专题01 动词不定式（知识清单）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习知识清单系统梳理了动词不定式专题，涵盖作主语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语、表语及省略用法七大核心考点，构建了从基础用法到特殊结构的完整知识框架。 清单通过知识脑图搭建脉络，考点分层突破，如“疑问词+不定式”作主语配易错提醒，感官使役动词用口诀助记。精选高考及模拟真题分类精炼，标注考向与解析，培养学生语言能力和思维品质，助力教师精准教学，提升复习效率。

专题01 动词不定式（知识清单） 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 动词不定式作主语 知识点1 动词不定式直接作主语 知识点2 “疑问词+不定式”作主语 知识点3 It作形式主语，不定式作真正主语 考点二 动词不定式作宾语 知识点1 只接to do作宾语的动词 知识点2 接to do/doing意义不同的动词 考点三 动词不定式作补足语 知识点1 说服鼓励类动词接不定式作宾补 知识点2 观感使役类动词接不定式作宾补 知识点3 with复合结构接不定式作宾补 知识点4 “据说据报道类”接不定式作补足语 考点四 动词不定式作定语 知识点1 序数词first等后常接动词不定式作定语 知识点2 形容词最高级后常接动词不定式作定语 知识点3 effort等名词后常接动词不定式作定语 考点五 动词不定式作状语 知识点1 动词不定式短语作目的状语 知识点2 动词不定式短语作结果状语 知识点3 动词不定式用于反射不定式 考点六 动词不定式作表语 知识点1 “主语+be+to do”句型 知识点2 主语含实义动词 do，表语不定式省略 to 考点七 动词不定式省略用法 知识点1 感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略不定式符号to 知识点2 某些特定句型中常省略不定式符号to，直接使用动词原形 知识点3 在一定上下文中，不定式可以省略，但保留不定式符号to 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 高考真题 名校模拟 写作升格 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点一 动词不定式作主语 知识点1 动词不定式直接作主语 不定式（to +动词原形）直接置于句首作主语，表示 、 或将来的行为。 To carry forward traditional Chinese culture is every teenager's duty. 弘扬中华传统文化是每位青少年的职责。 To promote classic culture enriches people's spiritual inner world. 弘扬经典传统文化丰盈人们的精神内心世界。 1. 动词不定式作主语，谓语常用单数形式。 To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness. 爱与被爱是最大的幸福。 2．该结构可以转化为It is+n./adj. + to do sth.。 To share innovative ideas with others is helpful.=It is helpful to share innovative ideas with others. 分享创新理念对大家很有帮助。 知识点2 “疑问词+不定式”作主语 “疑问词(what, how…)+不定式”结构可作主语等，表达“如何做/做什么”等含义。 How to boost tech innovation becomes our main task. 如何推动科技创新成为我们首要任务。 When and where to hold the meeting hasn’t been decided yet. 会议举办的时间和地点目前尚未确定。知识点3 It作形式主语，不定式作真正主语 1.“疑问词+不定式”结构作主语谓语用 ； 2.“疑问词+不定式”结构易错点在于结合语境选择合适的 。 1.当不定式作主语时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用 it 作 ，将真正的主语（不定式）置于 。常用于“It+be+形容词/名词(for/of sb)+to do sth.”或It takes sb time to do sth.句型。 It is a pity to miss such a wonderful lecture. 错过这么精彩的讲座很可惜。 It will take us a week to prepare for the coming exam. 我们要花一周时间准备即将到来的考试。 2.当形容词描述 （kind, clever, foolish 等）时，用of；当句中形容词 时用for。 It is meaningful for teenagers to do volunteer work. 对青少年来说做志愿活动很有意义。 It is brave of him to save the stranger in danger. 他很勇敢，救下了身处险境的陌生人。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）It took scholars and experts over two decades ____________ (complete) this ambitious project, which involved reproducing the world’s largest ancient encyclopedia. 2．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）It is of great significance for students ____________ (develop) critical thinking skills, as it helps them analyze problems independently in future study and work. 3．（25-26高三下·江苏盐城·月考）It is essential for the figures ____________ (update) on a regular basis, which is important for our research. 4.（25-26高三下·江苏盐城·月考）When and where to start the programs ____________(remain) unknown. 5. (2018浙江卷) Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap can be to eat out. 考点二 动词不定式作宾语 知识点1 只接to do作宾语的动词 英语中有些动词后只能接不定式作宾语，这类动词需要重点记忆。 mecarfipshwod （首字母谐音记忆） manage设法, expect期待, choose选择, afford承受/ agree答应/ attempt试图, refuse拒绝, fail未能, intend打算, plan计划/pretend假装/promise承诺, seem好像, hope希望hesitate犹豫，wish希望/want想要，offer主动提出，decide决定/desire想要/determine决心 We choose to help others and spread warmth around our daily life. 我们选择乐于助人，在生活中传递温暖。 We attempt to try new things and explore the wonderful world outside. 我们努力尝试新事物，探索外面精彩的世界。 Do not hesitate to lend a hand when people around you are in trouble. 身边人遇困时，请毫不犹豫地伸出援手。 知识点2 接to do/doing意义不同的动词 英语中有一些动词后接不定式和动名词时，意义差别较大，这类动词是语法中的重点和易错点。 frogshmt （首字母谐音记忆） forget忘记, remember记住/regret后悔, go on继续, stop停止, can’t help禁不住, mean打算, try试图 forget to do （未做） forget doing （已做） She forgot to buy the ingredients for tonight’s dinner.她忘了买今晚晚餐要用的食材。 He forgot telling me the plan, so he explained it again.他忘了已经跟我说过这个计划，所以又解释了一遍。 remember to do （未做） remember doing （已做） Please remember to send the email to the teacher before class.上课前记得把邮件发给老师。 I still remember meeting you for the first time at the station. 我还记得第一次在车站见到你的情景。 regret to do （未做） regret doing （已做） We regret to inform you that the flight has been cancelled. 我们很遗憾地通知您，本次航班已被取消。 I regret not taking your advice when I had the chance.我很后悔当初没有听你的建议。 go on to do （对象变了） go on doing （对象不变） She washed the clothes and went on to clean the living room.她洗完衣服，接着去打扫客厅。 Even though it rained, they went on planting trees in the yard.尽管下雨了，他们还是继续在院子里种树。 stop to do （对象变了） stop doing （对象不变） The driver stopped to let the old man cross the road safely. 司机停下来，让老人安全地过马路。 The doctor told him to stop smoking for the sake of his health.医生告诉他，为了健康要戒烟。 can’t help (to) do can’t help doing He can’t help to carry your box; his hands are full. 他没法帮你搬箱子，他手里已经拿满东西了。 I can’t help laughing when I hear the funny story.听到这个有趣的故事，我忍不住笑了。 mean to do （未做） mean doing （解释作用） He didn’t mean to hurt your feelings at all. 他根本不是故意要伤害你的感情。 Keeping healthy means having a good habit of life. 保持健康意味着拥有良好的生活习惯。 try to do （不一定成功） try doing （强调尝试和行动） We tried to calm him down, but he was still angry. 我们尽力安抚他，但他还是很生气。 Try listening to music when you feel stressed. 压力大的时候，试着听听音乐。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. I remember 62 (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over the uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster. 2. (2006湖南)If you think that treating a woman well means always ________(get) her permission for things, think again. 3. (2018天津) I didn’t mean __________(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help __________(try) it. 4. (2018浙江) I still remember __________(visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 5. (2012安徽) I remembered _________(lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. 6. (2015四川)--Look! The window is open. --I’m sorry. I forgot ____________ (close) it. 7. (2008湖南) Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _________(live) alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home. 8. (2015陕西) After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on __________(thank) all the people who had helped in her career. 9. (1995全国)---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. ---Well, now I regret __________(do) that. 10. (1996上海) While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _____________ (persuade) into buying something they don’t really need. 考点三 动词不定式作补足语 知识点1 说服鼓励类动词接不定式作宾补 1.persuade, encourage, expect, remind, expect 等动词通常接 “宾语+不定式（to do）” 结构作宾语补足语。 Parents should encourage children to face difficulties bravely. 父母应该鼓励孩子勇敢面对困难。 He reminded me to lock the door before leaving. 他提醒我离开前锁好门。 2.上述结构的否定形式是在 ，如persuade sb not to do。 Doctors warn people not to stay up for a long time. 医生告诫大家不要长期熬夜。 She told the kids not to touch the dangerous equipment. 她告诉孩子们不要触碰危险设备。 知识点2 观感使役类动词接不定式作宾补 观感使役类动词接不定式作宾语补足语 ，但在被动语态中 。 （汉语谐音记忆） notice, let, make, hear, listen to, see, observe, watch, have, feel The sudden heavy rain made all the visitors stay inside the museum. 突如其来的大雨让所有游客都留在了博物馆里。 We heard an old musician play the piano beautifully in the corner of the hall. 我们听见一位老乐手在大厅的角落弹奏优美的钢琴曲。 1. 观感使役类动词接不定式作宾语补足语省略不定式符号to，但在被动语态中to应加上。 Those workers were made to work for more than ten hours every day. 那些工人被迫每天工作十多个小时。 2.对比：观感使役类动词接现在分词短语作宾语补足语，表示一个 、 动作；接过去分词短语表示一个 。 I felt my heart beating fast when standing on the stage. 站在舞台上时，我感觉自己的心在怦怦直跳。 He got his clothes washed before going out this morning. 今早出门前，他把自己的衣服都拿去洗好了。 知识点3 with复合结构接不定式作宾补 “with+名词+不定式” 结构中，不定式表示一个 、 动作，强调将要发生的行为。 With several letters to write, she decided to stay at home the whole afternoon. 还有几封信要写，她决定一下午都待在家里。 With three meals to cook every day, my mother always gets up earlier than everyone else. 每天还要准备三餐，妈妈总是比所有人起得都早。 1.上述结构省略介词with构成独立主格结构，不定式用法不变。 Many customers to receive, the shop assistants are kept busy all day long. 还有许多顾客要接待，店员们一整天都忙个不停。 2.with sth done表示宾语和宾语补足语之间 ；with sb doing表示宾语和宾补之间 。 With all tasks finished ahead of time, we decided to go for a walk in the park. 所有任务都提前完成了，我们决定去公园散散步。 With his hands trembling slightly, the old man told us his unforgettable experience. 老人双手微微颤抖，向我们讲述着他难忘的经历。 知识点4 “据说据报道类”接不定式作补足语 在“be said/believed/reported/known to do”结构中，不定式短语本质上是对主语的动作或状态进行补充说明，相当于“主语被认为/据说/据报道/众所周知要做某事”，此处不定式承担主语补足语的功能（因句子为被动语态。 This kind of plant is believed to have special medical value. 人们认为这种植物具备特殊的药用价值。 My head teacher is known to treat every student equally and patiently. 众所周知，班主任对待每一位学生都公平且有耐心。 “be said/believed/reported/known to do”结构中动词不定式结合语境还需要考虑使用 、 、甚至 。 The valuable relic is believed to be kept in a secret museum room. 人们认为这件珍贵文物被收藏在博物馆的隐秘展厅中。 The rescue team is reported to be searching for survivors in the mountain area. 据报道，救援队此刻正在山区搜寻幸存者。 He is said to have travelled to more than twenty countries in the past ten years. 据说在过去十年里，他已经游历了二十多个国家。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. He came late, so he was made ____________(stand) outside the classroom for ten minutes. 2. The result of the competition wasn’t made __________(know) to the public until ten days later. 3. (2020浙江1月卷)The median (中位数的) age of an American in 1950 was 30—today it is 41 and is expected____________(increase) to 42 by 2050. 4. Energy drinks are not allowed ____________(make) in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand. 5. They are required ______________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. 6. Robert is said _____________(study) abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in. 7. Police are searching for a woman who is reported to _____________(miss) since the flood hit the area. 8．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习） “The younger generation wants new expressions to present our culture,” said Xiong, adding the company aims to enable more people (accept), experience, and dig into the stories behind them by integrating Chinese culture into product design. 9．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）As the bar chart shows, with so many environmental problems (solve), governments and citizens need to work together more closely than ever. 10．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）The term is thought (use) firstly in 16th century England to describe dough balls dropped in liquid. 考点四 动词不定式作定语 知识点1 序数词first等后常接动词不定式作定语 当序数词（如 first, second, third, last 等）修饰名词时，其后常接动词不定式（to do）作定语，用来修饰该名词。这种结构不定式与被修饰的名词构成“ ”或“ ”，即名词是不定式动作的执行者或承受者。 She is the second person to volunteer for the rural teaching program in our school. 她是我校第二位报名参加乡村支教项目的人。 The last task to finish is to sort out all the useful information. 最后一项要完成的任务是整理所有有用的资料。 知识点2 形容词最高级后常接动词不定式作定语 形容词最高级（如 the tallest, the most important 等）后常接动词不定式（to do）作定语，用于修饰其后面的名词。这种结构通常表示“最适合做某事”“最值得做某事”或“最有能力做某事”等含义。 He is the bravest student to face difficulties bravely in our class. 他是我们班里最敢于直面困难的学生。 That was the hardest decision to make during my growing-up years. 那是我成长过程中最难做出的一个决定。 知识点3 effort等名词后常接动词不定式作定语 某些抽象名词（如decision, wish, chance/opportunity, promise, plan, time, attempt, effort, right, ability, patience等）后常接动词不定式（to do）作定语，用来具体说明该名词所指代的“内容”“目的”或“相关动作”。 She has a strong wish to travel around the world when she grows up. 她心中有个强烈的愿望，长大后环游世界。 Reading widely can develop your ability to understand and analyze problems. 广泛阅读能够培养你理解和分析问题的能力。 1.不定式作定语，有时需要考虑被动形式to be done表示一个 、 动作。 We still have plenty of meaningful things to do in the coming holiday. 在即将到来的假期里，我们还有不少有意义的事要做。 Lots of important details to be checked lie on the manager’s desk. 许多待核查的重要资料都摆在经理的办公桌上。 2.有时候出现for sb to do sth.句式，for短语是不定式的逻辑主语。 It is a precious chance for us to experience different local cultures. 这是我们体验多样地域文化的宝贵机会。 This is a perfect platform for young students to show their real talent. 这是青年学子展现自身才华的绝佳平台。 3.对比：-ing短语作定语表示一个 、 动作；-being done短语作定语表示一个 、 动作；-ed短语作定语表示一个 、 动作。 The birds flying above the lake bring us much joy and relaxation. 湖面上方飞翔的鸟儿为我们带来诸多欢乐与惬意。 The new library being built nearby will open to us next term. 附近正在修建的新图书馆将于下学期对我们开放。 The bridge built ten years ago connects the two small villages well. 十年前建成的这座桥顺畅地连通着两个小村庄。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（25-26高三下·北京·二轮复习）Budz’s innovation shows young people’s remarkable capability __________ (tackle) complex technical and environmental challenges. 2．（25-26高三·全国·课后作业）At the time, the subway station was simply a proposal __________ (extend) Frankfurt’s subway system. 3．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Yet, I believe I will always miss China when the time comes for me __________ (leave) the country. 4．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）China has introduced a national childcare subsidy(补贴) system starting this year, as part of efforts __________ (improve) the childbirth support system and promote high-quality population development, the country’s top health official said on Thursday. 5．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Professor Wang Jianxin of Shaanxi’s Northwest University, who is the first Chinese scholar __________ (conduct) archaeological investigation in Central Asia, finally discovered the remains of the Yuezhi Culture and the Kangju Kingdom, making important contributions to archaeological studies along the Silk Road. 6．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Minimal use of props (道具) can be seen as another move __________ (reduce) carbon emissions while it didn’t lessen the performance’s charm at all. 7．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）The extreme temperatures have led to lower harvests and restricted Europe’s ability __________ (create) its own energy supply. 8．（25-26高三·江西新余·开学考试）He stood up in defence of the old lady, saying she was not the one __________ (blame). 9．（26-27高三上·全国·课后作业）What’s more important, we should seize every opportunity __________ (educate) everyone about global warming. 10．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）It is hoped that this project __________ (accomplish) by the end of 2027 will be a popular tourist attraction of the city. 考点五 动词不定式作状语 知识点1 动词不定式短语作目的状语 1.to do短语作目的状语，可位于 ，意为“为了……”。 To keep healthy, many people choose to take exercise in their spare time. 为了保持健康，很多人选择在业余时间锻炼身体。 2.so as to do短语作目的状语，只能位于 ，意为“为了……”。 Please speak slowly so as to make yourself understood clearly. 请放慢语速，好让大家能听清你的话。 3.in order to do短语作目的状语，可位于 或 ，意为“为了……”。 They saved money for months in order to travel around the country. 他们攒了好几个月的钱，就为了环游全国。 1.动词不定式作状语，根据语境还可能用 --not to do。 We took a different route so as not to meet the heavy traffic on the main road. 我们改走别的路线，避开主干道的拥堵。 2.动词不定式作状语，根据语境还可能用 --to be done。 All the documents are sorted out carefully in order to be checked by the manager. 所有文件都仔细整理好了，等待经理审核。 3. 注意不定式短语作目的状语位于句末，前边不能有 。 He runs every morning to keep healthy and full of energy. 他每天晨跑，以此保持健康、精力充沛。 知识点2 动词不定式短语作结果状语 1.only to do短语位于句末，表示 ，有时还需要用 形式。 She raised her hand to answer the question, only to be ignored by the teacher. 她举手想要回答问题，结果老师并没有注意到她。 He volunteered to offer help, only to be politely turned down by others. 他主动上前帮忙，却遭到了对方婉言谢绝。 2.too…to do…短语表示“太……不能”，不定式作结果状语。 The box is too heavy for the little boy to carry alone. 这个箱子太重，小男孩一个人搬不动。 The problem is too difficult for most beginners to work out in a short time. 这道题难度太大，多数初学者没法短时间内解出来。 1.never too…to… 越…… 越好；再…… 也不为过。 You are never too careful to do such important work. 做这类重要工作，再细心也不为过。 2.too…not to… 非常…… 必定会……（肯定含义）。 She is too smart not to realize the meaning behind his words. 她十分聪慧，肯定能领会他话里的深意。 3.形容词/副词+enough to do 短语表示“ ”。 He is old enough to take care of himself when his parents are away. 他年纪已足够大，父母不在时能够照顾自己。 The hall is big enough to hold more than five hundred people at the same time. 这个大厅空间充足，可同时容纳五百多人。 4.so…as to do, such…as to do短语表示“ ”，不定式作结果状语。 He was so excited as to jump up from his seat when hearing the good news. 听到喜讯，他激动得从座位上跳了起来。 It was such a touching story as to make every listener moved deeply. 这个故事格外感人，让每位听者都深受触动。 知识点3 动词不定式用于反射不定式 “be+形容词+to do” 结构被称为反射不定式，不定式“ ”的特点。形容词描述主语的特征或性质，不定式虽然是主动形式，但主语实际上是不定式动作的承受者。 The poem is beautiful to recite in class meetings.这首诗在班会上朗诵起来十分优美。 This practical skill is tricky to master within a short time.这项实用技能短时间内很难掌握。 This soft chair is comfortable to sit on all day long. 这把软椅子整日坐起来都很舒服。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（25-26高三·北京·三轮复习） (ease) his pain, she reached for a small jar containing a thick paste — a mixture made from Angelica sinensis. 2．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习） (celebrate) the anniversary, the PLAAF released a microfilm named Dreaming Far, showcasing a three-aircraft formation of the Xuanlong-08 drone and two manned fighter jets (J-16 and J-20). 3．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Why would we, as a society, put so much time and effort into constructing buildings that keep nature out, only (keep) bringing bits of it inside them constantly? 4．（25-26高三·上海·三轮复习）Reaching this ice-covered world was not easy. Many had tried before them, only____________ (force) back by terrible conditions. 5．（25-26高三·全国·课后作业）Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough (prefer) a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. 6．（25-26高三·全国·一轮复习）I am very proud and excited (display) the traditional Chinese musical instrument in Cuba and communicate with local musicians. 7．（25-26高三·江苏镇江·开学考试）Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy (care) for and make great presents. 8. （25-26高三·河南郑州·开学考试）_____________(accept) as an Olympic event, a sport must be played in at least 75 countries on at least 4 continents. 9. （25-26高三·河北唐山·开学考试）I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _________ (breathe). 10. (2019全国I卷) Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive __________ (perform) consistently over a large area. 考点六 动词不定式作表语 知识点1 “主语+be+to do”句型 不定式（to do）作表语时，通常位于系动词（如 be, seem, appear, become, remain 等）之后，用以说明主语的内容、性质、目的、身份或未来的动作。 What I need now is to have a good rest. 我现在需要的是好好休息一下。 The purpose of this meeting is to discuss the new policy. 这次会议的目的是讨论新政策。 The plan appears to be practical. 这个计划似乎是可行的。 知识点2 主语含实义动词 do，表语不定式省略 to 当句子的主语部分含有实义动词 do（包括各种形式：do, does, did, doing, done）时，作表语的不定式（to do）通常可以省略不定式符号 to，直接用动词原形。 What he does in his spare time is (to) read storybooks. 他空闲时做的事就是读故事书。 The only thing they did that day was (to) look after the sick animals. 那天他们唯一做的事就是照料生病的动物。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）The ultimate goal of the research project is (explore) new energy sources that are environmentally friendly and sustainable. 2．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）In the evening the only thing he did was (read) newspapers. 3．（25-26高三·全国·课后作业）The latest information confirms my belief that he is (blame) for the accident. 4．（25-26高三·全国·课后作业）The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, (not make) it more difficult. 5．（25-26高三·江苏扬州·期中）Still, practical problems remain (solve), such as ensuring the trips are safe as many taxis will be flown without pilots. 考点七 动词不定式省略用法 知识点1 观感使役类动词省略to 感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略不定式符号to。 The teacher watched the students play games on the playground. 老师看着学生们在操场上做游戏。 We observed the craftsman make delicate handicrafts with his own hands. 我们观察手艺人亲手制作精巧的手工艺品。 知识点2省略不定式to的固定句型 某些特定句型中常省略不定式符号to，直接使用动词原形。 may as well do sth 最好还是做…… had better do 最好做某事 do nothing but do sth 别无选择只好做某事 can’t help but do sth. 禁不住做某事 Why not do sth? 何不做某事？ prefer to do…rather than do sth, 宁愿做……而不愿做…… would rather do…than do… 宁愿做……而不愿做…… We may as well set off now so that we can reach the station on time.我们最好现在出发，这样才能准时赶到车站。 You had better take an umbrella, for it is going to rain soon.你最好带上雨伞，因为马上就要下雨了。 Why not join us in the activity and enjoy the beautiful scenery?何不加入我们的活动，一同欣赏美景呢？ Most students prefer to study hard rather than waste time on useless games. 多数学生宁愿刻苦学习，也不愿把时间浪费在无益的游戏上。 I would rather stick to my dream than give it up easily in face of difficulty. 面对困难，我宁愿坚守梦想也不愿轻易放弃。 Everyone can’t help but admire her courage when hearing her experience. 听闻她的经历，所有人都忍不住心生敬佩。 We can't choose but accept the result after careful consideration. 深思熟虑后，我们只得接受这个结果。 知识点3 保留不定式to的省略用法 在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号to。注意不定式后面是动词be时，be应保留。 They invited me to attend the party, but I didn’t want to. 他们邀我参加派对，可我并不想去。 She hopes to be kind to others and always tries to be. 她立志待人友善，并且始终努力践行。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The young girl was observed ________________(enter) the office silently. 2. Rather than ______(ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers　_______(ride) a bicycle. 3. As we all know, China is no longer the country it used __________(be). 优题精练·专题实战通关 高考真题分类精炼（动词不定式） 考向1考查动词不定式短语作目的状语，多放在句首，后边多用逗号 1.（2025天津3月卷改编）____________(impress) the audience, the speaker prepared a detailed and engaging presentation. 2.（2025八省联考卷）The goal was two-fold: (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six tongues. 3.（2024新课标I卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 4.（2024九省联考卷）He knows that computers are here (stay) and that they will not disappear. 5.（2024浙江1月卷）The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. 6.（2023全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) __________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. 7.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority __________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 8.（2022新课标II卷）Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up __________ (see) them. 9.（2022全国乙卷）__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 10.（2021新课标II卷）I decided to do something __________ (educate) people about this problem. 11.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over __________ (plant) flowers in the front yard. 12.（2020全国I卷）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 __________ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. 13.（2020全国III卷）The next morning he hired a boat and set out __________ (find) the well-known painter. 14.(2020·浙江卷) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology __________ (change) lives. 考向2考查动词不定式短语作定语 15.（2025全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me the chance (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 16.（2025浙江I月卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing. 17（2024天津3月卷）From the first explorers to today's travelers, humans have always had a desire _________ (discover) new places. 18.（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step __________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 19.（2022北京卷）As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention __________ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 20.（2021北京卷）Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need (invest) in disaster prevention. 21. (2019·全国II卷)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans __________(retire) from her 36-year-old business. 考向3考查动词不定式短语作主语 22.（2021全国甲卷）It is possible __________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 23.（2020北京卷）It takes them hundreds of years __________ (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. 考向4 考查动词不定式短语作宾语 24.（2025全国一卷）We hope (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism. 25.（2024全国甲卷）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ___________(catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. 26.（2023新课标I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 27.（2023新课标I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents. 28.（2022新课标II卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know __________to thank him.” 29.（2022浙江1月卷）That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans __________ (continue) the practice. 30.（2021全国乙卷）Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim __________ (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 考点5考查动词不定式短语作宾语补足语或状语 31.（2026浙江1月卷）There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉) __________ (finish) heating, but my mum did it. 32. （2024新课标II卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___________ (find) the connection between the two great writers. 33.（2022浙江卷）Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not __________ (do). 34.（2020浙江1月卷）Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的) age of an American in 1950 was 30; today it is 41 and is expected __________ (increase)to 42 by 2050. 考点6考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义 35.（2020全国II卷）Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy__________ (care) for and make great presents. 名校模拟分类精炼（动词不定式） 1．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）He pretended (read) when the teacher came in. 2．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）The entire process, highly dependent on local climate and water quality, can take more than two years (finish). 3．（25-26高三·北京·二轮复习）Every day, I make it a point (visit) her and bring along a bunch of flowers. 4．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）They prefer using bright colors, such as bright red, bright green and yellow and so on, and tend (bring) the contrast between them into such clear relief that will give a vividness and bouncing visual effect. 5．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）One promising method is to use extra energy from renewable sources. For example, data centers can be programmed (perform) energy-intensive tasks when solar or wind power is most available. 6．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）In large scenes or landscapes, your eyes are meant (travel) along a visual path from one area to another. 7．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）This grand mission was intended (strengthen) China’s capacity in surveying deep-sea environments and increased the nation’s global influence in this field. 8．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）It remains (see) whether my mother will recover from such a serious illness. 9．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）The flu is believed (cause) by viruses that like to reproduce very quickly. 10．（25-26高二上·吉林长春·期中）I have no alternative but (ask) him for an appropriate way to solve the problem. 11．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）The government encourages local communities (participate) in cultural heritage preservation through training programs. 12．（25-26高三上·福建厦门·期中）He pretended (finish) his homework when his mother checked, but the blank pages gave him away. 13．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）His works are reported (translate) into 20 languages in the past decade. 14．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Mr Li is said (study) abroad. But I don’t know which country he is studying in. 15．（25-26高三·北京·三轮复习） (ensure) safety during the journey, specially designed equipment will be used for separate pet transport. 16．（25-26高三下·北京·二轮复习）A tech company created a screen-free smartphone that allows kids (chat) with loved ones without the distractions of a touchscreen. 17．（25-26高三下·北京·二轮复习）Budz’s innovation shows young people’s remarkable capability _________ (tackle) complex technical and environmental challenges. 18．（2026高三上·河南鹤壁·专题练习） (show) our great concern about the disabled, the Student’s English club will organize an activity with the theme “What can we do for the disabled”. 19．（25-26高三·北京·二轮复习）The essence of learning is extreme repetition and persistence until you become experienced through practice, skilled enough (apply) what you gain and eventually form muscle memory. 20．（25-26高三下·全国·课前预习）He hurried to the station, only (inform) that the train had left. 21．（25-26高三上·广东·期中）Can you give me some advice? I find it difficult (motivate) my workers to work more efficiently. 22．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）Group leader’s duty is (ensure) that all pupils in his group understand and practice what the teacher has taught. 23．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Tourism and Hospitality Minister Louise Upston said that smoother, more seamless travel will encourage more Chinese tourists   (regard) New Zealand as part of their next holiday. 24．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Duan Xiaoming, head of the Hunan Museum, said the return will enable the Hunan Museum (integrate) the returned volumes with its existing collection. 25．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）As the bar chart shows, with so many environmental problems (solve), governments and citizens need to work together more closely than ever. 26．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）All students are required (bring) reusable lunch boxes and water bottles for the eco-friendly picnic. 27．（2026高三上·北京·专题练习）We all know we should exercise more, but the biggest barrier for many is feeling like we just don’t have an hour (spare). 28．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）With a target (restore) 2.34 million hectares of degraded land by 2030, this ongoing initiative will safeguard the environment and promote regional sustainable development. 29．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）She sees her “relic makeup” as the perfect way (integrate) her artistic skills with her passion for culture. 30．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Dr. Goodall was the first scientist (explain) to the world that chimpanzee mothers are capable of giving birth only once every four and a half to six years. 31．（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）All the audience were waiting for the final result of the competition _________ (announce). 32．（25-26高三·上海·专题练习）But it was almost impossible to decide where (look) because there are so many small islands and the ocean is so large. 33．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）When and where (hold) the next international conference on climate change has not been decided yet by the organizing committee. 34．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）So pessimistic was my classmate that he had no idea to release his tremendous pressure. 35．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）I learned a lot about how (extend) the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. 重点语法写作升格（动词不定式） 1. (2026浙江1月)我们好不容易把牛拴在树上后，便开始商量该怎么处置它。(manage) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. (2025全国一卷)令我宽慰的是，我哥哥次日回了电话，我们商定近期碰面。(agree) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. (2025全国二卷)在一次课堂研讨中，老师请我阐释自己名字的寓意。(invite) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4. (2024新课标I卷) 1.通过几个快捷动作，他很快就转移了一些资金来支付车费。(manage) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. (2024新课标I卷)我鼓起勇气，承诺四天后付清车费和一些额外的小费。(promise) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6. (2024新课标I卷) 有像冈特这样一个心地善良的朋友，我感到很幸运。(bless) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 7. (2024浙江1月)她刚一回到迷乱的迷宫，就开始探索一楼。(set out) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 8. (2023新高考I)直到我参加了颁奖典礼并拿到了证书，我还是觉得很难相信。(find it) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 9. (2023新高考I)我紧紧地拥抱着他，无法表达他对我的信任有多重要。(unable) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 10. (2023浙江1月)我花了一下午的时间探索农场，希望能一睹这只小鸟的风采。(hope) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 22 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 动词不定式（知识清单） 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 动词不定式作主语 知识点1 动词不定式直接作主语 知识点2 “疑问词+不定式”作主语 知识点3 It作形式主语，不定式作真正主语 考点二 动词不定式作宾语 知识点1 只接to do作宾语的动词 知识点2 接to do/doing意义不同的动词 考点三 动词不定式作补足语 知识点1 说服鼓励类动词接不定式作宾补 知识点2 观感使役类动词接不定式作宾补 知识点3 with复合结构接不定式作宾补 知识点4 “据说据报道类”接不定式作补足语 考点四 动词不定式作定语 知识点1 序数词first等后常接动词不定式作定语 知识点2 形容词最高级后常接动词不定式作定语 知识点3 effort等名词后常接动词不定式作定语 考点五 动词不定式作状语 知识点1 动词不定式短语作目的状语 知识点2 动词不定式短语作结果状语 知识点3 动词不定式用于反射不定式 考点六 动词不定式作表语 知识点1 “主语+be+to do”句型 知识点2 主语含实义动词 do，表语不定式省略 to 考点七 动词不定式省略用法 知识点1 感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略不定式符号to 知识点2 某些特定句型中常省略不定式符号to，直接使用动词原形 知识点3 在一定上下文中，不定式可以省略，但保留不定式符号to 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 高考真题 名校模拟 写作升格 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研·知能分层突破 考点一 动词不定式作主语 知识点1 动词不定式直接作主语 不定式（to +动词原形）直接置于句首作主语，表示一次性、具体的动作或将来的行为。 To carry forward traditional Chinese culture is every teenager's duty. 弘扬中华传统文化是每位青少年的职责。 To promote classic culture enriches people's spiritual inner world. 弘扬经典传统文化丰盈人们的精神内心世界。 1. 动词不定式作主语，谓语常用单数形式。 To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness. 爱与被爱是最大的幸福。 2．该结构可以转化为It is+n./adj. + to do sth.。 To share innovative ideas with others is helpful.=It is helpful to share innovative ideas with others. 分享创新理念对大家很有帮助。 知识点2 “疑问词+不定式”作主语 “疑问词(what, how…)+不定式”结构可作主语等，表达“如何做/做什么”等含义。 How to boost tech innovation becomes our main task. 如何推动科技创新成为我们首要任务。 When and where to hold the meeting hasn’t been decided yet. 会议举办的时间和地点目前尚未确定。知识点3 It作形式主语，不定式作真正主语 1.“疑问词+不定式”结构作主语谓语用单数形式； 2.“疑问词+不定式”结构易错点在于结合语境选择合适的疑问词。 1.当不定式作主语时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语，将真正的主语（不定式）置于句末。常用于“It+be+形容词/名词(for/of sb)+to do sth.”或It takes sb time to do sth.句型。 It is a pity to miss such a wonderful lecture. 错过这么精彩的讲座很可惜。 It will take us a week to prepare for the coming exam. 我们要花一周时间准备即将到来的考试。 2.当形容词描述人的品质（kind, clever, foolish 等）时，用of；当句中形容词描述动作特征时用for。 It is meaningful for teenagers to do volunteer work. 对青少年来说做志愿活动很有意义。 It is brave of him to save the stranger in danger. 他很勇敢，救下了身处险境的陌生人。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）It took scholars and experts over two decades ____________ (complete) this ambitious project, which involved reproducing the world’s largest ancient encyclopedia. 2．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）It is of great significance for students ____________ (develop) critical thinking skills, as it helps them analyze problems independently in future study and work. 3．（25-26高三下·江苏盐城·月考）It is essential for the figures ____________ (update) on a regular basis, which is important for our research. 4.（25-26高三下·江苏盐城·月考）When and where to start the programs ____________(remain) unknown. 5. (2018浙江卷) Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap can be to eat out. 【答案解析】 1. to complete 解析：句意：学者和专家们花了二十多年的时间才完成了这项雄心勃勃的工程，该工程涉及复制世界上最大的古代百科全书。此处考查固定句型“It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.”，表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式短语，所以空处需要动词不定式。 2. to develop 解析：考查固定句型。句意：培养学生的批判性思维能力非常重要，因为这有助于他们在以后的学习和工作中独立分析问题此处为句型“It is + adj./n. + for sb. to do sth.”，it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。故填to develop。 3. to be updated 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：定期更新数据是必要的，这对我们的研究很重要。根据“It is essential for the figures”可知，此处用固定句型It is essential for… to do sth.表示“让……做某事是必要的”，it是形式主语，真正的主语用不定式形式，且update和the figures逻辑上是被动关系，因此应用update的不定式被动语态。故填to be updated。 4. remains 解析：考查非谓语动词及主谓一致。wh-to do短语作主语，谓语用单数。故答案是remains。 5. it。 解析：考查非谓语动词及It用法。分析句子结构可知，该宾语从句是it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语的句子。故答案是it。 考点二 动词不定式作宾语 知识点1 只接to do作宾语的动词 英语中有些动词后只能接不定式作宾语，这类动词需要重点记忆。 mecarfipshwod美咖啡不是我的（首字母谐音记忆） manage设法, expect期待, choose选择, afford承受/ agree答应/ attempt试图, refuse拒绝, fail未能, intend打算, plan计划/pretend假装/promise承诺, seem好像, hope希望hesitate犹豫，wish希望/want想要，offer主动提出，decide决定/desire想要/determine决心 We choose to help others and spread warmth around our daily life. 我们选择乐于助人，在生活中传递温暖。 We attempt to try new things and explore the wonderful world outside. 我们努力尝试新事物，探索外面精彩的世界。 Do not hesitate to lend a hand when people around you are in trouble. 身边人遇困时，请毫不犹豫地伸出援手。 知识点2 接to do/doing意义不同的动词 英语中有一些动词后接不定式和动名词时，意义差别较大，这类动词是语法中的重点和易错点。 frogshmt青蛙是聪明的（首字母谐音记忆） forget忘记, remember记住/regret后悔, go on继续, stop停止, can’t help禁不住, mean打算, try试图 forget to do 忘记要去做某事（未做） forget doing 忘记已经做过某事（已做） She forgot to buy the ingredients for tonight’s dinner.她忘了买今晚晚餐要用的食材。 He forgot telling me the plan, so he explained it again.他忘了已经跟我说过这个计划，所以又解释了一遍。 remember to do 记得将要做某事（未做） remember doing 记得已经做过某事（已做） Please remember to send the email to the teacher before class.上课前记得把邮件发给老师。 I still remember meeting you for the first time at the station. 我还记得第一次在车站见到你的情景。 regret to do 遗憾去做某事（未做） regret doing 后悔做过某事（已做） We regret to inform you that the flight has been cancelled. 我们很遗憾地通知您，本次航班已被取消。 I regret not taking your advice when I had the chance.我很后悔当初没有听你的建议。 go on to do 继续做另一件事 （对象变了） go on doing 继续做正在做的事 （对象不变） She washed the clothes and went on to clean the living room.她洗完衣服，接着去打扫客厅。 Even though it rained, they went on planting trees in the yard.尽管下雨了，他们还是继续在院子里种树。 stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 （对象变了） stop doing 停止做某事 （对象不变） The driver stopped to let the old man cross the road safely. 司机停下来，让老人安全地过马路。 The doctor told him to stop smoking for the sake of his health.医生告诉他，为了健康要戒烟。 can’t help (to) do 不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事 He can’t help to carry your box; his hands are full. 他没法帮你搬箱子，他手里已经拿满东西了。 I can’t help laughing when I hear the funny story.听到这个有趣的故事，我忍不住笑了。 mean to do 打算做某事（未做） mean doing 意味着做某事 （解释作用） He didn’t mean to hurt your feelings at all. 他根本不是故意要伤害你的感情。 Keeping healthy means having a good habit of life. 保持健康意味着拥有良好的生活习惯。 try to do 努力做某事（不一定成功） try doing 尝试做某事 （强调尝试和行动） We tried to calm him down, but he was still angry. 我们尽力安抚他，但他还是很生气。 Try listening to music when you feel stressed. 压力大的时候，试着听听音乐。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. I remember 62 (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over the uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster. 1. being pushed 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我记得坐在超市的手推车里，被人推着，在凹凸不平的停车场地面上就像坐过山车一样。remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”，且I与push“推”之间为被动关系，需用动名词的被动形式，作宾语。故填being pushed。 2. (2006湖南)If you think that treating a woman well means always ________(get) her permission for things, think again. 2. waiting 解析：考查非谓语动词。mean doing表示“意味着”。句意：在英国一些地方，错过公交意味着再等一小时。故答案是waiting。 3. (2018天津) I didn’t mean __________(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help __________(try) it. 3. to eat; trying 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我并大打算吃东西，但是冰淇淋太好看了我忍不住尝了一口。mean to do表示“打算做某事”；can’t help doing表示“禁不住做某事”。故答案是to eat; trying。 4. (2018浙江) I still remember __________(visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 4. visiting 解析：考查非谓语动词。remember doing表示“记住做过某事”；remember to do表示“记住去做某事（未做）”。结合语境这里是前者，故答案是visiting。 5. (2012安徽) I remembered _________(lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. 5. to close 解析：考查非谓语动词。这里应用forget to do表示“忘记做某事”，强调未做。故答案是to close。 6. (2015四川)--Look! The window is open. --I’m sorry. I forgot ____________ (close) it. 6. to lock 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在离开办公室之前我记着去关门（未做），但是忘记去关灯了（未关）。故答案是to lock。 7. (2008湖南) Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _________(live) alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home. 7. living 解析：考查非谓语动词。try doing强调“尝试着做了某事”，符合语境要求，故答案是living。 8. (2015陕西) After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on __________(thank) all the people who had helped in her career. 8. to thank 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角后，安妮．本尼迪克继续感谢所有帮助她演绎生涯的人。故答案是to thank。 9. (1995全国)---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. ---Well, now I regret __________(do) that. 9. having done 解析：考查非谓语动词。结合语境应用regret doing表示“后悔做了某事（已做）”。故答案是having done。 10. being persuaded 10. (1996上海) While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _____________ (persuade) into buying something they don’t really need. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当购物的时候，人们有时情不自禁的被劝服买他们不真正想要的东西。can’t help doing情不自禁做某事，这里是被劝服，故用being persuaded。故答案是being persuaded。 考点三 动词不定式作补足语 知识点1 说服鼓励类动词接不定式作宾补 1.persuade, encourage, expect, remind, expect 等动词通常接 “宾语+不定式（to do）” 结构作宾语补足语。 Parents should encourage children to face difficulties bravely. 父母应该鼓励孩子勇敢面对困难。 He reminded me to lock the door before leaving. 他提醒我离开前锁好门。 2.上述结构的否定形式是在不定式前边加not，如persuade sb not to do。 Doctors warn people not to stay up for a long time. 医生告诫大家不要长期熬夜。 She told the kids not to touch the dangerous equipment. 她告诉孩子们不要触碰危险设备。 知识点2 观感使役类动词接不定式作宾补 观感使役类动词接不定式作宾语补足语省略不定式符号to，但在被动语态中to应加上。 注意让迈克听听看看这块表有啥感觉（汉语谐音记忆） notice, let, make, hear, listen to, see, observe, watch, have, feel The sudden heavy rain made all the visitors stay inside the museum. 突如其来的大雨让所有游客都留在了博物馆里。 We heard an old musician play the piano beautifully in the corner of the hall. 我们听见一位老乐手在大厅的角落弹奏优美的钢琴曲。 1. 观感使役类动词接不定式作宾语补足语省略不定式符号to，但在被动语态中to应加上。 Those workers were made to work for more than ten hours every day. 那些工人被迫每天工作十多个小时。 2.对比：观感使役类动词接现在分词短语作宾语补足语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作；接过去分词短语表示一个被动的动作。 I felt my heart beating fast when standing on the stage. 站在舞台上时，我感觉自己的心在怦怦直跳。 He got his clothes washed before going out this morning. 今早出门前，他把自己的衣服都拿去洗好了。 知识点3 with复合结构接不定式作宾补 “with+名词+不定式” 结构中，不定式表示一个主动的、尚未发生的动作，强调将要发生的行为。 With several letters to write, she decided to stay at home the whole afternoon. 还有几封信要写，她决定一下午都待在家里。 With three meals to cook every day, my mother always gets up earlier than everyone else. 每天还要准备三餐，妈妈总是比所有人起得都早。 1.上述结构省略介词with构成独立主格结构，不定式用法不变。 Many customers to receive, the shop assistants are kept busy all day long. 还有许多顾客要接待，店员们一整天都忙个不停。 2.with sth done表示宾语和宾语补足语之间被动关系；with sb doing表示宾语和宾补之间主动关系。 With all tasks finished ahead of time, we decided to go for a walk in the park. 所有任务都提前完成了，我们决定去公园散散步。 With his hands trembling slightly, the old man told us his unforgettable experience. 老人双手微微颤抖，向我们讲述着他难忘的经历。 知识点4 “据说据报道类”接不定式作补足语 在“be said/believed/reported/known to do”结构中，不定式短语本质上是对主语的动作或状态进行补充说明，相当于“主语被认为/据说/据报道/众所周知要做某事”，此处不定式承担主语补足语的功能（因句子为被动语态。 This kind of plant is believed to have special medical value. 人们认为这种植物具备特殊的药用价值。 My head teacher is known to treat every student equally and patiently. 众所周知，班主任对待每一位学生都公平且有耐心。 “be said/believed/reported/known to do”结构中动词不定式结合语境还需要考虑使用被动式、进行时、甚至完成式。 The valuable relic is believed to be kept in a secret museum room. 人们认为这件珍贵文物被收藏在博物馆的隐秘展厅中。 The rescue team is reported to be searching for survivors in the mountain area. 据报道，救援队此刻正在山区搜寻幸存者。 He is said to have travelled to more than twenty countries in the past ten years. 据说在过去十年里，他已经游历了二十多个国家。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. He came late, so he was made ____________(stand) outside the classroom for ten minutes. 1. to stand 解析：考查非谓语动词。省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。但在被动语态中to应加上。故答案是to stand。 2. The result of the competition wasn’t made __________(know) to the public until ten days later. 2. known 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：比赛的结果直到十天后才公布于众。原文相当于make the public know the result=make the result known to the public。故答案是known。 3. (2020浙江1月卷)The median (中位数的) age of an American in 1950 was 30—today it is 41 and is expected____________(increase) to 42 by 2050. 3. to increase 解析：考查非谓语动词。本题考查expect sb to do sth表示“期待某人做某事”，故答案是to increase。 4. Energy drinks are not allowed ____________(make) in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand. 4. to be made 解析：考查非谓语动词。allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事，故答案是to be made。 5. They are required ______________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. 5. to process 解析：考查非谓语动词。本题考查require sb to do sth表示“要求某人做某事”。故答案是to process。 6. Robert is said _____________(study) abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in. 6. to have studied 解析：考查非谓语动词。be said to do表示“据说做某事”；what country he studied in暗示该动作已结束，故答案是to have studied。 7. Police are searching for a woman who is reported to _____________(miss) since the flood hit the area. 7. have been missing 解析：考查非谓语动词。since the flood hit the area暗示应用不定式完成式；结合语境又是一种“失踪”状态，故答案是have been missing。 8．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习） “The younger generation wants new expressions to present our culture,” said Xiong, adding the company aims to enable more people (accept), experience, and dig into the stories behind them by integrating Chinese culture into product design. 8. to accept 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：“年轻一代需要新的表达方式来呈现我们的文化，”熊先生表示，并补充道，公司旨在通过将中国文化融入产品设计，让更多人接受、体验并深入挖掘其背后的故事。固定搭配enable sb. to do sth.，意为“使某人能够做某事”，所以空格处需填不定式to accept作宾语补足语。故填to accept。 9．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）As the bar chart shows, with so many environmental problems (solve), governments and citizens need to work together more closely than ever. 9. to solve 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：正如柱状图所示，有如此多的环境问题有待解决，政府和市民需要比以往更加紧密地合作。此处为“with+宾语+补足语”结构，宾语为so many environmental problems，solve作宾补，此处意为“这些环境问题还需要解决”，应用动词不定式，作宾补，表将来。故填to solve。 10．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）The term is thought (use) firstly in 16th century England to describe dough balls dropped in liquid. 10. to have been used 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这个词被认为最早出现在16世纪的英国，被用来形容掉在液体里的面团球。该空所给动词use在句中作主语补足语，根据sth./sb. be thought to do/be用法可知，应使用动词不定式形式；由于主语The term与use之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用不定式的被动式，且use这一动作是发生在过去，应使用动词不定式的完成被动式。故填to have been used。 考点四 动词不定式作定语 知识点1 序数词first等后常接动词不定式作定语 当序数词（如 first, second, third, last 等）修饰名词时，其后常接动词不定式（to do）作定语，用来修饰该名词。这种结构不定式与被修饰的名词构成“动宾关系”或“主谓关系”，即名词是不定式动作的执行者或承受者。 She is the second person to volunteer for the rural teaching program in our school. 她是我校第二位报名参加乡村支教项目的人。 The last task to finish is to sort out all the useful information. 最后一项要完成的任务是整理所有有用的资料。 知识点2 形容词最高级后常接动词不定式作定语 形容词最高级（如 the tallest, the most important 等）后常接动词不定式（to do）作定语，用于修饰其后面的名词。这种结构通常表示“最适合做某事”“最值得做某事”或“最有能力做某事”等含义。 He is the bravest student to face difficulties bravely in our class. 他是我们班里最敢于直面困难的学生。 That was the hardest decision to make during my growing-up years. 那是我成长过程中最难做出的一个决定。 知识点3 effort等名词后常接动词不定式作定语 某些抽象名词（如decision, wish, chance/opportunity, promise, plan, time, attempt, effort, right, ability, patience等）后常接动词不定式（to do）作定语，用来具体说明该名词所指代的“内容”“目的”或“相关动作”。 She has a strong wish to travel around the world when she grows up. 她心中有个强烈的愿望，长大后环游世界。 Reading widely can develop your ability to understand and analyze problems. 广泛阅读能够培养你理解和分析问题的能力。 1.不定式作定语，有时需要考虑被动形式to be done表示一个被动的、将要发生的动作。 We still have plenty of meaningful things to do in the coming holiday. 在即将到来的假期里，我们还有不少有意义的事要做。 Lots of important details to be checked lie on the manager’s desk. 许多待核查的重要资料都摆在经理的办公桌上。 2.有时候出现for sb to do sth.句式，for短语是不定式的逻辑主语。 It is a precious chance for us to experience different local cultures. 这是我们体验多样地域文化的宝贵机会。 This is a perfect platform for young students to show their real talent. 这是青年学子展现自身才华的绝佳平台。 3.对比：-ing短语作定语表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作；-being done短语作定语表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作；-ed短语作定语表示一个被动的、已经完成的动作。 The birds flying above the lake bring us much joy and relaxation. 湖面上方飞翔的鸟儿为我们带来诸多欢乐与惬意。 The new library being built nearby will open to us next term. 附近正在修建的新图书馆将于下学期对我们开放。 The bridge built ten years ago connects the two small villages well. 十年前建成的这座桥顺畅地连通着两个小村庄。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（25-26高三下·北京·二轮复习）Budz’s innovation shows young people’s remarkable capability __________ (tackle) complex technical and environmental challenges. 1. to tackle 解析：句意：布兹的创新展现出年轻人应对复杂技术与环境挑战的出色能力。此处为固定搭配capability to do sth.，意为“做某事的能力”，所以此处使用to tackle作后置定语。 2．（25-26高三·全国·课后作业）At the time, the subway station was simply a proposal __________ (extend) Frankfurt’s subway system. 2. to extend 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当时，这个地铁站只是一个将法兰克福地铁系统进行扩展的提议而已。句中已有was，此处是非谓语形式。根据空前名词proposal可知，此空应是动词不定式to extend，作后置定语。故填to extend。 3．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Yet, I believe I will always miss China when the time comes for me __________ (leave) the country. 3. to leave 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，我相信，当我要离开这个国家的时候，我仍会深深怀念中国。the time comes for sb. to do sth.是固定句型，意为“某人做某事的时候到了”，此处用不定式作后置定语修饰time。故填to leave。 4．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）China has introduced a national childcare subsidy(补贴) system starting this year, as part of efforts __________ (improve) the childbirth support system and promote high-quality population development, the country’s top health official said on Thursday. 4. to improve 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：中国最高卫生官员周四表示，作为改善生育支持体系、促进人口高质量发展的努力的一部分，中国从今年开始推出全国儿童保育补贴制度。抽象名词efforts 后常接不定式作后置定语，表示“……的努力”，所以空处需用动词不定式to improve。故填to improve。 5．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Professor Wang Jianxin of Shaanxi’s Northwest University, who is the first Chinese scholar __________ (conduct) archaeological investigation in Central Asia, finally discovered the remains of the Yuezhi Culture and the Kangju Kingdom, making important contributions to archaeological studies along the Silk Road. 5. to conduct 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：西北大学教授王建新是第一位在中亚进行考古调查的中国学者，他最终发现了月氏文化和康居王国的遗迹，为丝绸之路的考古研究做出了重要贡献。“(conduct) archaeological investigation in Central Asia”作后置定语，且名词Chinese scholar 前有序数词the first修饰，构成“the+序数词+名词+to do sth.”固定结构，表示“第几个做某事的……”，用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to conduct。 6．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Minimal use of props (道具) can be seen as another move __________ (reduce) carbon emissions while it didn’t lessen the performance’s charm at all. 6. to reduce 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：尽量少使用道具这一做法可以被视为减少碳排放的另一种手段，而且它丝毫没有削弱表演的魅力。所填词在此处作后置定语，修饰名词move，该空用to reduce；“a move to do sth.”意为“做某事的举措或措施”。故填to reduce。 7．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）The extreme temperatures have led to lower harvests and restricted Europe’s ability __________ (create) its own energy supply. 7. to create 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：极端温度导致收成下降，限制了欧洲创造自身能源供应的能力。名词ability后常接不定式作后置定语，修饰ability表示“……的能力”。故填to create。 8．（25-26高三·江西新余·开学考试）He stood up in defence of the old lady, saying she was not the one __________ (blame). 8. to blame 解析：考查不定式。句意：他站起来为那位老太太辩护，说她不应该受到责备。be to blame应该受到责备，主动表达被动。本句为动词不定式作定语。故填to blame。 9．（26-27高三上·全国·课后作业）What’s more important, we should seize every opportunity __________ (educate) everyone about global warming. 9. to educate 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：更重要的是，我们应该抓住每一个机会来教育每个人有关全球变暖的知识。本句谓语为should seize，此处为非谓语动词，opportunity to do sth.是固定搭配，意为 “做某事的机会”，此处应用动词educate“教育”的不定式，作后置定语。故填to educate。 10．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）It is hoped that this project __________ (accomplish) by the end of 2027 will be a popular tourist attraction of the city. 10. to be accomplished 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目有望在2027年底完成，届时将成为该市的一个热门旅游景点。根据后文“by the end of 2027”可知，应用不定式表将来发生的动作，且project和accomplish构成被动关系，应用to be done形式。故填to be accomplished。 考点五 动词不定式作状语 知识点1 动词不定式短语作目的状语 1.to do短语作目的状语，可位于句首或句末，意为“为了……”。 To keep healthy, many people choose to take exercise in their spare time. 为了保持健康，很多人选择在业余时间锻炼身体。 2.so as to do短语作目的状语，只能位于句末，意为“为了……”。 Please speak slowly so as to make yourself understood clearly. 请放慢语速，好让大家能听清你的话。 3.in order to do短语作目的状语，可位于句首或句末，意为“为了……”。 They saved money for months in order to travel around the country. 他们攒了好几个月的钱，就为了环游全国。 1.动词不定式作状语，根据语境还可能用否定式--not to do。 We took a different route so as not to meet the heavy traffic on the main road. 我们改走别的路线，避开主干道的拥堵。 2.动词不定式作状语，根据语境还可能用被动式 --to be done。 All the documents are sorted out carefully in order to be checked by the manager. 所有文件都仔细整理好了，等待经理审核。 3. 注意不定式短语作目的状语位于句末，前边不能有逗号。 He runs every morning to keep healthy and full of energy. 他每天晨跑，以此保持健康、精力充沛。 知识点2 动词不定式短语作结果状语 1.only to do短语位于句末，表示出乎预料的结果，有时还需要用被动形式。 She raised her hand to answer the question, only to be ignored by the teacher. 她举手想要回答问题，结果老师并没有注意到她。 He volunteered to offer help, only to be politely turned down by others. 他主动上前帮忙，却遭到了对方婉言谢绝。 2.too…to do…短语表示“太……不能”，不定式作结果状语。 The box is too heavy for the little boy to carry alone. 这个箱子太重，小男孩一个人搬不动。 The problem is too difficult for most beginners to work out in a short time. 这道题难度太大，多数初学者没法短时间内解出来。 1.never too…to… 越…… 越好；再…… 也不为过。 You are never too careful to do such important work. 做这类重要工作，再细心也不为过。 2.too…not to… 非常…… 必定会……（肯定含义）。 She is too smart not to realize the meaning behind his words. 她十分聪慧，肯定能领会他话里的深意。 3.形容词/副词+enough to do 短语表示“足以到……程度”。 He is old enough to take care of himself when his parents are away. 他年纪已足够大，父母不在时能够照顾自己。 The hall is big enough to hold more than five hundred people at the same time. 这个大厅空间充足，可同时容纳五百多人。 4.so…as to do, such…as to do短语表示“如此……以至于……”，不定式作结果状语。 He was so excited as to jump up from his seat when hearing the good news. 听到喜讯，他激动得从座位上跳了起来。 It was such a touching story as to make every listener moved deeply. 这个故事格外感人，让每位听者都深受触动。 知识点3 动词不定式用于反射不定式 “be+形容词+to do” 结构被称为反射不定式，不定式“主动形式表被动意义”的特点。形容词描述主语的特征或性质，不定式虽然是主动形式，但主语实际上是不定式动作的承受者。 The poem is beautiful to recite in class meetings.这首诗在班会上朗诵起来十分优美。 This practical skill is tricky to master within a short time.这项实用技能短时间内很难掌握。 This soft chair is comfortable to sit on all day long. 这把软椅子整日坐起来都很舒服。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（25-26高三·北京·三轮复习） (ease) his pain, she reached for a small jar containing a thick paste — a mixture made from Angelica sinensis. 1. To ease 解析：句意：为了减轻他的痛苦，她伸手拿了一个小罐子，里面装着一种厚厚的膏体——这是由当归草制成的混合物。此处ease作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。 2．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习） (celebrate) the anniversary, the PLAAF released a microfilm named Dreaming Far, showcasing a three-aircraft formation of the Xuanlong-08 drone and two manned fighter jets (J-16 and J-20). 2. To celebrate 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为庆祝这一纪念日，中国人民解放军空军发布了一部名为Dreaming Far的微电影，展示了玄龙-08 无人机与两架有人战斗机(歼-16 和歼-20)组成的三机编队。句中已有谓语released，此处应是非谓语形式。根据句意可知，此处表目的，即“为了庆祝纪念日”，应用动词不定式to celebrate，作目的状语，句首单词首字母应大写。故填To celebrate。 3．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Why would we, as a society, put so much time and effort into constructing buildings that keep nature out, only (keep) bringing bits of it inside them constantly? 3. to keep 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为什么我们作为一个社会，投入大量时间和精力建造将自然阻挡在外的建筑，却又不断地把自然的一些元素带回室内呢？句子主干成分完整，结合空前的“only”可推知，空处表示出乎意料的结果，表示“不料却，结果却”，作句子的结果状语，因此用keep“重复，继续”的不定式形式。故填to keep。 4．（25-26高三·上海·三轮复习）Reaching this ice-covered world was not easy. Many had tried before them, only____________ (force) back by terrible conditions. 4. to be forced 解析：考查非谓语动词。 句意：到达这个冰雪覆盖的世界并不容易。许多人之前尝试过，但都因恶劣的条件而被迫返回。空处需要非谓语动词作结果状语，根据only以及句意可知，此处表示出乎意料的结果，需要动词不定式作结果状语，且many与force之间是被动关系，需用不定式的被动形式。 故填to be forced。 5．（25-26高三·全国·课后作业）Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough (prefer) a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. 5. to prefer 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词词典，但我还是比较守旧，更喜欢精装本和可以用手指翻阅的书页。此处为固定结构“形容词+enough to do sth.”意为“足够……去做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式to prefer作结果状语。故填to prefer。 6．（25-26高三·全国·一轮复习）I am very proud and excited (display) the traditional Chinese musical instrument in Cuba and communicate with local musicians. 6. to display 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我非常自豪和激动能在古巴展示中国传统乐器并与当地音乐家交流。be动词+情绪类形容词+to do sth.是固定结构，此处用不定式作原因状语，故填to display。 7．（25-26高三·江苏镇江·开学考试）Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy (care) for and make great presents. 7. to care 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：竹子与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。它们很容易照顾，也是很好的礼物。此处为固定句型：主语+ be+ adj.+ to do，be easy to care for“容易照顾”。根据句意，故填to care。 8. （25-26高三·河南郑州·开学考试）_____________(accept) as an Olympic event, a sport must be played in at least 75 countries on at least 4 continents. 8. To be accepted 解析：考查非谓语动词。不定式作目的状语，且是被动含义，故答案是To be accepted。 9. （25-26高三·河北唐山·开学考试）I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _________ (breathe). 9. to breathe 解析：考查非谓语动词。不定式用于be+ adj+to do构成的反射不定式，不定式主动形式表示被动意义。故答案是to breathe。 10. (2019全国I卷) Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive __________ (perform) consistently over a large area. 10. to perform 解析：考查非谓语动词。本句是形容词短语作宾语补足语，暗含be+ adj+to do构成的反射不定式，故答案是to perform。 考点六 动词不定式作表语 知识点1 “主语+be+to do”句型 不定式（to do）作表语时，通常位于系动词（如 be, seem, appear, become, remain 等）之后，用以说明主语的内容、性质、目的、身份或未来的动作。 What I need now is to have a good rest. 我现在需要的是好好休息一下。 The purpose of this meeting is to discuss the new policy. 这次会议的目的是讨论新政策。 The plan appears to be practical. 这个计划似乎是可行的。 知识点2 主语含实义动词 do，表语不定式省略 to 当句子的主语部分含有实义动词 do（包括各种形式：do, does, did, doing, done）时，作表语的不定式（to do）通常可以省略不定式符号 to，直接用动词原形。 What he does in his spare time is (to) read storybooks. 他空闲时做的事就是读故事书。 The only thing they did that day was (to) look after the sick animals. 那天他们唯一做的事就是照料生病的动物。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）The ultimate goal of the research project is (explore) new energy sources that are environmentally friendly and sustainable. 1. to explore 解析：本题考查不定式。句意：这个研究项目的最终目标是探索对环境友好和可持续发展的新能源。主语“goal”是表目标的名词，表语需用不定式“to explore”明确目标的具体内容。故填to explore。 2．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）In the evening the only thing he did was (read) newspapers. 2. read 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：晚上他唯一做的事就是看报纸。此处为“the only thing+定语从句”结构，主语为被the only, the first等修饰的名词，且其后作定语的从句或短语中含有实义动词do的某种形式时；作表语的不定式符号to要省略，本句中修饰the only thing的定语从句中有did，本空用省略to的不定式read，作表语。故填read。 3．（25-26高三·全国·课后作业）The latest information confirms my belief that he is (blame) for the accident. 3. to blame 解析：考查不定式和固定短语。句意：最新的消息证实了我的看法，他应对这次事故负责。be to blame (for sth)为固定短语，意为“对……负有责任”，不定式作表语。故填to blame。 4．（25-26高三·全国·课后作业）The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, (not make) it more difficult. 4. not to make 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：新技术的目的是使生活更容易，而不是使生活更困难。根据句意和句中“to make life easier”可知，设空处应用不定式作表语，根据句意可知，应用不定式的否定形式“not to do”，“make”意为“使”，动词词性。故填not to make。 5．（25-26高三·江苏扬州·期中）Still, practical problems remain (solve), such as ensuring the trips are safe as many taxis will be flown without pilots. 6. to be solved 解析：考查不定式和被动语态。句意：尽管如此，实际问题仍有待解决，比如确保出行安全，因为许多出租车将在没有飞行员的情况下飞行。remain是谓语，空格处用非谓语动词，由“such as ensuring the trips are safe as many taxis will be flown without pilots”可知，句子表示“实际问题仍有待解决”，空格处用不定式表将来，且问题是被解决，因此空格处用不定式的被动语态to be solved。故填to be solved。 考点七 动词不定式省略用法 知识点1 观感使役类动词省略to 感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略不定式符号to。 The teacher watched the students play games on the playground. 老师看着学生们在操场上做游戏。 We observed the craftsman make delicate handicrafts with his own hands. 我们观察手艺人亲手制作精巧的手工艺品。 知识点2省略不定式to的固定句型 某些特定句型中常省略不定式符号to，直接使用动词原形。 may as well do sth 最好还是做…… had better do 最好做某事 do nothing but do sth 别无选择只好做某事 can’t help but do sth. 禁不住做某事 Why not do sth? 何不做某事？ prefer to do…rather than do sth, 宁愿做……而不愿做…… would rather do…than do… 宁愿做……而不愿做…… We may as well set off now so that we can reach the station on time.我们最好现在出发，这样才能准时赶到车站。 You had better take an umbrella, for it is going to rain soon.你最好带上雨伞，因为马上就要下雨了。 Why not join us in the activity and enjoy the beautiful scenery?何不加入我们的活动，一同欣赏美景呢？ Most students prefer to study hard rather than waste time on useless games. 多数学生宁愿刻苦学习，也不愿把时间浪费在无益的游戏上。 I would rather stick to my dream than give it up easily in face of difficulty. 面对困难，我宁愿坚守梦想也不愿轻易放弃。 Everyone can’t help but admire her courage when hearing her experience. 听闻她的经历，所有人都忍不住心生敬佩。 We can't choose but accept the result after careful consideration. 深思熟虑后，我们只得接受这个结果。 知识点3 保留不定式to的省略用法 在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号to。注意不定式后面是动词be时，be应保留。 They invited me to attend the party, but I didn’t want to. 他们邀我参加派对，可我并不想去。 She hopes to be kind to others and always tries to be. 她立志待人友善，并且始终努力践行。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The young girl was observed ________________(enter) the office silently. 1. to enter 解析：考查非谓语动词。感官动词接不定式作宾补时省略to，被动语态中to应加上，故答案是to enter。 2. Rather than ______(ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers　_______(ride) a bicycle. 2. ride; to ride 解析：考查非谓语动词。prefer to do sth rather than do sth表示“宁愿做……不愿做……”，故答案是ride; to ride。 3. As we all know, China is no longer the country it used __________(be). 3. to be 解析：考查非谓语动词。在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，不定式后面是动词be时，to be应保留。故答案是to后加be。 优题精练·专题实战通关 高考真题分类精炼（动词不定式） 考向1考查动词不定式短语作目的状语，多放在句首，后边多用逗号 1.（2025天津3月卷改编）____________(impress) the audience, the speaker prepared a detailed and engaging presentation. 1. To impress 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了给听众留下深刻印象，这位演讲者精心准备了一份详尽且引人入胜的演讲内容。“准备演示文稿”的目的是“为了给观众留下深刻印象”，不定式To impress表目的，符合语境。故选B。 2.（2025八省联考卷）The goal was two-fold: (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six tongues. 2. to celebrate 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：目的是双重的：庆祝文化多样性，并促进所有六种语言的平等使用。本句谓语为was，此处为非谓语动词，应用celebrate“庆祝”的不定式，作目的状语，与to promote并列。故填to celebrate。 3.（2024新课标I卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 3. to give 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖的日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to give。 4.（2024九省联考卷）He knows that computers are here (stay) and that they will not disappear. 4. to stay 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他知道电脑会一直存在，不会消失。be here to stay是一个固定短语，表示“固定下来; 普遍认可; 成为风尚”。故填to stay。 5.（2024浙江1月卷）The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. 5. to benefit 解析：考查动词不定式。句意：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。 6.（2023全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) __________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. 6.to teach 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。 7.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority __________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 7. to increase 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。 8.（2022新课标II卷）Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up __________ (see) them. 8. to see 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 9.（2022全国乙卷）__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 9. To strengthen 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。 10.（2021新课标II卷）I decided to do something __________ (educate) people about this problem. 10. to educate 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，__________ (educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。 11.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over __________ (plant) flowers in the front yard. 11. to plant 解析：考查非谓语动词。考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝•托德•华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词plant的不定式形式为to plant。故填to plant。 12.（2020全国I卷）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 __________ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. 12. to find 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。 13.（2020全国III卷）The next morning he hired a boat and set out __________ (find) the well-known painter. 13. to find 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。 14.(2020·浙江卷) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology __________ (change) lives. 14. to change 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式作定语。故填to change。 考向2考查动词不定式短语作定语 15.（2025全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me the chance (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 15. to discover 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式，作定语。故填to discover。 16.（2025浙江I月卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing. 16. to rent 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：坦尼娅的店铺提供女士时尚服装租赁服务，而非直接出售，为一次性活动着装提供了更经济实惠的解决方案。分析句子结构可知，空白处作定语，应用动词不定式。故填to rent。 17（2024天津3月卷）From the first explorers to today's travelers, humans have always had a desire _________ (discover) new places. 17. to discover 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从第一批探险者到今天的旅行者，人类一直抱有发现新领域的渴望。discover意为“发现”，与句子主语humans构成逻辑上的主谓关系，应用to discover作desire的后置定语。故填to discover。 18.（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step __________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 18. to journey 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。 19.（2022北京卷）As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention __________ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 19. to harm 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 20.（2021北京卷）Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need (invest) in disaster prevention. 20. to invest 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：研究结果表明, 急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知, 此处表示未来的动作, 应用不定式, 作后置定语。故填to invest。 21. (2019·全国II卷)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans __________(retire) from her 36-year-old business. 21. to retire 解析：考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth.作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan，表示“……的计划”，故填to retire。 考向3考查动词不定式短语作主语 22.（2021全国甲卷）It is possible __________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 22. to walk 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。 23.（2020北京卷）It takes them hundreds of years __________ (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. 23. to break 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：它们用几百年的时间才分解。固定句型It takes sb./sth. +一段时间+ to do sth.（花某人/物多长时间干某事），此处用动词不定式（to do ）作真正主语，It形式主语。故填to break。 考向4 考查动词不定式短语作宾语 24.（2025全国一卷）We hope (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism. 24. to present 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语动词，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故填to present。 25.（2024全国甲卷）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ___________(catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. 25. to catch 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管村子任何层级的各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其规模大、种类多，往往会引起我们的注意。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to catch。 26.（2023新课标I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 26. to bite 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。 27.（2023新课标I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents. 28. to be lifted 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。 28.（2022新课标II卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know __________to thank him.” 28. how 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。 29.（2022浙江1月卷）That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans __________ (continue) the practice. 29. to continue 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plan to do sth“计划做”，故填to continue。 30.（2021全国乙卷）Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim __________ (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 30. to have 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。 考点5考查动词不定式短语作宾语补足语或状语 31.（2026浙江1月卷）There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉) __________ (finish) heating, but my mum did it. 31. to finish 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：很少有人能在等待微波炉加热完成时找到乐趣，但我妈妈却能。who引导的定语从句的谓语为could find，此处为非谓语动词，wait for sb/sth to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“等待某人/某物做某事”，所以用finish的不定式形式to finish，作宾语补足语。故填to finish。 32. （2024新课标II卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___________ (find) the connection between the two great writers. 32. to find 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to find。 33.（2022浙江卷）Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not __________ (do). 33. to do 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。 34.（2020浙江1月卷）Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的) age of an American in 1950 was 30; today it is 41 and is expected __________ (increase)to 42 by 2050. 34. to increase 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据短语be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”后跟不定式，故填to increase。 考点6考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义 35.（2020全国II卷）Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy__________ (care) for and make great presents. 35. to care 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。 名校模拟分类精炼（动词不定式） 1．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）He pretended (read) when the teacher came in. 1.to be reading 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：老师进来时，他假装正在读书。“pretend to do sth.”是固定短语，其后用动词不定式作宾语；结合“when the teacher came in”可知，句中表示老师进来时，他假装正在读书，应用动词不定式的进行式to be reading强调动作正在发生。故填to be reading。 2．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）The entire process, highly dependent on local climate and water quality, can take more than two years (finish). 2.to finish 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：整个过程高度依赖于当地的气候和水质，可能需要两年多的时间才能完成。此处是固定句型“it takes+一段时间+to do sth.”，意为“做某事花费多长时间”，其中it是形式主语，动词不定式短语是真正的主语，此空应是to finish。故填to finish。 3．（25-26高三·北京·二轮复习）Every day, I make it a point (visit) her and bring along a bunch of flowers. 3.to visit 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：每天，我都会特意去看望她，并带上一大束鲜花。短语make it apoint to do sth.表示“特意做某事”。故填to visit。 4．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）They prefer using bright colors, such as bright red, bright green and yellow and so on, and tend (bring) the contrast between them into such clear relief that will give a vividness and bouncing visual effect. 4.to bring 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：它们偏好使用鲜艳的颜色，如大红、大绿、黄色等，并且倾向于将颜色之间的对比表现得极为鲜明，从而呈现出生动活泼的视觉效果。固定搭配tend to do sth.，意为“倾向于做某事”，用动词bring“带来，导致，使处于”的不定式to bring。故填to bring。 5．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）One promising method is to use extra energy from renewable sources. For example, data centers can be programmed (perform) energy-intensive tasks when solar or wind power is most available. 5.to perform 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：一种有前景的方法是利用可再生能源的多余能量。例如，数据中心可以被设定在太阳能或风能最充足的时段执行高能耗任务。根据空格前的programmed可知，be programmed to do sth.是固定用法，意为“被安排做某事”，此处用动词不定式作补语。故填to perform。 6．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）In large scenes or landscapes, your eyes are meant (travel) along a visual path from one area to another. 6.to travel 解析：考查动词不定式。句意：在大幅的场景或山水画中，观者的视线本就应沿着画面的视觉脉络，从一处流转至另一处。be meant to do sth是固定短语，意为“旨在做某事、理应做某事”。故填to travel。 7．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）This grand mission was intended (strengthen) China’s capacity in surveying deep-sea environments and increased the nation’s global influence in this field. 7.to strengthen 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这项宏伟的任务旨在加强中国在深海环境调查方面的能力，并提高中国在这一领域的全球影响力。be intended to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“旨在做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to strengthen。 8．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）It remains (see) whether my mother will recover from such a serious illness. 8.to be seen 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我母亲能否从这样严重的疾病中康复还有待观察。此处为固定句型It remains to be seen...，意为“……还有待观察”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为whether引导的主语从句。故填to be seen。 9．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）The flu is believed (cause) by viruses that like to reproduce very quickly. 9.to be caused 解析：考查不定式的被动。句意：据说，流感是由繁殖得很快的病毒引起的。“据说……”表达为sth. be believed to do sth.，故此处应用不定式，且the flu与cause之间为被动关系，故应用不定式的被动形式，故填to be caused。 10．（25-26高二上·吉林长春·期中）I have no alternative but (ask) him for an appropriate way to solve the problem. 10.to ask 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我别无选择，只能向他请教解决问题的恰当方法。根据have no alternative but可知，此处考查固定搭配have no alternative/choice but to do sth.，意为“别无选择，只能做某事”，空处应填入不定式。故填to ask。 11．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）The government encourages local communities (participate) in cultural heritage preservation through training programs. 11.to participate 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：政府通过培训计划鼓励当地社区参与文化遗产保护。encourage sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，因此空格处用participate“参与”的不定式to participate作宾语补足语。故填to participate。 12．（25-26高三上·福建厦门·期中）He pretended (finish) his homework when his mother checked, but the blank pages gave him away. 12.to have finished 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当他妈妈检查时，他假装已经完成了作业，但空白的书页出卖了他。pretend to do sth.表示“假装做某事”，而这里“完成作业”这个动作发生在“妈妈检查”之前，要用不定式的完成式“to have done”结构，所以填“to have finished”，在句中作pretended的宾语。故填to have finished。 13．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）His works are reported (translate) into 20 languages in the past decade. 13.to have been translated 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，在过去十年中，他的作品已被翻译成20种语言。句中be reported to do sth为固定短语，意为“被报道……”，此处句子主语his works与动词translate之间是逻辑上的被动关系，同时translate该动作发生在谓语are reported之前，故使用不定式的完成被动结构。故答案是to have been translated。 14．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Mr Li is said (study) abroad. But I don’t know which country he is studying in. 14.to be studying 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：据说李先生正在国学学习。但是我不知道他在哪个国家。句子考查sb be said to do“据说某人做某事”句型；结合后文he is studying in暗示该动作正在进行，故应用不定式的进行式作主语补足语。故填to be studying。 15．（25-26高三·北京·三轮复习） (ensure) safety during the journey, specially designed equipment will be used for separate pet transport. 15.To ensure 解析：句意：为确保旅途安全，将使用专门设计的设备来分别运送宠物。此处ensure作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。 16．（25-26高三下·北京·二轮复习）A tech company created a screen-free smartphone that allows kids (chat) with loved ones without the distractions of a touchscreen. 16.to chat 解析：句意：一家科技公司研发出一款无屏幕智能手机，能让孩子们和亲人聊天且不受触屏干扰。此处为固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.，意为“允许某人做某事”，所以此处使用to chat作宾补。 17．（25-26高三下·北京·二轮复习）Budz’s innovation shows young people’s remarkable capability _________ (tackle) complex technical and environmental challenges. 17.to tackle 解析：句意：布兹的创新展现出年轻人应对复杂技术与环境挑战的出色能力。此处为固定搭配capability to do sth.，意为“做某事的能力”，所以此处使用to tackle作后置定语。 18．（2026高三上·河南鹤壁·专题练习） (show) our great concern about the disabled, the Student’s English club will organize an activity with the theme “What can we do for the disabled”. 18.To show 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了表达我们对残疾人的极大关心，学生英语俱乐部将组织一次以“我们能为残疾人做些什么”为主题的活动。本句谓语为will organize，此处为非谓语动词，表目的，用show“表达”的不定式形式，作目的状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填To show。 19．（25-26高三·北京·二轮复习）The essence of learning is extreme repetition and persistence until you become experienced through practice, skilled enough (apply) what you gain and eventually form muscle memory. 19.to apply 解析：考查动词不定式。句意：学习的本质是不断地重复和坚持，直到你通过实践变得经验丰富，技能足够熟练去应用所学，最终形成肌肉记忆。设空处位于“skilled enough”之后，应用动词不定式作结果状语，表示“熟练到足以去应用”。故填to apply。 20．（25-26高三下·全国·课前预习）He hurried to the station, only (inform) that the train had left. 20.to be informed 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他匆匆赶到车站，却被告知火车已经开走了。only+动词不定式作结果状语是固定结构，强调意想不到的结果，由于主语He和括号中的inform之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即“他被告知”，要用动词不定式的被动语态结构to be done。故填to be informed。 21．（25-26高三上·广东·期中）Can you give me some advice? I find it difficult (motivate) my workers to work more efficiently. 21.to motivate 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：你能给我一些建议吗？我发现很难激励我的员工更有效率地工作。句中使用固定句型“find it+adj.+to do”，意为“发现做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，不定式结构是真正的主语，故填to motivate。 22．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）Group leader’s duty is (ensure) that all pupils in his group understand and practice what the teacher has taught. 22.to ensure 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：组长的职责是确保小组中的所有学生都理解并练习老师所教的内容。设空处应填动词不定式作表语，说明主语Group leader’s duty的具体内容。故填to ensure。 23．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Tourism and Hospitality Minister Louise Upston said that smoother, more seamless travel will encourage more Chinese tourists   (regard) New Zealand as part of their next holiday. 23.to regard 解析：考查动词不定式。句意：旅游和酒店部长路易斯·厄普斯顿表示，更顺畅、更无缝的旅行将鼓励更多的中国游客将新西兰作为他们下一个假期的一部分。encourage sb. to do sth. “鼓励某人做某事”，为固定短语，不定式作宾语补足语。故填to regard。 24．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Duan Xiaoming, head of the Hunan Museum, said the return will enable the Hunan Museum (integrate) the returned volumes with its existing collection. 24.to integrate 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：湖南博物馆馆长段晓明表示，此次归还将使湖南博物馆能够将归还的书卷与现有的收藏整合在一起。此处是固定搭配：enable sb./sth. to do sth.意为“使某人/某物能够做某事”，本空用integrate“整合”的不定式，作宾补。故填to integrate。 25．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）As the bar chart shows, with so many environmental problems (solve), governments and citizens need to work together more closely than ever. 25.to solve 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：正如柱状图所示，有如此多的环境问题有待解决，政府和市民需要比以往更加紧密地合作。此处为“with+宾语+补足语”结构，宾语为so many environmental problems，solve作宾补，此处意为“这些环境问题还需要解决”，应用动词不定式，作宾补，表将来。故填to solve。 26．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）All students are required (bring) reusable lunch boxes and water bottles for the eco-friendly picnic. 26.to bring 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：所有学生都需要携带可重复使用的午餐盒和水瓶参加环保野餐。sb. be required to do sth.是固定短语，意为“某人被要求做某事”，因此空格处用不定式形式作主语补足语。故填to bring。 27．（2026高三上·北京·专题练习）We all know we should exercise more, but the biggest barrier for many is feeling like we just don’t have an hour (spare). 27.to spare 解析：句意：我们都知道我们应该多锻炼，但对许多人来说，最大的障碍是感觉我们连一个小时的时间都空不出来。have表示“有”，have sth. to do意为“有……要做”。逻辑主语we和动词spare（抽出，匀出）是主动关系，且这里表示未发生的事情，用不定式作后置定语。 28．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）With a target (restore) 2.34 million hectares of degraded land by 2030, this ongoing initiative will safeguard the environment and promote regional sustainable development. 28.to restore 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：到2030年，该正在进行的计划的目标是恢复234万公顷的退化土地，这将保护生态环境并促进地区的可持续发展。此处是with复合结构，target后常用动词不定式作后置定语，a target to do sth.表示“做某事的目标”。故填to restore。 29．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）She sees her “relic makeup” as the perfect way (integrate) her artistic skills with her passion for culture. 29.to integrate 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她认为自己的“文物妆”是将艺术技巧与对文化的热爱完美结合的方式。本空作way的后置定语，用动词integrate“整合，(使)合并，成为一体”的不定式形式。故填to integrate。 30．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）Dr. Goodall was the first scientist (explain) to the world that chimpanzee mothers are capable of giving birth only once every four and a half to six years. 30.to explain 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：古道尔博士是首位向世界解释黑猩猩母亲每四年半到六年才能生育一次的科学家。名词scientist前有序数词the first修饰，后面用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to explain。 31．（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）All the audience were waiting for the final result of the competition _________ (announce). 31.to be announced 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：所有的观众都在等待比赛结果的宣布。句中were waiting为谓语动词，announce在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the final result of the competition构成被动关系，且表示将来的动作，故用不定式的被动式to be done。故填to be announced。 32．（25-26高三·上海·专题练习）But it was almost impossible to decide where (look) because there are so many small islands and the ocean is so large. 32.to look 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：但是要决定去哪里找几乎是不可能的，因为那里有那么多小岛，海洋又那么大。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查“特殊疑问词+to do”结构，动词不定式表示将来的动作，所以空处需填动词不定式。故填to look。 33．（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）When and where (hold) the next international conference on climate change has not been decided yet by the organizing committee. 33.to hold 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意： 下一届气候变化国际会议的召开时间和地点尚未由组委会决定。句中为“疑问词+不定式” 结构作主语。“When and where to hold...” 构成复合不定式结构，表 “何时何地举办会议” 这一具体问题。故填to hold。 34．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）So pessimistic was my classmate that he had no idea to release his tremendous pressure. 34.how 解析：考查疑问词+动词不定式结构。句意：我的同学是如此悲观，他不知道如何释放他巨大的压力。分析句子可知，此处“have no idea”后接疑问词 + 不定式结构，结合语境，需表达“方式”，故用“how”，构成“how to release”（如何释放），符合“同学很悲观，不知如何释放压力”的语义逻辑。故填how。 35．（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）I learned a lot about how (extend) the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. 35.to extend 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我学到了很多关于如何延长物品的使用寿命，并把它们转变为新的、有用的事物。特殊疑问词后需接动词不定式，相当于一个名词性成分，此句中该结构作介词about的宾语。故填to extend。 重点语法写作升格（动词不定式） 1. (2026浙江1月)我们好不容易把牛拴在树上后，便开始商量该怎么处置它。(manage) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. (2025全国一卷)令我宽慰的是，我哥哥次日回了电话，我们商定近期碰面。(agree) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. (2025全国二卷)在一次课堂研讨中，老师请我阐释自己名字的寓意。(invite) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4. (2024新课标I卷) 1.通过几个快捷动作，他很快就转移了一些资金来支付车费。(manage) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. (2024新课标I卷)我鼓起勇气，承诺四天后付清车费和一些额外的小费。(promise) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6. (2024新课标I卷) 有像冈特这样一个心地善良的朋友，我感到很幸运。(bless) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 7. (2024浙江1月)她刚一回到迷乱的迷宫，就开始探索一楼。(set out) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 8. (2023新高考I)直到我参加了颁奖典礼并拿到了证书，我还是觉得很难相信。(find it) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 9. (2023新高考I)我紧紧地拥抱着他，无法表达他对我的信任有多重要。(unable) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 10. (2023浙江1月)我花了一下午的时间探索农场，希望能一睹这只小鸟的风采。(hope) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考答案】 1. After we managed to secure the cow to a tree, we began to discuss what to do with it. 2. To my relief, my brother called back the next day, and we agreed to get together soon. 3. In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. 4. With a few swift moves, he managed to transfer some funds to cover the fare. 5. Plucking up my courage, I promised to pay off the fare and some extra tip four days later. 6. I felt blessed to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter who has a heart of gold. 7. No sooner had she returned to the confusing maze than she set out to explore the first floor. 8. I still found it hard to believe until I attended the award presentation and got my certificate. 9. I hugged him tightly, unable to express just how much his faith in me had meant. 10. I spent the afternoon exploring the farm, hoping to catch a glimpse of the little bird. 2 / 36 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $