专题03 阅读理解说明文（期末真题汇编，湖北专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 聚焦科技前沿与文化传承，精选湖北各地市期末真题，通过说明文阅读理解全面考查细节理解、推理判断等核心能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|75题|细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、主旨大意|以无人机配送、AI应用等科技情境，及旗袍、都江堰等文化素材设题，问题设计从基础信息到深层推理，适配初中英语期末能力要求|

专题03 阅读理解说明文 参考答案 主题01 人与社会——发明创造 Passage 1 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A Passage 2 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A Passage 3 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．B Passage 4 16．B 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．B 主题02 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 21．C 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．B Passage 2 26．B 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．D Passage 3 31．A 32．D 33．C 34．B 35．D 主题03 人与自然——自然景观与动植物 Passage 1 36．A 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．D Passage 2 41．B 42．C 43．A 44．A 45．C Passage 3 46．D 47．C 48．C 49．B 50．A Passage 4 51．A 52．B 53．D 54．B 55．C Passage 5 56．A 57．D 58．C 59．D 60．B 主题04 人与社会——沟通交流 Passage 1 61．B 62．C 63．B 64．A 65．B Passage 2 66．C 67．A 68．A 69．D 70．C Passage 3 71．C 72．C 73．B 74．D 75．B 主题01 人与社会——中共文化 Passage 1 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D Passage 2 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．D Passage 3 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．D Passage 4 16．D 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．A Passage 5 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．B 主题02 人与社会——城市与旅游 Passage 1 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．C Passage 2 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．B 35．C Passage 3 36．C 37．A 38．B 39．D 40．C Passage 4 41．C 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．D 主题03 人与社会——健康与安全 Passage 1 46．D 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．B Passage 2 51．A 52．D 53．B 54．A 55．C Passage 3 56．D 57．B 58．C 59．D 60．C Passage 4 61．D 62．B 63．A 64．C 65．D 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解说明文 主题01 人与社会——发明创造 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·湖北·期末）I’ve always disliked getting up in winter. As a child, I would pull myself out of bed, my eyes half-closed, and watch my school uniform hanging in front of the bed. These days, I set several alarms to ensure I’m woken up. Interested in technology, I often test fascinating devices (electronic tools). Most are fun, but few really change my life for a long time. Sunrise alarm pillows, however, are different. They’ve become an important part of my morning life. My best choice, the sunrise alarm pillows, have greatly done me good. I’m waking up every day, full of energy. In fact, the pillow is a combination (结合) of alarm clock and light treatment device that shines with increasing brightness when it’s time for you to wake up. The light interacts (相互作用) with our natural sleep-wake cycle, much as the sun does when it rises. As a result, we wake up biologically prepared for the day. The sunrise alarm pillow also helps develop healthier sleep habits. In our tech-driven world, waking up often means checking our phones at once. An advantage of sunrise alarm clocks is that your morning wake-up no longer needs your phone. Setting a smartphone alarm means your day begins with eyes on screen. ________. Sleep is personal, and no single device fits everyone. But for me, the sunrise alarm pillow has been a game-changer. If you are fighting with dark mornings, it’s worth a try. After all, some morning people are made, not born. 1．I like the sunrise alarm pillows because ________. A．they offer me more time to sleep B．they can change all my bad habits C．they have a good influence on me D．they surprise me with super-high tech 2．What does the underlined phrase “biologically prepared” suggest (暗示)? A．Timely set out. B．Naturally woken up. C．Quite peaceful. D．Fully fresh and clear. 3．Which of the following can be put in ________? A．And it makes my morning full of phone time. B．However, most people still love their phones more. C．So I need to buy a new phone to match the pillow. D．But with this pillow, you can have a healthier morning. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．The author used to be late for school in winter. B．Sunrise alarm pillows are widely used by people. C．Using a smartphone alarm may not be good for sleep habits. D．Sunrise alarm pillows will soon replace traditional alarm clocks. 5．What would be the best theme picture of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 2 （2025八年级下·湖北·期末）. Getting a drone to Carry Your Coffee at the Great WallA tourist took a day trip to the Badaling section of the Great Wall in Beijing. While there, she ordered a cup of iced coffee using an app on her mobile phone. To her surprise, it was carried to her by a drone (无人机) in five minutes. This is available because of the rapid development of instant delivery (快递) services through drones in China.Robot Dog Carrying Rubbish Draws Attention On Mount Tai, a rubbish-collecting robot dog has recently reminded tourists to protect the environment. The four-legged robot has excellent ability to walk on the stairs, keeping balance even on wet or difficult ground, and shows great balance while climbing the mountain. It is also able to cross objects in the way. Besides, it can carry a weight of 120 kilograms at most with a battery (电池) life of four to six hours a time.________________________________ These days, DeepSeek has become the most downloaded and free AI app on Apple App Store in the world, followed by ChatGPT from DeepSeek OpenAI. What impresses the world is that both the number of chips and the number of developers on the team are lower than those of industry leaders. This means the cost for users will be lower than that offered by other competitors. DeepSeek marks the rise of Chinese large models on the global (全球的) stage. 6．In which SECTION of the website can we read the news? A．ENVIRONMENT. B．TECHNOLOGY. C．EDUCATION. D．TRAVEL. 7．Where was the tourist when ordering the iced coffee in the first news? A．At a coffee shop. B．On the Great Wall. C．In a service center. D．In a drone. 8．What can the robot dog do in the second news? ①Protect more visitors.②Walk on the stairs.③Cross the objects.④Work over 6 hours.⑤Carry up to 120kg. A．①③④ B．②③④ C．②③⑤ D．①③⑤ 9．The best heading for the third news would be ________. A．AI Apps: Who Will Win in the End? B．Apple App Store: The Lower Cost for Users C．ChatGPT: The Most Downloaded Free App D．DeepSeek: The Rise of China’s AI Large Models 10．What does the above news focus on? A．China’s development in technology. B．China’s position in the AI field. C．The use of technology in tourism. D．Environmental protection. Passage 3 （2025八年级下·湖北武汉·期末）In a clear tank of water (水箱), fish are swimming happily. Wait a second, take a closer look at that blue one. It is actually a robot! This scene happened at an event, the World Digital Education Conference, from May 14th to 16th in Wuhan, Hubei province. Besides blue ones, there were red and yellow robotic fish, too. It is scientists at Wuhan University who have made them. At the length of about 53 centimeters, the fish were very lifelike. The joints (关节) in their heads and tails were made in a special way to let the fish move fast and easily. This is thanks to bionic engineering (仿生工程), which brings together nature and man-made things. “I love to see the bionic fish,” Professor James Crabbe from Oxford University told Jiupai News, “It could tell us much more about fish swarming and how fish behave (表现).” In fact, swarming in fish means they swim together in large groups. It helps them stay safe, find food and save energy (能量). Learning about swarming helps us understand how fish live and how changes in the environment matter to them. As for the pretty colors of the bionic fish, they come from the LED lights on their bodies, said People’s Daily. These lights can also make shadows, giving the underwater world a party feel. Even better, the bionic fish are smart. With the help of AI and sensors (传感器), they can “see” things in their way and learn to avoid them, said Changjiang Daily. The fish are already helping in the study of the Yangtze River’s water to help protect the environment. What amazing fish they are! 11．Which scene can be seen at the event in Wuhan? A． B． C． D． 12．What makes the bionic fish move fast and easily? A．Different colors. B．Special water tanks. C．Lifelike length. D．Body joints. 13．What can we know about swarming in fish? A．Swarming can keep fish free from any danger. B．Swarming makes it harder for fish to feed themselves. C．Swarming helps scientists learn about the habits of fish. D．Swarming may change the living environment of fish. 14．Which goal may be achieved with bionic fish? A．The quality of the Yangtze River’s water will be improved. B．More bridges over the Yangtze River have been built. C．Bionic fish take the place of fish in the Yangtze River. D．More ships begin to travel along the Yangtze River. 15．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Look! They’re dancing. B．Wait, that’s no fish! C．Stop! Don’t feed them. D．Hey, let’s try fishing! Passage 4 （2025八年级下·湖北武汉·期末） Solar (太阳能) Backpack Lights Up VillagesTwo engineers in Kenya invented a solar backpack. It uses sunlight to charge (充电) and can provide light for up to 12 hours. So far, 5,000 students in villages without electricity have received these backpacks. A teacher said, “Children can study in the dark with this light.” The project raised $1 million and planned to reach 20 countries by 2025. Tokyo’s New E-Waste Recycling AppA Tokyo company created a mobile app called “E-Cycle”. Users can exchange old electronics (电子设备), such as phones or computers, for coupons (优惠券). In six months, they collected 100 tons of e-waste, including 15,000 phones and 2,000 laptops. The CEO said, “We turn trash into useful materials.” Now, Seoul and Singapore are also using this method. ________A farm in California uses smart robots to grow vegetables. These robots have cameras to find pests and wild grass. The pesticide (杀虫剂) use drops by 70% and crop harvests rise a lot. The farm owner said, “They’re like 1,000 eco-friendly workers who never sleep.” Thirty farming companies have given money to this technology to fight food shortages. 16．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news? A．EDUCATION. B．ENVIRONMENT. C．AMUSEMENT. D．CULTURE. 17．What is the main use of the solar backpack? A．To keep sunlight to make light. B．To give gifts to city students. C．To win a design competition. D．To build new schools in Kenya. 18．How does the “E-Cycle” app encourage recycling? A．By fixing up old phones. B．By offering coupons for old electronics. C．By using more workers to collect trash. D．By educating people about recycling. 19．What is the best heading for the third piece of news? A．California’s Food Shortage Dangers B．Cameras on Robots Help Environment C．Robot Farmers Help Grow Vegetables D．New Challenges in Farming 20．What does the above news focus on? A．Technology competitions in modern life. B．Green solutions for real problems. C．Government decisions on weather changes. D．Development plans for a better life. 主题02 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·湖北孝感·期末）①Type (输入) “A cat wants to go to space.” and ask a robot tool to write a bedtime story. Soon, you’ll get the story of Max, a cat who is on his way to sing among the stars. This robot tool is real. It’s called ChatGPT, created by the US company OpenAI. ②ChatGPT can not only write bedtime stories, but also can talk with people and write songs, poems and even jokes. It’s one of the most powerful AI tools. ③People around the world have tried ChatGPT and shared their results online. Some use it to write history articles and some ask it to take notes (做笔记) or get advice on how to talk to others at parties. ④However, some schools in the US, Australia, and France have banned (禁止) the use of ChatGPT. Teachers worry that students might use it to cheat on homework. Others worry that ChatGPT could be used to provide improper information. ⑤“It does not teach critical-thinking (批判思维) and problem-solving skills,” said Jenna Lyle, “This causes many problems, like copying others’ writing without permission. Also, since ChatGPT learns from the Internet, it sometimes repeats (重复) unfair ideas about certain groups of people.” 21．The writer starts the passage by ________. A．comparing facts B．making a survey C．giving an example D．explaining reasons 22．Paragraph 3 is mainly about the ________ of ChatGPT. A．uses B．future C．problems D．challenges 23．Some schools in the US banned the use of ChatGPT because ________. A．teachers worry about their students’ health B．students can’t bring their phones to school C．students may use it to cheat on homework D．students use it to take notes in class 24．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1  ②=Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 25．Which part of a magazine is the passage from? A．Beauty. B．Technology. C．History. D．Nature. Passage 2 （2025八年级下·湖北·期末）You might think math and art are very different. However, they have many surprising relations. Understanding these links can help students learn better by mixing different subjects. First, let’s talk about the golden ratio (比例), a special number in math. It’s about 1.618 and appears in many artworks. For example, artists use it to create balanced and beautiful paintings. Take Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa as an example. The way Mona Lisa is placed in the picture follows the golden ratio. When you learn about this ratio in math class and then see it in art, you understand both subjects more deeply. Geometry (几何学), another area of math, is also important in art. Shapes and angles help artists draw things that look real. In Leonardo da Vinci’s drawing Vitruvian Man, circles and squares show how math can measure (测量) the human body. By studying geometry in art, students learn to notice shapes more carefully. Besides, modern buildings also use geometric shapes creatively, like the spiral (螺旋形) design of the Guggenheim Museum. * Scientists use numbers to describe different colors. The RGB color model uses numbers for red, green, and blue. Artists use this to mix the right colors for their paintings. When students learn about color models in science and apply them in art, they become more creative. They can even use simple rules to pick colors for digital art, connecting technology, math, and art. Studying math and art together not only improves their skills in both subjects but also helps them to think in new ways. Next time you draw a picture or solve a math problem, remember: math and art are like two sides of one coin. 26．According to the passage, what can the golden ratio help artists do? A．Take beautiful photos. B．Create balanced paintings. C．Choose right colors. D．Measure the human body. 27．What is the main purpose of Paragraph 3? A．To show the history of geometry. B．To introduce Leonardo da Vinci’s works. C．To explain how geometry helps in art. D．To compare different art styles. 28．Which of the following can be put in * . A．However, artists never use math in choosing colors. B．Math even plays a role in the world of colors. C．Students should learn more about colors in art class. D．Scientists and artists always work together. 29．What does the underlined word “apply” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Use. B．Change. C．Forget. D．Teach. 30．Which would be the best theme (主题) picture of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 3 （2025八年级下·湖北武汉·期末） Meet people from the past “Look in my eyes!” “Tell me why!” Have you found yourself listening to ancient people talking online these days? Creative vloggers are using an AI tool named Jimeng to bring famous people in old times, like Li Bai and Du Fu from the Tang Dynasty back to life. These videos use a more modern way to let ancient people “speak for themselves”. “The videos make me want to learn more about those important ancient people, such as Wen Zhengming and Tang Bohu. I didn’t know much about their stories before,” said Wang Jiayi, 15, from Shandong. Enjoy a driverless ride Robotaxi is a self-driving service created by Baidu, a well-known Chinese tech company. It uses advanced (先进的) technology like cameras and sensors to “see” the road. People don’t need to drive themselves. Just book a ride on your phone, and the self-driving car will pick you up and take you to the place safely. It saves time and makes traveling easier. According to the report, it can also help cut down the number of car accidents and deaths caused by careless drivers. _______________ Recently, OpenAI has introduced Sora, the latest tool in the AI space which can make vivid short videos from some keywords written by users. In education, it can help students better understand abstract (抽象的) knowledge. Sora in creative fields, like film-making and advertising, can cut costs and improve efficiency (效率). In healthcare, it provides realistic medical training scenes. However, Sora also brings problems like misinformation from deep fake videos. But overall, it offers more benefits (益处) for the development of society. 31．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news? A．SCIENCE. B．NATURE. C．SPORTS. D．CULTURE. 32．Which of the famous people may Wang Jiayi see in the fun videos?     ① Li Bai     ②Du Fu     ③Tang Bohu     ④ Wen Zhengming A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④ 33．What can we know about Robotaxi? A．It may cause more car crashes by mistake. B．The car has two eyes to see the road clearly. C．It helps to make people’s life easier and safer. D．It shows the slow development of technology. 34．What can be best heading for the third piece of news? A．Huge changes of AI B．Make a creative video C．Text-to-video programs D．Develop useful tools 35．What do the three tools in the news have in common? A．They are popular with users of all ages. B．They can cut costs and improve efficiency. C．They are all used to make videos and films. D．They benefit people in many different ways. 主题03 人与自然——自然景观与动植物 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·湖北黄石·期末）There are many lakes in China. Today, let’s learn something about lakes. Lake TaiIt is a freshwater (淡水的) lake in Jiangsu. There is a Fishing Festival every year. Fishing lovers go to Lake Tai to fish and enjoy fishing. It is really a good place for fishing. Qiandao LakeIt is a clear freshwater lake with beautiful hills and green forests around it. There are many kinds of fish in the lake. You can’t see some of them in other places in China. Yangcheng LakeIt is between Lake Tai and the Yangtze River. It is a freshwater lake and is famous for one thing, Chinese mitten crabs (大闸蟹), a kind of Chinese crabs. Jinniu LakeIt is a man-made lake in Nanjing. People made it many years ago. In summer, the wind is cool. It is a good place to go for a walk in summer. 36．If you are a fishing lover, which lake can you go to for the Fishing Festival? A．Lake Tai. B．Qiandao Lake. C．Yangcheng Lake. D．Jinniu Lake. 37．What is Yangcheng Lake famous for? A．Fish. B．Fresh water. C．Chinese mitten crabs. D．Beautiful scenery. 38．Why is Jinniu Lake different from the other lakes? A．Because there are many kinds of fish in it. B．Because it is a man-made lake. C．Because it is a good place for fishing. D．Because it is a freshwater lake. 39．Which of the following is NOT true? A．Lake Tai is a freshwater lake. B．You can see many fish in Qiandao Lake. C．Yangcheng Lake is between Lake Tai and the Yangtze River. D．Jinniu Lake is a good place to have a walk in winter. 40．In which column (栏目) can you find the passage? A．sports B．health C．culture D．nature Passage 2 （2025八年级下·湖北十堰·期末）In winter, people often like to stay inside, but it is fun to go outside and get close to nature. Here are two activities. One is called “New Year Plant Hunt”. It is from December 29 to January 1. This activity invites people to go out and report which plants are flowering in their area. The results can help experts learn about the growth of plants in different places. They also help them understand the impact (影响) of climate change. The other activity is called “12 Days Wild”. From December 25 to January 5, people can do one thing about the wild a day. These things include watching or helping wildlife. If it is snowy, you can go on a winter walk and look for animals’ footprints. If it is too cold or wet to go outside, you can do some indoor activities. For example, you can draw some pictures about wildlife or make some New Year’s resolutions to help nature. If you want to have a try at either of these winter activities, you can look for more information about “New Year Plant Hunt” and “12 Days Wild” online. Through the activities, you can not only have fun but also learn more about wildlife. Come and enjoy the natural wonders of our amazing planet. 41．How long does the activity “New Year Plant Hunt” last? A．For 3 days. B．For 4 days. C．For 10 days. D．For 12 days. 42．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A．The flowers. B．The areas. C．The results. D．The changes. 43．What can people do in the second activity? ①Look for animals’ footprints. ②Draw pictures about wildlife. ③Make New Year’s resolutions. ④Write reports about plants’ growth. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 44．How can you learn more about the two activities? A．By going online. B．By talking with experts. C．By sending an email. D．By making a phone call. 45．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Come to save our planet B．Ways to stay warm in winter C．Winter activities to enjoy nature D．Work together to fight climate change Passage 3 （2025八年级下·湖北武汉·期末） Folding When Touched    Have you ever seen a plant that seems shy? That’s Mimosa pudica. When touched, its leaves fold up fast, as if it’s feeling shy. Why does this happen? Each leaf has a special part called the “leaf pillow (叶枕)”. When you touch the leaves, the water inside this part quickly moves to other parts of the plant. With less water, it gets soft, causing the leaves to fold up. This also protects it from small animals that try to eat it. Storing Water inside Trunks     Have you ever heard of baobab trees? These trees have super-fat trunks (树干) that look like big bottles. They live in hot, dry places. So they store lots of water inside their trunks to stay alive. They are also among the longest-living plants. It’s said that they can live for thousands of years. These trees are also very useful. People can eat their sweet fruit. Also, the leaves can be used to make food or medicine. _________________     The epiphyllum, also known as the “beauty under the moon”, is truly a wonder. It only blooms (开花) at night with large beautiful white petals (花瓣). When it blooms, it gives off a sweet smell that fills the air. What makes it even more amazing is its short blooming time—it only lasts for about 3 to 4 hours. That’s why people use the saying “a flash in the pan” to describe something that’s beautiful but doesn’t last long. 46．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news? A．LIFESTYLE. B．WILDLIFE. C．WORLD． D．NATURE. 47．Why do the leaves of Mimosa pudica fold up when touched? A．Light makes its leaves fold. B．The plant is afraid of people. C．Water moves inside the plant. D．Small animals touch its leaves. 48．Baobab trees look different from other trees because ________. A．they can live for a very long time. B．their fruit gives off a nice smell. C．their trunks are like oversized bottles. D．they can store water for animals. 49．The best heading for the third piece of news would be ________. A．Growing in the Dark B．Blooming in a Flash C．Smelling Very Sweet D．Enjoying a Moment 50．What does the above news focus on? A．Amazing plants. B．New findings. C．Special flowers. D．Wild beauty. Passage 4 （2025八年级下·湖北武汉·期末）The United Nations (UN) has decided that 2025 is the year of glacier preservation (保护) . It has also set March 21, 2025 as the first yearly World Day for Glaciers. The goal is to encourage everyone to help save glaciers. Glaciers are made of ice and snow that slowly move over land. A glacier starts with a snowflake. Over time, the snow adds up and turns into glacier ice. Glaciers have shaped mountains and valleys over Earth’s history. They are still moving and changing land in many places today. ★ When glaciers melt (融化), they provide nutrients (养料) for lakes, rivers and oceans. These nutrients support the lives along the way and form a perfect food chain. In some places, glaciers even help create homes for plants and animals. The UN says there are about 200, 000 glaciers in the world, covering 10 percent of the land. They also hold 70 percent of earth’s fresh water. In areas like the Himalayas, millions of people depend on glaciers for water. These glaciers also feed big rivers, such as the Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra. Climate (气候) changes are leading to serious problems for glaciers. Many glaciers have disappeared. For example, Colombia has lost 90 percent of its glaciers since the mid-19th century. If temperatures rise by 1.5 to 4 degrees, glaciers could lose a lot of their weight by the year 2100. This would mean there will be less water for us to drink and farm, while floods may happen more often because of melting ice. It would also be bad for animals and humans. Also, when glaciers melt, it also changes how the sunlight is reflected (反射). This can make a big difference to the whole climate. So people from all over the world are trying out smart ways to help cool them down. 51．In which picture can we see glaciers? A． B． C． D． 52．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．Scientists are trying to slow down the melting. B．Glaciers are important for the life on the earth. C．Glaciers are melting quickly for many reasons. D．Human activities are the main cause of glaciers melting. 53．What big question does Paragraph 4 answer? A．How will many glaciers be lost? B．How can people care for glaciers? C．Where do glaciers come from? D．Why are glaciers disappearing? 54．According to the text, glaciers are NOT able to ________. A．make a difference to the whole climate B．make temperature rise and floods happen C．offer rich nutrients to human and wildlife D．feed big rivers, lakes and seas on the earth 55．What would the author write about after the last paragraph? A．The benefits of getting cool. B．The dangers of melting glaciers. C．The ways of protecting glaciers. D．The process of shaping glaciers. Passage 5 （2025八年级下·湖北武汉·期末） The Dead Sea could die     I’m not a sea but a lake. And I’m not dead. In fact, I’ve got many plants and animals. I’m saltier than any sea, so people can lie on my surface. Rivers flow into me. But now people take too much water from them. My water level is going down. I am becoming smaller year by year. Take less water, or I’ll dry up within the next 100 years. Then I really will be dead! Rainforest—forest rain I’m the rainforest of Madagascar. As my name suggests, I make rain for my plants and animals, such as monkeys, snakes and many kinds of flowers. For 80% of them, I’m their only home in the world. However, people are cutting down my trees for wood and to make space for farming. Please stop it. I’m disappearing. If Frozen turns into Waterworld... I’m a glacier (冰川) at the Glacier National Park in America. It’s a land full of ice and snow. Do you want to explore the white world in the film Frozen? Then my home is the best choice. Two hundred years ago, there were about 150 glaciers. But now, there are around 25. Please stop climate change. I’m turning into Waterworld! 56．The water level of the Dead Sea going down because ________. A．people take too much water from the rivers flowing into it B．the sun is too hot and the water goes quickly C．too many people lie on its surface every day D．many plants and animals live in it 57．What are people doing to the rainforest of Madagascar? A．Building homes for animals. B．Catching monkeys and snakes. C．Making rain for plants and animals. D．Cutting down trees for farming space. 58．What can readers know from the passages? A．The Dead sea is a salt lake with no living things. B．Glacier National Park has more glaciers than before. C．Madagascar’s rainforest provides homes for many species. D．People in these areas have taken enough action to protect nature. 59．Which might be another title for the third passage? A．A Glacier’s Story: From 150 to 25. B．Exploring the White World in Frozen. C．How to Visit Glacier National Park. D．The Disappearing Glaciers in America. 60．What do the three passages have in common? A．About places in Africa. B．About nature in trouble. C．About animals’ daily life. D．About making money from nature. 主题04 人与社会——沟通交流 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·湖北荆州·期末）①Do you find it hard to say “no” when someone asks you for help? Do you feel sorry when you have to tell people that you really can’t help them? And do you often pretend (假装) to agree with people even though you think differently? If you answered “yes” to these questions, you may be a “people-pleaser”. ②Being friendly and helpful is a good thing. It helps you build friendships. However, trying to please others without considering your own happiness can make you stressed. Luckily, there are some steps that you can take to stop being a people-pleaser. ③To start with, it’s important to know your limits and make “boundaries (界限)” in your life. Be clear about what you would like to do. You can also tell others that you are only available for a certain period of time. ④When someone asks you for help, tell him or her that you need some time to think about it. Use this time to ask yourself: Do you really want to do this? How much time will it take? By giving yourself some time to think, you’ll be better able to truly decide if it’s something you have the interest and time to do. ⑤People always try to please others because they have little confidence (自信) in themselves. They don’t consider their own need and interest. In this situation, you can try meaningful self-talk. Remind yourself that you have dreams, too. You don’t have to waste your time to do things that don’t bring you joy. ⑥Making a sudden change can be hard, so start by taking small steps. You may, for example, send a message to say “no”. Then, continue to say “no” face to face. Practice this in kinds of situations, such as talking to a salesperson or ordering at a restaurant. ⑦Stopping being a people-pleaser doesn’t mean you have to give up being kind and helpful altogether. You can still do good things, but on your own situations. 61．The writer starts the passage by ________. A．giving examples B．asking questions C．telling stories D．answering questions 62．According to the passage, what can people do to stop being a people-pleaser? a. Set limits in your life.                        b. Consider others’ interest. c. Build up confidence.                         d. Start by taking small steps. A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd 63．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 64．The writer wrote the passage most probably to ________. A．advise us not always to please others B．help us build confidence in ourselves C．encourage us to help people in need D．make us be clear about our dreams 65．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The ways to be a people-pleaser. B．The steps to stop being a people-pleaser. C．The meanings of being a people-pleaser. D．The importance of being a people-pleaser. Passage 2 （2025八年级下·湖北随州·期末）Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents. However, it is not true. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it’s hard for you to communicate with your parents, don’t worry about it. Here is some advice for you to bridge the generation gap (代沟). Don’t argue with your parents. Don’t get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won’t consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. And you can’t express yourself well if you are angry. Go somewhere to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don’t think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter. Try to reach a compromise (和解). Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael’s mother didn’t agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to a compromise. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days. Of course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong. Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try! 66．Your parents probably won’t consider your ideas if you ________. A．don’t get to them often B．write a letter to them C．don’t speak to them politely D．express yourself well 67．What are good ways to bridge the generation gap? ①Don’t argue with your parents.  ②Try to reach a compromise.  ③Talk about your values.   ④Always agree with your parents. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 68．The underlined phrase “cool off ” in the passage means “________”. A．calm down B．stay away from C．come down D．put off 69．How can you reach a compromise with your parents according to the passage? A．Have a talk with them often. B．Keep away from them. C．Agree with them all the time. D．Show respect to them. 70．What is the best title for the passage? A．A Generation Gap B．Show Love and Respect to Children C．Good Ways to Bridge the Generation Gap D．Serious Problems in Families Today Passage 3 （2025八年级下·湖北襄阳·期末）Do you know that we also do communication with ourselves from time to time? Picture this: Your mom asks you what you would like for breakfast. Many foods come to your mind: pancakes, bread, porridge... Until you tell your mom what you want to eat, you are communicating with yourself. We call it interpersonal communication (自我沟通). This can be talking with classmates, reading books, writing your homework, thinking to ourselves, understanding a difficult math problem, and remembering something. Interpersonal communication plays a big role in our lives. Good interpersonal communication allows you to understand yourself better. When you’re comfortable with who you are, and you know what you want, you can better get on with yourself. Also, interpersonal communication helps you to keep an eye on your thoughts and feelings. When you find that your mind is full of negative (负面) thoughts and feelings, and they make you sad, you will try to cheer up and forget about these unhappy things. What’s more, interpersonal communication helps with your communication with others at school. Understanding your thoughts and feelings better allows you to put yourself in others’ shoes when you talk to or listen to them. Then, you can better understand and get on with them. 71．How does the writer begin to explain his idea in Paragraph 1? A．By showing some facts. B．By providing numbers. C．By giving an example. D．By asking and answering a question. 72．How many ways do we have interpersonal communication in Paragraph 2? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 73．What can we learn from Paragraph 3 and 4? A．The right ways of interpersonal communication. B．The good points of interpersonal communication. C．The problems of interpersonal communication. D．The rules of interpersonal communication. 74．What does the writer want to tell us by using “put yourself in others’ shoes” ? A．To improve yourself. B．To learn from lessons. C．To be frightened or nervous. D．To be in someone else’s situation. 75．Who is this passage written to? A．A worker at school B．A student at school C．A doctor at hospital D．A nurse at hospital 主题01 人与社会——中共文化 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·湖北宜昌·期末）Wuhan hot dry noodles, or Reganmian, are one of the most popular breakfast foods in China. They are made from fresh noodles mixed with sesame paste, soy sauce (酱油), and other tasty ingredients. Many people in Wuhan start their day with a bowl of hot dry noodles because they are delicious and cheap. What makes hot dry noodles unique is their special smell and flavor (风味). The sesame paste gives the noodles a rich taste, while the chili oil adds a little something different. Some people also like to add pickled vegetables (泡菜) or green onions for wonderful flavor. Every bite makes you want to eat more! I first tried hot dry noodles when I visited Wuhan last year. At first, I was unsure about the dark color, but after one bite, I fell in love with them. The owner of the noodle shop taught me how to mix the noodles properly so that every part would be covered with sauce. It was an unforgettable experience! Now, whenever I think of Wuhan, I remember the wonderful taste of hot dry noodles. They are not just food but also a part of the city’s culture. If you have a visit to Wuhan some day, don’t forget to try this amazing dish! 1．Which do you think is “the sesame paste” like most? A． B． C． D． 2．Why do people in Wuhan like eating Reganmian? A．Because they are expensive. B．Because they are pickled. C．Because they are tasty. D．Because they are dark. 3．Wuhan hot dry noodles are special because of ________. A．the smell and flavor B．the fresh ingredients C．the cheap onions D．the popular sauce 4．What did the writer think of the journey to Wuhan? A．Exciting B．Important. C．Unforgettable. D．Unbelievable 5．Which part of the TV program is the passage probably from? A．News and Amusement. B．Sports and Stars. C．Humans and Nature. D．Food and Culture. Passage 2 （2025八年级下·湖北武汉·期末）The Chinese animation (动画) Ne Zha: Demon Child Conquers the Sea (also called Ne Zha 2) has broken global records of animation. This shows the growing success and future of China’s film industry (产业), as reported by China Daily. One of the main reasons why Ne Zha 2 is popular is its amazing visuals (视觉效果) and exciting storyline. The film includes 2,427 scenes, with 1,948 needing special effects (特效)—a huge job for any team. As a result, 138 Chinese animation studios (large or small) and over 4,000 professionals (专业人士) worked on the project, Beijing Daily reported. Red Whale Studios from Suzhou played an important role in finishing a quarter of the making of the film—a team of 160 artists worked day and night for 26 months to create exciting scenes. Yang Yu (also known as Jiaozi) shared that they considered using foreign teams for special effects at first, but the results didn’t bring them satisfaction. ★ A great example is Fantawild Animation from Shenzhen. It created the breathtaking waterfall in the forest fighting scene. Waterfalls are challenging to animate because of their size and always changing movement. To make it look real, the team used best technology with 50 high-powered computers. In the movie, Ne Zha says, “If there’s no way ahead, I will create one.” Similarly, the 138 Chinese animation studios joined forces to push Chinese animation, showing the industry’s talent and creativity. 6．What does “this” refer to? A．The achievement of Ne Zha 2. B．The report by China Daily. C．The Chinese film industry. D．The future of animation. 7．The numbers in paragraph 2 show the making of the film is ________. A．long B．important C．hard D．exciting 8．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．And he invited more foreign teams. B．So the film took more time to finish. C．So he turned to Chinese teams. D．And Chinese teams refused the film. 9．Which words can best describe the Chinese teams working on Ne Zha 2? ①creative      ②traditional      ③friendly      ④talented      ⑤skilled A．①②③ B．①④⑤ C．②④⑤ D．③④⑤ 10．Which picture best shows how Ne Zha 2 could succeed? A． B． C． D． Passage 3 （2025八年级下·湖北荆门·期末）Three years ago, a group of college students started a fashion factory that used AI (人工智能) to design traditional Chinese clothing known as qipao. The team is called Linchun Jieqi, which means “spring is coming” and “very pretty”. It has 15 young designers. The team leader is a 19-year-old girl, Cai Chenhan. It sold thousands of qipao in the first three years, and even some qipao were sold abroad. Cai grew up in a family that made qipao, learning the skills from her mother and grandmother. Her dream was always to be a designer, so she chose to study design: to continue the family tradition. All the team members are young people. They bring modern factors (因素) and beautiful designs to traditional qipao, making it catch young people’s eye more easily. They use new skills to create beautiful pictures and styles. Most of Cai’s team members are her classmates. They work together with foreign students on fashion projects. They use international students as models at school fashion shows. Their success came from creating a large database (数据库) of qipao designs. Traditionally, pictures were hand-drawn. Now, they train AI models to make new designs. This sped up the design process from weeks to days. Cai’s qipao can be bought in eight countries now, with stores mainly in Southeast Asia. Customers can order custom-made qipao, choose pictures online and get it in a few days. The team’s influence has spread to other universities in Hangzhou. Every quarter around the world, many people try to host qipao festivals and cultural exchange events in different universities. “Our goal is to truly spread the beauty of qipao, and bring new life to the traditional Chinese culture.” Cai said. 11．How old is the leader of the team? A．15. B．19. C．20. D．22. 12．What do we know about Cai’s factory? A．It has more than 15 young designers. B．It owns many stores mainly in East Asia. C．It sold hundreds of qipao in three years. D．It used many international students as models. 13．Why did Cai choose to study design? A．To become a famous model. B．To learn a new skill for living. C．To continue her family tradition. D．To meet more customers’ needs. 14．What does the underlined word “sped up” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．降低 B．加速 C．升高 D．减速 15．What’s the writer’s main purpose (目的) of writing the passage? A．To call on young people to set up more factories. B．To tell the wonderful life story of a new designer. C．To explain how a factory improved its speed of making qipao. D．To show a team’s new way of designing traditional Chinese clothes. Passage 4 （2025八年级下·湖北·期末）Built over 2,200 years ago in the Qin Dynasty, the Dujiangyan Irrigation System (都江堰水利工程) is one of the oldest and most famous water projects in the world. In ancient times, the Min River often flooded (during rainy seasons in the Chengdu Plain (成都平原)). In order to make better use of the river water and solve the problem of floods and droughts (干旱), the Dujiangyan Irrigation System was built in 256 BC, which was designed by ancient Chinese engineer Li Bing. The system divides the Min River into two parts: the inner part and the outer part, which play different roles in dry and rainy seasons. During dry seasons, 60% of the river water runs into the inner part to water farms. In rainy seasons, the outer part carries 60% of the water, protecting the Chengdu Plain against floods. By changing the river way, the system cleverly controls the water. However, as water keeps running through, it leaves behind-lots of silt. So, it’s necessary to dig and clean the riverbed every year. When Dujiangyan was first built, Li Bing put Shima (stone horse) in the riverbed. It served as a ruler and told people how deep to dig when cleaning the riverbed. In Ming Dynasty, the first Wotie (lying iron stick) appeared and took the place of Shima. In dry seasons, people cleaned away part of the earth and sand from the riverbed. When they dug down and reached the Wotie, they knew they could stop. The tradition of digging the riverbed has been lasting for over 2,000 years. People continued to repair Dujiangyan, and new Woties were placed in the riverbed. Today, four Woties lie side by side underwater, which were made in different ages from Ming Dynasty to the new China. Although workers have better tools now, these iron sticks are still powerful symbols of ancient wisdom (智慧). They carry ancient people’s messages through over 2, 000 years, which are passed down to modern and future generations (一代人) . 16．Which is true about the Dujiangyang Irrigation System? A．It is less than 2,000 years old. B．It was built by Chinese engineer Li Bing. C．It stops the Min River. D．It helps control the water from the Min River. 17．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Where the river water goes. B．How Dujiangyan works. C．How much water the Min River has. D．What the Min River looks like. 18．The underlined word “silt” in paragraph 3 refers to ________. A．earth and sand B．digging tools C．broken wood and leaves D．water plants 19．Which can we find in the Dujiangyan riverbed today according to the passage? A． B． C． D． 20．What could be the best title for the passage? A．Introduction to Dujingyan Water System B．Explanation of Flood Controlling Technology C．Examples of Riverbed Cleaning Tools D．Discussion of Chinese Ancient Tools Passage 5 （2025八年级下·湖北随州·期末） Baduanjin Baduanjin, a kind of slow-moving qigong, can go back to the Song Dynasty. Ba means “eight”, duan means “pieces”, and jin means something beautiful like silk. There are eight movements (动作) . People are like beautiful silk when they’re doing the sport. Baduanjin is easy to learn, and doesn’t take much space or time. It used to be popular with the old people. However, more and more young Chinese have fallen in love with it. After they spend hours sitting in front of the computer, doing Baduanjin is a good choice to help them relax and sleep well. They also believe that it will make thin people strong and fat people lose weight if they keep practicing it at least once a day. Tai Chi Chuan Tai Chi Chuan, also known as Tai Chi, is a very special Chinese martial (军事的) art that has a long history. It started from the ancient Taoist (道教) ideas of harmony (和谐) and balance. Tai Chi uses slow and smooth movements to make our bodies strong and flexible (柔软的). It also helps us breathe deeply and feel relaxed. Practicing Tai Chi is like doing a dance or yoga. It’s fun and easy to learn. It can help us focus our minds and improve our balance. It’s also a great way to stay healthy and happy. Nowadays, many people around the world enjoy practicing Tai Chi. It has become very popular. Whether you’re a kid or an adult, Tai Chi is a great choice for you to stay healthy and strong! 21．In which picture can we see Tai Chi? A． B． C． D． 22．According to the text “Baduanjin”, Paragraph 1 talks about . A．the use of the name B．the introduction of the name C．the kinds of the sport D．the ways of the sport 23．What is the idea of Tai Chi? A．Slow movements. B．Body’s practice. C．Harmony and balance. D．Weight and height. 24．What do these two sports have in common? A．They are only popular with Chinese people. B．They are very useful for the thin or fat people. C．They can help you a lot to lose weight. D．They can help you relaxed and healthy. 25．Where are the passages most probably from? A．Science website. B．Sports magazine. C．Travel guide. D．Fun newspaper. 主题02 人与社会——城市与旅游 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·湖北宜昌·期末）①To tourists, “Citywalk” means wandering (漫游) around the city on foot. People can go a special way. They can visit the old buildings, go to the local shops, have a cup of coffee or try tasty local food. ②Citywalk can be a special guided trip for a small group of people. The trip has one key point: avoiding (避开) famous places of interest and big crowds to have a deeper experience of the places you visit. ③In China, Citywalk is spreading (蔓延) from big cities like Beijing and Shanghai to smaller cities. Some organizers invite culture researchers and lovers to act as tour guides. Yimei is a young girl in Changsha. Recently, she shared six Citywalk plans in different cities on the Internet to provide experiences for visitors to “walk in open-air museums”. ④Her Changsha route (路线) includes more special views, such as historical buildings from the 19th century and old streets. They even stop to taste the local food along the way. Yimei said her group is usually made up of about twelve people. Her events last about half a day. As we can see, Citywalk offers people a new way to make friends. ⑤Citywalk is offering a positive change to travellers as they can better choose the experiences according to their taste and needs. At the same time, Citywalk brings a chance (机会) to tour guides and travel service providers to offer a more professional (专业的) service. 26．Which of the following activities can be called a Citywalk? A．Taking a bus ride in Changsha. B．Visiting the Great Wall in Beijing. C．Having fun in Disneyland in Shanghai. D．Finding local food on the streets of Wuhan. 27．According to the passage, what do we know about Yimei? A．She takes tourists to visit modern buildings. B．She may be a travel service provider in Changsha. C．She has planned six Citywalk routes in Changsha. D．She works with twelve people for a whole day every time. 28．What does the underlined word “positive” in Paragraph5 mean? A．Terrible. B．Rapid. C．Useful. D．Strange. 29．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．People can make more friends by Citywalk. B．Yimei must be good at cooking and geography. C．Citywalk will be the most popular way of traveling. D．Old people will never walk together through the streets. 30．Which is the best structure (结构) of this passage? (1= Paragraph 1, 2= Paragraph 2…) A．①②-③-④⑤ B．①-②③④⑤ C．①-②-③④-⑤ D．①-②③-④⑤ Passage 2 （2025八年级下·湖北孝感·期末）①China is a country in East Asia. It is large in many ways. More than 1.4 billion people live here. That’s about 20% of all the people on the Earth! And China is the third largest country by total area in the world. It covers about 3.7 million square miles. ②This large country has many different kinds of land. It has some very low areas of land. In fact, the second lowest point on the Earth is in China. It is Ayding Lake in the Turpan Basin (吐鲁番盆地). Other parts of China have mountains. For example, the Himalayas run along southwestern part of China. Part of the Himalayas in the country’s west has the world’s highest mountains. ③The snow in the mountains is a source (源头) of many rivers. In fact, the snow makes two of China’s most important rivers. They are the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. The Yellow River is China’s second longest river. It is very special to the Chinese people, as it was the starting place of Chinese civilization (文明). The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and the third longest river in the world! In fact, China has not only thousands of rivers, but also large deserts and rainforests. So visitors can enjoy diverse landscapes (地形) in this country! ④All in all, China is really amazing and special with huge size, big population,  different landscapes and so on. Whether you love exploring nature or learning about history, China welcomes you with open arms. It’s a place you’ll never forget! 31．According to Paragraph 1, the writer describes how large China is by________. A．asking questions B．telling a story C．giving an example D．showing numbers 32．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．The Himalayas are in southwest of China. B．The Yangtze River is the longest river in the world. C．The Yellow River is the starting place of Chinese civilization. D．Ayding Lake in the Turpan Basin is the second lowest point on Earth. 33．What does the underlined word “diverse” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Different. B．Similar. C．Ancient. D．Wild. 34．What is the structure of the passage? (Paragraph 1=①…) A． B． C． D． 35．The passage is mainly about the_________ of China. A．art B．history C．geography D．tradition Passage 3 （2025八年级下·湖北·期末）Have you ever visited any traditional Chinese gardens? If you compare them with Western gardens, you may find that Chinese gardens look more natural. Chinese gardens have a long history. There used to be two main kinds of gardens: imperial (皇家的) gardens and private (私人的) gardens. Imperial gardens were for the emperors and their families, while private gardens were built by rich people. Both kinds of gardens were built for having a rest. The Summer Palace in Beijing is one of the most famous imperial gardens in China. There are over 3,000 ancient buildings and more than 1,600 ancient trees in this garden. It is known as the “Imperial Garden Museum” in China. Emperors and their family members usually came to this garden to spend the hot summer. As for private gardens, the most famous one is the Humble Administrator’s Garden (拙政园) in Suzhou. Although it is quite small compared with imperial gardens, it’s very beautiful. Some trees, lakes, flowers and man-made mountains can be found in the garden. Tourists can also see private houses near the garden. Traditional Chinese gardens have been built to look natural. In fact, Chinese gardens are like Chinese paintings. These two have influenced (影响) each other. Both of them show the idea of the importance of nature in Chinese culture. 36．How does the writer start this passage (文段)? A．By showing a fact. B．By telling a story. C．By asking a question. D．By giving an example. 37．Why did emperors and their families come to the Summer Palace? A．To spend the hot summer. B．To take care of the old trees. C．To have some delicious food. D．To see some wonderful shows. 38．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 39．According to the passage, which of the following is RIGHT? A．The Summer Palace in Beijing is one of the most famous private gardens in China. B．The Humble Administrator’s Garden in Suzhou is an imperial garden. C．Western gardens are like Chinese paintings. D．Traditional Chinese gardens show the idea of the importance of nature in Chinese culture. 40．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．The History of Chinese Gardens. B．Chinese imperial gardens. C．Traditional Chinese Gardens: Features (特点) and Kinds. D．Chinese Gardens vs Western Gardens. Passage 4 （2025八年级下·湖北·期末） Fine Dining Hits the Road The Beijing Chaoyang Gourmet (美食) Sightseeing Bus is the first restaurant bus in Beijing. In the evening every day, the bus runs past famous landmarks, such as Bird’s Nest and Liangma River. Passengers can enjoy both fine delicious food and the city’s amazing night views. The bus provides a short city tour that is easy and relaxing for all ages. ________________ As more and more tourists visit Wuhan, the welcoming city has offered them a new choice every summer: Bamboo Bed Festival. Bamboo bed is an old tradition for Wuhan people to beat the summer heat. During the event, hundreds of bamboo beds are placed in the open air, allowing people to have fun and relax under the stars and bringing them back to the “good old days”. Icy Land and Warm Relaxion It couldn’t be better to relax in warm water while watching: the snow falling. And that’s what tourists do at. Baodi Hot Springs Town in Fuxin, Liaoning. The town has a perfect mix of freezing winters and hot springs. Tourists usually come here to relax and experience special activities, such as having traditional Chinese medicine baths or enjoying hot pots in hot springs. 41．In which section of the newspaper can we read the news? A．LIFE. B．FASHION. C．TRAVEL. D．CULTURE. 42．Which is true about the Beijing Chaoyang Gourmet Sightseeing Bus? A．It’s the first tour bus in Beijing. B．Passengers can see night views while eating gourmet. C．The tour bus runs past landmarks in the morning. D．The bus tour is mainly for young people. 43．What would be the best headline for the second news? A．Summer’s Bamboo Bed Festival B．Enjoy Festivals in Wuhan C．Beat the Summer Heat D．Record Good Old Days 44．Tourists come to Baodi Hot Springs Town for ________. A．traditional Chinese medicine B．delicious hot pots C．special hot spring experiences D．beautiful snowfalls 45．What does the news above show? A．Night relaxions. B．Chinese traditions. C．Places of interests. D．Travel activities. 主题03 人与社会——健康与安全 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·湖北十堰·期末） How to give first aidWhat should you do if you see someone get hurt? If you want to help: Think about the situation to see if it is safe (安全的) for you to help. Call an ambulance (救护车) right away if necessary. 911  in America 000  in Australia 999  in the UK 103  in Russia 120  in China How you can help: Stop bleeding: Use a clean cloth or even your shirt to press on the cut. Keep pressing until you can get to a doctor. Treat burns: For small burns, run cool water over them for 10-15 minutes. Do not use ice, as it can make the burn worse. Treat choking: For people over the age of 1, stand behind them and give them quick pushes (按) with your fist (拳头) above their belly button (肚脐). This is called the Heimlich maneuver. Do CPR (心肺复苏术):If someone isn’t breathing and their heart isn’t beating, you might need to do CPR. Place the person on their back on the ground and push hard and fast in the middle of their chest (胸腔). 46．What number should you call if someone is badly hurt in Beijing? A．911. B．999. C．103. D．120. 47．How can you stop bleeding? A．By pressing a clean cloth on the cut. B．By using the Heimlich maneuver. C．By pushing on the chest many times. D．By putting ice on the cut. 48．How long should you run water over a small burn? A．For one minute. B．For 10-15 minutes. C．For half an hour. D．For an hour. 49．What is the Heimlich maneuver used for? A．Bleeding. B．Burns. C．Choking. D．Doing CPR. 50．Where might you find the reading above? A．In a storybook. B．In a book about health. C．In a history book. D．In a sports magazine. Passage 2 （2025八年级下·湖北襄阳·期末）Throughout our daily lives, we can always hear voices reminding us to drink water. Teachers ask us to drink water during breaks and health experts say that water can improve our skin and help manage our weight. But a common question remains: how much water should we actually take in? For a long time, many people have stuck to the “8×8 rule,” believing that drinking eight glasses of water, eight times a day, is perfect. This idea, however, came from a misunderstanding. In 1945, scientists suggested drinking an amount (数量) of water for how much food we eat. That’s about eight glasses every day. But the truth is, different people need very different amounts of water every day. For example, a sportsman who trains for hours might need much more water than someone who spends most of the day sitting at a desk. Our weight, age and how active we are all decide how much water we need. So, do we need to strictly control how much water we drink? Dr Stanley Goldfarb doesn’t think so. Our body has a great self-control system. When our body needs water, we feel thirsty, a clear sign to drink up. Also, our body can save water well and start working before we feel thirsty. Water offers many benefits (益处). It helps keep our body temperature normal, take away waste in the body and protect our joints (关节). In short, your body is very smart. Don’t worry too much about how much water you should drink every day. Your body can take care of itself and tell you when it needs more water. Just listen to your body and you’ll stay healthy. 51．The “8×8 rule” mentioned in the second paragraph is about ________ to drink. A．how much B．when C．how fast D．why 52．How does the writer support the idea that different people need different amounts of water? A．By listing real numbers. B．By using expert opinions. C．By sharing personal stories. D．By comparing sportsmen and desk workers. 53．In the fourth paragraph, the underlined word “It” refers to ________. A．food B．water C．the body D．the joint 54．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?（①=Paragraph 1②=Paragraph 2…） A． B． C． D． 55．What does the writer want us to do? A．Stop drinking water in the evening. B．Worry about how much water we drink. C．Listen to our body when we are thirsty. D．Drink as much water as possible every day. Passage 3 （2025八年级下·湖北黄石·期末）It is said that doing physical exercise can make our brain work better, but I wanted to know if that was true. Maybe it could be the answer to getting good grades at school. To find out about it, we decided to make a memory (记忆力) test. We took 25 different things from around the house and covered them up with a towel (毛巾). Next, we asked eight of our friends to take a test. We took away the towel and gave them one minute to look at the things. When the minute was up, we covered the things again and asked them to write down as many things as they could remember. Then we made our friends into two groups. One group sat down and played easy chess games. We called it “TEAM SIT”. The other group went out for a few miles. We named it “TEAM MOVE”. At the same time, we put new things in the test. After 10 minutes, both teams took a second test with the new things. We graded all the tests, giving one point for each right answer. Then we watched how each team’s score changed. The TEAM SIT’s average (平均) score went down by 2 points. The other team’s average score went up by 4 points. The difference wasn’t too big. But the team that exercised had better memory test scores. So next time, I might go out and take a long run before I study for a test! 56．What is the meaning of “physical exercise” in paragraph 1? A．物理练习 B．体育课 C．心理测试 D．体育锻炼 57．The writer made friends into two groups because of ________. A．the time they used B．the activities they did C．the game they played D．the things they remembered 58．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The way to get good grades. B．How to do well in physical exercises. C．If doing physical exercise is good for our brain. D．Why should students do physical exercise. 59．What’s the structure (结构) of the text? A． B． C． D． 60．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Playing board games is good for our memory. B．The answer to getting good grades is to work hard. C．It is necessary to do physical exercise. D．The writer will not take a long run before he studies for a test. Passage 4 （2025八年级下·湖北·期末）It is important to know some swimming safety tips (贴士) before getting in the pool. Remember: Drowning (溺水) is silent. Even if children can swim, adults should always keep an eye on them. Dos Know how deep the water is. Don’t jump into the water less than 2.7 meters deep. Don’t dive (潜水) unless the water is more than 3.6 meters deep. Learn first aid and keep a first-aid box (急救箱) near water. Children over the age of 4 should complete swimming lessons. It’s okay to play with toys in the water, but remember to take all toys out of the water after swimming. Don’ts Never swim outside during a storm or when there is thunder and lightning. Don’t use water wings or other pool toys as life jackets (救生衣). Never eat or drink in the pool. You may get the water dirty. Don’t run or push around the pool. Never swim in the river. And tell others not to do it. Pool ownersMake sure you can clearly see the pool wherever you are. Put up a 1.5-meter-high fence (栅栏) around the pool to keep children away. Cover the pool when it’s not in use so that no one falls into the water. Don’t put electrical products (电子产品) by the pool. 61．If you dive, the water must be more than _________ meters deep. A．2.7 B．2.9 C．3.4 D．3.6 62．According to the weather report next week, on which day can you swim in an outside pool?              A．     B．     C．     D． 63．What could you do when you are swimming? A．Play with toys in the winter. B．Eat when you’re hungry. C．Use water wings as life jackets. D．Jump into the water of any swimming pool. 64．What can pool owners do to have a safe pool area? A．Make sure they can hardly see the pool. B．Cover the pool when it’s in use. C．Put up a fence around the pool. D．Put electrical products by the pool. 65．In which part of a magazine can you read the passage? A．World Travel. B．Sports News. C．Art Treasure. D．Safety Tips. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解说明文 主题01 人与社会——发明创造 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·湖北·期末）I’ve always disliked getting up in winter. As a child, I would pull myself out of bed, my eyes half-closed, and watch my school uniform hanging in front of the bed. These days, I set several alarms to ensure I’m woken up. Interested in technology, I often test fascinating devices (electronic tools). Most are fun, but few really change my life for a long time. Sunrise alarm pillows, however, are different. They’ve become an important part of my morning life. My best choice, the sunrise alarm pillows, have greatly done me good. I’m waking up every day, full of energy. In fact, the pillow is a combination (结合) of alarm clock and light treatment device that shines with increasing brightness when it’s time for you to wake up. The light interacts (相互作用) with our natural sleep-wake cycle, much as the sun does when it rises. As a result, we wake up biologically prepared for the day. The sunrise alarm pillow also helps develop healthier sleep habits. In our tech-driven world, waking up often means checking our phones at once. An advantage of sunrise alarm clocks is that your morning wake-up no longer needs your phone. Setting a smartphone alarm means your day begins with eyes on screen. ________. Sleep is personal, and no single device fits everyone. But for me, the sunrise alarm pillow has been a game-changer. If you are fighting with dark mornings, it’s worth a try. After all, some morning people are made, not born. 1．I like the sunrise alarm pillows because ________. A．they offer me more time to sleep B．they can change all my bad habits C．they have a good influence on me D．they surprise me with super-high tech 2．What does the underlined phrase “biologically prepared” suggest (暗示)? A．Timely set out. B．Naturally woken up. C．Quite peaceful. D．Fully fresh and clear. 3．Which of the following can be put in ________? A．And it makes my morning full of phone time. B．However, most people still love their phones more. C．So I need to buy a new phone to match the pillow. D．But with this pillow, you can have a healthier morning. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．The author used to be late for school in winter. B．Sunrise alarm pillows are widely used by people. C．Using a smartphone alarm may not be good for sleep habits. D．Sunrise alarm pillows will soon replace traditional alarm clocks. 5．What would be the best theme picture of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文介绍了日出闹钟枕头如何通过模拟自然光亮逐渐唤醒用户，帮助改善睡眠习惯和提升早晨的精力水平。 1．推理判断题。根据“My best choice, the sunrise alarm pillows, have greatly did me good. I’m waking up every day, full of energy.”可知，作者提到日出闹钟枕头对他的生活产生了积极影响，使他每天醒来时充满活力。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“ The light interacts (相互作用) with our natural sleep-wake cycle, much as the sun does when it rises. As a result, we wake up biologically prepared for the day.”可知，“Biologically prepared”指的是通过模拟自然光亮逐渐唤醒用户，使他们在生理上准备好迎接新的一天。这与选项 B “自然醒来”最为接近，因为这种唤醒方式更符合人体的自然生物钟。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Setting a smartphone alarm means your day begins with eyes on screen”前文提到设置智能手机闹钟意味着一天从盯着屏幕开始，而空格处需要一个转折句来强调日出闹钟枕头的优点。选项D“但是有了这个枕头，你可以有一个更健康的早晨”正好起到了这样的作用，突出了枕头带来的健康益处。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“Setting a smartphone alarm means your day begins with eyes on screen”可知，作者提到设置智能手机闹钟意味着一天从盯着屏幕开始，推测这可能对睡眠习惯不利。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。本文介绍了日出闹钟枕头如何通过模拟自然光亮逐渐唤醒用户，帮助改善睡眠习惯和提升早晨的精力水平。选项A是闹钟的图片。故选A。 Passage 2 （2025八年级下·湖北·期末）. Getting a drone to Carry Your Coffee at the Great WallA tourist took a day trip to the Badaling section of the Great Wall in Beijing. While there, she ordered a cup of iced coffee using an app on her mobile phone. To her surprise, it was carried to her by a drone (无人机) in five minutes. This is available because of the rapid development of instant delivery (快递) services through drones in China.Robot Dog Carrying Rubbish Draws Attention On Mount Tai, a rubbish-collecting robot dog has recently reminded tourists to protect the environment. The four-legged robot has excellent ability to walk on the stairs, keeping balance even on wet or difficult ground, and shows great balance while climbing the mountain. It is also able to cross objects in the way. Besides, it can carry a weight of 120 kilograms at most with a battery (电池) life of four to six hours a time.________________________________ These days, DeepSeek has become the most downloaded and free AI app on Apple App Store in the world, followed by ChatGPT from DeepSeek OpenAI. What impresses the world is that both the number of chips and the number of developers on the team are lower than those of industry leaders. This means the cost for users will be lower than that offered by other competitors. DeepSeek marks the rise of Chinese large models on the global (全球的) stage. 6．In which SECTION of the website can we read the news? A．ENVIRONMENT. B．TECHNOLOGY. C．EDUCATION. D．TRAVEL. 7．Where was the tourist when ordering the iced coffee in the first news? A．At a coffee shop. B．On the Great Wall. C．In a service center. D．In a drone. 8．What can the robot dog do in the second news? ①Protect more visitors.②Walk on the stairs.③Cross the objects.④Work over 6 hours.⑤Carry up to 120kg. A．①③④ B．②③④ C．②③⑤ D．①③⑤ 9．The best heading for the third news would be ________. A．AI Apps: Who Will Win in the End? B．Apple App Store: The Lower Cost for Users C．ChatGPT: The Most Downloaded Free App D．DeepSeek: The Rise of China’s AI Large Models 10．What does the above news focus on? A．China’s development in technology. B．China’s position in the AI field. C．The use of technology in tourism. D．Environmental protection. 【答案】6．B 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文是三篇新闻。分别介绍了无人机配送咖啡、机器狗捡垃圾以及AI应用DeepSeek的相关内容，均与科技相关。 6．推理判断题。根据三篇新闻分别介绍了无人机配送咖啡、机器狗捡垃圾以及AI应用程DeepSeek的相关内容，均与科技相关，可知这些新闻可能出现在网站的“科技”版块。故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据“A tourist took a day trip to the Badaling section of the Great Wall in Beijing. While there, she ordered a cup of iced coffee using an app on her mobile phone.”可知，这位游客点冰咖啡时在长城上。故选B。 8．细节理解题。根据“The four-legged robot has excellent ability to walk on the stairs, keeping balance even on wet or difficult ground, and shows great balance while climbing the mountain. It is also able to cross objects in the way. Besides, it can carry a weight of 120 kilograms at most with a battery (电池) life of four to six hours a time.”可知，机器狗能爬楼梯、越过障碍物、最多承载120公斤，对应②③⑤。故选C。 9．最佳标题题。根据“DeepSeek marks the rise of Chinese large models on the global (全球的) stage.”可知，该段主要围绕DeepSeek 及中国AI大模型的崛起展开，“DeepSeek: The Rise of China’s AI Large Models”适合作为标题。故选D。 10．主旨大意题。通读三篇新闻，分别涉及无人机、机器狗、AI应用程序等科技成果，均体现了中国在科技领域的发展。故选A。 Passage 3 （2025八年级下·湖北武汉·期末）In a clear tank of water (水箱), fish are swimming happily. Wait a second, take a closer look at that blue one. It is actually a robot! This scene happened at an event, the World Digital Education Conference, from May 14th to 16th in Wuhan, Hubei province. Besides blue ones, there were red and yellow robotic fish, too. It is scientists at Wuhan University who have made them. At the length of about 53 centimeters, the fish were very lifelike. The joints (关节) in their heads and tails were made in a special way to let the fish move fast and easily. This is thanks to bionic engineering (仿生工程), which brings together nature and man-made things. “I love to see the bionic fish,” Professor James Crabbe from Oxford University told Jiupai News, “It could tell us much more about fish swarming and how fish behave (表现).” In fact, swarming in fish means they swim together in large groups. It helps them stay safe, find food and save energy (能量). Learning about swarming helps us understand how fish live and how changes in the environment matter to them. As for the pretty colors of the bionic fish, they come from the LED lights on their bodies, said People’s Daily. These lights can also make shadows, giving the underwater world a party feel. Even better, the bionic fish are smart. With the help of AI and sensors (传感器), they can “see” things in their way and learn to avoid them, said Changjiang Daily. The fish are already helping in the study of the Yangtze River’s water to help protect the environment. What amazing fish they are! 11．Which scene can be seen at the event in Wuhan? A． B． C． D． 12．What makes the bionic fish move fast and easily? A．Different colors. B．Special water tanks. C．Lifelike length. D．Body joints. 13．What can we know about swarming in fish? A．Swarming can keep fish free from any danger. B．Swarming makes it harder for fish to feed themselves. C．Swarming helps scientists learn about the habits of fish. D．Swarming may change the living environment of fish. 14．Which goal may be achieved with bionic fish? A．The quality of the Yangtze River’s water will be improved. B．More bridges over the Yangtze River have been built. C．Bionic fish take the place of fish in the Yangtze River. D．More ships begin to travel along the Yangtze River. 15．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Look! They’re dancing. B．Wait, that’s no fish! C．Stop! Don’t feed them. D．Hey, let’s try fishing! 【答案】11．B 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文介绍了在湖北武汉举办的世界数字教育大会上展示的仿生机器鱼，它们借助AI和传感器能“感知”并避开障碍物，不仅有助于研究鱼类的集群行为和生活习性，还已应用于长江水质研究，助力环境保护。 11．细节理解题。根据“In a clear tank of water, fish are swimming happily. Wait a second, take a closer look at that blue one. It is actually a robot! This scene happened at an event... in Wuhan”可知，展会上能看到机器鱼在水箱里游动的场景。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据“The joints in their heads and tails were made in a special way to let the fish move fast and easily.”可知，头部和尾部的特殊关节让机器鱼能快速灵活地移动。故选D。 13．细节理解题。根据“swarming in fish means they swim together in large groups... Learning about swarming helps us understand how fish live”可知，研究集群行为能帮助科学家了解鱼类的生活习性。故选C。 14．推理判断题。根据“The fish are already helping in the study of the Yangtze River’s water to help protect the environment.”可知，仿生鱼助力长江水质研究和环境保护，可能带来长江水质的改善。故选A。 15．最佳标题题。文章开头通过“看似是鱼，实则是机器人”的悬念引入，核心是介绍“仿生机器鱼” 。故选B。 Passage 4 （2025八年级下·湖北武汉·期末） Solar (太阳能) Backpack Lights Up VillagesTwo engineers in Kenya invented a solar backpack. It uses sunlight to charge (充电) and can provide light for up to 12 hours. So far, 5,000 students in villages without electricity have received these backpacks. A teacher said, “Children can study in the dark with this light.” The project raised $1 million and planned to reach 20 countries by 2025. Tokyo’s New E-Waste Recycling AppA Tokyo company created a mobile app called “E-Cycle”. Users can exchange old electronics (电子设备), such as phones or computers, for coupons (优惠券). In six months, they collected 100 tons of e-waste, including 15,000 phones and 2,000 laptops. The CEO said, “We turn trash into useful materials.” Now, Seoul and Singapore are also using this method. ________A farm in California uses smart robots to grow vegetables. These robots have cameras to find pests and wild grass. The pesticide (杀虫剂) use drops by 70% and crop harvests rise a lot. The farm owner said, “They’re like 1,000 eco-friendly workers who never sleep.” Thirty farming companies have given money to this technology to fight food shortages. 16．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news? A．EDUCATION. B．ENVIRONMENT. C．AMUSEMENT. D．CULTURE. 17．What is the main use of the solar backpack? A．To keep sunlight to make light. B．To give gifts to city students. C．To win a design competition. D．To build new schools in Kenya. 18．How does the “E-Cycle” app encourage recycling? A．By fixing up old phones. B．By offering coupons for old electronics. C．By using more workers to collect trash. D．By educating people about recycling. 19．What is the best heading for the third piece of news? A．California’s Food Shortage Dangers B．Cameras on Robots Help Environment C．Robot Farmers Help Grow Vegetables D．New Challenges in Farming 20．What does the above news focus on? A．Technology competitions in modern life. B．Green solutions for real problems. C．Government decisions on weather changes. D．Development plans for a better life. 【答案】16．B 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．B 【导语】本文主要介绍的是太阳能背包、电子垃圾应用程序和智能机器人。 16．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章内容都与环保、资源回收、节能等“环境”话题相关，故选B。 17．细节理解题。根据“It uses sunlight to charge (充电) and can provide light for up to 12 hours.”可知，这个背包的主要用途是利用阳光进行充电，以提供照明，故选A。 18．细节理解题。根据“Users can exchange old electronics (电子设备), such as phones or computers, for coupons (优惠券).”可知，该应用通过用旧电子产品兑换优惠券来鼓励回收，故选B。 19．最佳标题题。根据“A farm in California uses smart robots to grow vegetables. These robots have cameras to find pests and wild grass. The pesticide (杀虫剂) use drops by 70% and crop harvests rise a lot.”可知，第三则新闻重点介绍在加州的农场使用机器人种植蔬菜，减少杀虫剂用量并提高产量，因此最佳标题是C项。故选C。 20．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，三则新闻都关注环保和可持续发展，即用绿色技术解决实际问题，故选B。 主题02 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·湖北孝感·期末）①Type (输入) “A cat wants to go to space.” and ask a robot tool to write a bedtime story. Soon, you’ll get the story of Max, a cat who is on his way to sing among the stars. This robot tool is real. It’s called ChatGPT, created by the US company OpenAI. ②ChatGPT can not only write bedtime stories, but also can talk with people and write songs, poems and even jokes. It’s one of the most powerful AI tools. ③People around the world have tried ChatGPT and shared their results online. Some use it to write history articles and some ask it to take notes (做笔记) or get advice on how to talk to others at parties. ④However, some schools in the US, Australia, and France have banned (禁止) the use of ChatGPT. Teachers worry that students might use it to cheat on homework. Others worry that ChatGPT could be used to provide improper information. ⑤“It does not teach critical-thinking (批判思维) and problem-solving skills,” said Jenna Lyle, “This causes many problems, like copying others’ writing without permission. Also, since ChatGPT learns from the Internet, it sometimes repeats (重复) unfair ideas about certain groups of people.” 21．The writer starts the passage by ________. A．comparing facts B．making a survey C．giving an example D．explaining reasons 22．Paragraph 3 is mainly about the ________ of ChatGPT. A．uses B．future C．problems D．challenges 23．Some schools in the US banned the use of ChatGPT because ________. A．teachers worry about their students’ health B．students can’t bring their phones to school C．students may use it to cheat on homework D．students use it to take notes in class 24．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1  ②=Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 25．Which part of a magazine is the passage from? A．Beauty. B．Technology. C．History. D．Nature. 【答案】21．C 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．B 【导语】本文介绍了美国OpenAI公司开发的人工智能工具ChatGPT，阐述了其功能、人们的使用场景，同时提及部分国家的学校禁止使用它的原因，以及它存在的一些问题。 21．细节理解题。根据“Type (输入) “A cat wants to go to space.” and ask a robot tool to write a bedtime story. Soon, you’ll get the story of Max, a cat who is on his way to sing among the stars.”可知，文章开头以“输入‘一只猫想上太空’，让机器人工具写一个睡前故事，很快得到马克斯猫的故事”为例，引出ChatGPT这一工具，因此是通过举例开头。故选C。 22．主旨大意题。根据“Some use it to write history articles and some ask it to take notes or get advice...”可知，本段列举了人们使用ChatGPT的多种场景（写历史文章、做笔记、获取社交建议等），因此主要讲述的是它的“用途（uses）”。故选A。 23．细节理解题。根据“some schools in the US... have banned the use of ChatGPT. Teachers worry that students might use it to cheat on homework.”可知，学校禁止使用是因为担心学生用它来完成作业作弊。故选C。 24．篇章结构题。①段：通过例子引出ChatGPT；②③段：介绍 ChatGPT 的功能和人们的使用场景；④⑤段：说明ChatGPT存在的问题及被部分学校禁止的原因。因此结构划分为①/②③/④⑤。故选B。 25．推理判断题。本文围绕人工智能工具ChatGPT展开，属于科技领域内容，因此最可能来自杂志的“科技（Technology）”板块。故选B。 Passage 2 （2025八年级下·湖北·期末）You might think math and art are very different. However, they have many surprising relations. Understanding these links can help students learn better by mixing different subjects. First, let’s talk about the golden ratio (比例), a special number in math. It’s about 1.618 and appears in many artworks. For example, artists use it to create balanced and beautiful paintings. Take Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa as an example. The way Mona Lisa is placed in the picture follows the golden ratio. When you learn about this ratio in math class and then see it in art, you understand both subjects more deeply. Geometry (几何学), another area of math, is also important in art. Shapes and angles help artists draw things that look real. In Leonardo da Vinci’s drawing Vitruvian Man, circles and squares show how math can measure (测量) the human body. By studying geometry in art, students learn to notice shapes more carefully. Besides, modern buildings also use geometric shapes creatively, like the spiral (螺旋形) design of the Guggenheim Museum. * Scientists use numbers to describe different colors. The RGB color model uses numbers for red, green, and blue. Artists use this to mix the right colors for their paintings. When students learn about color models in science and apply them in art, they become more creative. They can even use simple rules to pick colors for digital art, connecting technology, math, and art. Studying math and art together not only improves their skills in both subjects but also helps them to think in new ways. Next time you draw a picture or solve a math problem, remember: math and art are like two sides of one coin. 26．According to the passage, what can the golden ratio help artists do? A．Take beautiful photos. B．Create balanced paintings. C．Choose right colors. D．Measure the human body. 27．What is the main purpose of Paragraph 3? A．To show the history of geometry. B．To introduce Leonardo da Vinci’s works. C．To explain how geometry helps in art. D．To compare different art styles. 28．Which of the following can be put in * . A．However, artists never use math in choosing colors. B．Math even plays a role in the world of colors. C．Students should learn more about colors in art class. D．Scientists and artists always work together. 29．What does the underlined word “apply” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Use. B．Change. C．Forget. D．Teach. 30．Which would be the best theme (主题) picture of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】26．B 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．D 【导语】本文探讨了数学与艺术的联系，通过黄金比例、几何学和色彩模型等例子，说明跨学科学习如何提升理解力和创造力。 26．细节理解题。根据第2段“For example, artists use it to create balanced and beautiful paintings.”可知，黄金比例帮助创作平衡的画作。故选B。 27．推理判断题。根据“Geometry (几何学), another area of math, is also important in art. Shapes and angles help artists draw things that look real....”及第3段可知，本段通过《维特鲁威人》和古根海姆博物馆等例子，说明几何学如何辅助艺术创作。故选C。 28．推理判断题。根据“Scientists use numbers to describe different colors. The RGB color model uses numbers for red, green, and blue.”可知，本段讲的是数学在色彩领域的应用，B项“数学甚至在色彩世界中也扮演着重要的角色。”符合语境。故选B。 29．词句猜测题。根据第4段“When students learn about color models in science and apply them in art, they become more creative. They can even use simple rules to pick colors for digital art, connecting technology, math, and art.”可知，这里讲的是学生是如何将色彩模型应用于艺术中的，“apply”表示“应用”。故选A。 30．推理判断题。全文围绕数学与艺术的交叉关系展开，强调两者结合的价值，D选项的图案同时包含几何、艺术、人的身体比例等元素，最能体现本篇文章主题，故选D。 Passage 3 （2025八年级下·湖北武汉·期末） Meet people from the past “Look in my eyes!” “Tell me why!” Have you found yourself listening to ancient people talking online these days? Creative vloggers are using an AI tool named Jimeng to bring famous people in old times, like Li Bai and Du Fu from the Tang Dynasty back to life. These videos use a more modern way to let ancient people “speak for themselves”. “The videos make me want to learn more about those important ancient people, such as Wen Zhengming and Tang Bohu. I didn’t know much about their stories before,” said Wang Jiayi, 15, from Shandong. Enjoy a driverless ride Robotaxi is a self-driving service created by Baidu, a well-known Chinese tech company. It uses advanced (先进的) technology like cameras and sensors to “see” the road. People don’t need to drive themselves. Just book a ride on your phone, and the self-driving car will pick you up and take you to the place safely. It saves time and makes traveling easier. According to the report, it can also help cut down the number of car accidents and deaths caused by careless drivers. _______________ Recently, OpenAI has introduced Sora, the latest tool in the AI space which can make vivid short videos from some keywords written by users. In education, it can help students better understand abstract (抽象的) knowledge. Sora in creative fields, like film-making and advertising, can cut costs and improve efficiency (效率). In healthcare, it provides realistic medical training scenes. However, Sora also brings problems like misinformation from deep fake videos. But overall, it offers more benefits (益处) for the development of society. 31．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news? A．SCIENCE. B．NATURE. C．SPORTS. D．CULTURE. 32．Which of the famous people may Wang Jiayi see in the fun videos?     ① Li Bai     ②Du Fu     ③Tang Bohu     ④ Wen Zhengming A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④ 33．What can we know about Robotaxi? A．It may cause more car crashes by mistake. B．The car has two eyes to see the road clearly. C．It helps to make people’s life easier and safer. D．It shows the slow development of technology. 34．What can be best heading for the third piece of news? A．Huge changes of AI B．Make a creative video C．Text-to-video programs D．Develop useful tools 35．What do the three tools in the news have in common? A．They are popular with users of all ages. B．They can cut costs and improve efficiency. C．They are all used to make videos and films. D．They benefit people in many different ways. 【答案】31．A 32．D 33．C 34．B 35．D 【导语】本文介绍了三种人工智能技术：用“姬梦”让古人“开口说话”的短视频、百度的无人驾驶服务Robotaxi，以及OpenAI推出的文本生成视频工具Sora，说明它们如何改善生活、提升效率并促进社会发展。 31．推理判断题。文章介绍的是三种人工智能技术的实际应用，属于科技类内容，应归入SCIENCE（科技）版块。故选A。 32．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The videos make me want to learn more about those important ancient people, such as Wen Zhengming and Tang Bohu. I didn’t know much about their stories before,” said Wang Jiayi, 15, from Shandong.可知，王嘉怡在视频中可能看到的人包括③唐伯虎和④文征明。故选D。 33．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It saves time and makes traveling easier... it can also help cut down the number of car accidents and deaths”可知，Robotaxi可以让生活更便捷、更安全。故选C。 34．最佳标题题。根据第三段“OpenAI has introduced Sora… which can make vivid short videos from some keywords written by users”可知，该工具能通过关键词制作生动短视频，结合“in creative fields, like film-making and advertising, can cut costs and improve efficiency”可知，它用于创意视频制作，B项“Make a creative video”能准确概括其内容。故选B。 35．推理判断题。根据第一段“The videos make me want to learn more about those important ancient people...”，第二段“It saves time and makes traveling easier...”，第三段“In education... In creative fields... In healthcare...”可知，三种工具分别用于文化学习、智能出行和教育医疗等方面，“they benefit people in many different ways（它们在多个方面造福人类）”是三者的共同点。故选D。 主题03 人与自然——自然景观与动植物 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·湖北黄石·期末）There are many lakes in China. Today, let’s learn something about lakes. Lake TaiIt is a freshwater (淡水的) lake in Jiangsu. There is a Fishing Festival every year. Fishing lovers go to Lake Tai to fish and enjoy fishing. It is really a good place for fishing. Qiandao LakeIt is a clear freshwater lake with beautiful hills and green forests around it. There are many kinds of fish in the lake. You can’t see some of them in other places in China. Yangcheng LakeIt is between Lake Tai and the Yangtze River. It is a freshwater lake and is famous for one thing, Chinese mitten crabs (大闸蟹), a kind of Chinese crabs. Jinniu LakeIt is a man-made lake in Nanjing. People made it many years ago. In summer, the wind is cool. It is a good place to go for a walk in summer. 36．If you are a fishing lover, which lake can you go to for the Fishing Festival? A．Lake Tai. B．Qiandao Lake. C．Yangcheng Lake. D．Jinniu Lake. 37．What is Yangcheng Lake famous for? A．Fish. B．Fresh water. C．Chinese mitten crabs. D．Beautiful scenery. 38．Why is Jinniu Lake different from the other lakes? A．Because there are many kinds of fish in it. B．Because it is a man-made lake. C．Because it is a good place for fishing. D．Because it is a freshwater lake. 39．Which of the following is NOT true? A．Lake Tai is a freshwater lake. B．You can see many fish in Qiandao Lake. C．Yangcheng Lake is between Lake Tai and the Yangtze River. D．Jinniu Lake is a good place to have a walk in winter. 40．In which column (栏目) can you find the passage? A．sports B．health C．culture D．nature 【答案】36．A 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的四个湖泊：太湖、千岛湖、阳澄湖和金牛湖，包括它们的特点和特色。 36．细节理解题。根据“Lake Tai”部分中的“There is a Fishing Festival every year. Fishing lovers go to Lake Tai to fish and enjoy fishing.”可知，如果你是一个钓鱼爱好者，你可以去太湖参加钓鱼节。故选A。 37．细节理解题。根据“Yangcheng Lake”部分中的“It is a freshwater lake and is famous for one thing, Chinese mitten crabs (大闸蟹), a kind of Chinese crabs.”可知，阳澄湖以大闸蟹而闻名。故选C。 38．细节理解题。根据“Jinniu Lake”部分中的“It is a man-made lake in Nanjing.”可知，金牛湖与其他湖泊不同，因为它是人工湖。故选B。 39．推理判断题。根据“Jinniu Lake”部分中的“In summer, the wind is cool. It is a good place to go for a walk in summer.”可知，金牛湖是夏天散步的好地方，而不是冬天，因此D选项“金牛湖是冬天散步的好地方”是不正确的。故选D。 40．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了中国的四个湖泊及其特点，属于自然范畴，因此可以在“自然”栏目中找到这篇文章。故选D。 Passage 2 （2025八年级下·湖北十堰·期末）In winter, people often like to stay inside, but it is fun to go outside and get close to nature. Here are two activities. One is called “New Year Plant Hunt”. It is from December 29 to January 1. This activity invites people to go out and report which plants are flowering in their area. The results can help experts learn about the growth of plants in different places. They also help them understand the impact (影响) of climate change. The other activity is called “12 Days Wild”. From December 25 to January 5, people can do one thing about the wild a day. These things include watching or helping wildlife. If it is snowy, you can go on a winter walk and look for animals’ footprints. If it is too cold or wet to go outside, you can do some indoor activities. For example, you can draw some pictures about wildlife or make some New Year’s resolutions to help nature. If you want to have a try at either of these winter activities, you can look for more information about “New Year Plant Hunt” and “12 Days Wild” online. Through the activities, you can not only have fun but also learn more about wildlife. Come and enjoy the natural wonders of our amazing planet. 41．How long does the activity “New Year Plant Hunt” last? A．For 3 days. B．For 4 days. C．For 10 days. D．For 12 days. 42．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A．The flowers. B．The areas. C．The results. D．The changes. 43．What can people do in the second activity? ①Look for animals’ footprints. ②Draw pictures about wildlife. ③Make New Year’s resolutions. ④Write reports about plants’ growth. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 44．How can you learn more about the two activities? A．By going online. B．By talking with experts. C．By sending an email. D．By making a phone call. 45．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Come to save our planet B．Ways to stay warm in winter C．Winter activities to enjoy nature D．Work together to fight climate change 【答案】41．B 42．C 43．A 44．A 45．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了两项活动，一是“新年植物狩猎”，二是“12天的野外活动”，呼吁人们亲近大自然。 41．细节理解题。根据文中“It is from December 29 to January 1.”可知，该活动持续了四天。故选B。 42．词句猜测题。根据文中“The results can help experts learn about the growth of plants in different places. They also help them understand the impact (影响) of climate change.”可知，此处指的是这些结果的其他作用。因此，划线单词“They”应是指代前文中的“The results”。故选C。 43．细节理解题。根据文中“If it is snowy, you can go on a winter walk and look for animals’ footprints. If it is too cold or wet to go outside, you can do some indoor activities. For example, you can draw some pictures about wildlife or make some New Year’s resolutions to help nature.”可知，在第二项活动中人们可以寻找动物的脚印；画关于野生动物的画和制定新年计划。故选A。 44．细节理解题。根据文中“If you want to have a try at either of these winter activities, you can look for more information about ‘New Year Plant Hunt’ and ‘12 Days Wild’ online.”可知，可以上网了解更多关于这两项活动的信息。故选A。 45．最佳标题题。根据文中“In winter, people often like to stay inside, but it is fun to go outside and get close to nature. Here are two activities.”及下文中“One is called ‘New Year Plant Hunt’.”和“The other activity is called ‘12 Days Wild’.”可知，本文主要介绍了两项冬季活动，呼吁人们亲近自然。选项C“享受大自然的冬季活动”符合语境。故选C。 Passage 3 （2025八年级下·湖北武汉·期末） Folding When Touched    Have you ever seen a plant that seems shy? That’s Mimosa pudica. When touched, its leaves fold up fast, as if it’s feeling shy. Why does this happen? Each leaf has a special part called the “leaf pillow (叶枕)”. When you touch the leaves, the water inside this part quickly moves to other parts of the plant. With less water, it gets soft, causing the leaves to fold up. This also protects it from small animals that try to eat it. Storing Water inside Trunks     Have you ever heard of baobab trees? These trees have super-fat trunks (树干) that look like big bottles. They live in hot, dry places. So they store lots of water inside their trunks to stay alive. They are also among the longest-living plants. It’s said that they can live for thousands of years. These trees are also very useful. People can eat their sweet fruit. Also, the leaves can be used to make food or medicine. _________________     The epiphyllum, also known as the “beauty under the moon”, is truly a wonder. It only blooms (开花) at night with large beautiful white petals (花瓣). When it blooms, it gives off a sweet smell that fills the air. What makes it even more amazing is its short blooming time—it only lasts for about 3 to 4 hours. That’s why people use the saying “a flash in the pan” to describe something that’s beautiful but doesn’t last long. 46．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news? A．LIFESTYLE. B．WILDLIFE. C．WORLD． D．NATURE. 47．Why do the leaves of Mimosa pudica fold up when touched? A．Light makes its leaves fold. B．The plant is afraid of people. C．Water moves inside the plant. D．Small animals touch its leaves. 48．Baobab trees look different from other trees because ________. A．they can live for a very long time. B．their fruit gives off a nice smell. C．their trunks are like oversized bottles. D．they can store water for animals. 49．The best heading for the third piece of news would be ________. A．Growing in the Dark B．Blooming in a Flash C．Smelling Very Sweet D．Enjoying a Moment 50．What does the above news focus on? A．Amazing plants. B．New findings. C．Special flowers. D．Wild beauty. 【答案】46．D 47．C 48．C 49．B 50．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，分别介绍了含羞草被触碰时叶子会折叠、猴面包树树干能储存大量水分以及昙花夜间短时间开花这三种植物的特性。 46．推理判断题。主要介绍了含羞草、猴面包树和昙花这三种植物的特性，均属于自然界的植物相关内容。Nature意为“自然”，包含对自然界动植物等的介绍，因此可在报纸的自然版块读到这篇文章。故选D。 47．细节理解题。根据“When you touch the leaves, the water inside this part quickly moves to other parts of the plant. With less water, it gets soft, causing the leaves to fold up.”可知，含羞草的叶子被触碰时会折叠是因为植物内部的水分发生了移动。故选C。 48．细节理解题。根据“These trees have super-fat trunks (树干) that look like big bottles.”可知，猴面包树看起来与其他树不同是因为它们的树干像超大号的瓶子。故选C。 49．最佳标题题。根据“What makes it even more amazing is its short blooming time—it only lasts for about 3 to 4 hours. That’s why people use the saying “a flash in the pan” to describe something that’s beautiful but doesn’t last long.”可知，第三部分主要介绍了昙花开花时间很短这一特点，“Blooming in a Flash”能准确概括该内容。故选B。 50．主旨大意题。文章分别介绍了含羞草、猴面包树和昙花这三种各具特色的植物，重点在于这些令人惊奇的植物。故选A。 Passage 4 （2025八年级下·湖北武汉·期末）The United Nations (UN) has decided that 2025 is the year of glacier preservation (保护) . It has also set March 21, 2025 as the first yearly World Day for Glaciers. The goal is to encourage everyone to help save glaciers. Glaciers are made of ice and snow that slowly move over land. A glacier starts with a snowflake. Over time, the snow adds up and turns into glacier ice. Glaciers have shaped mountains and valleys over Earth’s history. They are still moving and changing land in many places today. ★ When glaciers melt (融化), they provide nutrients (养料) for lakes, rivers and oceans. These nutrients support the lives along the way and form a perfect food chain. In some places, glaciers even help create homes for plants and animals. The UN says there are about 200, 000 glaciers in the world, covering 10 percent of the land. They also hold 70 percent of earth’s fresh water. In areas like the Himalayas, millions of people depend on glaciers for water. These glaciers also feed big rivers, such as the Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra. Climate (气候) changes are leading to serious problems for glaciers. Many glaciers have disappeared. For example, Colombia has lost 90 percent of its glaciers since the mid-19th century. If temperatures rise by 1.5 to 4 degrees, glaciers could lose a lot of their weight by the year 2100. This would mean there will be less water for us to drink and farm, while floods may happen more often because of melting ice. It would also be bad for animals and humans. Also, when glaciers melt, it also changes how the sunlight is reflected (反射). This can make a big difference to the whole climate. So people from all over the world are trying out smart ways to help cool them down. 51．In which picture can we see glaciers? A． B． C． D． 52．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．Scientists are trying to slow down the melting. B．Glaciers are important for the life on the earth. C．Glaciers are melting quickly for many reasons. D．Human activities are the main cause of glaciers melting. 53．What big question does Paragraph 4 answer? A．How will many glaciers be lost? B．How can people care for glaciers? C．Where do glaciers come from? D．Why are glaciers disappearing? 54．According to the text, glaciers are NOT able to ________. A．make a difference to the whole climate B．make temperature rise and floods happen C．offer rich nutrients to human and wildlife D．feed big rivers, lakes and seas on the earth 55．What would the author write about after the last paragraph? A．The benefits of getting cool. B．The dangers of melting glaciers. C．The ways of protecting glaciers. D．The process of shaping glaciers. 【答案】51．A 52．B 53．D 54．B 55．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕冰川展开，介绍了冰川的形成、作用、面临的问题等。 51．细节理解题。根据“Glaciers are made of ice and snow that slowly move over land. A glacier starts with a snowflake.”可知，冰川由在陆地上缓慢移动的冰和雪构成。冰川始于一片雪花。选项A的图片符合，故选A。 52．推理判断题。根据“★”后面的内容“When glaciers melt (融化), they provide nutrients (养料) for lakes, rivers and oceans...These glaciers also feed big rivers, such as the Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra.”可知，本段主要阐述了冰川对地球上生命的重要性，故选B。 53．主旨大意题。根据“Climate (气候) changes are leading to serious problems for glaciers. Many glaciers have disappeared.”可知，第四段回答的是冰川为什么正在消失的问题，故选D。 54．细节理解题。根据“When glaciers melt (融化), they provide nutrients (养料) for lakes, rivers and oceans. … These glaciers also feed big rivers, such as the Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra.”以及“when glaciers melt, it also changes how the sunlight is reflected (反射). This can make a big difference to the whole climate.”可知，冰川融化会带来洪水等问题，而不是使温度上升和引发洪水，故选B。 55．推理判断题。文章前面介绍了冰川的重要性、面临消失的问题及带来的影响，最后一段提到人们在尝试让冰川降温，接下来应该会写保护冰川的方法，故选C。 Passage 5 （2025八年级下·湖北武汉·期末） The Dead Sea could die     I’m not a sea but a lake. And I’m not dead. In fact, I’ve got many plants and animals. I’m saltier than any sea, so people can lie on my surface. Rivers flow into me. But now people take too much water from them. My water level is going down. I am becoming smaller year by year. Take less water, or I’ll dry up within the next 100 years. Then I really will be dead! Rainforest—forest rain I’m the rainforest of Madagascar. As my name suggests, I make rain for my plants and animals, such as monkeys, snakes and many kinds of flowers. For 80% of them, I’m their only home in the world. However, people are cutting down my trees for wood and to make space for farming. Please stop it. I’m disappearing. If Frozen turns into Waterworld... I’m a glacier (冰川) at the Glacier National Park in America. It’s a land full of ice and snow. Do you want to explore the white world in the film Frozen? Then my home is the best choice. Two hundred years ago, there were about 150 glaciers. But now, there are around 25. Please stop climate change. I’m turning into Waterworld! 56．The water level of the Dead Sea going down because ________. A．people take too much water from the rivers flowing into it B．the sun is too hot and the water goes quickly C．too many people lie on its surface every day D．many plants and animals live in it 57．What are people doing to the rainforest of Madagascar? A．Building homes for animals. B．Catching monkeys and snakes. C．Making rain for plants and animals. D．Cutting down trees for farming space. 58．What can readers know from the passages? A．The Dead sea is a salt lake with no living things. B．Glacier National Park has more glaciers than before. C．Madagascar’s rainforest provides homes for many species. D．People in these areas have taken enough action to protect nature. 59．Which might be another title for the third passage? A．A Glacier’s Story: From 150 to 25. B．Exploring the White World in Frozen. C．How to Visit Glacier National Park. D．The Disappearing Glaciers in America. 60．What do the three passages have in common? A．About places in Africa. B．About nature in trouble. C．About animals’ daily life. D．About making money from nature. 【答案】56．A 57．D 58．C 59．D 60．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了三个自然环境面临的危机，包括死海的水位下降、马达加斯加的雨林被砍伐以及美国冰川国家公园的冰川融化。 56．细节理解题。根据“Rivers flow into me. But now people take too much water from them. My water level is going down.”可知，死海水位下降是因为人们从流入它的河流中取走太多的水。故选A。 57．细节理解题。根据“However, people are cutting down my trees for wood and to make space for farming. Please stop it. I’m disappearing.”可知，人们砍伐树木是为了木材和开辟耕地。故选D。 58．细节理解题。根据“As my name suggests, I make rain for my plants and animals, ...For 80% of them, I’m their only home in the world.”可知，马达加斯加雨林是许多物种的家园。故选C。 59．最佳标题题。通读第三段文字可知，本段讲的是美国冰川公园的冰川数量从200年前的约150条减少到如今的25条，强调冰川正在消失。选项D“美国正在消失的冰川。”能很好概括。故选D。 60．推理判断题。通读全文可知，三段文字分别讲述了死海、马达加斯加雨林和美国冰川都面临的危机，核心问题都是“自然环境受到威胁”。故选B。 主题04 人与社会——沟通交流 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·湖北荆州·期末）①Do you find it hard to say “no” when someone asks you for help? Do you feel sorry when you have to tell people that you really can’t help them? And do you often pretend (假装) to agree with people even though you think differently? If you answered “yes” to these questions, you may be a “people-pleaser”. ②Being friendly and helpful is a good thing. It helps you build friendships. However, trying to please others without considering your own happiness can make you stressed. Luckily, there are some steps that you can take to stop being a people-pleaser. ③To start with, it’s important to know your limits and make “boundaries (界限)” in your life. Be clear about what you would like to do. You can also tell others that you are only available for a certain period of time. ④When someone asks you for help, tell him or her that you need some time to think about it. Use this time to ask yourself: Do you really want to do this? How much time will it take? By giving yourself some time to think, you’ll be better able to truly decide if it’s something you have the interest and time to do. ⑤People always try to please others because they have little confidence (自信) in themselves. They don’t consider their own need and interest. In this situation, you can try meaningful self-talk. Remind yourself that you have dreams, too. You don’t have to waste your time to do things that don’t bring you joy. ⑥Making a sudden change can be hard, so start by taking small steps. You may, for example, send a message to say “no”. Then, continue to say “no” face to face. Practice this in kinds of situations, such as talking to a salesperson or ordering at a restaurant. ⑦Stopping being a people-pleaser doesn’t mean you have to give up being kind and helpful altogether. You can still do good things, but on your own situations. 61．The writer starts the passage by ________. A．giving examples B．asking questions C．telling stories D．answering questions 62．According to the passage, what can people do to stop being a people-pleaser? a. Set limits in your life.                        b. Consider others’ interest. c. Build up confidence.                         d. Start by taking small steps. A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd 63．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 64．The writer wrote the passage most probably to ________. A．advise us not always to please others B．help us build confidence in ourselves C．encourage us to help people in need D．make us be clear about our dreams 65．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The ways to be a people-pleaser. B．The steps to stop being a people-pleaser. C．The meanings of being a people-pleaser. D．The importance of being a people-pleaser. 【答案】61．B 62．C 63．B 64．A 65．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讨论了“讨好型人格”的表现及其负面影响，并提出了停止讨好他人的具体步骤。 61．细节理解题。根据第①段“Do you find it hard to say ‘no’ when someone asks you for help? Do you feel sorry when you have to tell people that you really can’t help them? And do you often pretend (假装) to agree with people even though you think differently?”可知，作者以提问的方式开始这篇文章。故选B。 62．细节理解题。根据第③段“To start with, it’s important to know your limits and make “boundaries (界限)” in your life.”可知，要设定生活的界限；根据第⑤段“People always try to please others because they have little confidence (自信) in themselves.”可知，要建立自信；根据第⑥段“Making a sudden change can be hard, so start by taking small steps.”可知，从小事做起。综上，正确组合为acd，故选C。 63．篇章结构题。①段：提出问题，引入主题；②段：转折指出过度讨好的危害，引出解决方法；③—⑥段：具体步骤 (设限、思考时间、建立自信、从小事开始)；⑦段：总结 (不必完全放弃友善)。B选项符合该结构，故选B。 64．推理判断题。全文围绕“如何停止讨好他人”展开，如第②段“trying to please others...can make you stressed”及第⑦段“Stopping being a people-pleaser doesn’t mean...give up being kind”。作者旨在建议读者不要过度讨好他人。故选A。 65．主旨大意题。全文重点在③—⑥段提出的具体解决步骤 (设限、思考时间等)，核心是“如何停止讨好行为”。故选B。 Passage 2 （2025八年级下·湖北随州·期末）Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents. However, it is not true. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it’s hard for you to communicate with your parents, don’t worry about it. Here is some advice for you to bridge the generation gap (代沟). Don’t argue with your parents. Don’t get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won’t consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. And you can’t express yourself well if you are angry. Go somewhere to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don’t think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter. Try to reach a compromise (和解). Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael’s mother didn’t agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to a compromise. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days. Of course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong. Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try! 66．Your parents probably won’t consider your ideas if you ________. A．don’t get to them often B．write a letter to them C．don’t speak to them politely D．express yourself well 67．What are good ways to bridge the generation gap? ①Don’t argue with your parents.  ②Try to reach a compromise.  ③Talk about your values.   ④Always agree with your parents. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 68．The underlined phrase “cool off ” in the passage means “________”. A．calm down B．stay away from C．come down D．put off 69．How can you reach a compromise with your parents according to the passage? A．Have a talk with them often. B．Keep away from them. C．Agree with them all the time. D．Show respect to them. 70．What is the best title for the passage? A．A Generation Gap B．Show Love and Respect to Children C．Good Ways to Bridge the Generation Gap D．Serious Problems in Families Today 【答案】66．C 67．A 68．A 69．D 70．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何消除父母与孩子之间的代沟问题，并提供了具体的建议。 66．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Your parents probably won’t consider your ideas if you are shouting at them.”可推知，不礼貌地说话会导致父母不考虑你的想法。故选C。 67．细节理解题。根据文章内容，消除代沟的建议包括：①不要与父母争吵（第二段“Don’t argue with your parents”）；②尝试达成和解（第三段“Try to reach a compromise”）；③谈论你的价值观（第四段“Talk about your values”）。而“④总是同意父母的观点”并未提及，且与和解（compromise）矛盾。故选A。 68．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“And you can’t express yourself well if you are angry.”以及“Make sure you understand why you are unhappy.”可推知，“cool off”意为“冷静下来”。故选A。 69．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Showing respect will keep your relationship strong.”可推知，与父母达成和解的方式是表现出尊重。故选D。 70．最佳标题题。文章主要围绕消除代沟的具体方法展开，如避免争吵、达成妥协、交流价值观等。因此，“消除代沟的好方法”是最佳标题。故选C。 Passage 3 （2025八年级下·湖北襄阳·期末）Do you know that we also do communication with ourselves from time to time? Picture this: Your mom asks you what you would like for breakfast. Many foods come to your mind: pancakes, bread, porridge... Until you tell your mom what you want to eat, you are communicating with yourself. We call it interpersonal communication (自我沟通). This can be talking with classmates, reading books, writing your homework, thinking to ourselves, understanding a difficult math problem, and remembering something. Interpersonal communication plays a big role in our lives. Good interpersonal communication allows you to understand yourself better. When you’re comfortable with who you are, and you know what you want, you can better get on with yourself. Also, interpersonal communication helps you to keep an eye on your thoughts and feelings. When you find that your mind is full of negative (负面) thoughts and feelings, and they make you sad, you will try to cheer up and forget about these unhappy things. What’s more, interpersonal communication helps with your communication with others at school. Understanding your thoughts and feelings better allows you to put yourself in others’ shoes when you talk to or listen to them. Then, you can better understand and get on with them. 71．How does the writer begin to explain his idea in Paragraph 1? A．By showing some facts. B．By providing numbers. C．By giving an example. D．By asking and answering a question. 72．How many ways do we have interpersonal communication in Paragraph 2? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 73．What can we learn from Paragraph 3 and 4? A．The right ways of interpersonal communication. B．The good points of interpersonal communication. C．The problems of interpersonal communication. D．The rules of interpersonal communication. 74．What does the writer want to tell us by using “put yourself in others’ shoes” ? A．To improve yourself. B．To learn from lessons. C．To be frightened or nervous. D．To be in someone else’s situation. 75．Who is this passage written to? A．A worker at school B．A student at school C．A doctor at hospital D．A nurse at hospital 【答案】71．C 72．C 73．B 74．D 75．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了自我沟通的概念、形式及其重要性。 71．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Do you know that we also do communication with ourselves from time to time? Picture this: Your mom asks you what you would like for breakfast...”可知，作者通过举例的方式引入主题。故选C。 72．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“This can be talking with classmates, reading books, writing your homework, thinking to ourselves, understanding a difficult math problem, and remembering something.”可知，共列举了6种自我沟通的方式。故选C。 73．主旨大意题。根据文章第3段“Good interpersonal communication allows you to understand yourself better...”和第4段“What’s more, interpersonal communication helps with your communication with others...”可知，这两段主要讲述了自我沟通的好处。故选B。 74．词句猜测题。根据文章第4段“put yourself in others’ shoes”的上下文“Understanding your thoughts and feelings better allows you to... when you talk to or listen to them.”可知，此处意为“站在他人的角度思考”。故选D。 75．推理判断题。根据文章第4段“helps with your communication with others at school”及全文内容可知，本文主要针对学生群体，讲述自我沟通在学校生活中的作用。故选B。 主题01 人与社会——中共文化 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·湖北宜昌·期末）Wuhan hot dry noodles, or Reganmian, are one of the most popular breakfast foods in China. They are made from fresh noodles mixed with sesame paste, soy sauce (酱油), and other tasty ingredients. Many people in Wuhan start their day with a bowl of hot dry noodles because they are delicious and cheap. What makes hot dry noodles unique is their special smell and flavor (风味). The sesame paste gives the noodles a rich taste, while the chili oil adds a little something different. Some people also like to add pickled vegetables (泡菜) or green onions for wonderful flavor. Every bite makes you want to eat more! I first tried hot dry noodles when I visited Wuhan last year. At first, I was unsure about the dark color, but after one bite, I fell in love with them. The owner of the noodle shop taught me how to mix the noodles properly so that every part would be covered with sauce. It was an unforgettable experience! Now, whenever I think of Wuhan, I remember the wonderful taste of hot dry noodles. They are not just food but also a part of the city’s culture. If you have a visit to Wuhan some day, don’t forget to try this amazing dish! 1．Which do you think is “the sesame paste” like most? A． B． C． D． 2．Why do people in Wuhan like eating Reganmian? A．Because they are expensive. B．Because they are pickled. C．Because they are tasty. D．Because they are dark. 3．Wuhan hot dry noodles are special because of ________. A．the smell and flavor B．the fresh ingredients C．the cheap onions D．the popular sauce 4．What did the writer think of the journey to Wuhan? A．Exciting B．Important. C．Unforgettable. D．Unbelievable 5．Which part of the TV program is the passage probably from? A．News and Amusement. B．Sports and Stars. C．Humans and Nature. D．Food and Culture. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了武汉热干面的制作原料、独特的气味和风味、作者品尝热干面的经历，以及热干面不仅是一种食物，更是武汉城市文化的一部分，还建议人们到武汉时尝试这道美食。 1．推理判断题。根据文章可知，sesame paste是一种能给面条带来浓郁味道的酱料，类似于一种浓稠且风味独特的糊状物，为面条增添丰富口感。所以B选项图片符合。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Many people in Wuhan start their day with a bowl of hot dry noodles because they are delicious and cheap.”可知，武汉人喜欢热干面是因为它们既美味又便宜。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“What makes hot dry noodles unique is their special smell and flavor (风味).”可知，武汉热干面的特别之处在于它的气味和风味。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“It was an unforgettable experience!”可知，作者认为武汉之行是难忘的。故选C。 5．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了武汉热干面这一美食，以及它与武汉城市文化的联系，因此可能来自电视节目中的美食与文化部分。故选D。 Passage 2 （2025八年级下·湖北武汉·期末）The Chinese animation (动画) Ne Zha: Demon Child Conquers the Sea (also called Ne Zha 2) has broken global records of animation. This shows the growing success and future of China’s film industry (产业), as reported by China Daily. One of the main reasons why Ne Zha 2 is popular is its amazing visuals (视觉效果) and exciting storyline. The film includes 2,427 scenes, with 1,948 needing special effects (特效)—a huge job for any team. As a result, 138 Chinese animation studios (large or small) and over 4,000 professionals (专业人士) worked on the project, Beijing Daily reported. Red Whale Studios from Suzhou played an important role in finishing a quarter of the making of the film—a team of 160 artists worked day and night for 26 months to create exciting scenes. Yang Yu (also known as Jiaozi) shared that they considered using foreign teams for special effects at first, but the results didn’t bring them satisfaction. ★ A great example is Fantawild Animation from Shenzhen. It created the breathtaking waterfall in the forest fighting scene. Waterfalls are challenging to animate because of their size and always changing movement. To make it look real, the team used best technology with 50 high-powered computers. In the movie, Ne Zha says, “If there’s no way ahead, I will create one.” Similarly, the 138 Chinese animation studios joined forces to push Chinese animation, showing the industry’s talent and creativity. 6．What does “this” refer to? A．The achievement of Ne Zha 2. B．The report by China Daily. C．The Chinese film industry. D．The future of animation. 7．The numbers in paragraph 2 show the making of the film is ________. A．long B．important C．hard D．exciting 8．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．And he invited more foreign teams. B．So the film took more time to finish. C．So he turned to Chinese teams. D．And Chinese teams refused the film. 9．Which words can best describe the Chinese teams working on Ne Zha 2? ①creative      ②traditional      ③friendly      ④talented      ⑤skilled A．①②③ B．①④⑤ C．②④⑤ D．③④⑤ 10．Which picture best shows how Ne Zha 2 could succeed? A． B． C． D． 【答案】6．A 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲了《哪吒之魔童闹海》打破全球动画纪录，其成功得益于138家中国动画工作室及4000多名专业人士的合作，展现了中国动画产业的人才与创造力，也体现了中国动画在技术和制作上的努力与进步。 6．词句猜测题。根据“The Chinese animation (动画) Ne Zha: Demon Child Conquers the Sea (also called Ne Zha 2) has broken global records of animation. This shows the growing success and future of China’s film industry (产业), as reported by China Daily.”可知，“this”指代《哪吒之魔童闹海》取得的成就。故选A。 7．推理判断题。根据“The film includes 2,427 scenes, with 1,948 needing special effects (特效)—a huge job for any team.”可知，这些数字表明电影制作很艰难。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据“Yang Yu (also known as Jiaozi) shared that they considered using foreign teams for special effects at first, but the results didn’t bring them satisfaction.”以及后文介绍中国团队参与制作，可知此处应是说转向中国团队。故选C。 9．细节理解题。根据“the 138 Chinese animation studios joined forces to push Chinese animation, showing the industry’s talent and creativity.”以及制作过程体现出的专业技能，可知①creative（有创造力的 ）、④talented（有天赋的 ）、⑤skilled（熟练的 ）符合，故选B。 10．推理判断题。根据“138 Chinese animation studios (large or small) and over 4,000 professionals (专业人士) worked on the project”以及“the 138 Chinese animation studios joined forces to push Chinese animation”可知，众多中国动画工作室合作促成影片成功，D图体现团队合作，符合文意。故选D。 Passage 3 （2025八年级下·湖北荆门·期末）Three years ago, a group of college students started a fashion factory that used AI (人工智能) to design traditional Chinese clothing known as qipao. The team is called Linchun Jieqi, which means “spring is coming” and “very pretty”. It has 15 young designers. The team leader is a 19-year-old girl, Cai Chenhan. It sold thousands of qipao in the first three years, and even some qipao were sold abroad. Cai grew up in a family that made qipao, learning the skills from her mother and grandmother. Her dream was always to be a designer, so she chose to study design: to continue the family tradition. All the team members are young people. They bring modern factors (因素) and beautiful designs to traditional qipao, making it catch young people’s eye more easily. They use new skills to create beautiful pictures and styles. Most of Cai’s team members are her classmates. They work together with foreign students on fashion projects. They use international students as models at school fashion shows. Their success came from creating a large database (数据库) of qipao designs. Traditionally, pictures were hand-drawn. Now, they train AI models to make new designs. This sped up the design process from weeks to days. Cai’s qipao can be bought in eight countries now, with stores mainly in Southeast Asia. Customers can order custom-made qipao, choose pictures online and get it in a few days. The team’s influence has spread to other universities in Hangzhou. Every quarter around the world, many people try to host qipao festivals and cultural exchange events in different universities. “Our goal is to truly spread the beauty of qipao, and bring new life to the traditional Chinese culture.” Cai said. 11．How old is the leader of the team? A．15. B．19. C．20. D．22. 12．What do we know about Cai’s factory? A．It has more than 15 young designers. B．It owns many stores mainly in East Asia. C．It sold hundreds of qipao in three years. D．It used many international students as models. 13．Why did Cai choose to study design? A．To become a famous model. B．To learn a new skill for living. C．To continue her family tradition. D．To meet more customers’ needs. 14．What does the underlined word “sped up” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．降低 B．加速 C．升高 D．减速 15．What’s the writer’s main purpose (目的) of writing the passage? A．To call on young people to set up more factories. B．To tell the wonderful life story of a new designer. C．To explain how a factory improved its speed of making qipao. D．To show a team’s new way of designing traditional Chinese clothes. 【答案】11．B 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文讲述了一个由大学生组成的“临春节气”团队如何将AI技术应用于传统旗袍设计。 11．细节理解题。根据“The team leader is a 19-year-old girl, Cai Chenhan.”可知，团队领导者十九岁。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据“They use international students as models at school fashion shows.”可知，它以许多国际学生为模特。故选D。 13．细节理解题。根据“Her dream was always to be a designer, so she chose to study design: to continue the family tradition.”可知，她选择学习设计是为了延续她的家族传统。故选C。 14．词句猜测题。根据“Now, they train AI models to make new designs. This sped up the design process from weeks to days.”可知，AI将设计流程从几周缩短到几天，所以划线词意为“加速”。故选B。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述这个年轻团队如何用AI创新旗袍设计，既传承传统又吸引年轻人，所以作者的主要目的是展示一个团队设计中国传统服装的新方法。故选D。 Passage 4 （2025八年级下·湖北·期末）Built over 2,200 years ago in the Qin Dynasty, the Dujiangyan Irrigation System (都江堰水利工程) is one of the oldest and most famous water projects in the world. In ancient times, the Min River often flooded (during rainy seasons in the Chengdu Plain (成都平原)). In order to make better use of the river water and solve the problem of floods and droughts (干旱), the Dujiangyan Irrigation System was built in 256 BC, which was designed by ancient Chinese engineer Li Bing. The system divides the Min River into two parts: the inner part and the outer part, which play different roles in dry and rainy seasons. During dry seasons, 60% of the river water runs into the inner part to water farms. In rainy seasons, the outer part carries 60% of the water, protecting the Chengdu Plain against floods. By changing the river way, the system cleverly controls the water. However, as water keeps running through, it leaves behind-lots of silt. So, it’s necessary to dig and clean the riverbed every year. When Dujiangyan was first built, Li Bing put Shima (stone horse) in the riverbed. It served as a ruler and told people how deep to dig when cleaning the riverbed. In Ming Dynasty, the first Wotie (lying iron stick) appeared and took the place of Shima. In dry seasons, people cleaned away part of the earth and sand from the riverbed. When they dug down and reached the Wotie, they knew they could stop. The tradition of digging the riverbed has been lasting for over 2,000 years. People continued to repair Dujiangyan, and new Woties were placed in the riverbed. Today, four Woties lie side by side underwater, which were made in different ages from Ming Dynasty to the new China. Although workers have better tools now, these iron sticks are still powerful symbols of ancient wisdom (智慧). They carry ancient people’s messages through over 2, 000 years, which are passed down to modern and future generations (一代人) . 16．Which is true about the Dujiangyang Irrigation System? A．It is less than 2,000 years old. B．It was built by Chinese engineer Li Bing. C．It stops the Min River. D．It helps control the water from the Min River. 17．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Where the river water goes. B．How Dujiangyan works. C．How much water the Min River has. D．What the Min River looks like. 18．The underlined word “silt” in paragraph 3 refers to ________. A．earth and sand B．digging tools C．broken wood and leaves D．water plants 19．Which can we find in the Dujiangyan riverbed today according to the passage? A． B． C． D． 20．What could be the best title for the passage? A．Introduction to Dujingyan Water System B．Explanation of Flood Controlling Technology C．Examples of Riverbed Cleaning Tools D．Discussion of Chinese Ancient Tools 【答案】16．D 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．A 【导语】本文围绕都江堰展开，涵盖其历史背景、设计建造、运作原理、维护传统及历史意义，是对该工程的全面介绍。 16．细节理解题。根据第一段“In order to make better use of the river water and solve the problem of floods and droughts (干旱), the Dujiangyan Irrigation System was built in 256 BC, which was designed by ancient Chinese engineer Li Bing.”可知，都江堰水利工程通过改变河道、调节枯雨季水量分配，实现了对岷江水的调控。故选D。 17．段落大意题。根据第二段“The system divides (the Min River into two parts: the inner part and the outer part, which play different roles in dry and rainy seasons. During dry seasons, 60% of the river water runs into the inner part to water farms. In rainy seasons, the outer part carries 60% of the water, protecting the Chengdu Plain against floods. By changing the river way, the system cleverly controls the water.”可知，本文具体描述了都江堰将岷江分为内江和外江，在枯水期和雨季分别通过不同的水量分配发挥作用，核心是解释其运作机制。故选B。 18．词义猜测题。根据第三段“However, as water keeps running through, it leaves behind-lots of silt. So, it’s necessary to dig and clean the riverbed every year. ”可知，每年需要挖掘清理河床，由此可知“silt”意为水流带来的泥沙。故选A。 19．细节理解题。根据第三段“Today, four Woties lie side by side underwater, which were made in different ages from Ming Dynasty to the new China.”可知，如今，四根卧铁并排躺在水下，它们制作于从明代到新中国的不同时期。故选C。 20．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文围绕都江堰展开，涵盖其历史背景、设计建造、运作原理、维护传统及历史意义，是对该工程的全面介绍。故最佳标题为：都江堰水利工程的介绍。故选A。 Passage 5 （2025八年级下·湖北随州·期末） Baduanjin Baduanjin, a kind of slow-moving qigong, can go back to the Song Dynasty. Ba means “eight”, duan means “pieces”, and jin means something beautiful like silk. There are eight movements (动作) . People are like beautiful silk when they’re doing the sport. Baduanjin is easy to learn, and doesn’t take much space or time. It used to be popular with the old people. However, more and more young Chinese have fallen in love with it. After they spend hours sitting in front of the computer, doing Baduanjin is a good choice to help them relax and sleep well. They also believe that it will make thin people strong and fat people lose weight if they keep practicing it at least once a day. Tai Chi Chuan Tai Chi Chuan, also known as Tai Chi, is a very special Chinese martial (军事的) art that has a long history. It started from the ancient Taoist (道教) ideas of harmony (和谐) and balance. Tai Chi uses slow and smooth movements to make our bodies strong and flexible (柔软的). It also helps us breathe deeply and feel relaxed. Practicing Tai Chi is like doing a dance or yoga. It’s fun and easy to learn. It can help us focus our minds and improve our balance. It’s also a great way to stay healthy and happy. Nowadays, many people around the world enjoy practicing Tai Chi. It has become very popular. Whether you’re a kid or an adult, Tai Chi is a great choice for you to stay healthy and strong! 21．In which picture can we see Tai Chi? A． B． C． D． 22．According to the text “Baduanjin”, Paragraph 1 talks about . A．the use of the name B．the introduction of the name C．the kinds of the sport D．the ways of the sport 23．What is the idea of Tai Chi? A．Slow movements. B．Body’s practice. C．Harmony and balance. D．Weight and height. 24．What do these two sports have in common? A．They are only popular with Chinese people. B．They are very useful for the thin or fat people. C．They can help you a lot to lose weight. D．They can help you relaxed and healthy. 25．Where are the passages most probably from? A．Science website. B．Sports magazine. C．Travel guide. D．Fun newspaper. 【答案】21．D 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了八段锦和太极拳两种中国传统运动。 21．推理判断题。根据“Tai Chi uses slow and smooth movements to make our bodies strong and flexible. It also helps us breathe deeply and feel relaxed.”和“Practicing Tai Chi is like doing a dance or yoga.”可知，太极拳通过缓慢而流畅的动作使我们的身体强壮灵活。它还有助于我们深呼吸，感到放松。练习太极就像跳舞或瑜伽。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据“Ba means ‘eight’, duan means ‘pieces’, and jin means something beautiful like silk. There are eight movements ”可知，是在解释“八段锦”这个名字的含义。故选B。 23．细节理解题。根据“It started from the ancient Taoist ideas of harmony and balance.”可知，太极拳的主要思想是和谐与平衡。故选C。 24．细节理解题。根据“After they spend hours sitting in front of the computer, doing Baduanjin is a good choice to help them relax and sleep well. They also believe that it will make thin people strong and fat people lose weight if they keep practicing it at least once a day.”和“Tai Chi uses slow and smooth movements to make our bodies strong and flexible. It also helps us breathe deeply and feel relaxed.”可知，这两项运动都可以帮助人们放松和健康。故选D。 25．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了八段锦和太极拳两种中国传统运动，所以最有可能来自一本体育杂志。故选B。 主题02 人与社会——城市与旅游 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·湖北宜昌·期末）①To tourists, “Citywalk” means wandering (漫游) around the city on foot. People can go a special way. They can visit the old buildings, go to the local shops, have a cup of coffee or try tasty local food. ②Citywalk can be a special guided trip for a small group of people. The trip has one key point: avoiding (避开) famous places of interest and big crowds to have a deeper experience of the places you visit. ③In China, Citywalk is spreading (蔓延) from big cities like Beijing and Shanghai to smaller cities. Some organizers invite culture researchers and lovers to act as tour guides. Yimei is a young girl in Changsha. Recently, she shared six Citywalk plans in different cities on the Internet to provide experiences for visitors to “walk in open-air museums”. ④Her Changsha route (路线) includes more special views, such as historical buildings from the 19th century and old streets. They even stop to taste the local food along the way. Yimei said her group is usually made up of about twelve people. Her events last about half a day. As we can see, Citywalk offers people a new way to make friends. ⑤Citywalk is offering a positive change to travellers as they can better choose the experiences according to their taste and needs. At the same time, Citywalk brings a chance (机会) to tour guides and travel service providers to offer a more professional (专业的) service. 26．Which of the following activities can be called a Citywalk? A．Taking a bus ride in Changsha. B．Visiting the Great Wall in Beijing. C．Having fun in Disneyland in Shanghai. D．Finding local food on the streets of Wuhan. 27．According to the passage, what do we know about Yimei? A．She takes tourists to visit modern buildings. B．She may be a travel service provider in Changsha. C．She has planned six Citywalk routes in Changsha. D．She works with twelve people for a whole day every time. 28．What does the underlined word “positive” in Paragraph5 mean? A．Terrible. B．Rapid. C．Useful. D．Strange. 29．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．People can make more friends by Citywalk. B．Yimei must be good at cooking and geography. C．Citywalk will be the most popular way of traveling. D．Old people will never walk together through the streets. 30．Which is the best structure (结构) of this passage? (1= Paragraph 1, 2= Paragraph 2…) A．①②-③-④⑤ B．①-②③④⑤ C．①-②-③④-⑤ D．①-②③-④⑤ 【答案】26．D 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“城市漫步（Citywalk）”这一新兴旅游方式的特点、在中国的发展情况以及其带来的积极影响。 26．细节理解题。根据第一段“To tourists, ‘Citywalk’ means wandering around the city on foot. People can go a special way. They can visit the old buildings, go to the local shops, have a cup of coffee or try tasty local food.”可知，Citywalk是指步行游览城市，包括参观老建筑、逛当地商店、品尝当地美食等活动。D选项“在武汉的街道上寻找当地美食”符合Citywalk的定义。故选D。 27．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Some organizers invite culture researchers and lovers to act as tour guides. Yimei is a young girl in Changsha.”和第四段“Yimei said her group is usually made up of about twelve people. Her events last about half a day.”可知，Yimei在长沙组织Citywalk活动，每次活动大约持续半天，由约十二人组成。由此可推断，她可能是长沙的旅游服务提供者。故选B。 28．词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“Citywalk is offering a positive change to travellers as they can better choose the experiences according to their taste and needs.”可知，Citywalk为旅行者提供了根据个人口味和需求选择体验的机会，这是一种有益的变化。因此，positive在此处意为“有益的”。故选C。 29．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“As we can see, Citywalk offers people a new way to make friends.”可知，Citywalk为人们提供了一种新的交友方式。由此可推断，人们可以通过Citywalk结交更多朋友。故选A。 30．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段介绍了Citywalk的定义；第二段介绍了Citywalk的特点；第三段和第四段通过Yimei的例子介绍了Citywalk在中国的发展情况；第五段总结了Citywalk带来的积极影响。因此，文章的最佳结构为①-②-③④-⑤。故选C。 Passage 2 （2025八年级下·湖北孝感·期末）①China is a country in East Asia. It is large in many ways. More than 1.4 billion people live here. That’s about 20% of all the people on the Earth! And China is the third largest country by total area in the world. It covers about 3.7 million square miles. ②This large country has many different kinds of land. It has some very low areas of land. In fact, the second lowest point on the Earth is in China. It is Ayding Lake in the Turpan Basin (吐鲁番盆地). Other parts of China have mountains. For example, the Himalayas run along southwestern part of China. Part of the Himalayas in the country’s west has the world’s highest mountains. ③The snow in the mountains is a source (源头) of many rivers. In fact, the snow makes two of China’s most important rivers. They are the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. The Yellow River is China’s second longest river. It is very special to the Chinese people, as it was the starting place of Chinese civilization (文明). The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and the third longest river in the world! In fact, China has not only thousands of rivers, but also large deserts and rainforests. So visitors can enjoy diverse landscapes (地形) in this country! ④All in all, China is really amazing and special with huge size, big population,  different landscapes and so on. Whether you love exploring nature or learning about history, China welcomes you with open arms. It’s a place you’ll never forget! 31．According to Paragraph 1, the writer describes how large China is by________. A．asking questions B．telling a story C．giving an example D．showing numbers 32．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．The Himalayas are in southwest of China. B．The Yangtze River is the longest river in the world. C．The Yellow River is the starting place of Chinese civilization. D．Ayding Lake in the Turpan Basin is the second lowest point on Earth. 33．What does the underlined word “diverse” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Different. B．Similar. C．Ancient. D．Wild. 34．What is the structure of the passage? (Paragraph 1=①…) A． B． C． D． 35．The passage is mainly about the_________ of China. A．art B．history C．geography D．tradition 【答案】31．D 32．B 33．A 34．B 35．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国各个方面的特点，如人口，地形，河流等。 31．细节理解题。根据“More than 1.4 billion people live here. That’s about 20% of all the people on the Earth! And China is the third largest country by total area in the world. It covers about 3.7 million square miles.”可知，作者通过给出数字来描述中国有多大。故选D。 32．细节理解题。根据第三段“The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and the third longest river in the world!”可知，长江是亚洲最长的河流，也是世界上第三长的河流。B选项“长江是世界上最长的河流。”表述错误。故选B。 33．词句猜测题。根据第三段“In fact, China has not only thousands of rivers, but also large deserts and rainforests. So visitors can enjoy diverse landscapes in this country!”可知，中国不仅有河流，还有大沙漠和雨林，所以游客可以在这个国家享受不同的风景。所以，这里diverse意为“不同的、多样的”。故选A。 34．篇章结构题。根据全文可知，文章第一段主要介绍介绍中国的人口和面积；第二段主要介绍中国的地形，第三段主要介绍中的河流；第四段总结。故选B。 35．主旨大意题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国各个方面的特点，如人口，地形，河流等。所以，这篇文章主要是关于中国的地理。故选C。 Passage 3 （2025八年级下·湖北·期末）Have you ever visited any traditional Chinese gardens? If you compare them with Western gardens, you may find that Chinese gardens look more natural. Chinese gardens have a long history. There used to be two main kinds of gardens: imperial (皇家的) gardens and private (私人的) gardens. Imperial gardens were for the emperors and their families, while private gardens were built by rich people. Both kinds of gardens were built for having a rest. The Summer Palace in Beijing is one of the most famous imperial gardens in China. There are over 3,000 ancient buildings and more than 1,600 ancient trees in this garden. It is known as the “Imperial Garden Museum” in China. Emperors and their family members usually came to this garden to spend the hot summer. As for private gardens, the most famous one is the Humble Administrator’s Garden (拙政园) in Suzhou. Although it is quite small compared with imperial gardens, it’s very beautiful. Some trees, lakes, flowers and man-made mountains can be found in the garden. Tourists can also see private houses near the garden. Traditional Chinese gardens have been built to look natural. In fact, Chinese gardens are like Chinese paintings. These two have influenced (影响) each other. Both of them show the idea of the importance of nature in Chinese culture. 36．How does the writer start this passage (文段)? A．By showing a fact. B．By telling a story. C．By asking a question. D．By giving an example. 37．Why did emperors and their families come to the Summer Palace? A．To spend the hot summer. B．To take care of the old trees. C．To have some delicious food. D．To see some wonderful shows. 38．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 39．According to the passage, which of the following is RIGHT? A．The Summer Palace in Beijing is one of the most famous private gardens in China. B．The Humble Administrator’s Garden in Suzhou is an imperial garden. C．Western gardens are like Chinese paintings. D．Traditional Chinese gardens show the idea of the importance of nature in Chinese culture. 40．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．The History of Chinese Gardens. B．Chinese imperial gardens. C．Traditional Chinese Gardens: Features (特点) and Kinds. D．Chinese Gardens vs Western Gardens. 【答案】36．C 37．A 38．B 39．D 40．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统园林的特点、分类及其文化内涵，对比了中西方园林的差异，并以颐和园和拙政园为例展开说明。 36．推理判断题。根据文章第一段首句“Have you ever visited any traditional Chinese gardens?”可知，作者以提问方式引入话题。故选C。 37．细节理解题。根据文章第二段末句“Emperors and their family members usually came to this garden to spend the hot summer.”可知，皇帝及其家人去颐和园避暑。故选A。 38．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段总起全文，引出文章主题；第二、三段分别介绍皇家园林和私家园林；文章最后一段总结全文，故文章结构为总-分-总。故选B。 39．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Both of them show the idea of the importance of nature in Chinese culture.”可知，中国传统园林体现了自然在中国文化中的重要性。故选D。 40．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国传统园林的特点、分类及其文化内涵，故C选项最适合作为文章标题。故选C。 Passage 4 （2025八年级下·湖北·期末） Fine Dining Hits the Road The Beijing Chaoyang Gourmet (美食) Sightseeing Bus is the first restaurant bus in Beijing. In the evening every day, the bus runs past famous landmarks, such as Bird’s Nest and Liangma River. Passengers can enjoy both fine delicious food and the city’s amazing night views. The bus provides a short city tour that is easy and relaxing for all ages. ________________ As more and more tourists visit Wuhan, the welcoming city has offered them a new choice every summer: Bamboo Bed Festival. Bamboo bed is an old tradition for Wuhan people to beat the summer heat. During the event, hundreds of bamboo beds are placed in the open air, allowing people to have fun and relax under the stars and bringing them back to the “good old days”. Icy Land and Warm Relaxion It couldn’t be better to relax in warm water while watching: the snow falling. And that’s what tourists do at. Baodi Hot Springs Town in Fuxin, Liaoning. The town has a perfect mix of freezing winters and hot springs. Tourists usually come here to relax and experience special activities, such as having traditional Chinese medicine baths or enjoying hot pots in hot springs. 41．In which section of the newspaper can we read the news? A．LIFE. B．FASHION. C．TRAVEL. D．CULTURE. 42．Which is true about the Beijing Chaoyang Gourmet Sightseeing Bus? A．It’s the first tour bus in Beijing. B．Passengers can see night views while eating gourmet. C．The tour bus runs past landmarks in the morning. D．The bus tour is mainly for young people. 43．What would be the best headline for the second news? A．Summer’s Bamboo Bed Festival B．Enjoy Festivals in Wuhan C．Beat the Summer Heat D．Record Good Old Days 44．Tourists come to Baodi Hot Springs Town for ________. A．traditional Chinese medicine B．delicious hot pots C．special hot spring experiences D．beautiful snowfalls 45．What does the news above show? A．Night relaxions. B．Chinese traditions. C．Places of interests. D．Travel activities. 【答案】41．C 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了北京朝阳美食观光巴士、武汉竹床节和辽宁宝地温泉小镇这三个旅游相关活动。 41．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，三段均围绕旅游活动展开，北京观光巴士、武汉夏季活动、辽宁温泉体验。因此，可以在报纸的“旅游”版块读到。故选C。 42．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Passengers can enjoy both fine delicious food and the city’s amazing night views”可知，乘客可以享受美食和城市夜景。故选B。 43．最佳标题题。阅读第2段，根据“hundreds of bamboo beds are placed… bringing them back to the good old days”可知，核心内容是武汉夏季的竹床节传统。故选A。 44．细节理解题。根据第3段“Tourists usually come here to relax and experience special activities, such as having traditional Chinese medicine baths or enjoying hot pots in hot springs.”可知，游客通常来这里放松身心，体验一些特殊的活动，例如中药浴或温泉火锅。故选C。 45．推理判断题。三段的共同点是介绍三个地区的特色旅游活动，故选D。 主题03 人与社会——健康与安全 Passage 1 （2025八年级下·湖北十堰·期末） How to give first aidWhat should you do if you see someone get hurt? If you want to help: Think about the situation to see if it is safe (安全的) for you to help. Call an ambulance (救护车) right away if necessary. 911  in America 000  in Australia 999  in the UK 103  in Russia 120  in China How you can help: Stop bleeding: Use a clean cloth or even your shirt to press on the cut. Keep pressing until you can get to a doctor. Treat burns: For small burns, run cool water over them for 10-15 minutes. Do not use ice, as it can make the burn worse. Treat choking: For people over the age of 1, stand behind them and give them quick pushes (按) with your fist (拳头) above their belly button (肚脐). This is called the Heimlich maneuver. Do CPR (心肺复苏术):If someone isn’t breathing and their heart isn’t beating, you might need to do CPR. Place the person on their back on the ground and push hard and fast in the middle of their chest (胸腔). 46．What number should you call if someone is badly hurt in Beijing? A．911. B．999. C．103. D．120. 47．How can you stop bleeding? A．By pressing a clean cloth on the cut. B．By using the Heimlich maneuver. C．By pushing on the chest many times. D．By putting ice on the cut. 48．How long should you run water over a small burn? A．For one minute. B．For 10-15 minutes. C．For half an hour. D．For an hour. 49．What is the Heimlich maneuver used for? A．Bleeding. B．Burns. C．Choking. D．Doing CPR. 50．Where might you find the reading above? A．In a storybook. B．In a book about health. C．In a history book. D．In a sports magazine. 【答案】46．D 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了有人受伤时如何进行急救以及四种情况下的急救措施。 46．细节理解题。根据表格“How to give first aid”部分的“120 in China”可知，北京在中国，应该拨打120。故选D。 47．细节理解题。根据“How you can help:”部分的“Stop bleeding: Use a clean cloth or even your shirt to press on the cut.”可知，用一块干净的布或你的衬衫压在伤口上来止血。故选A。 48．细节理解题。根据“How you can help:”部分的“Treat burns: For small burns, run cool water over them for 10-15 minutes”可知，对于小的烧伤，用冷水冲洗10-15分钟。故选B。 49．细节理解题。根据“How you can help:”部分的“Treat choking: ...This is called the Heimlich maneuver.”可知，海姆立克急救法用于治疗窒息。故选C。 50．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了有人受伤时如何进行急救以及四种情况下的急救措施。因此可以在关于健康的书上读到。故选B。 Passage 2 （2025八年级下·湖北襄阳·期末）Throughout our daily lives, we can always hear voices reminding us to drink water. Teachers ask us to drink water during breaks and health experts say that water can improve our skin and help manage our weight. But a common question remains: how much water should we actually take in? For a long time, many people have stuck to the “8×8 rule,” believing that drinking eight glasses of water, eight times a day, is perfect. This idea, however, came from a misunderstanding. In 1945, scientists suggested drinking an amount (数量) of water for how much food we eat. That’s about eight glasses every day. But the truth is, different people need very different amounts of water every day. For example, a sportsman who trains for hours might need much more water than someone who spends most of the day sitting at a desk. Our weight, age and how active we are all decide how much water we need. So, do we need to strictly control how much water we drink? Dr Stanley Goldfarb doesn’t think so. Our body has a great self-control system. When our body needs water, we feel thirsty, a clear sign to drink up. Also, our body can save water well and start working before we feel thirsty. Water offers many benefits (益处). It helps keep our body temperature normal, take away waste in the body and protect our joints (关节). In short, your body is very smart. Don’t worry too much about how much water you should drink every day. Your body can take care of itself and tell you when it needs more water. Just listen to your body and you’ll stay healthy. 51．The “8×8 rule” mentioned in the second paragraph is about ________ to drink. A．how much B．when C．how fast D．why 52．How does the writer support the idea that different people need different amounts of water? A．By listing real numbers. B．By using expert opinions. C．By sharing personal stories. D．By comparing sportsmen and desk workers. 53．In the fourth paragraph, the underlined word “It” refers to ________. A．food B．water C．the body D．the joint 54．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?（①=Paragraph 1②=Paragraph 2…） A． B． C． D． 55．What does the writer want us to do? A．Stop drinking water in the evening. B．Worry about how much water we drink. C．Listen to our body when we are thirsty. D．Drink as much water as possible every day. 【答案】51．A 52．D 53．B 54．A 55．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了人们日常饮水的相关问题，探讨了“8×8规则”的来源，说明不同人所需饮水量不同，以及身体有自我调节机制，最后指出人们无需过度担心饮水量，听从身体需求即可保持健康。 51．细节理解题。根据“believing that drinking eight glasses of water, eight times a day, is perfect”可知，“8×8 规则”是关于饮水量的。故选A。 52．推理判断题。根据“For example, a sportsman who trains for hours might need much more water than someone who spends most of the day sitting at a desk”可知，作者通过对比运动员和伏案工作者来支持不同人需要不同饮水量这一观点。故选D。 53．词句猜测题。根据“Water offers many benefits (益处). It helps keep our body temperature normal...”可知，“It”指代的是水。故选B。 54．篇章结构题。根据文章内容，第一段提出“我们实际应该摄入多少水”这一问题；第二段介绍“8×8 规则”及其来源；第三段说明不同人每天需要的水量不同；第四段阐述身体有自我调节系统以及水的益处；第五段总结应听从身体的需求。因此结构为①→②③④→⑤。故选A。 55．推理判断题。根据“Just listen to your body and you’ll stay healthy”可知，作者希望我们在口渴时听从身体的信号。故选C。 Passage 3 （2025八年级下·湖北黄石·期末）It is said that doing physical exercise can make our brain work better, but I wanted to know if that was true. Maybe it could be the answer to getting good grades at school. To find out about it, we decided to make a memory (记忆力) test. We took 25 different things from around the house and covered them up with a towel (毛巾). Next, we asked eight of our friends to take a test. We took away the towel and gave them one minute to look at the things. When the minute was up, we covered the things again and asked them to write down as many things as they could remember. Then we made our friends into two groups. One group sat down and played easy chess games. We called it “TEAM SIT”. The other group went out for a few miles. We named it “TEAM MOVE”. At the same time, we put new things in the test. After 10 minutes, both teams took a second test with the new things. We graded all the tests, giving one point for each right answer. Then we watched how each team’s score changed. The TEAM SIT’s average (平均) score went down by 2 points. The other team’s average score went up by 4 points. The difference wasn’t too big. But the team that exercised had better memory test scores. So next time, I might go out and take a long run before I study for a test! 56．What is the meaning of “physical exercise” in paragraph 1? A．物理练习 B．体育课 C．心理测试 D．体育锻炼 57．The writer made friends into two groups because of ________. A．the time they used B．the activities they did C．the game they played D．the things they remembered 58．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The way to get good grades. B．How to do well in physical exercises. C．If doing physical exercise is good for our brain. D．Why should students do physical exercise. 59．What’s the structure (结构) of the text? A． B． C． D． 60．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Playing board games is good for our memory. B．The answer to getting good grades is to work hard. C．It is necessary to do physical exercise. D．The writer will not take a long run before he studies for a test. 【答案】56．D 57．B 58．C 59．D 60．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过实验探讨了体育锻炼对大脑记忆力的影响，发现运动后的人记忆力测试成绩更好。 【详解】56．词句猜测题。根据文章第1段“doing physical exercise can make our brain work better”可知，“physical exercise”指的是能让大脑运作更好的活动。结合选项，D项“体育锻炼”最符合语境。故选D。 57．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“Then we made our friends into two groups… One group sat down… The other group went out…”可知，分组依据是两组进行的活动不同（坐着下棋vs外出运动）。故选B。 58．词句猜测题。根据文章第2段“To find out about it”及第1段“It is said that doing physical exercise can make our brain work better, but I wanted to know if that was true.”可知，据说体育锻炼可以使我们的大脑更好地工作，但我想知道这是不是真的。“it”指代前文“体育锻炼是否对大脑有益”的疑问。故选C。 59．篇章结构题。综合全文可知，第1段提出体育锻炼能使我们的大脑更好地工作，引出主题；第2、3、4段具体介绍了记忆测试实验；第5段呼吁人们进行体育锻炼，因此本文属于“总分总”结构，选项D图示符合题意。故选D。 60．推理判断题。根据文章第4段“the team that exercised had better memory test scores”及最后1段作者决定“take a long run before study”可推知，体育锻炼对提升记忆力有必要性。故选C。 Passage 4 （2025八年级下·湖北·期末）It is important to know some swimming safety tips (贴士) before getting in the pool. Remember: Drowning (溺水) is silent. Even if children can swim, adults should always keep an eye on them. Dos Know how deep the water is. Don’t jump into the water less than 2.7 meters deep. Don’t dive (潜水) unless the water is more than 3.6 meters deep. Learn first aid and keep a first-aid box (急救箱) near water. Children over the age of 4 should complete swimming lessons. It’s okay to play with toys in the water, but remember to take all toys out of the water after swimming. Don’ts Never swim outside during a storm or when there is thunder and lightning. Don’t use water wings or other pool toys as life jackets (救生衣). Never eat or drink in the pool. You may get the water dirty. Don’t run or push around the pool. Never swim in the river. And tell others not to do it. Pool ownersMake sure you can clearly see the pool wherever you are. Put up a 1.5-meter-high fence (栅栏) around the pool to keep children away. Cover the pool when it’s not in use so that no one falls into the water. Don’t put electrical products (电子产品) by the pool. 61．If you dive, the water must be more than _________ meters deep. A．2.7 B．2.9 C．3.4 D．3.6 62．According to the weather report next week, on which day can you swim in an outside pool?              A．     B．     C．     D． 63．What could you do when you are swimming? A．Play with toys in the winter. B．Eat when you’re hungry. C．Use water wings as life jackets. D．Jump into the water of any swimming pool. 64．What can pool owners do to have a safe pool area? A．Make sure they can hardly see the pool. B．Cover the pool when it’s in use. C．Put up a fence around the pool. D．Put electrical products by the pool. 65．In which part of a magazine can you read the passage? A．World Travel. B．Sports News. C．Art Treasure. D．Safety Tips. 【答案】61．D 62．B 63．A 64．C 65．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了游泳安全的一些提示。 61．细节理解题。根据信息栏中“Don’t dive (潜水) unless the water is more than 3.6 meters deep.”可知，如果你潜水，水深必须超过3.6米。故选D。 62．推理判断题。根据信息栏中“Never swim outside during a storm or when there is thunder and lightning.”可知，在暴风雨或打雷闪电时，千万不要在户外游泳。结合选项图片可知，可以在星期二去户外游泳。故选B。 63．细节理解题。根据信息栏中“It’s okay to play with toys in the water, but remember to take all toys out of the water after swimming.”可知，游泳时，我们可以玩玩具。故选A。 64．细节理解题。根据Pool owners信息栏中“Make sure you can clearly see the pool wherever you are.  Put up a 1.5-meter-high fence (栅栏) around the pool to keep children away.  Cover the pool when it’s not in use so that no one falls into the water.  Don’t put electrical products (电子产品) by the pool.”可知，泳池主人可以在泳池周围搭起围栏，拥有一个安全的泳池区域。故选C。 65．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了游泳安全的一些提示。由此可推测，我们能从杂志中安全提示部分看到该文章。故选D。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $