Unit7定语从句讲解与练习-2025-2026学年冀教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语单元知识清单聚焦Unit7中that/which引导的定语从句，涵盖基础认知、用法详解、核心考点、易错点分析及解题技巧，搭建从概念理解到考点突破再到应用实践的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“分情况用法+核心考点分类+易错点口诀”构建知识体系，如明确“只能用that的5类高频考点”并标注单选/填空重点，“作主不能省，作宾可省略”口诀助学生快速判断关系代词省略，结合课本原句归纳与三步解题法，培养语言能力和思维品质。巩固练习含选词填空、句子合并等多题型，适配不同学习需求，教师可直接用于课堂教学与课后巩固，提升教学实效。

Unit7 The value of money定语从句讲解与练习 that/which引导的定语从句 一、基础认知 *which:仅指代物,不指人 *that:可指代人 + 物 *句子结构:先行词表(人或物的名词/代词）+ that/which +定语从句 *成分作用:二者均可在从句中作主语或宾语。 二、分情况用法详解 （一）在从句中作主语 规则：关系代词不可省略，从句谓语动词单复数由先行词决定。 1. that 作主语 例句（课本同源）： There are many things that are even more valuable than money. 有很多比金钱更珍贵的东西。 （that 指代 things,从句作主语,不可省） 2. which 作主语 The bag which lies on the desk is mine.桌上的那个包是我的。 （which 指代bag,从句作主语,不可省） （二）在从句中作宾语 规则：关系代词可以省略，口语、书面表达中常省略。 1. that 作宾语 例句（课本原句）： Money is something (that) we use to buy things. 钱是我们用来买东西的物品。 （that 指代something,作use的宾语,可省略） 2. which 作宾语 This is the pen (which) I bought yesterday. 这就是我昨天买的钢笔。 （which 指代pen,作bought的宾语,可省略） 三、核心考点:只能用 that,不能用 which 的情况（高频单选/填空） 考试重中之重,共5类,必记： *先行词为不定代词 常见词：something, anything, nothing, everything, all, little, much, none 等 例：Is there anything that I can do for you? *先行词被最高级、序数词修饰 标志词：the best, the tallest（最高级）；the first, the last（序数词） 例：This is the most useful book that I have read. *先行词被 the only, the very, the just 等修饰 例：The only thing that I need is time.（本单元高频句） *先行词同时包含人+物 例：We talked about the people and places that we visited. *主句是以 who/which 开头的特殊疑问句（避免重复） 例：Which is the book that you like best? 四、补充考点:只能用 which,不能用that的情况 *关系代词前有介词时,介词后只用 which 结构:介词 + which（不能用 that） 例：This is the room in which we lived. *非限制性定语从句（从句前后有逗号,起补充说明作用),只用which,不用that 例：The book, which you gave me, is very interesting. 五、易混易错点（扣分重灾区） 易错 1：能否省略判断 口诀：作主不能省,作宾可省略 从句缺少主语 → that/which 必留 ❌ The book is on the desk is new. ✅ The book that/which is on the desk is new. 从句主谓宾完整 → that/which 作宾语,可删 ✅ The book (that/which) I bought is new. 易错 2：主谓一致 从句谓语动词跟随先行词,和 that/which无关 单数先行词→谓语单数:The box that is red is big. 复数先行词→谓语复数:The boxes that are red are big. 易错 3：固定搭配误区 本单元短语 be valuable than... 搭配定语从句时,不要混淆先行词： ✅ There are many things that are more valuable than money. 六、本单元课本原句归纳（背诵 + 仿写） Money is something (that) we use to buy things. （that 指代物,作宾语，可省略） There are many things that are even more valuable than money. （that 指代物,作主语,不可省略） The only thing that I want is happiness. （先行词被 the only 修饰,只用 that） 七、解题三步法（做题通用技巧） 找先行词:确定修饰的是人还是物（人优先 that，物可用 that/which）； 看从句成分:判断关系代词作主语还是宾语,确定能否省略； 查特殊限制:核对是否有不定代词、最高级、介词、逗号等,判断只能用that/which 【巩固练习】 一、选词填空 选择 that / which 填空。 1. Money is something ______ we use to buy all kinds of things. 2. There are many things ______ are more valuable than money. 3. This is the new wallet ______ my father bought me last week. 4. The story ______ you told me just now is very meaningful. 5. All ______ you need is a kind heart and enough courage. 6. This is the best gift ______ I have ever received. 7. The only thing ______ makes me happy is staying with my family. 8. The book ______ lies on the desk talks about the value of money. 9. Is there anything ______ you want to share with us? 10. The bag ______ has a red flower is my sister’s. 11. We are talking about the stories ______ happened in our school. 12. The first lesson ______ we learned this term is about money. 13. The pen ______ I lost yesterday was found this morning. 14. Nothing ______ he said can change my idea. 15. The box ______ is full of old photos is very important to me. 二、单项选择 1.This is the book ______ tells us how to use money wisely. A. who B. that C. what D. whose 2.The thing ______ I like most is reading in my free time. A. which B. who C. when D. where 3.All ______ you do should be helpful to others. A. which B. who C. that D. what 4.This is the most beautiful picture ______ I have seen. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 5.The only present ______ I got on my birthday is a notebook. A. which B. who C. that D. when 6.The wallet ______ is on the sofa isn’t mine. A. that B. who C. what D. whose 7.Is there anything ______ you don’t understand? A. which B. that C. who D. where 8.The stories ______ my grandma tells are always interesting. A. / B. what C. who D. when 9.The first movie ______ I watched this year was about friendship. A. which B. who C. that D. whose 10.We dislike the words ______ hurt others’ feelings. A. that B. who C. when D. where 11.This is the chair ______ my grandfather made years ago. A. which B. who C. what D. whose 12.Nothing ______ he did was wrong in my opinion. A. which B. who C. that D. when 13.The toys ______ are in the box are for the little kids. A. who B. that C. what D. whom 14.This is just the thing ______ I am looking for. A. which B. who C. that D. where 15.The songs ______ we listened to last night sound great. A. / B. what C. who D. when 16.Which is the bike ______ you bought last month? A. which B. that C. who D. whose 17.The house ______ stands at the street corner is very old. A. who B. which C. what D. whom 18.There are few books ______ can help you solve this problem. A. which B. who C. that D. when 19.The advice ______ the teacher gave us is very useful. A. / B. what C. who D. where 20.The biggest problem ______ we face now is not money. A. which B. that C. who D. whose 三、合并句子 将两个句子合并为含有 that/which 引导的定语从句的复合句。 示例：This is a pen. I bought it yesterday. → This is the pen (that/which) I bought yesterday. 1.This is a story. The story is about the value of money. _____________________________________________________________ 2.I like the bag. You gave me the bag last week. _____________________________________________________________ 3.There are some books. The books are on the shelf. _____________________________________________________________ 4.This is the best film. I have ever watched it. _____________________________________________________________ 5.The thing is a diary. I found the thing under the bed. _____________________________________________________________ 6.All the ideas are good. You came up with the ideas. _____________________________________________________________ 7.The box is heavy. The box is full of old books. _____________________________________________________________ 8.This is the only answer. I can think of the answer. _____________________________________________________________ 9.The letter is from my friend. The letter lies on the desk. _____________________________________________________________ 10.We enjoy the music. The music makes us relaxed. _____________________________________________________________ 四、句子翻译 A.英译汉: 1.Money is something that we need in our daily life. _____________________________________________________________ 2.There are many things which are more important than money. _____________________________________________________________ 3.This is the gift that my mother prepared for me. _____________________________________________________________ 4.The book which you lent me is very educational. _____________________________________________________________ 5.All that he told us is true. _____________________________________________________________ 6.This is the most meaningful story that I have read. _____________________________________________________________ 7.The only thing that I care about is my family. _____________________________________________________________ 8.Is this the pen which you lost yesterday? _____________________________________________________________ 9.The clothes that are on the chair are my new clothes. _____________________________________________________________ 10.Nothing that he said could make me change my mind. _____________________________________________________________ B.汉译英: 1.这是我昨天买到的钱包。 _____________________________________________________________ 2.那些比金钱更珍贵的东西值得我们珍惜。 _____________________________________________________________ 3.这是我看过的最精彩的短片。 _____________________________________________________________ 4.桌子上的那本书是关于金钱观的。 _____________________________________________________________ 5.我唯一想要的东西就是快乐。 _____________________________________________________________ 6.他刚才说的话让我深受感动。 _____________________________________________________________ 7.放在角落的箱子装满了旧物件。 _____________________________________________________________ 8.这是我们本周学到的第一个语法知识点。 _____________________________________________________________ 9.你正在寻找的那支钢笔在这里。 _____________________________________________________________ 10.世间所有能带给我们温暖的事物都很宝贵。 _____________________________________________________________ Keys 一、选词填空 1. (that) 2. that/which 3. (that/which) 4. (that/which) 5. that 2. that 7. that 8. that/which 9. that 10. that/which 3. that/which 12. that 13. (that/which) 14. that 15. that/which 二、单项选择 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.C6.A 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.A 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.A16.B 17.B 18.C 19.A 20.B 三、合并句子 1. This is the story that/which is about the value of money. 2. I like the bag (that/which) you gave me last week. 3. There are some books that/which are on the shelf. 4. This is the best film that I have ever watched. 5. The thing (that/which) I found under the bed is a diary. 6. All the ideas (that) you came up with are good. 7. The box that/which is full of old books is heavy. 8. This is the only answer that I can think of. 9. The letter that/which lies on the desk is from my friend. 10. We enjoy the music that/which makes us relaxed. 4、 句子翻译 A.英译汉 1. 钱是我们日常生活中所需要的东西。 2. 有许多东西比金钱更重要。 3. 这是妈妈为我准备的礼物。 4. 你借给我的这本书很有教育意义。 5. 他告诉我们的一切都是真实的。 6. 这是我读过的最有意义的故事。 7. 我唯一在乎的是我的家人。 8. 这是你昨天弄丢的那支钢笔吗？ 9. 椅子上的衣服是我的新衣服。 10. 他说的任何话都不能让我改变主意。 B.汉译英 1. This is the wallet (that/which) I bought yesterday. 2. The things that/which are more valuable than money are worth cherishing. 3. This is the most wonderful short film that I have ever seen. 4. The book that/which is on the desk is about the view of money. 5. The only thing that I want is happiness. 6. The words (that/which) he said just now moved me a lot. 7. The box that/which is in the corner is full of old things. 8. This is the first grammar point that we have learned this week. 9. The pen (that/which) you are looking for is here. 10. All the things that can bring us warmth in the world are precious. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $