专题05 阅读理解七选五（期末真题汇编，福建专用）高一英语下学期

**基本信息** 这份高中英语七选五阅读理解汇编，精选福建各地市高一下期末真题，涵盖“人与社会”“人与自我”18个真实情境主题，强化语篇逻辑与核心素养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |七选五|18篇（每篇5题）|社会交往（如打断应对策略）、语言学习（如词汇积累方法）、健康生活（如运动与音乐）等|情境真实（如家庭照护、志愿服务），逻辑层次分明（从基础衔接句到深层推理），匹配高一下期末语篇能力要求|

专题05 阅读理解（七选五） 主题01 人与社会——社会交往与沟通艺术 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福建厦门·期末） Interruptions are terrible in communication — but not all come from the same place. “It’s possible that someone’s cutting in because they have a difficult time focusing without speaking,” says Jefferson Fisher, an author of The Next Conversation: Argue Less, Talk More. In that case? Let them get their words out. 1 Other times, your conversation partner will cut in on purpose. “What they’ re saying is, ‘What I have to say is more important than what you have to say,’” Fisher points out. What should you do about it? 2 . Just keep talking. The first time someone cuts in, continue speaking as though you haven’t been interrupted. “It might sound rude to continue what you’re saying, but it establishes power,” says Jamila Musayeva, an etiquette expert. 3 Don’t raise your voice or start to mumble (小声嘀咕). “You’re not showing them that you’re being caused by it, and you’re not giving them the attention they’re looking for,” she says. That may be all it takes to ensure they allow you to speak. 4 If the person interrupting you continues to do so, it’s time to take action. Address him by name: “Names get people’s attention,” Fisher says. Plus, when using the phrasing he suggests, you actually mean “It’s not me saying anything about you. It’s me saying it about me: ‘I can’t hear you.’” That, he’s found, usually puts an end to the interruptions. “May I finish?” People often make the mistake of apologizing when they’re the ones being interrupted: 5 Avoid that — you didn’t do anything wrong, says Elise Powers, who runs a global communications training firm. Instead, she suggests asking if you can finish what you were saying. “Do it in a confident way, where almost no one is going to say ‘No, you may not finish,’” she says. A．“Sorry, can I continue?” B．They don’t mean any harm. C．The key is maintaining the same tone. D．“John, I’ll turn it over to you when I finish.” E．“Bob, I can’t hear you when you interrupt me.” F．You’ll finish your thought, and then they can share theirs. G．We asked experts exactly what to say when someone interrupts you. 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．C 4．E 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了交流中打断他人情况不同，专家建议：首次被打断可继续说，保持语气；若持续打断，可叫其名字并表明自己讲完再让对方说，或自信询问能否讲完。 1．根据上文“Interruptions are terrible in communication — but not all come from the same place. “It’s possible that someone’s cutting in because they have a difficult time focusing without speaking,” says Jefferson Fisher, an author of The Next Conversation: Argue Less, Talk More. In that case? Let them get their words out.(在交流过程中，打断他人的情况十分糟糕——但并非所有的打断都出自同一原因。《下一次的对话：少争论，多交流》一书的作者杰斐逊·费希尔表示：“可能有人打断是因为他们难以在不说话的情况下集中注意力。”在这种情况下呢？就让他们把话说完吧)”可知，前文提到有人打断是因为难以在不说话的情况下集中注意力，此处应说明应对方式，F项“你说完自己的想法，然后他们可以分享他们的”符合逻辑，允许对方说完后自己继续，衔接自然。故选F。 2．根据上文“What should you do about it?(你对此应该怎么办？)”可知，前文提出“该怎么办”的疑问，后文是专家给出的具体建议，本句承上启下，引出下文内容。故G选项“我们向专家询问了当有人打断你时应该怎样回应”符合语境，故选G。 3．根据后文“Don’t raise your voice or start to mumble (小声嘀咕).(不要提高嗓门或开始小声嘀咕)”可知，后文提到“不要提高声音或小声嘀咕”，强调保持语气的重要性，本句是对这一做法的总结，故C选项“关键在于保持同样的语气”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据本段内容“If the person interrupting you continues to do so, it’s time to take action. Address him by name: “Names get people’s attention,” Fisher says. Plus, when using the phrasing he suggests, you actually mean “It’s not me saying anything about you. It’s me saying it about me: ‘I can’t hear you.’” That, he’s found, usually puts an end to the interruptions.(如果打断你的人继续这样做，那就该采取行动了。要直呼其名来指代对方：“名字能引起他人的注意”，费希尔说道。此外，按照他所建议的措辞来表达时，实际上你是在说“不是我在说关于你的那些话，而是我在说关于自己的那些话：‘我听不到你说话了。’”他发现，这样通常就能制止这种打断行为)”可知，此空为小标题，应概括该段内容。段中提到称呼对方名字并使用“我听不见你说话”的表述，故E选项“鲍勃，你打断我时我听不清你说的话。”符合语境，故选E。 5．根据上文“People often make the mistake of apologizing when they’re the ones being interrupted(人们常常会犯这样的错误：当自己正要发言却被打断时，却还去道歉)”以及后文“Avoid that — you didn’t do anything wrong, says Elise Powers, who runs a global communications training firm.(“别那样做——你并没有做错什么，”埃莉斯·鲍尔斯说道。她经营着一家全球性的沟通培训公司)”可知，前文指出被打断时道歉是错误的，本句对此错误做法进行举例，与后文“避免这样做——你没做错什么”呼应，故A选项“不好意思，我可以继续吗？”符合语境，故选A。 主题02 人与社会——家庭关系与社会责任 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福建莆田·期末） While most elderly parents prefer to age in their own homes, safety and health concerns don’t always make this possible. As a second choice to a nursing home, many of them move in to live with their adult children. 1 Let’s take a look at a few tips to help you open your heart and home to your senior parents. Patience You and your children may be excited about the idea of having your elderly parents move in, but that doesn’t mean that they will share your excitement. Moving out of their comfortable home can be very upsetting. 2 Space Before you bring an elderly parent into your home, you need to consider if you have enough space for them. 3 This means that you should give them their own bedroom. It’s important to give your parents a space where they can have some privacy. Responsibility and Purpose Your senior parents used to be in charge of their own home and are likely to feel like a burden as they begin to settle in your home. One effective way is to give them a household responsibility. 4 Quality time Moving your elderly parents into your home will undoubtedly have its challenges. However, you are being given the opportunity to spend valuable quality time with your parents and share them with the rest of the family. 5 Follow these tips to help make the adjustment easier for the whole family. A．These moments can become precious memories. B．Your parents would like to have a place they can call their own. C．However, everyone will have an adjustment period if it happens. D．Regular medical check-ups are essential for maintaining their health. E．Seniors often bring valuable life experiences when moving in with family. F．Asking them to cook a meal or sweep the floors can make them feel needed. G．It’s important to remain as patient as possible and give them the space to adjust. 【答案】1．C 2．G 3．B 4．F 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了年迈父母选择与成年子女同住这一现象，并提供了帮助父母顺利融入家庭的几点建议，包括保持耐心、提供独立空间、赋予家庭责任以及珍惜相处时光等。 1．根据上文“many of them move in to live with their adult children(许多年迈父母会搬去和成年子女同住)”以及下文“Let’s take a look at a few tips to help you open your heart and home to your senior parents(让我们看看一些帮助你向年迈父母敞开心扉和家门的建议)”可知，上文说的是许多年迈父母会搬去和成年子女同住，下文说的是一些帮助你向年迈父母敞开心扉和家门的建议，可推理出空格处应起到承上启下的作用，引出与父母同住需要适应过程这一话题。C项“However, everyone will have an adjustment period if it happens(然而，如果这种情况发生，每个人都会有一个适应期)”表达的含义符合语境，既承接了父母同住的情况，又为下文的建议做了铺垫，故选C项。 2．根据本段小标题“Patience(耐心)”以及上文“Moving out of their comfortable home can be very upsetting(搬离舒适的家可能会令人心烦意乱)”可知，上文提到了耐心，还提到了搬离舒适的家可能会令人心烦意乱，可推理出下文表示的是要对父母有耐心，要给父母调整情绪留出空间，G项“It’s important to remain as patient as possible and give them the space to adjust(保持尽可能多的耐心，给他们调整的空间是很重要的)”与本段主题 一致，且承接了父母搬离故居的不适，故选G项。 3．根据本段小标题“Space(空间)”以及下文“This means that you should give them their own bedroom. It’s important to give your parents a space where they can have some privacy(这意味着你应该给他们自己的卧室。给父母一个能有隐私的空间很重要)”可知，上文提到了空间，下文提到了要给父母一个能有隐私的空间，可推理出空白处表示的是父母希望有一个属于自己的空间，B项“Your parents would like to have a place they can call their own(你的父母会希望有一个自己的空间)”符合语境，故选B项。 4．根据本段小标题“Responsibility and Purpose(责任与目标)”以及上文“One effective way is to give them a household responsibility(一个有效的方法是给他们一项家庭责任)”可知，上文提到了给他们一项家庭责任，这是一个有效的方法，可推理出空白处说的是让父母做一些力所能及的事，让他们感受到被需要，F项“Asking them to cook a meal or sweep the floors can make them feel needed(让他们做一顿饭或扫地可以让他们感到被需要)”表达的含义符合语境，故选F项。 5．根据本段小标题“Quality time(优质时光)”以及上文“ However, you are being given the opportunity to spend valuable quality time with your parents and share them with the rest of the family(然而，你有机会与父母共度宝贵的优质时光，并与家人分享这些时光)”可知，上文提到了你有机会与父母共度宝贵的优质时光，并与家人分享这些时光，可推理出空格处应说明这些时光的意义。A项“These moments can become precious memories(这些时刻可以成为珍贵的回忆)”表达的含义符合语境，故选A项。 主题03 人与社会——语言学习与文化传播 Passage 1 （24-245高一下·福建福州联盟校·期末） Learning a new language is more than a skill. It gives you an opportunity to understand other cultures. 1 . Choose a language This is a personal decision. 2 If you enjoy studying Japanese history and culture, you may want to add Japanese to the list. Perhaps you’re planning to vacation in Brazil and decide to learn Portuguese before the trip. Maybe you live in an area with many Spanish speakers and believe being bilingual (双语的) will increase your job opportunities. 3 This is important because you need to know which words to use to express yourself and understand what you hear and see. According to the International Center for Language Studies, knowing between 4,000 and 10,000 words in a language typically makes you an advanced speaker. Accept mistakes Mistakes are a common part of the process when learning a language. You may choose the wrong word, change vowel sounds, or use the present tense form of a verb when talking about something that happened last week. When you make a mistake, pay attention to the advice you get. 4 . Set aside time to practice 5 . According to the US Department of State’s Foreign Service Institute, a native English speaker typically needs between 600 and 750 class hours to learn languages like Dutch, French, Italian, and Spanish. You’ll spend around 900 class hours learning German, Haitian Creole, and Swahili. Sometimes you need to learn languages with fewer features in common with English. Then you’d better put in at least 1,100 class hours. A．Build your vocabulary B．Keep trying before setting a goal C．Focus on the 100 most commonly used words D．Try out these steps for how to learn a new language E．Learning a new language takes time and needs regular practice F．Your interests, needs, and goals can help you narrow your choices G．For example, the person you’re talking to may correct your grammar or vocabulary choice 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．A 4．G 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍学习新语言的步骤，包括选语言、建词汇、接受错误和定期练习等。 根据上文“Learning a new language is more than a skill. It gives you an opportunity to understand other cultures. (学习一门新语言不仅仅是一项技能。它给你一个了解其他文化的机会。)”以及下文小标题“Choose a language(选择一门语言)”等具体学习步骤可知，此空应引出学习新语言的步骤。D选项“Try out these steps for how to learn a new language(尝试以下学习新语言的步骤)”中的“these steps”指代下文的具体学习步骤，符合语境。故选D项。 2．根据上文“This is a personal decision. (这是个人决定。)”以及下文“If you enjoy studying Japanese history and culture, you may want to add Japanese to the list. Perhaps you’re planning to vacation in Brazil and decide to learn Portuguese before the trip. (如果你喜欢研究日本历史和文化，或许会想把日语列入学习清单。也许你正计划去巴西度假，于是决定在旅行前学习葡萄牙语。)”可知，此空应说明个人兴趣、需求和目标对选择语言的影响。F选项“Your interests, needs, and goals can help you narrow your choices(你的兴趣、需求和目标能帮助你缩小选择范围)”中的“interests, needs, and goals”对应下文的喜欢研究日本历史文化、计划去巴西度假等内容，符合语境。故选F项。 3．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题。根据空后的“This is important because you need to know which words to use to express yourself and understand what you hear and see. According to the International Center for Language Studies, knowing between 4,000 and 10,000 words in a language typically makes you an advanced speaker. (这一点很重要，因为你需要知道用哪些词汇来表达自己，并理解所听所见的内容。根据国际语言研究中心的说法，掌握一门语言4000到10000个单词通常能让你成为高级使用者。)”可知，本段讲述的内容与词汇量相关。A选项“Build your vocabulary(积累你的词汇量)”直接点明了本段的核心内容，适合作本段小标题。故选A项。 4．根据空前的“When you make a mistake, pay attention to the advice you get. (当你犯错时，注意你得到的建议。)”可知，此空应举例说明得到的建议的具体内容。G选项“For example, the person you’re talking to may correct your grammar or vocabulary choice(例如，和你交谈的人可能会纠正你的语法或词汇选择)”中的“For example”引出具体例子，“correct your grammar or vocabulary choice”是对“advice”的具体说明，符合语境。故选G项。 5．根据本段小标题“Set aside time to practice(留出时间练习)”以及下文“According to the US Department of State’s Foreign Service Institute, a native English speaker typically needs between 600 and 750 class hours to learn languages like Dutch, French, Italian, and Spanish. (根据美国国务院外交学院的说法，以英语为母语的人通常需要600到750课时来学习荷兰语、法语、意大利语和西班牙语等语言。)”可知，此空应强调学习新语言需要时间和定期练习。E选项“Learning a new language takes time and needs regular practice(学习一门新语言需要时间，并且需要定期练习)”中的“takes time and needs regular practice”对应下文不同语言学习所需的课时数，符合语境。故选E项。 主题04 人与社会——艺术与语言的关系 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·福州闽清第二中学·期末） Language is part of our daily lives, no matter where we live in the world. Similarly, music is a part of many people’s lives. 1 Here are some of their similarities. Both language and music have a writing system 2 Similarly, we use notes to keep a record of music. Just as you are reading this collection of letters on the paper and find meaning in it, musicians read notes and create meaning in the form of music which we can hear. By reading pieces of text or music, we are able to share experiences through time. For example, we can read the ideas or hear the composition of someone who lived hundreds of years ago, which is really quite exciting. 3 You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language they use. In the same way, we know that styles of music are different around the world, which gives us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation. Both share emotion How do you know that I am angry? Of course, you may be able to see it in my face, but you will know for sure through my words. 4 Music can show you exactly how the composer was or is feeling, and allows us to share that emotion. When you feel happy, you might want to sing and dance to a happy song. 5 A．Both vary with culture. B．Different culture makes different music. C．Similarly, music can sound angry, sad or happy. D．Both language and music play a huge role in our lives. E．We use music to express emotions, combining it with language in form of lyrics (歌词). F．In contrast, you have probably also listened to sad music when you feel down. G．In English we record language using the alphabet, which is a collection of letters. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．A 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了语言和音乐作为我们日常生活的一部分，它们之间的相似之处，包括书写系统、文化差异以及情感表达等方面。 1．由上文“Similarly, music is a part of many people’s lives. (同样，音乐也是许多人生活的一部分。)”可知，本空应进一步阐述语言和音乐在生活中的重要性。D选项“Both language and music play a huge role in our lives. (语言和音乐在我们的生活中都扮演着重要的角色。)”能承接上文，符合题意，故选D。 2．由上文“Both language and music have a writing system (语言和音乐都有书写系统)”和下文“Similarly, we use notes to keep a record of music. (同样，我们用音符来记录音乐。)”可知，本空应具体说明语言是如何记录的。G选项“In English we record language using the alphabet, which is a collection of letters. (在英语中，我们使用字母表来记录语言，字母表是字母的集合。)”能承上启下，符合题意，故选G。 3．由下文“You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language they use. In the same way, we know that styles of music are different around the world, which gives us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation. (通过听一个人使用的语言，你可以很好地猜测出他来自哪里。同样，我们知道世界各地的音乐风格是不同的，这让我们有机会通过他们的音乐探索许多不同的文化，并为我们提供适合各种情况的音乐。)”可知，本段主要讲述语言和音乐都随着文化而变化。A选项“Both vary with culture. (两者都随文化而变化。)”能概括本段主旨，符合题意，故选A。 4．由上文“How do you know that I am angry? Of course, you may be able to see it in my face, but you will know for sure through my words. (你怎么知道我生气了？当然，你可能能从我的脸上看出来，但你肯定会通过我的话知道。)”和下文“Music can show you exactly how the composer was or is feeling, and allows us to share that emotion. (音乐可以准确地向你展示作曲家过去或现在的感受，并让我们分享这种情感。)”可知，本空应强调音乐和语言一样可以表达情感。C选项“Similarly, music can sound angry, sad or happy. (同样，音乐听起来可以是愤怒、悲伤或快乐的。)”能承上启下，符合题意，故选C。 5．由上文“When you feel happy, you might want to sing and dance to a happy song. (当你感到快乐时，你可能想跟着一首快乐的歌唱歌跳舞。)”可知，本空应与前文对比，说明当你感到沮丧时，你也可能听悲伤的音乐。F选项“In contrast, you have probably also listened to sad music when you feel down. (相反，当你情绪低落时，你可能也听过悲伤的音乐。)”能承接上文，符合题意，故选F。 主题05 人与社会——教育理念与科技产品 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福州第三中学·期末） Many parents are looking for ways to help their kids learn at home. Toys advertised as teaching STEM might seem like one way to achieve this goal. 1 The answer is yes. Toys can indeed teach science, technology, engineering and math concepts — but don’t focus on advertising or fancy labels to find the best bets. There’s no minimum educational requirement that toys must reach to label themselves a “STEM toy”, so almost everything on the market is untested. 2 Some proven winners? Tinkertoys, board games, decks of cards and building blocks. 3 In preschool, for example, the construction of complex block buildings is associated with an improvement in math learning. Blocks, puzzles and shape toys boost spatial skills. Spatial skills, in turn, are associated with later math learning, suggesting that the early exploration of shapes acts as a springboard for more complex math concepts. There are five characteristics that make for a good educational toy: active, engaging, meaningful, encouraging social play and fun. Good play has these characteristics built in. Toys that allow children to build and create also have the advantage of being renewable. 4 It means that kids don’t become bored with them easily. Though adults certainly don’t have to participate in the building of every block tower, some grown-up guidance can help boost kids’ learning from play. One useful tool adults can use while playing with their children is “math talk”. This kind of talk encourages kids to think more deeply about math. 5 Parents can play guessing games with their kids like “Which is the most?” or play simple scorekeeping games like drop-the-clothespins-in-the-jar. A．But do they really work? B．Are the advertisements misleading? C．They’re different every time children return to them. D．Parents get involved by having math talks with kids. E．Conveniently, math talk doesn’t require any toy purchases at all. F．Instead, look for toys that encourage open-ended, active play and problem-solving. G．Research shows creative, open-ended play is how young children learn STEM concepts. 【答案】1．A 2．F 3．G 4．C 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于教学玩具是否具有教育功能，好的教育玩具的特点等。 1．根据上文“Toys advertised as teaching STEM might seem like one way to achieve this goal.”（宣传教STEM的玩具似乎是实现这一目标的一种方式。）以及下文“The answer is yes. Toys can indeed teach science, technology, engineering and math concepts — but don’t focus on advertising or fancy labels to find the best bets.”（答案是肯定的。玩具确实可以教授科学、技术、工程和数学概念——但不要把注意力集中在广告或花哨的标签上，以找到最好的选择。）可知，下设空处为一般疑问句，就宣传教STEM的玩具是否真的能够帮助孩子学习进行提问。故A选项“它们真的有效吗?”切题。故选A项。 2．根据上文“There’s no minimum educational requirement that toys must reach to label themselves a “STEM toy”, so almost everything on the market is untested.”（玩具要贴上“STEM玩具”的标签并没有最低的教育要求，所以市场上几乎所有的东西都是未经测试的。）可知，选项与上文为转折关系，说明要寻找哪类的玩具。故F选项“相反，寻找那些鼓励开放式、积极的游戏和解决问题的玩具。”切题；下文“Some proven winners? Tinkertoys, board games, decks of cards and building blocks.”（一些被证实的赢家？修补玩具、棋盘游戏、扑克牌和积木。）承接F选项，列举了一些被证实具有教育功能的玩具。故选F项。 3．下文“In preschool, for example, the construction of complex block buildings is associated with an improvement in math learning. Blocks, puzzles and shape toys boost spatial skills. Spatial skills, in turn, are associated with later math learning, suggesting that the early exploration of shapes acts as a springboard for more complex math concepts.”（例如，在学前教育中，建造复杂的积木建筑与数学学习的提高有关。积木、拼图和形状玩具可以提高空间技能。反过来，空间技能与后来的数学学习有关，这表明早期对形状的探索是学习更复杂数学概念的跳板。）通过举例，具体说明了创造性的、开放式的游戏是幼儿学习STEM概念的方式。所以选项总起下文说明创造性的、开放式的游戏是幼儿学习STEM概念的方式。故G选项“研究表明，创造性的、开放式的游戏是幼儿学习STEM概念的方式。”切题。故选G项。 4．上文“Toys that allow children to build and create also have the advantage of being renewable.”（让孩子们建造和创造的玩具也具有可再生的优势。）指出，让孩子们建造和创造的玩具具有可以变换更新的特点；C选项“每次返给孩子们时，他们都不一样。”承接上文，继续阐述这些玩具的特点，选项中“They”指代上文中的“Toys that allow children to build and create”，“different every time children return to them”与上文“renewable”相对应；下文“It means that kids don’t become bored with them easily.”（这意味着孩子们不会轻易对它们感到厌倦。）承接C选项，阐述这些玩具每次都不同所带来的益处，“It”指代C选项的内容。故选C项。 5．根据上文“One useful tool adults can use while playing with their children is “math talk”. This kind of talk encourages kids to think more deeply about math.”（成年人可以使用与他们的孩子玩耍是“数学谈话”。这种谈话鼓励孩子们更深入地思考数学。）可知，选项承接上文说明“数学谈话”的优势。故E选项“方便的是，数学谈话根本不需要购买任何玩具。”切题。故选E项。 主题06 人与社会——人际交往与反馈机制 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·福建厦门·期末） Being able to accept criticism (批评) and use it wisely is not just an important life skill; it’ll also make you happier. 1 Here are several rules for doing just that. It’s not personal. When we receive criticism, we tend to consider it a judgment on our abilities rather than on our performance. 2 The solution is to set up an internal belief such as: “It’s not a personal attack on me. I’ll think about it on its face about the matter at hand.” Treat criticism like helpful information. Depersonalizing (去个人化) criticism is a helpful approach that moves the focus from emotion to analysis. 3 It’s a rare glimpse into what outsiders think about your performance, and thus a potential opportunity to correct course and improve. Make criticism a gift, never a weapon. 4 For some—bosses, for example—doing so is part of the job. The key to criticizing to best effect is to remember the gift/weapon rule: If I am criticizing to help, I am doing it right; if I am doing it to harm,I am doing it wrong. Praise in public, criticize in private. A study showed that positive feedback given to students in public was 9 percent more inspiring than when given privately, while negative feedback in private was 11 percent more inspiring than in public. So what does that mean for your rude Amazon reviews? 5 Or better yet, don’t send them at all—unless you truly intend them to be constructive. A．Unfortunately, we hate being criticized. B．Send them to the author directly, if you dare. C．We all have to give criticism from time to time. D．Once you do it, you can start to see criticism for what it is. E．We may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism itself. F．It leads to lower self-worth, lower positive mood and less confidence. G．A way to master the skill is to form new habits of getting and giving criticism. 【答案】1．G 2．F 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要强调了如何正确处理和运用批评，帮助读者克服接受批评时常见的负面情绪和反应，从而更好地改进自己的表现和促进自我成长。 1．根据上文的“Being able to accept criticism and use it wisely is not just an important life skill; it’ll also make you happier. (能够接受批评并明智地使用它不仅仅是一项重要的生活技能；它也会让你更快乐。)”和下文的“Here are several rules for doing just that.(这里有一些规则可以帮助你做到这一点。)”可知，G项(掌握这项技能的一个方法是养成接受批评和给予批评的新习惯。)承接上文，指出了如何掌握“能够接受批评并明智地使用它”这项技能，下文引出后文的具体做法。故选G项。 2．根据上文的“When we receive criticism, we tend to consider it a judgment on our abilities rather than on our performance. (当我们受到批评时，我们倾向于认为这是对我们能力的评判，而不是对我们表现的评判。)”和下文的“The solution is to set up an internal belief such as: “It’s not a personal attack on me. I’ll think about it on its face about the matter at hand.”(解决办法是建立一种内在信念，比如：“这不是对我的人身攻击。我要认真考虑一下手头的事情。”)”可知，F项(它会降低自我价值感，降低积极情绪，降低自信。)承接上文，说明了我们的常规想法是错误的，会带来危害，下文指出如何解决这个问题。故选F项。 3．根据上文的“Depersonalizing criticism is a helpful approach that moves the focus from emotion to analysis. (去个人化的批评是一种很有帮助的方法，可以将焦点从情感转移到分析。)”和下文的“It’s a rare glimpse into what outsiders think about your performance, and thus a potential opportunity to correct course and improve.(这是一个难得的机会，让你了解外人对你的表现的看法，因此，这是一个潜在的机会，可以纠正错误，提高自己。)”可知，D项(一旦你这样做了，你就会开始看到批评的本质。)承接上文，说明了去个人化的批评能够使你看清批评的本质，下文评价这是一个好机会可以提升自己。故选D项。 4．根据下文的“For some—bosses, for example—doing so is part of the job. The key to criticizing to best effect is to remember the gift/weapon rule: If I am criticizing to help, I am doing it right; if I am doing it to harm,I am doing it wrong.(对某些人来说，比如老板，这样做是工作的一部分。批评的关键在于记住“礼物/武器”规则：如果我批评是为了帮助别人，那我就做对了；如果我这样做是为了伤害别人，那我就是做错了。)”可知，批评是要讲究原则的，C项(我们都不得不时不时地提出批评。)说明了我们有时会批评他人，就要遵守下文提出的原则。故选C项。 5．根据上文的“A study showed that positive feedback given to students in public was 9 percent more inspiring than when given privately, while negative feedback in private was 11 percent more inspiring than in public. So what does that mean for your rude Amazon reviews? (一项研究表明，在公共场合给予学生的积极反馈比在私下给予的激励效果高出9%，而在私下给予的消极反馈比在公共场合给予的激励效果高出11%。那么，这对你那些粗鲁的亚马逊评论意味着什么呢？)”和下文的“Or better yet, don’t send them at all—unless you truly intend them to be constructive.(或者更好的做法是，根本就不要发送这些邮件——除非你真的想让它们具有建设性。)”可知，B项(如果你敢的话，直接发给作者。)承接上文，说明了要小心谨慎地做出消极的评论，下文指出了另外的选择，or表明上下文为不同的选择。故选B项。 主题07 人与社会——媒体影响与消费主义 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·福建福清·期末） How many advertisements have you seen in your life? 1 Advertisements are a great way to make people aware of products, issues, and more. But has advertising become a problem for society? If let me rate the current online advertising risks, I would probably give 2 points. 2 Advertising makes us associate happiness with consumerism (消费主义). After they’ve achieved to ruin our self-esteem (自尊), advertisements are trying to fool us into thinking that only products and services can make us feel better. 3 What is it? You guessed right: Shopping. Once they achieve to make you feel ugly, they sell you beauty products so you can improve on your ugliness. Once they manage to make you believe that you are not important, they sell you expensive clothes so you can attract the attention of others. And so on and so forth. 4 We have an economic system in which people have to make money in order to survive — and this can be clearly seen in the advertising industry. By showing you what the ideal life is supposed to be, and then making you compare your ordinary life to it, they slowly lead you to believe that you’re not beautiful, intelligent, confident, and so on, until they fully convince you that you are basically not good. The reason? To make you feel insecure so that they can then emotionally control you. In short, advertisements promise you happiness, provided that you spend money in return. The result? 5 A．Advertising pushes us to make money. B．Advertising makes us feel that we’re not good enough. C．So what exactly are the main problems of advertising on society? D．The average person sees between 280 and 310 advertisements per day. E．Without shopping, advertisements tell you that you can’t find happiness. F．In other words, advertisements create a problem and then offer us a solution to it. G．Consuming stuff you don’t even need and leading to waste that is pollution our planet. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．F 4．B 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了广告所带来的问题。 1．根据上文“How many advertisements have you seen in your life?(你一生中看过多少广告？)”可知，本句主要回答上文关于看过多少广告的问题。故D选项“平均每个人每天看到280到310个广告”符合语境，故选D。 2．根据上文“If let me rate the current online advertising risks, I would probably give 2 points.(如果让我给当前的网络广告风险打分，我可能会给2分)”可知，上文提到了给广告风险打分，结合后文主要分析了广告带来的问题。故C选项“那么广告给社会带来的主要问题到底是什么？”符合语境，引起下文，故选C。 3．根据上文“Advertising makes us associate happiness with consumerism (消费主义). After they’ve achieved to ruin our self-esteem (自尊), advertisements are trying to fool us into thinking that only products and services can make us feel better.(广告使我们把幸福和消费主义联系在一起。广告在摧毁了我们的自尊之后，又试图愚弄我们，让我们认为只有产品和服务才能让我们感觉更好)”可知，本句承接上文，进一步解释广告是如何愚弄我们的。故F选项“换句话说，广告制造了一个问题，然后给我们提供了一个解决方案”符合语境，故选F。 4．根据后文“We have an economic system in which people have to make money in order to survive—and this can be clearly seen in the advertising industry. By showing you what the ideal life is supposed to be, and then making you compare your ordinary life to it, they slowly lead you to believe that you’re not beautiful, intelligent, confident, and so on, until they fully convince you that you are basically not good. The reason? To make you feel insecure so that they can then emotionally control you.(在我们的经济体系中，人们必须赚钱才能生存——这在广告业中可以清楚地看到。通过向你展示理想的生活应该是什么样子，然后让你把你的普通生活与之比较，他们慢慢地让你相信你不漂亮，不聪明，不自信，等等，直到他们完全说服你，你基本上不好。原因？让你感到不安全，这样他们就能在情感上控制你)”可知，后文提到了广告让你相信你不漂亮，不聪明，不自信，即告诉你不够好，好控制你的情感。故B选项“广告让我们觉得自己不够好”符合语境，故选B。 5．根据上文“In short, advertisements promise you happiness, provided that you spend money in return. The result?(简而言之，广告承诺给你幸福，只要你花钱作为回报。结果呢？)”可知，本句主要说明广告带来的结果，广告的最终目的是促使人们消费。故G选项“消费你根本不需要的东西，导致浪费，污染我们的星球”符合语境，故选G。 主题08 人与社会—— 社会实践与职业发展 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福建福州晋安·期末） How Can Volunteering Help You Get a Good Job? Sometimes, by giving just a little, you can get a lot back in return. This couldn’t ring more true for volunteering. Here are just some of the things volunteering can do for your employ ability. 1 Employers like to see evidence of practical work experience on your CV (简历) — it tells them that you have the soft skills needed to work as part of a team and are able to handle responsibility. So, if the “work experience” section of your CV is: looking a little bare, volunteering is a great way to flesh it out. Even if the role isn’t super relevant to the job you want after university, so long as there are transferable (可迁移的) skills, it will be valuable for your CV. Introduce you to new people If you are volunteering in the sector you want to eventually work in, it will be a great way for you to network with people who have already broken into the field. 2 . They’d also make great references to refer future employers to. Help you develop valuable skills 3 , but getting hands-on experience is key to really being able to transition into employment smoothly. Lectures and seminars can’t really teach you personal skills like leadership, time management, how to best communicate with colleagues or how to act in a professional manner, which are all valuable to employers. 4 Boost your confidence You’ll experience so many personal benefits from helping the community or lending a hand for a worthwhile project. 5 . All of this-as well as the practical experience itself-will boost your confidence, meaning you can approach job applications and interviews with renewed courage and belief in yourself. A．Improve your CV B．Update your interview skills C．Volunteering is a great way to push you ahead D．University prepares you for work academically E．Volunteering can help you develop all of these and plenty more F．It can help give you a fresh sense of purpose and make you feel valued G．Use the opportunity to pick their brains, get insider advice and find out job opportunities 【答案】1．A 2．G 3．D 4．E 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了志愿活动对就业有好处的几个方面。 1．此处缺少小标题。根据下文中的“Employers like to see evidence of practical work experience on your CV(简历) — it tells them that you have the soft skills needed to work as part of a team and are able to handle responsibility. So, if the “work experience” section of your CV is: looking a little bare, volunteering is a great way to flesh it out.(雇主喜欢在你的简历上看到实际工作经验的证据。这告诉他们，你具备作为团队成员工作所需的软技能，能够承担责任。所以，如果你简历中的“工作经验”部分是：看起来有点裸露，志愿服务是充实它的好方法。)”可知，本段主要叙述了志愿者的经历能够帮助你丰富简历，故A项“改善你的简历”适合作本段小标题。故选A。 2．根据空前“If you are volunteering in the sector you want to eventually work in, it will be a great way for you to network with people who have already broken into the field.(如果你在你想最终工作的行业做志愿者，这将是你与已经进入该领域的人建立联系的好方法。)”及空后“They’d also make great references to refer future employers to.(他们也会为未来的雇主提供很好的参考。)”可知，空处应讲述这些已经进入该领域的人对你能够提供的帮助，G项“利用这个机会向他们讨教，听取内部人士的建议，并了解工作机会”符合题意。故选G。 3．根据空后“but getting hands-on experience is key to really being able to transition into employment smoothly(但获得实践经验是真正能够顺利过渡到就业岗位的关键)”可知，空后强调了实践经验的重要性，前后之间是转折关系，再结合下句“Lectures and seminars can’t really teach you personal skills like leadership, time management, how to best communicate with colleagues or how to act in a professional manner, which are all valuable to employers.(讲座和研讨会并不能真正教会你个人技能，比如领导力、时间管理、如何最好地与同事沟通或如何以专业的方式行事，这些对雇主来说都很有价值。)”可知，空处讲述的内容应与学校学习有关，D项“大学为你的学业做好了准备”符合题意。故选D。 4．根据本段小标题“Help you develop valuable skills(帮助你发展有价值的技能)”及空前“Lectures and seminars can’t really teach you personal skills like leadership, time management, how to best communicate with colleagues or how to act in a professional manner, which are all valuable to employers.(讲座和研讨会并不能真正教会你个人技能，比如领导力、时间管理、如何最好地与同事沟通或如何以专业的方式行事，这些对雇主来说都很有价值。)”可知，空处应讲述志愿活动可以帮助获得讲座和研讨会不能做到的东西，E项“志愿活动可以帮助你发展所有这些甚至其他更多的技能”符合题意，all of these指代上文中的“personal skills like leadership, time management, how to best communicate with colleagues or how to act in a professional manner”。故选E。 5．根据空前“You’ll experience so many personal benefits from helping the community or lending a hand for a worthwhile project.(你会从帮助社区或帮助一个有价值的项目中获得很多个人利益。)”及空后“All of this-as well as the practical experience itself-will boost your confidence, meaning you can approach job applications and interviews with renewed courage and belief in yourself.(所有这些以及实践经验本身都会增强你的信心，这意味着你可以以新的勇气和对自己的信念来处理求职和面试。)”可知，空处应讲述志愿活动给你带来的心理上的好处，F项“它能给你一种全新的使命感，让你觉得自己被重视了”符合题意。故选F。 主题09人与社会——家庭教育与子女培养 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·福建福州联盟校·期末） When my three-year-old cousin didn’t get his way and hit his mother in anger, there were immediate consequences (后果): his father calmly and firmly made it clear that this behaviour was unacceptable, and he had to apologise. Then, he lost the honor of playing with his Christmas toys for the rest of the day. 1 His parents knew that this consequence would have an impact and was something they could carry out straight away. The most important goal of discipline (管教) is teaching children and teenagers self-management and responsible decision-making. It is not about control but instead using positive discipline. When children know what will happen, they can make choices. Parents benefit, too, from having a plan of how they will respond to specific behaviour rather than reacting in anger. 2 Have a conversation to work through what happened in a particular situation, asking the young person how they made the decision and what the impact of their choices was. Teenagers are often unwilling to talk to parents, facing their parent’s disappointment and requests for explanations. 3 The goal of this difficult conversation is to help the teenagers understand the impact of their behaviour. Taking responsibility and repairing harm by making changes is a powerful consequence that teaches young people about the impacts of their behaviour on others. If an older child has hurt a friend’s feelings, coaching them in talking it through and apologising. 4 5 And they can finally make wise choices and solve conflicts without force. A．Sometimes, a discussion is needed. B．This was a painful experience for the little boy! C．It can be useless to focus on fixing the problem. D．Therefore, it is very important that parents stay calm. E．Typically, consequences can be thought of in three categories. F．Those who were harmed feel heard, and relationships are repaired. G．Overall, positive discipline aims to help children become responsible, independent, and kind. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．F 5．G 【导语】本文是关于家庭教育和管教的说明文。文章通过一个具体的例子，讨论了如何通过正面管教来教育孩子，使他们学会自我管理和负责任的决策。 根据上文“His father calmly and firmly made it clear that this behaviour was unacceptable, and he had to apologise. Then, he lost the honor of playing with his Christmas toys for the rest of the day.(他的父亲平静而坚定 地表明这种行为是不可接受的，并且他必须道歉。然后，他失去了在当天剩下的时间里玩圣诞玩具的荣誉)”可知，孩子因为打了母亲，被父亲批评且剥夺了玩玩具的权利，这对一个孩子来说是很严重的后果。因此，选择B项“This was a painful experience for the little boy!(这对小男孩来说是一次痛苦的经历！)”直接描述了小男孩错误行为导致的严重的后果，故选B项。 2．根据下文“Have a conversation to work through what happened in a particular situation, asking the young person how they made the decision and what the impact of their choices was.(进行一次对话，以解决特定情况下发生的事情，询问年轻人他们是如何做出决定以及他们的选择产生了什么影响。)”可知，这里需要一个陈述来引出下一步的行动或建议，该空内容且和对话相关，因此，选择A项“Sometimes, a discussion is needed.(有时，需要进行讨论。)”与上文一致，指出有时需要进行讨论。故选A项。 3．根据上文“Teenagers are often unwilling to talk to parents, facing their parent’s disappointment and requests for explanations. (面对父母的失望和要求解释，青少年往往不愿意与父母交谈。)”可知，这里需要一个陈述来说明青少年通常不愿意与父母交谈的情况，因为父母很可能会发脾气，所以在这样的谈话中，父母一定要保持冷静，因此，选择D项“Therefore, it is very important that parents stay calm.(因此，父母保持冷静是非常重要的。)”与上文一致，强调了父母保持冷静的重要性。故选D项。 4．根据上文“If an older child has hurt a friend’s feelings, coaching them in talking it through and apologising. (如果一个年长的孩子伤害了朋友的感情，指导他们通过交谈和道歉来解决问题。)”可知，这里需要一个陈述来说明如果一个年长的孩子伤害了朋友的感情，应该如何指导他们通过交谈和道歉来解决问题。因此，选择F项“Those who were harmed feel heard, and relationships are repaired.(那些受到伤害的人会感到被倾听，关系也会得到修复。)”与上文一致，强调了通过沟通和道歉修复关系的重要性。故选F项。 5．根据下文“And they can finally make wise choices and solve conflicts without force. (他们最终能够做出明智的选择，无需使用武力解决冲突。)”可知，这里需要一个总结性的陈述来强调正面管教的最终目标。因此，选择G项“Overall, positive discipline aims to help children become responsible, independent, and kind.(总的来说，积极的管教旨在帮助孩子变得负责任、独立和善良。)”与上文一致，概括了正面管教的总体目标。故选G项。 主题10 人与社会——教育制度与社会发展 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·福州福州鼓山中学·期末） Why was school created? 1 Especially on test days, many students wonder exactly why they’re being subjected to such terrible and unusual punishment! If you’re honest with yourself, though, you know what a great place school is. 2 . Sure, tests can be stressful, but think of how boring life would be if you didn’t get to learn new things and see other people so often! Schools are not a new invention. You may have seen some old one-room schoolhouses that have been around for several hundred years or more. 3 . In fact, education dates back to the very first humans ever to live on Earth. Why? To survive, every generation has found it necessary to pass on its knowledge, skills, values, and traditions to the next generation. How can they do this? Education! Each subsequent generation (后代) must be taught these things. 4 They educated young people within the family unit. Over time, however, populations grew and societies formed. Rather than every family being responsible for education, people soon found out that it would be easier and more efficient to have a small group of adults teach a larger group of children. 5 . A．In this way, the idea of school was born. B．The earliest schools, though, date back thousands of years. C．At that time, schools focused on reading, writing, and maths. D．Ancient schools weren’t like the schools we know today, though. E．We’re sure that’s a question that every student asks from time to time. F．The earliest human beings didn’t need schools to pass along information. G．You have fun, learn all kinds of interesting things, and get to spend time with your friends. 【答案】1．E 2．G 3．B 4．F 5．A 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了学校的好处和学校产生的历史。 【详解】1．根据前文“Why was school created?(为什么要创建学校?)”以及后文“Especially on test days, many students wonder exactly why they’re being subjected to such terrible and unusual punishment!(特别是在考试的日子里，许多学生都想知道为什么他们会受到如此可怕和不寻常的惩罚!)”可知，此处通过从学生的角度谈论 创建学校的理由，E项“We’re sure that’s a question that every student asks from time to time.(我们确信这是每个学生都会时不时问的问题)”承接上文，学生问的问题就是前文的问题，并引出下文。故选E项。 2．根据前文“If you’re honest with yourself, though, you know what a great place school is.(如果你对自己诚实的话，你就会知道学校是一个多么好的地方)”可知，此处讲述学校是个好地方，G项“You have fun, learn all kinds of interesting things, and get to spend time with your friends.(你玩得很开心，学习各种有趣的东西，并与你的朋友们共度时光)”符合此处主题，说明学校提高的益处，承接上文。故选G项。 3．根据前文“Schools are not a new invention. You may have seen some old one-room schoolhouses that have been around for several hundred years or more.(学校并不是一项新发明。你可能见过一些已经存在了几百年甚至更久的单间校舍)”可知，此处讲述学校的历史，B项“The earliest schools, though, date back thousands of years.(然而，最早的学校可以追溯到几千年前)”符合本段主题。故选B项。 4．根据后文“They educated young people within the family unit. Over time, however, populations grew and societies formed.(他们以家庭为单位教育年轻人。然而，随着时间的推移，人口增长，社会形成)”可知，此处讲述早期的教育，F项“The earliest human beings didn’t need schools to pass along information.(最早的人类不需要学校来传递信息)”引出下文，符合语境。故选F项。 5．根据前文“Rather than every family being responsible for education, people soon found out that it would be easier and more efficient to have a small group of adults teach a larger group of children.(人们很快发现，让一小群成年人教育一大群孩子，会更容易、更有效，而不是每个家庭都负责教育)”可知，本段主要讲述学校诞生的原因，A项“In this way, the idea of school was born.(就这样，学校的概念诞生了)”是对前文的总结，符合文意。故选A项。 主题01 人与自我——学习策略与自我提升 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福建泉州·期末） Many senior high students share the same goal: improving their English language skills. 1 Here’s a step-by-step approach (方法) that works for everyone. Know about your purpose. Start by figuring out why you want to improve your English skills. For struggling ones, it’s important to master classroom dialogues to pass exams and build confidence. For top students, English fluency develops academic excellence and prepares them for cross-cultural communication. 2 Involve yourself in real-life practice. For struggling students this could mean practicing role-playing simple conversations with classmates. 3 . In spite of your current level, view these exercises as stepping stones to build confidence for broader English use. Seek opportunities to apply your skills in real-world settings where English is used. 4 Take advantage of language-learning apps, online courses, and English-speaking communities to build daily habits. Spend 10 minutes memorizing vocabulary with a learning app after breakfast. Take a 10-minute online grammar course after lunch. Watch short English videos for 10 minutes after dinner to practice listening. Whatever you choose to do, the key is to keep the habits you’ve formed. Celebrate small wins. Language learning takes time, so celebrate your progress! Treat yourself to a chocolate after remembering 10 new words, or share your achievements when you finish daily practice. 5 Each improvement, whether it’s mastering a grammar rule or reaching your desired score, is a step toward success. A．Fall into daily habits. B．Improve online learning skills. C．This builds confidence and keeps you going. D．Follow these key steps to improve your reading skills. E．Having a strong “why” keeps you going when challenges appear. F．While learning English can be challenging, the right approach helps. G．For top students, it could involve class debates or presentations in English. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．G 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些针对高中生提高英语语言能力的循序渐进的方法，包括明确 学习目的、参与真实场景练习、养成每日学习习惯以及庆祝小进步。 1．根据上文“Many senior high students share the same goal: improving their English language skills. (许多高中生都有一个共同目标：提升英语语言能力)”以及下文“Here’s a step-by-step approach (方法) that works for everyone. (以下是一个对每个人都适用的循序渐进的方法)”可知，上文指出了高中生提高英语语言技能的目标，下文是具体方法，F选项“While learning English can be challenging, the right approach helps. (虽然学习英语可能具有挑战性，但正确的方法会起到作用)”承上启下，“While learning English can be challenging”承认学习英语的难度，“the right approach helps”自然引出下文的具体方法，与“a step-by-step approach”相呼应，逻辑连贯。故选F项。 2．根据上文“Start by figuring out why you want to improve your English skills. For struggling ones, it’s important to master classroom dialogues to pass exams and build confidence. For top students, English fluency develops academic excellence and prepares them for cross-cultural communication. (首先要弄清楚你为什么想要提高自己的英语技能。对于学习有困难的人来说，掌握课堂对话对通过考试和建立信心很重要。对于优等生而言，流利的英语能助力学业精进，并为跨文化交流做好准备)”可知，上文强调了弄清楚提高英语技能的原因的重要性，E选项“Having a strong “why” keeps you going when challenges appear. (当遇到挑战时，一个明确的“动机”会让你坚持下去)”承接上文“明确学习目的”的话题。“a strong “why””指代上文的“why you want to improve your English skills”，点明明确动机的重要性，即帮助学习者克服困难、坚持学习，符合该段落的核心主旨。故选E项。 3．根据上文“For struggling students this could mean practicing role-playing simple conversations with classmates. (对于基础薄弱的学生来说，这可能意味着和同学练习简单对话的角色扮演)”可知，上文针对基础差的学生给出了建议，G选项“For top students, it could involve class debates or presentations in English. (对于成绩优异的学生来说，这可能包括参与课堂辩论或用英语做展示)”通过句式对仗形成对比。“For top students”与上文“For struggling students”对应，“class debates or presentations in English”是适合高水平学生的真实场景练习，丰富了“involve yourself in real-life practice”的具体内容，逻辑通顺。故选G项。 4．根据设空位置和下文“Take advantage of language-learning apps, online courses, and English-speaking communities to build daily habits. Spend 10 minutes memorizing vocabulary with a learning app after breakfast. Take a 10-minute online grammar course after lunch. Watch short English videos for 10 minutes after dinner to practice listening. Whatever you choose to do, the key is to keep the habits you’ve formed. (利用语言学习应用程序、在线课程和英语社区来培养日常习惯。早餐后用学习应用花10分钟记忆词汇，午餐后参加10分钟的在线语法课程，晚餐后看10分钟的英语短视频来练习听力。无论你选择做什么，关键是要保持你已经养成 的习惯)”可知，该段主要讲的是要养成日常习惯来学习英语，A选项“Fall into daily habits. (养成日常习惯)”概括了本段核心内容。“daily habits”与下文的“build daily habits”“keep the habits”直接呼应，可作为段落小标题统领全段，引出具体的习惯养成方法。故选A项。 5．根据上文“Language learning takes time, so celebrate your progress! Treat yourself to a chocolate after remembering 10 new words, or share your achievements when you finish daily practice. (语言学习需要时间，所以要庆祝自己的进步！记住10个新单词后奖励自己一块巧克力，或者完成每日练习后分享自己的成就)”可知，上文强调了要庆祝进步，C选项“This builds confidence and keeps you going. (这会增强你的信心，让你继续前进)”解释了“庆祝进步”的作用。“This”指代上文“celebrate your progress”的行为，“builds confidence and keeps you going”点明该做法的积极效果，与段落主题“Celebrate small wins”相契合。故选C项。 主题02 人与自我——个人规划与成功品质 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福建漳州·期末） You can’t go from intern (实习生) to CEO overnight, but these tips will point you to success city. Focus on 24 The 24 hours you are currently living in determine your level of success. You have the ability right now to make choices to drive your goals. That opportunity does not exist in yesterday or in tomorrow. Today is the only time to make progress and take necessary steps to achieve what you desire. 1 . Create a power list 2 . List out the three to five things that need to get done that day to help move your day along. Completing that power list is how you identify the day as a win. The idea is that those three to five things are the 20 percent that matters and the 80 percent left is basically busy work or simply won’t move the needle like the other 20 percent will. Never stop being curious Curiosity is what drove all great inventions. If the Wright brothers weren’t curious about what it would feel like to escape gravity, would we have planes? Well, maybe yes — but not as soon. 3 . “Never stop being curious about people, ideas and new innovations (创新),” said Grant Schreiber, founding editor at Real Leaders. 4 Reading is the easiest way to stay informed and have thoughtful conversations that help you succeed. Anything from news, a romance novel, an academic article, or even your child’s English essay will let you in on a secret you didn’t know before. Reading even on topics unrelated to your business can inspire fresh ideas for the company you run. Don’t multitask (多任务) Successful people are having a single-minded focus. Every time we try to do two or more things at once, we’re simply dividing up our focus and weakening all the outcomes in the process. Put your personal signature on one task and don’t move on to the next task until the first one is done. It’s a very simple strategy but it works. Multitasking is like an octopus (章鱼) on roller skates: 5 . A．Read widely B．Read regularly C．All efforts work toward a common goal D．Lots of moving parts but going nowhere E．Start by asking yourself what you can do now F．It’s similar to a to-do list, but it is more focused G．This desire for learning drives societies out of old traditions 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．G 4．A 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了从实习生迈向成功的建议：关注当下、列重要任务清单、保持好奇心、广泛阅读、不做多项任务。 根据上文“The 24 hours you are currently living in determine your level of success. You have the ability right now to make choices to drive your goals. That opportunity does not exist in yesterday or in tomorrow. Today is the only time to make progress and take necessary steps to achieve what you desire.(你当下所经历的这24小时将决定你的成功程度。此刻你有能力做出选择，以推动你的目标实现。这样的机会不在过去，也不在未来，只有今天才是进步和采取必要措施以达成你所期望之事的唯一时机)”可知，本段强调“当下24小时”的重要性，指出今天是取得进步的唯一时间，即强调从现在开始行动，故E选项“从问问自己现在能做什么开始”承接上文，符合语境，故选E。 2．根据标题“Create a power list (创造动力清单)”以及后文“List out the three to five things that need to get done that day to help move your day along.(列出当天需要完成的三到五件事情，这些事情有助于推动你的一天顺利进行)”可知，本段介绍的建议是“动力清单”，F项提到“类似待办清单，但更聚焦”既解释了清单的性质，又引出后文“列出3到5件关键事”，故F选项“这与待办事项清单类似，但更具针对性”符合语境，故选F。 3．根据上文“Curiosity is what drove all great inventions. If the Wright brothers weren’t curious about what it would feel like to escape gravity, would we have planes? Well, maybe yes — but not as soon.(好奇心是推动所有伟大发明的动力。如果莱特兄弟当初没有对摆脱重力的感觉感到好奇，我们会有飞机吗？或许会有——但不会这么快出现)”可知，本段主题是“保持好奇心”，前文以莱特兄弟为例说明好奇心的推动作用，G选项“对知识的渴望促使社会摆脱旧的传统”中This desire for learning是保持好奇心的具体体现，承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 4．根据本段内容“Reading is the easiest way to stay informed and have thoughtful conversations that help you succeed. Anything from news, a romance novel, an academic article, or even your child’s English essay will let you in on a secret you didn’t know before. Reading even on topics unrelated to your business can inspire fresh ideas for the company you run.(阅读是保持信息更新、开展富有深度的交流从而助你取得成功的最简单方式。无论是新闻、爱情小说、学术文章，还是你孩子的英语作文，都能让你了解到之前未曾知晓的奥秘。即便是关于与你的业务无关的主题的阅读，也能为你所经营的公司带来新的灵感)”可知，本段围绕“阅读” 展开，强调广泛阅读（新闻、小说、学术文章等）的好处，故A选项“广泛阅读”总领本段内容，适合作为段落标题句，故选A。 5．根据上文“Multitasking is like an octopus (章鱼) on roller skates: (多任务处理就像一只穿着溜冰鞋的章鱼)”可知，前文将多任务处理比作“穿溜冰鞋的章鱼”，本句承接上文，说明多任务的低效，故D选项“多个部分在动却无处可去”符合语境，故选D。 主题03 人与自我——运动健身与技能培养 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福建三明·期末） Ice skating is a popular winter activity, which provides great exercise and fun for all ages. Here’s how to get started. Choose your skates The two main types of ice skates are figure skates and hockey skates, which have slightly different blades (刀片) at the bottom. 1 . Most rinks (溜冰场) offer skate rentals for a small fee, or you may borrow from someone. For regular skaters, consider buying new or secondhand skates after turning to an adult, as proper fit helps safety and enjoyment. Put Safety Equipment first Experts recommend wearing a helmet — ski or bike helmets work well. Elbow and knee pads protect against injuries, while gloves keep your hands warm. 2 . That way, you can easily take off your clothing as you heat up from skating. 3 A sense of balance is important in ice-skating. First, get comfortable being on the ice. Most rinks are surrounded by a railing (栏杆) that you can hold onto while you’re learning. While holding the railing, push one foot forward about six inches. 4 . Repeat these simple movements to build confidence on the ice. Once you feel ready, step away from the railing. Learn to Slide and Stop Next, practice sliding on skates. Push off with one foot to gain speed, then slide forward with both feet on the ice. To stop, point your toes inward and slightly angle the blades of your skates down into the ice. Don’t be discouraged if you fall. It’s a normal part of the learning process. 5 . A．Find your balance B．Just pick yourself up and try again C．Learn sliding movements step by step D．It’s smart to dress in clothes easy to remove E．Wear bright-colored clothes to stay noticeable on the ice F．Then do the same with the other, smoothly moving your body G．Either type serves different purposes but is suitable for beginners 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了开始滑冰的方法，包括选择冰鞋、优先配备安全装备、寻找平衡 以及学习滑行和停止的技巧。 1．由上文“The two main types of ice skates are figure skates and hockey skates, which have slightly different blades (刀片) at the bottom.(两种主要的冰鞋是花样滑冰鞋和冰球鞋，它们的底部刀片略有不同)”可知，上文介绍了两种冰鞋，下文应该接着说明这两种冰鞋的情况。G选项“Either type serves different purposes but is suitable for beginners (两种类型都有不同的用途，但都适合初学者)”符合语境，承接上文，说明两种冰鞋用途的具体情况。故选G。 2．由下文“That way, you can easily take off your clothing as you heat up from skating. (这样，当你滑冰变热时，你可以很容易地脱掉衣服)”可知，这里提到了方便脱掉衣服，那么上文应该是说穿容易脱的衣服。D选项“It’s smart to dress in clothes easy to remove(穿容易脱的衣服是明智的)”中clothes easy to remove是关键词，符合语境，引出下文。故选D。 3．由下文“A sense of balance is important in ice-skating. First, get comfortable being on the ice. (在滑冰中，平衡感很重要。首先，要适应在冰上的感觉)”可知，本段主要讲在滑冰中要找到平衡感。A选项“Find your balance(找到你的平衡)”符合语境，作为本段小标题，概括本段内容。故选A。 4．由上文“While holding the railing, push one foot forward about six inches. (扶着栏杆时，将一只脚向前推约六英寸)”及下文“Repeat these simple movements to build confidence on the ice. (重复这些简单的动作来建立你在冰上的信心)”可知，上文说了一只脚的动作，下文说重复这些动作，那么这里应该是说另一只脚的动作。F选项“Then do the same with the other, smoothly moving your body(然后用另一只脚做同样的动作，平稳地移动你的身体)”介绍另一只脚的动作，符合语境，承接上文，引出下文。故选F。 5．由上文“Don’t be discouraged if you fall. It’s a normal part of the learning process.(如果你摔倒了，不要气馁。这是学习过程中正常的一部分)”可知，这里说摔倒不要气馁，那么下文应该是鼓励继续尝试。B选项“Just pick yourself up and try again(只要振作起来再试一次)”符合语境，承接上文。故选B。 主题04 人与自我——健康生活方式 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福建宁德·期末） When you go to the gym, you usually bring three things: a water bottle, sports shoes, and headphones. In fact, many people feel they can’t exercise without music. Surprisingly, 68% of regular exercisers say they would cancel a workout if they forgot their headphones. 1 Scientists have studied this and found that music can really help you exercise longer. A study in 2022 showed that people who listened to upbeat music during their workouts exercised 15% longer than those who didn’t listen to music. 2 So, if you want to exercise longer, try listening to upbeat music! 3 Fast-paced music, like songs with 120 to 140 beats per minute, works best for high-intensity (高强度的) training. It helps you move faster without feeling too tired. This is because your brain and body work together better with the right music. Music also helps you feel less pain when you exercise. 4 This is called “auditory masking.” It helps you stay focused on your workout goals. If you listen to music you like, it can make you feel even better and more determined. Music is not just for fun. 5 Surveys show that 78% of people feel more satisfied with their workouts when they listen to music. So, the next time you exercise, don’t forget your headphones. The right playlist might be the best workout partner you have! A．The speed of the music is very important. B．Music also helps you feel more determined. C．It can also help you enjoy your workout more. D．This shows how important music is for exercise. E．Fast music lowers the intensity of your workouts. F．Music listening focuses the brain on sound rather than pain G．This is because music rhythm matches body movements and keeps you going. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．A 4．F 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨音乐对运动效果的多重积极作用，包括延长锻炼时间、匹配运动节奏、减轻疼痛感以及提升运动满意度等。 1．前文提到“Surprisingly, 68% of regular exercisers say they would cancel a workout if they forgot their headphones. (令人惊讶的是，68%的规律锻炼者说，他们会因忘记耳机取消训练。)”指出68%的规律锻炼者会因忘记耳机取消训练，这说明音乐对锻炼者来说很重要，由此可知，此处需总结音乐对运动的重要性。D项“这表明音乐对锻炼多么重要。”能承上启下，故选D。    2．前文指出“A study in 2022 showed that people who listened to upbeat music during their workouts exercised 15% longer than those who didn’t listen to music. (2022年的一项研究显示，在锻炼时听欢快音乐的人比不听音乐的人多锻炼了15%的时间。)”指出研究表明在锻炼时听欢快的音乐能让你持续运动，由此可知，空处承接上文，指出音乐延长运动时间的原因。G项“因为音乐节奏与身体动作同步，让你持续运动。”符合科学解释，故选G。   3．后文具体说明“Fast-paced music, like songs with 120 to 140 beats per minute, works best for high-intensity (高强度的) training. (快节奏的音乐，比如每分钟120到140拍的音乐，最适合高强度训练。)”指出快节奏音乐最适合高强度训练，这说明节奏很重要。A项“音乐的速度非常重要。”能作为段落主旨句，与后文构成总分关系，故选A。   4．前文提到“Music also helps you feel less pain when you exercise. (在你锻炼时音乐也能帮助你感到没有那么痛苦。)”指出音乐减轻运动疼痛，后文“This is called “auditory masking. (这就叫作“听觉遮蔽。”)”解释这种现象叫“听觉遮蔽”，由此可知，此处需补充疼痛减轻的机制。F项“听音乐使大脑聚焦声音而非疼痛。”直接对应听觉遮蔽原理，故选F。   5．后文“Surveys show that 78% of people feel more satisfied with their workouts when they listen to music. So, the next time you exercise, don’t forget your headphones. The right playlist might be the best workout partner you have! (调查显示，78%的人在锻炼时听音乐感觉更满意。所以，下次你锻炼时，不要忘了带上耳机。正确的播放列表可能是最好的锻炼伙伴！)”用78%的人因音乐对锻炼更满意的数据作证，由此可知，空处需要引起下文，即需要总结音乐的非娱乐性功能。C项“它还能让你更享受锻炼。”与后文满意度调查形成因果链，故选C。   主题05 人与自我——人生观与价值观 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福建龙岩·期末） Purpose is something giving life meaning and contributing positively. 1 It also inspires us to influence others and find satisfaction. Either way, purpose gives life direction or happiness. 2 Some always know — wanting to be a doctor or dancer. Others spend time finding it. Then once they do, duties or fear will stop them from going after it wholeheartedly. We often think purpose is one set thing. However, it can be found in small or large ways. 3 For example, helping a neighbor brings as much purpose as being an artist. Purpose is personal, depending on what we value. Purpose can also change over time. Graduating college might have been a purpose, but now it’s working to provide for a family. 4 Yet for others, purpose remains — like Michael Jordan’s goal to play basketball. Mother Teresa selflessly served the poor. Mark Twain wrote. In the end, it is important to find out what aim or goal brings you a sense of purpose because you can gain both mental and physical benefits. 5 We hope it can be helpful for you! Key benefits: ● Stronger motivation in daily life ● Better stress management skills ● Improved life satisfaction ratings Practical ways: ● Reflect on activities that bring you joy ● Identify problems you care deeply about ● Observe when you feel most energized A．But how many know their purpose? B．What gives you a sense of purpose in life? C．We’ve summarized these benefits and tips. D．The following explores the tips of finding purposes. E．It can be as simple as daily acts or as big as a career. F．Thus, purpose may change as our life situations develop. G．Purpose guides choices, strengthens belief, and gives life direction. 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．E 4．F 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了目标对于生活的重要性以及好处。 根据上文“Purpose is something giving life meaning and contributing positively.(目的就是赋予生活意义并带来积极影响的东西)”可知，本句承接上文，说明目标对生活的作用。故G选项“目标引导着选择，强化信念，并为生活指明方向”符合语境，故选G。 2．根据后文“Some always know — wanting to be a doctor or dancer. Others spend time finding it. Then once they do, duties or fear will stop them from going after it wholeheartedly.(有些人天生就知道自己想要成为医生或舞者。而另一些人则需要花费时间去寻找自己的梦想。但一旦他们找到了目标，各种责任或恐惧又会阻碍他们全身心地去追求梦想)”可知，本段主要说明了关于目标的清晰度会影响实现梦想，故A选项“但又有多少人清楚自己的目标呢？”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据上文“We often think purpose is one set thing. However, it can be found in small or large ways.(我们通常认为目标是固定不变的。但实际上，它可以以小到微不足道的方式，也可以以大到影响全局的方式体现出来)”可知，本句主要具体说明目标的灵活性。故E选项“它可以是日常行为的简单体现，也可以是职业这样的大事”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据上文“Purpose can also change over time. Graduating college might have been a purpose, but now it’s working to provide for a family.(人生目标也会随着时间而发生变化。大学毕业原本可能就是一个人的目标，但现在则变成了努力工作以养家糊口)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出目标会随着生活发生改变。故F选项“因此，目标可能会随着我们生活状况的变化而改变”符合语境，故选F。 5．根据上文“In the end, it is important to find out what aim or goal brings you a sense of purpose because you can gain both mental and physical benefits.(最终，重要的是要找出能给你带来目标感的具体目标是什么，因为这样做能让你在精神和身体上都获得益处)”以及后文列举了益处，可知，C选项these benefits对应上文benefits。故C选项“我们已经总结了这些益处和建议”符合语境，故选C。 主题06 人与自我——个性发展与社交魅力 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福州第一中学·期末） How to Be More Interesting No one is boring and no one needs to be perfect. But maybe you feel that you are boring and need to be more interesting. 1 If you are looking to be more interesting, then you’ve come to the right place. Loosen up and be natural. One reason why many people fail to become interesting people is that they worry too much over the small things and don’t come across as natural. Their effort backfires (产生反作用) on them, because they are just trying too hard. 2 Live a life one day at a time. Be positive and optimistic. Interesting people are happy people. This is one of the reasons why we find them so interesting; whether we admit it or not, we want to know how and why happy people are so happy. 3 Build an open personality. Be available to the world and look for excitement and instead of waiting for it to find you. Celebrate flexibility and a “just go with it” attitude. Oftentimes people aren’t interesting because they are reserved. 4 Of course, to some extent, this is true, but you can also take this too far. By holding back too much, you’re limiting your potential and in the process of becoming less interesting. The more reserved you get, the more static (停滞的) your life will be. 5 Being interesting means doing things you’ve never done before and being willing to share those experiences with other people. People who are boring and dull normally possess a very small comfort zone. So try to constantly expand your comfort zone and dare yourself to try new things; this is the quickest path to becoming more interesting. A．Try to stay relaxed and flexible. B．Expand your comfort zone. C．Being an interesting person is something that can be learned and practiced. D．Being interesting also involves high intelligence. E．Many people feel they need to hold back to protect themselves. F．Moreover, no one really wants to be around a negative, unhappy person. G．Let yourself laugh heartily. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．F 4．E 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何变得更有趣，包括放松自然、保持积极乐观、培养开放性格、拓展舒适区等方法，强调有趣的人是快乐且愿意分享经历的人。 根据上文“Loosen up and be natural. But maybe you feel that you are boring and need to be more interesting.(但也许你会觉得自己很无聊，需要变得更有趣)”及下文“If you are looking to be more interesting, then you’ve come to the right place.(如果你想变得更有趣，那么你来对地方了)”可知，上文表示你可能认为自己需要变得更有趣，下文表示想要变得有趣，你读这篇文章就对了，这里就要告诉你如何做。空上应该表示，想要变得有趣是有方法的，是可以学会的。由此可知，C. Being an interesting person is something that can be learned and practiced.(成为一个有趣的人是可以通过学习和实践来实现的)符合语境。故选C项。 2．根据小标题上文“One reason why many people fail to become interesting people is that they worry too much over the small things and don’t come across as natural. Their effort backfires (产生反作用) on them, because they are just trying too hard.(放松并保持自然。许多人无法成为有趣的人，原因之一是他们过于担心小事，无法表现得自然)”可知， 本段主要介绍的方法是要放轻松，不要过多地担心一些小事。由此可知，A. Try to stay relaxed and flexible.(试着保持放松和灵活)符合语境，呼应段首主题句。故选A项。 3．根据上文“Be positive and optimistic. Interesting people are happy people. This is one of the reasons why we find them so interesting; whether we admit it or not, we want to know how and why happy people are so happy.(保持积极乐观。有趣的人是快乐的人。这是我们觉得他们有趣的原因之一；无论我们是否承认，我们都想知道快乐的人为何如此快乐)”可知，本段表示乐观快乐的人被人认为很有趣，人们喜欢和这样乐观有趣的人在一起。由此可知，F. Moreover, no one really wants to be around a negative, unhappy person.(此外，没有人真正愿意和一个消极、不快乐的人在一起)符合语境，与上一句话题一致。故选F项。 4．根据上文“Oftentimes people aren’t interesting because they are reserved.(很多时候，人们之所以不有趣，是因为他们过于内向)”可知，此处在讲，有些人让人觉得无趣是因为他们性格保守。由此可知，E. Many people feel they need to hold back to protect themselves.(许多人觉得他们需要克制自己以保护自己)承接上文话题，其中hold back与reserved在意思上是呼应的。故选E项。 5．本空为段首句，应概述下文内容。根据下文“Being interesting means doing things you’ve never done before and being willing to share those experiences with other people. People who are boring and dull normally possess a very small comfort zone. So try to constantly expand your comfort zone and dare yourself to try new things; this is the quickest path to becoming more interesting.(变得有趣意味着去做你从未做过的事情，并愿意与他人分享这些经历。无聊乏味的人通常拥有一个非常小的舒适区。因此，尝试不断拓展你的舒适区，挑战自己去尝试新事物；这是变得有趣最快的方法)”可知，本段主要讲无趣的人自己的舒适区特别小，作者建议拓展舒适区。由此可知，B. Expand your comfort zone.(拓展你的舒适区)符合语境。故选B项。 主题07 人与自我——学习策略与认知科学 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·福建泉州·期末） When it comes to learning a new language, adults are at a disadvantage. However, a recent study found that some language learners who started as adults scored as well as native speakers. 1 Trying the following methods may help you speed up the learning progress. ◆Do spaced repetition. 2 You might revise a new word a few times in one practice, and then again the next day. Once you know it well you’ll be able to leave days or weeks between revisions without forgetting it. ◆Study content, not the language. According to a study, when the students learn another subject taught in English instead of a class only to teach English, they tested better listening and are more willing to learn. Students in the standard English class scored better on reading and writing tests. Thus, once you’ve mastered the basics of a new language, try having conversations with friends learning the same language. 3 ◆Practice a little every day. If you’re busy, you might put off your studying. Yet you might cram (塞入) in a big chunk of learning once every week or two. 4 Your brain’s “inbox” has limited space. Therefore, the best use of the brain is to study in small chunks each day. ◆ 5 The brain prefers freshness but gives way to too many new ideas at once. New ideas work best when they’re mixed in with familiar information. When you add new words to your vocabulary, try integrating them with in-between words you’re already familiar with. So they’ll stand out — your brain will hold on to them more easily. A．Mix new and old. B．Enlarge vocabulary. C．In spaced repetition, you learn regularly. D．You can also read articles online or listen to a program. E．However, studying a little daily is actually more effective. F．It shows that if you are willing to learn, it’s not necessarily too late. G．Spaced repetition could help strengthen your conversation abilities. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．D 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文体裁为说明文。文章主要通过提出建议的方式，说明了成年人如何更有效地学习新语言，内 容务实且具有指导性，旨在帮助读者了解和采纳科学的语言学习方法。 1．由上文“When it comes to learning a new language, adults are at a disadvantage. However, a recent study found that some language learners who started as adults scored as well as native speakers. (在学习一门新语言时，成年人处于不利地位。然而，最近的一项研究发现，一些成年后开始学习语言的人的得分和母语人士一样高。)”可知，研究发现一些成年开始学习语言的人也能达到与母语者相近的水平，这表明成人学习新语言并不一定处于绝对劣势。因此，此空应衔接这一积极的信息，表达意愿和努力的重要性。选项F“It shows that if you are willing to learn, it’s not necessarily too late. (这表明，如果你愿意学习，不一定就太晚了)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 2．此段落标题为“Do spaced repetition. (进行间隔重复)”可知，接下来的内容会解释什么是间隔重复以及其作用。选项C“In spaced repetition, you learn regularly. (在间隔重复中，你会定期学习)”正好概括了间隔重复的核心概念，即定期复习，符合段落主题，故选C。 3．由上文“According to a study, when the students learn another subject taught in English instead of a class only to teach English, they tested better listening and are more willing to learn. Students in the standard English class scored better on reading and writing tests. Thus, once you’ve mastered the basics of a new language, try having conversations with friends learning the same language. (根据一项研究，当学生学习另一门用英语教授的课程而不是只教英语的课程时，他们的听力测试更好，更愿意学习。标准英语班的学生在阅读和写作测试中得分更高。因此，一旦你掌握了一门新语言的基本知识，试着和学这门语言的朋友交谈。)”可知，上文建议在掌握基础后，可以尝试与学习相同语言的朋友进行对话，本空应继续提及具体建议。选项D“You can also read articles online or listen to a program. (你也可以在线阅读文章或听节目)”为新增的学习方式，符合学习内容而非仅限语言本身的建议，能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。 4．由上文“If you’re busy, you might put off your studying. Yet you might cram (塞入) in a big chunk of learning once every week or two. (如果你很忙，你可能会推迟学习。然而，你可能会每一两个星期死记硬背一次。)”可知，此空上文提到可能因为忙碌而每周或每隔两周才集中学习一次，接下来应该对比说明每日少量学习的效果。选项E“However, studying a little daily is actually more effective. (然而，实际上每天学习一点点更有效)”符合对比转折的语境，符合题意。故选E。 5．由下文“The brain prefers freshness but gives way to too many new ideas at once. New ideas work best when they’re mixed in with familiar information. When you add new words to your vocabulary, try integrating them with in-between words you’re already familiar with. So they’ll stand out - your brain will hold on to them more easily. (大脑喜欢新鲜的东西，但同时也会让位于太多的新想法。当新想法与熟悉的信息混合在一起时，效果最好。 当你在词汇表中增加新单词时，试着把它们与你已经熟悉的单词结合起来。所以它们会很突出——你的大脑会更容易记住它们。)”可知，本空需要选择一个概括下文信息的短语。下文内容涉及新旧信息结合的学习方法，选项A“Mix new and old. (混合新旧内容)”准确概括了这一策略，符合题意。故选A。 主题08 人与自我——心理健康与情绪管理 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·福建三明·期末） Nowadays, many people tend to use comparisons as a force to beat themselves up.   1 They are targets of whole billion-dollar industries whose success is dependent upon women being unhappy with themselves in some way, such as the beauty industry and the fashion industry. In fact, negative comparisons are impacting mental and physical health. Here are some expert tips to stop them and refocus your energy on positive things. Find your model 2 However, you can choose who you're comparing yourself to. Cultivate a tight group of friends and family, people who you admire and trust and who you know want you to be the best version of yourself. Go offline “Go touch grass” is a popular internet saying for “It's time for a digital removal.” But the joking comment makes a good point. The outside world is a physical reminder that there are so many things more important than our waistlines, clothing or bank account. 3 Take exercise regularly and keep a healthy diet. It turns out that all those things that are good for your heart are also good for your head. Plus, taking care of your body is a loving act of kindness and will help you appreciate your body more. Learn self-compassion (自我关怀) Self-compassion isn’t something that just happens. 4 It is decided by how we choose to talk to ourselves. Self-compassion is the act of relating to yourself in an understanding and caring way. In the same way you would treat your closest friend if they were struggling similarly. Meanwhile, please remember not all comparisons are a bad idea. 5 For example, positive, healthy comparison can be a useful way to find inspiration and set goals. Comparing past versions of yourself to your current state may also shed light on the ways in which you've grown or remind you of meaningful things you may have lost sight of. A．Improve your healthy habits. B．This is especially true for women. C．It's built up and torn down every day. D．They are not good for your improvement. E．Remember that comparison is human nature. F．Healthy competition is a great force to improve. G．Perhaps some comparisons can damage your health. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．C 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文，消极的比较、攀比会影响心理和身体健康，文章介绍了一些停止消极比较的建议，以把精力重新集中在积极的事情上。 1．上文“Nowadays, many people tend to use comparisons as a force to beat themselves up.(如今，许多人倾向于用比较作为一种力量来打败自己)”提到许多人倾向于用比较作为一种力量来打败自己，结合下文“They are targets of whole billion-dollar industries whose success is dependent upon women being unhappy with themselves in some way, such as the beauty industry and the fashion industry.(她们是数十亿美元产业的目标，这些产业的成功取决于女性在某种程度上对自己不满意，比如美容业和时尚业)”提到某些特定人群，故空处应是引出这类人，表明下文“They”的指代内容，B项“这对女性来说尤其如此”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据本段小标题“Find your model(找到你的比较对象)”以及下文“However, you can choose who you're comparing yourself to.(然而，你可以选择和谁比较)”可知，本段是关于比较，E项“记住，比较是人类的天性”符合语境，与下文构成转折关系，故选E。 3．根据本段中“Take exercise regularly and keep a healthy diet.(经常锻炼，保持健康的饮食)”可知，本段主要讲述关于健康的习惯，A项“改进你的健康习惯”符合语境，故选A。 4．上文“Self-compassion isn’t something that just happens.(自我关怀不是自然而然发生的事情)”提到自我关怀不是自然而然发生的事情，空处应是接着说它是如何建立的，C项“它每天都在建立和拆除”符合语境，故选 C。 5．上文“Meanwhile, please remember not all comparisons are a bad idea.(同时，请记住并不是所有的比较都是坏主意)”提到并不是所有的比较都是坏主意，下文“For example, positive, healthy comparison can be a useful way to find inspiration and set goals.(例如，积极、健康的比较是找到灵感和设定目标的有效方法)”举例说明了某些比较的好处，F项“良性竞争是推动进步的强大力量”符合语境，故选F。 2 / 36 1 / 36 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解（七选五） 主题01 人与社会——社会交往与沟通艺术 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福建厦门·期末） Interruptions are terrible in communication — but not all come from the same place. “It’s possible that someone’s cutting in because they have a difficult time focusing without speaking,” says Jefferson Fisher, an author of The Next Conversation: Argue Less, Talk More. In that case? Let them get their words out. 1 Other times, your conversation partner will cut in on purpose. “What they’ re saying is, ‘What I have to say is more important than what you have to say,’” Fisher points out. What should you do about it? 2 . Just keep talking. The first time someone cuts in, continue speaking as though you haven’t been interrupted. “It might sound rude to continue what you’re saying, but it establishes power,” says Jamila Musayeva, an etiquette expert. 3 Don’t raise your voice or start to mumble (小声嘀咕). “You’re not showing them that you’re being caused by it, and you’re not giving them the attention they’re looking for,” she says. That may be all it takes to ensure they allow you to speak. 4 If the person interrupting you continues to do so, it’s time to take action. Address him by name: “Names get people’s attention,” Fisher says. Plus, when using the phrasing he suggests, you actually mean “It’s not me saying anything about you. It’s me saying it about me: ‘I can’t hear you.’” That, he’s found, usually puts an end to the interruptions. “May I finish?” People often make the mistake of apologizing when they’re the ones being interrupted: 5 Avoid that — you didn’t do anything wrong, says Elise Powers, who runs a global communications training firm. Instead, she suggests asking if you can finish what you were saying. “Do it in a confident way, where almost no one is going to say ‘No, you may not finish,’” she says. A．“Sorry, can I continue?” B．They don’t mean any harm. C．The key is maintaining the same tone. D．“John, I’ll turn it over to you when I finish.” E．“Bob, I can’t hear you when you interrupt me.” F．You’ll finish your thought, and then they can share theirs. G．We asked experts exactly what to say when someone interrupts you. 主题02 人与社会——家庭关系与社会责任 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福建莆田·期末） While most elderly parents prefer to age in their own homes, safety and health concerns don’t always make this possible. As a second choice to a nursing home, many of them move in to live with their adult children. 1 Let’s take a look at a few tips to help you open your heart and home to your senior parents. Patience You and your children may be excited about the idea of having your elderly parents move in, but that doesn’t mean that they will share your excitement. Moving out of their comfortable home can be very upsetting. 2 Space Before you bring an elderly parent into your home, you need to consider if you have enough space for them. 3 This means that you should give them their own bedroom. It’s important to give your parents a space where they can have some privacy. Responsibility and Purpose Your senior parents used to be in charge of their own home and are likely to feel like a burden as they begin to settle in your home. One effective way is to give them a household responsibility. 4 Quality time Moving your elderly parents into your home will undoubtedly have its challenges. However, you are being given the opportunity to spend valuable quality time with your parents and share them with the rest of the family. 5 Follow these tips to help make the adjustment easier for the whole family. A．These moments can become precious memories. B．Your parents would like to have a place they can call their own. C．However, everyone will have an adjustment period if it happens. D．Regular medical check-ups are essential for maintaining their health. E．Seniors often bring valuable life experiences when moving in with family. F．Asking them to cook a meal or sweep the floors can make them feel needed. G．It’s important to remain as patient as possible and give them the space to adjust. 主题03 人与社会——语言学习与文化传播 Passage 1 （24-245高一下·福建福州联盟校·期末） Learning a new language is more than a skill. It gives you an opportunity to understand other cultures. 1 . Choose a language This is a personal decision. 2 If you enjoy studying Japanese history and culture, you may want to add Japanese to the list. Perhaps you’re planning to vacation in Brazil and decide to learn Portuguese before the trip. Maybe you live in an area with many Spanish speakers and believe being bilingual (双语的) will increase your job opportunities. 3 This is important because you need to know which words to use to express yourself and understand what you hear and see. According to the International Center for Language Studies, knowing between 4,000 and 10,000 words in a language typically makes you an advanced speaker. Accept mistakes Mistakes are a common part of the process when learning a language. You may choose the wrong word, change vowel sounds, or use the present tense form of a verb when talking about something that happened last week. When you make a mistake, pay attention to the advice you get. 4 . Set aside time to practice 5 . According to the US Department of State’s Foreign Service Institute, a native English speaker typically needs between 600 and 750 class hours to learn languages like Dutch, French, Italian, and Spanish. You’ll spend around 900 class hours learning German, Haitian Creole, and Swahili. Sometimes you need to learn languages with fewer features in common with English. Then you’d better put in at least 1,100 class hours. A．Build your vocabulary B．Keep trying before setting a goal C．Focus on the 100 most commonly used words D．Try out these steps for how to learn a new language E．Learning a new language takes time and needs regular practice F．Your interests, needs, and goals can help you narrow your choices G．For example, the person you’re talking to may correct your grammar or vocabulary choice 主题04 人与社会——艺术与语言的关系 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·福州闽清第二中学·期末） Language is part of our daily lives, no matter where we live in the world. Similarly, music is a part of many people’s lives. 1 Here are some of their similarities. Both language and music have a writing system 2 Similarly, we use notes to keep a record of music. Just as you are reading this collection of letters on the paper and find meaning in it, musicians read notes and create meaning in the form of music which we can hear. By reading pieces of text or music, we are able to share experiences through time. For example, we can read the ideas or hear the composition of someone who lived hundreds of years ago, which is really quite exciting. 3 You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language they use. In the same way, we know that styles of music are different around the world, which gives us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation. Both share emotion How do you know that I am angry? Of course, you may be able to see it in my face, but you will know for sure through my words. 4 Music can show you exactly how the composer was or is feeling, and allows us to share that emotion. When you feel happy, you might want to sing and dance to a happy song. 5 A．Both vary with culture. B．Different culture makes different music. C．Similarly, music can sound angry, sad or happy. D．Both language and music play a huge role in our lives. E．We use music to express emotions, combining it with language in form of lyrics (歌词). F．In contrast, you have probably also listened to sad music when you feel down. G．In English we record language using the alphabet, which is a collection of letters. 主题05 人与社会——教育理念与科技产品 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福州第三中学·期末） Many parents are looking for ways to help their kids learn at home. Toys advertised as teaching STEM might seem like one way to achieve this goal. 1 The answer is yes. Toys can indeed teach science, technology, engineering and math concepts — but don’t focus on advertising or fancy labels to find the best bets. There’s no minimum educational requirement that toys must reach to label themselves a “STEM toy”, so almost everything on the market is untested. 2 Some proven winners? Tinkertoys, board games, decks of cards and building blocks. 3 In preschool, for example, the construction of complex block buildings is associated with an improvement in math learning. Blocks, puzzles and shape toys boost spatial skills. Spatial skills, in turn, are associated with later math learning, suggesting that the early exploration of shapes acts as a springboard for more complex math concepts. There are five characteristics that make for a good educational toy: active, engaging, meaningful, encouraging social play and fun. Good play has these characteristics built in. Toys that allow children to build and create also have the advantage of being renewable. 4 It means that kids don’t become bored with them easily. Though adults certainly don’t have to participate in the building of every block tower, some grown-up guidance can help boost kids’ learning from play. One useful tool adults can use while playing with their children is “math talk”. This kind of talk encourages kids to think more deeply about math. 5 Parents can play guessing games with their kids like “Which is the most?” or play simple scorekeeping games like drop-the-clothespins-in-the-jar. A．But do they really work? B．Are the advertisements misleading? C．They’re different every time children return to them. D．Parents get involved by having math talks with kids. E．Conveniently, math talk doesn’t require any toy purchases at all. F．Instead, look for toys that encourage open-ended, active play and problem-solving. G．Research shows creative, open-ended play is how young children learn STEM concepts. 主题06 人与社会——人际交往与反馈机制 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·福建厦门·期末） Being able to accept criticism (批评) and use it wisely is not just an important life skill; it’ll also make you happier. 1 Here are several rules for doing just that. It’s not personal. When we receive criticism, we tend to consider it a judgment on our abilities rather than on our performance. 2 The solution is to set up an internal belief such as: “It’s not a personal attack on me. I’ll think about it on its face about the matter at hand.” Treat criticism like helpful information. Depersonalizing (去个人化) criticism is a helpful approach that moves the focus from emotion to analysis. 3 It’s a rare glimpse into what outsiders think about your performance, and thus a potential opportunity to correct course and improve. Make criticism a gift, never a weapon. 4 For some—bosses, for example—doing so is part of the job. The key to criticizing to best effect is to remember the gift/weapon rule: If I am criticizing to help, I am doing it right; if I am doing it to harm,I am doing it wrong. Praise in public, criticize in private. A study showed that positive feedback given to students in public was 9 percent more inspiring than when given privately, while negative feedback in private was 11 percent more inspiring than in public. So what does that mean for your rude Amazon reviews? 5 Or better yet, don’t send them at all—unless you truly intend them to be constructive. A．Unfortunately, we hate being criticized. B．Send them to the author directly, if you dare. C．We all have to give criticism from time to time. D．Once you do it, you can start to see criticism for what it is. E．We may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism itself. F．It leads to lower self-worth, lower positive mood and less confidence. G．A way to master the skill is to form new habits of getting and giving criticism. 主题07 人与社会——媒体影响与消费主义 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·福建福清·期末） How many advertisements have you seen in your life? 1 Advertisements are a great way to make people aware of products, issues, and more. But has advertising become a problem for society? If let me rate the current online advertising risks, I would probably give 2 points. 2 Advertising makes us associate happiness with consumerism (消费主义). After they’ve achieved to ruin our self-esteem (自尊), advertisements are trying to fool us into thinking that only products and services can make us feel better. 3 What is it? You guessed right: Shopping. Once they achieve to make you feel ugly, they sell you beauty products so you can improve on your ugliness. Once they manage to make you believe that you are not important, they sell you expensive clothes so you can attract the attention of others. And so on and so forth. 4 We have an economic system in which people have to make money in order to survive — and this can be clearly seen in the advertising industry. By showing you what the ideal life is supposed to be, and then making you compare your ordinary life to it, they slowly lead you to believe that you’re not beautiful, intelligent, confident, and so on, until they fully convince you that you are basically not good. The reason? To make you feel insecure so that they can then emotionally control you. In short, advertisements promise you happiness, provided that you spend money in return. The result? 5 A．Advertising pushes us to make money. B．Advertising makes us feel that we’re not good enough. C．So what exactly are the main problems of advertising on society? D．The average person sees between 280 and 310 advertisements per day. E．Without shopping, advertisements tell you that you can’t find happiness. F．In other words, advertisements create a problem and then offer us a solution to it. G．Consuming stuff you don’t even need and leading to waste that is pollution our planet. 主题08 人与社会—— 社会实践与职业发展 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福建福州晋安·期末） How Can Volunteering Help You Get a Good Job? Sometimes, by giving just a little, you can get a lot back in return. This couldn’t ring more true for volunteering. Here are just some of the things volunteering can do for your employ ability. 1 Employers like to see evidence of practical work experience on your CV (简历) — it tells them that you have the soft skills needed to work as part of a team and are able to handle responsibility. So, if the “work experience” section of your CV is: looking a little bare, volunteering is a great way to flesh it out. Even if the role isn’t super relevant to the job you want after university, so long as there are transferable (可迁移的) skills, it will be valuable for your CV. Introduce you to new people If you are volunteering in the sector you want to eventually work in, it will be a great way for you to network with people who have already broken into the field. 2 . They’d also make great references to refer future employers to. Help you develop valuable skills 3 , but getting hands-on experience is key to really being able to transition into employment smoothly. Lectures and seminars can’t really teach you personal skills like leadership, time management, how to best communicate with colleagues or how to act in a professional manner, which are all valuable to employers. 4 Boost your confidence You’ll experience so many personal benefits from helping the community or lending a hand for a worthwhile project. 5 . All of this-as well as the practical experience itself-will boost your confidence, meaning you can approach job applications and interviews with renewed courage and belief in yourself. A．Improve your CV B．Update your interview skills C．Volunteering is a great way to push you ahead D．University prepares you for work academically E．Volunteering can help you develop all of these and plenty more F．It can help give you a fresh sense of purpose and make you feel valued G．Use the opportunity to pick their brains, get insider advice and find out job opportunities 主题09人与社会——家庭教育与子女培养 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·福建福州联盟校·期末） When my three-year-old cousin didn’t get his way and hit his mother in anger, there were immediate consequences (后果): his father calmly and firmly made it clear that this behaviour was unacceptable, and he had to apologise. Then, he lost the honor of playing with his Christmas toys for the rest of the day. 1 His parents knew that this consequence would have an impact and was something they could carry out straight away. The most important goal of discipline (管教) is teaching children and teenagers self-management and responsible decision-making. It is not about control but instead using positive discipline. When children know what will happen, they can make choices. Parents benefit, too, from having a plan of how they will respond to specific behaviour rather than reacting in anger. 2 Have a conversation to work through what happened in a particular situation, asking the young person how they made the decision and what the impact of their choices was. Teenagers are often unwilling to talk to parents, facing their parent’s disappointment and requests for explanations. 3 The goal of this difficult conversation is to help the teenagers understand the impact of their behaviour. Taking responsibility and repairing harm by making changes is a powerful consequence that teaches young people about the impacts of their behaviour on others. If an older child has hurt a friend’s feelings, coaching them in talking it through and apologising. 4 5 And they can finally make wise choices and solve conflicts without force. A．Sometimes, a discussion is needed. B．This was a painful experience for the little boy! C．It can be useless to focus on fixing the problem. D．Therefore, it is very important that parents stay calm. E．Typically, consequences can be thought of in three categories. F．Those who were harmed feel heard, and relationships are repaired. G．Overall, positive discipline aims to help children become responsible, independent, and kind. 主题10 人与社会——教育制度与社会发展 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·福州福州鼓山中学·期末） Why was school created? 1 Especially on test days, many students wonder exactly why they’re being subjected to such terrible and unusual punishment! If you’re honest with yourself, though, you know what a great place school is. 2 . Sure, tests can be stressful, but think of how boring life would be if you didn’t get to learn new things and see other people so often! Schools are not a new invention. You may have seen some old one-room schoolhouses that have been around for several hundred years or more. 3 . In fact, education dates back to the very first humans ever to live on Earth. Why? To survive, every generation has found it necessary to pass on its knowledge, skills, values, and traditions to the next generation. How can they do this? Education! Each subsequent generation (后代) must be taught these things. 4 They educated young people within the family unit. Over time, however, populations grew and societies formed. Rather than every family being responsible for education, people soon found out that it would be easier and more efficient to have a small group of adults teach a larger group of children. 5 . A．In this way, the idea of school was born. B．The earliest schools, though, date back thousands of years. C．At that time, schools focused on reading, writing, and maths. D．Ancient schools weren’t like the schools we know today, though. E．We’re sure that’s a question that every student asks from time to time. F．The earliest human beings didn’t need schools to pass along information. G．You have fun, learn all kinds of interesting things, and get to spend time with your friends. 主题01 人与自我——学习策略与自我提升 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福建泉州·期末） Many senior high students share the same goal: improving their English language skills. 1 Here’s a step-by-step approach (方法) that works for everyone. Know about your purpose. Start by figuring out why you want to improve your English skills. For struggling ones, it’s important to master classroom dialogues to pass exams and build confidence. For top students, English fluency develops academic excellence and prepares them for cross-cultural communication. 2 Involve yourself in real-life practice. For struggling students this could mean practicing role-playing simple conversations with classmates. 3 . In spite of your current level, view these exercises as stepping stones to build confidence for broader English use. Seek opportunities to apply your skills in real-world settings where English is used. 4 Take advantage of language-learning apps, online courses, and English-speaking communities to build daily habits. Spend 10 minutes memorizing vocabulary with a learning app after breakfast. Take a 10-minute online grammar course after lunch. Watch short English videos for 10 minutes after dinner to practice listening. Whatever you choose to do, the key is to keep the habits you’ve formed. Celebrate small wins. Language learning takes time, so celebrate your progress! Treat yourself to a chocolate after remembering 10 new words, or share your achievements when you finish daily practice. 5 Each improvement, whether it’s mastering a grammar rule or reaching your desired score, is a step toward success. A．Fall into daily habits. B．Improve online learning skills. C．This builds confidence and keeps you going. D．Follow these key steps to improve your reading skills. E．Having a strong “why” keeps you going when challenges appear. F．While learning English can be challenging, the right approach helps. G．For top students, it could involve class debates or presentations in English. 主题02 人与自我——个人规划与成功品质 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福建漳州·期末） You can’t go from intern (实习生) to CEO overnight, but these tips will point you to success city. Focus on 24 The 24 hours you are currently living in determine your level of success. You have the ability right now to make choices to drive your goals. That opportunity does not exist in yesterday or in tomorrow. Today is the only time to make progress and take necessary steps to achieve what you desire. 1 . Create a power list 2 . List out the three to five things that need to get done that day to help move your day along. Completing that power list is how you identify the day as a win. The idea is that those three to five things are the 20 percent that matters and the 80 percent left is basically busy work or simply won’t move the needle like the other 20 percent will. Never stop being curious Curiosity is what drove all great inventions. If the Wright brothers weren’t curious about what it would feel like to escape gravity, would we have planes? Well, maybe yes — but not as soon. 3 . “Never stop being curious about people, ideas and new innovations (创新),” said Grant Schreiber, founding editor at Real Leaders. 4 Reading is the easiest way to stay informed and have thoughtful conversations that help you succeed. Anything from news, a romance novel, an academic article, or even your child’s English essay will let you in on a secret you didn’t know before. Reading even on topics unrelated to your business can inspire fresh ideas for the company you run. Don’t multitask (多任务) Successful people are having a single-minded focus. Every time we try to do two or more things at once, we’re simply dividing up our focus and weakening all the outcomes in the process. Put your personal signature on one task and don’t move on to the next task until the first one is done. It’s a very simple strategy but it works. Multitasking is like an octopus (章鱼) on roller skates: 5 . A．Read widely B．Read regularly C．All efforts work toward a common goal D．Lots of moving parts but going nowhere E．Start by asking yourself what you can do now F．It’s similar to a to-do list, but it is more focused G．This desire for learning drives societies out of old traditions 主题03 人与自我——运动健身与技能培养 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福建三明·期末） Ice skating is a popular winter activity, which provides great exercise and fun for all ages. Here’s how to get started. Choose your skates The two main types of ice skates are figure skates and hockey skates, which have slightly different blades (刀片) at the bottom. 1 . Most rinks (溜冰场) offer skate rentals for a small fee, or you may borrow from someone. For regular skaters, consider buying new or secondhand skates after turning to an adult, as proper fit helps safety and enjoyment. Put Safety Equipment first Experts recommend wearing a helmet — ski or bike helmets work well. Elbow and knee pads protect against injuries, while gloves keep your hands warm. 2 . That way, you can easily take off your clothing as you heat up from skating. 3 A sense of balance is important in ice-skating. First, get comfortable being on the ice. Most rinks are surrounded by a railing (栏杆) that you can hold onto while you’re learning. While holding the railing, push one foot forward about six inches. 4 . Repeat these simple movements to build confidence on the ice. Once you feel ready, step away from the railing. Learn to Slide and Stop Next, practice sliding on skates. Push off with one foot to gain speed, then slide forward with both feet on the ice. To stop, point your toes inward and slightly angle the blades of your skates down into the ice. Don’t be discouraged if you fall. It’s a normal part of the learning process. 5 . A．Find your balance B．Just pick yourself up and try again C．Learn sliding movements step by step D．It’s smart to dress in clothes easy to remove E．Wear bright-colored clothes to stay noticeable on the ice F．Then do the same with the other, smoothly moving your body G．Either type serves different purposes but is suitable for beginners 主题04 人与自我——健康生活方式 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福建宁德·期末） When you go to the gym, you usually bring three things: a water bottle, sports shoes, and headphones. In fact, many people feel they can’t exercise without music. Surprisingly, 68% of regular exercisers say they would cancel a workout if they forgot their headphones. 1 Scientists have studied this and found that music can really help you exercise longer. A study in 2022 showed that people who listened to upbeat music during their workouts exercised 15% longer than those who didn’t listen to music. 2 So, if you want to exercise longer, try listening to upbeat music! 3 Fast-paced music, like songs with 120 to 140 beats per minute, works best for high-intensity (高强度的) training. It helps you move faster without feeling too tired. This is because your brain and body work together better with the right music. Music also helps you feel less pain when you exercise. 4 This is called “auditory masking.” It helps you stay focused on your workout goals. If you listen to music you like, it can make you feel even better and more determined. Music is not just for fun. 5 Surveys show that 78% of people feel more satisfied with their workouts when they listen to music. So, the next time you exercise, don’t forget your headphones. The right playlist might be the best workout partner you have! A．The speed of the music is very important. B．Music also helps you feel more determined. C．It can also help you enjoy your workout more. D．This shows how important music is for exercise. E．Fast music lowers the intensity of your workouts. F．Music listening focuses the brain on sound rather than pain G．This is because music rhythm matches body movements and keeps you going. 主题05 人与自我——人生观与价值观 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福建龙岩·期末） Purpose is something giving life meaning and contributing positively. 1 It also inspires us to influence others and find satisfaction. Either way, purpose gives life direction or happiness. 2 Some always know — wanting to be a doctor or dancer. Others spend time finding it. Then once they do, duties or fear will stop them from going after it wholeheartedly. We often think purpose is one set thing. However, it can be found in small or large ways. 3 For example, helping a neighbor brings as much purpose as being an artist. Purpose is personal, depending on what we value. Purpose can also change over time. Graduating college might have been a purpose, but now it’s working to provide for a family. 4 Yet for others, purpose remains — like Michael Jordan’s goal to play basketball. Mother Teresa selflessly served the poor. Mark Twain wrote. In the end, it is important to find out what aim or goal brings you a sense of purpose because you can gain both mental and physical benefits. 5 We hope it can be helpful for you! Key benefits: ● Stronger motivation in daily life ● Better stress management skills ● Improved life satisfaction ratings Practical ways: ● Reflect on activities that bring you joy ● Identify problems you care deeply about ● Observe when you feel most energized A．But how many know their purpose? B．What gives you a sense of purpose in life? C．We’ve summarized these benefits and tips. D．The following explores the tips of finding purposes. E．It can be as simple as daily acts or as big as a career. F．Thus, purpose may change as our life situations develop. G．Purpose guides choices, strengthens belief, and gives life direction. 主题06 人与自我——个性发展与社交魅力 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·福州第一中学·期末） How to Be More Interesting No one is boring and no one needs to be perfect. But maybe you feel that you are boring and need to be more interesting. 1 If you are looking to be more interesting, then you’ve come to the right place. Loosen up and be natural. One reason why many people fail to become interesting people is that they worry too much over the small things and don’t come across as natural. Their effort backfires (产生反作用) on them, because they are just trying too hard. 2 Live a life one day at a time. Be positive and optimistic. Interesting people are happy people. This is one of the reasons why we find them so interesting; whether we admit it or not, we want to know how and why happy people are so happy. 3 Build an open personality. Be available to the world and look for excitement and instead of waiting for it to find you. Celebrate flexibility and a “just go with it” attitude. Oftentimes people aren’t interesting because they are reserved. 4 Of course, to some extent, this is true, but you can also take this too far. By holding back too much, you’re limiting your potential and in the process of becoming less interesting. The more reserved you get, the more static (停滞的) your life will be. 5 Being interesting means doing things you’ve never done before and being willing to share those experiences with other people. People who are boring and dull normally possess a very small comfort zone. So try to constantly expand your comfort zone and dare yourself to try new things; this is the quickest path to becoming more interesting. A．Try to stay relaxed and flexible. B．Expand your comfort zone. C．Being an interesting person is something that can be learned and practiced. D．Being interesting also involves high intelligence. E．Many people feel they need to hold back to protect themselves. F．Moreover, no one really wants to be around a negative, unhappy person. G．Let yourself laugh heartily. 主题07 人与自我——学习策略与认知科学 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·福建泉州·期末） When it comes to learning a new language, adults are at a disadvantage. However, a recent study found that some language learners who started as adults scored as well as native speakers. 1 Trying the following methods may help you speed up the learning progress. ◆Do spaced repetition. 2 You might revise a new word a few times in one practice, and then again the next day. Once you know it well you’ll be able to leave days or weeks between revisions without forgetting it. ◆Study content, not the language. According to a study, when the students learn another subject taught in English instead of a class only to teach English, they tested better listening and are more willing to learn. Students in the standard English class scored better on reading and writing tests. Thus, once you’ve mastered the basics of a new language, try having conversations with friends learning the same language. 3 ◆Practice a little every day. If you’re busy, you might put off your studying. Yet you might cram (塞入) in a big chunk of learning once every week or two. 4 Your brain’s “inbox” has limited space. Therefore, the best use of the brain is to study in small chunks each day. ◆ 5 The brain prefers freshness but gives way to too many new ideas at once. New ideas work best when they’re mixed in with familiar information. When you add new words to your vocabulary, try integrating them with in-between words you’re already familiar with. So they’ll stand out — your brain will hold on to them more easily. A．Mix new and old. B．Enlarge vocabulary. C．In spaced repetition, you learn regularly. D．You can also read articles online or listen to a program. E．However, studying a little daily is actually more effective. F．It shows that if you are willing to learn, it’s not necessarily too late. G．Spaced repetition could help strengthen your conversation abilities. 主题08 人与自我——心理健康与情绪管理 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·福建三明·期末） Nowadays, many people tend to use comparisons as a force to beat themselves up.   1 They are targets of whole billion-dollar industries whose success is dependent upon women being unhappy with themselves in some way, such as the beauty industry and the fashion industry. In fact, negative comparisons are impacting mental and physical health. Here are some expert tips to stop them and refocus your energy on positive things. Find your model 2 However, you can choose who you're comparing yourself to. Cultivate a tight group of friends and family, people who you admire and trust and who you know want you to be the best version of yourself. Go offline “Go touch grass” is a popular internet saying for “It's time for a digital removal.” But the joking comment makes a good point. The outside world is a physical reminder that there are so many things more important than our waistlines, clothing or bank account. 3 Take exercise regularly and keep a healthy diet. It turns out that all those things that are good for your heart are also good for your head. Plus, taking care of your body is a loving act of kindness and will help you appreciate your body more. Learn self-compassion (自我关怀) Self-compassion isn’t something that just happens. 4 It is decided by how we choose to talk to ourselves. Self-compassion is the act of relating to yourself in an understanding and caring way. In the same way you would treat your closest friend if they were struggling similarly. Meanwhile, please remember not all comparisons are a bad idea. 5 For example, positive, healthy comparison can be a useful way to find inspiration and set goals. Comparing past versions of yourself to your current state may also shed light on the ways in which you've grown or remind you of meaningful things you may have lost sight of. A．Improve your healthy habits. B．This is especially true for women. C．It's built up and torn down every day. D．They are not good for your improvement. E．Remember that comparison is human nature. F．Healthy competition is a great force to improve. G．Perhaps some comparisons can damage your health. 2 / 36 1 / 36 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解（七选五） 主题01 人与社会——社会交往与沟通艺术 Passage 1：1．F 2．G 3．C 4．E 5．A 主题02 人与社会——家庭关系与社会责任 Passage 1：1．C 2．G 3．B 4．F 5．A 主题03 人与社会——语言学习与文化传播 Passage 1：1．D 2．F 3．A 4．G 5．E 主题04 人与社会——艺术与语言的关系 Passage 1：1．D 2．G 3．A 4．C 5．F 主题05 人与社会——教育理念与科技产品 Passage 1：1．A 2．F 3．G 4．C 5．E 主题06 人与社会——人际交往与反馈机制 Passage 1：1．G 2．F 3．D 4．C 5．B 主题07 人与社会——媒体影响与消费主义 Passage 1：1．D 2．C 3．F 4．B 5．G 主题08 人与社会—— 社会实践与职业发展 Passage 1：1．A 2．G 3．D 4．E 5．F 主题09人与社会——家庭教育与子女培养 Passage 1：1．B 2．A 3．D 4．F 5．G 主题10 人与社会——教育制度与社会发展 Passage 1：1．E 2．G 3．B 4．F 5．A 主题01 人与自我——学习策略与自我提升 Passage 1：1．F 2．E 3．G 4．A 5．C 主题02 人与自我——个人规划与成功品质 Passage 1：1．E 2．F 3．G 4．A 5．D 主题03 人与自我——运动健身与技能培养 Passage 1：1．G 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．B 主题04 人与自我——健康生活方式 Passage 1：1．D 2．G 3．A 4．F 5．C 主题05 人与自我——人生观与价值观 Passage 1：1．G 2．A 3．E 4．F 5．C 主题06 人与自我——个性发展与社交魅力 Passage 1：1．C 2．A 3．F 4．E 5．B 主题07 人与自我——学习策略与认知科学 Passage 1：1．F 2．C 3．D 4．E 5．A 主题08 人与自我——心理健康与情绪管理 Passage 1：1．B 2．E 3．A 4．C 5．F 2 / 36 1 / 36 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $