词引导的定语从句 whose:指人或物，在从句中充当定语 定语从句 as:指人或物，在从句中充当主语、宾语 只用that不用which的情况 只用which不用that的情况 只用who不用that的情况 when:先行词为时间名词，when在从句中充当时间状语 关系副词引导的定语从句 where::先行词为地点名词，where在从句中充当地点状语 why:先行词为the reason,why在从句中充当原因状语 单个介词+关系代词(which,whom,whose))He lived in London for three months,during which time he learned some English. “介词+关系代词' 介词短语+关系代词(which,whom,whose):They arrived at a farmhouse, 引导的定语从句 in front of which sat an old man. 表示全部/部分的词语+of+关系代词(which,whom):He has five children,, all of whom are boys. 366 O专题8定语从句 学什么⊙人 重难知识梳理 考点清单一：关系代词hat和which的典型用法归纳 要点精讲1：只用关系代词that不用which的场合 场合 示例 The horse and its rider that you told me are admired by us all 先行词既有人又有物时 我们都很钦佩你告诉我的那匹马和它的骑手。 This is the first film that I have seen since I moved here. 先行词被序数词修饰时 这是我搬到这里后看的第一部电影。 The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city. 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时 这座电视塔是这个城市所建的最高的建筑物。 先行词是nothing、anything、all, Is there anything that I can do for you?我能为您做些什么吗？ much、little等不定代词时 All that glitters is not gold..闪闪发光的未必都是金子。 先行词被only、very、little、all等 This is the very pen that I am looking for.这就是我正在找的那支钢笔。 限定词修饰时 当主句是以which或who开头 Which book is the one that you recommended?你推荐的是哪本书？ 的疑问句时 Who is the person that you saw yesterday?你昨天见到的那个人是谁？ 要点精讲2：只用关系代词which不用that的场合 场合 示例 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句Jim passed the driving test,.which surprised everybody in the 或主句的一部分，标志为逗号 office.吉姆通过了驾驶考试，办公室里的每个人都很吃惊。 用于“介词+关系代词”结构，如in which、 Is this the room in which Mr.White lives? both of which等，标志为介词 这是怀特先生住的房间吗？ 考点清单二：关系代词whose、.who和whom的典型用法归纳 要点精讲1：关系代词whose的用法 1.whose用作关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，先行词指人或物。 2.whose有时用于“介词+whose+名词”结构。 3.whose+名词=the+名词+of whom/which=of whom/which+the+名词。 Fortune never helps the man whose courage fails. 运气从不帮助丧失勇气的人。 Look at the building,whose roof/the roof of which/of which the roof is red. 看那栋楼，它的楼顶是红色的。 367 讲解册 实战高考·英语 要点精讲2：关系代词who和whom的用法 1.who用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，先行词指人，可以与that替换。注意Anyone who..以及Those who..句型。 2.whom用作关系代词，在定语从句中作宾语，先行词指人，可以与that替换。注意whom作宾语，可以 省略。 3.whom可以用于“介词+关系代词”结构，who不能。 Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.想去长城的人在这里签名。 The person to whom you just talked is Mr.White.你刚才和他说话的那个人是怀特先生。 考点清单三：关系副词where的典型用法归纳 l.where用作关系副词，在定语从句中作地点状语。注意定语从句可能是主谓结构或主谓宾结构。 2.先行词可以是具体的地，点名词，如school、.museum、centre等。 3.先行词还可以是抽象名词，如point、.case、situation、stage、race、position、job等。（热点，须牢记） This is the hospital where my sister used to work.这是我姐姐曾经工作过的医院。 We have reached the point where a change is needed. 我们已经到了需要改变的地步。（先行词point是抽象地，点） I don't want a job where I'm chained to a desk all day. 我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。（先行词j0b是抽象地，点) 考点清单四：关系副词when的典型用法归纳 1.when用作关系副词，在定语从句中作时间状语。 2.先行词可以是具体的时间名词，如day、month、year等。 3.先行词还可以是抽象名词，如age、stay、occasion等。 Do you remember the day when we first met? 你还记得我们第一次见面的那一天吗？（定语从句是主谓结构，不缺少宾语） There are occasions when one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。（先行词occasions是典型的抽象名词) 考点清单五：关系副词why的典型用法归纳 1.wy用作关系副词，在定语从句中作原因状语。 2.why还可以用于The reason why..is that..句型中。注意，如果定语从句的谓语动词是及物动词，则应 用关系代词。 The reason why he was late was that he failed to catch the first bus. 他迟到的原因是他没能赶上第一班公共汽车。 The reason that he gave for being late was that he failed to catch the first bus 他给出的迟到的原因是他没能赶上第一班公共汽车。 3681 Q专题8定语从句 考点清单六：如何区分先行词作状语还是宾语 先行词是时间名词，关系词不一定用when;先行词是地点名词，关系词不一定用where;先行词 是原因名词，关系词不一定用why。 窍门：学会分析句子成分，原句含有主谓宾或者不缺少宾语，要用关系副词；原句缺少主语或宾 语，要用关系代词。 1.Do you still remember the days when we traveled together? (when用作关系副词，在定语从句中作时间状语) Do you still remember the days that/which we spent together? (没有特别限定，二者都可以，关系代词在定语从句中作宾语) 2.Is this the museum where you once worked? (where用作关系副词，在定语从句中作地，点状语) Is this the museum that/which you once paid a visit to? (没有特别限定，二者都可以，关系代词在定语从句中作宾语) 3.Is this the reason why he was absent from school yesterday? (why用作关系副词，在定语从句中作原因状语) Is this the reason that/which he gave for absence from school yesterday? (从句的谓语动词give是及物动词，从句中缺少宾语) 4.Anyway,that evening,which I'll tell you more about later,I ended up staying at Rachel's place.(逗号表明这是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少介词about的宾语) 考点清单七：关系代词as的典型用法归纳 要点精讲1：as引导限制性定语从句的用法 1.用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语。 2.用于such..as..、so..as..、the same..as..结构，注意定语从句中，关系词作主语或宾语；而so. that..和such..that..引导结果状语从句时，that只起连接作用不作句子成分。 I never heard such stories as he tells.我从未听过像他讲的那种故事。 They have never read so many books as I read last year. 他们从来都没有读过像我去年读过的那么多书。 要点精讲2：as引导非限制性定语从句的用法 1.as用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句。 2.s位于主句的前、中、后均可，强调前后逻辑一致，表示“正如…”。 3.从句中多含有see、know、expect、.tell、report等动词。 4.which和as的用法区别： (l)位置上：which从句只能位于主句之后，as从句位于主句的前、中、后均可； (2)逻辑上：which强调前后不一；as强调前后逻辑一致； (3)句式上：which多用于“which+动词+宾语”句型；as多用于as we all know/,scc、as is often the case等 结构。 369 讲解册 实战高考·英语 The movie which won the award is very popular. 那部获奖的电影非常受欢迎。 As is known to all,Taiwan belongs to China. 众所周知，台湾属于中国。(s引导非限制性定语从句且位于句首) As is often the case,girls like dolls while boys like guns. 女孩子喜欢玩具而男孩子喜欢枪，这是常见的情况。 考点清单八：“介词十关系代词”结构引导定语从句 1.先行词指人时关系代词用whom,指物时关系代词用which。 2.介词选择的原则：一看先行词的特殊搭配，如to a degree;二看从句谓语动词搭配，如learn from;三看整个 语境逻辑。注意特殊结构，如in which case、with whose help等。 3.在特定情况下会出现“介词+whose+名词”结构，whose作定语。 I'll never forget the day on which we moved to our house. 我将永远不会忘记我们搬家的那一天。（先行词the day常与介词on连用） Is this the car for which you paid a high price? 这就是你花高价买的那辆车吗？(pay for是固定搭配) My computer,without which I can't surf the Internet,broke down yesterday. 我的电脑昨天坏了，没有它我就不能上网了。（根据语境可知应用介词without) 考点清单九：定语从句中的主谓一致 要点精讲1：关系词作主语，定语从句的谓语动词和先行词保持一致。 Anyone who fails to finish the task given should be criticized. 任何不能完成指定任务的人都应受到批评。 要点精讲2：先行词是one of..结构时，定语从句的谓语用复数形式；先行词是the only./very one of...结构时，定语从句的谓语用单数形式。 He is one of the students who have read the book.他是看过这本书的学生中的一个。 She is the only one of the girls who knows English.她是那些女孩中唯一一个懂英语的。 考点清单十：分隔型定语从句及强调句型、名词性从句变式考查 1.先行词与定语从句被谓语动词或介词短语分隔开构成“分隔型”定语从句。 2.定语从句与强调句型相结合构成“Itis/was+被强调部分+定语从句+that..”句式。 3.定语从句与同位语从句的区别：前者起限定作用，后者起解释说明作用，且连接词不能省略。 Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids. 我有时间和孩子们度过一天的机会很少。（分隔型定语从句） It is in the factory which you are visiting that this kind of computer was made. 这种电脑是在你们正在参观的工厂里生产出来的。（强调句型和定语从句混合考查） The news that our team won the game made us excited. 我们队获胜的消息令我们很激动。(that引导同位语从句，且that不作句子成分) 370 O专题8定语从句 The news (that)he told us just now made us very excited. 他刚才告诉我们的消息令我们很激动。(that引导定语从句) 语法实战演练 1.(2025山东济南一模)The book I borrowed from the library last week has inspired me to pursue my dream. 2.(2025江苏南京二模)The city we visited last summer is famous for its ancient architecture. 3.(2025淅江杭州三模)I will never forget the day we first met in the park,which was filled with sunshine and laughter. 4.(2023全国甲卷)Yet,the form of the fable still has values today, Rachel Carson says in“A Fable for Tomorrow”. 5.(2o24淅江1月卷)Of course,shops are not charities-一they price goods in the way will make them the most money. 6.(20o23全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings,Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life,with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 7.(2023全国乙卷)The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman hair color looked just perfect. 8.(2o21新高考Ⅱ卷)I decided that if I learned of a company used a lot of plastic,I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. 9.(2o24山东日照一模)The16 dancers come from the Chaoshan region of South China's Guangdong Province,the place the dance originated,and traveled to England to spread wishes of good fortune in the Year of the Dragon to people in the United Kingdom. 10.(2o24山东潍坊一模)He also taught the Wing Chun style to his student,Bruce Lee,who would go on to act in the beloved Hong Kong kung fu movies helped make Chinese martial arts famous around the world. ll.(2o24山东临沂二模)A more generally accepted legend goes that humans were created by a goddess named Nuwa, had a human head but the body of a snake. 12.(2o21北京卷)When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything happened during the day,trying to link new experiences to old memories. l3.(2022淅江l月卷)Kim Cobb,a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta,is one of a small but growing minority of academics are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. l4.(2o21淅江1月卷)BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. 371