Unit 8 Making a Difference 主题完形填空和阅读理解 专项练 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 以“Making a Difference”为主题，整合完形填空与阅读理解，通过语篇解析系统提炼语境理解、逻辑推理及信息定位技巧，构建“主题-方法-能力”三维训练体系，培育语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|3篇30题（Lily募捐等）|上下文语境分析、词汇辨析、逻辑关系（转折/因果）|以“个人善举”为主线，从计划实施到感悟，语篇难度递进| |阅读理解|3篇15题（志愿者辅导等）|指代定位、细节比对、主旨归纳|围绕“社会贡献”，涵盖项目介绍、活动海报、创新案例，考查信息提取与推理|

Unit 8 Making a Difference 主题完形填空和阅读理解 专项练 2025-2026学年下学期初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 Lily was a warm-hearted girl and always wanted to help others. One day, she learned that some children in her town didn’t have enough food. She decided she had to do something 1 . Lily talked to her friends. Together, they 2 a plan. They would hold a food drive to ask people in the town to donate food. They made posters and put them up around the 3 . At first, not many people responded. Lily felt a little upset, but she didn’t give up. She and her friends kept asking. 4 , some families began to donate rice, bread, and vegetables. Every time someone brought food, Lily’s heart felt a little 5 . On Saturday, Lily and her friends set up a table in the town park. People came with bags full of 6 . Some even brought toys and storybooks for the children. Everyone felt 7 as they smiled and talked. It felt like a small festival. 8 not everyone could come to the park, Lily didn’t want to leave anyone out. So she and her friends walked through every street in their neighborhood. They knocked on doors and politely asked for donations. They 9 people, “Even a little can help a lot.” After a week of hard work, they took the food they had collected to the local community center and met the children, whose faces lit up with smiles. Seeing how their 10 made a difference, Lily and her friends learned that helping others isn’t always easy, but it’s worth it. They promised to keep trying: 1．A．difficult B．meaningless C．educational D．helpful 2．A．gave up B．put off C．thought of D．looked into 3．A．hospital B．neighborhood C．school D．building 4．A．Unluckily B．Slowly C．Seriously D．Immediately 5．A．lighter B．heavier C．darker D．calmer 6．A．money B．clothes C．food D．water 7．A．painful B．joyful C．peaceful D．careful 8．A．Although B．When C．If D．Because 9．A．reminded B．warned C．required D．ordered 10．A．words B．hopes C．dreams D．efforts 先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I went to a blood drive held at a church recently. I arrived early to be first because I knew it would take a while. After getting my pulse (脉搏) and blood pressure 11 , a young woman walked me to the donor area. While she was getting the things ready, we talked about the weather. I also told her that the only pain I really got from 12 blood was later when I pulled the tape bandage (绷带) off my hairy Italian arms. While I was talking, 13 , I was feeling a gentle urge in my heart to say something else. Finally I stopped talking and said to the young woman: “I’m 14 for all the hard work you guys put in. You really are saving lives!” She looked 15 for a second, blinking back tears. “Thank you”, she said. “No one ever says that.” It seemed my simple words had deeply 16 her heart. Later after I had finished donating, I saw the woman working with another donor and we waved and shared a 17 before I headed home. I left the church with a clear head and a happy heart. I was glad I’d followed my inner 18 . Henry James wrote: “Three things in human life are important. The first is to be kind. The second is to be kind. The third is to be kind.” His words 19 us of the power of kindness. If you feel the gentle urge within to say or do something kind then, don’t hold back. God wants you to do them. God’s love lives deep within all of our souls. We are here to spread joy and make this world a better place with everything we say and everything we do. May we always try our best to act 20 and bring warmth to people around us. 11．A．checked B．felt C．treated D．saved 12．A．giving B．lending C．offering D．donating 13．A．however B．instead C．therefore D．besides 14．A．helpful B．polite C．careful D．grateful 15．A．angry B．surprised C．bored D．tired 16．A．broken B．won C．touched D．closed 17．A．secret B．promise C．kiss D．smile 18．A．voice B．fear C．dream D．goal 19．A．remind B．remember C．respect D．review 20．A．quietly B．bravely C．kindly D．patiently 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Orion Jean is a 10-year-old boy from Texas, America. He is making a difference in the world with his kind actions. What makes Orion 21 ? Last year, when a teacher told him about the National Kindness Speech Competition, Orion fell in love with it. At first, Orion had only 24 22 to get ready for his speech. In it, he 23 the importance of kindness. “Kindness is like giving hugs around the world to those who need it.” Orion said, “Let’s do 24 kind acts for others!” The listeners loved the speech 25 . Orion’s speech won the competition. He got 500 in prize money from the competition. He 26 it to start his first Race to Kindness project. He called his project the Race to Kindness. He collected 619 toys for the sick children at a local hospital. After that, Orion didn’t 27 there. Working with others, he packed meal bags for people in need with a 28 message in each bag. Orion also organized several 29 in his community. In all, he helped send more than 100,000 meals to families in Texas! Orion believes that no one wins this race. He says, “If you’ re kind to someone else, that can make them 30 kindness and make the world a better place.” 21．A．special B．clever C．silent D．friendly 22．A．months B．minutes C．hours D．days 23．A．thought about B．worried about C．heard about D．talked about 24．A．light B．big C．small D．heavy 25．A．deeply B．highly C．widely D．finally 26．A．checked B．donated C．used D．returned 27．A．stop B．break C．cooperate D．reach 28．A．cheap B．kind C．right D．clear 29．A．meals B．events C．families D．conversations 30．A．go on B．pass on C．fall on D．turn on 二、阅读理解 Each September, as a new school year begins, students in blue vests(背心) gather in the canteen of Shaoxing University in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Standing behind tables, they invite freshmen to join a volunteer tutoring(辅导) program. The program provides free academic (学术的) support for children from poor families, particularly those with disabilities. The tutoring program has a history of nearly 30 years. It was launched by students in the hope of giving back to society through knowledge. So far, it has contributed a total of 27,000 service hours, helping over 200 families and tutoring more than 700 children. Yang Xi is one of the volunteers. “I feel a deep sense of achievement because I can put what I’ve learned into practice in real-life situations,” she said. Yang studies English education at university. She uses creative teaching methods to help those kids. For example, one student has a great love for painting, so she creates special cards to make English words easier to remember. What’s more, whenever her students answer correctly, she praises them sincerely. The program not only helps children improve their studies, but also cares for their mental health. While tutoring, volunteers write down important moments. At the end of each term, these notes are collected and turned into special gifts for the children. Yang finds these notes meaningful because they record how she and her students have been growing together. “Watching you overcome difficulties has been a valuable lesson for me,” Yang Xi wrote in a note to her students. Through this program, university students like Yang Xi share their knowledge while also spreading warmth and hope. It is a beautiful cycle of learning and caring. 31．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．The freshmen in the university. B．The children from poor families. C．The retired teachers in the university. D．The students in blue vests from the program. 32．Which of the following is TRUE about the tutoring program? A．It was set up less than 10 years ago. B．It gives free academic support to kids in need. C．It only helps children with their physical health. D．It has helped more than 1,000 disabled families. 33．What do we know about Yang Xi? A．She is good at painting. B．She teaches English in a primary school. C．She uses creative ways to teach students. D．She thinks tutoring is a waste of time. 34．What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us? A．How volunteers offer mental support. B．When volunteers meet the children. C．Why the program needs more volunteers. D．What the children learn from the volunteers. 35．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To explore the meaning of volunteering. B．To introduce a volunteer tutoring program. C．To call on students to attend Shaoxing University. D．To share ways to help those students in need. 36．What is the activity in the poster? A．A school sports meeting. B．A beach clean-up event. C．A music festival. D．A food fair. 37．How long will the activity last? A．One hour. B．Two hours. C．Three hours. D．Four hours. 38．Where should volunteers meet? A．At the school gate. B．In front of the Beach Visitor Centre. C．At the Students’ Union Office. D．At the bus station. 39．How can people contact the organizer? A．By writing a letter. B．By asking the teacher. C．By visiting the website. D．By calling 8276-5555 or sending an email. 40．Which of the following is TRUE according to the poster? A．Volunteers must bring their own trash bags and drinking water. B．Volunteers should bring single-use plastic items. C．Lots of sea creatures lose their lives because of plastic pollution. D．Volunteers won’t get any certificate after joining the event. After noticing that his keyboard playing calmed his noisy dog, Yuvi Agarwal, a 12-year-old boy from Houston, wondered if music could help comfort shelter (收容所) animals, too. So with support from his parents, he founded a nonprofit program Wild Tunes in 2023 to invite musicians to perform at animal shelters. So far, about 100 volunteers of all ages have played at nine shelters in cities including Houston and Denver. Yuvi explained that music could break through language barriers — even across species. At Denver Animal Shelter, he saw an old dog named Pituca become calm within minutes of his playing, and some animals even fall asleep. In Houston, a rescue dog called Penelope had refused to leave her cage to eat. After Yuvi played, she came out, kissed his face and touched his ears. Although music’s effect on humans is well-studied, its impact on animals remains unclear. Some research shows that classical music may help calm dogs in stressful places like animal shelters. However, experts like Dr. Lori Kogan say the evidence is still limited. “We want simple answers, like ‘music calms animals’, but it is more nuanced,” said Kogan, adding that many factors matter, such as the environment, the type of music, the volume, and the animal’s past experiences. She suggests trying music with your own pet — if it helps your pet relax, that’s good. Even though scientists are still debating, Yuvi believes music can comfort stressed animals. He plans to expand his nonprofit program across the country. Volunteers also benefit because they can play music or sing for a nonjudgmental audience. This helps build their confidence. Yuvi’s work shows that music’s calming power may work for animals too. 41．What made Yuvi start the program Wild Tunes? A．A strong interest in keyboard. B．A suggestion from his parents. C．A special experience with his own dog. D．An invitation from Houston and Denver. 42．What does the example of the rescue dog Penelope show? A．The dog loves to play with humans. B．The dog becomes even sleepier with music. C．The dog feels relaxed after listening to some music. D．The dog understands music better than other animals. 43．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．clear B．complex C．important D．surprising 44．How do volunteers benefit from Yuvi’s program? A．They get well-paid for their performances. B．They have more chances to play music or sing. C．They enjoy music’s calming effect on themselves. D．They become more confident by playing without judgement. 45．Which is the best title for the passage? A．A Music-related Job for Volunteers B．A Music Program for Stressed Animals C．A Debate over Music’s Effect on Animals D．An Opportunity to Realise a Teenager’s Dream 参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 D C B B A C B A A D 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 A D A D B C D A A C 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 A C D C A C A B B B 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 答案 D B C A B B C B D C 题号 41 42 43 44 45 答案 C C B D B 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．D 本文讲述了莉莉和朋友们为镇上食物不足的孩子们组织食物募捐活动的过程及感悟，强调了帮助他人虽不易但值得。 1．句意：她决定她必须做些有帮助的事。 根据上文“she learned that some children in her town didn’t have enough food”，莉莉得知镇上孩子没足够食物，所以要做有帮助的事，应选用helpful，表示 “有帮助的”。difficult“困难的”，meaningless“无意义的”，educational“有教育意义的”均不符合语境。 2．句意：他们一起想出了一个计划。 根据“a plan”，想出计划用thought of，give up“放弃”，put off“推迟”，look into“调查”均与想出计划无关。 3．句意：他们制作海报并把它们张贴在社区周围。 根据“put them up around the”，在社区周围张贴海报，neighborhood“社区”符合语境。hospital“医院”，school“学校”，building“建筑物”均不符合。 4．句意：慢慢地，一些家庭开始捐赠大米、面包和蔬菜。 根据“some families began to donate rice, bread, and vegetables”，一些家庭开始捐赠，是慢慢出现的情况，Slowly“慢慢地”符合语境。Unluckily“不幸地”，Seriously“严肃地”，Immediately“立刻”均不符合。 5．句意：每次有人带来食物，莉莉的心就感觉轻松一点。 根据语境，有人捐赠食物，莉莉心情会变好，感觉更轻松，lighter“更轻松的”符合语境。heavier“更重的”，darker“更黑暗的”，calmer“更平静的”均不符合。 6．句意：人们带着装满食物的袋子来了。 根据前文“They would hold a food drive to ask people in the town to donate food.”可知是募捐食物，所以人们带的是食物，food“食物”符合语境。money“钱”，clothes“衣服”，water“水”均不符合。 7．句意：每个人都面带微笑，交谈着，感觉很快乐。 根据“as they smiled and talked”，人们笑着交谈，感觉很快乐，joyful“快乐的”符合语境。painful“痛苦的”，peaceful“平静的”，careful“小心的”均不符合。 8．句意：虽然不是每个人都能来公园，莉莉不想落下任何人。 根据“not everyone could come to the park, Lily didn’t want to leave anyone out”，前后是转折关系，Although“虽然”符合语境，When“当……时候”，If“如果”，Because“因为”均不符合。 9．句意：他们提醒人们：“即使一点点也能帮上大忙。” 根据“Even a little can help a lot.”，他们提醒人们即使一点帮助也很大，remind“提醒”符合语境。warn“警告”，require“要求”，order“命令”均不符合。 10．句意：看到他们的努力产生了影响，莉莉和朋友们明白帮助别人并不总是容易的，但这是值得的。 根据“made a difference”，是他们的努力产生了影响，efforts“努力”符合语境。words“话语”，hopes“希望”，dreams“梦想”均不符合。 11．A 12．D 13．A 14．D 15．B 16．C 17．D 18．A 19．A 20．C 本文讲述作者参加献血活动，感谢工作人员辛勤付出，对方感动落泪，文章倡导我们要听从内心善意，善待他人，温暖世界。 11．句意：测完脉搏和血压后，一个年轻的女人带我走向捐赠区域。 根据“pulse and blood pressure”，体检指标需被“检查”，故checked符合语境。 12．句意：我也告诉她，我唯一感觉到的疼痛是在献血后当我撕掉绷带时它粘住了我多毛的意大利手臂。 根据“blood drive”以及下文“Later after I had finished donating”可知，是“献血”，donate blood为固定搭配。 13．句意：然而，当我说话时，我感到内心冲动，想说些别的。 根据前半句“While I was talking”和后半句“I was feeling a gentle urge in my heart to say something else.”可知，表面聊天内心却有冲动，前后句意是转折关系，however表转折。 14．句意：我对你们的辛勤工作很感激。 根据后文“Thank you”以及“You really are saving lives!”可知，此处是表达感谢，be grateful to表示感激。 15．句意：她愣了一瞬，强忍住泪水。 根据“No one ever says that”可知，没人说过这话，所以应该是感到意外惊讶，surprised符合语境。 16．句意：似乎我简单的话语深深打动了她的心。 根据“blinking back tears”可知，话语触动了情感，固定搭配“touch heart”表示感动。 17．句意：……在我回家之前，我们挥手并分享了一个微笑。 根据“we waved and shared a...”及友好氛围可知，陌生人之间通常是微笑表示友好，smile符合。 18．句意：我很高兴听从了内心的声音。 根据前文“urge in my heart”，可知，此处指内心的指引或声音，inner voice符合语境。 19．句意：他的话提醒我们善良的力量。 根据后半句“...the power of kindness.”可知，前面是要提醒人们善良的力量。“remind sb. of sth.”固定搭配，意为“提醒某人某事”。 20．句意：愿我们努力友善行事，给我们周围的人带来温暖。 根据全文主旨及Henry James名言“Three things in human life are important. The first is to be kind...be kind.”，可知，此处呼应善良的主题，kindly符合。 21．A 22．C 23．D 24．C 25．A 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．B 30．B 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国男孩Orion通过演讲和实际行动传播善意，帮助他人，让世界变得更美好的故事。 21．句意：什么让Orion变得特别？ 根据“He is making a difference in the world with his kind actions”可知，他用善行改变世界，这使他与众不同，变得“特别”，special（特别的）符合语境。 22．句意：起初，Orion只有24小时来准备他的演讲 根据“only”及准备演讲的实际情况推测，24 hours（24小时）是合理的时间。 23．句意：在演讲中，他谈论了善良的重要性。 根据“In it”指代演讲内容，在演讲中应该是“谈论”话题，talked about（谈论）符合演讲的场景。 24．句意：让我们为他人做一些小小的善事吧！ 根据语境，号召大家行善通常从力所能及的“小”事做起，积少成多，small kind acts（小小的善举）是常见搭配。 25．句意：听众深深地喜爱这个演讲。 根据“loved the speech”，修饰情感程度常用deeply表示“深深地”。 26．句意：他用这笔钱开始了他的第一个“善良竞赛”项目。 根据“to start his first... project”可知，他是“使用”奖金来启动项目，used sth. to do sth.（用某物做某事）符合语境。 27．句意：在那之后，Orion没有停在那里。 根据后文他继续打包食物、组织活动可知，他没有“停止”脚步，didn’t stop（没有停止）符合语境。 28．句意：每个袋子里都有一条善意的信息。 根据全文主题“Kindness”可知，袋子里的信息应该是“友善的”，kind message（善意的留言）符合主题。 29．句意：Orion还在他的社区组织了几场活动。 根据“organized”可知，通常搭配“组织活动”，events（活动）符合语境。 30．句意：这能让他们传递善良，让世界变得更美好。 根据“make the world a better place”可知，善良需要被“传递”下去才能影响世界，pass on（传递）符合语境。 31．D 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．B 本文介绍了绍兴大学一项有近30年历史的志愿者辅导项目，该项目为贫困及残疾儿童提供免费学业辅导与心理健康支持，并以志愿者杨溪为例，展现了项目的运作模式与意义。 31．根据第一段中“students in blue vests... gather in the canteen... Standing behind tables, they invite freshmen...”可知，这里的“they”指代前文提到的“students in blue vests”。 32．根据第一段最后一句“The program provides free academic support for children from poor families, particularly those with disabilities”可知，原文明确说明项目为有需要的孩子提供免费学术支持。 33．根据第三段“She uses creative teaching methods to help those kids”可知，杨溪使用创新教学方法辅导学生。 34．根据第四段“The program not only helps children improve their studies, but also cares for their mental health”可知，第四段主要讲志愿者如何通过记录成长提供心理支持。 35．全文围绕“志愿者辅导项目”展开，介绍其背景、历史、服务内容、志愿者案例，因此文章的核心写作目的是介绍这个志愿者辅导项目。 36．B 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．C 这是一张公益海滩清理活动的海报，介绍了活动的背景、时间地点、集合点、需携带物品、活动内容及联系方式，呼吁大家清理海岸垃圾、保护海洋。 36．根据海报标题下方第一行“A Charity Beach Clean-up Event”海报明确说明这是一场公益海滩清理活动（A beach clean-up event）。 37．根据原文“Time: 8:30 a.m.—11:30 a.m.”活动从上午8:30持续到11:30，时长为3小时（Three hours）。 38．根据原文“Meeting Point: In front of the Beach Visitor Centre”，海报明确标注集合点为海滩游客中心前（In front of the Beach Visitor Centre）。 39．根据原文底部“Contact: 8276-5555 or cleanthecoast@school.org”可知联系方式为电话和邮箱，D选项就是原文信息。 40．根据原文“Every year, over 8 million tons of plastic waste enter our oceans. Thousands of marine animals die from eating or being trapped in waste.”文中提到大量海洋生物因塑料污染死亡，对应选项C。选项A：海报说明“drinking water provided”和“we’ll provide trash bags”，无需自带垃圾袋和饮用水；选项B：海报要求“No single-use plastic items, please!”，禁止携带一次性塑料制品；选项D：活动会“Receive a certificate of participation”，参与者可获得参与证书。 41．C 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．B 本文主要讲述了12岁的男孩Yuvi Agarwal发现音乐能安抚自己的宠物狗，进而想知道音乐是否也能帮助收容所的动物。在父母支持下，他创立了“Wild Tunes”非营利项目，邀请音乐家到动物收容所表演。 41．根据第一段“After noticing that his keyboard playing calmed his noisy dog…he founded a nonprofit program Wild Tunes in 2023”可知，是他和自己的狗特殊经历促使他启动该项目。 42．根据第二段“In Houston, a rescue dog called Penelope had refused to leave her cage to eat. After Yuvi played, she came out, kissed his face and touched his ears”，这说明Penelope在听了音乐后变得放松了。 43．前文提到人们想要“音乐能安抚动物”这样的简单答案，但后文指出影响效果的因素很多 (环境、音乐类型、音量、动物过往经历)，说明实际情况并非单一简单，而是“微妙且复杂的”；因此“nuanced”在这里意为“复杂的、多方面的”，与“complex”同义。 44．根据最后一段“Volunteers also benefit because they can play music or sing for a nonjudgmental audience. This helps build their confidence.”可知，志愿者通过在无评判的环境中演奏，变得更加自信。 45．全文围绕Yuvi发起的Wild Tunes项目展开，核心主题是“用音乐帮助缓解收容所中压力较大的动物”，因此“A Music Program for Stressed Animals”最贴合文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $