Unit 6 Friendship 单元话题读写组合练 -八年级英语下册单元整体优化精准练（新教材沪教版五四制）

**基本信息** 聚焦“友谊”话题，通过读写组合训练构建从语言输入到输出的完整能力链，实现话题理解与语言运用的递进式培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |任务型阅读|5篇短文（含个人经历、跨文化友谊等）|事实细节题、推理题、开放续写题，难度递升|从具体友谊事例到友谊意义、跨文化差异，话题认知逐步深化| |句子翻译|8句（含whether从句、hang out等）|单元核心词汇及语法（宾语从句、状语从句）应用|词汇-语法-语境表达的层级递进，强化语言准确性| |话题写作|3篇（观点阐述、经历结合、辩论式写作）|情境化写作，要求结合个人经历与观点|从友谊必要性到交友方法再到友谊观探讨，思维品质螺旋上升|

Unit 6 Friendship单元话题读写组合练 选材聚焦本单元话题，回答问题语篇以多种文本体裁呈现，难度递升；翻译以单元核心词汇及语法为依托，难度适中；书面表达遴选3篇不同角度的话题作文。 任务型阅读 Passage 01 阅读下面短文，回答问题。 Lily is my deskmate and one of my closest friends. She has a warm heart and is always ready to help others. Last term, our school held an English speech contest, and I was nervous to take part in it because I was afraid of speaking in front of a large crowd. When Lily knew my worry, she encouraged me to take part in it. She said, “You have a good English pronunciation. Just believe in yourself! I will practise with you every day.” From that day on, we practised together after school. Lily listened to my speeches carefully and pointed out my mistakes patiently. She also taught me some skills to relax before speaking, like taking deep breaths. On the day of the contest, I still felt a little nervous. Lily held my hand and said, “Take it easy. You’ve practised so hard, and you will do well.” Her words made me feel much more confident. When I stood on the stage, I looked at Lily in the audience. She smiled at me and gave me a thumbs-up. With her support, I finished my speech smoothly. Finally, I won the third prize. I ran to Lily and hugged her tightly. “Thank you, Lily! I couldn’t have done it without you,” I said. Lily laughed and replied, “You’re welcome. I’m so proud of you!” This experience made me realise that a true friend will always support you when you need help. 1．What event made the writer feel nervous last term? 2．How did Lily help the writer prepare for the English speech contest? 3．What skill did Lily teach the writer to relax before speaking? 4．What did Lily do to encourage the writer on the contest day? 5．What did the writer realise from this experience? 6．Suppose you are the writer, please continue the story in no more than 30 words. (Hint: What did the writer and Lily do after the contest?) Passage 02 阅读下面短文，回答问题。 An eight-year-old boy, Alex, has a plan to help his best friend, Lily, live a more independent life. Lily was born with spinal muscular atrophy, a rare disease that makes her muscles (肌肉) very weak. She cannot walk or move by herself and must use a wheelchair. Her present wheelchair is old and uncomfortable, and it does not meet her daily needs, which makes it difficult for her to go to school or play with friends. Alex decided to take action. He set a challenge for himself: to run a total of 22 miles over six weeks in order to raise enough money to buy Lily a new wheelchair. His father encouraged him from the beginning. “Helping others is important,” his father said, “and it makes you feel strong inside.” Alex trained carefully every day, even when the weather was cold or rainy. Lily was very touched by his efforts. “I’m proud of Alex,” she said. “He runs so fast and raises money for me. I feel really happy. Every time he runs, we cheer together, ‘Go, Alex, go!’” The new wheelchair costs £2,000, but Alex is already close to reaching his goal thanks to donations from neighbours, friends and schoolmates. When asked why Lily is such a good friend, Alex explained, “She is always kind to me. We play together, talk about everything, and share secrets. She’s my best friend.” Alex also described how he finds strength during his runs: “Sometimes it’s really hard to keep running, and my legs feel tired, but I think ___________________. That thought keeps me going.” Stories like Alex and Lily’s show that true friendship can bring out courage and determination. Helping a friend, even in small ways, can make a big difference. Their story reminds us that caring for each other and showing kindness are among the most important things in life. 7．Why does Lily have to use a wheelchair? 8．Did Alex plan to run 22 miles in one day? 9．Besides feeling proud, how did Lily feel about Alex’s efforts? 10．Who helped Alex reach his goal? 11．Complete the sentence about Alex’s thought in Paragraph 5 within 10 words. 12．The article says “Helping a friend, even in small ways, can make a big difference.” Give one example to show how you can help a friend in your daily life in less than 30 words. Passage 03 阅读下面短文，回答问题。 Jessica and Joyce were best friends in junior Grade Three. They did almost everything together. Then one day, after a misunderstanding (误解), Joyce stopped talking to Jessica. For more than three months, Joyce refused to talk to Jessica or answer her notes. “During that time, I found out what an important friend she was,” Jessica says, “I couldn’t even give all my attention to my study, I just thought about how to heal (修复) our friendship.” The next term, Jessica tried again. This time, Joyce was also happy to work it out. It took some time and hard work, but the friendship was healed. Most of us have suffered the pain of broken friendships. But the good news is that most friendships can be healed. Oxford professor Michael Argyle recently finished a 15-year study that found out what makes people happy. What did he find? The key to happiness is having one close relationship and a network of friends. Other studies show that our social connections make us healthier. Keeping a healthy friendship is worth the hard work! If there’s a broken friendship you’d like to heal, try the following advice: > Try to see things from your friend’s point of view. >Talk about the problems openly but kindly. At first, Jessica didn’t understand why Joyce stopped talking to her. Then Joyce finally explained that Jessica’s trick made her upset. “I finally found out she was angry because I made fun of her in front of the boys in our class.” Jessica explained. Jessica meant nothing by her trick and thought it shouldn’t make Joyce upset. But when she realized that it was embarrassing (令人难堪的) to Joyce, she stopped. Then their friendship could heal. It’s not strange for friendships to change. Problems come when one friend tries to keep on while the other friend lets go. If your friend isn’t ready to work things out, accept it and move on. 13．Why did Joyce and Jessica stop talking to each other? 14．How did Jessica feel when Joyce didn’t want to talk to her? 15．After some time and hard work, Jessica and Joyce became friends again, didn’t they? 16．According to Michael Argyle’s study, what is the key to happiness? 17．Is it strange or common for friendship to change? 18．If your best friend does not talk to you, would you like to heal your friendship? What will you do? Passage 04 阅读下面短文，回答问题。 What does friendship mean? There is no definite answer. Friendship is also necessary in daily life. When you are happy, friendship is just like adding flowers on the brocade (图案); when you are sad, friendship is a dose (一剂) of consolation (安慰); if you are in trouble, friends will surround you and remove the barriers for you; if you have a hard nut to crack, you can turn to friends for help. A man without friends is an angel without wings, whose life will suffer in the long tolerance of loneliness and depression. We have much to share with our friends in life, perplexity (困惑), excitement and bitterness. America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while – then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families. Americans are ready to receive us foreigner at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily. Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don’t show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily activities. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably. For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for purely business matters. So accept their hospitality at home! 19．What can we share with friends in our daily life? 20．What will Americans do even after a long break? 21．The idea about friendship is the same as ours, isn’t it? Where do the Americans express their welcome? 22．How will we probably be treated when we arrive in America to visit an American friend? 23．What does the underlined words “generous with our time” in paragraph 3 probably mean? 24．A suitable title for this passage would probably be “ ”. Passage 05 阅读下面短文，回答问题。 When the bell rang, Matt entered the classroom with a heavy heart. “Hey, Matt,” his best friend Tom greeted him. He and Tom were in the school’s basketball team. “Why the long face? Are you still feeling blue about Saturday night’s game?” Tom asked. “Of course I am,” Matt said quietly. He didn’t dare to look at Tom as he spoke. “I’m really sorry about letting everybody down. The other team got those points because of me.” “Don’t be too hard on yourself!” Tom said. “Although you pushed their player, it was just an accident. Everyone knows that!” Tom was a good friend. But Matt knew the referee didn’t share Tom’s opinion. When the referee saw Matt push another player, he gave the other team two free throws. Matt was as shocked as anyone when the accident happened, but it was too late. He couldn’t take it back. “I guess we have to respect his decision,” Matt said after a while. “But we had a good chance to win until I made that mistake. Why wasn’t I more careful? I could just kick myself! I really could.” “Listen, Matt,” said Tom, “try to look on the bright side. The other team is the best in our area, but our scores were really close. I’m proud of us, and I know our coach and everyone else in our school are as well.” Matt felt a bit better. “Thanks, Tom. I guess it’s just hard to lose.” “Hey, you can’t win them all,” said Tom. “It’s more important to learn from your mistakes so that you don’t repeat them in future. We’ll keep working together as a team. One for all, and all for one, right?” “You’re right. If we pull together, we should win next time,” Matt smiled. He was lucky to have a friend like Tom! 25．How did Tom know that Matt was sad when he saw him? 26．Why did Tom feel proud of their team even though they lost? 27．What did Tom say to make Matt feel better? 28．What can you learn from Matt’s story? 29．When a friend feels bad about making a mistake, what advice can you offer to help them feel better? 句子翻译 1. 我想知道我的朋友是否会来参加我的生日派对。（whether） _______________________________________________________________________ 2. 每个周末，我和最好的朋友都喜欢在公园闲逛。（hang out） _______________________________________________________________________ 3. 你能告诉我当你感到难过时，你的朋友会做什么吗？（when） _______________________________________________________________________ 4. 我的朋友承诺会帮我一起完成这个困难的项目。（finish） _______________________________________________________________________ 5. 真正的朋友会在你需要的时候支持你，尤其是在你遇到麻烦时。（especially） _______________________________________________________________________ 6. 他们两者都没有完成作业，所以老师很生气。(finish) _______________________________________________________________________ 7. 尽管面临困难，她仍然保持着坚定的信念。(firm) _______________________________________________________________________ 8. 我不认为这是她的错，尽管大家都责怪她。(think) _______________________________________________________________________ 话题写作 1．Write a passage of at least 60 words on the topic "Everybody Needs Friends"（以“每个人都需要朋友”为题写一篇不少于60个词的英语短文，标点符号不占格。） Use the following points as a guide. （短文须包含下列要点。） * Why does everybody need friends? * Have your friends ever done anything special for you? * When you graduate from junior middle school, what will you say to your friends? Everybody Needs Friends __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．某英文报 Kids Voice 栏目正在征稿，请你根据要求用英语写一篇文章投稿， 谈谈你的想法。     Some teenagers have difficulty in finding a true friend. They make friends by following suit (随大流). That means they do the same as their friends, such as playing online games or saying bad words behind others, although they’re not willing to. Share your ideas about the topic.     1. What do you think about following suit to make friends?     2. How can teenagers make true friends?     Support your ideas with your experience as an example. 注意： 1. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称； 2. 语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范； 3. 词数 60左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．近期，学校举行了一场《复制粘贴VS百变盲盒：我们应该怎样选择朋友》的辩论赛。一方认为“朋友应当志趣相投”，另一方则认为“朋友应当各具特色”。观看完整场辩论赛后，你对朋友有怎样的要求？请结合自身经历或所见所闻，以“Should friends be alike or different?”为题写一篇短文，阐述你的观点。 提示词：personality, hobbies and interests, learn from each other, respect and understanding... 要求： 1. 文章中不得出现真实姓名、校名； 2. 词数：适当运用提示词，字数不少于80词。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Friendship单元话题读写组合练 选材聚焦本单元话题，回答问题语篇以多种文本体裁呈现，难度递升；翻译以单元核心词汇及语法为依托，难度适中；书面表达遴选3篇不同角度的话题作文。 任务型阅读 Passage 01 阅读下面短文，回答问题。 Lily is my deskmate and one of my closest friends. She has a warm heart and is always ready to help others. Last term, our school held an English speech contest, and I was nervous to take part in it because I was afraid of speaking in front of a large crowd. When Lily knew my worry, she encouraged me to take part in it. She said, “You have a good English pronunciation. Just believe in yourself! I will practise with you every day.” From that day on, we practised together after school. Lily listened to my speeches carefully and pointed out my mistakes patiently. She also taught me some skills to relax before speaking, like taking deep breaths. On the day of the contest, I still felt a little nervous. Lily held my hand and said, “Take it easy. You’ve practised so hard, and you will do well.” Her words made me feel much more confident. When I stood on the stage, I looked at Lily in the audience. She smiled at me and gave me a thumbs-up. With her support, I finished my speech smoothly. Finally, I won the third prize. I ran to Lily and hugged her tightly. “Thank you, Lily! I couldn’t have done it without you,” I said. Lily laughed and replied, “You’re welcome. I’m so proud of you!” This experience made me realise that a true friend will always support you when you need help. 1．What event made the writer feel nervous last term? 2．How did Lily help the writer prepare for the English speech contest? 3．What skill did Lily teach the writer to relax before speaking? 4．What did Lily do to encourage the writer on the contest day? 5．What did the writer realise from this experience? 6．Suppose you are the writer, please continue the story in no more than 30 words. (Hint: What did the writer and Lily do after the contest?) 【答案】1．The school’s English speech contest made the writer feel nervous. 2．She practised with the writer every day after school, listened to the writer’s speeches carefully, pointed out mistakes patiently, and taught the writer some skills to relax. 3．Taking deep breaths. 4．She held the writer’s hand, said something encouraging to comfort the writer, smiled at the writer and gave a thumbs-up when the writer was on the stage. 5．A true friend will always support you when you need help. 6．We took photos with my prize together after the contest, promising to support each other in more activities in the future. 【导语】本文讲述了作者在好友Lily的鼓励与帮助下，克服紧张参加英语演讲比赛并获奖的经历，体现了真正的友谊会在需要时给予支持。 1．首段直接点明“Last term, our school held an English speech contest, and I was nervous to take part in it”，交代了让作者感到紧张的事件。 2．第二段完整记录了Lily的帮助行为：每天放学后和作者一起练习，认真听作者的演讲并耐心指出错误，还教作者演讲前放松的技巧。 3．第二段明确提到“She also taught me some skills to relax before speaking, like taking deep breaths”，这是 Lily 教给作者的放松技巧。 4．第三段描述了比赛当天Lily的鼓励举动：握住作者的手说安慰的话语，在作者站在舞台上时，微笑着向作者竖起大拇指。 5．文章最后一句直接点明作者的感悟：“This experience made me realise that a true friend will always support you when you need help”。 6．本题为开放性续写，需围绕“赛后两人的活动”展开，字数不超过30词，情感贴合友谊主题，合理作答即可。 Passage 02 阅读下面短文，回答问题。 An eight-year-old boy, Alex, has a plan to help his best friend, Lily, live a more independent life. Lily was born with spinal muscular atrophy, a rare disease that makes her muscles (肌肉) very weak. She cannot walk or move by herself and must use a wheelchair. Her present wheelchair is old and uncomfortable, and it does not meet her daily needs, which makes it difficult for her to go to school or play with friends. Alex decided to take action. He set a challenge for himself: to run a total of 22 miles over six weeks in order to raise enough money to buy Lily a new wheelchair. His father encouraged him from the beginning. “Helping others is important,” his father said, “and it makes you feel strong inside.” Alex trained carefully every day, even when the weather was cold or rainy. Lily was very touched by his efforts. “I’m proud of Alex,” she said. “He runs so fast and raises money for me. I feel really happy. Every time he runs, we cheer together, ‘Go, Alex, go!’” The new wheelchair costs £2,000, but Alex is already close to reaching his goal thanks to donations from neighbours, friends and schoolmates. When asked why Lily is such a good friend, Alex explained, “She is always kind to me. We play together, talk about everything, and share secrets. She’s my best friend.” Alex also described how he finds strength during his runs: “Sometimes it’s really hard to keep running, and my legs feel tired, but I think ___________________. That thought keeps me going.” Stories like Alex and Lily’s show that true friendship can bring out courage and determination. Helping a friend, even in small ways, can make a big difference. Their story reminds us that caring for each other and showing kindness are among the most important things in life. 7．Why does Lily have to use a wheelchair? 8．Did Alex plan to run 22 miles in one day? 9．Besides feeling proud, how did Lily feel about Alex’s efforts? 10．Who helped Alex reach his goal? 11．Complete the sentence about Alex’s thought in Paragraph 5 within 10 words. 12．The article says “Helping a friend, even in small ways, can make a big difference.” Give one example to show how you can help a friend in your daily life in less than 30 words. 【答案】7．Because she was born with spinal muscular atrophy, which makes her muscles very weak and she cannot walk or move by herself. 8．No, he didn’t. 9．She felt really happy. 10．Neighbours, friends and schoolmates. 11．about Lily/I’m doing this for Lily/I want to help Lily 12．I can help my friend carry his/her schoolbag when he/she is tired.（答案不唯一） 【导语】本文主要讲述了8岁男孩Alex为了帮助患有脊髓性肌萎缩症的好友Lily，计划在六周内跑完22英里以筹集资金购买新轮椅的故事，展现了真正的友谊能激发勇气和决心，帮助朋友哪怕是小事也能产生巨大影响。 7．第一段明确提到“Lily was born with spinal muscular atrophy, a rare disease that makes her muscles (肌肉) very weak. She cannot walk or move by herself and must use a wheelchair.”，这表明Lily必须使用轮椅是因为她生来患有脊髓性肌萎缩症，这种罕见疾病使她的肌肉非常虚弱，无法自己行走或移动，答案是对原文信息的整合。 8．根据第二段“He set a challenge for himself: to run a total of 22 miles over six weeks in order to raise enough money to buy Lily a new wheelchair.”可知，Alex计划在六周内跑完22英里，而不是一天跑22英里，答案为否定回答，是原文直接信息的判断。 9．从第三段“Lily was very touched by his efforts. ‘I’m proud of Alex,’ she said. ‘He runs so fast and raises money for me. I feel really happy.’”能直接得出，除了感到骄傲，Lily对Alex的努力还感到非常开心，这是原文具体表述的提取。 10．由第四段“The new wheelchair costs £2,000, but Alex is already close to reaching his goal thanks to donations from neighbours, friends and schoolmates.”可知，邻居、朋友和同学通过捐款帮助Alex接近目标，答案是对原文信息的提取。 11．结合前文Alex为帮助Lily筹集资金买新轮椅而跑步，以及后文“That thought keeps me going.”可知，这里Alex的想法应该是和帮助Lily有关，只要围绕此主题且在10个单词以内即可，答案合理。 12．这是一个开放题，答案不唯一。需要结合日常生活，给出能帮助朋友的具体事例，且字数在30词以内，示例答案合理。 Passage 03 阅读下面短文，回答问题。 Jessica and Joyce were best friends in junior Grade Three. They did almost everything together. Then one day, after a misunderstanding (误解), Joyce stopped talking to Jessica. For more than three months, Joyce refused to talk to Jessica or answer her notes. “During that time, I found out what an important friend she was,” Jessica says, “I couldn’t even give all my attention to my study, I just thought about how to heal (修复) our friendship.” The next term, Jessica tried again. This time, Joyce was also happy to work it out. It took some time and hard work, but the friendship was healed. Most of us have suffered the pain of broken friendships. But the good news is that most friendships can be healed. Oxford professor Michael Argyle recently finished a 15-year study that found out what makes people happy. What did he find? The key to happiness is having one close relationship and a network of friends. Other studies show that our social connections make us healthier. Keeping a healthy friendship is worth the hard work! If there’s a broken friendship you’d like to heal, try the following advice: > Try to see things from your friend’s point of view. >Talk about the problems openly but kindly. At first, Jessica didn’t understand why Joyce stopped talking to her. Then Joyce finally explained that Jessica’s trick made her upset. “I finally found out she was angry because I made fun of her in front of the boys in our class.” Jessica explained. Jessica meant nothing by her trick and thought it shouldn’t make Joyce upset. But when she realized that it was embarrassing (令人难堪的) to Joyce, she stopped. Then their friendship could heal. It’s not strange for friendships to change. Problems come when one friend tries to keep on while the other friend lets go. If your friend isn’t ready to work things out, accept it and move on. 13．Why did Joyce and Jessica stop talking to each other? 14．How did Jessica feel when Joyce didn’t want to talk to her? 15．After some time and hard work, Jessica and Joyce became friends again, didn’t they? 16．According to Michael Argyle’s study, what is the key to happiness? 17．Is it strange or common for friendship to change? 18．If your best friend does not talk to you, would you like to heal your friendship? What will you do? 【答案】13．Because of a misunderstanding. 14．She felt very sad. 15．Yes, they did. 16．The key to happiness is having one close relationship and a network of friends. 17．It is common for friendship to change. 18．Yes. I will talk to my friend about the problem. 【导语】本文讲述了杰西卡和乔伊斯是好朋友，有段时间她们不再说话，后来误会解除，她们又成为好朋友。幸福的关键是拥有一个亲密的关系和朋友圈。如果你想要修复破碎的友谊，试试以下建议：试着从你朋友的角度看问题；公开但友好地谈论问题。 13．根据“Then one day, after a misunderstanding (误解), Joyce stopped talking to Jessica”可知因为一次误会，杰西卡·乔伊斯不再说话了，故填Because of a misunderstanding. 14．根据“I couldn’t even give all my attention to my study”可知那段时间她不能好好学习，所以她很难过，故填She felt very sad. 15．根据“The next term, Jessica tried again. This time, Joyce was also happy to work it out. It took some time and hard work, but the friendship was healed.”可知她们经过时间和共同努力又成为朋友，此处作肯定回答。故填Yes, they did. 16．根据“The key to happiness is having one close relationship and a network of friends”可知幸福的关键是拥有一个亲密的关系和朋友圈。故填The key to happiness is having one close relationship and a network of friends. 17．根据“It’s not strange for friendships to change”可知友谊的改变并不奇怪。故填It is common for friendship to change. 18．开放性试题，答案合理切题即可。例如：我愿意修复我们的友谊，根据“Try to see things from your friend’s point of view. Talk about the problems openly but kindly.”可知可以试着从你朋友的角度看问题，公开但友好地谈论问题。故填Yes. I will talk to my friend about the problem. Passage 04 阅读下面短文，回答问题。 What does friendship mean? There is no definite answer. Friendship is also necessary in daily life. When you are happy, friendship is just like adding flowers on the brocade (图案); when you are sad, friendship is a dose (一剂) of consolation (安慰); if you are in trouble, friends will surround you and remove the barriers for you; if you have a hard nut to crack, you can turn to friends for help. A man without friends is an angel without wings, whose life will suffer in the long tolerance of loneliness and depression. We have much to share with our friends in life, perplexity (困惑), excitement and bitterness. America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while – then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families. Americans are ready to receive us foreigner at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily. Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don’t show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily activities. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably. For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for purely business matters. So accept their hospitality at home! 19．What can we share with friends in our daily life? 20．What will Americans do even after a long break? 21．The idea about friendship is the same as ours, isn’t it? Where do the Americans express their welcome? 22．How will we probably be treated when we arrive in America to visit an American friend? 23．What does the underlined words “generous with our time” in paragraph 3 probably mean? 24．A suitable title for this passage would probably be “ ”. 【答案】19．Perplexity, excitement and bitterness. 20．They will pick up the friendship again. 21．No, it isn’t.   At their homes. 22．We will be treated hospitably. 23．It means willing to spend time. 24．The different idea about friendship between Chinese and Americans 【分析】本文讲述了友谊在我们生活中的重要性，并介绍了美国人和中国人所表达的不同的友谊之道。 【详解】19．根据文中“We have much to share with our friends in life, perplexity, excitement and bitterness”，可知，在日常生活中，我们跟朋友分享困惑，喜悦和悲痛。故答案为Perplexity, excitement and bitterness。 20．根据文中“If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship”，可知，如果两个美国人多年后再次偶遇，他们会重拾起这段友谊。故答案为They will pick up the friendship again。 21．根据文中“This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand”和“Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that …”，可知，我们和美国人对于友谊的看法是不一样的，所以是否定回答No, it isn’t。根据“The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes”，可知，美国人通常是在家里表达他们的欢迎。故答案为No, it isn’t . At their homes。 22．根据“Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably”，可知，当我们去拜访一个美国朋友，他们会很热情地接待我们。故答案为We will be treated hospitably。 23．根据文中“Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends”可知，我们中国人会花很多时间来陪我们的客人，所以在时间方便，我们很慷慨。故答案为It means willing to spend time。 24．本文讲述的是我们中国人和美国人对待友谊的不同看法。故答案为The different idea about friendship between Chinese and Americans。 Passage 05 阅读下面短文，回答问题。 When the bell rang, Matt entered the classroom with a heavy heart. “Hey, Matt,” his best friend Tom greeted him. He and Tom were in the school’s basketball team. “Why the long face? Are you still feeling blue about Saturday night’s game?” Tom asked. “Of course I am,” Matt said quietly. He didn’t dare to look at Tom as he spoke. “I’m really sorry about letting everybody down. The other team got those points because of me.” “Don’t be too hard on yourself!” Tom said. “Although you pushed their player, it was just an accident. Everyone knows that!” Tom was a good friend. But Matt knew the referee didn’t share Tom’s opinion. When the referee saw Matt push another player, he gave the other team two free throws. Matt was as shocked as anyone when the accident happened, but it was too late. He couldn’t take it back. “I guess we have to respect his decision,” Matt said after a while. “But we had a good chance to win until I made that mistake. Why wasn’t I more careful? I could just kick myself! I really could.” “Listen, Matt,” said Tom, “try to look on the bright side. The other team is the best in our area, but our scores were really close. I’m proud of us, and I know our coach and everyone else in our school are as well.” Matt felt a bit better. “Thanks, Tom. I guess it’s just hard to lose.” “Hey, you can’t win them all,” said Tom. “It’s more important to learn from your mistakes so that you don’t repeat them in future. We’ll keep working together as a team. One for all, and all for one, right?” “You’re right. If we pull together, we should win next time,” Matt smiled. He was lucky to have a friend like Tom! 25．How did Tom know that Matt was sad when he saw him? 26．Why did Tom feel proud of their team even though they lost? 27．What did Tom say to make Matt feel better? 28．What can you learn from Matt’s story? 29．When a friend feels bad about making a mistake, what advice can you offer to help them feel better? 【答案】25．Matt had a long face. 26．Because the other team was the best in their area, but their scores were really close. 27．Tom told Matt not to be too hard on himself, to look on the bright side, and that it was more important to learn from mistakes and keep working together as a team. 28．We shouldn’t be too hard on ourselves when we make mistakes, and we should realize that teamwork and learning from mistakes are important. 29．Possible answer: I would advise them to stay positive, focus on what they can improve next time, and remind them that everyone makes mistakes. （答案合理即可） 【导语】本文讲述 Matt因比赛失误自责，朋友Tom安慰他的故事。 25．根据第一段最后一句“Why the long face? Are you still feeling blue about Saturday night’s game?” 可知Tom通过 Matt愁眉苦脸的样子，看出他还在为比赛难过。因此答案是原文直接信息。 26．根据第六段第二三句“The other team is the best in our area, but our scores were really close. I’m proud of us, and I know our coach and everyone else in our school are as well.”可知虽然他们输了比赛，但对手是当地最强的队伍，而两队的比分差距很小，Tom认为他们的表现已经很好了，所以为团队感到骄傲。这是原文的信息，直接提取。 27．根据第三段“Don’t be too hard on yourself!” Tom said. “Although you pushed their player, it was just an accident. Everyone knows that!”、第六段“try to look on the bright side. The other team is the best in our area, but our scores were really close.”和第八段“It’s more important to learn from your mistakes so that you don’t repeat them in future. We’ll keep working together as a team. One for all, and all for one, right?”可知Tom的安慰分为三层：① 告诉Matt不要苛责自己，失误只是意外；②引导他看积极的一面，强调比分差距小，团队表现很好；③鼓励他从错误中学习，和团队一起努力，传递“人人为我，我为人人”的团队精神。答案将这三点整合为“Tom told Matt not to be too hard on himself, to look on the bright side, and that it was more important to learn from mistakes and keep working together as a team.” 28．根据第八段“It’s more important to learn from your mistakes so that you don’t repeat them in future.”可知面对失误，与其自责，不如从中吸取教训，避免未来再犯。答案可总结为“We shouldn’t be too hard on ourselves when we make mistakes, and we should realize that teamwork and learning from mistakes are important.” 29．这是开放性问题，参考Tom的做法，可以从“共情安慰”、“引导正向思考”、“转移注意力”等角度给出建议，只要合理即可。 句子翻译 1. 我想知道我的朋友是否会来参加我的生日派对。（whether） _______________________________________________________________________ I wonder whether my friend will come to my birthday party. 解析：whether 引导宾语从句，表示 “是否”，时态用一般将来时。 2. 每个周末，我和最好的朋友都喜欢在公园闲逛。（hang out） _______________________________________________________________________ Every weekend, my best friend and I like to hang out in the park. 解析：hang out 表示 “闲逛、消磨时间”，主语顺序为 “别人 + 自己”，用一般现在时表示经常性动作。 3. 你能告诉我当你感到难过时，你的朋友会做什么吗？（when） _______________________________________________________________________ Could you tell me what your friends do when you feel sad? 解析：when 引导时间状语从句，主句用委婉的 Could you tell me，宾语从句用陈述语序。 4. 我的朋友承诺会帮我一起完成这个困难的项目。（finish） _______________________________________________________________________ My friend promised to help me (to) finish this difficult project together. 解析：promise to do sth. 表示 “承诺做某事”，help sb. (to) do sth. 表示 “帮助某人做某事”。 5. 真正的朋友会在你需要的时候支持你，尤其是在你遇到麻烦时。（especially） _______________________________________________________________________ A true friend will support you when you are in need, especially when you are in trouble. 解析：especially 用于强调，when 引导两个时间状语从句，in need 和 in trouble 都是常用短语。 6. 他们两者都没有完成作业，所以老师很生气。(finish) _______________________________________________________________________ Neither of them finished their homework, so the teacher was very angry. 解析：neither of 表示 “两者都不”，谓语动词用单数；用一般过去时描述过去发生的动作。 7. 尽管面临困难，她仍然保持着坚定的信念。(firm) _______________________________________________________________________ Despite facing difficulties, she still holds a firm belief. 解析：despite 后接名词 / 动名词；firm belief 表示 “坚定的信念”。也可以用 Although she is facing difficulties, she still keeps a firm belief. 8. 我不认为这是她的错，尽管大家都责怪她。(think) _______________________________________________________________________ I don't think it's her fault, even though everyone blames her. 解析：否定转移用法，“不认为” 在英文中习惯将否定前移到主句；even though/although 引导让步状语从句。 话题写作 1．Write a passage of at least 60 words on the topic "Everybody Needs Friends"（以“每个人都需要朋友”为题写一篇不少于60个词的英语短文，标点符号不占格。） Use the following points as a guide. （短文须包含下列要点。） * Why does everybody need friends? * Have your friends ever done anything special for you? * When you graduate from junior middle school, what will you say to your friends? Everybody Needs Friends __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Everyone has friends and every needs friends. There are many reasons why people needs friends. For example，people can share their happiness with their friends. When people have trouble solving problems，their friends can offer help. As for me，I have lots of friends. They have helped me a lot with my study in the past few years. Once I had a bad cold and was absent from school，my friends taught me what they have learnt in class. It made me feel warm to have so many friends. When I graduate from junior middle school，I want to say thanks to my friends and I hope that we can keep in touch with each other forever. 【详解】1、题干解读：该题目是话题作文，作文标题已经给出，内容要包含题目中所列出的三个方面的要点。 2、例文点评：例文采用三段式结构，人称以第一人称和第三人称为主，时态以一般现在时为主；第一段叙述人们需要朋友的原因，第二段叙述作者的朋友曾经为作者做的事情，第三段叙述作者对自己朋友想说的话；整篇文章内容完整，结构清晰条理。 3、高分亮点： 短语：for example；share sth. with sb.；as for sb.；lots of；be absent from；in the past few years。 句型：there be句型；have trouble doing sth.；help sb. with sth.；what引导的宾语从句；make sb. do；that引导的宾语从句。 2．某英文报 Kids Voice 栏目正在征稿，请你根据要求用英语写一篇文章投稿， 谈谈你的想法。     Some teenagers have difficulty in finding a true friend. They make friends by following suit (随大流). That means they do the same as their friends, such as playing online games or saying bad words behind others, although they’re not willing to. Share your ideas about the topic.     1. What do you think about following suit to make friends?     2. How can teenagers make true friends?     Support your ideas with your experience as an example. 注意： 1. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称； 2. 语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范； 3. 词数 60左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 It isn’t wise to follow suit to make friends. Firstly, following suit is against being yourself, which will make you unhappy. Even worse, you might forget who you really are while doing so. Secondly, you may do something terrible to others when following suit, like hurting others’ feelings. As for how to make true friends, I think being honest and polite is the best policy. Besides, be glad to offer your time and help when others are in need. When my classmate Jack failed his math test, I helped him review the lessons every day. Now, we are best friends. Last but not least, you should develop some hobbies which will help you find friends with similar interests. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”； ③提示：写作要求已给出，学生不要遗漏题目中的要点，适当添加细节，写作时保持主谓一致，注意字数要求。 [写作步骤] 第一步，总起引出话题； 第二步，讲述模仿他人交友是并不明智的； 第三步，讲述如何交到真正的好朋友。 [亮点词汇] ①Even worse更糟糕的是 ②be glad to do sth.很高兴做某事 ③help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事 ④Last but not least最后但同样重要的是 [高分句型] ①Firstly, following suit is against being yourself, which will make you unhappy. （which引导非限定性定语从句） ②When my classmate Jack failed his math test, I helped him review the lessons every day. （when引导时间状语从句） 3．近期，学校举行了一场《复制粘贴VS百变盲盒：我们应该怎样选择朋友》的辩论赛。一方认为“朋友应当志趣相投”，另一方则认为“朋友应当各具特色”。观看完整场辩论赛后，你对朋友有怎样的要求？请结合自身经历或所见所闻，以“Should friends be alike or different?”为题写一篇短文，阐述你的观点。 提示词：personality, hobbies and interests, learn from each other, respect and understanding... 要求： 1. 文章中不得出现真实姓名、校名； 2. 词数：适当运用提示词，字数不少于80词。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Should friends be alike or different? Some people think friends should share the same interests, while others believe different personalities make friendship more colorful. I believe the best friendship mixes both. My best friend and I both love basketball. We practice and watch games together, which brings us lots of joy. But she’s outgoing while I’m quiet. She takes me to join fun activities, and I help her enjoy quiet reading time. In short, similar interests connect us, and differences help us grow. This makes friendship wonderful. 【详解】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：夹叙夹议类议论文，主时态为一般现在时，叙述个人经历时可使用一般过去时 明确要点：提出个人观点；结合自身经历或所见所闻论证观点；合理运用题干给出的提示词 确定人称：第一人称 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和校名，词数不少于80词 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：引入话题，开门见山点明自己的核心观点 主体段：结合自身经历，运用题干提示词从不同角度论证自己的观点 结尾段：总结观点，升华对友谊本质的理解 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：点明观点 share the same interests/have different personalities and hobbies/need both similarities and differences等 要点二：自身经历 both love basketball/practice and watch games together/she’s outgoing while I’m quiet/build deep respect and understanding through getting along with each other等 要点三：总结 connect us/make friendship wonderful/learn from each other/have more topics to talk about等 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $