专题01 语法填空之提示词为动词（时态语态与主谓一致）（知识清单）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习知识清单聚焦语法填空之动词考点，系统梳理动词时态语态与主谓一致专题，涵盖一般/进行/完成/其他时态，被动语态构成及主动表被动结构，主谓一致的语法/意义/就近原则三大核心知识板块。 清单通过知识脑图搭建体系，表格对比时态用法与句型结构，标注高频考点如现在完成时的“it is the first time that...”句型，主动表被动结构配例句解析，主谓一致原则分类呈现。优题精练含高考真题与模拟题，培养学生语言能力和思维品质，辅助教师精准教学，提升备考效率。

清单01 语法填空之提示词为动词 (动词时态语态与主谓一致) 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 动词时态 知识点1 一般时态(一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时) 知识点2 进行时态 (现在进行时, 过去进行时,将来进行时) 知识点3 完成时态 (现在完成时, 过去完成时) 知识点4 其他时态 (过去将来时, 现在完成进行时) 考点二 动词语态 知识点1 用法 知识点2 主动形式表示被动意义的结构 考点三 主谓一致 知识点1 语法一致 知识点2 意义一致 知识点3 就近一致 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研●知能分层突破 考点1 动词时态 知识点1 一般时态(一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时) 时态 用法 句型结构 一般现在时 表示现在经常性的、习惯性的、反复的动作或状态。常用的时间状语有always，usually，often，sometimes，every day等。 在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时 一般过去时 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday，last year，three years ago，the other day等时间状语连用。 时间、条件、让步状语从句中，若主句用了过去将来时，从句常用一般过去时。 一般将来时 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。还可以表示说话时临时作出的决定。表示按计划、打算要做某事或某种迹象预示着要发生某事。 ①shall/will＋动词原形 ②be going to＋动词原形 ③be to＋动词原形 ④be about to＋动词原形 ( 1. 表示科学事实、客观真理或自然现象 ( 在过去的语境中用一般现在时 ) 。 2. 表示按时间表、时刻表、日程表等将要发生的动作，只限于 go ， arrive ， leave ， start ， return ， begin ， come ， take off 等动词 ( 短语 ) , 用一般现在时。 3. 用于图片说明、电影说明、戏剧内容及场景解说等，用一般现在时。 4. used to do 表示 “ 过去常常做 ……” 5.“be to ＋动词原形 ” 表示按计划、约定或按职责、义务必须做的事或即将发生的动作。 “be about to ＋动词原形 ” 表示正要或即将做某事，不与具体的时间状语连用。 ) 知识点2 进行时态(现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时) 时态 用法 句型结构 现在进行时 表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 某些表示位置移动的动词，如go，come，leave，arrive，start，move等可用现在进行时表示即将发生或计划要做的动作 过去进行时 表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作或过去某一个阶段内一直在进行的动作。 表示动作在另一个过去的动作发生时正在进行，常与when，while引导的时间状语从句连用。 be doing...when...，when前面的句子常用过去进行时，when后面的句子常用一般过去时。 一些非延续性动词可用过去进行时表示过去按计划或安排将要发生的动作，常见动词有go，come，leave，start，arrive。 将来进行时 表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行的动作，常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。 will be doing sth. ( 现在进行时中，与 always ， often ， constantly 等频度副词连用，表示经常反复的行为或某种感情色彩。感情色彩可褒可贬。 ) 知识点3 完成时态(现在完成时,过去完成时, have/ has/ had done) 时态 用法 句型结构 现在完成时 表示过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响或结果。常用的状语有already，ever，just(刚刚)，yet等。或者表示一个动作开始于过去，一直持续到现在。常与之连用的时间状语有lately，recently，until now，ever since，in the last(past) few days/years，up to now，so far等。 ①This/That/It is the first/second/...time that＋现在完成时 ②This/That/It is the best/finest/most interesting/...＋名词＋that＋现在完成时 ③It is/has been＋时间段＋since...，主句用现在完成时或一般现在时，从句用一般过去时。 过去完成时 表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。 ①By/ by the end of＋过去时间点,主句用过去完成时。 ②by the time＋从句 主句用过去完成时。 ③until/before/since＋过去时间点或从句，主句用过去完成时。 ④hardly/scarcely...when...，no sooner...than...句式中，主句常用过去完成时。 ⑤This/That/It was the first/second/...time that＋过去完成时 ⑥This/That/It was the best/finest/most interesting/...＋名词＋that＋过去完成时 ( 动词 hope ， expect ， mean ， intend ， want ， suppose 的过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。 I had hoped to go home from work ahead of time. 我本希望提前下班回家。 ( 但未能如愿 ) ) 知识点4 其他时态(过去将来时，现在完成进行时) 时态 用法 句型结构 过去将来时 表示从过去的某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。 was/were going to＋动词原形was/were to＋动词原形 was/were about to＋动词原形 现在完成进行时 常用来表示开始于过去某个时间，一直延续到现在并且会继续进行下去的动作。或者表示表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复进行的动作。 have/ has been doing sth. ( 除 “should/would+ 动词原形 ” 外 ( 第一人称通常用 should, 其他人称通常用 would), 过去将来时还有以下常见表达方式 : was/were going to do, was/were about to do, was/were to do, 但是表示过去的某种习惯性动作时 , 常用 would do/used to do 。 ) 考点2 动词语态 知识点1 被动语态构成 被动语态的构成为“be+过去分词”,只要变换be的形式就可以得到不同时态的被动语态。除be外,被动语态的构成形式还有“get/become+过去分词”。下面以do为例 ( 1. 某些及物动词和动词短语无被动语态： have 有； cost 花费； lack 缺少； suit 适合； belong to 属于； suffer from 遭受； date from/back to 追溯到； consist of 由 …… 组成； take part in 参加。 2. 不及物动词 ( 短语 ) 不能用于被动语态。常见的有： happen/take place/occur 发生； remain 剩下； break out 爆发； last 持续； come out 出版； come up 被提出； lose heart 失去信心； run out 用完。 ) 知识点2 主动形式表示被动意义的结构 结构 例句 表示主语的某种属性特征或功能的动词，如read，write，sell，wash，clean，cook，draw等，常与well，easily，smoothly等副词连用，主语通常是物。 The sign reads as follows.告示如下。 Her new book is very interesting and sells well. 她的新书很有趣并且卖得很好。 系动词如smell，taste，feel，look，sound，prove等后接形容词作表语。 Junk food tastes delicious but it doesn’t contain enough nutrition. 垃圾食品吃起来美味但营养不足 open，close，lock，move，keep等动词常与won’t，can’t，wouldn’t 连用。 No matter what he did to the door，it wouldn’t open. 不论他怎么对付这个门，它就是打不开。 在need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词或worth等形容词的后面，用动名词，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 The house needs repairing/to be repaired. 这所房子需要修理。 The film is really worth seeing. 这部电影的确值得一看。 在某些“主语(人/物)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构中用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。常见的形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。 The problem is difficult to work out. (可看作to work out前省略了for me)这道题很难计算。 Do you think the water is safe to drink? 你认为这水喝着安全吗？ be to blame也属于主动形式表被动意义。 Who is to blame for the mistake? 这个错误应该归咎于谁？ 考点3 主谓一致 知识点1 语法一致原则(主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数) 用法 例句 动名词、动词不定式、从句、不定代词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。 Serving the people is my great happiness. Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 主语后有with, together with, along with, except, besides, as well as等加名词或代词构成短语时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 Amy, as well as her brothers, was given a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. and, both...and...连接两个不同的主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物,谓语动词用单数形式。 Both you and I are students. The singer and dancer is said to perform in our school on May Day. ( 定语从句中关系代词作主语时 , 从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。 He is one of the men who were chosen to represent the group. 和 He is the only one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment. what 引导的从句作主语时 , 谓语动词一般用单数形式 , 但如果从句表示复数意义 , 则谓语动词用复数形式。如： What lies at the root of his troubles is a sense of insecurity. What the school needs are qualified teachers. ) 知识点2 意义一致原则(意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数，主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数) 用法 例句 集体名词作主语时,若被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;若被看作构成集体的一个个成员,谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有family, class, team, group, public, committee, government, audience等。 His audience consists mainly of young people. The audience were clapping for over ten minutes. “分数/百分数/the majority+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义;all, some, half, most, the rest等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。 Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan. The majority of the damage is easy to repair. “the+形容词”表示一类人,在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 The old are more likely to catch a cold than the young. 表示时间、距离、重量、金额等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。 Four thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a boy. 知识点3 就近一致原则 (就近一致原则指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语的单复数) 用法 例句 由or, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only... but also...,not... but...等连接的词语作主语,谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。 Either you or Paul is responsible for this thing. Not only you but also your sister is lovely. 由there, here引起的主语不止一个时,谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。 There are twenty boy students and twenty-three girl students in the class. ※Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you. 优题精练●专题实战通关 一．单句语法填空 1.(2025年1月·浙江高考)The concept _______(be) certainly not new — men have been renting good suits for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies. 【答案】is 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这个概念当然并不新鲜——几十年来，男性一直在租赁优质西装——但对于女性购物者来说，它才刚刚兴起。系动词be作谓语，句子陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The concept是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式is。故填is。 2.(2025新高考I 卷)The players’ personalities ________(reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent, 【答案】are revealed 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 3.(2025新高考II 卷)The “sunshine scent(香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ________(be) one of them. 【答案】is 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 4.(2025 浙江高考1月)The concept ________(be) certainly not new--men have been renting good suits for decades--but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies. 【答案】is 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语为单数“concept”，描述一个广泛事实，应用一般现在时，故填is。 5.(2025天津高考第二次)The Song Dynasty _______(see) the introduction of jiaozi, which is supposedly the world’s first paper money. 【答案】saw 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：宋朝见证了交子的出现，交子据说是世界上第一种纸币。see(见证)作主句谓语，结合“The Song Dynasty”可知，这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。 6.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)As a little girl, I _______(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.  【答案】wished 【详解】考查动词时态。句意:作为一个小女孩,我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知,本句缺少谓语动词,所以wish作本句谓语,和主语I之间是主动关系,根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。 7.(2025天津高考第一次)Although it has been proved that Benjamin Franklin’s experiment took place, more than one scientist _______(question) what really happened. A. has questioned B. have questioned C. was questioning D. were questioning 【答案】has questioned 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管富兰克林做实验一事已被证实，但不止一位科学家对当时究竟发生了什么提出了质疑。陈述过去动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，主语为“more than one+名词”，谓语动词为单数形式。 8. (2025天津高考第一次)The reading materials _______(print) before the training began, so that everyone had a copy. 【答案】had been printed 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这些阅读材料在培训开始前就已经印好了，因此每个人都能拿到一份。“打印阅读材料”发生在“培训开始”之前，“began”是过去式，过去的过去需用过去完成时(had + 过去分词)，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。故选D。 9.(2026届河北省文安县第一中学高三下学期一模)In Sept., the 2025 China International Online Literature Week opened in Hangzhou, … Charles-Emmanuel Dewees,co-founder and editor-in-chief of Chireads, a French platform for translating and promoting Chinese online literature, _______(compare) cross-border literature spreading to a“multiplayer instance” in online games. 【答案】compared 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：法国翻译2.推广中国网络文学平台 Chireads 的联合创始人兼主编夏尔-埃马纽埃尔・德韦斯，将跨境文学传播比作网络游戏中的“多人副本”。空处作谓语，根据上文时间“In Sept., the 2025”可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填compared。 10.(2026届河北省文安县第一中学高三下学期一模)While AI can boost translation efficiency, “elegance” — the “ya” in the classic Chinese standard of faithfulness, expressiveness, and elegance — still _______(require) a human touch. 【答案】requires 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管人工智能能够提升翻译效率，但中国传统翻译标准“信、达、雅” 中的“雅”，依旧需要人工打磨。空处作谓语，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语elegance是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。故填requires。 11.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学高三英语周考)On the shores of the Bohai Sea where the winding Yellow River _______(empty) into the ocean, Dongying’s landscape has been shaped by an unusual geographical legacy. 【答案】empties 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在蜿蜒的黄河汇入大海的渤海之滨，东营的地貌由一段独特的地理变迁塑造而成。此空考查谓语动词，the winding Yellow River与empty为主动关系，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为单数，谓语动词用empties。故填empties。 12.(2026届南京市、盐城市高三年级第一次模拟考试)Azheke _______(ride) the 21st-century wave of eco-tourism and become a popular destination. 【答案】has ridden 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：阿者科已经乘上了21世纪的生态旅游浪潮，并成为一个受欢迎的目的地。根据句意及“and become”可知，乘上生态旅游浪潮发生在过去并对现在造成影响(成为目的地)，用现在完成时，且主语Azheke是单数，助动词用has。故填has ridden。 13.(2026届山东济南市高三4月阶段性检测)With the approach of Qingming, one of 24 solar terms, which _______(mean) “clear and bright”, the icy grip of winter has loosened. 【答案】means 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：随着二十四节气之一的清明临近，清明意为“晴朗明亮”，冬日的严寒已经消散。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词Qingming，为单数，且陈述事实，时态为一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。 14.(2026届安徽定远育才学校高三第二次模拟检测)What must remain unchanged _______(be) our traditional dyeing(染色) technique. 【答案】is 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们必须保持不变的是我们传统的染色技术。be是谓语动词，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时态，从句“What must remain unchanged”作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，且故填is。 15.(2026届安徽芜湖市无为中学等校下学期高三3月考试)Now her son and other youth are tasked with promoting it to ensure that the conversation she _______(kick) off with ancient needlework decades ago finds eager listeners on digital screens. 【答案】kicked 【详解】考查时态。句意：现在，她的儿子和其他年轻人肩负着推广它的责任，以确保她几十年前用古老的针线活开启的对话能在数字屏幕上找到热切的听众。空处为句子谓语，根据时间状语decades ago可知，句子应用一般过去时，kick的过去式是kicked。故填kicked。 16.( 2026届江苏扬州市广陵区扬州市新华中学高三3月考前适应性练习二)The term first _______(emerge) in 1956 when University of Chicago sociologists observed TV viewers engaging in parasocial relationships with onscreen personalities. 【答案】emerged 【详解】考查时态。句意：这个术语最早于1956年出现，当时芝加哥大学的社会学家观察到电视观众与屏幕上的人物建立起了拟社会关系，这种关系与他们与家人和朋友之间的关系相似——只不过这是一种单向的依恋。由in 1956可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填emerged。 17.(2026届江苏扬州市广陵区扬州市新华中学高三3月考前适应性练习二)Opportunities for asymmetrical(不对称) relationships _______(mushroom) in the internet era over the past few years. 【答案】have mushroomed 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去几年的互联网时代，不对称关系的机会大幅增加，社交媒体和如今的人工智能将这个学术术语带入了大众视野。由over the past few years可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语Opportunities是复数，因此空格处是have mushroomed，故填have mushroomed。 18.(2026届山东省日照第一中学高三下学期3月份单元质量检测)In Anji, a county in northwestern Zhejiang Province, bamboo _______(replace) plastic in various products in recent years. 【答案】has replaced 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在浙江省西北部的安吉县，近年来竹子已在多种产品中取代了塑料。空处作句子的谓语，结合“in recent years”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作持续到现在，且主语bamboo不可数，助动词应用has。故填has replaced。 19.(2026届云南昆明市第一中学高三3月复习诊断)Now more routes ________(develop), including flower-viewing tours, summer retreats and autumn journeys, all of which are popular among senior travelers. 【答案】are being developed 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：现在正在开发更多的路线，包括赏花之旅、避暑胜地和秋季之旅，这些都很受老年旅行者的欢迎。develop(开发)是谓语动词，与主语more routes之间是被动关系，结合时间状语Now可知，描述目前正在发生的事情，应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are being developed。 20.(2026届福建恒一教育集团高三下学期联合模拟检测二模)The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as opposed to a restaurant where the service is impersonal, the menu is known in advance, and the meal ________(expect) to be no surprise. 【答案】is expected 【详解】考查短语。句意：这个平台让里贝罗能够以极大的自由度来实现自己的梦想，这与餐厅的模式截然不同。在餐厅里，服务是缺乏人情味的，菜单事先就已公布，而且用餐体验通常不会有太多惊喜。短语be expected to do sth.表示“期望做某事”，结合上文the menu is known in advance可知为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为meal，谓语用单数。故填is expected。 二．语篇语法填空 Passage 1 (2026届江苏省苏州九校联考高三教学情况调研英语学科试题)China’s space station, Tiangong, has become a platform for international scientific cooperation, attracting researchers from around the world. Since its _______ (complete) in 2022, Tiangong has hosted a series of scientific experiments and ____2____ (welcome) astronauts from different countries to work on board. Recently, a team of scientists from China and Italy has launched a joint experiment on Tiangong. The experiment, ____3____ focuses on space medicine, aims to study ____4____ long-term space travel affects the human body. This research will provide valuable data ____5____ future space exploration missions, including trips to the moon and Mars. The Chinese government has always been committed to ____6____ (promote) international cooperation in space. It has signed cooperation agreements with more than 40 countries and regions, making Tiangong a ____7____ (share) platform for global scientific progress. Many young scientists are also encouraged to participate in space research, which helps to train ____8____ next generation of space experts. Astronauts on Tiangong have also carried out a variety of public science activities, helping people around the world learn more about space exploration. These activities have inspired many young people ____9____ (pursue) careers in science and technology. With the continuous development of China’s space program, Tiangong will continue to play an important role in promoting international scientific cooperation ____10____ advancing human knowledge of space. 【答案】 1. completion 2. welcomed 3. which 4. how 5. for 6. promoting 7. shared 8. the 9. to pursue 10. and 【导语】介绍了中国空间站“天宫”自建成后成为国际科学合作平台，开展了一系列科学实验，吸引各国宇航员参与，同时中国致力于推动太空领域国际合作，“天宫”还开展科普活动，未来将在推动国际合作与增进人类对太空认知方面发挥更重要作用。 1. 考查名词。句意：自2022年建成以来，“天宫”已经举办了一系列科学实验，并欢迎来自不同国家的宇航员到上面工作。its为形容词性物主代词，后接名词，complete的名词形式为completion，意为“完成，建成”作宾语。 2. 考查动词时态。句意：自2022年建成以来，“天宫”已经举办了一系列科学实验，并欢迎来自不同国家的宇航员到上面工作。根据时间状语“Since its completion in 2022”可知，此处应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，and连接两个并列的过去分词，hosted用了过去分词形式，所以welcome也用过去分词welcomed。 3. 考查定语从句。句意：这项专注于太空医学的实验，旨在研究长期太空旅行如何影响人体。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“The experiment”，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。 4. 考查宾语从句。句意：这项专注于太空医学的实验，旨在研究长期太空旅行如何影响人体。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作study的宾语，从句中缺少方式状语，结合句意，此处表示“如何”，所以用连接词how。 5. 考查介词。句意：这项研究将为未来的太空探索任务，包括月球和火星之旅，提供有价值的数据。provide sth. for sb./sth.为固定搭配，意为“为……提供……”，所以此处用介词for。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国政府一直致力于推动太空领域的国际合作。be committed to doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“致力于做某事”，to为介词，后接动名词，所以此处用promoting。 7. 考查形容词。句意：它已经与40多个国家和地区签署了合作协议，使“天宫”成为全球科学进步的共享平台。此处修饰名词“platform”，应用形容词，share的形容词形式为shared，意为“共享的”。 8. 考查冠词。句意：许多年轻科学家也被鼓励参与太空研究，这有助于培养下一代太空专家。the next generation为固定表达，意为“下一代”，所以此处用定冠词the。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些活动激励了许多年轻人追求科学技术领域的职业。inspire sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“激励某人做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式to pursue。故填to pursue。 10. 考查连词。句意：随着中国太空计划的不断发展，“天宫”将继续在促进国际科学合作和推进人类对太空的认知方面发挥重要作用。“promoting international scientific cooperation”与“advancing human knowledge of space”为并列关系，所以用连词and连接。 Passage 2 (2026届河北沧州市名校联下学期考前预测高三英语试题)Every Sunday, students at Zhejiang University in China gather to sing Peking opera. Their voices fill a room on campus as they practice this ____11____(remark) art. Wang Yilin is the ____12____(organize) of the university’s Peking opera club. The first opera she learned was a part of “Shajiabang.” She practiced it for a whole month before she could perform it well. Most of these clubs ____13____(initiate) by students didn’t have a clear target at first. Fu Junhao, ____14____ started a club at Shenzhen Institute of Technology, wanted to change that. His club invited students ____15____(try) on opera costumes, paint opera masks, and learn basic singing skills. This made opera more fun and exciting for them. Students also mix opera with pop music and art. They even create cool products ____16____(use) opera designs. Their fresh ideas help bring new life ____17____ old traditions. Since 2021, university clubs ____18____(make) many videos of their opera performances and posted them online. On World Theatre Day in 2022, Fu’s club held ____19____ online opera show. It was livestreamed so people could watch it from anywhere. Wang said, “When people see opera for ____20____(they), they can discover how beautiful it is. We’re using the Internet to help more people enjoy it.” 【答案】 11. remarkable 12. organizer 13. initiated 14. who 15. to try 16. using 17. to 18. have made 19. an 20. themselves 【导语】本文主要介绍高校学生成立京剧社团，通过多样创新方式传承和推广京剧传统艺术。 11. 考查形容词。句意：当他们练习这项非凡的艺术时，他们的声音充满了校园的一间屋子。此处修饰名词art，需用形容词作定语，remark的形容词形式为remarkable，意为“非凡的、显著的”。 12. 考查名词。句意：王一琳(音译)是这所大学京剧社团的组织者。定冠词the后接名词作表语，结合句意此处表示人，organize对应的名词organizer意为“组织者”，指“王一琳”应用单数形式。 13. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些大部分由学生发起的社团起初并没有明确的目标。名词clubs与动词initiate之间为被动关系，此处用过去分词作后置定语。 14. 考查定语从句。句意：在深圳技术大学创办社团的付俊豪想要改变这种状况。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Fu Junhao，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。 15. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他的社团邀请学生试穿戏服、绘制戏曲脸谱并学习基础演唱技巧。固定搭配invite sb. to do sth.表示“邀请某人做某事”，用不定式to try作宾补。 16. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们甚至利用戏曲设计制作酷炫的产品。句中已有谓语动词create，空处用非谓语动词，主语They与动词use为主动关系，此处用现在分词作方式状语。 17. 考查介词。句意：他们新颖的想法为古老的传统注入了新的活力。固定搭配bring new life to sth.表示“为某物注入新活力”，to是介词。 18. 考查时态。句意：自2021年以来，大学社团已经制作了许多戏曲表演视频并发布到网上。时间状语Since 2021为现在完成时标志，主语clubs为复数，谓语动词用have done形式。 19. 考查冠词。句意：在2022年世界戏剧日，付俊豪的社团举办了一场线上戏曲演出。show为可数名词单数，此处泛指一场线上演出，online以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。 20. 考查反身代词。句意：王同学说：“当人们亲眼观赏戏曲时，就能发现它的美妙之处。我们借助网络，让更多人领略戏曲魅力。”固定搭配for oneself表示“亲自、独自”，此处主语为people，对应的反身代词为themselves。 Passage 3 (2025-2026学年浙江镇海中学高三下学期最后一卷)As New Yorkers enjoy their fruity Luckin lattes(拿铁咖啡), few of them might realize that this cup’s journey across the Pacific tells a story rich with cultural exchange. For years, Starbucks ___21___ (stand) as a symbol of widespread influence in the coffee market, having over 17,000 stores in China. For Luckin, entering such a ___22___(compete) space requires courage and serious innovation. Founded in 2017, Luckin now is China’s fastest-growing coffee retailer, with over 24,000 stores across the country. By focusing on the ___23___(affordable) of coffee and flexible product innovation, Luckin has successfully attracted a growing number of young Chinese people. With releases like “100 percent Yunnan Single Origin”, many of Luckin’s ___24___(special) feature Yunnan’s typical small-bean coffee, which is valued for its chocolate aftertaste. Today, Yunnan coffee is one of China’s key products ___25___(ship) overseas, with 140,000 tons of beans produced every year on its rich soil. Beyond just coffee, ___26___ Luckin has done is to reshape retail through technology, which turned the traditional coffee business into a fully online, data-driven model. A customer can personalize his drink order and pay in seconds, all from a phone app — he doesn’t need to rely on anyone else to customize the drink ___27___ (he). In this cup of Luckin coffee — combining Yunnan’s beans with a global taste — cultures find a shared sip. The rise of China’s coffee industry and the Luckin brand isn’t just about catching up. It’s about introducing the world ___28___ Chinese-style coffee, expanding the world’s coffee map, ___29___ bringing fresh perspectives and flavors. ___30___(final), it’s a story of cultural fusion brewed in every cup. 【答案】 21. has stood 22. competitive 23. affordability 24. specials 25. shipped 26. what 27. himself 28. to 29. and 30. Finally 【导语】本文讲述瑞幸凭借创新、高性价比以及云南特色咖啡豆迅速发展，还依托技术重构零售模式，同时向世界推广中式咖啡，实现了文化融合。 21. 考查时态。句意：多年来，星巴克一直是咖啡市场广泛影响力的代表，在中国拥有一万七千多家门店。由时间状语For years可知句子用现在完成时，主语Starbucks为单数，故填has stood。 22. 考查形容词。句意：对瑞幸而言，进入这样一个竞争激烈的领域需要勇气与重大创新。此处修饰名词space，要用形容词，compete的形容词形式为competitive。 23. 考查名词。句意：通过关注咖啡的可负担性和灵活的产品创新，瑞幸成功吸引了越来越多的中国年轻人。定冠词the后接名词，affordable的名词形式为affordability，意为“价格实惠；可负担性”，作宾语。 24. 考查名词复数。句意：瑞幸推出多款饮品，其中很多特色单品选用云南经典小粒咖啡，这种咖啡因带有巧克力余韵而备受青睐。many of后接可数名词复数，special作名词表示“特色饮品、特色产品”，复数形式为specials。 25. 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今云南咖啡是中国出口海外的主要产品之一，这片沃土每年能产出十四万吨咖啡豆。名词products与ship之间为被动关系，用过去分词shipped作后置定语。 26. 考查主语从句引导词。句意：除咖啡之外，瑞幸所做的就是借助科技重塑零售模式，将传统咖啡行业转变为全线上、数据驱动的模式。主语从句中缺少宾语，指代事物，用what引导。 27. 考查反身代词。句意：顾客可以在手机应用上定制饮品、快速付款，完全不需要依靠他人，自己就能完成饮品定制。强调主语本身，用反身代词himself作同位语。 28. 考查固定搭配。句意：这也是向世界推介中式咖啡、拓展全球咖啡版图，并且带来全新理念与风味。固定搭配introduce...to...表示“把……介绍给……”，故填to。 29. 考查并列连词。句意：这也是向世界推介中式咖啡、拓展全球咖啡版图，并且带来全新理念与风味。此处连接三个并列的动名词短语，表顺承关系，填and。 30. 考查副词。句意：归根结底，每一杯咖啡都酝酿着文化融合的故事。此处修饰整个句子，需用副词，final的副词形式为finally，句首首字母大写。 Passage 4 (2026届安徽省省十教育高三最后一卷英语试题)On April 4, the first day of the Qingming holidays, 26-year-old Sun Yiheng traveled from Northeast China’s Jilin Province to a tea garden in Huzhou, East China’s Zhejiang Province, ____31____(experience) firsthand the traditional art of tea picking. For 68 yuan, she joined a hands-on workshop that included plucking(拔) tender leaves, pan-frying them, sipping tea, ____32____ taking home her own creation. “I grew up in the north, ____33____ tea gardens are virtually non-existent. I’ve never had the chance to pick tea myself, so there was always this natural ____34____(curious),” Sun said. For Sun, tea has long been an essential part of daily life in China, which made her eager to understand its journey from leaf to cup. Visiting during spring, a season that ____35____(associate) with renewal, also offers a chance to feel nature’s vitality(生命力) up close. Sun is not alone. On China’s lifestyle-sharing platforms, posts about tea garden visits and tea culture experiences across the country are ____36____(increasing) common. Many have shared photos of their trips, during which they not only picked tea leaves but also took part in ____37____(activity) such as tea frying. “The popularity of tea-picking experiences reflects a ____38____(grow) desire among young Chinese to step into tradition ____39____ a more tangible(实际的) way,” said Zhu Yi, an associate professor at China Agricultural University in Beijing. “Beyond the photos and videos, they are engaging with Chinese history through projects ____40____(design) for hands-on learning,” he added. 【答案】 31. to experience 32. and 33. where 34. curiosity 35. is associated 36. increasingly 37. activities 38. growing 39. in 40. designed 【导语】文章主要讲述了年轻人清明假期亲自体验采茶等传统文化的热潮。 31. 考查非谓语动词。句意：4月4日，清明假期第一天，26岁的孙一恒从中国东北吉林省来到中国东部浙江省湖州市的一个茶园，亲身体验传统采茶艺术。本空表目的，用不定式to experience作目的状语。 32. 考查连词。句意：她花了68元参加了一个实践工作坊，包括采摘嫩叶、炒茶、品茶，并把自己的作品带回家。本空连接并列的动名词短语plucking, pan-frying, sipping和taking，用并列连词and。 33. 考查定语从句。句意：我在北方长大，那里基本上没有茶园。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the north，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。 34. 考查名词。句意：孙一恒说：“我在北方长大，那里几乎没有茶园。我从未有过亲自采茶的机会，所以一直有一种天然的好奇心。”本空作主语，用名词形式curiosity。 35. 考查动词语态。句意：在春天游览，一个与万物更新相关联的季节，也提供了一个近距离感受自然生命力的机会。本空为定语从句谓语，a season与associate之间是被动关系，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时被动语态，谓语用is associated。 36. 考查副词。句意：在中国的生活方式分享平台上，关于全国各地茶园参观和茶文化体验的帖子越来越普遍。本空修饰形容词common，用副词increasingly，作状语。 37. 考查名词复数。句意：许多人分享了他们旅行的照片，期间他们不仅采了茶叶，还参加了炒茶等活动。activity为可数名词，此处表示多种活动，用复数形式activities。 38. 考查形容词。句意：采茶体验的流行反映了中国年轻人中一种日益增长的愿望，即以更实际的方式走进传统。本空修饰名词desire，用形容词growing，作定语。 39. 考查介词。句意：采茶体验的流行反映了中国年轻人中一种日益增长的愿望，即以更实际的方式走进传统。in a... way为固定搭配，意为“以……的方式”，本空用介词in。 40. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他补充道：“除了照片和视频，他们还通过专为实践学习设计的项目，亲身接触中国历史。”本空作后置定语修饰projects，projects与design之间是被动关系，用过去分词designed。 Passage 5 (2026年山东青岛市高三年级第三次适应性检测英语试题)William Shakespeare’s King Lear (《李尔王》) is often associated with the grand theaters of London’s West End or New York’s Broadway. But in Leping, a county-level city in east China’s Jiangxi Province, the king takes ____41____ unexpected form as Li Er. Through loud singing and rich costumes, the English classic ____42____(stage) in a Chinese way. 51-year-old actor Hu Haidong grew up in a Ganju performer’s family and began learning opera at 13 before joining the troupe(剧团). Yet, Ganju experienced a declining audience trend and funding ____43____(short) in the late 20th century, which left many state-backed troupes ____44____(struggle) to survive. The turning point came around 2012, when local authorities reformed the Leping Ganju Opera Troupe, reshaping it ____45____ an organization that puts greater emphasis on performance. Artists gained greater freedom to adapt scripts(剧本) ____46____ respond directly to audience demand with revised versions keeping themes via Ganju’s unique vocals, music and symbolic movements. Leping’s King Li Er has also gained attention beyond China. It once shared the stage with a British ____47____(produce) of King Lear. David Gareth, who played Lear in the British version, ____48____(describe) it as his first real encounter with the emotional depth and ____49____(express) power of Chinese regional opera. Today, Hu still performs for hours during busy seasons. His voice gets tired, but he stays on stage, holding on to a sense of purpose once ____50____(lose). “When I hear the applause,” he said, “I know the art is still alive.” 【答案】 41. an 42. is staged 43. shortage 44. struggling 45. into 46. and 47. production 48. described 49. expressive 50. lost 【导语】文章主要讲述了江西省乐平市赣剧团将莎士比亚的悲剧《李尔王》改编为赣剧《李尔》，以及演员胡海东和剧团在传承古老艺术过程中经历困境、改革与创新的故事。 41. 考查冠词。句意：但是在中国东部江西省的县级市乐平，这位国王却以一种意想不到的形式出现，变成了李尔。根据“unexpected form”可知，unexpected以元音音素/ʌ/开头，此处表示泛指“一种意想不到的形式”，应用an。 42. 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：通过高亢的唱腔和华丽的戏服，这部英国经典作品以中国式的方式被搬上舞台。本句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语“the English classic”与stage之间是被动关系，且主语为单数，空格处用一般现在时的被动语态。 43. 考查名词。句意：然而，赣剧在20世纪末经历了观众减少和资金短缺的趋势。根据“funding”及语境可知，此处指资金“短缺”，应用short的名词形式shortage作宾语。 44. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这使得许多国营剧团挣扎求生。“leave+宾语+宾补”为固定结构，struggle与troupes之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词作宾语补足语，表示“使……一直处于某种状态”。 45. 考查介词。句意：转折点出现在2012年左右，当时当地政府对乐平赣剧团进行了改革，将其重塑为一个更加注重演出的组织。reshape...into...为固定搭配，意为“将……重塑为……”。 46. 考查连词。句意：艺术家们获得了更大的自由去改编剧本，并直接用保留主题的修订版本通过赣剧独特的唱腔、音乐和象征性动作来回应观众的需求。分析句子结构，adapt scripts与respond directly to audience demand为并列关系，与前面的choose repertoire共同作后置定语修饰freedom，应用and。 47. 考查名词。句意：它曾与英国制作的一版《李尔王》同台演出。根据“a British”可知，此处应用produce的名词形式production作宾语，表示“(戏剧的)上演，制作”。 48. 考查动词时态。句意：在英国版本中扮演李尔王的大卫·加雷斯将其描述为他第一次真正接触到中国地方戏曲的情感深度和表现力。根据上下文语境及定语从句中的played可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。 49. 考查形容词。句意：在英国版本中扮演李尔王的大卫·加雷斯将其描述为他第一次真正接触到中国地方戏曲的情感深度和表现力。根据“power”可知，此处应用express的形容词形式expressive作定语，修饰power，意为“有表现力的”。 50. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他的嗓子会疲惫，但他仍留在舞台上，坚守着一种曾经失去的目标感。分析句子结构，此处是非谓语作定语，lose与a sense of purpose之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词作后置定语。 11 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 清单01 语法填空之提示词为动词 (动词时态语态与主谓一致) 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 动词时态 知识点1 一般时态(一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时) 知识点2 进行时态 (现在进行时, 过去进行时,将来进行时) 知识点3 完成时态 (现在完成时, 过去完成时) 知识点4 其他时态 (过去将来时, 现在完成进行时) 考点二 动词语态 知识点1 用法 知识点2 主动形式表示被动意义的结构 考点三 主谓一致 知识点1 语法一致 知识点2 意义一致 知识点3 就近一致 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研●知能分层突破 考点1 动词时态 知识点1 一般时态(一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时) 时态 用法 句型结构 一般现在时 表示现在经常性的、习惯性的、反复的动作或状态。常用的时间状语有always，usually，often，sometimes，every day等。 在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时 一般过去时 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday，last year，three years ago，the other day等时间状语连用。 时间、条件、让步状语从句中，若主句用了过去将来时，从句常用一般过去时。 一般将来时 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。还可以表示说话时临时作出的决定。表示按计划、打算要做某事或某种迹象预示着要发生某事。 ①shall/will＋动词原形 ②be going to＋动词原形 ③be to＋动词原形 ④be about to＋动词原形 ( 1. 表示科学事实、客观真理或自然现象 ( 在过去的语境中用一般现在时 ) 。 2. 表示按时间表、时刻表、日程表等将要发生的动作，只限于 go ， arrive ， leave ， start ， return ， begin ， come ， take off 等动词 ( 短语 ) , 用一般现在时。 3. 用于图片说明、电影说明、戏剧内容及场景解说等，用一般现在时。 4. used to do 表示 “ 过去常常做 ……” 5.“be to ＋动词原形 ” 表示按计划、约定或按职责、义务必须做的事或即将发生的动作。 “be about to ＋动词原形 ” 表示正要或即将做某事，不与具体的时间状语连用。 ) 知识点2 进行时态(现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时) 时态 用法 句型结构 现在进行时 表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 某些表示位置移动的动词，如go，come，leave，arrive，start，move等可用现在进行时表示即将发生或计划要做的动作 过去进行时 表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作或过去某一个阶段内一直在进行的动作。 表示动作在另一个过去的动作发生时正在进行，常与when，while引导的时间状语从句连用。 be doing...when...，when前面的句子常用过去进行时，when后面的句子常用一般过去时。 一些非延续性动词可用过去进行时表示过去按计划或安排将要发生的动作，常见动词有go，come，leave，start，arrive。 将来进行时 表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行的动作，常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。 will be doing sth. ( 现在进行时中，与 always ， often ， constantly 等频度副词连用，表示经常反复的行为或某种感情色彩。感情色彩可褒可贬。 ) 知识点3 完成时态(现在完成时,过去完成时, have/ has/ had done) 时态 用法 句型结构 现在完成时 表示过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响或结果。常用的状语有already，ever，just(刚刚)，yet等。或者表示一个动作开始于过去，一直持续到现在。常与之连用的时间状语有lately，recently，until now，ever since，in the last(past) few days/years，up to now，so far等。 ①This/That/It is the first/second/...time that＋现在完成时 ②This/That/It is the best/finest/most interesting/...＋名词＋that＋现在完成时 ③It is/has been＋时间段＋since...，主句用现在完成时或一般现在时，从句用一般过去时。 过去完成时 表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。 ①By/ by the end of＋过去时间点,主句用过去完成时。 ②by the time＋从句 主句用过去完成时。 ③until/before/since＋过去时间点或从句，主句用过去完成时。 ④hardly/scarcely...when...，no sooner...than...句式中，主句常用过去完成时。 ⑤This/That/It was the first/second/...time that＋过去完成时 ⑥This/That/It was the best/finest/most interesting/...＋名词＋that＋过去完成时 ( 动词 hope ， expect ， mean ， intend ， want ， suppose 的过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。 I had hoped to go home from work ahead of time. 我本希望提前下班回家。 ( 但未能如愿 ) ) 知识点4 其他时态(过去将来时，现在完成进行时) 时态 用法 句型结构 过去将来时 表示从过去的某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。 was/were going to＋动词原形was/were to＋动词原形 was/were about to＋动词原形 现在完成进行时 常用来表示开始于过去某个时间，一直延续到现在并且会继续进行下去的动作。或者表示表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复进行的动作。 have/ has been doing sth. ( 除 “should/would+ 动词原形 ” 外 ( 第一人称通常用 should, 其他人称通常用 would), 过去将来时还有以下常见表达方式 : was/were going to do, was/were about to do, was/were to do, 但是表示过去的某种习惯性动作时 , 常用 would do/used to do 。 ) 考点2 动词语态 知识点1 被动语态构成 被动语态的构成为“be+过去分词”,只要变换be的形式就可以得到不同时态的被动语态。除be外,被动语态的构成形式还有“get/become+过去分词”。下面以do为例 ( 1. 某些及物动词和动词短语无被动语态： have 有； cost 花费； lack 缺少； suit 适合； belong to 属于； suffer from 遭受； date from/back to 追溯到； consist of 由 …… 组成； take part in 参加。 2. 不及物动词 ( 短语 ) 不能用于被动语态。常见的有： happen/take place/occur 发生； remain 剩下； break out 爆发； last 持续； come out 出版； come up 被提出； lose heart 失去信心； run out 用完。 ) 知识点2 主动形式表示被动意义的结构 结构 例句 表示主语的某种属性特征或功能的动词，如read，write，sell，wash，clean，cook，draw等，常与well，easily，smoothly等副词连用，主语通常是物。 The sign reads as follows.告示如下。 Her new book is very interesting and sells well. 她的新书很有趣并且卖得很好。 系动词如smell，taste，feel，look，sound，prove等后接形容词作表语。 Junk food tastes delicious but it doesn’t contain enough nutrition. 垃圾食品吃起来美味但营养不足 open，close，lock，move，keep等动词常与won’t，can’t，wouldn’t 连用。 No matter what he did to the door，it wouldn’t open. 不论他怎么对付这个门，它就是打不开。 在need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词或worth等形容词的后面，用动名词，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 The house needs repairing/to be repaired. 这所房子需要修理。 The film is really worth seeing. 这部电影的确值得一看。 在某些“主语(人/物)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构中用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。常见的形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。 The problem is difficult to work out. (可看作to work out前省略了for me)这道题很难计算。 Do you think the water is safe to drink? 你认为这水喝着安全吗？ be to blame也属于主动形式表被动意义。 Who is to blame for the mistake? 这个错误应该归咎于谁？ 考点3 主谓一致 知识点1 语法一致原则(主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数) 用法 例句 动名词、动词不定式、从句、不定代词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。 Serving the people is my great happiness. Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 主语后有with, together with, along with, except, besides, as well as等加名词或代词构成短语时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 Amy, as well as her brothers, was given a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. and, both...and...连接两个不同的主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物,谓语动词用单数形式。 Both you and I are students. The singer and dancer is said to perform in our school on May Day. ( 定语从句中关系代词作主语时 , 从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。 He is one of the men who were chosen to represent the group. 和 He is the only one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment. what 引导的从句作主语时 , 谓语动词一般用单数形式 , 但如果从句表示复数意义 , 则谓语动词用复数形式。如： What lies at the root of his troubles is a sense of insecurity. What the school needs are qualified teachers. ) 知识点2 意义一致原则(意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数，主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数) 用法 例句 集体名词作主语时,若被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;若被看作构成集体的一个个成员,谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有family, class, team, group, public, committee, government, audience等。 His audience consists mainly of young people. The audience were clapping for over ten minutes. “分数/百分数/the majority+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义;all, some, half, most, the rest等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。 Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan. The majority of the damage is easy to repair. “the+形容词”表示一类人,在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 The old are more likely to catch a cold than the young. 表示时间、距离、重量、金额等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。 Four thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a boy. 知识点3 就近一致原则 (就近一致原则指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语的单复数) 用法 例句 由or, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only... but also...,not... but...等连接的词语作主语,谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。 Either you or Paul is responsible for this thing. Not only you but also your sister is lovely. 由there, here引起的主语不止一个时,谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。 There are twenty boy students and twenty-three girl students in the class. ※Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you. 优题精练●专题实战通关 一．单句语法填空 1.(2025年1月·浙江高考)The concept _______(be) certainly not new — men have been renting good suits for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies. 2.(2025新高考I 卷)The players’ personalities ________(reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent, 3.(2025新高考II 卷)The “sunshine scent(香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ________(be) one of them. 4.(2025 浙江高考1月)The concept ________(be) certainly not new--men have been renting good suits for decades--but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies. 5.(2025天津高考第二次)The Song Dynasty _______(see) the introduction of jiaozi, which is supposedly the world’s first paper money. 6.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)As a little girl, I _______(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.  7.(2025天津高考第一次)Although it has been proved that Benjamin Franklin’s experiment took place, more than one scientist _______(question) what really happened. A. has questioned B. have questioned C. was questioning D. were questioning 8. (2025天津高考第一次)The reading materials _______(print) before the training began, so that everyone had a copy. 9.(2026届河北省文安县第一中学高三下学期一模)In Sept., the 2025 China International Online Literature Week opened in Hangzhou, … Charles-Emmanuel Dewees,co-founder and editor-in-chief of Chireads, a French platform for translating and promoting Chinese online literature, _______(compare) cross-border literature spreading to a“multiplayer instance” in online games. 10.(2026届河北省文安县第一中学高三下学期一模)While AI can boost translation efficiency, “elegance” — the “ya” in the classic Chinese standard of faithfulness, expressiveness, and elegance — still _______(require) a human touch. 11.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学高三英语周考)On the shores of the Bohai Sea where the winding Yellow River _______(empty) into the ocean, Dongying’s landscape has been shaped by an unusual geographical legacy. 12.(2026届南京市、盐城市高三年级第一次模拟考试)Azheke _______(ride) the 21st-century wave of eco-tourism and become a popular destination. 13.(2026届山东济南市高三4月阶段性检测)With the approach of Qingming, one of 24 solar terms, which _______(mean) “clear and bright”, the icy grip of winter has loosened. 14.(2026届安徽定远育才学校高三第二次模拟检测)What must remain unchanged _______(be) our traditional dyeing(染色) technique. 15.(2026届安徽芜湖市无为中学等校下学期高三3月考试)Now her son and other youth are tasked with promoting it to ensure that the conversation she _______(kick) off with ancient needlework decades ago finds eager listeners on digital screens. 16.( 2026届江苏扬州市广陵区扬州市新华中学高三3月考前适应性练习二)The term first _______(emerge) in 1956 when University of Chicago sociologists observed TV viewers engaging in parasocial relationships with onscreen personalities. 17.(2026届江苏扬州市广陵区扬州市新华中学高三3月考前适应性练习二)Opportunities for asymmetrical(不对称) relationships _______(mushroom) in the internet era over the past few years. 18.(2026届山东省日照第一中学高三下学期3月份单元质量检测)In Anji, a county in northwestern Zhejiang Province, bamboo _______(replace) plastic in various products in recent years. 19.(2026届云南昆明市第一中学高三3月复习诊断)Now more routes ________(develop), including flower-viewing tours, summer retreats and autumn journeys, all of which are popular among senior travelers. 20.(2026届福建恒一教育集团高三下学期联合模拟检测二模)The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as opposed to a restaurant where the service is impersonal, the menu is known in advance, and the meal ________(expect) to be no surprise. 二．语篇语法填空 Passage 1 (2026届江苏省苏州九校联考高三教学情况调研英语学科试题)China’s space station, Tiangong, has become a platform for international scientific cooperation, attracting researchers from around the world. Since its _______ (complete) in 2022, Tiangong has hosted a series of scientific experiments and ____2____ (welcome) astronauts from different countries to work on board. Recently, a team of scientists from China and Italy has launched a joint experiment on Tiangong. The experiment, ____3____ focuses on space medicine, aims to study ____4____ long-term space travel affects the human body. This research will provide valuable data ____5____ future space exploration missions, including trips to the moon and Mars. The Chinese government has always been committed to ____6____ (promote) international cooperation in space. It has signed cooperation agreements with more than 40 countries and regions, making Tiangong a ____7____ (share) platform for global scientific progress. Many young scientists are also encouraged to participate in space research, which helps to train ____8____ next generation of space experts. Astronauts on Tiangong have also carried out a variety of public science activities, helping people around the world learn more about space exploration. These activities have inspired many young people ____9____ (pursue) careers in science and technology. With the continuous development of China’s space program, Tiangong will continue to play an important role in promoting international scientific cooperation ____10____ advancing human knowledge of space. Passage 2 (2026届河北沧州市名校联下学期考前预测高三英语试题)Every Sunday, students at Zhejiang University in China gather to sing Peking opera. Their voices fill a room on campus as they practice this ____11____(remark) art. Wang Yilin is the ____12____(organize) of the university’s Peking opera club. The first opera she learned was a part of “Shajiabang.” She practiced it for a whole month before she could perform it well. Most of these clubs ____13____(initiate) by students didn’t have a clear target at first. Fu Junhao, ____14____ started a club at Shenzhen Institute of Technology, wanted to change that. His club invited students ____15____(try) on opera costumes, paint opera masks, and learn basic singing skills. This made opera more fun and exciting for them. Students also mix opera with pop music and art. They even create cool products ____16____(use) opera designs. Their fresh ideas help bring new life ____17____ old traditions. Since 2021, university clubs ____18____(make) many videos of their opera performances and posted them online. On World Theatre Day in 2022, Fu’s club held ____19____ online opera show. It was livestreamed so people could watch it from anywhere. Wang said, “When people see opera for ____20____(they), they can discover how beautiful it is. We’re using the Internet to help more people enjoy it.” Passage 3 (2025-2026学年浙江镇海中学高三下学期最后一卷)As New Yorkers enjoy their fruity Luckin lattes(拿铁咖啡), few of them might realize that this cup’s journey across the Pacific tells a story rich with cultural exchange. For years, Starbucks ___21___ (stand) as a symbol of widespread influence in the coffee market, having over 17,000 stores in China. For Luckin, entering such a ___22___(compete) space requires courage and serious innovation. Founded in 2017, Luckin now is China’s fastest-growing coffee retailer, with over 24,000 stores across the country. By focusing on the ___23___(affordable) of coffee and flexible product innovation, Luckin has successfully attracted a growing number of young Chinese people. With releases like “100 percent Yunnan Single Origin”, many of Luckin’s ___24___(special) feature Yunnan’s typical small-bean coffee, which is valued for its chocolate aftertaste. Today, Yunnan coffee is one of China’s key products ___25___(ship) overseas, with 140,000 tons of beans produced every year on its rich soil. Beyond just coffee, ___26___ Luckin has done is to reshape retail through technology, which turned the traditional coffee business into a fully online, data-driven model. A customer can personalize his drink order and pay in seconds, all from a phone app — he doesn’t need to rely on anyone else to customize the drink ___27___ (he). In this cup of Luckin coffee — combining Yunnan’s beans with a global taste — cultures find a shared sip. The rise of China’s coffee industry and the Luckin brand isn’t just about catching up. It’s about introducing the world ___28___ Chinese-style coffee, expanding the world’s coffee map, ___29___ bringing fresh perspectives and flavors. ___30___(final), it’s a story of cultural fusion brewed in every cup. Passage 4 (2026届安徽省省十教育高三最后一卷英语试题)On April 4, the first day of the Qingming holidays, 26-year-old Sun Yiheng traveled from Northeast China’s Jilin Province to a tea garden in Huzhou, East China’s Zhejiang Province, ____31____(experience) firsthand the traditional art of tea picking. For 68 yuan, she joined a hands-on workshop that included plucking(拔) tender leaves, pan-frying them, sipping tea, ____32____ taking home her own creation. “I grew up in the north, ____33____ tea gardens are virtually non-existent. I’ve never had the chance to pick tea myself, so there was always this natural ____34____(curious),” Sun said. For Sun, tea has long been an essential part of daily life in China, which made her eager to understand its journey from leaf to cup. Visiting during spring, a season that ____35____(associate) with renewal, also offers a chance to feel nature’s vitality(生命力) up close. Sun is not alone. On China’s lifestyle-sharing platforms, posts about tea garden visits and tea culture experiences across the country are ____36____(increasing) common. Many have shared photos of their trips, during which they not only picked tea leaves but also took part in ____37____(activity) such as tea frying. “The popularity of tea-picking experiences reflects a ____38____(grow) desire among young Chinese to step into tradition ____39____ a more tangible(实际的) way,” said Zhu Yi, an associate professor at China Agricultural University in Beijing. “Beyond the photos and videos, they are engaging with Chinese history through projects ____40____(design) for hands-on learning,” he added. Passage 5 (2026年山东青岛市高三年级第三次适应性检测英语试题)William Shakespeare’s King Lear (《李尔王》) is often associated with the grand theaters of London’s West End or New York’s Broadway. But in Leping, a county-level city in east China’s Jiangxi Province, the king takes ____41____ unexpected form as Li Er. Through loud singing and rich costumes, the English classic ____42____(stage) in a Chinese way. 51-year-old actor Hu Haidong grew up in a Ganju performer’s family and began learning opera at 13 before joining the troupe(剧团). Yet, Ganju experienced a declining audience trend and funding ____43____(short) in the late 20th century, which left many state-backed troupes ____44____(struggle) to survive. The turning point came around 2012, when local authorities reformed the Leping Ganju Opera Troupe, reshaping it ____45____ an organization that puts greater emphasis on performance. Artists gained greater freedom to adapt scripts(剧本) ____46____ respond directly to audience demand with revised versions keeping themes via Ganju’s unique vocals, music and symbolic movements. Leping’s King Li Er has also gained attention beyond China. It once shared the stage with a British ____47____(produce) of King Lear. David Gareth, who played Lear in the British version, ____48____(describe) it as his first real encounter with the emotional depth and ____49____(express) power of Chinese regional opera. Today, Hu still performs for hours during busy seasons. His voice gets tired, but he stays on stage, holding on to a sense of purpose once ____50____(lose). “When I hear the applause,” he said, “I know the art is still alive.” 11 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $