专题08 阅读理解20篇（记叙文+议论文）（期末真题汇编，湖南专用）高一英语下学期

**基本信息** 精选2025年湖南多地高一下期末真题阅读理解20篇，涵盖记叙文（家庭关系、人物事迹等）与议论文（社会现象、文化心理等），主题贴近生活且兼具思想性，适配期末复习提升阅读能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|20篇（约80题）|生活故事（如家庭早餐改善亲子关系）、社会热点（如社交媒体与隐私）、文化传承（如敦煌文化交融）、心理分析（如外貌焦虑成因）|情境真实（医生Nasheng返乡服务案例），问题层次分明（细节题如"父亲为何缺席"到主旨题如"故事传达的沟通重要性"），契合高考阅读命题趋势|

专题08 阅读理解20篇（记叙文+议论文） Passage 1 （2025高一下·湖南长沙·期末）My father is a busy doctor. When I was in junior high, I used to complain that he never had time for me. He left home early and returned late, often missing family dinners. I felt ignored and sometimes even doubted if he cared. One Saturday morning, I woke up to the smell of food. I went downstairs and found my father in the kitchen, wearing an apron. “I thought we could have breakfast together,” he said, smiling. I was surprised — he usually worked on weekends. As we ate, he asked about my school, my friends, and my new hobby — painting. He listened carefully, nodding and asking questions. For the first time, I felt he was truly interested in my life. Then he shared stories from his own teenage years, something he rarely did. I learned that he had once dreamed of being an artist, but chose medicine to help people. That breakfast didn’t last long — he had to go to the hospital soon after. But it changed our relationship. I realized that his silence wasn’t a lack of love; it was exhaustion from long hours of work. From that day on, I made more effort to talk to him, even if just for a few minutes when he got home. Now, I understand that love isn’t always about big gestures; sometimes, it’s in a simple meal and a listening ear. 1．Why did the author feel ignored by his father? A．His father was too strict with him. B．His father never talked to him. C．His father was often absent because of work. D．His father preferred his sibling. 2．What made the author surprised that Saturday morning? A．His father cooked breakfast for the family. B．His father decided to change his job. C．His father gave him a gift concerning art. D．His father suggested eating out together. 3．What did the author learn about his father during the breakfast? A．His father used to want to be an artist. B．His father was good at sports in his youth. C．His father didn’t like being a doctor. D．His father cooked himself a lot as a teenager. 4．What is the main message of the story? A．Parents should spend more time at home to accompany their children. B．Understanding and communication can improve family relationships. C．Teenagers should help with housework to build a harmonious family. D．Doctors have the hardest jobs that steal their time with their beloved. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，通过描述作者与父亲因工作繁忙产生的隔阂，以及一次早餐对话后关系的改善，传达了家庭关系中理解和沟通的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“He left home early and returned late, often missing family dinners. I felt ignored and sometimes even doubted if he cared.(他早出晚归，常错过家庭晚餐，我感到被忽视甚至怀疑他是否关心我)”可知，作者因父亲常因工作缺席家庭活动而感到被忽视。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“I woke up to the smell of food. I went downstairs and found my father in the kitchen, wearing an apron. “I thought we could have breakfast together,” he said, smiling. I was surprised — he usually worked on weekends(我闻到食物香味醒来，下楼发现父亲穿着围裙在厨房，笑着说‘我们可以一起吃早餐’，我很惊讶——他通常周末工作)”可知，作者惊讶的原因是父亲在周末做了早餐，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Then he shared stories from his own teenage years... I learned that he had once dreamed of being an artist, but chose medicine to help people(他分享了年轻时的故事——我了解到他曾梦想成为艺术家，但选择医学帮助他人)”可知，作者了解到父亲年轻时想成为艺术家，故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第二段“I woke up to the smell of food. I went downstairs and found my father in the kitchen, wearing an apron. “I thought we could have breakfast together,” he said, smiling. I was surprised — he usually worked on weekends(我闻到食物香味醒来，下楼发现父亲穿着围裙在厨房，笑着说‘我们可以一起吃早餐’，我很惊讶——他通常周末工作)”、第三段“Then he shared stories from his own teenage years... I learned that he had once dreamed of being an artist, but chose medicine to help people(他分享了年轻时的故事——我了解到他曾梦想成为艺术家，但选择医学帮助他人)”以及最后一段“That breakfast didn’t last long — he had to go to the hospital soon after. But it changed our relationship. I realized that his silence wasn’t a lack of love; it was exhaustion from long hours of work. From that day on, I made more effort to talk to him, even if just for a few minutes when he got home. Now, I understand that love isn’t always about big gestures; sometimes, it’s in a simple meal and a listening ear(那顿早餐没持续多久——他很快就得去医院了。但这改变了我们的关系。我意识到，他的沉默并非源于缺少爱，而是长时间工作带来的疲惫。从那天起，我更主动地去和他交谈，哪怕只是在他回家时聊上几分钟。如今我明白了，爱并不总是需要轰轰烈烈的举动；有时，它藏在一顿简单的饭菜里，和一双倾听的耳朵中)”可知，文章通过一次早餐对话（父亲倾听作者生活、分享自己年轻时的梦想）改变了两人关系，最后点明“爱有时体现在简单的一餐和倾听中”，强调理解和沟通对家庭关系的改善作用。选项B“理解和沟通能改善家庭关系”概括了全文核心，故选B。 Passage 2 （2025高一下·湖南衡阳·期末）In the remote town of Yangla, nestled over 3,000 meters above sea level in the mountains of Diqing Tibetan autonomous prefecture, Yunnan province, 32-year-old doctor Nasheng is dedicated to providing healthcare to more than 5,400 villagers. Nasheng graduated in Tibetan medicine from Qinghai University. Her passion for the field was ignited not only by a childhood fascination with traditional healing but also by the healthcare challenges faced by her fellow villagers. “I saw how difficult it was for my family to access medical treatment in inland areas — long journeys, language barriers, and cultural differences made it even harder,” she said, noting that many elderly villagers speak only Tibetan. This motivated her to study Tibetan medicine and return to serve her hometown. When she arrived at the Yangla town health center in September 2021, she was struck by the isolation of the area. Although her hometown of Yunling is in the same county, getting to Yangla takes a grueling seven-to-eight-hour drive. As a young doctor at the health center, Nasheng has gained invaluable hands-on experience with each patient she treats. She clearly remembers her first patient — an elderly man with severely deformed joints-for whom she performed her first joint injection under her mentor’s guidance. “That moment made me realize just how much I still needed to learn in order to truly help people,” she said. During her time in Yangla, Nasheng has built a strong connection with the locals. One moment that stood out was when an 80-year-old villager gave her some loquats as a gift. “Fruit is scarce here — I’ve only ever seen apples and walnuts,” Nasheng said. “She had picked them from a town at a lower altitude, knowing we rarely get a break or the chance to buy things from outside.” Looking ahead, she hopes to continue her studies. “But no matter what, I’ll always come back — this is my home.” 1．What motivated Nasheng to serve her hometown? A．The isolation of angla. B．Her passion for traditional healing. C．Yangla’s similar situation with Yuling. D．Her family’s medical treatment experience. 2．Why is loquat mentioned in paragraph 6? A．To show the warmth of the villager. B．To imply how valuable it is as a gift. C．To reflect how scarce Fruit is in Yangla. D．To prove Nasheng’s bonds with the locals. 3．Which of the following can best describe Nasheng? A．Devoted and selfless. B．Brave and responsible. C．Confident and persistent. D．Traditional and optimistic. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The healthcare condition is poor in Yangla. B．Medical treatment is in urgent need in Yangla. C．Young doctor brings hope to isolated villagers. D．Young doctor devotes herself to medical treatment. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了乡村医生纳生在大学毕业后回到家乡偏远的阳拉村为就医困难的村民们带来医疗服务的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中““I saw how difficult it was for my family to access medical treatment in inland areas — long journeys, language barriers, and cultural differences made it even harder,” she said, noting that many elderly villagers speak only Tibetan. This motivated her to study Tibetan medicine and return to serve her hometown.(“我看到我的家人在内陆地区就医有多么困难——长途旅行、语言障碍和文化差异让就医变得更加困难，”她说，并指出许多老年村民只说藏语。这促使她学习藏医并回到家乡服务)”可知，Nasheng为家乡服务的动机是她家人的就医经历。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第六段中“One moment that stood out was when an 80-year- old villager gave her some loquats as a gift. “Fruit is scarce here — I’ve only ever seen apples and walnuts,” Nasheng said. “She had picked them from a town at a lower altitude, knowing we rarely get a break or the chance to buy things from outside.”(一个令人难忘的时刻是一位80岁的村民送给她一些枇杷作为礼物。“这里的水果很少见——我只见过苹果和核桃，”Nasheng说。“她是从海拔较低的一个镇上摘的，知道我们很少有机会休息或从外面买东西。”)”可推知，提到枇杷是为了展示村民的温暖。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段中“32-year-old doctor Nasheng is dedicated to providing healthcare to more than 5,400 villagers.(32岁的医生Nasheng致力于为5400多名村民提供医疗服务)”以及最后一段中“Looking ahead, she hopes to continue her studies. “But no matter what, I'll always come back- this is my home.”(展望未来，她希望继续学习。“但无论如何，我都会回来的——这是我的家。”)”可推知，Nasheng是一个无私奉献的人。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“32- year-old doctor Nasheng is dedicated to providing healthcare to more than 5,400 villagers.(32岁的医生Nasheng致力于为5400多名村民提供医疗服务)”结合文章主要讲述了一位年轻的医生Nasheng致力于为偏远山区的村民提供医疗服务的故事。可知，C选项“年轻医生给偏僻的村民带来希望”最符合文章主旨。故选C。 Passage 3 （2025高一下·湖南邵阳·期末）When wealthy people pass away, they usually leave instructions for what to do with the money or property that they leave behind. Often, the money and property go to their heirs (继承人). However, in some cases, rich pet owners leave their wealth to their pets after they die. For example, there is a poodle named Toby. When this poodle’s owner passed away, she left Toby 15 million pounds (about $25 million). Then there is Flossie, a yellow Lab mutt, who is not only rich, but is also famous. In 2001, Flossie made the headlines after she rescued her owner, the actress Drew Barrymore and Drew’s husband, from a house fire. To thank Flossie, Drew gave her house to Flossie. Of course, Drew repaired the fire damage first. Now, Flossie is the owner of a beautiful $3 million home. It may seem strange for a dog to own such an expensive home, but Flossie is not the only dog like that. Gunther IV, a German Shepherd, bought his home from Madonna and paid over $7 million for the house. However, this was no big deal for him because Gunther IV has about $200 million! This makes him the richest dog in the world. He inherited the money from his father, who was the heir to the fortune of a German countess. 1．What do wealthy people often leave behind when they pass away? A．Instructions for their pets. B．Instructions for their money or property. C．Instructions for their friends. D．Instructions for their employees. 2．How much money did the poodle Toby inherit from his owner? A．$15 million. B．$25 million. C．$7 million. D．$200 million. 3．How is Flossie’s home now? A．It was burnt down. B．It has been badly damaged. C．It is a newly-built house. D．It has been repaired. 4．Why was buying a $7 million house “no big deal” for Gunther IV? A．He earned the money himself. B．Madonna gave him the house for free. C．His owner paid for it. D．He was the richest dog in the world. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一些富有的宠物主人去世后将财富留给宠物的事例。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When wealthy people pass away, they usually leave instructions for what to do with the money or property that they leave behind.(当富人去世时，他们通常会留下关于如何处理他们留下的金钱或财产的指示)”可知，富人去世时通常会留下关于金钱或财产的处理指示。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For example, there is a poodle named Toby. When this poodle’s owner passed away, she left Toby 15 million pounds (about $25 million).(例如，有一只名叫Toby的贵宾犬。当这只贵宾犬的主人去世时，她留给Toby 1500万英镑（约合2500万美元）)”可知，贵宾犬Toby从主人那里继承了2500万美元。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To thank Flossie, Drew gave her house to Flossie. Of course, Drew repaired the fire damage first.(为了感谢Flossie，Drew把她的房子给了Flossie。当然，Drew首先修复了火灾造成的损坏)”可知，Flossie的家已经被修复了。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, this was no big deal for him because Gunther IV has about $200 million! This makes him the richest dog in the world.(然而，这对他来说没什么大不了的，因为Gunther IV拥有大约2亿美元！这使他成为世界上最富有的狗)”可知，购买700万美元的房子对Gunther IV来说“没什么大不了的”，因为他是世界上最富有的狗。故选D项。 Passage 4 （2025高一下·湖南永州·期末）In the remote town of Yangla, located over 3,000 meters above sea level in the mountains of Diqing Tibetan autonomous prefecture (自治州), Yunnan province, 32-year-old doctor Nasheng is devoted to providing healthcare to more than 5,400 villagers. Nasheng graduated in Tibetan medicine from Qinghai University. “I saw how difficult it was for my fellow villagers to gain medical treatment in inland areas — long journeys, language barriers, and cultural differences made it even harder,” she said. This inspired her to study Tibetan medicine and return to serve her hometown. When she arrived at the Yangla town in September 2021, she was struck by the condition of the area. “I have to cross Baima Snow Mountain and follow a winding path along the Jinsha River,” she recalled. She lives in a small room inside the inpatient ward (住院病房). But despite the challenges, she has never thought of giving up. As a young doctor at the health center, Nasheng has gained valuable hands-on experience under her mentor’s guidance. “That moment made me realize just how much I still needed to learn in order to truly help people,” she said. In addition to treating patients, Nasheng continues to advance her medical skills. In 2024, she pursued further training at the Tibetan Traditional Hospital, where she majored in therapies (疗法) such as bloodletting and Tibetan stick therapy. Looking ahead, she hopes to continue her studies. “I want to pursue a master’s degree and learn more about acupuncture (针灸) techniques,” she said. “But no matter what, I’ll always come back — this is my home.” 1．What made Nasheng want to study Tibetan medicine? A．Expectations from her family. B．Her love for Tibetan medicine. C．Healthcare difficulties faced by the villagers. D．Her desire to return to serve her hometown. 2．What challenges did Nasheng face when working in Yangla? A．Tough conditions. B．Language barriers. C．Cultural differences. D．Limited medical equipment. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Villagers can see a doctor conveniently. B．Nasheng doesn’t stop improving her medical skills. C．Nasheng gained valuable experience in the university. D．It is easy for Nasheng to communicate with the villagers. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Nasheng? A．Ambitious and creative. B．Cautious and caring. C．Devoted and determined. D．Selfless and outgoing. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。32岁的Nasheng医生在云南羊拉镇为村民提供医疗服务，因村民就医难学藏医，虽条件艰苦仍坚守，且不断提升医术。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“‘I saw how difficult it was for my fellow villagers to gain medical treatment in inland areas — long journeys, language barriers, and cultural differences made it even harder,’ she said. This inspired her to study Tibetan medicine(‘我看到乡亲们在内地就医有多难 —— 路途遥远、语言障碍和文化差异让这一切更难，’她说。这激励她学习藏医。)”可知，村民面临的医疗困境促使她学习藏医。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“‘I have to cross Baima Snow Mountain and follow a winding path along the Jinsha River,’ she recalled. She lives in a small room inside the inpatient ward.(‘我必须翻越白马雪山，沿着金沙江的蜿蜒小路前行，’她回忆道。她住在住院病房里的一个小房间里。)”可知，她在羊拉工作时面临艰苦的条件。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“In addition to treating patients, Nasheng continues to advance her medical skills. In 2024, she pursued further training at the Tibetan Traditional Hospital, where she majored in therapies such as bloodletting and Tibetan stick therapy.(除了治疗病人，Nasheng还继续提高自己的医疗技能。2024年，她在西藏传统医院接受了进一步的培训，在那里她主修放血和西藏棒疗法等疗法。)”及第六段“I want to pursue a master’s degree and learn more about acupuncture techniques,(我想攻读硕士学位，学习更多针灸技术，)”可知， Nasheng从未停止提升医疗技能。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“In the remote town of Yangla, located over 3,000 meters above sea level in the mountains of Diqing Tibetan autonomous prefecture, Yunnan province, 32-year-old doctor Nasheng is devoted to providing healthcare to more than 5,400 villagers.(在云南省迪庆藏族自治州海拔3000多米的偏远小镇羊拉，32岁的Nasheng医生致力于为5400多名村民提供医疗服务。）” 及第三段“But despite the challenges, she has never thought of giving up.（但尽管面临挑战，她从未想过放弃。)”可知，她敬业且坚定。故选C项。 Passage 5 （2025高一下·湖南郴州·期末）Valerie, a cute dachshund (腊肠犬), had an incredible adventure. She spent 529days all by herself on Kangaroo Island in Australia before finally being rescued, and her story captured the hearts of many people. Valerie made her escape during a camping trip with owners Georgia Gardner and her partner Josh Fishlock, dashing out of a pen (围栏) and straight into the bush. Her worried owners searched for days - across the large island, which covers more than 4,400 square kilometers of farms, nature reserves, and rock y cliffs. But they had no luck and finally gave up. The missing dachshund was not seen for more than a year,with many holding out little hope for her survival. Then, video cameras and locals began spotting her and volunteers launched a patient hunt for her. Volunteer searchers drove more than 5,000 kilometers and used cameras, traps and special food to attract her. But Valerie seemed to flee from people and cars. “Valerie seems impossible to trap,” a wildlife rescuer posted on social media last month. After spending more than 1,000 hours on the search, the volunteers finally succeeded. The wildlife rescue group was overjoyed and relieved to announce that Valerie was safe and sound. She would soon return to her loving owners. “Bred to be an independent hunter of dangerous prey, they can be brave to the point of rashness, and a bit stubborn,” the rescue group said. Valerie’ s owner Gardner said in a social media post she was “incredibly grateful” to the volunteers who helped find her dog. For anyone who’ s ever lost a pet, your feelings are valid and never give up hope. 1．What happened to Valerie during the camping trip? A．She fell off a rocky cliff. B．She was attacked by wild animals. C．She was left behind by her owners. D．She got lost after running out of a pen. 2．Why was it difficult for the volunteers to catch Valerie? A．She could hide in the thick bush easily. B．She was too fast for the volunteers to follow. C．She was accustomed to living alone on the island. D．She was so cautious that she always avoided people. 3．What can we infer from Gardner’s words on social media? A．Lost pets are often hunted in the wild. B．People should keep their pets at home. C．Never lose hope when pets go missing. D．Dachshunds are the bravest dog breed. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Dog’s Amazing Adventure B．Tips for Pet Protection C．The Efforts of Rescue Volunteers D．The Survival of Dachshunds 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述宠物犬Valerie和主人走失在澳大利亚的袋鼠岛上独自度过了529天后最终获救的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Valerie made her escape during a camping trip with owners Georgia Gardner and her partner Josh Fishlock, dashing out of a pen (围栏) and straight into the bush.(Valerie是在一次露营旅行中逃脱的，当时她和主人Georgia Gardner以及她的伴侣Josh Fishlock一起从围栏里跑出来，直接跑进了灌木丛里)”可知，Valerie在露营旅行中从围栏里跑出来后走丢了。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Volunteer searchers drove more than 5,000 kilometers and used cameras, traps and special food to attract her. But Valerie seemed to flee from people and cars.(志愿者们驱车5000多公里，用相机、陷阱和特殊食物来吸引她。但Valerie似乎在躲避人群和汽车)”可知，志愿者很难找到Valerie是因为它很谨慎，总是躲避人群，故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Valerie’ s owner Gardner said in a social media post she was “incredibly grateful” to the volunteers who helped find her dog. For anyone who’ s ever lost a pet, your feelings are valid and never give up hope.(Valerie的主人Gardner在社交媒体上发帖说，她“非常感谢”帮助找到她的狗的志愿者。对于那些曾经失去宠物的人来说，你的感觉是合理的，永远不要放弃希望)”可知，Gardner认为宠物丢失后不要放弃希望，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Valerie, a cute dachshund (腊肠犬), had an incredible adventure. She spent 529days all by herself on Kangaroo Island in Australia before finally being rescued, and her story captured the hearts of many people.(Valerie，一只可爱的腊肠犬，有一段不可思议的冒险。她在澳大利亚的袋鼠岛上独自度过了529天，最终获救，她的故事俘获了许多人的心)”可知，文章主要讲述宠物犬Valerie和主人走失在澳大利亚的袋鼠岛上独自度过了529天后最终获救的故事，A项“一只狗的奇妙冒险”最适合作为标题，故选A。 Passage 6 （2025高一下·湖南·期末）A faithful dog survived for over 10 weeks after her owner died unexpectedly while hiking in the Colorado Mountains. Up to now she has regained most of her weight lost during the suffering and is back on the hiking footpaths as usual. Rich Moore,71, of Pagosa Springs, Colorado, set out with his Jack Russell terrier (小猎狗) named Finney to climb Blackhead Peak on Aug.19, but didn’t return home. A days- long search between the peak and his vehicle was unsuccessful. The searchers were about to give up when a hunter found Rich’s body and Finney accompanying his owner in the San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado on October 30. Finney had lost about half her body weight and her ribs (肋骨) were visible. Three weeks later, “Finney is doing well,” said Moore’s wife, Dana Holby. “She has gained almost all of her weight back and her strength is almost where it was. She is a magical dog.” She does have an injury on her nose that might leave a scar. Holby added that Finney is now 3, very clingy, and will not let me out of her sight. Her great appetite has calmed down, but at first, she could not get enough to eat and wanted food at all times of the day and night. Finney’s survival story has made her famous on the hiking footpaths around Pagosa Springs. 1．How does the author start the passage? A．By describing a situation. B．By answering a question. C．By holding a conversation. D．By comparing different opinions. 2．What does the underlined word “clingy” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Smart. B．Gentle. C．Loyal. D．Dependent. 3．Why has Finney’s great appetite calmed down? A．She had a full stomach. B．She was born with magic. C．The scar on her nose disappeared. D．Her living environment became good. 4．What does the author want to tell us in the passage? A．Hiking is dangerous. B．Searchers are real heroes. C．A dog is man’s best friend. D．A good dog deserves a good bone. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一只名叫Finney的忠诚小狗在主人意外去世后，独自在科罗拉多山脉生存了超过10周的故事，展现了狗对主人的深厚情感和顽强生命力。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“A faithful dog survived for over 10 weeks after her owner died unexpectedly while hiking in the Colorado Mountains. Up to now she has regained most of her weight lost during the suffering and is back on the hiking footpaths as usual. (一只忠诚的狗在主人意外死于科罗拉多山脉徒步旅行后，存活了超过10周。到目前为止，她已经恢复了在苦难中失去的大部分体重，并像往常一样回到了徒步小径上。)”可知，作者通过描述一只忠诚的狗在主人去世后独自生存了10周的情景来开始这篇文章。故选A项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词所在句“Holby added that Finney is now 3, very clingy, and will not let me out of her sight. ( Holby补充说，Finney现在3岁了，非常clingy，不会让我离开她的视线。)”可知，Finney非常依赖Holby，不会让她离开自己的视线，因此“clingy”在这里的意思是“依赖的、粘人的”，与“Dependent”意义相近。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Her great appetite has calmed down, but at first, she could not get enough to eat and wanted food at all times of the day and night. (她旺盛的食欲已经有所减退，但起初，她怎么吃都吃不饱，一天到晚都想吃东西。)”可知，Finney一开始吃不饱，所以胃口很大，现在胃口减退下来，是因为她的生活环境变好了，能够吃饱了。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“A faithful dog survived for over 10 weeks after her owner died unexpectedly while hiking in the Colorado Mountains. (一只忠诚的狗在主人意外死于科罗拉多山脉徒步旅行后，存活了超过10周。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了一只忠诚的狗在主人去世后不离不弃，独自生存了10周的故事，展现了狗对主人的深厚情感和顽强生命力，因此作者想告诉我们的是“狗是人类最好的朋友”。故选C项。 Passage 7 （2025高一下·湖南长沙·期末）The message took me by surprise. It came from my Ph.D．adviser, asking me whether I’d apply for a fellowship (学术奖金) from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Two years earlier, I’d written a proposal for the very same award — a requirement for passing my Ph.D．qualifying exam. Before it, I’d never written a full research proposal. My adviser wanted me to come up with a brand-new project. The process was like figuring out how the pieces of a complex puzzle (拼图) should fit together. Finally, I focused on creating a secure proposal, with experiments that were almost guaranteed to be scientifically practical. The result was indeed like that, but far from creative. Eventually, I failed. On my second try, I squeaked (勉强通过) by. I was relieved, but the reviewers’ comments hurt me: my ideas weren’t novel and interesting. I awkwardly thanked people when they congratulated me, feeling insecure and defeated. In the following years, I focused on the lab experiments, and mastered new techniques. I gained the practice of submitting applications for several small grants (助学金). Bit by bit, I began seeing myself in a new light and trusting my decisions. So, when my adviser convinced me to apply for the NIH fellowship this time, I was determined not to play it safe and to create a more daring project. Despite old criticisms, I landed on a plan that built on the work I’d done but used fresh ideas. Regardless of whether my idea proved to be correct, I thought it was worth the effort. I’d seen my project indicate new research directions and push back the frontiers of my subject. Five months later, I prepared myself for heartbreak once again as I logged in. But amazingly, I secured the fellowship with great reviews. I can’t claim to have mastered the art of writing an NIII proposal. But the award empasized that avoiding negative reviewer comments shouldn’t be the only aim. Exciting projects, with daring ideas, are the ones that will move our science forward and awaken the curiosity of scientists. 1．Why did the author’s first proposal fail? A．It’s not complete. B．It’s not practical. C．It’s not creative. D．It’s too simple. 2．How did the author benefit from the lab experiments? A．They helped him to get his Ph.D． B．They helped to gain peer trust. C．They increased his self-confidence. D．They helped his second proposal pass. 3．Why did the author feel the project worth his effort? A．It expanded the boundaries in his field. B．It earned him some money over the years. C．It satisfied the requirements of NIH. D．It met the expectations of his adviser. 4．What does the author’s experience tell us? A．Stability wins the race. B．No daring step, no reward. C．Practice makes perfect. D．Opportunity rewards the ready. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在博士阶段申请美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）奖学金的经历——从初次尝试失败到重拾信心并最终获得奖学金。语篇鼓励考生培养科研精神，提高创新意识，敢于大胆尝试。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Before it, I’d never written a full research proposal. My adviser wanted me to come up with a brand-new project. The process was like figuring out how the pieces of a complex puzzle (拼图) should fit together. Finally, I focused on creating a secure proposal, with experiments that were almost guaranteed to be scientifically practical. The result was indeed like that, but far from creative. Eventually, I failed.(在此之前，我从未撰写过完整的研究计划书。我的导师要求我提出一个全新的项目。整个过程就像是要弄清楚复杂拼图的各个部分应该如何拼合在一起。最终，我专注于制定一份稳妥的计划书，其中包含的实验几乎可以肯定在科学上是可行的。结果确实如此，但远谈不上具有创新性。最终，我还是失败了)”可知，作者为获取博士资格写的第一个提案是可行的，但缺乏创新性，较为常规。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“I awkwardly thanked people when they congratulated me, feeling insecure and defeated. In the following years, I focused on the lab experiments, and mastered new techniques. I gained the practice of submitting applications for several small grants (助学金). Bit by bit, I began seeing myself in a new light and trusting my decisions.(当人们向我表示祝贺时，我笨拙地向他们道谢，内心既不安又沮丧。在接下来的几年里，我专注于实验室实验，并掌握了新的技术。我还积累了申请几项小额资助的经验。渐渐地，我开始以全新的视角看待自己，并开始相信自己的决定)”可知，实验室的实践经历让原本不自信的作者对自己有了新的看法，并开始相信自己的决策，这表明实验增强了他的自信心。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Regardless of whether my idea proved to be correct, I thought it was worth the effort. I’d seen my project indicate new research directions and push back the frontiers of my subject.(不管我的想法是否最终被证明是正确的，我都认为这都是值得付出努力的。我看到我的项目为新的研究方向指明了方向，并拓展了我所研究领域的边界)”可知，作者认为这个项目值得付出努力是因为它在领域内取得了突破，故选A。 4．推理判断题。文章讲述了作者从第一次用保守的项目提案申请美国国立卫生研究院奖学金未能通过，到后来用大胆的项目提案成功申请美国国立卫生研究院奖学金的经历。再结合最后一段作者的感悟“But the award empasized that avoiding negative reviewer comments shouldn’t be the only aim. Exciting projects, with daring ideas, are the ones that will move our science forward and awaken the curiosity of scientists.(但该奖项强调，避免负面评审意见不应成为唯一的追求目标。那些充满创新理念、令人兴奋的项目才是能够推动我们科学研究向前发展、激发科学家好奇心的项目)”可知，作者的经历告诉我们勇于创新，敢于冒险，才会有所收获。故选B。 Passage 8 （2025高一下·湖南·期末）German Sinologist Martin Woesler, who has devoted years to Chinese literature, recently visited Dunhuang, a historic Silk Road city in Gansu Province, China. His trip, part of attending the meeting — the Fourth Dialogue on Exchanges Among Civilizations (文明), became an unforgettable cultural discovery. Beforehand, Woesler had learned Dunhuang’s role as a desert oasis (绿洲), a treasure house of art, and crossroads of Silk Road cultures. Yet seeing it firsthand amazed him. Standing in front of the Mogao Grottoes, he was attracted by the mixed cultures in Cave 285. There, Greek gods Apollo and Diana, Chinese stories about Fuxi and Nyuwa, Indian Buddhist flying figures, and Daoist immortal beings all appear together in frescoes (壁画).“Different traditions come together here to make a 1,000-year-old wonder,” he said, amazed by Dunhuang’s spirit of inclusiveness. Woesler’s journey with Chinese culture began 38 years ago in his hometown of Münster, Germany, when a Chinese poem at a poetry reading awakened his curiosity. He devoted himself to narrowing the cultural gap between China and Germany. Then he studied at Peking University and spent over thirty years in China. As a translator and educator, he launched workshops to promote Chinese literature in Germany, aiming to address the imbalance in cultural translation — where far fewer Chinese works reach German readers compared to foreign ones in Chinese. Dunhuang’s experience also inspired his thoughts on digital-age dialogue. He believes technologies like digital protection and virtual (虚拟的) exhibitions can make ancient treasures accessible, helping people welcome differences with openness. “We can achieve win-win progress only by learning from each other,” he notes, stressing how Dunhuang’s age-old wisdom holds the key to modern global harmony. As his trip ended, Woesler carried away more than memories — he got renewed confidence in the power of civilizational dialogue. “Dunhuang is not just a place; it’s a lesson in how diversity can create something timeless,” he concludes, hoping its spirit will guide modern efforts to build a more connected world. 1．Why did Woesler visit Dunhuang? A．To explore the ancient Silk Road. B．To take part in a cultural exchange activity. C．To study the role of Dunhuang as a desert oasis. D．To launch cultural workshops on Chinese literature. 2．What impressed Woesler in Cave 285? A．The mystery of Chinese stories. B．The larger collection of foreign artworks. C．The peaceful coexistence of diverse cultures. D．The advanced digital protection technologies applied. 3．What did Woesler do to bridge China-German cultural divides? A．He translated German literature into Chinese. B．He promoted Chinese literature in Germany. C．He set up art workshops in Peking University. D．He teamed with educators to explore Chinese culture. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．The History of the Silk Road Art Treasures B．Digital Technology: Renewing Ancient Dunhuang C．A Journey to Dunhuang: Discovering Cultural Mix D．Martin Woesler’s Lifelong Study of Chinese Culture 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了德国汉学家Martin Woesler的敦煌之旅及他对当地文化融合的感悟。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“His trip, part of attending the meeting — the Fourth Dialogue on Exchanges Among Civilizations, became an unforgettable cultural discovery.(他的这次旅行是参加第四届文明交流对话会的一部分，成了一次难忘的文化发现)”可知，Woesler访问敦煌是为了参加一项文化交流活动。故选B。 2．细节理解题。 根据第二段中“There, Greek gods Apollo and Diana, Chinese stories about Fuxi and Nyuwa, Indian Buddhist flying figures, and Daoist immortal beings all appear together in frescoes (壁画). “Different traditions come together here to make a 1,000-year-old wonder,” he said, amazed by Dunhuang’s spirit of inclusiveness.(在那里，希腊神阿波罗和狄安娜、中国伏羲和女娲的故事、印度佛教飞天以及道教神仙都一起出现在壁画中。“不同的传统在这里汇聚，创造了一个有着1000年历史的奇迹，”他说，对敦煌的包容精神感到惊讶)”可知，Woesler在285窟被壁画中希腊神祇、中国传说人物等不同文化形象的共存所吸引，体现了多元文化的和谐交融。故选C。 3．细节理解题。 根据第三段中“As a translator and educator, he launched workshops to promote Chinese literature in Germany, aiming to address the imbalance in cultural translation — where far fewer Chinese works reach German readers compared to foreign ones in Chinese.(作为一名翻译家和教育家，他在德国开设了推广中国文学的研讨会，旨在解决文化翻译的不平衡问题——与外国作品进入中国相比，进入德国读者视野的中国作品要少得多)”可知，Woesler通过在德国举办工作坊推广中国文学来弥合中德两国的文化隔阂。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。结合第一段“German Sinologist Martin Woesler, who has devoted years to Chinese literature, recently visited Dunhuang, a historic Silk Road city in Gansu Province, China. His trip, part of attending the meeting — the Fourth Dialogue on Exchanges Among Civilizations, became an unforgettable cultural discovery.(德国汉学家Martin Woesler致力于中国文学研究多年，最近访问了中国甘肃省的历史名城敦煌。他的这次旅行是参加第四届文明交流对话会议的一部分，成为了一次难忘的文化发现之旅)”可知，文章主要围绕Woesler的敦煌之旅以及他在敦煌发现的文化融合展开。选项C“A Journey to Dunhuang: Discovering Cultural Mix(敦煌之旅：发现文化融合)”涵盖“旅程”和“文化和谐”两大核心，最贴合主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选C。 Passage 9 （2025高一下·湖南长沙·期末）A few years ago, I stood in a small classroom just outside of New York City, watching a high schooler named Serena Stevenson answer math questions. A teacher read out numbers — 74,470, 70,809 and 98,402 — and Stevenson added them in her head. For each question, she closed her eyes, and then the fingers of her right hand began to move. She answered most of the questions correctly. The key to her success was an ancient technology called the abacus (算盘). Stevenson used a practice called the “mental abacus”, imagining the abacus in her mind and then using her fingers to work out the problems. From watching Stevenson, I knew that acquiring a skill at the abacus was more than a matter of counting beads (珠子), so I decided to sign up for an abacus course with my two daughters to see if we could also improve our math skills. I was one of the many who had some math doubts and I felt a touch of fear. My normal solution was escape, and if I had to calculate something, I would go online. Then after a few abacus classes and a good amount of practice, math seemed a little less frightening. I didn’t become Euclid, founder of geometry (几何学), but the practice reduced my fear. Confidence grows easily on the device, and abacus students are less likely to be nervous about an upcoming math test, according to one study. Part of the reason, it seems, is that practice and results appear to go hand in hand. My kids gained much as well. My youngest daughter could work out those math problems that once confused her, while my older child took her abacus to school to show it to her classmates and teachers. These were just small successes for them, but that was how they finally developed confidence. 1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To prove the difficulty of math. B．To introduce the topic of the abacus. C．To show the cleverness of Stevenson. D．To stress the importance of abacus learning. 2．What do we know about the author from Paragraph 3? A．He was weak in math. B．He was good at computers. C．He regarded math as useful. D．He had a close relationship with kids. 3．What did the author realize from his learning experience? A．All roads lead to Rome. B．It’s never too late to learn. C．Faith can move mountains. D．Practice makes perfect. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Secret to My Success B．A Rough Ride — Learning Math C．The Power of Learning the Abacus D．The Abacus — an Ancient Technology 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和女儿通过学习算盘提升数学技能并增强自信的经历。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“A few years ago, I stood in a small classroom just outside of New York City, watching a high schooler named Serena Stevenson answer math questions. A teacher read out numbers — 74,470, 70,809 and 98,402 — and Stevenson added them in her head. For each question, she closed her eyes, and then the fingers of her right hand began to move. She answered most of the questions correctly. (几年前，我站在纽约市郊外的一间小教室里，看着一个名叫Serena Stevenson的高中生回答数学问题。老师念出一串数字——74,470、70,809和98,402——史蒂文森在脑海中将这些数字相加。对于每个问题，她都会闭上眼睛，然后右手的手指开始动起来。她大部分问题都答对了。)”和第二段“The key to her success was an ancient technology called the abacus (算盘). Stevenson used a practice called the “mental abacus”, imagining the abacus in her mind and then using her fingers to work out the problems. (她成功的关键是一种古老的技术——算盘。史蒂文森采用了一种名为‘珠心算’的练习方法，即在脑海中想象算盘，然后用手指来解决问题。)”可知，第一段的主要目的是引入算盘这一话题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“I was one of the many who had some math doubts and I felt a touch of fear. (我是那些对数学有疑问的人之一，我感到一丝恐惧。)”可知，作者数学不好。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Then after a few abacus classes and a good amount of practice, math seemed a little less frightening. I didn’t become Euclid, founder of geometry (几何学), but the practice reduced my fear. Confidence grows easily on the device, and abacus students are less likely to be nervous about an upcoming math test, according to one study. Part of the reason, it seems, is that practice and results appear to go hand in hand. (然而，在上了几节算盘课并进行了大量练习之后，数学似乎不再那么可怕了。我并没有成为几何学的创始人Euclid，但这种练习减轻了我的恐惧。据一项研究显示，在算盘上练习能很容易地增强自信，算盘学生对即将到来的数学考试也不太可能感到紧张。部分原因似乎是练习和成果是相辅相成的。)”可知，作者从自己的学习经历中意识到熟能生巧。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由第四段“Then after a few abacus classes and a good amount of practice, math seemed a little less frightening. I didn’t become Euclid, founder of geometry (几何学), but the practice reduced my fear. Confidence grows easily on the device, and abacus students are less likely to be nervous about an upcoming math test, according to one study. Part of the reason, it seems, is that practice and results appear to go hand in hand. (然而，在上了几节算盘课并进行了大量练习之后，数学似乎不再那么可怕了。我并没有成为几何学的创始人Euclid，但这种练习减轻了我的恐惧。据一项研究显示，在算盘上练习能很容易地增强自信，算盘学生对即将到来的数学考试也不太可能感到紧张。部分原因似乎是练习和成果是相辅相成的。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者和女儿通过学习算盘提升数学技能并增强自信的经历，强调了学习算盘的力量。选项C“The Power of Learning the Abacus (学习珠算的力量)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选C。 Passage 10 （2025高一下·湖南邵阳·期末）I was born with a rare disease that prevented the normal growth of my right arm. I was bullied(霸凌) at school. Those cruel comments won't affect me now, but back then they struck very hard. My parents realized playing with Lego was a great way to improve my flexibility, so they bought me a set when I was five. I built planes and cars, and even a prosthetic(假肢的) arm, though I had already decided I didn't need a prosthesis—they were very expensive, and I was doing just fine. I made one because it's fun. I have since made several new versions. And my latest model is the most advanced and comfortable. It has a control unit that can send and receive orders from sensors on the arm to the motors, with cables that contract like muscles. A lot of people don't have the resources to buy a prosthesis. I hate it when people have to pay up to 100,000 for a prosthesis. They shouldn't pay that much—it's not a luxury. My goal is to try to make some that more people can afford. When I was 19, the parents of an eight-year-old boy got in touch to ask if I could build him a prosthesis. His arms and legs are underdeveloped as part of his condition, so I made two prosthetic arms using Lego units costing only 15. His smile was very empowering(增强自信的) when he used them for the first time. To me, my creations don't necessarily tell the story of how I overcame my condition with Lego; they're about how I overcame bullying and being upset almost every day at school. 1．How did the author feel about his school experience? A．Encouraging. B．Tiring. C．Painful. D．Comfortable. 2．What is the author's main goal for making prostheses? A．To improve their function. B．To test their flexibility. C．To promote their luxury use. D．To reduce their cost. 3．What change does the author highlight from making prosthetics? A．He earned great fame. B．He found emotional relief. C．He cured his disability. D．He improved his grades. 4．What kind of person is the author? A．Sympathetic and creative. B．Outgoing and adaptable. C．Patient but aggressive. D．Ambitious but proud. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者天生患有罕见疾病，导致右臂无法正常生长，在学校遭受霸凌。后来父母让他玩乐高，他因此制作出假肢，不仅自己使用，还帮助他人制作低成本假肢，在这个过程中，他克服了霸凌带来的痛苦，获得了情感上的慰藉。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“I was bullied (霸凌) at school. Those cruel comments won't affect me now, but back then they struck very hard(我在学校被霸凌过。那些残酷的评论现在不会影响我，但当时它们的打击非常大)” 可知，作者在学校遭受霸凌，当时那些残酷的评论对他打击很大，由此可推断他的学校经历是痛苦的。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“A lot of people don’t have the resources to buy a prosthesis. I hate it when people have to pay up to ￡100,000 for a prosthesis. They shouldn't pay that much—it's not a luxury. My goal is to try to make some that more people can afford(很多人没有资金购买假肢。我讨厌人们不得不为一个假肢支付高达10万英镑的费用。他们不应该付那么多钱 —— 这不是奢侈品。我的目标是努力制作一些更多人能负担得起的假肢)”可知，作者认为很多人买不起假肢，而假肢不应是奢侈品，他的目标是让更多人能负担得起，即降低假肢的成本。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“To me, my creations don't necessarily tell the story of how I overcame my condition with Lego; they're about how I overcame bullying and being upset almost every day at school(对我来说，我的创作不一定讲述我如何用乐高克服自身状况的故事；它们是关于我如何克服霸凌和几乎每天在学校的沮丧情绪)” 可知，作者制作假肢的经历，重点在于让他克服了每天在学校因霸凌而产生的沮丧情绪，可推理出作者实现了情感上的缓解。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“A lot of people don’t have the resources to buy a prosthesis. I hate it when people have to pay up to ￡100,000 for a prosthesis. They shouldn't pay that much—it's not a luxury. My goal is to try to make some that more people can afford(很多人没有资金购买假肢。我讨厌人们不得不为一个假肢支付高达10万英镑的费用。他们不应该付那么多钱 —— 这不是奢侈品。我的目标是努力制作一些更多人能负担得起的假肢)”可知，作者认为很多人买不起假肢，而假肢不应是奢侈品，可推理出他富有同情心；根据倒数第二段“His arms and legs are underdeveloped as part of his condition, so I made two prosthetic arms using Lego units costing only 15. His smile was very empowering(增强自信的) when he used them for the first time(他的四肢发育不良是自身状况的一部分，所以我用乐高积木单元制作了两条假肢，仅花费了15英镑。当他第一次使用这两条假肢时，他的笑容非常振奋人心)”可知，作者利用乐高制作出先进且舒适的假肢，体现了他的创造力，故选A项。 Passage 11 （2025高一下·湖南衡阳·期末）At 75 years of age, Keith Dobell enjoys the opportunity to “give back”, spending several days a week breaking a sweat maintaining and improving Brixworth Country Park, over 20 km of the Brampton Valley Way and Martin Moore Wood in Northamptonshire. The work is physical— involving cutting back overgrown vegetation and dangerous overhanging trees, through to repairing pathways— but rewarding. “Personally, I enjoy the exercise, friendship and frequent contact with visitors,” Keith said. “Our team of volunteers from the Friends of Brampton Valley Way and Brixworth Country Park are a great bunch. The team of 12 consists mainly of elderly people but we have had a recent and welcome injection of younger members.” “Keeping the bushes under control helps the young trees to get more light, and removing unwanted plants and exposing the ground encourages wildflowers such as bluebells and primroses, increasing their foothold. I think the wildlife has benefited as the habitat improves. We have some valuable flowers growing in secret spots.” “On some days, the weather conditions are wonderful, but other times it can be pretty muddy, cold and unpleasant. On the worst of days we manage to find jobs inside maintaining tools, building nest boxes and signs. One difficult job is cleaning the areas on the hills next to the old train path on Brampton Valley Way. It's great for people who are good at climbing hills, but not so much for older folks like us. We managed to win grant funding to buy battery-powered equipment. Manual (手工的) work is all very well but mechanical help is a blessing.” “There is nothing extraordinary about our work other than the pleasure it gives us, but the appreciation we get from the public makes it worthwhile. I will simply continue to enjoy my days cutting back bushes and digging out old pipes until my arms and legs object too much.” 1．What does Keith mainly do in Brixworth Country Park? A．Maintain and improve the park. B．Provide assistance to visitors. C．Plant new trees and flowers. D．Manage the park's finances. 2．How does Keith describe his team of volunteers? A．They work only on weekends. B．They are all young and energetic. C．They are paid employees of the park. D．They are a diverse group with varying ages. 3．What effect does keeping the bushes under control have on the wildlife? A．It increases the amount of insects. B．It provides more light for young trees. C．It discourages the growth of wildflowers. D．It improves the habitat for unwanted plants. 4．What did Keith think of his job? A．Frustrating. B．Rewarding. C．Complicated. D．Effortless. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了75岁的 Keith Dobell 在他的家乡北安普敦郡照料一个公园、一条旧铁轨和一片树林的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“At 75 years of age, Keith Dobell enjoys the opportunity to “give back”, spending several days a week breaking a sweat maintaining and improving Brixworth Country Park, over 20 km of the Brampton Valley Way and Martin Moore Wood in Northamptonshire. (75岁的Keith Dobell很享受“回馈社会”的机会，每周花几天时间挥洒汗水，维护和改善布里克斯沃斯国家公园、20多公里的宾顿谷路和北安普敦郡的马丁摩尔森林。)”可知，Keith在布里克斯沃斯国家公园主要是维护和改善公园。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The team of 12 consists mainly of elderly people but we have had a recent and welcome injection of younger members.(这个12人的团队主要由老年人组成，但我们最近也欢迎年轻成员的加入。)”可知，Keith他们志愿者团队的成员由不同年龄的人组成。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Keeping the bushes under control helps the young trees to get more light, and removing unwanted plants and exposing the ground encourages wildflowers such as bluebells and primroses, increasing their foothold. I think the wildlife has benefited as the habitat improves.(控制灌木丛有助于幼树获得更多的阳光，移除不需要的植物，暴露地面，鼓励风信子和报春花等野花，增加它们的立足点。)”可知，控制灌木丛是为了小树提供了更多的光线。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“There is nothing extraordinary about our work other than the pleasure it gives us, but the appreciation we get from the public makes it worthwhile.(我们的工作除了带给我们快乐之外，没有什么特别之处，但我们从公众那里得到的赞赏使我们的工作值得一做。)”可知，Keith认为他的工作是值得做的。故选B。 Passage 12 （2025高一下·湖南衡阳·期末）I felt anxious when going into my room from school. Every day, my room was something different. The hours away at school were long enough to cause a terrible change to my peaceful harbor. Today was no exception. As I entered the house, Mom greeted me with a smile. It seemed like nothing was wrong. But I was still doubtful about it. Yesterday, around the mouth of my favorite figurine (小雕像) was a chocolate cookie. Obviously, Callie had enjoyed the cookie so much that she wanted to share it with my angel. I looked around for Callie, who had just turned three. I didn’t see her, but I heard the TV blaring (发出声音) in the other room. As I examined the family room, I noticed it was pretty messy. There were toys all over the floor, but none of them seemed to be mine. Maybe she hadn't entered today. I was so hopeful that I breathed a sigh of relief. I pushed my room door open and saw damage! There were a few headless dolls, some broken blocks, and a few juice-stained stuffed animals. “She did it again!” I screamed in anger. My mother ran up to me, embarrassed. She promised to put a Callie-proof lock on my door tonight. I felt better, because I knew that soon my room would truly belong to me. However, I was still angry with my little sister so I went into the family room to tell her how she had made life unpleasant for me. “Callie... ” I started. “Hooray!” she shouted. She leaped off the sofa and hugged my knees with such happiness that I could only look down at her and smile. After all, she was only three and learning about the world in her own way. And she always chose to explore and destroy my room because she loved me, her big sister. 1．Which of the following statements is not true? A．The purpose of the first paragraph is to introduce the background of the story. B．The hours away at school were long enough for author's sister to cause a change to her room. C．The author's room today was messy as usual. D．The figurine was author’s sister’ favorite toy. 2．Which of the following best describes the author’s sister? A．Smart and potential. B．Naughty and lovely. C．Horrible and awkward. D．Shallow and energetic. 3．How did the author react first when she found her room was messed up? A．She was friendly to her sister. B．She refused to accept her sister’s apology. C．She was angry with her sister. D．She thought her sister had done nothing wrong. 4．What finally helped the writer feel good again? A．The love between sisters. B．The promise to her sister. C．Her sister’s honesty. D．Her sister’s younger age. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者放学回家后发现自己房间又被妹妹弄乱了，一开始很生气，后来看到妹妹开心地拥抱自己，想到妹妹只是以自己的方式探索世界、表达对自己的爱，从而释怀的故事，展现了姐妹间的别样情感。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“I felt anxious when going into my room from school.(从学校回到房间时我感到很焦虑)”以及后面描述房间每天都不一样等内容，可知第一段是在介绍故事背景，A 选项正确；从第一段“The hours away at school were long enough to cause a terrible change to my peaceful harbor.(在学校的几个小时足够长，足以给我那平静的港湾带来可怕的变化)”可推出在学校的时间足够妹妹把房间弄乱，B选项正确；从第一段 “Today was no exception(今天也不例外)” 和第四段“I pushed my room door open and saw damage!(我推开房门，看到一片狼藉！)”可知作者的房间今天像往常一样凌乱，C 选项正确；根据第二段“Yesterday, around the mouth of my favorite figurine (小雕像) was a chocolate cookie. Obviously, Callie had enjoyed the cookie so much that she wanted to share it with my angel(昨天，我最喜欢的小雕像嘴边有一块巧克力饼干。显然，卡莉太喜欢这块饼干了，以至于她想和我的小雕像分享)”可知小雕像不是作者妹妹最喜欢的玩具，而是作者喜欢的，D选项错误。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“There were a few headless dolls, some broken blocks, and a few juice-stained stuffed animals.(有几个没了头的玩偶，一些破碎的积木，还有几个沾满果汁的毛绒玩具)”体现了她的淘气；但最后妹妹开心地从沙发上跳下来抱住作者膝盖等举动，又能看出她的可爱，所以作者的妹妹是淘气又可爱的。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段““She did it again!” I screamed in anger.(‘她又这么干了！’我愤怒地尖叫道)”可知，当作者发现房间被弄乱时，她一开始的反应是生妹妹的气。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“And she always chose to explore and destroy my room because she loved me, her big sister(她总是选择去探索和破坏我的房间，因为她爱我，她的大姐姐)”可知，最后是姐妹间的爱让作者感觉又好了起来，意识到妹妹是在用自己的方式表达对自己的爱。故选 A 项。 Passage 13 （2025高一下·湖南岳阳·期末）When the pool near Paris where he worked as a lifeguard was closed due to poor economic conditions, Guillaume Pop took jobs at various other pools that were almost empty. At one pool there was a small waterslide (水滑道), which gave the 22-year-old former competitive swimmer an idea: he would make a TikTok video in which he pretended to be a“professional waterslide tester”. Shooting down a slide in hard hat and hi-viz vest (防护衣) or smiling broadly in cool shapes to the music, Pop soon became a social media hit. He was hired to “test” slides and other facilities at water parks, swimming pools and campsites all over France. Today, he has more than half a million followers on TikTok and his own real-life waterslide-testing business. No longer working as a lifeguard, he travels the country checking the condition of waterslides, trying them out to determine how fun they are and creating amusing videos to attract customers. “First of all, I check it without water, to make sure it’s in an acceptable state,” explains Pop, who must keep up-to-date on water park regulations. If he finds a waterslide needs work — for example, if there are bumpy joints, which can hurt sliders — management will bring in a specialist repairer. “After that, I test it with water,” Pop says. Then he moves on to the fun, promotional aspect. Sometimes he takes over a leisure park and invites social media influencers to enjoy it too. In 2022, he took 25 influencers to O’Gliss Park, an enormous water park on the Atlantic coast. Pop estimates he’s tested around 700 French waterslides and is now eyeing water parks abroad, such as Switzerland, Portugal and Spain, where he has been testing slides during the winter. “It’s the best job in the world,” declares Pop, whose videos have received 80 million views. “I’m not behind a desk. I’m active and outside in the sun. And I build a positive relationship with customers. In fact, all the children tell me they want to be a waterslide tester!” 1．What motivated Guillaume Pop to make TikTok videos about waterslides? A．His interest in lifeguarding techniques. B．His passion for competitive swimming. C．A suggestion from his friends to become a social media hit. D．The loss of his lifeguard job due to poor economic conditions. 2．How did Guillaume Pop’s career change after gaining popularity on TikTok? A．He began working as a manager at a water park. B．He started a real-life waterslide-testing business. C．He joined a professional swimming team in Paris. D．He became a lifeguard at multiple pools in France. 3．Why does Guillaume Pop describe his job as“the best job in the world”? A．He gains a high salary and job security. B．He tests over 700 waterslides in France. C．He gets to travel extensively to different countries. D．He enjoys working outdoors and interacting with customers. 4．Which is a suitable title for the text? A．Guillaume Pop: The TikTok Star of Water Parks B．Guillaume Pop: From Lifeguard to a Traveler in Paris C．Guillaume Pop’s Journey: From Pool Closures to Waterslide Adventures D．Guillaume Pop’s Journey: Creating Waves in Swimming Pools 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了曾经的救生员Guillaume Pop通过制作水滑道测试的TikTok视频成为社交媒体红人，并成功转型为专业的水滑道测试员，拥有自己的业务和大量粉丝。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When the pool near Paris where he worked as a lifeguard was closed due to poor economic conditions, Guillaume Pop took jobs at various other pools that were almost empty. At one pool there was a small waterslide, which gave the 22-year-old former competitive swimmer an idea: he would make a TikTok video in which he pretended to be a“professional waterslide tester”.(当他在巴黎附近担任救生员的游泳池因经济状况不佳而关闭时，Guillaume Pop开始在其他几乎空无一人的游泳池找活干。在一个游泳池里有一条小型水滑道，这给了这位22岁的前竞技游泳运动员一个主意：他决定制作一段TikTok视频，在视频中扮演一名“专业水滑道测试员”)”可知，由于经济状况不佳，Guillaume Pop失去了救生员的工作，这促使他制作了关于水上滑道的TikTok视频。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Today, he has more than half a million followers on TikTok and his own real-life waterslide-testing business. No longer working as a lifeguard, he travels the country checking the condition of waterslides, trying them out to determine how fun they are and creating amusing videos to attract customers.(如今，他在TikTok上有超过50万粉丝，并且拥有自己的真实生活中的水滑道测试业务。不再做救生员工作的他，现在周游全国，检查水滑道的状态，亲自体验以判断它们是否有趣，并创作搞笑视频来吸引顾客)”可知，在TikTok上走红后，他开始了一项现实生活中的滑水测试业务。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘It’s the best job in the world,’ declares Pop, whose videos have received 80 million views. ‘I’m not behind a desk. I’m active and outside in the sun. And I build a positive relationship with customers. In fact, all the children tell me they want to be a waterslide tester!’(‘这是世界上最好的工作，’Pop宣称，他的视频已经获得了8000万的观看量。‘我不坐在桌子后面。我很活跃，在阳光下户外活动。我与顾客建立了积极的关系。事实上，所有的孩子都告诉我他们想成为一名水上滑道测试员！’)”可知，Guillaume Pop认为自己的工作是世界上最好的工作是因为他可以在户外活动，同时与客户建立积极的关系。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全篇，文章主要讲述了Guillaume Pop的职业生涯从救生员到成为一名水滑道测试员的过程，故C项“Guillaume Pop的旅程：从游泳池关闭到水上滑道冒险”适合作为文章的标题。故选C。 Passage 14 （2025高一下·湖南长沙·期末）At my first lesson in Chinese calligraphy, my teacher told me plainly: “Now I will teach you how to write your name. And to make it beautiful.” I felt my breath catch. I was curious. Growing up in Singapore, I had an unusual relationship with my Chinese name. My parents are ethnically Chinese, so they asked fortune tellers to decide my name, aiming for maximum luck. As a result, I ended up with a nonsense and embarrassing name: Chen Yiwen, meaning, roughly, “old”, “barley (薏米)” and “warm”. When I arrived in America for college at 18, I put on an American accent and abandoned my Chinese name. When I moved to Hong Kong in 2021, after 14 years in the States, I decided to learn calligraphy. Why not get back in touch with my heritage? I thought. In calligraphy, the idea is to copy the old masters’ techniques, thereby refining your own. Every week, though, my teacher would give uncomfortably on-the-nose assessments of my person. “You need to be braver,” he once observed. “Have confidence. Try to produce a bold stroke(笔画).” For years, I had prided myself on presenting an image of confidence, but my writing betrayed me. I was trying to make sense of this practice. You must visualize the word as it is to be written and leave a trace of yourself in it. As a bodily practice, calligraphy could go beyond its own cultural restrictions. Could it help me go beyond mine? My teacher once said to me, “When you look at the word, you see the body. Though a word on the page is two-dimensional, it contains multitudes, conveying the force you’ve applied, the energy of your grip, the arch of your spine.” I had been learning calligraphy to get in touch with my cultural roots, but what I was really seeking was a return to myself. Now I have sensed that the pleasure out of calligraphy allows me to know myself more fully. During a recent lesson, my teacher pointed at the word I had just finished, telling me: “This word is much better. I can see the choices you made, your calculations, your flow. Trust yourself. This word is yours.” He might as well have said, “This word is you.” 1．What did the author initially think of her name “Chen Yiwen”? A．It was lucky so she gladly accepted it. B．She felt proud of its symbolic meaning. C．She understood the intention but still disliked it. D．Its strange pronunciation made her embarrassed. 2．The author decided to learn calligraphy to ______. A．pick up a new hobby B．reconnect with her origin C．gain insights into a new culture D．fit in with local community 3．From the teacher’s words, the author learns that calligraphy ______. A．reflects the creator’s spirits B．comes from creative energy C．highlights the design of strokes D．depends on continuous practice 4．What does the author intend to tell us? A．Appreciate what our culture offers. B．Find beauty from your inner self. C．A great teacher leads you to truth. D．We are the sum of what we create. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了作者学习中国书法的经历和感悟，包括初次接触书法时的情景，名字的由来，在美国放弃中文名，回到香港学习书法的原因，老师对自己的评价，以及通过书法对自身的思考和认识等。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“My parents are ethnically Chinese, so they asked fortune tellers to decide my name, aiming for maximum luck. As a result, I ended up with a nonsense and embarrassing name: Chen Yiwen, meaning, roughly, “old”, “barley (薏米)” and “warm”.( 我的父母是华裔，所以他们请算命先生给我取名字，希望能给我带来最大的好运。于是，我给自己取了一个毫无意义又尴尬的名字：陈薏温，意思大致是“陈旧”、“薏米”、“温暖”)”可知， 作者认为自己的名字“Chen Yi wen”是无意义且令人尴尬的，虽然父母是为了追求最大的运气才取这个名字，但她还是不喜欢。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“When I moved to Hong Kong in 2021, after 14 years in the States, I decided to learn calligraphy. Why not get back in touch with my heritage? I thought.(当我在美国生活了14年后，于2021年搬到香港时，我决定学习书法。为什么不跟我的传统联系一下呢？我想)”可知，作者决定学习书法是为了重新接触自己的文化根源。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“During a recent lesson, my teacher pointed at the word I had just finished, telling me: “This word is much better. I can see the choices you made, your calculations, your flow. Trust yourself. This word is yours.” He might as well have said, “This word is you.”(在最近的一次课上，老师指着我刚完成的字对我说：“这个字好多了。我能看到你所做的选择，你的计算，你的心流。相信自己。这个词是你的。”他还不如说：“这个字就是你。”)”可推知，从老师的话中，作者了解到书法反映了创作者的精神。故选A。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据最后一段“During a recent lesson, my teacher pointed at the word I had just finished, telling me: “This word is much better. I can see the choices you made, your calculations, your flow. Trust yourself. This word is yours.” He might as well have said, “This word is you.”(在最近的一次课上，老师指着我刚完成的字对我说：“这个字好多了。我能看到你所做的选择，你的计算，你的心流。相信自己。这个词是你的。”他还不如说：“这个字就是你。”)”可知，作者最初学习书法是为了 “接触文化遗产（get back in touch with my heritage）”，但过程中逐渐意识到 “what I was really seeking was a return to myself（我真正寻求的是回归自我）”，最终感悟到 “the pleasure out of calligraphy allows me to know myself more fully（书法带来的乐趣让我更全面地了解自己）”。老师最后评价她的字 “this word is yours（这个字是你的）”，暗指 “字如其人”，作者通过书法探索自我、发现内在的价值与美好。故选B。 Passage 15 （2025高一下·湖南长沙·期末）I’m now at a special university where 46 speech and hearing impaired (受损) students graduate each year. Every morning, I made it a practice of setting the intention (意图) in my heart of “May I be a tool for them to get what they need right now?”. Today, one girl came and sat down. I started with how we usually do. She can speak but cannot hear and lip-read. I asked one question, and she went on for 10 minutes straight, and in Tamil (泰米尔语). I understood a couple of words here and there, so I understood that she was not saying anything connected with what I asked. I just kept on listening to her without speaking a word. This went on for an hour and a half! Then, after a long pause, I told her to get back on track with another question. And then she shared for another half an hour straight! The whole time I was just looking in her eyes which would go here and there but come back to me. In the end, I just got up and hugged her and she was smiling wider. Then I invited her to have juice with me. She said yes. What put me in a state of fear was realizing, just a few minutes later, that treating my new friend to some juice was the first celebration of my very first salary! A month ago, I started my first job, and what a blessing to have this important moment in my life be rooted in generosity. 1．What was the writer’s intention according to Paragraph 1? A．A doubt. B．A wish. C．A struggle. D．A guess. 2．When the girl came, the writer _________. A．required her to speak in English B．discovered something strange about her C．asked her questions as usual D．began to teach her to lip-read 3．What did the girl do in the conversation? A．She asked the writer to speak. B．She listened most of the time herself. C．She stared at the writer’s eyes all the time. D．She went on talking for 1.5 hours before a long pause. 4．How did the writer feel after treating the girl to juice? A．Glad. B．Regretful. C．Bitter. D．Grateful. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一所为言语和听力受损的学生服务的特殊大学工作，这一天一个女生来了，虽然作者无法听懂她的话，但是一直在认真倾听，工作结束后作者用自己的第一份薪水请了女生喝果汁。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m now at a special university where 46 speech and hearing impaired (受损) students graduate each year. Every morning, I made it a practice of setting the intention (意图) in my heart of “May I be a tool for them to get what they need right now?”. (我现在在一所特殊的大学，每年有46名言语和听力受损的学生毕业。每天早上，我都会在心里设下这样一个意图：我可以成为他们得到他们现在所需要的东西的工具吗？)”可知，作者设下的意图是希望自己能够帮助满足这些言语和听力受损的学生的需求，这是一个美好的愿望。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Today, one girl came and sat down. I started with how we usually do. She can speak but cannot hear and lip-read. I asked one question (今天，一个女孩走过来坐下。我从我们通常的做法开始。她能说话，但不能听，也不能读唇语。我问了一个问题)”可知，女孩过来以后，作者像往常一样问问题。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I just kept on listening to her without speaking a word. This went on for an hour and a half! Then, after a long pause, I told her to get back on track with another question. (我只是不停地听她说话，一句话也没说。这种情况持续了一个半小时！然后，在长时间的停顿之后，我让她用另一个问题回到正题上来)”可知，在交谈中，女孩连续讲了一个半小时才停顿了很长一段时间。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“What put me in a state of fear was realizing, just a few minutes later, that treating my new friend to some juice was the first celebration of my very first salary! A month ago, I started my first job, and what a blessing to have this important moment in my life be rooted in generosity. (让我感到恐惧的是，仅仅几分钟后，我就意识到请我的新朋友喝果汁是我第一次庆祝我的第一份薪水！一个月前，我开始了我的第一份工作，将生命中重要的一刻深植于慷慨是多么的幸运)”可知，作者是用自己的第一份薪水来请女孩喝果汁，这重要的一刻与慷慨待人相连，作者感到非常幸运。由此推知，作者请女孩喝果汁后感到很高兴。故选A项。 Passage 1 （2025高一下·湖南长沙·期末）Contemporary discourse on “appearance anxiety” often reductively attributes it to social media exposure. However, a deeper interdisciplinary analysis reveals this phenomenon as a complex interplay of neurodevelopmental vulnerability, evolved social cognition, and hyper-commercialized visual culture. Adolescence is marked by significant prefrontal cortex maturation, a region governing self-evaluation and impulse control, concurrently with heightened sensitivity in the limbic system’s social pain networks. This neurobiological mismatch renders teenagers acutely susceptible to perceived social evaluation, including aesthetic judgment. From an evolutionary psychology perspective, attention to appearance is not inherently pathological; it stems from hardwired mechanisms for assessing health, fertility, and social status within groups. The modern distortion lies in the industrialization of this instinct. A 2024 meta-analysis in JAMA Pediatrics correlates the rise in dysmorphic concern not merely with screen time, but specifically with algorithmic platforms that create homogenized, digitally altered “beauty templates” and facilitate constant social comparison with curated, often unattainable, peer imagery. This constitutes a perpetual, quantified social ranking system operating at an unprecedented scale and intensity. The consequences extend beyond transient distress. Chronic appearance-based self-criticism can lead to a cognitive habit of “self-objectification,” where individuals, particularly females, internalize an observer’s perspective on their own bodies. This persistent surveillance diverts finite cognitive resources — a process termed “ego depletion” — undermining performance on tasks requiring focused attention, such as academic work or complex problem-solving. Longitudinal data further links severe appearance anxiety to altered risk-reward calculations, increasing susceptibility to risky cosmetic procedures and disordered eating as maladaptive coping strategies. Mitigating this issue requires moving beyond simplistic “digital detox” prescriptions. Effective interventions must be tiered: fostering critical media literacy to deconstruct idealized imagery; promoting embodiment practices that shift focus from appearance to physical functionality and internal sensation; and systematically restructuring social environments — beginning with schools and families — to value and reward attributes like curiosity, kindness, and mastery over aesthetic conformity. 1．What does the passage suggest is a deeper cause of appearance anxiety beyond social media? A．A simple lack of parental supervision and guidance during teenage years. B．A temporary phase of hormonal imbalance that resolutions naturally with age. C．A neurodevelopmental mismatch coupled with the industrialization of evolved instincts. D．A deliberate marketing strategy by fashion corporations to increase clothing sales. 2．According to the 2024 meta-analysis, what specific aspect of digital platforms is most correlated with dysmorphic concern? A．The total amount of time spent on any screen-based activity. B．The use of algorithms that promote uniform beauty standards and foster social comparison. C．The exposure to anonymous negative comments and cyberbullying from strangers. D．The bright blue light emission that disrupts circadian rhythms and mood regulation. 3．The term “ego depletion” in the passage refers to which resulting problem? A．The physical exhaustion resulting from excessive exercise aimed at changing one’s body. B．The financial burden caused by spending too much money on beauty products and treatments. C．The diversion of mental resources away from tasks requiring concentration, harming performance. D．The loss of personal identity and individuality through blind imitation of online influencers. 4．Which approach is NOT mentioned by the author as a recommended tiered intervention? A．Developing skills to critically analyze and understand media content. B．Encouraging practices that connect individuals with bodily feelings beyond looks. C．Creating environments that appreciate non-aesthetic qualities like kindness and curiosity. D．Implementing government regulations to ban all digitally altered advertisements. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章从跨学科视角深入剖析了外貌焦虑的成因，指出其源于神经发育脆弱性、进化本能与商业化视觉文化的复杂互动，并提出了多层次干预措施。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, a deeper interdisciplinary analysis reveals this phenomenon as a complex interplay of neurodevelopmental vulnerability, evolved social cognition, and hyper-commercialized visual culture.(然而，更深层次的跨学科分析揭示，这一现象是神经发育脆弱性、进化社会认知和超商业化视觉文化的复杂相互作用。)”以及第二段“The modern distortion lies in the industrialization of this instinct.(现代的扭曲在于这种本能的工业化。)”可知，外貌焦虑的深层原因是神经发育不匹配与进化本能工业化的结合。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A 2024 meta-analysis in JAMA Pediatrics correlates the rise in dysmorphic concern not merely with screen time, but specifically with algorithmic platforms that create homogenized, digitally altered ‘beauty templates’ and facilitate constant social comparison with curated, often unattainable, peer imagery.”(《美国医学会儿科杂志》2024年的一项荟萃分析将身体畸形担忧的增加不仅与屏幕时间相关联，而且特别与那些创建同质化、经过数字修改的“美丽模板”并促进人们与精心策划、往往无法企及的同伴形象进行持续社会比较的算法平台相关联。)”可知，与身体畸形担忧最相关的是算法平台推广统一审美标准和促进社交比较。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“This persistent surveillance diverts finite cognitive resources — a process termed “ego depletion” — undermining performance on tasks requiring focused attention, such as academic work or complex problem-solving.(这种持续的监视转移了有限的认知资源——这一过程被称为“ego depletion”—削弱了在需要集中注意力的任务（如学业或复杂问题解决）上的表现。)”可推知，“ego depletion”指的是心理资源被转移从而损害需要专注的任务的表现。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Effective interventions must be tiered: fostering critical media literacy to deconstruct idealized imagery; promoting embodiment practices that shift focus from appearance to physical functionality and internal sensation; and systematically restructuring social environments — beginning with schools and families — to value and reward attributes like curiosity, kindness, and mastery over aesthetic conformity.(有效的干预措施必须是分层的：培养批判性媒体素养以解构理想化的形象；促进身体实践，将焦点从外表转移到身体功能和内在感觉上；以及系统地重构社会环境——从学校和家庭开始——以重视和奖励好奇心、善良、精通等品质，而不是审美趋同。)”可知，文中提到了A“培养批判性分析和理解媒体内容的技能。”、B“鼓励将个人与外表之外的身体感受联系起来的实践。”、C“创造重视善良和好奇心等非审美品质的环境。”三项，未提及D项“实施政府法规禁止所有经过数字修改的广告”。故选D。 Passage 2 （2025高一下·湖南长沙·期末）We all love our parents and turn to them when we’re in need, but would you like them to hear the conversations you have with your friends in the school playground or lunch queue? Social networking sites have become virtual extensions of the school hallways, so would you add your parents as “friends” and allow them to view your online activities and conversations with friends? In the past the generation gap included a technology gap, where children were up to date with the latest technology and parents were left behind, content to continue their day-to-day lives as they always had because they had no need to be tech-savvy (精通技术的). However, more and more parents are beginning to realize just how important social networks are in their lives. This realization has given many parents the motivation to educate themselves about social networking sites. These days many people are attracted to social networking sites because they can choose who they have around them; there’s also a certain amount of control over privacy that we don’t get in real life. Sometimes we feel that privacy is violated when we must accept a “friend” request from a parent or family member. It’s a difficult choice whether or not to allow a parent to become a part of our online lives. On the one hand we don’t want to “reject” their request because that might hurt their feelings or make them feel you have something to hide. On the other hand, if you do accept, then you could have a sense of being watched and no longer feel free to comment or communicate the way you did before. A recent survey suggested that parents shouldn’t take it personally if their child ignores their request: “When a teen ignores a parent’s friend request, it doesn’t necessarily mean that they are hiding something, but it could mean that this is one part of their life where they want to exert their independence.” Perhaps talking with parents and giving explanations would help soften the blow when you do choose not to add them to your friends list. 1．Why do many parents want to learn about social networking sites? A．Because they are eager to explore technologies. B．Because they are bored with their daily life. C．Because they want to watch their children. D．Because they start to realize their importance. 2．What might be the reason for teens to reject their parents’ friend request? A．They have nothing to hide. B．Their privacy cannot be guaranteed. C．They don’t want to teach their parents. D．They can’t choose friends around them. 3．Why is the survey mentioned in the passage? A．To warn parents. B．To relieve parents. C．To challenge parents. D．To criticize parents. 4．What is most likely to be talked about next? A．How to bridge the generation gap. B．How to make friends on social networks. C．How to explain to parents about the rejection. D．How to use the social networking sites wisely. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨青少年在社交网站上是否该加父母为“好友”这一话题，分析了父母想加入的原因及青少年拒绝的可能因素等。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“However, more and more parents are beginning to realize just how important social networks are in their lives. This realization has given many parents the motivation to educate themselves about social networking sites.(然而，越来越多的父母开始意识到社交网络在他们生活中有多么重要。这种认识促使许多父母有动力去了解社交网站)”可知，许多父母想了解社交网站是因为他们开始意识到其重要性。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Sometimes we feel that privacy is violated when we must accept a “friend” request from a parent or family member.(有时，当我们必须接受父母或家庭成员的“好友”请求时，我们会觉得隐私受到了侵犯)”以及第四段“On the other hand, if you do accept, then you could have a sense of being watched and no longer feel free to comment or communicate the way you did before.(另一方面，如果你接受了。那么你可能会有一种被监视的感觉，不再像以前那样自由地发表评论或交流)”可知，青少年拒绝父母好友请求的原因可能是他们的隐私无法得到保障。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“A recent survey suggested that parents shouldn’t take it personally if their child ignores their request: “When a teen ignores a parent’s friend request, it doesn’t necessarily mean that they are hiding something, but it could mean that this is one part of their life where they want to exert their independence.”(最近的一项调查表明，如果孩子忽略了他们的请求，父母不应该往心里去：“当一个青少年忽略父母的好友请求时，这并不一定意味着他们在隐瞒什么，而可能意味着这是他们生活中想要展现独立的一部分。”)”可知，提到这个调查是为了宽慰父母，让他们不要因为孩子拒绝好友请求而难过。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Perhaps talking with parents and giving explanations would help soften the blow when you do choose not to add them to your friends list.(也许当你选择不把他们加到你的好友列表时，和父母交谈并给出解释会有助于减轻打击)”可知，接下来很可能会谈论如何向父母解释拒绝加他们为好友这件事。故选C项。 Passage 3 （2025高一下·湖南长沙·期末）Is forgiveness against our human nature? To answer our question, we need to ask a further question: What is the essence of our humanity? For the sake of simplicity, people consider two distinctly different views of humanity. The first view involves dominance and power. In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans’ essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them. The second view involves the theme of cooperation, mutual respect, and even love as the basis of who we are as humans. Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions. For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony? From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. As an important note, when we take a classical philosophical perspective, that of Aristotle, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, its actual appropriation in conflict situations, develops with practice. 1．What is Droll’s idea about forgiveness? A．People who forgive can have their welfare affected. B．Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity. C．People should offer mercy to other people. D．Aggressive people should learn to forgive. 2．What does the example in Paragraph 2 illustrate? A．To fight is to grow. B．To dominate is to harm. C．To forgive is to love. D．To give is to receive. 3．What is the writer’s attitude toward forgiveness? A．Objective. B．Reserved. C．Favorable. D．Doubtful. 4．What is message of the last paragraph? A．Forgiveness is in our nature. B．It takes practice to forgive. C．Actuality is based on potentiality. D．Forgiveness grows with time. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕“原谅是否违背人类本性”这一话题展开，阐述了两种人性观点，探讨了原谅与人性的关系，并指出原谅能力需通过实践来发展。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的后两句“Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them. (那些选择原谅的人违背了自己的本性，这对他们极为有害。在他看来，原谅者在向他人施以仁慈时，是在牺牲自己的幸福，而这些人可能随后就会利用他们)”可知，Droll认为原谅别人的人会损害自己的利益，因为他们向可能会利用他们的人表示仁慈，会影响自己的幸福。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段的后两句 “Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions. For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony? (即使常识也强烈表明，对他人的权力欲并不能带来和谐的互动。例如，奴隶制作为一种社会和谐模式效果如何呢？)”可推知，这里以奴隶制为例，说明想要支配他人的意愿不利于和谐的互动，奴隶制作为一种社会和谐的模式效果并不好，即支配他人会带来伤害。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句“From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony. (从我们作为人类是谁的第二个视角来看，宽恕在个人和社区的生理及心理完整性方面起着关键作用，因为科学研究表明，宽恕的结果之一是仇恨的减少与和谐的恢复)”和第二句“Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. (宽恕可以打破愤怒的循环)”以及最后一句“Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. (宽恕可以修复关系，让人与人重新建立联系)”可知，作者认为原谅在个人和社区的生理和心理完整性方面起着关键作用，能减少仇恨、恢复和谐、打破愤怒的循环、修复关系、重新连接人与人。由此推知，作者对原谅持支持的态度。故选C项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段的后两句“We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, its actual appropriation in conflict situations, develops with practice. (我们并非生来就具备宽恕的能力，而是拥有学习宽恕并提升宽恕能力的潜力。宽恕的实际行动，即在冲突情境中真正地宽恕他人，是通过实践培养出来的)”可知，我们不是生来就有原谅的能力，它是需要通过实践来发展的。故选B项。 Passage 4 （2025高一下·湖南衡阳·期末）“Sating from now on, to be healthy, I will NOT eat any snacks besides granola bars (燕麦棒),” is what I told myself yesterday, and yet here I am today chewing a Chocopie. I’m aware that I’m breaking my own promise to myself. Instead of eating this, I should be working out or something. But the thing is, chocolate is too good at this moment for me to refuse it! As I type this, I’m experiencing what’s called instant gratification — the desire to experience pleasure or fulfillment without delaying it for a future benefit. Essentially, when you want it, you get it. Instant gratification is also the exact opposite of what we’re taught to do-delayed gratification: deciding to put off satisfying our current want to gain something better in the future. We’ve all encountered instant gratification before. Should I sleep in or wake up early to work out? When I get home, should I rest and watch TV first or get started on my homework? All humans have the tendency to seek pleasure and avoid pain, which is a basic but fundamental concept known as the pleasure principle. Originally coined by Sigmund Freud, it clearly states that all humans are driven, to some extent, by pleasure. Constantly seeking quick pleasure may bring subsequent troubles. However pleasant not doing your homework may seem pleasant right now, it only results in pleasure plagued by guilt and last-minute panicking late at night. An inability to resist instant gratification may result in underachieving in the long term and failure to meet certain goals. Instant gratification, however, is not necessarily a bad thing. You don’t always have to say no to things you want at that moment, and it’s good to treat yourself when you need it. In other words, times where you “treat yourself” are only valuable in combination with delayed gratification. While my Chocopie may taste good now, it’ll taste even better if I only eat it after I’ve worked out or done something healthy. 1．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By making a contrast. B．By giving a definition. C．By citing a personal case. D．By listing detailed problems. 2．Which of the following is an example of instant gratification? A．Purchasing items regardless of budgets. B．Exercising regularly for long-term health. C．Limiting time on social media platforms. D．Finishing homework before watching TV. 3．What does the underlined word “plagued” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Reminded. B．Highlighted. C．Introduced. D．Bothered. 4．What may the author agree with? A．Delayed gratification is pointless. B．Instant gratification should be prioritized. C．Enjoying the moment brings in endless pleasure. D．Instant treats paired with delayed gratification are sweeter. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过个人违背健康饮食计划的例子引入即时满足的概念，对比了即时满足与延迟满足，指出即时满足虽带来短期快乐，但可能有负面后果，而与延迟满足结合则更为可取。 1．推理判断题。由文章第一段““Sating from now on, to be healthy, I will NOT eat any snacks besides granola bars (燕麦棒),” is what I told myself yesterday, and yet here I am today chewing a Chocopie. I’m aware that I’m breaking my own promise to myself. Instead of eating this, I should be working out or something. But the thing is, chocolate is too good at this moment for me to refuse it! (“从现在开始，为了健康，除了格兰诺拉燕麦棒，我不会吃任何零食。”这是我昨天告诉自己的，而今天我却在这里嚼着一块Chocopie。我意识到我违背了对自己的承诺。与其吃这个，我还不如去健身什么的。但问题是，巧克力在这个时刻太好了，我无法拒绝它！)”和第二段“As I type this, I’m experiencing what’s called instant gratification — the desire to experience pleasure or fulfillment without delaying it for a future benefit.   Essentially, when you want it, you get it. (当我写这篇文章的时候，我正在体验所谓的即时满足——渴望体验快乐或满足，而不是为了未来的利益而拖延。基本上，当你想要的时候，你就会得到。)”可推知，作者通过讲述自己决定只吃燕麦棒来保持健康，但第二天却违背了这个决定而吃了Chocopie的个人经历来引入关于即时满足的话题。故选C。 2．推理判断题。由文章第二段“As I type this, I’m experiencing what’s called instant gratification — the desire to experience pleasure or fulfillment without delaying it for a future benefit. Essentially, when you want it, you get it. (当我写这篇文章的时候，我正在体验所谓的即时满足——渴望体验快乐或满足，而不是为了未来的利益而拖延。基本上，当你想要的时候，你就会得到)”可推知，即时满足的一个例子是不顾预算购买物品，因为它体现了立即追求快乐或满足而不考虑未来后果的行为。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。由文划线词上文“Constantly seeking quick pleasure may bring subsequent troubles. However pleasant not doing your homework may seem pleasant right now, it only results in pleasure (不断地寻求快速的快乐可能会带来随之而来的麻烦。不管现在不做作业看起来多么愉快，它只会带来快乐)”及下文“guilt and last-minute panicking late at night (内疚和深夜最后一刻的恐慌)”可知，因内疚和最后一刻的慌乱而烦恼，因此plagued的意思为“困扰，折磨”。A. Reminded提醒；B. Highlighted突出显示；C. Introduced介绍；D. Bothered使（某人）烦恼（或担忧、不安），给（某人）造成麻烦（或痛苦）。故选D。 4．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Instant gratification, however, is not necessarily a bad thing. You don’t always have to say no to things you want at that moment, and it’s good to treat yourself when you need it. In other words, times where you “treat yourself” are only valuable in combination with delayed gratification. While my Chocopie may taste good now, it’ll taste even better if I only eat it after I’ve worked out or done something healthy. (然而，即时满足并不一定是一件坏事。在那一刻，你不必总是对你想要的东西说不，在你需要的时候善待自己是件好事。换句话说，你“善待自己”的时间只有在延迟满足的情况下才有价值。虽然我的巧克力现在可能很好吃，但如果我只在锻炼或做一些健康的事情后吃它，味道会更好)”可知，作者认为虽然即时满足不是坏事，但最好与延迟满足结合使用，例如在完成锻炼或做了有益健康的事情之后再享受Chocopie会感觉更好。由此推知，作者可能同意即时享受与延迟满足相结合会更甜美。故选D。 Passage 5 （23-24高一下·湖南长沙·期末）Social media is taking over our lives: Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and now, TikTok (抖音). These social media platforms have transformed from a way to stay connected to an industry where even kids can make money off their posts. While this may seem like another opportunistic (机会主义) innovation, it’s really full of hidden false realities. The median income (中位收入) recorded in the United States of America was about $63,000 in 2018. TikTokers can make anywhere from $50,000 to $150,000 for a TikTok brand partnership, and TikTokers with over a million followers can make up to $30,000 a month - $360,000 a year. They are making more than the average person trying to feed their family and keep a roof over their heads, simply by posting a 15-second video. This is mad in more ways than one. Not only is it an overpaid “job”, it promotes unworthy admiration from viewers and a false sense of reality. Many of these famous TikTokers are still teens, and the effects of fame at such an early stage in life might cause issues later in life, such as mental illness. Teens between the ages of 13 and 17 make up 27% of TikTok viewers, who can be easily influenced by what they are watching. They can put a false sense of self-value into who they look up to and what they represent: money, fame, being considered traditionally attractive. While TikTok has become a great tool for marketing, it’s important to understand how this content affects young viewers. If we’re constantly consuming content that shows us all we need to do to be successful is be traditionally attractive and post a 15-second video featuring a new dance, it will challenge our knowledge of what really makes someone successful and will in turn affect our individual work ethics (伦理). What about the people who miss birthday and family holidays due to their jobs and aren’t getting paid nearly as much as these TikTokers? Richard Colyer, president and creator of Metaphor, Inc, had his own view on this issue. “It sounds great to make money for doing the latest dance moves in a 15-second video, but we should feed the minds of kids and not just their bank accounts. TikTok can be great if used properly. Money alone is not good, technology alone is not good and connectedness can be bad if it’s only online.” Again, as a fellow consumer of TikTok, I do enjoy the app when I have some time to kill and need a good laugh. I’ m not against someone making a living on entertainment, but what does getting famous of a 15-second video teach young people? 1．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Social networking. B．Making money on social media. C．A job offered by TikTok. D．Staying connected to the Internet. 2．What do the numbers given in Paragraph 2 show? A．TikTokers are earning money easily. B．All TikTokers are richer than average people. C．Most TikTokers can become millionaires overnight. D．TikTokers earn much more than ordinary workers. 3．Which is the possible influence of TikTok on its young users? A．They tend to live an adult life too soon. B．They are forced to pay for certain services. C．They may quit other social media. D．They are likely to develop false value. 4．What can we infer from Richard Colyer’s comments? A．TikTok can be a positive influence if teens employ it wisely. B．Young TikTokers should be banned from making money. C．It is better to involve education on investment in TikTok videos. D．Contents of videos need checking before their release online. 5．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A．Say No to Tik Tok B．Join Young TikTokers C．TikTok - A Mine of Money D．A Job Vs An Entertainment 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文阐述了社交媒体从单纯的社交软件变为赚钱工具的现象，并呼吁青少年用户群体正确使用社交媒体和树立正确的价值观。 1．词句猜测题。根据指代关系和第一段的“These social media platforms have transformed from a way to stay connected to an industry where even kids can make money off their posts. While this may seem like another opportunistic (机会主义) innovation, it’s really full of hidden false realities. (这些社交媒体平台已经从一种保持联系的方式转变为一个连孩子都可以从他们的帖子中赚钱的行业。虽然这看起来像是另一个机会主义的创新，但它实际上充满了隐藏的虚假现实。)”可知，this指代上文中“even kids can make money off their posts”这一现象，即“在社交媒体上赚钱”。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“TikTokers can make anywhere from $50,000 to $150,000 for a TikTok brand partnership, and TikTokers with over a million followers can make up to $30,000 a month - $360,000 a year. They are making more than the average person trying to feed their family and keep a roof over their heads, simply by posting a 15-second video. (TikTok品牌合作伙伴关系的TikTok用户可以赚取5万至15万美元的收入，拥有100多万粉丝的TikTok用户每月可以赚取3万美元，即每年36万美元。他们仅仅通过发布一段15秒的视频，就赚了比普通人更多的钱来养家糊口。)”可推知，TikToker很容易赚钱。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Teens between the ages of 13 and 17 make up 27% of TikTok viewers, who can be easily influenced by what they are watching. They can put a false sense of self-value into who they look up to and what they represent: money, fame, being considered traditionally attractive. (13至17岁的青少年占TikTok观众的27%，他们很容易受到所观看内容的影响。他们会把一种错误的自我价值感放在他们所崇拜的人和他们所代表的东西上：金钱、名誉、传统上被认为有吸引力。)”可知，孩子们很容易被观看的内容影响，他们可能会建立错误的自我价值观念，追求传统意义上更加吸引人的金钱和名誉，即年轻的用户可能会树立不正确的价值观。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段Richard Colyer的话“TikTok can be great if used properly. (如果使用恰当的话，TikTok可能会是很棒的。)”可推知，在Richard Colyer看来，如果使用恰当的话，TikTok可能会对青少年有好的影响。故选A项。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文并结合最后一段“Again, as a fellow consumer of TikTok, I do enjoy the app when I have some time to kill and need a good laugh. I’ m not against someone making a living on entertainment, but what does getting famous of a 15-second video teach young people? (而且，作为它的消费者，当我有时间消磨，需要大笑的时候，我的确喜欢这个软件。我并不反对某人靠娱乐谋生，但是一个15秒的视频教会了年轻人什么呢？)”可知，本文是观点对峙类议论文。文章主要阐述了社交媒体从单纯的社交软件变为赚钱工具的现象，并且很多用户的收入远高于普通人。作者认为抖音应被当作娱乐方式，而不是人们赚钱的工具，因为短短的15秒视频并不能教给青少年太多有价值的东西。因此推断D项A Job Vs An Entertainment (工作还是娱乐) 可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 阅读理解20篇（记叙文+议论文） 答案版 Passage 1 1.C 2.A 3.A 4.B Passage 2 1.D 2.D 3.A 4.C Passage 3 1.B 2.B 3.D 4.D Passage 4 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C Passage 5 1.D 2.D 3.C 4.A Passage 6 1.A 2.D 3.D 4.C Passage 7 1.C 2.C 3.A 4.B Passage 8 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C Passage 9 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C Passage 10 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A Passage 11 1.A 2.D 3.B 4.B Passage 12 1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A Passage 13 1.D 2.B 3.D 4.C Passage 14 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B Passage 15 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 议论文Passage 1 1.C 2.B 3.C 4.D 议论文Passage 2 1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C 议论文Passage 3 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 议论文Passage 4 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.D 议论文Passage 5 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.D / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 阅读理解20篇（记叙文+议论文） Passage 1 （2025高一下·湖南长沙·期末）My father is a busy doctor. When I was in junior high, I used to complain that he never had time for me. He left home early and returned late, often missing family dinners. I felt ignored and sometimes even doubted if he cared. One Saturday morning, I woke up to the smell of food. I went downstairs and found my father in the kitchen, wearing an apron. “I thought we could have breakfast together,” he said, smiling. I was surprised — he usually worked on weekends. As we ate, he asked about my school, my friends, and my new hobby — painting. He listened carefully, nodding and asking questions. For the first time, I felt he was truly interested in my life. Then he shared stories from his own teenage years, something he rarely did. I learned that he had once dreamed of being an artist, but chose medicine to help people. That breakfast didn’t last long — he had to go to the hospital soon after. But it changed our relationship. I realized that his silence wasn’t a lack of love; it was exhaustion from long hours of work. From that day on, I made more effort to talk to him, even if just for a few minutes when he got home. Now, I understand that love isn’t always about big gestures; sometimes, it’s in a simple meal and a listening ear. 1．Why did the author feel ignored by his father? A．His father was too strict with him. B．His father never talked to him. C．His father was often absent because of work. D．His father preferred his sibling. 2．What made the author surprised that Saturday morning? A．His father cooked breakfast for the family. B．His father decided to change his job. C．His father gave him a gift concerning art. D．His father suggested eating out together. 3．What did the author learn about his father during the breakfast? A．His father used to want to be an artist. B．His father was good at sports in his youth. C．His father didn’t like being a doctor. D．His father cooked himself a lot as a teenager. 4．What is the main message of the story? A．Parents should spend more time at home to accompany their children. B．Understanding and communication can improve family relationships. C．Teenagers should help with housework to build a harmonious family. D．Doctors have the hardest jobs that steal their time with their beloved. Passage 2 （2025高一下·湖南衡阳·期末）In the remote town of Yangla, nestled over 3,000 meters above sea level in the mountains of Diqing Tibetan autonomous prefecture, Yunnan province, 32-year-old doctor Nasheng is dedicated to providing healthcare to more than 5,400 villagers. Nasheng graduated in Tibetan medicine from Qinghai University. Her passion for the field was ignited not only by a childhood fascination with traditional healing but also by the healthcare challenges faced by her fellow villagers. “I saw how difficult it was for my family to access medical treatment in inland areas — long journeys, language barriers, and cultural differences made it even harder,” she said, noting that many elderly villagers speak only Tibetan. This motivated her to study Tibetan medicine and return to serve her hometown. When she arrived at the Yangla town health center in September 2021, she was struck by the isolation of the area. Although her hometown of Yunling is in the same county, getting to Yangla takes a grueling seven-to-eight-hour drive. As a young doctor at the health center, Nasheng has gained invaluable hands-on experience with each patient she treats. She clearly remembers her first patient — an elderly man with severely deformed joints-for whom she performed her first joint injection under her mentor’s guidance. “That moment made me realize just how much I still needed to learn in order to truly help people,” she said. During her time in Yangla, Nasheng has built a strong connection with the locals. One moment that stood out was when an 80-year-old villager gave her some loquats as a gift. “Fruit is scarce here — I’ve only ever seen apples and walnuts,” Nasheng said. “She had picked them from a town at a lower altitude, knowing we rarely get a break or the chance to buy things from outside.” Looking ahead, she hopes to continue her studies. “But no matter what, I’ll always come back — this is my home.” 1．What motivated Nasheng to serve her hometown? A．The isolation of angla. B．Her passion for traditional healing. C．Yangla’s similar situation with Yuling. D．Her family’s medical treatment experience. 2．Why is loquat mentioned in paragraph 6? A．To show the warmth of the villager. B．To imply how valuable it is as a gift. C．To reflect how scarce Fruit is in Yangla. D．To prove Nasheng’s bonds with the locals. 3．Which of the following can best describe Nasheng? A．Devoted and selfless. B．Brave and responsible. C．Confident and persistent. D．Traditional and optimistic. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The healthcare condition is poor in Yangla. B．Medical treatment is in urgent need in Yangla. C．Young doctor brings hope to isolated villagers. D．Young doctor devotes herself to medical treatment. Passage 3 （2025高一下·湖南邵阳·期末）When wealthy people pass away, they usually leave instructions for what to do with the money or property that they leave behind. Often, the money and property go to their heirs (继承人). However, in some cases, rich pet owners leave their wealth to their pets after they die. For example, there is a poodle named Toby. When this poodle’s owner passed away, she left Toby 15 million pounds (about $25 million). Then there is Flossie, a yellow Lab mutt, who is not only rich, but is also famous. In 2001, Flossie made the headlines after she rescued her owner, the actress Drew Barrymore and Drew’s husband, from a house fire. To thank Flossie, Drew gave her house to Flossie. Of course, Drew repaired the fire damage first. Now, Flossie is the owner of a beautiful $3 million home. It may seem strange for a dog to own such an expensive home, but Flossie is not the only dog like that. Gunther IV, a German Shepherd, bought his home from Madonna and paid over $7 million for the house. However, this was no big deal for him because Gunther IV has about $200 million! This makes him the richest dog in the world. He inherited the money from his father, who was the heir to the fortune of a German countess. 1．What do wealthy people often leave behind when they pass away? A．Instructions for their pets. B．Instructions for their money or property. C．Instructions for their friends. D．Instructions for their employees. 2．How much money did the poodle Toby inherit from his owner? A．$15 million. B．$25 million. C．$7 million. D．$200 million. 3．How is Flossie’s home now? A．It was burnt down. B．It has been badly damaged. C．It is a newly-built house. D．It has been repaired. 4．Why was buying a $7 million house “no big deal” for Gunther IV? A．He earned the money himself. B．Madonna gave him the house for free. C．His owner paid for it. D．He was the richest dog in the world. Passage 4 （2025高一下·湖南永州·期末）In the remote town of Yangla, located over 3,000 meters above sea level in the mountains of Diqing Tibetan autonomous prefecture (自治州), Yunnan province, 32-year-old doctor Nasheng is devoted to providing healthcare to more than 5,400 villagers. Nasheng graduated in Tibetan medicine from Qinghai University. “I saw how difficult it was for my fellow villagers to gain medical treatment in inland areas — long journeys, language barriers, and cultural differences made it even harder,” she said. This inspired her to study Tibetan medicine and return to serve her hometown. When she arrived at the Yangla town in September 2021, she was struck by the condition of the area. “I have to cross Baima Snow Mountain and follow a winding path along the Jinsha River,” she recalled. She lives in a small room inside the inpatient ward (住院病房). But despite the challenges, she has never thought of giving up. As a young doctor at the health center, Nasheng has gained valuable hands-on experience under her mentor’s guidance. “That moment made me realize just how much I still needed to learn in order to truly help people,” she said. In addition to treating patients, Nasheng continues to advance her medical skills. In 2024, she pursued further training at the Tibetan Traditional Hospital, where she majored in therapies (疗法) such as bloodletting and Tibetan stick therapy. Looking ahead, she hopes to continue her studies. “I want to pursue a master’s degree and learn more about acupuncture (针灸) techniques,” she said. “But no matter what, I’ll always come back — this is my home.” 1．What made Nasheng want to study Tibetan medicine? A．Expectations from her family. B．Her love for Tibetan medicine. C．Healthcare difficulties faced by the villagers. D．Her desire to return to serve her hometown. 2．What challenges did Nasheng face when working in Yangla? A．Tough conditions. B．Language barriers. C．Cultural differences. D．Limited medical equipment. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Villagers can see a doctor conveniently. B．Nasheng doesn’t stop improving her medical skills. C．Nasheng gained valuable experience in the university. D．It is easy for Nasheng to communicate with the villagers. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Nasheng? A．Ambitious and creative. B．Cautious and caring. C．Devoted and determined. D．Selfless and outgoing. Passage 5 （2025高一下·湖南郴州·期末）Valerie, a cute dachshund (腊肠犬), had an incredible adventure. She spent 529days all by herself on Kangaroo Island in Australia before finally being rescued, and her story captured the hearts of many people. Valerie made her escape during a camping trip with owners Georgia Gardner and her partner Josh Fishlock, dashing out of a pen (围栏) and straight into the bush. Her worried owners searched for days - across the large island, which covers more than 4,400 square kilometers of farms, nature reserves, and rock y cliffs. But they had no luck and finally gave up. The missing dachshund was not seen for more than a year,with many holding out little hope for her survival. Then, video cameras and locals began spotting her and volunteers launched a patient hunt for her. Volunteer searchers drove more than 5,000 kilometers and used cameras, traps and special food to attract her. But Valerie seemed to flee from people and cars. “Valerie seems impossible to trap,” a wildlife rescuer posted on social media last month. After spending more than 1,000 hours on the search, the volunteers finally succeeded. The wildlife rescue group was overjoyed and relieved to announce that Valerie was safe and sound. She would soon return to her loving owners. “Bred to be an independent hunter of dangerous prey, they can be brave to the point of rashness, and a bit stubborn,” the rescue group said. Valerie’ s owner Gardner said in a social media post she was “incredibly grateful” to the volunteers who helped find her dog. For anyone who’ s ever lost a pet, your feelings are valid and never give up hope. 1．What happened to Valerie during the camping trip? A．She fell off a rocky cliff. B．She was attacked by wild animals. C．She was left behind by her owners. D．She got lost after running out of a pen. 2．Why was it difficult for the volunteers to catch Valerie? A．She could hide in the thick bush easily. B．She was too fast for the volunteers to follow. C．She was accustomed to living alone on the island. D．She was so cautious that she always avoided people. 3．What can we infer from Gardner’s words on social media? A．Lost pets are often hunted in the wild. B．People should keep their pets at home. C．Never lose hope when pets go missing. D．Dachshunds are the bravest dog breed. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Dog’s Amazing Adventure B．Tips for Pet Protection C．The Efforts of Rescue Volunteers D．The Survival of Dachshunds Passage 6 （2025高一下·湖南·期末）A faithful dog survived for over 10 weeks after her owner died unexpectedly while hiking in the Colorado Mountains. Up to now she has regained most of her weight lost during the suffering and is back on the hiking footpaths as usual. Rich Moore,71, of Pagosa Springs, Colorado, set out with his Jack Russell terrier (小猎狗) named Finney to climb Blackhead Peak on Aug.19, but didn’t return home. A days- long search between the peak and his vehicle was unsuccessful. The searchers were about to give up when a hunter found Rich’s body and Finney accompanying his owner in the San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado on October 30. Finney had lost about half her body weight and her ribs (肋骨) were visible. Three weeks later, “Finney is doing well,” said Moore’s wife, Dana Holby. “She has gained almost all of her weight back and her strength is almost where it was. She is a magical dog.” She does have an injury on her nose that might leave a scar. Holby added that Finney is now 3, very clingy, and will not let me out of her sight. Her great appetite has calmed down, but at first, she could not get enough to eat and wanted food at all times of the day and night. Finney’s survival story has made her famous on the hiking footpaths around Pagosa Springs. 1．How does the author start the passage? A．By describing a situation. B．By answering a question. C．By holding a conversation. D．By comparing different opinions. 2．What does the underlined word “clingy” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Smart. B．Gentle. C．Loyal. D．Dependent. 3．Why has Finney’s great appetite calmed down? A．She had a full stomach. B．She was born with magic. C．The scar on her nose disappeared. D．Her living environment became good. 4．What does the author want to tell us in the passage? A．Hiking is dangerous. B．Searchers are real heroes. C．A dog is man’s best friend. D．A good dog deserves a good bone. Passage 7 （2025高一下·湖南长沙·期末）The message took me by surprise. It came from my Ph.D．adviser, asking me whether I’d apply for a fellowship (学术奖金) from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Two years earlier, I’d written a proposal for the very same award — a requirement for passing my Ph.D．qualifying exam. Before it, I’d never written a full research proposal. My adviser wanted me to come up with a brand-new project. The process was like figuring out how the pieces of a complex puzzle (拼图) should fit together. Finally, I focused on creating a secure proposal, with experiments that were almost guaranteed to be scientifically practical. The result was indeed like that, but far from creative. Eventually, I failed. On my second try, I squeaked (勉强通过) by. I was relieved, but the reviewers’ comments hurt me: my ideas weren’t novel and interesting. I awkwardly thanked people when they congratulated me, feeling insecure and defeated. In the following years, I focused on the lab experiments, and mastered new techniques. I gained the practice of submitting applications for several small grants (助学金). Bit by bit, I began seeing myself in a new light and trusting my decisions. So, when my adviser convinced me to apply for the NIH fellowship this time, I was determined not to play it safe and to create a more daring project. Despite old criticisms, I landed on a plan that built on the work I’d done but used fresh ideas. Regardless of whether my idea proved to be correct, I thought it was worth the effort. I’d seen my project indicate new research directions and push back the frontiers of my subject. Five months later, I prepared myself for heartbreak once again as I logged in. But amazingly, I secured the fellowship with great reviews. I can’t claim to have mastered the art of writing an NIII proposal. But the award empasized that avoiding negative reviewer comments shouldn’t be the only aim. Exciting projects, with daring ideas, are the ones that will move our science forward and awaken the curiosity of scientists. 1．Why did the author’s first proposal fail? A．It’s not complete. B．It’s not practical. C．It’s not creative. D．It’s too simple. 2．How did the author benefit from the lab experiments? A．They helped him to get his Ph.D． B．They helped to gain peer trust. C．They increased his self-confidence. D．They helped his second proposal pass. 3．Why did the author feel the project worth his effort? A．It expanded the boundaries in his field. B．It earned him some money over the years. C．It satisfied the requirements of NIH. D．It met the expectations of his adviser. 4．What does the author’s experience tell us? A．Stability wins the race. B．No daring step, no reward. C．Practice makes perfect. D．Opportunity rewards the ready. Passage 8 （2025高一下·湖南·期末）German Sinologist Martin Woesler, who has devoted years to Chinese literature, recently visited Dunhuang, a historic Silk Road city in Gansu Province, China. His trip, part of attending the meeting — the Fourth Dialogue on Exchanges Among Civilizations (文明), became an unforgettable cultural discovery. Beforehand, Woesler had learned Dunhuang’s role as a desert oasis (绿洲), a treasure house of art, and crossroads of Silk Road cultures. Yet seeing it firsthand amazed him. Standing in front of the Mogao Grottoes, he was attracted by the mixed cultures in Cave 285. There, Greek gods Apollo and Diana, Chinese stories about Fuxi and Nyuwa, Indian Buddhist flying figures, and Daoist immortal beings all appear together in frescoes (壁画).“Different traditions come together here to make a 1,000-year-old wonder,” he said, amazed by Dunhuang’s spirit of inclusiveness. Woesler’s journey with Chinese culture began 38 years ago in his hometown of Münster, Germany, when a Chinese poem at a poetry reading awakened his curiosity. He devoted himself to narrowing the cultural gap between China and Germany. Then he studied at Peking University and spent over thirty years in China. As a translator and educator, he launched workshops to promote Chinese literature in Germany, aiming to address the imbalance in cultural translation — where far fewer Chinese works reach German readers compared to foreign ones in Chinese. Dunhuang’s experience also inspired his thoughts on digital-age dialogue. He believes technologies like digital protection and virtual (虚拟的) exhibitions can make ancient treasures accessible, helping people welcome differences with openness. “We can achieve win-win progress only by learning from each other,” he notes, stressing how Dunhuang’s age-old wisdom holds the key to modern global harmony. As his trip ended, Woesler carried away more than memories — he got renewed confidence in the power of civilizational dialogue. “Dunhuang is not just a place; it’s a lesson in how diversity can create something timeless,” he concludes, hoping its spirit will guide modern efforts to build a more connected world. 1．Why did Woesler visit Dunhuang? A．To explore the ancient Silk Road. B．To take part in a cultural exchange activity. C．To study the role of Dunhuang as a desert oasis. D．To launch cultural workshops on Chinese literature. 2．What impressed Woesler in Cave 285? A．The mystery of Chinese stories. B．The larger collection of foreign artworks. C．The peaceful coexistence of diverse cultures. D．The advanced digital protection technologies applied. 3．What did Woesler do to bridge China-German cultural divides? A．He translated German literature into Chinese. B．He promoted Chinese literature in Germany. C．He set up art workshops in Peking University. D．He teamed with educators to explore Chinese culture. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．The History of the Silk Road Art Treasures B．Digital Technology: Renewing Ancient Dunhuang C．A Journey to Dunhuang: Discovering Cultural Mix D．Martin Woesler’s Lifelong Study of Chinese Culture Passage 9 （2025高一下·湖南长沙·期末）A few years ago, I stood in a small classroom just outside of New York City, watching a high schooler named Serena Stevenson answer math questions. A teacher read out numbers — 74,470, 70,809 and 98,402 — and Stevenson added them in her head. For each question, she closed her eyes, and then the fingers of her right hand began to move. She answered most of the questions correctly. The key to her success was an ancient technology called the abacus (算盘). Stevenson used a practice called the “mental abacus”, imagining the abacus in her mind and then using her fingers to work out the problems. From watching Stevenson, I knew that acquiring a skill at the abacus was more than a matter of counting beads (珠子), so I decided to sign up for an abacus course with my two daughters to see if we could also improve our math skills. I was one of the many who had some math doubts and I felt a touch of fear. My normal solution was escape, and if I had to calculate something, I would go online. Then after a few abacus classes and a good amount of practice, math seemed a little less frightening. I didn’t become Euclid, founder of geometry (几何学), but the practice reduced my fear. Confidence grows easily on the device, and abacus students are less likely to be nervous about an upcoming math test, according to one study. Part of the reason, it seems, is that practice and results appear to go hand in hand. My kids gained much as well. My youngest daughter could work out those math problems that once confused her, while my older child took her abacus to school to show it to her classmates and teachers. These were just small successes for them, but that was how they finally developed confidence. 1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To prove the difficulty of math. B．To introduce the topic of the abacus. C．To show the cleverness of Stevenson. D．To stress the importance of abacus learning. 2．What do we know about the author from Paragraph 3? A．He was weak in math. B．He was good at computers. C．He regarded math as useful. D．He had a close relationship with kids. 3．What did the author realize from his learning experience? A．All roads lead to Rome. B．It’s never too late to learn. C．Faith can move mountains. D．Practice makes perfect. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Secret to My Success B．A Rough Ride — Learning Math C．The Power of Learning the Abacus D．The Abacus — an Ancient Technology Passage 10 （2025高一下·湖南邵阳·期末）I was born with a rare disease that prevented the normal growth of my right arm. I was bullied(霸凌) at school. Those cruel comments won't affect me now, but back then they struck very hard. My parents realized playing with Lego was a great way to improve my flexibility, so they bought me a set when I was five. I built planes and cars, and even a prosthetic(假肢的) arm, though I had already decided I didn't need a prosthesis—they were very expensive, and I was doing just fine. I made one because it's fun. I have since made several new versions. And my latest model is the most advanced and comfortable. It has a control unit that can send and receive orders from sensors on the arm to the motors, with cables that contract like muscles. A lot of people don't have the resources to buy a prosthesis. I hate it when people have to pay up to 100,000 for a prosthesis. They shouldn't pay that much—it's not a luxury. My goal is to try to make some that more people can afford. When I was 19, the parents of an eight-year-old boy got in touch to ask if I could build him a prosthesis. His arms and legs are underdeveloped as part of his condition, so I made two prosthetic arms using Lego units costing only 15. His smile was very empowering(增强自信的) when he used them for the first time. To me, my creations don't necessarily tell the story of how I overcame my condition with Lego; they're about how I overcame bullying and being upset almost every day at school. 1．How did the author feel about his school experience? A．Encouraging. B．Tiring. C．Painful. D．Comfortable. 2．What is the author's main goal for making prostheses? A．To improve their function. B．To test their flexibility. C．To promote their luxury use. D．To reduce their cost. 3．What change does the author highlight from making prosthetics? A．He earned great fame. B．He found emotional relief. C．He cured his disability. D．He improved his grades. 4．What kind of person is the author? A．Sympathetic and creative. B．Outgoing and adaptable. C．Patient but aggressive. D．Ambitious but proud. Passage 11 （2025高一下·湖南衡阳·期末）At 75 years of age, Keith Dobell enjoys the opportunity to “give back”, spending several days a week breaking a sweat maintaining and improving Brixworth Country Park, over 20 km of the Brampton Valley Way and Martin Moore Wood in Northamptonshire. The work is physical— involving cutting back overgrown vegetation and dangerous overhanging trees, through to repairing pathways— but rewarding. “Personally, I enjoy the exercise, friendship and frequent contact with visitors,” Keith said. “Our team of volunteers from the Friends of Brampton Valley Way and Brixworth Country Park are a great bunch. The team of 12 consists mainly of elderly people but we have had a recent and welcome injection of younger members.” “Keeping the bushes under control helps the young trees to get more light, and removing unwanted plants and exposing the ground encourages wildflowers such as bluebells and primroses, increasing their foothold. I think the wildlife has benefited as the habitat improves. We have some valuable flowers growing in secret spots.” “On some days, the weather conditions are wonderful, but other times it can be pretty muddy, cold and unpleasant. On the worst of days we manage to find jobs inside maintaining tools, building nest boxes and signs. One difficult job is cleaning the areas on the hills next to the old train path on Brampton Valley Way. It's great for people who are good at climbing hills, but not so much for older folks like us. We managed to win grant funding to buy battery-powered equipment. Manual (手工的) work is all very well but mechanical help is a blessing.” “There is nothing extraordinary about our work other than the pleasure it gives us, but the appreciation we get from the public makes it worthwhile. I will simply continue to enjoy my days cutting back bushes and digging out old pipes until my arms and legs object too much.” 1．What does Keith mainly do in Brixworth Country Park? A．Maintain and improve the park. B．Provide assistance to visitors. C．Plant new trees and flowers. D．Manage the park's finances. 2．How does Keith describe his team of volunteers? A．They work only on weekends. B．They are all young and energetic. C．They are paid employees of the park. D．They are a diverse group with varying ages. 3．What effect does keeping the bushes under control have on the wildlife? A．It increases the amount of insects. B．It provides more light for young trees. C．It discourages the growth of wildflowers. D．It improves the habitat for unwanted plants. 4．What did Keith think of his job? A．Frustrating. B．Rewarding. C．Complicated. D．Effortless. Passage 12 （2025高一下·湖南衡阳·期末）I felt anxious when going into my room from school. Every day, my room was something different. The hours away at school were long enough to cause a terrible change to my peaceful harbor. Today was no exception. As I entered the house, Mom greeted me with a smile. It seemed like nothing was wrong. But I was still doubtful about it. Yesterday, around the mouth of my favorite figurine (小雕像) was a chocolate cookie. Obviously, Callie had enjoyed the cookie so much that she wanted to share it with my angel. I looked around for Callie, who had just turned three. I didn’t see her, but I heard the TV blaring (发出声音) in the other room. As I examined the family room, I noticed it was pretty messy. There were toys all over the floor, but none of them seemed to be mine. Maybe she hadn't entered today. I was so hopeful that I breathed a sigh of relief. I pushed my room door open and saw damage! There were a few headless dolls, some broken blocks, and a few juice-stained stuffed animals. “She did it again!” I screamed in anger. My mother ran up to me, embarrassed. She promised to put a Callie-proof lock on my door tonight. I felt better, because I knew that soon my room would truly belong to me. However, I was still angry with my little sister so I went into the family room to tell her how she had made life unpleasant for me. “Callie... ” I started. “Hooray!” she shouted. She leaped off the sofa and hugged my knees with such happiness that I could only look down at her and smile. After all, she was only three and learning about the world in her own way. And she always chose to explore and destroy my room because she loved me, her big sister. 1．Which of the following statements is not true? A．The purpose of the first paragraph is to introduce the background of the story. B．The hours away at school were long enough for author's sister to cause a change to her room. C．The author's room today was messy as usual. D．The figurine was author’s sister’ favorite toy. 2．Which of the following best describes the author’s sister? A．Smart and potential. B．Naughty and lovely. C．Horrible and awkward. D．Shallow and energetic. 3．How did the author react first when she found her room was messed up? A．She was friendly to her sister. B．She refused to accept her sister’s apology. C．She was angry with her sister. D．She thought her sister had done nothing wrong. 4．What finally helped the writer feel good again? A．The love between sisters. B．The promise to her sister. C．Her sister’s honesty. D．Her sister’s younger age. Passage 13 （2025高一下·湖南岳阳·期末）When the pool near Paris where he worked as a lifeguard was closed due to poor economic conditions, Guillaume Pop took jobs at various other pools that were almost empty. At one pool there was a small waterslide (水滑道), which gave the 22-year-old former competitive swimmer an idea: he would make a TikTok video in which he pretended to be a“professional waterslide tester”. Shooting down a slide in hard hat and hi-viz vest (防护衣) or smiling broadly in cool shapes to the music, Pop soon became a social media hit. He was hired to “test” slides and other facilities at water parks, swimming pools and campsites all over France. Today, he has more than half a million followers on TikTok and his own real-life waterslide-testing business. No longer working as a lifeguard, he travels the country checking the condition of waterslides, trying them out to determine how fun they are and creating amusing videos to attract customers. “First of all, I check it without water, to make sure it’s in an acceptable state,” explains Pop, who must keep up-to-date on water park regulations. If he finds a waterslide needs work — for example, if there are bumpy joints, which can hurt sliders — management will bring in a specialist repairer. “After that, I test it with water,” Pop says. Then he moves on to the fun, promotional aspect. Sometimes he takes over a leisure park and invites social media influencers to enjoy it too. In 2022, he took 25 influencers to O’Gliss Park, an enormous water park on the Atlantic coast. Pop estimates he’s tested around 700 French waterslides and is now eyeing water parks abroad, such as Switzerland, Portugal and Spain, where he has been testing slides during the winter. “It’s the best job in the world,” declares Pop, whose videos have received 80 million views. “I’m not behind a desk. I’m active and outside in the sun. And I build a positive relationship with customers. In fact, all the children tell me they want to be a waterslide tester!” 1．What motivated Guillaume Pop to make TikTok videos about waterslides? A．His interest in lifeguarding techniques. B．His passion for competitive swimming. C．A suggestion from his friends to become a social media hit. D．The loss of his lifeguard job due to poor economic conditions. 2．How did Guillaume Pop’s career change after gaining popularity on TikTok? A．He began working as a manager at a water park. B．He started a real-life waterslide-testing business. C．He joined a professional swimming team in Paris. D．He became a lifeguard at multiple pools in France. 3．Why does Guillaume Pop describe his job as“the best job in the world”? A．He gains a high salary and job security. B．He tests over 700 waterslides in France. C．He gets to travel extensively to different countries. D．He enjoys working outdoors and interacting with customers. 4．Which is a suitable title for the text? A．Guillaume Pop: The TikTok Star of Water Parks B．Guillaume Pop: From Lifeguard to a Traveler in Paris C．Guillaume Pop’s Journey: From Pool Closures to Waterslide Adventures D．Guillaume Pop’s Journey: Creating Waves in Swimming Pools Passage 14 （2025高一下·湖南长沙·期末）At my first lesson in Chinese calligraphy, my teacher told me plainly: “Now I will teach you how to write your name. And to make it beautiful.” I felt my breath catch. I was curious. Growing up in Singapore, I had an unusual relationship with my Chinese name. My parents are ethnically Chinese, so they asked fortune tellers to decide my name, aiming for maximum luck. As a result, I ended up with a nonsense and embarrassing name: Chen Yiwen, meaning, roughly, “old”, “barley (薏米)” and “warm”. When I arrived in America for college at 18, I put on an American accent and abandoned my Chinese name. When I moved to Hong Kong in 2021, after 14 years in the States, I decided to learn calligraphy. Why not get back in touch with my heritage? I thought. In calligraphy, the idea is to copy the old masters’ techniques, thereby refining your own. Every week, though, my teacher would give uncomfortably on-the-nose assessments of my person. “You need to be braver,” he once observed. “Have confidence. Try to produce a bold stroke(笔画).” For years, I had prided myself on presenting an image of confidence, but my writing betrayed me. I was trying to make sense of this practice. You must visualize the word as it is to be written and leave a trace of yourself in it. As a bodily practice, calligraphy could go beyond its own cultural restrictions. Could it help me go beyond mine? My teacher once said to me, “When you look at the word, you see the body. Though a word on the page is two-dimensional, it contains multitudes, conveying the force you’ve applied, the energy of your grip, the arch of your spine.” I had been learning calligraphy to get in touch with my cultural roots, but what I was really seeking was a return to myself. Now I have sensed that the pleasure out of calligraphy allows me to know myself more fully. During a recent lesson, my teacher pointed at the word I had just finished, telling me: “This word is much better. I can see the choices you made, your calculations, your flow. Trust yourself. This word is yours.” He might as well have said, “This word is you.” 1．What did the author initially think of her name “Chen Yiwen”? A．It was lucky so she gladly accepted it. B．She felt proud of its symbolic meaning. C．She understood the intention but still disliked it. D．Its strange pronunciation made her embarrassed. 2．The author decided to learn calligraphy to ______. A．pick up a new hobby B．reconnect with her origin C．gain insights into a new culture D．fit in with local community 3．From the teacher’s words, the author learns that calligraphy ______. A．reflects the creator’s spirits B．comes from creative energy C．highlights the design of strokes D．depends on continuous practice 4．What does the author intend to tell us? A．Appreciate what our culture offers. B．Find beauty from your inner self. C．A great teacher leads you to truth. D．We are the sum of what we create. Passage 15 （2025高一下·湖南长沙·期末）I’m now at a special university where 46 speech and hearing impaired (受损) students graduate each year. Every morning, I made it a practice of setting the intention (意图) in my heart of “May I be a tool for them to get what they need right now?”. Today, one girl came and sat down. I started with how we usually do. She can speak but cannot hear and lip-read. I asked one question, and she went on for 10 minutes straight, and in Tamil (泰米尔语). I understood a couple of words here and there, so I understood that she was not saying anything connected with what I asked. I just kept on listening to her without speaking a word. This went on for an hour and a half! Then, after a long pause, I told her to get back on track with another question. And then she shared for another half an hour straight! The whole time I was just looking in her eyes which would go here and there but come back to me. In the end, I just got up and hugged her and she was smiling wider. Then I invited her to have juice with me. She said yes. What put me in a state of fear was realizing, just a few minutes later, that treating my new friend to some juice was the first celebration of my very first salary! A month ago, I started my first job, and what a blessing to have this important moment in my life be rooted in generosity. 1．What was the writer’s intention according to Paragraph 1? A．A doubt. B．A wish. C．A struggle. D．A guess. 2．When the girl came, the writer _________. A．required her to speak in English B．discovered something strange about her C．asked her questions as usual D．began to teach her to lip-read 3．What did the girl do in the conversation? A．She asked the writer to speak. B．She listened most of the time herself. C．She stared at the writer’s eyes all the time. D．She went on talking for 1.5 hours before a long pause. 4．How did the writer feel after treating the girl to juice? A．Glad. B．Regretful. C．Bitter. D．Grateful. Passage 1 （2025高一下·湖南长沙·期末）Contemporary discourse on “appearance anxiety” often reductively attributes it to social media exposure. However, a deeper interdisciplinary analysis reveals this phenomenon as a complex interplay of neurodevelopmental vulnerability, evolved social cognition, and hyper-commercialized visual culture. Adolescence is marked by significant prefrontal cortex maturation, a region governing self-evaluation and impulse control, concurrently with heightened sensitivity in the limbic system’s social pain networks. This neurobiological mismatch renders teenagers acutely susceptible to perceived social evaluation, including aesthetic judgment. From an evolutionary psychology perspective, attention to appearance is not inherently pathological; it stems from hardwired mechanisms for assessing health, fertility, and social status within groups. The modern distortion lies in the industrialization of this instinct. A 2024 meta-analysis in JAMA Pediatrics correlates the rise in dysmorphic concern not merely with screen time, but specifically with algorithmic platforms that create homogenized, digitally altered “beauty templates” and facilitate constant social comparison with curated, often unattainable, peer imagery. This constitutes a perpetual, quantified social ranking system operating at an unprecedented scale and intensity. The consequences extend beyond transient distress. Chronic appearance-based self-criticism can lead to a cognitive habit of “self-objectification,” where individuals, particularly females, internalize an observer’s perspective on their own bodies. This persistent surveillance diverts finite cognitive resources — a process termed “ego depletion” — undermining performance on tasks requiring focused attention, such as academic work or complex problem-solving. Longitudinal data further links severe appearance anxiety to altered risk-reward calculations, increasing susceptibility to risky cosmetic procedures and disordered eating as maladaptive coping strategies. Mitigating this issue requires moving beyond simplistic “digital detox” prescriptions. Effective interventions must be tiered: fostering critical media literacy to deconstruct idealized imagery; promoting embodiment practices that shift focus from appearance to physical functionality and internal sensation; and systematically restructuring social environments — beginning with schools and families — to value and reward attributes like curiosity, kindness, and mastery over aesthetic conformity. 1．What does the passage suggest is a deeper cause of appearance anxiety beyond social media? A．A simple lack of parental supervision and guidance during teenage years. B．A temporary phase of hormonal imbalance that resolutions naturally with age. C．A neurodevelopmental mismatch coupled with the industrialization of evolved instincts. D．A deliberate marketing strategy by fashion corporations to increase clothing sales. 2．According to the 2024 meta-analysis, what specific aspect of digital platforms is most correlated with dysmorphic concern? A．The total amount of time spent on any screen-based activity. B．The use of algorithms that promote uniform beauty standards and foster social comparison. C．The exposure to anonymous negative comments and cyberbullying from strangers. D．The bright blue light emission that disrupts circadian rhythms and mood regulation. 3．The term “ego depletion” in the passage refers to which resulting problem? A．The physical exhaustion resulting from excessive exercise aimed at changing one’s body. B．The financial burden caused by spending too much money on beauty products and treatments. C．The diversion of mental resources away from tasks requiring concentration, harming performance. D．The loss of personal identity and individuality through blind imitation of online influencers. 4．Which approach is NOT mentioned by the author as a recommended tiered intervention? A．Developing skills to critically analyze and understand media content. B．Encouraging practices that connect individuals with bodily feelings beyond looks. C．Creating environments that appreciate non-aesthetic qualities like kindness and curiosity. D．Implementing government regulations to ban all digitally altered advertisements. Passage 2 （2025高一下·湖南长沙·期末）We all love our parents and turn to them when we’re in need, but would you like them to hear the conversations you have with your friends in the school playground or lunch queue? Social networking sites have become virtual extensions of the school hallways, so would you add your parents as “friends” and allow them to view your online activities and conversations with friends? In the past the generation gap included a technology gap, where children were up to date with the latest technology and parents were left behind, content to continue their day-to-day lives as they always had because they had no need to be tech-savvy (精通技术的). However, more and more parents are beginning to realize just how important social networks are in their lives. This realization has given many parents the motivation to educate themselves about social networking sites. These days many people are attracted to social networking sites because they can choose who they have around them; there’s also a certain amount of control over privacy that we don’t get in real life. Sometimes we feel that privacy is violated when we must accept a “friend” request from a parent or family member. It’s a difficult choice whether or not to allow a parent to become a part of our online lives. On the one hand we don’t want to “reject” their request because that might hurt their feelings or make them feel you have something to hide. On the other hand, if you do accept, then you could have a sense of being watched and no longer feel free to comment or communicate the way you did before. A recent survey suggested that parents shouldn’t take it personally if their child ignores their request: “When a teen ignores a parent’s friend request, it doesn’t necessarily mean that they are hiding something, but it could mean that this is one part of their life where they want to exert their independence.” Perhaps talking with parents and giving explanations would help soften the blow when you do choose not to add them to your friends list. 1．Why do many parents want to learn about social networking sites? A．Because they are eager to explore technologies. B．Because they are bored with their daily life. C．Because they want to watch their children. D．Because they start to realize their importance. 2．What might be the reason for teens to reject their parents’ friend request? A．They have nothing to hide. B．Their privacy cannot be guaranteed. C．They don’t want to teach their parents. D．They can’t choose friends around them. 3．Why is the survey mentioned in the passage? A．To warn parents. B．To relieve parents. C．To challenge parents. D．To criticize parents. 4．What is most likely to be talked about next? A．How to bridge the generation gap. B．How to make friends on social networks. C．How to explain to parents about the rejection. D．How to use the social networking sites wisely. Passage 3 （2025高一下·湖南长沙·期末）Is forgiveness against our human nature? To answer our question, we need to ask a further question: What is the essence of our humanity? For the sake of simplicity, people consider two distinctly different views of humanity. The first view involves dominance and power. In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans’ essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them. The second view involves the theme of cooperation, mutual respect, and even love as the basis of who we are as humans. Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions. For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony? From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. As an important note, when we take a classical philosophical perspective, that of Aristotle, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, its actual appropriation in conflict situations, develops with practice. 1．What is Droll’s idea about forgiveness? A．People who forgive can have their welfare affected. B．Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity. C．People should offer mercy to other people. D．Aggressive people should learn to forgive. 2．What does the example in Paragraph 2 illustrate? A．To fight is to grow. B．To dominate is to harm. C．To forgive is to love. D．To give is to receive. 3．What is the writer’s attitude toward forgiveness? A．Objective. B．Reserved. C．Favorable. D．Doubtful. 4．What is message of the last paragraph? A．Forgiveness is in our nature. B．It takes practice to forgive. C．Actuality is based on potentiality. D．Forgiveness grows with time. Passage 4 （2025高一下·湖南衡阳·期末）“Sating from now on, to be healthy, I will NOT eat any snacks besides granola bars (燕麦棒),” is what I told myself yesterday, and yet here I am today chewing a Chocopie. I’m aware that I’m breaking my own promise to myself. Instead of eating this, I should be working out or something. But the thing is, chocolate is too good at this moment for me to refuse it! As I type this, I’m experiencing what’s called instant gratification — the desire to experience pleasure or fulfillment without delaying it for a future benefit. Essentially, when you want it, you get it. Instant gratification is also the exact opposite of what we’re taught to do-delayed gratification: deciding to put off satisfying our current want to gain something better in the future. We’ve all encountered instant gratification before. Should I sleep in or wake up early to work out? When I get home, should I rest and watch TV first or get started on my homework? All humans have the tendency to seek pleasure and avoid pain, which is a basic but fundamental concept known as the pleasure principle. Originally coined by Sigmund Freud, it clearly states that all humans are driven, to some extent, by pleasure. Constantly seeking quick pleasure may bring subsequent troubles. However pleasant not doing your homework may seem pleasant right now, it only results in pleasure plagued by guilt and last-minute panicking late at night. An inability to resist instant gratification may result in underachieving in the long term and failure to meet certain goals. Instant gratification, however, is not necessarily a bad thing. You don’t always have to say no to things you want at that moment, and it’s good to treat yourself when you need it. In other words, times where you “treat yourself” are only valuable in combination with delayed gratification. While my Chocopie may taste good now, it’ll taste even better if I only eat it after I’ve worked out or done something healthy. 1．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By making a contrast. B．By giving a definition. C．By citing a personal case. D．By listing detailed problems. 2．Which of the following is an example of instant gratification? A．Purchasing items regardless of budgets. B．Exercising regularly for long-term health. C．Limiting time on social media platforms. D．Finishing homework before watching TV. 3．What does the underlined word “plagued” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Reminded. B．Highlighted. C．Introduced. D．Bothered. 4．What may the author agree with? A．Delayed gratification is pointless. B．Instant gratification should be prioritized. C．Enjoying the moment brings in endless pleasure. D．Instant treats paired with delayed gratification are sweeter. Passage 5 （23-24高一下·湖南长沙·期末）Social media is taking over our lives: Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and now, TikTok (抖音). These social media platforms have transformed from a way to stay connected to an industry where even kids can make money off their posts. While this may seem like another opportunistic (机会主义) innovation, it’s really full of hidden false realities. The median income (中位收入) recorded in the United States of America was about $63,000 in 2018. TikTokers can make anywhere from $50,000 to $150,000 for a TikTok brand partnership, and TikTokers with over a million followers can make up to $30,000 a month - $360,000 a year. They are making more than the average person trying to feed their family and keep a roof over their heads, simply by posting a 15-second video. This is mad in more ways than one. Not only is it an overpaid “job”, it promotes unworthy admiration from viewers and a false sense of reality. Many of these famous TikTokers are still teens, and the effects of fame at such an early stage in life might cause issues later in life, such as mental illness. Teens between the ages of 13 and 17 make up 27% of TikTok viewers, who can be easily influenced by what they are watching. They can put a false sense of self-value into who they look up to and what they represent: money, fame, being considered traditionally attractive. While TikTok has become a great tool for marketing, it’s important to understand how this content affects young viewers. If we’re constantly consuming content that shows us all we need to do to be successful is be traditionally attractive and post a 15-second video featuring a new dance, it will challenge our knowledge of what really makes someone successful and will in turn affect our individual work ethics (伦理). What about the people who miss birthday and family holidays due to their jobs and aren’t getting paid nearly as much as these TikTokers? Richard Colyer, president and creator of Metaphor, Inc, had his own view on this issue. “It sounds great to make money for doing the latest dance moves in a 15-second video, but we should feed the minds of kids and not just their bank accounts. TikTok can be great if used properly. Money alone is not good, technology alone is not good and connectedness can be bad if it’s only online.” Again, as a fellow consumer of TikTok, I do enjoy the app when I have some time to kill and need a good laugh. I’ m not against someone making a living on entertainment, but what does getting famous of a 15-second video teach young people? 1．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Social networking. B．Making money on social media. C．A job offered by TikTok. D．Staying connected to the Internet. 2．What do the numbers given in Paragraph 2 show? A．TikTokers are earning money easily. B．All TikTokers are richer than average people. C．Most TikTokers can become millionaires overnight. D．TikTokers earn much more than ordinary workers. 3．Which is the possible influence of TikTok on its young users? A．They tend to live an adult life too soon. B．They are forced to pay for certain services. C．They may quit other social media. D．They are likely to develop false value. 4．What can we infer from Richard Colyer’s comments? A．TikTok can be a positive influence if teens employ it wisely. B．Young TikTokers should be banned from making money. C．It is better to involve education on investment in TikTok videos. D．Contents of videos need checking before their release online. 5．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A．Say No to Tik Tok B．Join Young TikTokers C．TikTok - A Mine of Money D．A Job Vs An Entertainment / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $