专题05 七选五（期末真题汇编，黑吉辽蒙专用）高一英语下学期

**基本信息** 高中英语七选五专题期末试题汇编，涵盖人与社会（霸凌、工匠精神等）和人与自我（微笑益处、目标设定等）主题，精选多地区高一下期末真题，素材贴近生活与社会热点。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |七选五|多地区期末真题汇编|语篇结构分析、逻辑衔接词运用、主题语境理解（人与社会/自我）|情境真实（如校园霸凌、晨练瑜伽），注重句间逻辑（主题句、过渡句），适配高一下语言能力与思维品质培养，贴合高考命题趋势|

专题05 七选五 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·内蒙古赤峰·期末） Do you know what to do if you see or experience bullying (霸凌)? Read this article to understand more about bullying and find out what you can do to stop it. What is bullying? Bullying can be physical. It can also be verbal. 1 Bulliers tell other people not to be friends with victims. Bullying can happen anywhere, at school, on public transport or when they are walking home. 2 Bullying usually involves more people than you think. There are the people who bully and those who are bullied. Then there are “bystanders” — someone who joins in with the bullying or encourages the bullying by watching. People who see bullying but do nothing to stop it are also bystanders. What should you do if you see bullying happening? 3 You can support the bullying victim by walking away from the situation with them.If you feel confident and safe, you can stop the bullying calmly and directly. Otherwise, you may decide to report the bullying to a trusted adult. What can you do if you’re being bullied? If you’re being bullied, you could try walking away, ignoring it or telling the person to stop. If that doesn’t work, it’s really important to reach out to a friend or classmate and ask them for help. Or speak to a parent, a teacher or another adult you trust. 4 What can you do to avoid bullying someone? If you think that your actions could be hurting another person, it’s important to realize this.Try to find other positive ways to interact with people and help them feel good about themselves. 5 If you feel as if you can’t handle the situation, talk to an adult you trust. A．Who are bystanders? B．Who’s involved in bullying? C．Another type of bullying is social. D．But there are things that you can do. E．Never join in with or encourage bullying. F．It’s OK to admit that you’ve made a mistake. G．Nobody should have to deal with bullying alone. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·辽宁·期末） Craftsmanship is the art of creating something with passion, care and attention to detail. It is a timeless spirit that is respected and appreciated in various fields. At its core, craftsmanship means a firm commitment to quality. 1 This determined quest (追求) for excellence is what sets their work apart. Craftsmen typically understand their materials. They are well aware that the quality of their work is directly tied to the quality of what they use. 2 A master wood-worker, for example, not only knows how to shape wood but also understands its grain (纹理) and how it ages over time. This knowledge allows them to choose the right wood and transform it into something extraordinary. A true craftsman’s work goes beyond the mere act of creating products; they transform their work into an art form. This transformation requires a combination of excellent qualities of the craftsman. 3 It means deep knowledge and a set of skills that are usually developed through years of practice and experience in their chosen field. 4 And it sets a craftsman apart from a mere laborer. Their deep love for their craft is apparent in the energy and time they invest in their work. This passion often leads to constant innovation, as craftsmen always seek ways to improve their techniques. To choose the path of craftsmanship is to set out on a lifelong journey of learning, improving and perfecting. It is not merely about acquiring a set of skills, but about adopting a mindset that values quality, discipline and a deep respect for the craft. The ultimate goal of a craftsman is not simply a product. 5 A．Each handmade item tells a story. B．And one essential quality is expertness. C．Craftsmen should embrace a growth mindset. D．Passion is the driving force behind craftsmanship. E．Therefore, they are very particular about materials. F．Craftsmen work painstakingly to meet the highest standard. G．It is to evolve from an individual into a master of their craft. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·辽宁丹东·期末） Smile: It Is Good For You Research reveals that showing you’re happy can enhance both physical and mental health. And here is why. Smiling is a stress reliever. A University of Kansas study found that participants who were asked to smile during stressful tasks had lower heart rates during stress recovery. So it seems even forcing yourself to look happy helps to manage tricky situations. Smiling may lower blood pressure. The benefits of smile go beyond stress reduction. 1 Another research has shown that blood pressure doesn’t rise when people are exposed to humour. Smiling boosts immunity. A smile releases certain hormones in the brain, including serotonin, which is associated with an improvement in immune function. Depression, meanwhile, can weaken your immune system. 2 A smile can reduce your pain. Being amused also prompts the release of endorphins (内啡肽) in the brain. 3 In one study, participants who smiled while being injected reported 40 percent less pain. 4 It seems smiling really can boost your mood, rather than simply being a response to feeling happy. A 2022 study of 3,878 participants in 19 countries found people’s happiness rating was higher when they smiled. Of course, smiling endears you to others and helps you to connect with them. 5 Give yourself cues to remind you to smile — when you see someone laughing or you’re making a cup of tea — or put a note on your phone as a reminder. Think of something pleasurable, such as a favourite person, place or memory when you smile. You will harvest the rewards of your continuous efforts. A．Looking happy encourages positivity. B．Endorphins are the body’s natural painkillers. C．Those who have the broadest smile live longer. D．If you practise enough, it’ll become second nature. E．So, it makes sense to smile more if you want to stay well. F．It is also likely to have a knock-on effect on blood pressure. G．It not only releases endorphins but also boosts your immune system. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·内蒙古·期末） Goals aren’t just things to do. They guide you to a better life and help you reach your dreams. Let’s discover the wonderful benefits of achieving goals. Improve your self-respect Setting a goal and devoting yourself to it do more than give you something to aim for — it builds your self-respect. 1 . Breaking your goals into smaller, manageable steps makes them less frightening. Approach one task at a time to stay inspired as you work toward long term success. You’ll feel proud of yourself as your hard work pays off. Build resilience（韧性） 2 . Along the way, you’ll likely hit barriers. Although challenging, dealing with those barriers helps build resilience, an important ability to get through the ups and downs of life. Resilience means the ability to adapt and recover from life’s challenges by using inner strength. It’s a skill that teaches you how to keep trying in the face of difficulties, so that you can succeed today and in the future. 3 If you feel lost or stuck in a routine, setting goals can help find direction. Goals act like a compass, helping to direct your ship toward the life of your dreams. Start by figuring out what you’d like to complete. Identify the steps you need to follow, and then focus your energy on the tasks needed to realize those goals. This can help you feel inspired to make your dreams come true every day you wake up. Teach responsibility Setting goals is one thing and sticking to them is another. Responsibility bridges that gap. You’ll learn how to be responsible for your actions and keep yourself on track. Find a supportive partner that you can contact to measure progress. 4 . Inspire those around you Achieving goals doesn’t just improve your own life. It also inspires those around you to do the same. People will naturally admire your hard work and efforts to succeed. 5 . When they see you keep trying, they’ll feel encouraged to keep going, too! A．Give you a sense of purpose B．Find the way to realize dreams C．Achieving goals takes time and hard work D．Those are the steps to move toward your goals E．You lead by example and challenge others to do their best F．They can also help you stay inspired when you face problems G．Each step forward is proof of your ability and strengthens self-confidence Passage 3 （24-25高一下·吉林白山·期末） You need to use the DRY principle (原则) to be more productive. This isn’t to say your work is too hard; instead, it’s too repetitive. 1 And it’s actually one of the better time management and productivity techniques. DRY was first popularized in a book that states each task should have a single, clear, authoritative representation within a system. Think of it like this: You’re busy every day, but are you productive every day? 2 How can you DRY your work and stop repeating yourself? First, you’ll spend a few days doing your normal tasks — but write down everything you do. Be specific. 3 Write down how many emails you answered and take notes. Write down phone calls, meetings, and tasks you perform to complete a project, whether it’s one for work or cleaning your house. 4 They are unavoidable tasks you have to do, tasks that use up lots of your time and work that repeats itself. Everything in that third kind should then be automated (自动化) or streamlined (使效率更高) before looking into the time-using ones, which may also qualify for some automation. What that streamlining is going to look like depends on what you are wasting your time on. 5 If you have one-on-one meetings with workmates that make you repeat yourself, suggest combining them into one meeting. If you’re always cleaning the same part of your home, look into specific cleaning methods that might help you get the whole job done more efficiently. A．DRY stands for “don’t repeat yourself”. B．Everyone would ask: Does DRY productivity work? C．Then you can sort everything into three types. D．If you’re always typing the same message into emails, try using models. E．For example, don’t write down that you “answered emails from 10 to 10:30”. F．Once you work through the DRY for a while, you should start working on another. G．If the answer is no, it might be because you’re being too repetitive with your work. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·辽宁·期末） Tips for Morning Yoga If you’re new to morning yoga, you may be wondering how on earth you’ll fit it into your daily life. 1 . So you’ll have plenty of “me” time to practise yoga. Plan ahead At the start of each week, decide in advance when you’re going to practise yoga and schedule the activities in your diary. 2 . Whether you decide to practise on waking or after you’ve got your children to school, there’s no right or wrong time-just choose whenever suits you best. Set the scene 3 . All you need is a mat! Find a quiet place in your home with enough space to move and where you won’t be disturbed. Ideally, choose a room with a window or other source of natural daylight to help lift your mood. 4 Always make sure your mat is ready to save time searching for it every morning. During your practice, keep everything you need to hand. You don’t need to wear any fancy clothes, just comfortable layers that you can move freely in. Listen to your body As you practise, check in with your body and notice how it’s feeling today. Is it stiff (僵硬) and painful, bouncy and energized? 5 . If your body’s feeling stiff, you can stretch more slowly and deeply; if it’s feeling energetic, you can choose a more dynamic activity. A．Get prepared in advance B．Warm up before you practise C．The great thing about yoga is you can practise it anywhere D．Take your body through all the planes of movement in the practise E．Listen to the messages it gives you and do your practice accordingly F．This will help you stick to your goals and create a new morning daily life G．But, don’t worry, there are simple strategies that make your mornings run smoother Passage 5 （24-25高一下·辽宁沈阳·期末） I’m a hiker — “born to hike”. It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail, especially when I’m alone and can let my mind wander where it will. The experience of hiking is unique, research suggests, conveying benefits beyond what you receive from typical exercise. 1 Hiking keeps your mind sharper than many other forms of exercise. As a professional writer, although I’m busy with my work, I often spare some time to hike. 2 3 Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that it’s done outdoors in a natural setting. It can happen almost anywhere and give you the happiness that you can take from nature. Hiking can increase our creativity. I’m sure I’m not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions. 4 Sometimes, ideas relevant to music come up from unconscious places when I’m not deliberately thinking. Hiking helps strengthen a positive relationship with the natural world. Besides being good for us, hiking may also help the world around us. After all, if we stick to walking and covering longer distances, we could use cars less and reduce our carbon footprint. 5 For example, it increases our connection to nature. As one study suggests, when we have a personal connection to nature, we are more likely to want to protect it. That means experiences in nature-like hiking-can be mutually beneficial, helping people and the earth. So, grab a water bottle, a backpack... and head out on the trail. You won’t be sorry you did. A．Hiking helps to keep you calm and happy. B．Beyond that, hiking benefits our planet indirectly. C．Here is what science is saying about the benefits of hiking. D．It not just makes me feel good, but also keeps my brain in top shape. E．Personally, it’s easy to hit upon some creative ideas while at home alone. F．As a matter of fact, I have written many of my songs while hiking on a trail. G．This all goes to show that hiking may be one of the best ways to move your body. Passage 6 （24-25高一下·黑龙江大庆·期末） Hiking, that is, travelling on foot, can be a great way to spend time outdoors. 1 With enough preparation, hiking can be a safe sport in which anyone can take part. Map out your way before setting out. Tell your friends or family where and when you will be hiking, and when you expect to return. 2 If you have a navigation device, pack it, as well. 3 Your body can only take in about l liter of liquid per hour, so drink 0.5 to l liter of some type of electrolyte (电解质) replacement drink every hour when you are hiking in the heat. Carry your water bottle in your hand and drink small amounts often. An adult should drink about 4 liters of electrolyte replacement drink for every 8 hours spent hiking in the heat. In the case of lightning storms, stay away from call trees and go quickly to the lowest — lying land you can find. On hot summer days, it’s necessary to bring, clothing and a raincoat. 4 In fall and winter, pack warm clothing and matches in case you need to build a fire. If you have worked out a hiking plan and told your friends or family your plan, help will be on the way as soon as they realize that you are missing. The best course of action is to stay in one position so that search groups can find you. Try to find a grassland or clearing where you may be seen from the air. A navigation device is a good helper, and your friends or family may easily know where you are. 5 A．Water is the most important thing. B．Going hiking with friends is even greater. C．Buy a map of the area and familiarize yourself with the paths. D．It will also be fixed in boats both of the sailing and rowing variety. E．Take plenty of water and sun cream, as temperatures may increase fast. F．However, basic hiking rules are necessary to ensure you have a safe trip. G．To bring a smartphone is also a good idea, but you may not have service in some areas. 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·内蒙古包头·期末） People have been adding coloring to their food for thousands of years. This tradition is widely thought to have taken place in Egyptian cities as early as 1500 BC． 1 With time going by, food coloring grew more and more popular. At one point, all food colorings got their color from natural sources. 2 Insects and rocks were also often used as sources of food colorings. The natural world still remains a common source of many of today’s commercial colorings. Nowadays, scientists have also developed artificial food colorings. These colorings have many advantages. For instance, in many cases, it’s less expensive to create colors artificially. In addition, with artificial food coloring, people can create especially bright colors or colors hard to find in nature, such as blue. 3 Whether food colorings come naturally or artificially, there are health and safety concerns about food colorings. Several food colorings were once recognized as safe. But they have since been removed from the market because of health concerns. 4 However, avoiding food colorings can actually be quite difficult. 5 Many governments around the world limit the types of things that can be used in food colorings. And different countries have different labeling systems for food colorings, which allows people to be clear what food coloring it is. Many countries also make certain rules and laws to deal with adding and creating food colorings illegally. A．All food colorings come from two sources. B．Some food colorings are not good for health. C．Some people thus try to avoid food colorings. D．Plants, like flowers, were very common examples. E．As a result, man-made food colorings are widely used. F．Measures thus have been taken for food colorings’ safety. G．At that time, candy makers used colorings to improve products’ appearance. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·吉林长春·期末） In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles. 1 Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. But they are also preparing for the worst: what can we do if the earth can no longer sustain us? 2 The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment more friendly than that of other planets. Mars has fascinated people since ancient times, and today our interest in Martian exploration is greater than ever before. Since the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars. 3 Our robots have explored the Martian surface, testing the soil and searching for resources, water and signs of life. However, sending people there will require all the skill, courage and intelligence of the human race. While the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars, travelling through dangerous solar radiation. And even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely, they may not be able to return to Earth — ever. 4 As early as the 1980s, scientists were building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert, consisting of a closed space in which people, animals and plants could live together. Although the two-year experiment was a failure, it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet. Anyway, human settlement of Mars is still decades away. In the meantime, scientific research shows that the planet Earth is getting warmer. This change is being caused by human activity and is having a terrible effect on the globe. 5 A．That definitely is a big step forward. B．Right now, it’s the only one we have. C．One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them. D．Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but isn’t impossible, as proved by scientists. E．Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and stunning images. F．Today, however, environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk to life on Earth. G．Until we are finally able to live on another planet, we need to take far better care of our own. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·吉林长春·期末） How to manage digital anger We’ve all been there: you come across a comment on Facebook, or a headline pops up on X that leaves you feeling angry. So, what can we do to reduce our digital anger? Here are some tips. Organize Your Digital Experience. Consider blocking people instead of taking part in arguments. Create a digital “safe space” for relaxation. You might want to use different platforms for specific purposes—like using Facebook for friends and Twitter for news–so you know what to expect and can react accordingly. 1 Step Away from the Screen. If discussions become heated, take a physical break from your screen. 2 Stepping away can also improve your mood and reduce stress. When you return, you’ll think more clearly and engage with a calmer mindset. 3 Don’t rush to respond to views that are different from yours. Take a moment to calm down, which may lead to clearer, more peaceful responses. It’s important to remember that not every comment needs a response. When faced with rude content, consider reporting it rather than responding directly. Find Healthy Outlets for Anger. There’s nothing wrong with feeling angry, but still you need to deal with it properly. A good way is to express your anger through diary writing. 4 . It can help you clarify your disappointment and then guide you toward positive actions. Consider Talking with Someone. If your emotions are negatively impacting you, looking for help from an expert can be beneficial. 5 It can also help you explore your feelings and increase self-awareness, supporting better mental health. A．Think before posting. B．Focus on what matters. C．Writing helps process emotions. D．It is common to feel angry sometimes. E．A break can prevent regrettable comments. F．Talking to a professional can offer new ideas. G．This helps avoid trouble and keeps the online environment positive. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·内蒙古乌兰察布·期末） Learning about and understanding diverse cultures can broaden our horizons (眼界) and help us respect people from different backgrounds. 1 . Join cultural events and festivals Joining different countries’ festivals and events is a great way to learn about diverse cultures. 2 . For example, celebrating the Spring Festival helps you know the Chinese culture. By joining such kind of events, you can learn more about different cultures’ traditions and values. Read books and watch movies Reading books and watching movies or documentaries from diverse cultures is another good way to explore them. 3 . For example, reading Japanese novels can give you a taste of Japan’s modern culture; watching Indian movies can help you understand Indian education system and the lives of young people there. Through these works, you can see and feel diverse cultures from various angles. 4 Conversation is a great way to understand diverse cultures. You can join international student groups, language exchanges, or community events to make new friends. By talking to them, you can learn about their lifestyles, values, and traditions, which will increase your knowledge and help you make more friends. For example, talking to friends from the Middle East teaches you about their religion and family values; talking to African friends teaches you about their music and dance. Participate in community service and volunteer work This is another way to explore diverse cultures. By helping people from various cultural backgrounds, you can understand their needs and challenges better. For example, joining a foreign project can help you learn about people’s lives in that country; taking part in community health projects can give you insights into how people from diverse cultures view health. 5 . A．Talk to people from diverse cultures B．Write to people from diverse cultures C．Here are four ways to explore different cultures D．The stories often provide rich background information E．Such things can help you know what they are suffering F．They often have traditional dances, music, food, and so on G．These activities help you understand cultures and contribute to society Passage 3 （24-25高一下·内蒙古·期末） Here are great ideas on how parents can keep their kids active even on the coldest days of the year. Playing Indoors One way that encourages little children to move around is to hold dance parties. Putting on some loud fast-paced music is enjoyable. 1 It is also a great way to develop family relationships. Everyone has fun as a family. Spending time dancing together is a good way to create memories, even when it is rainy or snowy outside. 2 Parents can also play hide-and-seek with their children and even create a circuit (环行路线) around the living room, with pillows and any other things they have around. Heading Outdoors If it is extremely cold outside, parents may not be sure about allowing their little ones out. However, if a suitable method is used, it can work wonderfully. Despite the inconvenience, dressing in layers (层) for kids is the way to go. 3 Playing in the snow, when kids are dressed properly, is almost a must! Snow fights can be an exciting way to run around and use up some energy that has built up while they are being indoors. Other ways to stay active outside include sports like going for a walk in nature. 4 So it is worth taking pictures and enjoying them. All in all, staying active in the winter months, especially for children, can be challenging but possible. Fun indoor activities and exciting outdoor ones are equally beneficial to their health. 5 Through these, parents and their children can enjoy the benefits of staying active and create memories together! A．It gets muscles moving. B．Both can be fun adventures. C．They can remove coats as heating up. D．Another way to stay active inside is to play games. E．There is so much beauty, bright colors, and fresh air in winter. F．No wonder indoor activities is more suitable than outdoor activities. G．Other ways to stay active indoors include creating artworks in the living room. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·辽宁·期末） When you have no motivation to complete a task or even start one, perform some behavioral experiments to see which strategies best help you reach your goals. Act as if you feel motivated 1 . Act as if you felt motivated, and your actions may change your emotions. For example, rather than sit on the couch in your pajamas (睡衣) all day waiting for motivation to strike, get dressed and get moving. You might find that taking action will increase your motivation, which makes it easier to keep going. 2 When you think you’re going to fail, argue all the reasons why you might succeed. Or when you think you can’t finish a job, list whatever shows you’ll be able to complete the task. 3 And you might find that developing a more balanced outlook will help you feel more motivated to try. Manage your to-do list Take a look at your to-do list, and determine if it’s too long. If so, get rid of tasks that aren’t essential. See if other tasks can be moved to a different day. Prioritize (优先处理) the most important things on the list, and move those to the top. You might find a slight change in your to-do list will help you to see your tasks as more manageable. 4 Go for a walk in nature Fresh air, a change of scenery, and a little exercise can do wonders for your motivation. Walking in nature can be especially beneficial. 5 . Being surrounded by nature can provide the mental escape you need to return to your project feeling more motivated than before. A．Argue the opposite B．Practice self-criticism C．In that way, you can see both sides of the problem D．As a result, you might feel more motivated to get to work E．You may trick yourself into feeling motivated by changing your behavior F．Change your mood by adding a little fun to something you’re not motivated to do G．So rather than walk down a crowded street, go to the park or a botanical garden instead Passage 5 （24-25高一下·内蒙古通辽·期末） Often times, doing things in a more sustainable way means doing them the old-fashioned way-for example, hanging clothes on a line instead of running the dryer. Making small changes to our routines can pay off big in various ways: helping the planet while saving you time, money, or both. 1 We hope you’ll be surprised by how big a difference you can make with relatively little effort. Run the dishwasher. 2 Running a full dishwasher uses an average of 60 percent less energy than handwashing. If you don’t have a dishwasher, fill the sink with suds (肥皂泡沫) once instead of running the tap the whole time. That way, you’ll use about a fifth of the water. 3 Barbershops in North America produce a lot of waste. Some of that includes haircuts, which have a surprising variety of uses, among them absorbing oil spills and recycling into insulation (绝缘). See if your barbershop belongs to Green Circle Barbershop, which reclaims and repurposes a million pounds of beauty waste every year. Measure yourself. It may seem smart to order multiple sizes when shopping for clothes online, planning to return those that don’t fit. But the unfortunate reality is that many returned articles-even unopened ones-are discarded, not resold. 4 Forget fast fashion. By that, we basically mean cheap, trendy clothing you’ll find at stores that get new inventory every month. Most of the clothing created by these brands ultimately ends up in landfills: 5 Thankfully, there’s a growing club of companies that prioritize sustainability, producing fewer but longer-lasting articles, often made with organic or eco-friendly fabrics. A．Cut your hair less frequently. B．Do something different with your hair. C．Go ahead, let the household device do all the work. D．The average American throws away 82 pounds of it each year. E．Newer machines also use far less water, saving you money on both bills. F．With that in mind, we’ve had easy steps that will help you go the most distance. G．So, take your measurements and rely on size charts and customer reviews instead. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 七选五 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·内蒙古赤峰·期末） Do you know what to do if you see or experience bullying (霸凌)? Read this article to understand more about bullying and find out what you can do to stop it. What is bullying? Bullying can be physical. It can also be verbal. 1 Bulliers tell other people not to be friends with victims. Bullying can happen anywhere, at school, on public transport or when they are walking home. 2 Bullying usually involves more people than you think. There are the people who bully and those who are bullied. Then there are “bystanders” — someone who joins in with the bullying or encourages the bullying by watching. People who see bullying but do nothing to stop it are also bystanders. What should you do if you see bullying happening? 3 You can support the bullying victim by walking away from the situation with them.If you feel confident and safe, you can stop the bullying calmly and directly. Otherwise, you may decide to report the bullying to a trusted adult. What can you do if you’re being bullied? If you’re being bullied, you could try walking away, ignoring it or telling the person to stop. If that doesn’t work, it’s really important to reach out to a friend or classmate and ask them for help. Or speak to a parent, a teacher or another adult you trust. 4 What can you do to avoid bullying someone? If you think that your actions could be hurting another person, it’s important to realize this.Try to find other positive ways to interact with people and help them feel good about themselves. 5 If you feel as if you can’t handle the situation, talk to an adult you trust. A．Who are bystanders? B．Who’s involved in bullying? C．Another type of bullying is social. D．But there are things that you can do. E．Never join in with or encourage bullying. F．It’s OK to admit that you’ve made a mistake. G．Nobody should have to deal with bullying alone. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．G 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了霸凌的类型、涉及人群，以及看到霸凌、遭受霸凌时的应对方法，还有如何避免霸凌他人，以助人们阻止霸凌。 1．根据上文“Bullying can be physical. It can also be verbal.(欺凌行为可以是身体上的，也可以是言语上的)”可知，前文提到霸凌有身体上的和言语上的，此处应介绍另一种类型。本句承接上文，且与后文“Bulliers tell other people not to be friends with victims”（霸凌者让他人不与受害者做朋友）这一社交霸凌行为呼应，故C选项“另一种类型的欺凌是社交方面的”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据本段内容“Bullying usually involves more people than you think. There are the people who bully and those who are bullied. Then there are “bystanders” — someone who joins in with the bullying or encourages the bullying by watching. People who see bullying but do nothing to stop it are also bystanders.(欺凌行为通常涉及的人数比你想象的要多。有实施欺凌的人，也有被欺凌的人。此外还有“旁观者”——那些参与欺凌行为或通过旁观默许这种行为的人。看到欺凌行为却袖手旁观、不采取任何制止措施的人也是旁观者)”可知，本段主要介绍霸凌涉及的人群：霸凌者、受害者和旁观者。故B选项“谁参与了欺凌行为？”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据后文“You can support the bullying victim by walking away from the situation with them. If you feel confident and safe, you can stop the bullying calmly and directly. Otherwise, you may decide to report the bullying to a trusted adult.(你可以通过与受害者一同离开现场的方式来为其提供支持。如果你感到自信且安全，就可以冷静、直接地制止这种欺凌行为。否则，你也可以决定向可信赖的成年人报告这一欺凌事件)”可知，本段开头提出“看到霸凌发生该做什么”，本句引出下文具体做法，起到承上启下的作用，故D选项“但还是有一些事情是可以去做的”符合语境，故选D。 4．根据上文“If you’re being bullied, you could try walking away, ignoring it or telling the person to stop. If that doesn’t work, it’s really important to reach out to a friend or classmate and ask them for help. Or speak to a parent, a teacher or another adult you trust.(如果你正遭受欺凌，你可以尝试转身离开、不予理睬或者要求那个人停止这种行为。如果这些方法都不管用，那么一定要向朋友或同学寻求帮助。或者也可以找家长、老师或者你信任的其他成年人谈谈)”可知，本段讲被霸凌时的应对方法，强调向他人求助，即不独自面对霸凌。故G选项“没有人应该独自应对欺凌”符合语境，故选G。 5．根据上文“If you think that your actions could be hurting another person, it’s important to realize this.Try to find other positive ways to interact with people and help them feel good about themselves.(如果你认为自己的行为可能会伤害到他人，那么就一定要意识到这一点。试着寻找其他积极的方式与他人交流，并帮助他们增强自信心)”以及后文“If you feel as if you can’t handle the situation, talk to an adult you trust.(如果你觉得自己无法应对当前的情况，那就找一个你信任的成年人倾诉一下吧)”可知，前文提到“若意识到自己的行为伤害他人，需积极改正”，后文建议“无法处理时求助成人”。选项F（承认自己犯错是可以的）是承上启下的关键，既呼应“意识到错误”，又为后续“求助”做铺垫。故F选项“承认自己犯了错误是没问题的”符合语境，故选。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·辽宁·期末） Craftsmanship is the art of creating something with passion, care and attention to detail. It is a timeless spirit that is respected and appreciated in various fields. At its core, craftsmanship means a firm commitment to quality. 1 This determined quest (追求) for excellence is what sets their work apart. Craftsmen typically understand their materials. They are well aware that the quality of their work is directly tied to the quality of what they use. 2 A master wood-worker, for example, not only knows how to shape wood but also understands its grain (纹理) and how it ages over time. This knowledge allows them to choose the right wood and transform it into something extraordinary. A true craftsman’s work goes beyond the mere act of creating products; they transform their work into an art form. This transformation requires a combination of excellent qualities of the craftsman. 3 It means deep knowledge and a set of skills that are usually developed through years of practice and experience in their chosen field. 4 And it sets a craftsman apart from a mere laborer. Their deep love for their craft is apparent in the energy and time they invest in their work. This passion often leads to constant innovation, as craftsmen always seek ways to improve their techniques. To choose the path of craftsmanship is to set out on a lifelong journey of learning, improving and perfecting. It is not merely about acquiring a set of skills, but about adopting a mindset that values quality, discipline and a deep respect for the craft. The ultimate goal of a craftsman is not simply a product. 5 A．Each handmade item tells a story. B．And one essential quality is expertness. C．Craftsmen should embrace a growth mindset. D．Passion is the driving force behind craftsmanship. E．Therefore, they are very particular about materials. F．Craftsmen work painstakingly to meet the highest standard. G．It is to evolve from an individual into a master of their craft. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．B 4．D 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了工匠精神的内涵，包括对质量的承诺、对材料的了解、对工艺的热爱以及终身学习和成长，目的是实现从个人到领域专家的转变。 1．根据上文“At its core, craftsmanship means a firm commitment to quality.(从本质上讲，工艺意味着对品质的坚定追求)”提到工匠精神的核心是对质量的坚定承诺，后文“This determined quest (追求) for excellence is what sets their work apart.(这种对卓越的坚定追求正是使他们的作品与众不同之处)”则提到这种对卓越的追求使得他们的作品与众不同。可知本句是在说明与众不同的原因，故选项F“工匠们努力工作以达到最高标准”符合语境。故选F。 2．根据上文“Craftsmen typically understand their materials. They are well aware that the quality of their work is directly tied to the quality of what they use.(工匠们通常对所使用的材料了如指掌。他们深知，其作品的质量与所使用的材料的质量直接相关)”可知，工匠通常非常了解他们的材料，深知工作质量与材料质量息息相关。选项E“因此，他们对材料非常挑剔”顺理成章地承接了前文，进一步说明了工匠基于对材料与工作质量关系的认识而表现出的对材料挑剔的态度，故选E。 3．根据上文“A true craftsman’s work goes beyond the mere act of creating products; they transform their work into an art form. This transformation requires a combination of excellent qualities of the craftsman.(一位真正的工匠的工作远不止于单纯地制造产品；他们将自己的作品转化为一种艺术形式。这种转变需要工匠具备一系列卓越的品质)”可知，真正的工匠把工作变成艺术形式，这需要工匠具备一系列优秀的品质。选项B“一个必要的品质是专业知识”与前文提到的“excellent qualities”相呼应，且引出了后面所讲的深厚知识和技能等内容，符合上下文逻辑，故选B。 4．根据后文“And it sets a craftsman apart from a mere laborer. Their deep love for their craft is apparent in the energy and time they invest in their work. This passion often leads to constant innovation, as craftsmen always seek ways to improve their techniques.(这使得工匠与普通劳动者区分开来。他们对自身技艺的深深热爱体现在他们投入工作所耗费的精力和时间之中。这种热情往往促使他们不断进行创新，因为工匠们总是寻求改进技艺的方法)”可知，后一句讲这种对工艺的热爱使工匠与普通劳动者区分开来。选项D“热情是工匠精神背后的驱动力”明确指出了热情这一要素，与后文工匠热爱工艺并投入大量时间和精力相呼应，起到承上启下的作用，故选D。 5．根据上文“To choose the path of craftsmanship is to set out on a lifelong journey of learning, improving and perfecting. It is not merely about acquiring a set of skills, but about adopting a mindset that values quality, discipline and a deep respect for the craft. The ultimate goal of a craftsman is not simply a product.(选择工艺之路意味着踏上一段终身学习、提升和完善的过程。这不仅仅是为了掌握一系列技能，更是要培养一种重视品质、遵守纪律以及对技艺深表尊重的心态。工匠的最终目标并非仅仅是一个产品)”可知，上文提到工匠的最终目标不仅仅是产品，而是选择了一条终身学习、提升和完善自己的道路，不仅仅是为了技能，而是一种重视质量等的思维模式。选项G“这意味着要从一个普通个体成长为各自领域的行家高手”与前文的目标追求相契合，总结了工匠的最终目标，故选G。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·辽宁丹东·期末） Smile: It Is Good For You Research reveals that showing you’re happy can enhance both physical and mental health. And here is why. Smiling is a stress reliever. A University of Kansas study found that participants who were asked to smile during stressful tasks had lower heart rates during stress recovery. So it seems even forcing yourself to look happy helps to manage tricky situations. Smiling may lower blood pressure. The benefits of smile go beyond stress reduction. 1 Another research has shown that blood pressure doesn’t rise when people are exposed to humour. Smiling boosts immunity. A smile releases certain hormones in the brain, including serotonin, which is associated with an improvement in immune function. Depression, meanwhile, can weaken your immune system. 2 A smile can reduce your pain. Being amused also prompts the release of endorphins (内啡肽) in the brain. 3 In one study, participants who smiled while being injected reported 40 percent less pain. 4 It seems smiling really can boost your mood, rather than simply being a response to feeling happy. A 2022 study of 3,878 participants in 19 countries found people’s happiness rating was higher when they smiled. Of course, smiling endears you to others and helps you to connect with them. 5 Give yourself cues to remind you to smile — when you see someone laughing or you’re making a cup of tea — or put a note on your phone as a reminder. Think of something pleasurable, such as a favourite person, place or memory when you smile. You will harvest the rewards of your continuous efforts. A．Looking happy encourages positivity. B．Endorphins are the body’s natural painkillers. C．Those who have the broadest smile live longer. D．If you practise enough, it’ll become second nature. E．So, it makes sense to smile more if you want to stay well. F．It is also likely to have a knock-on effect on blood pressure. G．It not only releases endorphins but also boosts your immune system. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了微笑对身心健康的多重益处，包括缓解压力、降低血压、增强免疫力、减轻疼痛和提升幸福感等。 1．上文“The benefits of smile go beyond stress reduction.(微笑的好处不仅仅是减轻压力)”说明微笑的好处不止一个，下文“Another research has shown that blood pressure doesn’t rise when people are exposed to humour.(另一项研究表明，当人们接触到幽默时，血压不会升高)”表明接触幽默时血压不会升高，F项“它也可能对血压产生连锁反应。”说明微笑与血压的关系，承上启下，既体现了微笑的额外好处，又引出了下文关于血压的研究，符合语境。故选F。 2．上文“A smile releases certain hormones in the brain, including serotonin, which is associated with an improvement in immune function. Depression, meanwhile, can weaken your immune system.(微笑会释放大脑中的某些激素，包括血清素，这与免疫功能的改善有关。与此同时，抑郁会削弱你的免疫系统)”说明微笑对免疫系统的好处，E项“所以，如果你想保持健康，多微笑是有道理的。”总结上文，将微笑与免疫功能、健康联系起来，和上文之间是因果关系。故选E。 3．上文“Being amused also prompts the release of endorphins in the brain.(被逗乐也会促使大脑释放内啡肽)”表明微笑释放内啡肽，下文“In one study, participants who smiled while being injected reported 40 percent less pain.(一项研究中，微笑着接受注射的参与者报告疼痛减少了40%)”表明微笑可以减轻痛苦，B项“内啡肽是人体天然的止痛药。”直接解释其止痛作用，与后句研究数据形成因果关系，Endorphins与上文呼应，painkillers与下文less pain相呼应，符合语境。故选B。 4．下文“It seems smiling really can boost your mood, rather than simply being a response to feeling happy. A 2022 study of 3,878 participants in 19 countries found people’s happiness rating was higher when they smiled.(似乎微笑真的能提升你的情绪，而不仅仅是对快乐的一种反应。2022年一项针对19个国家3878名参与者的研究发现，当人们微笑时，他们的幸福感评分更高)”说明微笑能提升情绪，空处位于段首，应为本段的主题句，概括本段内容，A项“看起来快乐能激发积极性。”与下文的观点完全一致，符合语境。故选A。 5．上文“Of course, smiling endears you to others and helps you to connect with them.(当然，微笑能让你更讨人喜欢，帮助你与他人建立联系)”说明微笑增进人际关系，下文“Give yourself cues to remind you to smile — when you see someone laughing or you’re making a cup of tea — or put a note on your phone as a reminder.(给自己一些提示来提醒自己微笑——比如当你看到有人大笑时，或者在你泡茶的时候——或者在手机上贴一张便签作为提醒)”给出练习微笑的具体建议，D项“如果你练习得足够多，它就会成为你的第二天性。”衔接上下文，既呼应了微笑的好处，又引出了下文的练习建议，符合语境。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·内蒙古·期末） Goals aren’t just things to do. They guide you to a better life and help you reach your dreams. Let’s discover the wonderful benefits of achieving goals. Improve your self-respect Setting a goal and devoting yourself to it do more than give you something to aim for — it builds your self-respect. 1 . Breaking your goals into smaller, manageable steps makes them less frightening. Approach one task at a time to stay inspired as you work toward long term success. You’ll feel proud of yourself as your hard work pays off. Build resilience（韧性） 2 . Along the way, you’ll likely hit barriers. Although challenging, dealing with those barriers helps build resilience, an important ability to get through the ups and downs of life. Resilience means the ability to adapt and recover from life’s challenges by using inner strength. It’s a skill that teaches you how to keep trying in the face of difficulties, so that you can succeed today and in the future. 3 If you feel lost or stuck in a routine, setting goals can help find direction. Goals act like a compass, helping to direct your ship toward the life of your dreams. Start by figuring out what you’d like to complete. Identify the steps you need to follow, and then focus your energy on the tasks needed to realize those goals. This can help you feel inspired to make your dreams come true every day you wake up. Teach responsibility Setting goals is one thing and sticking to them is another. Responsibility bridges that gap. You’ll learn how to be responsible for your actions and keep yourself on track. Find a supportive partner that you can contact to measure progress. 4 . Inspire those around you Achieving goals doesn’t just improve your own life. It also inspires those around you to do the same. People will naturally admire your hard work and efforts to succeed. 5 . When they see you keep trying, they’ll feel encouraged to keep going, too! A．Give you a sense of purpose B．Find the way to realize dreams C．Achieving goals takes time and hard work D．Those are the steps to move toward your goals E．You lead by example and challenge others to do their best F．They can also help you stay inspired when you face problems G．Each step forward is proof of your ability and strengthens self-confidence 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．A 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文是篇说明文。目标可以引领人们走向更美好的生活，帮助人们实现梦想。文章主要讲述了实现目标的好处。 1．根据上句“Setting a goal and devoting yourself to it do more than give you something to aim for — it builds your self-respect. (设定一个目标并全身心地为之努力，其意义远不止于让你有目标可追求——它还能增强你的自尊心。)”和下句“Breaking your goals into smaller, manageable steps makes them less frightening. (将你的目标分解成更小、更易于掌控的步骤，会使其看起来不那么令人畏惧。)”可知，空处应具体描述实现目标的每一步都可以帮助你增强自信心；选项G. Each step forward is proof of your ability and strengthens self-confidence (每前进一步都是对你能力的证明，也会增强你的自信心。)解释说明了设定并努力实现目标能够增强自尊心的原因，并引出了可以把目标分解成更小步骤的方法，承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 2．根据下句“Along the way, you’ll likely hit barriers. (在过程中，你可能会遇到阻碍。)”可知，该段主要描述了在实现目标的过程中会遇到困难和挫折，并不是件容易的事情；选项C. Achieving goals takes time and hard work (实现目标需要时间和不懈的努力。)指出了实现目标不是一蹴而就的，需要长期不断地努力，与下文衔接合理。故选C。 3．空处为第四段主题句，参考其它段落主题句可知，应用祈使句，故答案选自A或B。根据下文“If you feel lost or stuck in a routine, setting goals can help find direction. Goals act like a compass, helping to direct your ship toward the life of your dreams. (如果你感到迷茫或陷入常规状态，设定目标能够帮助你找到方向。目标就像指南针一样，能引导你的航船驶向你梦想中的生活。)”可知，该段主要说明了设定并实现目标会帮你找到前进的方向，找到人生的目标；选项A. Give you a sense of purpose (给你一种明确的目标感)点明了该段主题，符合语境。故选A。 4．根据上句“Find a supportive partner that you can contact to measure progress. (找一个能给予你支持、并且你可以与之联系以监测进展的伙伴吧。)”可知，空处应该继续描述找一个这种伙伴的好处；选项F. They can also help you stay inspired when you face problems (他们还能在你遇到难题时帮助你保持积极向上的心态。)具体说明了这种伙伴能够带给你的帮助，符合语境。故选F。 5．根据上句“People will naturally admire your hard work and efforts to succeed. (人们自然会钦佩你为取得成功所付出的辛勤和不懈的努力.)”和下句“When they see you keep trying, they’ll feel encouraged to keep going, too! (当他们看到你一直坚持不懈地努力时，他们也会受到鼓舞，从而继续坚持下去！)”可知，空处应该表达了人们在钦佩你的同时，会以你为榜样，为实现目标而努力；选项E. You lead by example and challenge others to do their best (你以身作则，并激励他人全力以赴。)说明了你以身作则，成为他人的榜样，从而激励他人也为实现目标而付出坚持不懈的努力，承上启下，符合语境。故选E。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·吉林白山·期末） You need to use the DRY principle (原则) to be more productive. This isn’t to say your work is too hard; instead, it’s too repetitive. 1 And it’s actually one of the better time management and productivity techniques. DRY was first popularized in a book that states each task should have a single, clear, authoritative representation within a system. Think of it like this: You’re busy every day, but are you productive every day? 2 How can you DRY your work and stop repeating yourself? First, you’ll spend a few days doing your normal tasks — but write down everything you do. Be specific. 3 Write down how many emails you answered and take notes. Write down phone calls, meetings, and tasks you perform to complete a project, whether it’s one for work or cleaning your house. 4 They are unavoidable tasks you have to do, tasks that use up lots of your time and work that repeats itself. Everything in that third kind should then be automated (自动化) or streamlined (使效率更高) before looking into the time-using ones, which may also qualify for some automation. What that streamlining is going to look like depends on what you are wasting your time on. 5 If you have one-on-one meetings with workmates that make you repeat yourself, suggest combining them into one meeting. If you’re always cleaning the same part of your home, look into specific cleaning methods that might help you get the whole job done more efficiently. A．DRY stands for “don’t repeat yourself”. B．Everyone would ask: Does DRY productivity work? C．Then you can sort everything into three types. D．If you’re always typing the same message into emails, try using models. E．For example, don’t write down that you “answered emails from 10 to 10:30”. F．Once you work through the DRY for a while, you should start working on another. G．If the answer is no, it might be because you’re being too repetitive with your work. 【答案】1．A 2．G 3．E 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何运用DRY（Don’t Repeat Yourself）原则来提高工作效率和进行时间管理。 1．根据上文“This isn’t to say your work is too hard; instead, it’s too repetitive.(这并不是说你的工作太难了；相反，它太重复了。)”可知，上文说明工作难是因为它太重复，A选项“DRY stands for “don’t repeat yourself”.(DRY代表“不要重复自己”。)”对DRY原则进行了解释，与上文的“repetitive”相呼应，引出了这个提高效率的原则，故选A。 2．上文“Think of it like this: You’re busy every day, but are you productive every day?(这样想：你每天都很忙，但你每天都有效率吗？)”提出了关于效率的问题，G选项“If the answer is no, it might be because you’re being too repetitive with your work.(如果答案是否定的，那可能是因为你的工作太重复了。)”回答上文问题，并给出进一步的解释，与上文问题的逻辑相符合，故选G。 3．根据上文“First, you’ll spend a few days doing your normal tasks — but write down everything you do. Be specific.(首先，你会花几天时间做你的日常任务——但是把你做的每件事都写下来。要具体。)”可知，上文建议首先把做的每件事都具体地写下来，E选项“For example, don’t write down that you “answered emails from 10 to 10:30”.(例如，不要写下你“从10点到10点半回复邮件”。)”是对“要具体”这个要求的举例说明，符合语境。故选E。 4．根据下文“They are unavoidable tasks you have to do, tasks that use up lots of your time and work that repeats itself.(它们是你不得不做的不可避免的任务，这些任务会占用你大量的时间，而且会不断重复。)”可知，有些任务是不可避免的，C选项“Then you can sort everything into three types.(然后你可以把所有的事情分成三类。)”能够引出下文对于三种任务类型的描述，起到总领的作用。故选C。 5．根据下文“If you have one-on-one meetings with workmates that make you repeat yourself, suggest combining them into one meeting. If you’re always cleaning the same part of your home, look into specific cleaning methods that might help you get the whole job done more efficiently.(如果你和同事的一对一会议让你不得不重复自己的话，建议把它们合并成一个会议。如果你总是在打扫家里的同一部分，那就研究一下具体的清洁方法，这可能会帮助你更有效地完成整个工作。)”可知，下文举例说明减少重复工作的方法，D选项“If you’re always typing the same message into emails, try using models.(如果你总是在邮件中输入相同的信息，试着使用模型。)”是一个具体的减少重复工作的例子，与下文的两个例子并列，符合语境。故选D Passage 4 （24-25高一下·辽宁·期末） Tips for Morning Yoga If you’re new to morning yoga, you may be wondering how on earth you’ll fit it into your daily life. 1 . So you’ll have plenty of “me” time to practise yoga. Plan ahead At the start of each week, decide in advance when you’re going to practise yoga and schedule the activities in your diary. 2 . Whether you decide to practise on waking or after you’ve got your children to school, there’s no right or wrong time-just choose whenever suits you best. Set the scene 3 . All you need is a mat! Find a quiet place in your home with enough space to move and where you won’t be disturbed. Ideally, choose a room with a window or other source of natural daylight to help lift your mood. 4 Always make sure your mat is ready to save time searching for it every morning. During your practice, keep everything you need to hand. You don’t need to wear any fancy clothes, just comfortable layers that you can move freely in. Listen to your body As you practise, check in with your body and notice how it’s feeling today. Is it stiff (僵硬) and painful, bouncy and energized? 5 . If your body’s feeling stiff, you can stretch more slowly and deeply; if it’s feeling energetic, you can choose a more dynamic activity. A．Get prepared in advance B．Warm up before you practise C．The great thing about yoga is you can practise it anywhere D．Take your body through all the planes of movement in the practise E．Listen to the messages it gives you and do your practice accordingly F．This will help you stick to your goals and create a new morning daily life G．But, don’t worry, there are simple strategies that make your mornings run smoother 【答案】1．G 2．F 3．C 4．A 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了早上进行瑜伽练习的相关事宜。 1．根据上文“If you’re new to morning yoga, you may be wondering how on earth you’ll fit it into your daily life. (如果你是初次接触晨间瑜伽，你可能会好奇自己究竟该如何将它融入日常生活中。)”可知，前文提到新手可能疑惑如何将晨间瑜伽融入日常生活，本句承接上文，引出下文的建议，起到过渡作用。故G选项“但是，别担心，有一些简单的策略能够让你的早晨生活更加顺畅有序”符合语境，故选G项。 2．根据上文“At the start of each week, decide in advance when you’re going to practise yoga and schedule the activities in your diary. (每周伊始，提前确定好你练习瑜伽的具体时间，并在日程表中安排好相关活动。)”可知，前文建议提前规划瑜伽时间并记入日程，F项中的“This”指代这个措施，并指出这个措施可以帮助你坚持目标，形成新的（适合瑜伽的）早晨习惯。F选项“这将有助于你坚持自己的目标，并建立起全新的早晨生活模式”符合语境，故选F项。 3．根据后文“All you need is a mat! Find a quiet place in your home with enough space to move and where you won’t be disturbed. Ideally, choose a room with a window or other source of natural daylight to help lift your mood. (你所需要的就是一块垫子！在家中找一个安静的地方，要有足够的空间活动且不会被打扰。理想情况下，选择一个有窗户或能接收到自然光线的房间，这有助于改善你的心情。)”以及小标题“Set the scene (设置好场地)”可知，后文提到只需一张垫子，在家找个安静空间即可，本句概括了瑜伽的便利性，与后文对练习场景的具体说明呼应。故C项“瑜伽的一大优点在于，你可以在任何地方进行练习”符合语境。故选C项。 4．根据后文“Always make sure your mat is ready to save time searching for it every morning. During your practice, keep everything you need to hand. You don’t need to wear any fancy clothes, just comfortable layers that you can move freely in. (务必确保你的瑜伽垫已经准备好，这样你每天早上就不必费时去找它了。在练习时，把你需要的所有东西都放在手边。你无需穿任何花哨的衣服，只需穿着舒适、能让你自由活动的衣物即可。)”可知，该空为段落标题，后文围绕“提前准备好垫子、将所需物品放在手边、穿舒适衣物”展开，核心是“提前做好准备”，故A项“提前准备”符合本段主旨。故选A项。 5．根据上文“As you practise, check in with your body and notice how it’s feeling today. Is it stiff (僵硬) and painful, bouncy and energized? (在练习的过程中，要留意自己的身体状况，感受一下今天身体的感觉如何。是僵硬且疼痛，还是灵活且充满活力？)”以及本段小标题“Listen to your body (倾听你的身体)”可知，前文建议关注身体的感受（僵硬疼痛或充满活力），本句承接上文，说明如何根据身体状态调整练习，E项“听取它给你的提示信息，并据此进行练习”顺承标题内容，符合本段上下文语境。故选E项。 Passage 5 （24-25高一下·辽宁沈阳·期末） I’m a hiker — “born to hike”. It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail, especially when I’m alone and can let my mind wander where it will. The experience of hiking is unique, research suggests, conveying benefits beyond what you receive from typical exercise. 1 Hiking keeps your mind sharper than many other forms of exercise. As a professional writer, although I’m busy with my work, I often spare some time to hike. 2 3 Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that it’s done outdoors in a natural setting. It can happen almost anywhere and give you the happiness that you can take from nature. Hiking can increase our creativity. I’m sure I’m not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions. 4 Sometimes, ideas relevant to music come up from unconscious places when I’m not deliberately thinking. Hiking helps strengthen a positive relationship with the natural world. Besides being good for us, hiking may also help the world around us. After all, if we stick to walking and covering longer distances, we could use cars less and reduce our carbon footprint. 5 For example, it increases our connection to nature. As one study suggests, when we have a personal connection to nature, we are more likely to want to protect it. That means experiences in nature-like hiking-can be mutually beneficial, helping people and the earth. So, grab a water bottle, a backpack... and head out on the trail. You won’t be sorry you did. A．Hiking helps to keep you calm and happy. B．Beyond that, hiking benefits our planet indirectly. C．Here is what science is saying about the benefits of hiking. D．It not just makes me feel good, but also keeps my brain in top shape. E．Personally, it’s easy to hit upon some creative ideas while at home alone. F．As a matter of fact, I have written many of my songs while hiking on a trail. G．This all goes to show that hiking may be one of the best ways to move your body. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了徒步旅行的益处。 1．由上文“The experience of hiking is unique, research suggests, conveying benefits beyond what you receive from typical exercise.(研究表明，徒步旅行的体验是独一无二的，它带来的好处超出了你从典型运动中获得的好处)”并结合下文介绍的具体好处可知，空处内容应承上启下，C选项“Here is what science is saying about the benefits of hiking.(以下是科学对徒步旅行益处的阐述)”符合题意。故选C。 2．由上文“Hiking keeps your mind sharper than many other forms of exercise. As a professional writer, although I’m busy with my work, I often spare some time to hike.(徒步旅行比许多其他形式的运动更能让你头脑清醒。 作为一名职业作家，虽然我工作很忙，但我经常抽出时间徒步旅行)”可知，本空应说明徒步对作者大脑的好处，D选项“It not just makes me feel good, but also keeps my brain in top shape.(它不仅让我感觉良好，还能让我的大脑保持最佳状态)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 3．由下文“Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that it’s done outdoors in a natural setting. It can happen almost anywhere and give you the happiness that you can take from nature.(一般来说，锻炼是减轻压力的好方法。但徒步旅行与其他形式的运动不同之处在于，它是在自然环境中的户外进行的。它几乎可以在任何地方发生，给你从大自然中获得的快乐)”可知，本段讲徒步能减压、带来快乐，即让人平静快乐，A选项“Hiking helps to keep you calm and happy.(徒步旅行有助于你保持冷静和快乐)”能概括本段主旨，符合题意。故选A。 4．由上文“Hiking can increase our creativity. I’m sure I’m not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions.(徒步旅行可以增加我们的创造力。我相信不止我一个人发现，在大自然中散步可以让我的思想在创造性的方向上自由驰骋)”以及下文“Sometimes, ideas relevant to music come up from unconscious places when I’m not deliberately thinking.(有时候，当我没有刻意去想的时候，与音乐相关的想法会从潜意识中浮现出来)”可知，本空应举例说明徒步带来的创造，F选项“As a matter of fact, I have written many of my songs while hiking on a trail.(事实上，我在徒步旅行时写了很多歌)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 5．由上文“After all, if we stick to walking and covering longer distances, we could use cars less and reduce our carbon footprint.(毕竟，如果我们坚持步行并走更长的距离，我们就可以少用车，减少碳足迹)”以及下文“For example, it increases our connection to nature. As one study suggests, when we have a personal connection to nature, we are more likely to want to protect it.(例如，它增加了我们与自然的联系。一项研究表明，当我们与自然有个人联系时，我们更有可能想要保护它)”可知，本空讲徒步对地球的间接益处，B选项“Beyond that, hiking benefits our planet indirectly.(除此之外，徒步旅行还间接地有益于我们的星球)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。 Passage 6 （24-25高一下·黑龙江大庆·期末） Hiking, that is, travelling on foot, can be a great way to spend time outdoors. 1 With enough preparation, hiking can be a safe sport in which anyone can take part. Map out your way before setting out. Tell your friends or family where and when you will be hiking, and when you expect to return. 2 If you have a navigation device, pack it, as well. 3 Your body can only take in about l liter of liquid per hour, so drink 0.5 to l liter of some type of electrolyte (电解质) replacement drink every hour when you are hiking in the heat. Carry your water bottle in your hand and drink small amounts often. An adult should drink about 4 liters of electrolyte replacement drink for every 8 hours spent hiking in the heat. In the case of lightning storms, stay away from call trees and go quickly to the lowest — lying land you can find. On hot summer days, it’s necessary to bring, clothing and a raincoat. 4 In fall and winter, pack warm clothing and matches in case you need to build a fire. If you have worked out a hiking plan and told your friends or family your plan, help will be on the way as soon as they realize that you are missing. The best course of action is to stay in one position so that search groups can find you. Try to find a grassland or clearing where you may be seen from the air. A navigation device is a good helper, and your friends or family may easily know where you are. 5 A．Water is the most important thing. B．Going hiking with friends is even greater. C．Buy a map of the area and familiarize yourself with the paths. D．It will also be fixed in boats both of the sailing and rowing variety. E．Take plenty of water and sun cream, as temperatures may increase fast. F．However, basic hiking rules are necessary to ensure you have a safe trip. G．To bring a smartphone is also a good idea, but you may not have service in some areas. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．A 4．E 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者主要通过这篇文章介绍了徒步旅行时应该注意的点，并给徒步旅行者提出相应的生存建议。 1．下文“With enough preparation, hiking can be a safe sport in which anyone can take part. (在只要准备充分，徒步旅行是一项人人都可以参加的安全运动)”可知，空处应提及“安全”相关内容。F项“然而，基本的徒步旅行规则是必要的，以确保你的旅行安全。”与下文呼应，符合文意。故选F。 2．下文“If you have a navigation device, pack it, as well.(如果你有导航设备的话，也把它带上吧)”可知，该空是在建议读者，如何能保持在山里不迷路。C项“购买一张该区域的地图，并熟悉其中的路线”和识路有关，符合文意。故选C。 3．空处为本段主旨句。下文“Your body can only take in about l liter of liquid per hour(你的身体每小时只能摄入大约1升的液体)”可知，该段是作者给出关于摄取水分的建议。A项“水是最重要的东西”符合文意。故选A。 4．上文“On hot summer days, it’s necessary to bring, clothing and a raincoat.(在炎热的夏日里，有必要带上衣物和雨衣)”可知，空处应介绍夏天时应该注意的点。E项“带上足够的水和防晒霜，因为气温可能会迅速上升。”符合夏天的气候特点。故选E。 5．上文“A navigation device is a good helper, and your friends or family may easily know where you are.(导航设备是个很好的帮手，你的朋友或家人能够轻易地知道你的所在位置)”可知，此处是应提到万一迷路了应该如何联系家人。G项“带上一部智能手机也是个不错的选择，但在某些地区可能无法使用网络服务”符合语境。故选G。。 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·内蒙古包头·期末） People have been adding coloring to their food for thousands of years. This tradition is widely thought to have taken place in Egyptian cities as early as 1500 BC． 1 With time going by, food coloring grew more and more popular. At one point, all food colorings got their color from natural sources. 2 Insects and rocks were also often used as sources of food colorings. The natural world still remains a common source of many of today’s commercial colorings. Nowadays, scientists have also developed artificial food colorings. These colorings have many advantages. For instance, in many cases, it’s less expensive to create colors artificially. In addition, with artificial food coloring, people can create especially bright colors or colors hard to find in nature, such as blue. 3 Whether food colorings come naturally or artificially, there are health and safety concerns about food colorings. Several food colorings were once recognized as safe. But they have since been removed from the market because of health concerns. 4 However, avoiding food colorings can actually be quite difficult. 5 Many governments around the world limit the types of things that can be used in food colorings. And different countries have different labeling systems for food colorings, which allows people to be clear what food coloring it is. Many countries also make certain rules and laws to deal with adding and creating food colorings illegally. A．All food colorings come from two sources. B．Some food colorings are not good for health. C．Some people thus try to avoid food colorings. D．Plants, like flowers, were very common examples. E．As a result, man-made food colorings are widely used. F．Measures thus have been taken for food colorings’ safety. G．At that time, candy makers used colorings to improve products’ appearance. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．E 4．C 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了色素的起源、人工色素以及食用色素的安全问题。 1．上文“This tradition is widely thought to have taken place in Egyptian cities as early as 1500 BC.(人们普遍认为，这一传统早在公元前1500年就在埃及的城市中出现了)”提到，在食物中添加色素的传统早在公元前1500年就在埃及的城市中出现了，结合下文“With time going by, food colorings grew more and more popular.(随着时间的推移，食用色素越来越受欢迎)”可知，空处是描述公元前1500年添加色素的情况，G项“当时，糖果制造商使用色素来改善产品的外观”符合语境，故选G。 2．上文“At one point, all food colorings got their colors from natural sources.(曾经有一段时间，所有的食用色素都是天然色素)”提到，曾经有一段时间，所有的食用色素都是天然色素，结合下文“Insects and rocks were also often used as sources of food colorings.(昆虫和岩石也经常被用作食用色素的来源)”可知，空处和下文并列，都是对天然色素举例，D项“植物，比如花，就是很常见的例子”符合语境，故选D。 3．上文“In addition, with artificial food coloring, people can create especially bright colors or colors hard to find in nature, such as blue.(此外，使用人工食用色素，人们可以创造出特别明亮的颜色或在自然界中很难找到的颜色，比如蓝色)”描述人工色素的优势，E项“因此，人工食用色素被广泛使用”承接上文，符合语境，因为有诸多优点，故被广泛使用，故选E。 4．根据上文“Whether food colorings come naturally or artificially, there are health and safety concerns about food colorings. Several food colorings were once recognized as safe. But they have since been removed from the market because of health concerns.(无论食品色素是天然的还是人工合成的，其安全性都存在健康和安全方面的疑虑。有几种食品色素曾被认定为是安全的。但此后由于健康方面的担忧，它们已被从市场上撤下)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出人们因为健康考虑避免食用色素的结果。故C选项“因此，有些人便试图避免食用色素”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据下文“Many governments around the world limit the types of things that can be used in food colorings. And different countries have different labeling systems for food colorings, which allows people to be clear what food coloring it is. Many countries also make certain rules and laws to deal with adding and creating food colorings illegally.(世界各地的许多政府都对可用于食品着色剂的物质种类进行了限制。而且不同国家对于食品着色剂的标注体系也各不相同，这使得人们能够清楚地知道所使用的是一种什么样的食品着色剂。许多国家还制定了某些规则和法律，以应对非法添加和制造食品着色剂的行为)”可知，本段是讲述世界上很多国家对于色素安全采取的措施，F项“因此，已经采取了相关措施以确保食品色素的安全性”符合语境，为本段主题句，故选F。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·吉林长春·期末） In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles. 1 Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. But they are also preparing for the worst: what can we do if the earth can no longer sustain us? 2 The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment more friendly than that of other planets. Mars has fascinated people since ancient times, and today our interest in Martian exploration is greater than ever before. Since the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars. 3 Our robots have explored the Martian surface, testing the soil and searching for resources, water and signs of life. However, sending people there will require all the skill, courage and intelligence of the human race. While the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars, travelling through dangerous solar radiation. And even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely, they may not be able to return to Earth — ever. 4 As early as the 1980s, scientists were building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert, consisting of a closed space in which people, animals and plants could live together. Although the two-year experiment was a failure, it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet. Anyway, human settlement of Mars is still decades away. In the meantime, scientific research shows that the planet Earth is getting warmer. This change is being caused by human activity and is having a terrible effect on the globe. 5 A．That definitely is a big step forward. B．Right now, it’s the only one we have. C．One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them. D．Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but isn’t impossible, as proved by scientists. E．Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and stunning images. F．Today, however, environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk to life on Earth. G．Until we are finally able to live on another planet, we need to take far better care of our own. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．E 4．D 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章先指出过去人们担心核导弹会毁灭人类，如今环境问题成了地球生命的最大威胁，接着探讨了探索火星移民的可能性，最后强调在能移居其他星球前要爱护地球。 1．上文“In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles.(在20世纪60年代和70年代，最大的担忧是人类，甚至可能是地球上所有的高级生命形式，都可能被核导弹消灭)”说明过去最大的担忧是核导弹对人类的威胁。F选项“Today, however, environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk to life on Earth.(然而，如今环境问题已成为地球上生命面临的最大风险)”与上文形成对比，指出现在最大的威胁变成了环境问题，同时引出下文“Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. But they are also preparing for the worst: what can we do if the earth can no longer sustain us?(科学家们正在考虑降低这种风险的方法，比如用可再生能源取代煤炭和石油。但他们也在为最坏的情况做准备：如果地球不能再养活我们，我们该怎么办？)”科学家对应对环境问题的思考，与上文逻辑连贯。故选F项。 2．上文“Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. But they are also preparing for the worst: what can we do if the earth can no longer sustain us?(科学家们正在想办法降低这种风险，比如用可再生能源取代煤炭和石油。但他们也在为最坏的情况做准备：如果地球再也无法维持我们的生存，我们该怎么办?)”提出地球可能无法维持人类生存的问题。C选项“One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them.(一个选择是探索其他行星，看看我们是否能在上面生活)”针对上文问题给出了探索其他行星的解决方案，同时引出下文“The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment more friendly than that of other planets.(最有可能的选择是火星，它离地球相对较近，环境比其他行星更友好)”对火星情况的介绍。故选C项。 3．上文“Since the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars.(自20世纪60年代以来，我们一直在向火星发射无人航天器)”说明人类向火星发射了无人航天器。E选项“Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and stunning images.(我们的探测器已经环绕这颗行星飞行，发回了宝贵的数据和惊人的图像)”进一步描述了这些无人航天器(探测器)的工作情况，与上文内容衔接紧密。故选E项。 4．上文“While the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars, travelling through dangerous solar radiation. And even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely, they may not be able to return to Earth — ever.(虽然几天内就能到达月球，但到达火星需要几个月时间，还要穿越危险的太阳辐射。而且，即使第一批定居者能安全到达火星，他们可能永远也无法回到地球)”强调了前往火星以及在火星生存的困难。D选项“Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but isn’t impossible, as proved by scientists.(生存将是每天都要面临的挑战，但并非不可能，科学家已经证明了这一点)”既承接上文提到的生存困难，又通过“并非不可能”给出积极的观点，与上文逻辑连贯。故选D项。 5．上文“In the meantime, scientific research shows that the planet Earth is getting warmer. This change is being caused by human activity and is having a terrible effect on the globe.(与此同时，科学研究表明，地球正在变暖。这种变化是由人类活动引起的，正在对地球造成可怕的影响)”指出人类活动对地球造成了不良影响。G选项“Until we are finally able to live on another planet, we need to take far better care of our own.(在我们最终能够在另一个星球上生活之前，我们需要更好地爱护我们自己的星球)”基于上文的问题，提出在能移居其他星球前要爱护地球的建议，与上文逻辑一致，总结全文。故选G项。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·吉林长春·期末） How to manage digital anger We’ve all been there: you come across a comment on Facebook, or a headline pops up on X that leaves you feeling angry. So, what can we do to reduce our digital anger? Here are some tips. Organize Your Digital Experience. Consider blocking people instead of taking part in arguments. Create a digital “safe space” for relaxation. You might want to use different platforms for specific purposes—like using Facebook for friends and Twitter for news–so you know what to expect and can react accordingly. 1 Step Away from the Screen. If discussions become heated, take a physical break from your screen. 2 Stepping away can also improve your mood and reduce stress. When you return, you’ll think more clearly and engage with a calmer mindset. 3 Don’t rush to respond to views that are different from yours. Take a moment to calm down, which may lead to clearer, more peaceful responses. It’s important to remember that not every comment needs a response. When faced with rude content, consider reporting it rather than responding directly. Find Healthy Outlets for Anger. There’s nothing wrong with feeling angry, but still you need to deal with it properly. A good way is to express your anger through diary writing. 4 . It can help you clarify your disappointment and then guide you toward positive actions. Consider Talking with Someone. If your emotions are negatively impacting you, looking for help from an expert can be beneficial. 5 It can also help you explore your feelings and increase self-awareness, supporting better mental health. A．Think before posting. B．Focus on what matters. C．Writing helps process emotions. D．It is common to feel angry sometimes. E．A break can prevent regrettable comments. F．Talking to a professional can offer new ideas. G．This helps avoid trouble and keeps the online environment positive. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．A 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何减少数字环境（如社交媒体）中的愤怒情绪，并提供了一些实用的建议。 1．空前“You might want to use different platforms for specific purposes—like using Facebook for friends and Twitter for news–so you know what to expect and can react accordingly.(您可能希望使用不同的平台来实现特定的目的，例如使用Facebook来交友，使用Twitter来获取新闻，这样您就知道会发生什么，并可以做出相应的反应)”说明了你用不同的平台来实现特定的目的，空格处应该说这么做的好处，G选项“This helps avoid trouble and keeps the online environment positive.(这有助于避免麻烦，保持积极的网络环境)”说明了用不同平台实现特定的目的的好处，承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 2．空前“If discussions become heated, take a physical break from your screen.(如果讨论变得激烈，离开屏幕休息一下)”说明讨论激烈的时候可以离开屏幕休息一下，空格处应该说这么做的好处，E选项“A break can prevent regrettable comments.(休息一下可以防止发表令人遗憾的言论)”说明了休息一下的好处，承接上文，符合语境，故选E。 3．空格处是本段小标题，由空后“Don’t rush to respond to views that are different from yours. Take a moment to calm down, which may lead to clearer, more peaceful responses.(不要急于回应与你不同的观点。花点时间冷静下来，这可能会导致更清晰、更和平的回应)”说明不要急于回应，应该先思考清楚再回应，A选项“Think before posting.(发帖前要三思)”说明发帖前要再三考虑一下，概括了本段主要内容，可作为小标题，故选A。 4．空前“A good way is to express your anger through diary writing.(一个好方法是通过写日记来表达你的愤怒)”说明了一个好方法是写日记，空格处应该说写的好处，C选项“Writing helps process emotions.(写有助于处理情绪)”说明写的好处，承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 5．空前“If your emotions are negatively impacting you, looking for help from an expert can be beneficial.(如果你的情绪对你有负面影响，向专家寻求帮助可能是有益的)”说明向专家寻求帮助是有好处的，F选项“Talking to a professional can offer new ideas.(与专业人士交谈可以提供新的想法)”说明跟专业人士交谈的好处，承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·内蒙古乌兰察布·期末） Learning about and understanding diverse cultures can broaden our horizons (眼界) and help us respect people from different backgrounds. 1 . Join cultural events and festivals Joining different countries’ festivals and events is a great way to learn about diverse cultures. 2 . For example, celebrating the Spring Festival helps you know the Chinese culture. By joining such kind of events, you can learn more about different cultures’ traditions and values. Read books and watch movies Reading books and watching movies or documentaries from diverse cultures is another good way to explore them. 3 . For example, reading Japanese novels can give you a taste of Japan’s modern culture; watching Indian movies can help you understand Indian education system and the lives of young people there. Through these works, you can see and feel diverse cultures from various angles. 4 Conversation is a great way to understand diverse cultures. You can join international student groups, language exchanges, or community events to make new friends. By talking to them, you can learn about their lifestyles, values, and traditions, which will increase your knowledge and help you make more friends. For example, talking to friends from the Middle East teaches you about their religion and family values; talking to African friends teaches you about their music and dance. Participate in community service and volunteer work This is another way to explore diverse cultures. By helping people from various cultural backgrounds, you can understand their needs and challenges better. For example, joining a foreign project can help you learn about people’s lives in that country; taking part in community health projects can give you insights into how people from diverse cultures view health. 5 . A．Talk to people from diverse cultures B．Write to people from diverse cultures C．Here are four ways to explore different cultures D．The stories often provide rich background information E．Such things can help you know what they are suffering F．They often have traditional dances, music, food, and so on G．These activities help you understand cultures and contribute to society 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．D 4．A 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出了解和理解不同文化能够拓宽眼界、帮助尊重不同背景的人，并介绍了四种探索不同文化的方法。 1．根据空前的“Learning about and understanding diverse cultures can broaden our horizons (眼界) and help us respect people from different backgrounds. (了解和理解不同的文化可以拓宽我们的眼界，帮助我们尊重来自不同背景的人。)”以及下文列举的四种探索不同文化的方法可知，此处应引出下文的方法。C选项“Here are four ways to explore different cultures (这里有四种探索不同文化的方法)”起到了承上启下的作用，既呼应了前文对了解不同文化意义的阐述，又引出了下文具体的方法，符合语境。故选C项。 2．根据本段小标题“Join cultural events and festivals (参加文化活动和节日)”以及空前的“Joining different countries’ festivals and events is a great way to learn about diverse cultures. (参加不同国家的节日和活动是了解不同文化的好方法。)”可知，此处应说明这些文化活动和节日包含的内容。F选项“They often have traditional dances, music, food, and so on (它们通常有传统的舞蹈、音乐、食物等等)”中的“They”指代前文的“different countries’ festivals and events”，具体介绍了这些活动中的元素，符合语境。故选F项。 3．根据本段小标题“Read books and watch movies (读书看电影)”以及空前的“Reading books and watching movies or documentaries from diverse cultures is another good way to explore them. (阅读来自不同文化的书籍、观看来自不同文化的电影或纪录片是探索它们的另一种好方法。)”可知，此处应说明这些书籍、电影和纪录片的作用。D选项“The stories often provide rich background information (这些故事通常提供丰富的背景信息)”中的“The stories”指代前文的书籍、电影和纪录片中的内容，解释了它们为何能帮助探索不同文化，符合语境。故选D项。 4．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落相同，应为祈使句，根据空后的“Conversation is a great way to understand diverse cultures. You can join international student groups, language exchanges, or community events to make new friends. (交流是了解不同文化的好方法。你可以加入国际学生团体、语言交流活动或社区活动来结交新朋友。)”可知，本段讲述的内容应与和不同文化背景的人交流相关。A选项“Talk to people from diverse cultures (与来自不同文化背景的人交谈)”为祈使句，且能够概括本段的主题，适合作本段小标题。故选A项。 5．根据本段小标题“Participate in community service and volunteer work (参与社区服务和志愿工作)”以及空前的“For example, joining a foreign project can help you learn about people’s lives in that country; taking part in community health projects can give you insights into how people from diverse cultures view health. (例如，加入一个国外项目可以帮助你了解那个国家人们的生活；参与社区健康项目可以让你了解不同文化背景的人对健康的看法。)”可知，此处应总结这些活动的意义。G选项“These activities help you understand cultures and contribute to society (这些活动帮助你了解文化并为社会做出贡献)”中的“These activities”指代前文的社区服务和志愿工作，对这些活动的作用进行了总结，符合语境。故选G项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·内蒙古·期末） Here are great ideas on how parents can keep their kids active even on the coldest days of the year. Playing Indoors One way that encourages little children to move around is to hold dance parties. Putting on some loud fast-paced music is enjoyable. 1 It is also a great way to develop family relationships. Everyone has fun as a family. Spending time dancing together is a good way to create memories, even when it is rainy or snowy outside. 2 Parents can also play hide-and-seek with their children and even create a circuit (环行路线) around the living room, with pillows and any other things they have around. Heading Outdoors If it is extremely cold outside, parents may not be sure about allowing their little ones out. However, if a suitable method is used, it can work wonderfully. Despite the inconvenience, dressing in layers (层) for kids is the way to go. 3 Playing in the snow, when kids are dressed properly, is almost a must! Snow fights can be an exciting way to run around and use up some energy that has built up while they are being indoors. Other ways to stay active outside include sports like going for a walk in nature. 4 So it is worth taking pictures and enjoying them. All in all, staying active in the winter months, especially for children, can be challenging but possible. Fun indoor activities and exciting outdoor ones are equally beneficial to their health. 5 Through these, parents and their children can enjoy the benefits of staying active and create memories together! A．It gets muscles moving. B．Both can be fun adventures. C．They can remove coats as heating up. D．Another way to stay active inside is to play games. E．There is so much beauty, bright colors, and fresh air in winter. F．No wonder indoor activities is more suitable than outdoor activities. G．Other ways to stay active indoors include creating artworks in the living room. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．E 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章为父母介绍了让孩子在一年中最冷的日子里保持活跃的好主意。 1．前文“One way that encourages little children to move around is to hold dance parties. Putting on some loud fast-paced music is enjoyable. (鼓励小朋友活动的一个好方法是举办家庭舞会。播放一些节奏欢快的音乐既有趣又能调动气氛)”建议举办家庭舞会，提到使用节奏欢快的音乐调动气氛，后文“It is also a great way to develop family relationships. Everyone has fun as a family. (这同时也是增进亲子关系的绝佳方式。全家人一起享受欢乐时光)”提到增进家庭关系，因此A项“It gets muscles moving. (这能让肌肉运动起来)”符合语境，指出跳舞活动对身体的活动效果，承接前文，和后文是并列关系。故选A。 2．后文“Parents can also play hide-and-seek with their children and even create a circuit (环行路线) around the living room, with pillows and any other things they have around. (家长们还可以和孩子玩捉迷藏，甚至可以利用靠枕等家中现有物品，在客厅里搭建一个趣味障碍赛道)”提到捉迷藏、设置障碍路线等游戏类活动，空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，应建议玩室内游戏，因此D项“Another way to stay active inside is to play games. (另一种保持活跃的室内方式是玩游戏)”符合语境，统领后文内容，且其中的Another way呼应前一段段首的One way。故选D。 3．前文“Despite the inconvenience, dressing in layers (层) for kids is the way to go. (虽说有些麻烦，但让孩子穿多层衣服才是正确的做法)”建议分层穿衣，因此C项“They can remove coats as heating up. (他们可以在身体发热时脱掉外套)”符合语境，提醒发热时可以脱掉外套，承接前文，其中的They指代前文的kids。故选C。 4．前文“Other ways to stay active outside include sports like going for a walk in nature. (其他在户外保持活跃的方法包括运动，比如在大自然中散步)”建议去大自然中散步，后文“So it is worth taking pictures and enjoying them. (所以拍照并欣赏它们是值得的)”提到值得拍照，因此E项“There is so much beauty, bright colors, and fresh air in winter. (冬季有如此多的美景、鲜艳的色彩和新鲜空气)”符合语境，描述冬季户外的特点，承接前文，后文与之构成因果关系。故选E。 5．前文“Fun indoor activities and exciting outdoor ones are equally beneficial to their health. (有趣的室内活动和令人兴奋的室外活动对他们的健康同样有益)”肯定室内外活动都对健康有益，因此B项“Both can be fun adventures. (两者都可以是有趣的冒险)”符合语境，进一步肯定两者都很有趣，承接前文，其中的Both指代前文的Fun indoor activities and exciting outdoor ones。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25高一下·辽宁·期末） When you have no motivation to complete a task or even start one, perform some behavioral experiments to see which strategies best help you reach your goals. Act as if you feel motivated 1 . Act as if you felt motivated, and your actions may change your emotions. For example, rather than sit on the couch in your pajamas (睡衣) all day waiting for motivation to strike, get dressed and get moving. You might find that taking action will increase your motivation, which makes it easier to keep going. 2 When you think you’re going to fail, argue all the reasons why you might succeed. Or when you think you can’t finish a job, list whatever shows you’ll be able to complete the task. 3 And you might find that developing a more balanced outlook will help you feel more motivated to try. Manage your to-do list Take a look at your to-do list, and determine if it’s too long. If so, get rid of tasks that aren’t essential. See if other tasks can be moved to a different day. Prioritize (优先处理) the most important things on the list, and move those to the top. You might find a slight change in your to-do list will help you to see your tasks as more manageable. 4 Go for a walk in nature Fresh air, a change of scenery, and a little exercise can do wonders for your motivation. Walking in nature can be especially beneficial. 5 . Being surrounded by nature can provide the mental escape you need to return to your project feeling more motivated than before. A．Argue the opposite B．Practice self-criticism C．In that way, you can see both sides of the problem D．As a result, you might feel more motivated to get to work E．You may trick yourself into feeling motivated by changing your behavior F．Change your mood by adding a little fun to something you’re not motivated to do G．So rather than walk down a crowded street, go to the park or a botanical garden instead 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了激发动力去完成或开始一项任务的行为实验，以帮助你实现目标。 1．该空位于“Act as if you feel motivated(表现得好像你有动力一样)”这一部分的开头，以及后文“Act as if you felt motivated, and your actions may change your emotions. For example, rather than sit on the couch in your pajamas (睡衣) all day waiting for motivation to strike, get dressed and get moving. ( 表现得好像你有动力一样，你的行为可能会改变你的情绪。例如，与其整天穿着睡衣坐在沙发上等待动力来袭，不如穿上衣服，行动起来。)”提到表现得好像你有动力，你的行为可能会改变你的情绪，并举例说明通过行动（穿好衣服、行动起来）能增加动力。E选项“You may trick yourself into feeling motivated by changing your behavior.(你可以通过改变行为来骗自己感到有动力。)”与后文的“行为改变情绪/动力”相呼应，引出这一策略的核心。故选E。 2．此处需要填该部分的小标题。根据下文“When you think you’re going to fail, argue all the reasons why you might succeed. Or when you think you can’t finish a job, list whatever shows you’ll be able to complete the task.( 当你觉得自己要失败的时候，找出所有你可能成功的理由。或者当你认为你不能完成一项工作时，列出任何显示你能完成任务的东西。)”可知，主要讲的是反向思考，建议从相反的角度进行论证。A 选项“Argue the opposite(从相反角度论证)”准确概括了这一内容，适合作为该段的小标题。故选 A。 3．根据前文“When you think you’re going to fail, argue all the reasons why you might succeed. Or when you think you can’t finish a job, list whatever shows you’ll be able to complete the task.( 当你觉得自己要失败的时候，找出所有你可能成功的理由。或者当你认为你不能完成一项工作时，列出任何显示你能完成任务的东西。)”讲的是从正反两方面看待问题（失败时想成功的理由，完不成时想能完成的证据），C选项“In that way, you can see both sides of the problem.(这样，你就能看到问题的两面。)”承接上文，说明这种做法的效果，符合逻辑。故选C。 4．该部分围绕“Manage your to-do list(管理待办清单)”展开，以及上文“If so, get rid of tasks that aren’t essential. See if other tasks can be moved to a different day. Prioritize (优先处理) the most important things on the list, and move those to the top. You might find a slight change in your to-do list will help you to see your tasks as more manageable.( 如果是这样，就把那些不重要的任务丢掉。看看其他任务是否可以挪到其他日子。把清单上最重要的事情按优先顺序排列，然后把它们排在最前面。你可能会发现在你的任务清单上做一个小小的改变会帮助你看到你的任务更容易管理。)”提到精简清单、优先处理重要任务，会让人觉得任务更容易管理。D选项“As a result, you might feel more motivated to get to work.( 结果，你可能会更有动力去工作。)”是这种做法带来的结果，与前文“任务更易管理”衔接自然。故选D。 5．该部分主题是“Go for a walk in nature(去大自然中散步)”，以及前文“Walking in nature can be especially beneficial.( 在大自然中散步尤其有益。)”说 在大自然中散步特别有益，后文“Being surrounded by nature can provide the mental escape you need to return to your project feeling more motivated than before.( 置身于大自然之中可以让你在精神上得到解脱，让你比以前更有动力地回到工作中。)”提到被大自然包围能提供精神上的放松。G选项“So rather than walk down a crowded street, go to the park or a botanical garden instead.( 所以，与其在拥挤的街道上散步，不如去公园或植物园。)”具体说明了去大自然中散步的场所，承接上文“大自然中散步有益”，并与后文“被大自然包围”呼应。故选G Passage 5 （24-25高一下·内蒙古通辽·期末） Often times, doing things in a more sustainable way means doing them the old-fashioned way-for example, hanging clothes on a line instead of running the dryer. Making small changes to our routines can pay off big in various ways: helping the planet while saving you time, money, or both. 1 We hope you’ll be surprised by how big a difference you can make with relatively little effort. Run the dishwasher. 2 Running a full dishwasher uses an average of 60 percent less energy than handwashing. If you don’t have a dishwasher, fill the sink with suds (肥皂泡沫) once instead of running the tap the whole time. That way, you’ll use about a fifth of the water. 3 Barbershops in North America produce a lot of waste. Some of that includes haircuts, which have a surprising variety of uses, among them absorbing oil spills and recycling into insulation (绝缘). See if your barbershop belongs to Green Circle Barbershop, which reclaims and repurposes a million pounds of beauty waste every year. Measure yourself. It may seem smart to order multiple sizes when shopping for clothes online, planning to return those that don’t fit. But the unfortunate reality is that many returned articles-even unopened ones-are discarded, not resold. 4 Forget fast fashion. By that, we basically mean cheap, trendy clothing you’ll find at stores that get new inventory every month. Most of the clothing created by these brands ultimately ends up in landfills: 5 Thankfully, there’s a growing club of companies that prioritize sustainability, producing fewer but longer-lasting articles, often made with organic or eco-friendly fabrics. A．Cut your hair less frequently. B．Do something different with your hair. C．Go ahead, let the household device do all the work. D．The average American throws away 82 pounds of it each year. E．Newer machines also use far less water, saving you money on both bills. F．With that in mind, we’ve had easy steps that will help you go the most distance. G．So, take your measurements and rely on size charts and customer reviews instead. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．B 4．G 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些有助于实现可持续生活的简单方法，如使用洗碗机、对理发店废弃物进行处理、合理网购衣物、拒绝快时尚等，通过这些小改变既能帮助地球又能节省时间和金钱。 1．根据上文“Making small changes to our routines can pay off big in various ways: helping the planet while saving you time, money, or both.(对我们的日常生活习惯做一些小改变可以在很多方面带来巨大回报：在帮助地球的同时，还能为你节省时间、金钱，或者两者兼得)”及后文各段的做法可知，选项承上启下，引出后文具体的可持续生活方法。故F选项“考虑到这一点，我们有一些简单的步骤，可以帮助你在可持续生活上取得很大进展” 符合语境，故选F。 2．根据上文“Run the dishwasher.(运行洗碗机)”下文“Running a full dishwasher uses an average of 60 percent less energy than handwashing.(使用满载的洗碗机比手洗平均节省 60% 的能源)” 可知，此处应鼓励使用洗碗机。故C选项“继续吧，让这个家用设备来做所有的工作” 符合语境，故选C。 3．根据下文 “Barbershops in North America produce a lot of waste. Some of that includes haircuts, which have a surprising variety of uses, among them absorbing oil spills and recycling into insulation (绝缘). See if your barbershop belongs to Green Circle Barbershop, which reclaims and repurposes a million pounds of beauty waste every year.(北美理发店产生大量废弃物。其中包括剪下来的头发，它们有令人惊讶的多种用途，包括吸收漏油和回收制成绝缘材料。看看你的理发店是否属于绿环理发店，这种理发店每年回收并重新利用 100 万磅的美容废弃物)” 可知，本段强调对理发店剪下的头发进行不同处理，即回收利用。故B选项“对头发做些不一样的处理” 符合，作为小标题概括该段内容，故选B。 4．根据上文“It may seem smart to order multiple sizes when shopping for clothes online, planning to return those that don’t fit. But the unfortunate reality is that many returned articles - even unopened ones - are discarded, not resold.(在网上购买衣服时订购多个尺码，计划退回那些不合身的衣服，这似乎很明智。但不幸的现实是，许多退回的物品 —— 即使是未开封的 —— 都会被丢弃，而不是重新出售)” 可知，承接前文，给出避免因购买多个尺码衣服造成浪费的方法。G选项“所以，量一下你的尺寸，转而依靠尺码表和顾客评价” 符合语境，故选G。 5．根据上文“Most of the clothing created by these brands ultimately ends up in landfills:(这些品牌生产的大多数服装最终都进了垃圾填埋场)” 可知，此处应进一步说明美国人丢弃快时尚服装的情况。故D选项“平均每个美国人每年扔掉 82 磅这样的衣服” 符合语境，故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 七选五 参考答案 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1：1．C 2．B 3．D 4．G 5．F Passage 2：1．F 2．E 3．B 4．D 5．G 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1：1．F 2．E 3．B 4．A 5．D Passage 2：1．G 2．C 3．A 4．F 5．E Passage 3：1．A 2．G 3．E 4．C 5．D Passage 4：1．G 2．F 3．C 4．A 5．E Passage 5：1．C 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．B Passage 6：1．F 2．C 3．A 4．E 5．G 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1：1．G 2．D 3．E 4．C 5．F Passage 2：1．F 2．C 3．E 4．D 5．G 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1：1．G 2．E 3．A 4．C 5．F Passage 2：1．C 2．F 3．D 4．A 5．G Passage 3：1．A 2．D 3．C 4．E 5．B Passage 4：1．E 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．G Passage 5：1．F 2．C 3．B 4．G 5．D / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $