Unit 6 Famous people in history 单元话题（历史人物）完形填空进阶练15篇-2025-2026学年六年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教版五四制）

**基本信息** 以历史人物为主题，分基础、进阶、综合三层次设计15篇完形填空，系统提升语言理解与表达能力，涵养文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础入门训练|5篇（鲁迅、司马光等）|词汇辨析为主，句内逻辑简单|从人物生平切入，覆盖基础词汇与语法| |进阶拓展训练|5篇（冼星海、达芬奇等）|增加长难句，考查上下文连贯|深化人物成就描述，提升语境理解能力| |能力综合实践|5篇（钱学森、诺贝尔等）|文化背景融入，抽象词汇增多|综合人物精神品质，衔接跨文化认知|

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 6 Famous people in history 单元话题（历史人物）完形填空进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 Lu Xun was a famous Chinese writer. He is often called the “father of modern Chinese literature” because his works helped shape modern Chinese 1 . He was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Lu Xun wrote about his school days in a book called Morning Flowers Picked at Dusk (《朝花夕拾》). He studied at Sanwei Bookstore, a small school in his hometown Shaoxing. When Lu Xun was a boy, his father became very 2 . Every day before school, young Lu Xun had to sell things and buy medicine. This often made him late for school. His teacher, Mr. Shou Jingwu, was a strict but kind scholar (学者). One morning, after Lu Xun arrived late again, he said: “A student should always be on time. Working hard now brings 3 in the future.” Lu Xun felt 4 ashamed (羞愧的). That day, he took a small knife and carved the word “早” (means “early”) on his desk. From then on, he woke up earlier and never arrived late again. Today, you can still see his desk with the “早” mark at the Sanwei Bookstore Museum in Shaoxing. It reminds us to be 5 and on time! 1．A．writing B．painting C．herbs D．government 2．A．thin B．smart C．poor D．sick 3．A．discovery B．wealth C．success D．attention 4．A．rarely B．hardly C．nearly D．fairly 5．A．different B．hardworking C．brave D．talented 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文讲述了鲁迅少年时因父亲病重常上学迟到，在被老师告诫后于书桌上刻 “早” 字自勉，最终养成守时习惯，其刻字书桌至今在绍兴三味书屋纪念馆作为勤奋守时的象征的故事。 1．句意：他常被称为 “中国现代文学之父”，因为其作品助力塑造了中国现代文学。 writing写作；painting绘画；herbs草药；government政府。根据“modern Chinese...”可知，此处指“中国现代文学”。故选A。 2．句意：鲁迅幼年时，父亲重病缠身。 thin瘦的；smart聪明的；poor贫穷的；sick生病的。根据“young Lu Xun had to sell things and buy medicine.”可知，年幼的鲁迅需要卖东西然后买药，因此推测可知，他的父亲生病了。故选D。 3．句意：一天早晨，鲁迅又一次迟到后，老师说：“学生应当始终守时。当下勤奋，未来方能有所成就。” discovery发现；wealth财富；success成功；attention注意力。根据“Working hard now brings...in the future”可知，此处表示“勤奋学习可以带来成功”。故选C。 4．句意：鲁迅深感羞愧。 rarely少见地，罕有地；hardly几乎不；nearly几乎；fairly相当地。根据“Lu Xun felt ... ashamed”可知，此处需要副词修饰ashamed，fairly“相当地”，加深程度。故选D。 5．句意：它提醒着我们要勤奋守时！ different不同的；hardworking勤奋的；brave勇敢的；talented有天赋的。通读全文可知，本文讲述了鲁迅的刻“早”字自勉的故事，因此hardworking“勤奋的”，符合语境。故选B。 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Long ago, there was a clever boy in China. His name was Sima Guang. One day, he played hide and seek (捉迷藏) 1 other children near a vat (缸). A 7-year-old boy wanted 2 in the big vat. But he didn’t see there was much 3 in the vat. He fell into the water and 4 for help. Seeing that, other 5 were so afraid that they cried for help. But Sima Guang wasn’t 6 at all. He looked around and found a big stone (石头), and then he picked it up and broke the vat. 7 , the water came out of the vat and the boy was saved in time. Most people thought that boy would lose 8 life. In the end, Sima Guang saved the boy. Sima Guang thought the real danger of the child was not the vat, but the water in it. Many people like this story. It 9 us when we are in danger, we can try to find 10 ways to solve (解决) them. 1．A．in B．on C．with 2．A．hid B．hiding C．to hide 3．A．beach B．water C．drink 4．A．worried B．heard C．shouted 5．A．man B．person C．children 6．A．afraid B．excited C．interested 7．A．Slowly B．Suddenly C．Luckily 8．A．he B．his C．him 9．A．says B．tells C．speaks 10．A．right B．dirty C．dark 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了司马光砸缸救人的故事，体现了他在危急时刻冷静机智的品质。 1．句意： 有一天，他在一个大缸附近和其他孩子玩捉迷藏。 in在……里；on在……上；with和……一起。根据“played hide and seek…other children” 可知，此处考查固定短语play...with sb“和某人一起玩……”。故选C。 2．句意： 一个2岁男孩想躲进大缸里。 hid躲藏（过去式）；hiding躲藏（现在分词）；to hide躲藏（不定式）。want to do sth“想要做某事”，所以空处用不定式。故选C。 3．句意： 但他没注意到缸里有很多水。 beach海滩；water水；drink饮料。根据后文“fell into the water” 可知缸里装的是水。故选B。 4．句意： 他掉进水里并大声呼救。 worried担心；heard听到；shouted喊叫。根据“for help” 可知，需用“shouted”表示呼救。故选C。 5．句意： 看到这一切，其他的孩子都很害怕，大声呼救。 man男人；person人；children孩子们。根据前文“other children”可知，此处指其他孩子们。故选C。 6．句意： 但司马光一点也不害怕。 afraid害怕的；excited兴奋的；interested感兴趣的。根据“other children were afraid”和but表示转折可知，此处强调司马光的冷静，表示一点都不害怕。故选A。 7．句意： 幸运的是，水从缸里流出，男孩及时得救了。 Slowly缓慢地；Suddenly突然；Luckily幸运地。根据“the boy was saved” 可知，男孩得救了，所以很幸运。故选C。 8．句意： 大多数人以为男孩会丧命。 he他（主格）；his他的（形容词性物主代词）；him他（宾格）。根据“thought that boy would lose...life.” 可知，空处需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故选B。 9．句意： 它告诉我们，当我们处于危险之中时，我们要设法找到正确的方法来解决它们。 says说（接具体说话内容）；tells告诉；speaks说（语言）。根据“It...us when we are in danger”可知，空后是双宾语，且指故事告诉我们的道理，所以需用“tells”。故选B。 10．句意：它告诉我们，当我们处于危险之中时，我们要设法找到正确的方法来解决它们。 right正确的；dirty肮脏的；dark黑暗的。根据“solve them”及司马光砸缸救男孩的故事可知， 此处强调用正确的方法解决问题。故选A。 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。 When Kuang Heng is a little boy, he likes reading very much. However, his family is so poor (贫穷的) that he can’t go to 1 . Later, he learns to read and write from one of his brothers. Kuang Heng doesn’t have money to buy books, so he has to use others’. Books are very 2 things and people who have books don’t want to give their books to others. When it is the busy farming time, Kuang Heng will work for the rich (富有的) families. He 3 wants to read their books by working for them. After some 4 , Kuang Heng grows up and he works on the farm all day long. He doesn’t have much time to read, so he often needs ten days or half a month to 5 a book. Then he has an idea—he can 6 more time at night to read. But Kuang Heng’s parents are so poor that 7 can’t buy lamps (灯) at all. One night, when he is reading the books on the bed, he sees some light (光) coming through (穿过) a small hole (洞) on the 8 . He gets up fast from the bed, takes a small knife (刀) and walks to the wall. He uses the knife to make the hole a 9 one and in this way, more light comes through the hole so that he can sit close to the light to read. 10 Kuang Heng studies hard for a very long time, he becomes a great man in Chinese history. 1．A．bed B．school C．hospital D．work 2．A．boring B．funny C．important D．difficult 3．A．only B．even C．already D．soon 4．A．minutes B．days C．months D．years 5．A．write B．read C．draw D．buy 6．A．make use of B．be interested in C．fall in love with D．get to know 7．A．he B．it C．they D．we 8．A．window B．wall C．bed D．door 9．A．similar B．beautiful C．dark D．big 10．A．Before B．After C．So D．But 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了西汉经学家匡衡年幼时家境贫寒，却通过“凿壁借光”等方式坚持苦读，最终成为一代名臣的故事。 1．句意：然而，他家太穷了，所以他不能去上学。 bed床；school学校；hospital医院；work工作。根据“likes reading very much”和“can’t go to...”可知，匡衡喜欢读书，但因家贫无法“上学”。故选B。 2．句意：书在当时是非常重要的物品，有书的人不愿意把书借给别人。 boring无聊的；funny有趣的；important重要的；difficult困难的。根据“people who have books don’t want to give their books to others”可知，人们不愿把书借给别人，说明书在当时是“重要的”。故选C。 3．句意：他只想通过为他们工作来读他们的书。 only只有；even甚至；already已经；soon很快。根据“He... wants to read their books by working for them.”可知，匡衡“只”想通过为他们干活来读他们的书。故选A。 4．句意：几年后，匡衡长大了，他整天在地里劳作。 minutes分钟；days天；months月；years年。根据“Kuang Heng grows up”可知，这里表示几年后。故选D。 5．句意：他没有太多时间读书，所以他经常需要十天或半个月才能读完一本书。 write写；read读；draw画；buy买。根据“to... a book”和前文“likes reading”可知，他需要很长时间来“读完”一本书。故选B。 6．句意：然后他有了一个主意——他可以利用晚上更多的时间读书。 make use of利用；be interested in对……感兴趣；fall in love with爱上；get to know了解。根据“he can... more time at night to read”可知，他想“利用”晚上的时间。故选A。 7．句意：但是匡衡的父母太穷了，他们根本买不起灯。 he他；it它；they他们；we我们。此处主语指代前文的“Kuang Heng’s parents”，应用复数代词“they”。故选C。 8．句意：一天晚上，他正在床上看书时，看到一些光线从墙上的一个小洞穿过来。 window窗户；wall墙；bed床；door门。根据下文“walks to the wall”和“make the hole a... one”可知，光线是从“墙”上的洞穿过来的。故选B。 9．句意：他用小刀把那个洞挖得更大，这样更多的光线就能穿过洞口，他就可以靠近光线坐着读书了。 similar相似的；beautiful美丽的；dark黑暗的；big大的。根据“more light comes through the hole”可知，为了让更多光线进来，他把洞挖“大”了。故选D。 10．句意：在匡衡刻苦学习了很长时间之后，他成为了中国历史上的一位伟人。 Before在……之前；After在……之后；So所以；But但是。根据“Kuang Heng studies hard for a very long time, he becomes a great man”可知，这里表示在匡衡刻苦学习了很长时间之后，应用“After”。故选B。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Yanzi was from the State of Qi (齐国). He was an excellent 1 , so the king sent him to visit Chu to ask for help. The king of Chu tried to make Yanzi feel unhappy. He knew Yanzi was short, so he let Yanzi come in through a small hole (洞) when Yanzi 2 . “A state of dogs welcomes its visitors with dog holes. I’m 3 the State of Chu. This hole isn’t for me,” Yanzi said. So they had to let him in 4 the main gate (正门). “Why did Qi send you? Don’t they have anyone better?” The king tried another way to 5 Yanzi. “If Qi meets a great king, it’ll send the 6 official. I’m the terrible one. So I’m here,” Yanzi said. Just then, 7 brought in a thief (小偷). The thief was from Qi. “Yanzi, is Qi a state of thieves?” the king laughed. Yanzi 8 , “The orange trees south of the Huai River grow big and delicious fruit, 9 the orange trees north of the Huai River grow small and bad fruit. The environment (环境) is important. In Qi, people don’t do bad things, but here, they become thieves. What made that 10 a thief here?” The king laughed, “I was wrong about you and your state!” 1．A．official B．farmer C．doctor D．emperor 2．A．left B．arrived C．stayed D．stopped 3．A．improving B．affecting C．visiting D．creating 4．A．through B．upon C．along D．behind 5．A．drop off B．run after C．focus on D．laugh at 6．A．fit B．perfect C．silly D．ugly 7．A．anyone B．no one C．everyone D．someone 8．A．answered B．agreed C．praised D．recorded 9．A．if B．when C．while D．although 10．A．customer B．swimmer C．team D．person 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了晏子出使楚国时，面对楚王的刁难，机智应对、维护齐国尊严的故事。 1．句意：他是一位出色的官员，所以齐王派他出使楚国求助。 结合后文晏子代表齐国出使楚国，应选用official（官员）。farmer“农民”、doctor“医生”、emperor“皇帝”均不符合语境。 2．句意：楚王知道晏子个子矮，所以当晏子到达时，他让晏子从一个小洞进来。 结合语境，此处指晏子“到达”楚国时，应选用arrived。left“离开”、stayed“停留”、stopped“停止”均不符合语境。 3．句意：狗国才用狗洞迎接客人。我正在访问楚国，这个洞不是给我走的。 结合前文“the king sent him to visit Chu”，晏子是来“访问”楚国的，应选用visiting。improving“改善”、affecting“影响”、creating“创造”均不符合语境。 4．句意：所以他们只好让他从正门进去。 结合固定搭配“come in through the main gate”，表示“从正门进入”，应选用through。upon“在……之上”、along“沿着”、behind“在……后面”均不符合搭配。 5．句意：楚王试图用另一种方式嘲笑晏子。 结合前文“‘Why did Qi send you? Don’t they have anyone better?’”，楚王是在“嘲笑”晏子，应选用laugh at。drop off“下降”、run after“追赶”、focus on“关注”均不符合语境。 6．句意：如果齐国遇到贤明的君主，就会派最好的官员。我是最差的一个，所以我来了。 结合后文“I’m the terrible one”，此处对应表示“最好的”，用perfect，应选用perfect。fit“合适的”、silly“愚蠢的”、ugly“丑陋的”均不符合语境。 7．句意：就在这时，有人带进来一个小偷。 结合语境，此处表示“有人”，用someone，应选用someone。anyone“任何人”、no one“没有人”、everyone“每个人”均不符合语境。 8．句意：晏子回答道：“淮河以南的橘子树结出又大又甜的果实，而淮河以北的橘子树结出又小又差的果实。” 结合前文楚王的提问，此处是晏子“回答”，应选用answered。agreed“同意”、praised“表扬”、recorded“记录”均不符合语境。 9．句意：淮河以南的橘子树结出又大又甜的果实，而淮河以北的橘子树结出又小又差的果实。 结合语境，此处表示对比，用while，应选用while。if“如果”、when“当……时”、although“虽然”均不符合逻辑。 10．句意：是什么让这个人在这里变成了小偷？ 结合前文“people don’t do bad things, but here, they become thieves”，此处指代小偷，用person，应选用person。customer“顾客”、swimmer“游泳者”、team“团队”均不符合语境。 Shi Xiang is a Music teacher. He is very good at playing the guqin. And Confucius (孔子) is his 1 . When Confucius begins his first class, he plays the 2 music again and again for many days. One day, Shi Xiang says, “You 3 this music well. Now you can start another piece of music.” Confucius says, “Thank you, 4 I want to know its technique (技巧).” After some days, Confucius can play with the technique. But Confucius still plays many times. Shi Xiang listens to his playing and enjoys it a lot. He says, “Now you can start the next one.” “But I don’t know who wrote 5 .” Confucius says. Confucius keeps playing. One day he stops. He says, “I know the composer (作曲者) is King Wen. Now I can start the next music!” “My teacher seemed (好像) to mention (提到) that this piece of music is called Chant of King Wen.” Shi Xiang says, “You are a 6 learner.” 1．A．friend B．student C．teacher 2．A．different B．old C．same 3．A．play B．know C．like 4．A．and B．but C．so 5．A．you B．him C．it 6．A．good B．new C．kind 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了孔子学琴于师襄，通过反复练习同一曲目，逐步掌握技巧、领悟作曲者身份，展现了精益求精的学习精神。 1．句意：孔子是他的学生。 friend朋友；student学生；teacher老师。根据“Shi Xiang is a Music teacher.…And Confucius (孔子) is his….”及后文可知，孔子是师襄的学生。故选B。 2．句意：孔子开始第一堂课时，连续多天反复演奏同一首乐曲。 different不同的；old旧的；same相同的。根据“he plays the…music again and again for many days.”可知，孔子一直反复弹奏同一首曲子。故选C。 3．句意：这首曲子你弹得很好了。 play演奏；know知道；like喜欢。根据“You…this music well.”可知，play music“弹奏音乐”为固定搭配。故选A。 4．句意：谢谢您，但我想掌握它的技巧。 and并且；but但是；so所以。根据“Thank you,…I want to know its technique (技巧).”可知，前后为转折关系，应用but连接。故选B。 5．句意：但我还不知道作曲者是谁。 you你；him他；it它。根据“But I don’t know who wrote….”可知，此处应用“it”指代那首曲子。故选C。 6．句意：你真是位优秀的学习者。 good好的；new新的；kind友善的。根据“You are a…learner”可知，孔子通过反复练习，不仅掌握了技巧，还知道了作曲者，师襄称赞他是优秀的学习者。故选A。 进阶拓展训练5篇 Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of music of the 20th century. In his short life, he wrote nearly 300 1 and an opera. Xian was born in Macao, China, in 1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian moved from place to place with his mother. He began learning to play the violin when he was 20 years old. In the 2 , his violin was so cheap and badly made that he could not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop practising and soon showed his talent. In 1934, he was one of the first Chinese students who studied in a special 3 school in Paris. Before he left, Xian became the school’s best student and won some prizes. In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came to Yan’an to teach music at a college. There were no pianos in Yan’an at that time, 4 Xian still wrote some of his most important music there, including The Yellow River, his most famous work. In May 1940, Xian went abroad to write music for movies. When he was abroad, life was very 5 . Xian got sick and later died of a lung illness on October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xian’s music, however, lives on in the people’s hearts. 1．A．words B．songs C．plays D．films 2．A．beginning B．end C．middle D．moment 3．A．sports B．language C．music D．engineering 4．A．because B．and C．so D．but 5．A．happy B．hard C．comfortable D．easy 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了中国著名音乐家冼星海的生平，包括他的成长经历、求学过程以及创作《黄河大合唱》等作品的故事。 1．句意：在他短暂的一生中，他创作了近300首歌曲和一部歌剧。 根据上文他是一位音乐家，以及下文“an opera”一部歌剧，可知此处指歌曲，songs“歌曲”符合。words“歌词”、plays“戏剧”和films“电影”与音乐家身份不符。 2．句意：起初，他的小提琴很便宜且制作粗糙，他拉不好。 根据下文“His friends laughed at him”朋友们嘲笑他，可知是刚开始学琴时，beginning“开始”符合。end“结束”、middle“中间”和moment“时刻”与语境不符。 3．句意：1934年，他是首批在巴黎一所特殊音乐学校学习的中国学生之一。 根据上文他学习音乐，可知是音乐学校，music“音乐”符合。sports“体育”、language“语言”和engineering“工程”与语境不符。 4．句意：那时延安没有钢琴，但冼星海仍然在那里创作了他一些最重要的音乐作品，包括他最著名的作品《黄河大合唱》。 前后句为转折关系，表示虽然条件艰苦但他仍然创作，应用but“但是”。because“因为”表因果，and“和”表并列，so“所以”表结果，均不符。 5．句意：当他在国外时，生活非常艰苦。 根据下文“Xian got sick and later died”他生病并去世，可知生活艰苦，hard“艰苦的”符合。happy“开心的”、comfortable“舒适的”和easy“容易的”与语境相反。 Leonardo da Vinci was one of the greatest geniuses in history. He was not only a famous 1 , but also a scientist, inventor, engineer, and musician. He was born in 1452 in a small town in Italy. From a young age, Leonardo showed a great talent for drawing. His father sent him to study under a famous artist in Florence. Leonardo believed that art and science should work together. He 2 that understanding how things work would make his paintings better. He studied human bodies by cutting them open to see how muscles and bones moved. He watched birds fly and 3 machines that could fly. He designed tanks, bridges, and even robots hundreds of years before they could be built. One of his most famous paintings is the Mona Lisa. People 4 the mysterious smile of the woman in the painting. Another masterpiece, The Last Supper, shows a very important scene from the Bible. These paintings are still studied and admired today. Leonardo wrote his notes backwards in mirror writing. Some people think he did this to keep his ideas 5 . Others believe it was just easier for him as a left-handed person. Whatever the reason, his notebooks contain thousands of drawings and ideas that were far ahead of his time. Sadly, many of Leonardo’s inventions were never built during his lifetime. People didn’t have the technology to 6 his designs. But today, scientists have built models based on his drawings. They are amazed to find that many of his ideas actually work. Leonardo da Vinci truly lived up to his 7 as a “Renaissance Man”—someone with many different talents and interests. 1．A．doctor B．painter C．soldier D．musician 2．A．forgot B．doubted C．realized D．imagined 3．A．drew B．bought C．found D．copied 4．A．create B．admire C．hate D．change 5．A．public B．famous C．secret D．simple 6．A．weigh B．publish C．admire D．build 7．A．weight B．level C．mark D．name 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．D 【导语】本文介绍了列奥纳多·达·芬奇的多重身份与成就，展现了他作为“文艺复兴时期的全才”的特质。 1．句意：他不仅是一位著名的画家，也是科学家、发明家、工程师和音乐家。 根据后文“From a young age, Leonardo showed a great talent for drawing”及他的代表作《蒙娜丽莎》《最后的晚餐》，结合语境，此处表示“画家”，painter符合语境，doctor“医生”、soldier“士兵”、musician“音乐家”均不符。 2．句意：他意识到理解事物的运作方式能让他的画作更好。 根据前文“Leonardo believed that art and science should work together”，结合语境，此处表示他认识到科学对绘画的帮助，realized符合语境，forgot“忘记”、doubted“怀疑”、imagined“想象”均不符。 3．句意：他观察鸟类飞行并绘制了能飞行的机器。 根据后文“He designed tanks, bridges, and even robots hundreds of years before they could be built”，结合语境，此处表示绘制飞行器设计图，drew符合语境，bought“买”、found“发现”、copied“复制”均不符。 4．句意：人们欣赏画中女人神秘的微笑。 根据前文“One of his most famous paintings is the Mona Lisa”及后文“These paintings are still studied and admired today”，结合语境，此处表示“欣赏”，admire符合语境，create“创造”、hate“讨厌”、change“改变”均不符。 5．句意：有些人认为他这样做是为了保守他的想法的秘密。 根据前文“Leonardo wrote his notes backwards in mirror writing”，结合语境，镜像书写的目的可能是保密，secret符合语境，public“公开的”、famous“著名的”、simple“简单的”均不符。 6．句意：当时的人们没有技术来建造他的设计。 根据前文“many of Leonardo’s inventions were never built during his lifetime”，结合语境，此处表示“建造”，build符合语境，weigh“称重”、publish“出版”、admire“欣赏”均不符。 7．句意：列奥纳多·达·芬奇确实配得上“文艺复兴时期的全才”这个称号。 根据后文“as a ‘Renaissance Man’”，结合语境，此处表示“称号、名声”，固定搭配live up to one’s name表示“名副其实”，name符合语境，weight“重量”、level“水平”、mark“标记”均不符。 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A long time ago in ancient Greece, there lived a smart scientist named Archimedes. He was interested in numbers, shapes and how things worked. People from near and far often turned to him with 1 . Archimedes always surprised them with clever answers. One day, King Hiero asked for his help. The king had ordered a goldsmith (金匠) to make a gold crown (皇冠). Though the crown looked 2 , some people whispered (窃窃私语) that it was not made of pure gold. The king began to 3 . Had the goldsmith secretly mixed in some cheap silver (银)? “I must know the truth,” he said to the scientist, “but you must not break my crown.” Archimedes 4 the problem day and night. One afternoon, as he stepped into his bath, he saw the water rise and spill (溢出) over the sides. 5 , he had an idea! Shouting “Eureka! Eureka!”, the Greek word that means “I found it”, he rushed out. Archimedes quickly set up his experiment (实验). He 6 a bowl with water and prepared two metal blocks—one gold, one silver. Both were the same 7 as the crown. First, he put in the silver and saw how much water overflowed (溢出). Then he did the same with the gold and 8 that less water spilled. Finally, he tested the crown. It pushed out more 9 than the gold block, proving the crown was not made of pure gold. Thanks to Archimedes’s 10 mind and a warm bath, the answer was finally found! 1．A．presents B．problems C．books D．choices 2．A．large B．famous C．perfect D．terrible 3．A．agree B．regret C．worry D．explain 4．A．thought about B．pointed out C．found out D．wrote about 5．A．Sadly B．Quietly C．Terribly D．Suddenly 6．A．filled B．connected C．started D．provided 7．A．shape B．weight C．value D．smell 8．A．expected B．guessed C．dreamed D．noticed 9．A．water B．air C．salt D．light 10．A．humorous B．funny C．smart D．stupid 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述古希腊科学家阿基米德通过观察浴缸溢水现象，发现浮力原理并成功验证王冠纯度的故事。 1．句意：远近的人们常带着问题向他求助。 presents礼物；problems问题；books书籍；choices选择。根据“clever answers”可知，此处指问题。故选B。 2．句意：虽然皇冠看起来很完美，但有些人窃窃私语说它不是纯金做的。 large大的；famous著名的；perfect完美的；terrible糟糕的。根据“Though the crown looked…some people whispered (窃窃私语) that it was not made of pure gold.”的语境可知，此处指皇冠看起来很完美，但有些人怀疑它非纯金。故选C。 3．句意：国王开始担心起来。 agree同意；regret后悔；worry担忧；explain解释。根据“some people whispered (窃窃私语) that it was not made of pure gold”以及“I must know the truth,”可知，国王感到担心。故选C。 4．句意：阿基米德日夜思考着这个问题。 thought about思考；pointed out指出；found out发现；wrote about撰写。根据“I found it”可知，阿基米德一直思考着问题。故选A。 5．句意：突然，他有了一个主意！ Sadly悲伤地；Quietly安静地；Terribly可怕地；Suddenly突然地。此处表示洗澡时灵感是“突然”出现的，与“Eureka”的兴奋呼应。故选D。 6．句意：他在一个碗里装满了水，准备了两块金属块——一块金的，一块银的。 filled装满；connected连接；started开始；provided提供。根据下文“…water overflowed”可知，碗里装满了水。故选A。 7．句意：两者的重量都和皇冠相同。 shape形状；weight重量；value价值；smell气味。浮力实验需控制变量，比较同重量下的排水量。故选B。 8．句意：然后他对金子做了同样的事情，发现溢出来的水少了。 expected预期；guessed猜测；dreamed梦想；noticed注意到。实验需客观注意到现象差异，D项符合。故选D。 9．句意：它排出的水比金块多，证明王冠不是纯金做的。 water水；air空气；salt盐；light光。根据“…water overflowed”可知，实验核心是比较排水量。故选A。 10．句意：多亏阿基米德聪明的头脑和一次温暖的沐浴，终于找到了答案！ humorous幽默的；funny有趣的；smart聪明的；stupid愚蠢的。上文讲述阿基米德通过观察浴缸溢水现象，发现浮力原理并成功验证王冠纯度的故事，说明阿基米德很聪明。故选C。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Zheng He was a very famous Chinese navigator (航海家). He lived during the Ming Dynasty (朝代). From 1405 to 1433, he went to 1 countries. He 2 from Nanjing with a lot of big ships and thousands of men. He visited more than 30 countries and areas. His ships were the 3 in the world at that time. On the voyages (航行), he 4 silk, tea and china to other countries. He also 5 their cultures and ways of life. He tried to make friends with the people there. These voyages were very 6 in Chinese history. They helped open up trade (贸易) and friendship between China 7 other countries. Zheng He’s voyages showed China’s 8 to the world. Today we still 9 Zheng He. He is a hero (英雄) to all Chinese people. We 10 him very much. 1．A．other B．others C．another D．any 2．A．jumped B．started C．arrived D．walked 3．A．smallest B．biggest C．shortest D．poorest 4．A．bought B．threw C．brought D．sold 5．A．learned about B．cared about C．gave up D．went through 6．A．exciting B．boring C．important D．terrible 7．A．or B．and C．but D．so 8．A．people B．food C．ships D．strength 9．A．remember B．forget C．leave D．see 10．A．worry B．love C．play D．use 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国明代著名航海家郑和的生平与伟大贡献。 1．句意：从1405年到1433年，他去了其他国家。 空格处修饰复数名词countries，other后接可数名词复数，表示“其他的”，符合用法与语境。others“其他”，直接使用，后面不接名词；another“另一个”，后接单数可数名词；any“任何”，不符合语境。 2．句意：他从南京出发，带着许多大船和数千人。 此处表示郑和从南京出发开启航行，started符合语境。jumped“跳”，arrived“到达”和walked“走路”不符合逻辑。 3．句意：他的船在当时是世界上最大的。 根据史实，郑和船队的船只在当时是世界上最大的，biggest符合语义。smallest“最小的”，shortest“最短的”和poorest“最穷的”不符合史实和逻辑。 4．句意：在航行中，他将丝绸、茶叶和瓷器运往其他国家。 此处表示郑和将丝绸、茶叶、瓷器带去其他国家，brought是bring的过去式，表示“带去”，符合语境。bought“买”，threw“丢”和sold“卖”不符合逻辑。 5．句意：他也了解了他们的文化和生活方式。 此处表示郑和也了解了到访国家的文化和生活方式，learned about（了解）符合语义。cared about“关心”，gave up“放弃”和went through“经历”不符合逻辑。 6．句意：这些航行在中国历史上非常重要。 后文提到航行促进了贸易和友谊，因此这些航行在中国历史上十分重要，important符合。exciting“兴奋的”，boring“枯燥的”和terrible“糟糕的”不符合逻辑。 7．句意：他们帮助中国与其他国家建立了贸易和友谊。 between…and…是固定搭配，表示“在……和……之间”，符合此处描述中国与其他国家关系的语境，用and。其余选项搭配不当。 8．句意：郑和的航海向世界展示了中国的实力。 前文提到郑和将丝绸、茶叶、瓷器带去其他国家，此处指郑和的航行向世界展现了中国的实力，strength（实力）符合语义。people“人”，food“食物”和ships“船”不符合文意。 9．句意：今天我们仍然铭记郑和。 后文提到郑和是中国人的英雄，因此如今我们仍然记得他，remember符合。forget“忘记”，leave“离开”和see“看见”不符合逻辑。 10．句意：我们非常爱戴他。 前文说明郑和是中国的英雄，因此我们非常爱戴他，love符合语境。 Zheng He’s Fleet In 1402, Zhu Di, the third emperor in the Ming Dynasty, came to 1 in China. He decided to build a treasure fleet (舰队). They were gigantic ships with nine sails. Each one carried a crew of more than 200 sailors. There was 2 room for the large crew and there were luxurious cabins with windows and balconies for important occasions. The emperor chose Zheng He to be the admiral (舰长) of the fleet. By the autumn of 1405, everything was ready and the fleet sailed from Nanjing Harbour, down the Yangtze River and into the East China Sea. They sailed 650 kilometers down the coast. They waited at Taiping 3 favourable monsoon winds to take them over the South China Sea to Champa. The fleet used a magnetic compass to find their 4 when they couldn’t see land. The compass had been invented in China over a thousand years before, in about 200 BCE. Zheng He had been away for almost two years when he finally brought his ship safely home to Nanjing. The voyage had been a great 5 . 1．A．power B．strength C．kingdom D．energy 2．A．large B．many C．plenty of D．a great number of 3．A．at B．in C．on D．for 4．A．time B．situation C．way D．ships 5．A．period B．success C．machine D．device 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了明朝第三位皇帝朱棣于1402年掌权后，决定组建一支宝船舰队，任命郑和为舰长。1405年秋舰队从南京出发，沿海航行并等待季风，利用指南针导航，两年后郑和率船安全返回南京，此次航行大获成功的故事。 1．句意：1402年，明朝第三位皇帝朱棣在中国掌权。 power权力，政权；strength力量；kingdom王国；energy精力。根据“Zhu Di, the third emperor in the Ming Dynasty, came to...in China”可知，皇帝是掌权，“come to power”表示“掌权，上台”，是固定搭配，故选A。 2．句意：船上有足够的空间容纳庞大的船员，还有带窗户和阳台的豪华船舱，用于重要场合。 large大的；many许多，修饰可数名词复数；plenty of大量的，可修饰可数或不可数名词；a great number of许多，修饰可数名词复数。“room”在这里是不可数名词，指“空间”，需用“plenty of”修饰，故选C。 3．句意：他们在太平等待有利的季风，以便带他们穿过南海前往占城。 at在（具体时间点）；in在（年、月、季节等）；on在（具体某一天）；for为了，表目的。根据“They waited at Taiping...favourable monsoon winds”可知，“wait for”表示“等待”，是固定短语，此处指等待季风，故选D。 4．句意：当看不到陆地时，舰队用指南针辨别方向。 time时间；situation情况；way方向，道路；ships船。根据“The fleet used a magnetic compass to find their...when they couldn’t see land”可知，指南针用于辨别方向，“find one’s way”表示“辨别方向，找到路”，故选C。 5．句意：这次航行取得了巨大的成功。 period时期；success成功；machine机器；device设备。根据“brought his ship safely home to Nanjing”可知，郑和率船安全返回，说明航行是“成功”的，故选B。 能力综合实践5篇 Jack London was a famous American writer. He was 1 on January 12, 1876, in San Francisco, California. Jack lived in a poor family, and he had to leave school to make money. He worked hard in many different jobs. Later, Jack 2 to school, but he didn’t stay there long. He wrote, “Life and pocketbooks were both too short.” He wanted to take up something that would make his life different. In 1897, he went to Alaska to look for gold. 3 , he found ideas there for his books and stories. He went back home and started to work. His writings were so successful that he became rich and famous in his 4 . Jack London was not a happy man, however, long-term illnesses made him weak and sad. In poor 5 , he took his own life in 1916. He was only 40 years old then. 1．A．awarded B．killed C．remembered D．born 2．A．came B．returned C．back D．got 3．A．Therefore B．Instead C．Of course D．Unluckily 4．A．twenties B．twentieth C．fortieth D．fifties 5．A．luck B．health C．taste D．country 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了杰克·伦敦，著名美国作家，出身贫寒，早年辍学打工，经历坎坷，赴阿拉斯加淘金，获取创作灵感，写作成功，名利双收，患病后悲观厌世，40岁自杀。 1．句意：他于1876年1月12日出生于加利福尼亚州旧金山。 awarded授予；killed杀害；remembered记住；born出生。根据“he took his own life in 1916. He was only 40 years old then.”可知，他死于1916年，年龄40，所以出生于1876年。故选D。 2．句意：后来，杰克回到了学校，但他并没有在那里待太久。 came来；returned返回；back回；got得到。根据“Later, Jack...to school, but he didn’t stay there long.”可知，此处缺谓语动词；根据“he had to leave school to make money”可知，他离开过学校，所以这次是回到学校，故选B。 3．句意：相反，他在那里为他的书和故事找到了灵感。 Therefore因此；Instead相反；Of course当然；Unluckily不幸地。 根据“In 1897, he went to Alaska to look for gold. ..., he found ideas there for his books and stories.”可知，他本来寻找金子去的，相反，找到了灵感，其他选项不符合句意，故选B。 4．句意：他的作品非常成功，以至于他在20多岁时变得富有和出名。 twenties二十多；twentieth第二十；fortieth第四十；fifties五十多。根据“in his”可知，表达“在某人几十多岁”用基数词复数形式，所以排除B和C选项；根据“He was only 40 years old then.”可知，他没活到50多岁，所以D选项错误，故选A。 5．句意：由于健康状况不佳，他于1916年自杀。 luck运气；health健康；taste品味；country国家。根据“long-term illnesses made him weak and sad”可知，此处指“健康状况不佳”，故选B。 Hua Luogeng, a famous Chinese mathematician (数学家), was born in Jintan County (县), Jiangsu Province in 1910. When he was young, life was very 1 for his family. Still, the boy had great interest in maths. In the summer of 1931, he was 2 enough to become an assistant (助教) in the Maths Department of Tsinghua University. There he spent every moment he could working and studying, and he 3 his course of maths in only 18 months. 4 the years of 1936 and 1938, he did more in Cambridge University in Great Britain. In 1950, together with his family, he 5 to China from the USA．He said, “I am Chinese and I’ll do my best for my 6 .” So he did. He spent all his life on maths study and won great 7 for China. He died of heart attack (心脏病) in 1985 while he was making a speech in Japan. People will always remember him 8 a great mathematician. 1．A．happy B．rich C．hard D．interesting 2．A．old B．lucky C．funny D．unhappy 3．A．started B．stopped C．continued D．finished 4．A．Before B．Between C．After D．When 5．A．got B．travelled C．returned D．came 6．A．family B．country C．university D．life 7．A．fame B．curiosity C．welcome D．happiness 8．A．for B．as C．with D．of 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了著名数学家华罗庚的一生。 1．句意：当他年轻的时候，他的家庭生活非常艰难。 happy开心的；rich富有的；hard艰难的；interesting有趣的。根据“Still, the boy had great interest in maths.”可知，尽管如此，他对数学还是很感兴趣，由此推知，他生活很艰难。故选C。 2．句意：1931年夏，他有幸成为清华大学数学系的一名助教。 old老的；lucky幸运的；funny有趣的；unhappy不开心的。根据“become an assistant(助教) in the Maths Department of Tsinghua University”可知，成为清华大学数学系的一名助教是幸运的。故选B。 3．句意：在那里，他每时每刻都在工作和学习，只用了18个月就完成了数学课程。 started开始；stopped停止；continued继续；finished完成。根据“his course of maths in only 18 months”可知，他仅仅用了18个月就完成了他的数学课程。故选D。 4．句意：1936年至1938年间，他在大不列颠剑桥大学做了更多的工作。 Before在……之前；Between在……之间；After在……之后；When当……时。根据“the years of 1936 and 1938”可知，此处表示“在1936年和1938年之间”，between... and...“在……和……之间”。故选B。 5．句意：1950年，他和家人从美国回到中国。 got到达；travelled旅游；returned返回；came来。根据“to China from the USA”可知，此处指他从美国返回了中国。故选C。 6．句意：他说：“我是中国人，我会为我的国家尽我最大的努力。” family家庭；country国家；university大学；life生活。根据“I am Chinese”可知，他是中国人，所以他会为他的国家尽最大的努力。故选B。 7．句意：他一生都在研究数学，为中国赢得了巨大的声誉。 fame声誉；curiosity好奇心；welcome欢迎；happiness幸福。结合常识可知，华罗庚为中国赢得了巨大的声誉。故选A。 8．句意：人们将永远记住他是一位伟大的数学家。 for为了；as作为；with和；of……的。remember sb as...“记住某人是……”。故选B。 Qian Xuesen: the father of China’s aerospace① Qian Xuesen was a pioneer② in China’s aerospace science and technology. In 1999, he received the Two Bombs and One Satellite Merit Award③. Qian was born in Shanghai in 1911. He studied engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Later, he went to America for more education. In 1939, he got a PhD④ in rocket science and math. He taught at American universities and became 1 for his work. Many people in America and China heard about him and his ideas. When China became a new country in 1949, Qian decided to 2 . After years of effort, he finally came back to China in 1955. He worked very hard to make China’s science and technology better. His biggest 3 was leading the team to build China’s first rocket. Because of him, China joined the small group of countries that could explore space. Today, China’s Long March rockets still use his ideas. Qian loved his country deeply. Qian lived a simple life and was not 4 fame or money. He once said, “The best reward is knowing I helped people.” People 5 him because of his simple life and great work. Qian Xuesen is called the “father of China’s aerospace” and will always be remembered for his amazing work. Word box: ① aerospace航空航天工业  ②pioneer先驱  ③ the Two Bombs and One Satellite Merit Award “两弹一星”功勋奖章  ④PhD博士学位 1．A．hardworking B．famous C．ready D．late 2．A．return home B．study harder C．teach students D．visit friends 3．A．talent B．change C．invention D．success 4．A．happy with B．lucky with C．afraid of D．interested in 5．A．need B．encourage C．admire D．beg 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．C 【导语】文章介绍钱学森的生平、贡献，赞其为中国航天之父。 1．句意：他在美国的大学任教，因他的工作而闻名。 hardworking努力工作的；famous著名的；ready准备好的；late晚的。根据文章第二段下文“Many people in America and China heard about him and his ideas.”及上文可知，许多美国和中国的人听闻他和他的理念，说明他因工作变得有名。故选B。 2．句意：1949年中国成为一个新国家时，钱学森决定回国。 return home回家；study harder更加努力学习；teach students教学生；visit friends拜访朋友。根据文章第三段下文“After years of effort, he finally came back to China in 1955.”可知，这里说的是他决定回到祖国，“return home”表示“回国；回家”。故选A。 3．句意：他最大的成就成功是带领团队制造出中国第一枚火箭。 talent天赋；change改变；invention发明物；success成功。根据文章第三段下文“leading the team to build China’s first rocket.”可知，带领团队制造中国第一枚火箭是他取得的一项成果、成就。故选D。 4．句意：钱学森过着简朴的生活，对名利不感兴趣。 happy with对……感到满意；lucky with很幸运；afraid of害怕的；interested in对……有兴趣。根据文章第四段前后文“Qian lived a simple life…The best reward is knowing I helped people.”可知，钱学森过着简朴生活，认为最好的回报是知道我帮助了人们，说明他对名声和金钱不在意、不感兴趣。故选D。 5．句意：人们因他简朴的生活和杰出的工作而钦佩他。 need需要；encourage鼓励；admire钦佩；beg乞求。根据文章第四段下文“because of his simple life and great work.”可知，钱学森为国家航天事业做出巨大贡献，生活又简朴，人们对他应是怀着钦佩之情。故选C。 Who Set Up the Nobel Prizes? On December 10, 1901, the first Nobel Prizes were awarded. Do you know who set up the prizes? The Nobel Prizes are named after Alfred Nobel, a Swedish scientist. He invented a powerful explosive and it made him very rich. In his will, he left more than nine million U.S. dollars to set up a foundation. It would give awards to people who had helped the world in some way. 1 , there were prizes in only five fields. They were physics, chemistry, literature, physiology (or medicine), and peace. In 1969, the prize for economics was added to the list. Among them, only the Peace Prize can be given to organizations of more than three people. As for the other five prizes, each can be 2 by no more than three people. What do Nobel winners get? Well, besides prize money, each of them receives a gold medal and a certificate. In 1901, the amount of each prize was more than 40,000 U.S. dollars. Last year, it 3 about one million U.S. dollars. The first Nobel Prizes were 4 five years after Alfred Nobel’s death. Since then, they have been given on December 10 each year. But not every one of the six prizes is awarded every year. If the Nobel team can’t find a(n) 5 winner for a prize, it will be omitted. In Alfred Nobel’s will, people from all countries can be awarded the prizes. Everyone has a(n) 6 to get this great honor! 1．A．At first B．By now C．For example D．In fact 2．A．allowed B．enjoyed C．followed D．shared 3．A．gained B．raised C．reached D．saved 4．A．broken down B．handed out C．put off D．run out 5．A．lucky B．necessary C．official D．suitable 6．A．chance B．interest C．plan D．responsibility 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了诺贝尔奖由瑞典科学家阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔设立，旨在奖励为世界做出贡献的人。 1．句意：起初，诺贝尔奖只设立了五个领域。 At first起初；By now到目前为止；For example例如；In fact事实上。根据“In 1969, the prize for economics was added to the list”可知，1969年才新增了经济学奖，所以起初只有五个领域，故选A。 2．句意：至于其他五个奖项，每个奖项最多只能由三个人共同获得。 allowed允许；enjoyed享受；followed跟随；shared分享、共同获得。根据“only the Peace Prize can be given to organizations of more than three people”可知，和平奖可授予三人以上的组织，而其他五个奖项与之不同，最多由三个人共同获得，故选D。 3．句意：1901年，每个奖项的金额超过4万美元。去年，这个金额达到了约100万美元。 gained获得；raised筹集；reached达到；saved节省。根据“In 1901, the amount of each prize was more than 40,000 U.S. dollars”可知，此处是对比不同年份的奖金金额，去年的奖金金额达到了约100万美元，故选C。 4．句意：第一届诺贝尔奖在阿尔弗雷德・诺贝尔去世五年后颁发。 broken down出故障；handed out颁发、分发；put off推迟；run out用完。根据“the first Nobel Prizes were awarded”可知，诺贝尔奖是被颁发的，handed out与awarded意思相近，故选B。 5．句意：如果诺贝尔委员会找不到合适的获奖者，该奖项将会空缺。 lucky幸运的；necessary必要的；official官方的；suitable合适的。根据“it will be omitted”可知，只有找不到合适的获奖者时，奖项才会空缺，故选D。 6．句意：在阿尔弗雷德・诺贝尔的遗嘱中，各国人民都有资格获得这个奖项。每个人都有机会获得这份巨大的荣誉！ chance机会；interest兴趣；plan计划；responsibility责任。根据“people from all countries can be awarded the prizes”可知，各国人民都有资格获奖，即每个人都有获得这份荣誉的机会，故选A。 A famous storyteller Hans Christian Andersen was a famous Danish 1 . He wrote many fairy tales that children still love today. Andersen was born into a 2 family in 1805. His father was a shoemaker. When Andersen was 11, his father died. The boy had to leave school and work. Andersen loved 3 and poetry. When he was 14, he traveled to Copenhagen to become a singer or actor. He didn’t succeed at first. But some people saw that he was 4 and helped him go back to school. Andersen began writing stories when he was a young man. His first book of fairy tales came out in 1835. People loved his stories. He wrote many famous tales 5 “The Ugly Duckling” and “The Little Mermaid”. Today, people have 6 his 200th birthday with celebrations around the world. 1．A．scientist B．inventor C．storyteller D．changer 2．A．rich B．poor C．smart D．successful 3．A．medicine B．theatre C．power D．science 4．A．sick B．real C．smart D．inexpensive 5．A．like B．for C．with D．from 6．A．created B．marked C．lost D．changed 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 【导语】本文介绍了著名丹麦童话作家安徒生。他出身贫寒，早年辍学，热爱戏剧与诗歌，后在他人帮助下重返校园并开始创作。他写出了《丑小鸭》《海的女儿》等经典童话，深受人们喜爱，后世也以各种活动纪念他。 1．句意：汉斯·克里斯蒂安·安徒生是一位著名的丹麦故事讲述者。根据标题“A famous storyteller”以及后文他写童话，storyteller符合语境；scientist“科学家”、inventor“发明家”、changer“改变者”均与语境不符。 2．句意：安徒生1805年出生在一个贫穷的家庭。根据后文“His father was a shoemaker. When Andersen was 11, his father died. The boy had to leave school and work.”可知，父亲是鞋匠且早逝，孩子辍学工作，说明家庭贫穷，故poor符合语境；rich“富有的”、smart“聪明的”、successful“成功的”均不符合。 3．句意：安徒生热爱戏剧和诗歌。根据后文“he traveled to Copenhagen to become a singer or actor”可知，他想成为歌手或演员，说明他热爱戏剧，故theatre符合语境；medicine“医学”、power“权力”、science“科学”均不符合。 4．句意：但有些人看出他很聪明，帮助他回到学校。根据前文他一开始没有成功，但有人愿意帮助他，说明这些人看到了他很聪明，故smart符合语境；sick“生病的”、real“真实的”、inexpensive“不昂贵的”均不符合。 5．句意：他写了许多著名童话，如《丑小鸭》和《小美人鱼》。空格后为具体书名，需填介词表示举例，like“例如”符合语境；for“为了”、with“和……一起”、from“从……”均不符合。 6．句意：如今，世界各地的人们举办庆祝活动来纪念他的200岁诞辰。空格后为his 200th birthday，需填动词，marked“纪念”符合庆祝生日的语境；created“创造”、lost“失去”、changed“改变”均不符合。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 6 Famous people in history 单元话题（历史人物）完形填空进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 Lu Xun was a famous Chinese writer. He is often called the “father of modern Chinese literature” because his works helped shape modern Chinese 1 . He was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Lu Xun wrote about his school days in a book called Morning Flowers Picked at Dusk (《朝花夕拾》). He studied at Sanwei Bookstore, a small school in his hometown Shaoxing. When Lu Xun was a boy, his father became very 2 . Every day before school, young Lu Xun had to sell things and buy medicine. This often made him late for school. His teacher, Mr. Shou Jingwu, was a strict but kind scholar (学者). One morning, after Lu Xun arrived late again, he said: “A student should always be on time. Working hard now brings 3 in the future.” Lu Xun felt 4 ashamed (羞愧的). That day, he took a small knife and carved the word “早” (means “early”) on his desk. From then on, he woke up earlier and never arrived late again. Today, you can still see his desk with the “早” mark at the Sanwei Bookstore Museum in Shaoxing. It reminds us to be 5 and on time! 1．A．writing B．painting C．herbs D．government 2．A．thin B．smart C．poor D．sick 3．A．discovery B．wealth C．success D．attention 4．A．rarely B．hardly C．nearly D．fairly 5．A．different B．hardworking C．brave D．talented 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Long ago, there was a clever boy in China. His name was Sima Guang. One day, he played hide and seek (捉迷藏) 1 other children near a vat (缸). A 7-year-old boy wanted 2 in the big vat. But he didn’t see there was much 3 in the vat. He fell into the water and 4 for help. Seeing that, other 5 were so afraid that they cried for help. But Sima Guang wasn’t 6 at all. He looked around and found a big stone (石头), and then he picked it up and broke the vat. 7 , the water came out of the vat and the boy was saved in time. Most people thought that boy would lose 8 life. In the end, Sima Guang saved the boy. Sima Guang thought the real danger of the child was not the vat, but the water in it. Many people like this story. It 9 us when we are in danger, we can try to find 10 ways to solve (解决) them. 1．A．in B．on C．with 2．A．hid B．hiding C．to hide 3．A．beach B．water C．drink 4．A．worried B．heard C．shouted 5．A．man B．person C．children 6．A．afraid B．excited C．interested 7．A．Slowly B．Suddenly C．Luckily 8．A．he B．his C．him 9．A．says B．tells C．speaks 10．A．right B．dirty C．dark 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。 When Kuang Heng is a little boy, he likes reading very much. However, his family is so poor (贫穷的) that he can’t go to 1 . Later, he learns to read and write from one of his brothers. Kuang Heng doesn’t have money to buy books, so he has to use others’. Books are very 2 things and people who have books don’t want to give their books to others. When it is the busy farming time, Kuang Heng will work for the rich (富有的) families. He 3 wants to read their books by working for them. After some 4 , Kuang Heng grows up and he works on the farm all day long. He doesn’t have much time to read, so he often needs ten days or half a month to 5 a book. Then he has an idea—he can 6 more time at night to read. But Kuang Heng’s parents are so poor that 7 can’t buy lamps (灯) at all. One night, when he is reading the books on the bed, he sees some light (光) coming through (穿过) a small hole (洞) on the 8 . He gets up fast from the bed, takes a small knife (刀) and walks to the wall. He uses the knife to make the hole a 9 one and in this way, more light comes through the hole so that he can sit close to the light to read. 10 Kuang Heng studies hard for a very long time, he becomes a great man in Chinese history. 1．A．bed B．school C．hospital D．work 2．A．boring B．funny C．important D．difficult 3．A．only B．even C．already D．soon 4．A．minutes B．days C．months D．years 5．A．write B．read C．draw D．buy 6．A．make use of B．be interested in C．fall in love with D．get to know 7．A．he B．it C．they D．we 8．A．window B．wall C．bed D．door 9．A．similar B．beautiful C．dark D．big 10．A．Before B．After C．So D．But 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Yanzi was from the State of Qi (齐国). He was an excellent 1 , so the king sent him to visit Chu to ask for help. The king of Chu tried to make Yanzi feel unhappy. He knew Yanzi was short, so he let Yanzi come in through a small hole (洞) when Yanzi 2 . “A state of dogs welcomes its visitors with dog holes. I’m 3 the State of Chu. This hole isn’t for me,” Yanzi said. So they had to let him in 4 the main gate (正门). “Why did Qi send you? Don’t they have anyone better?” The king tried another way to 5 Yanzi. “If Qi meets a great king, it’ll send the 6 official. I’m the terrible one. So I’m here,” Yanzi said. Just then, 7 brought in a thief (小偷). The thief was from Qi. “Yanzi, is Qi a state of thieves?” the king laughed. Yanzi 8 , “The orange trees south of the Huai River grow big and delicious fruit, 9 the orange trees north of the Huai River grow small and bad fruit. The environment (环境) is important. In Qi, people don’t do bad things, but here, they become thieves. What made that 10 a thief here?” The king laughed, “I was wrong about you and your state!” 1．A．official B．farmer C．doctor D．emperor 2．A．left B．arrived C．stayed D．stopped 3．A．improving B．affecting C．visiting D．creating 4．A．through B．upon C．along D．behind 5．A．drop off B．run after C．focus on D．laugh at 6．A．fit B．perfect C．silly D．ugly 7．A．anyone B．no one C．everyone D．someone 8．A．answered B．agreed C．praised D．recorded 9．A．if B．when C．while D．although 10．A．customer B．swimmer C．team D．person Shi Xiang is a Music teacher. He is very good at playing the guqin. And Confucius (孔子) is his 1 . When Confucius begins his first class, he plays the 2 music again and again for many days. One day, Shi Xiang says, “You 3 this music well. Now you can start another piece of music.” Confucius says, “Thank you, 4 I want to know its technique (技巧).” After some days, Confucius can play with the technique. But Confucius still plays many times. Shi Xiang listens to his playing and enjoys it a lot. He says, “Now you can start the next one.” “But I don’t know who wrote 5 .” Confucius says. Confucius keeps playing. One day he stops. He says, “I know the composer (作曲者) is King Wen. Now I can start the next music!” “My teacher seemed (好像) to mention (提到) that this piece of music is called Chant of King Wen.” Shi Xiang says, “You are a 6 learner.” 1．A．friend B．student C．teacher 2．A．different B．old C．same 3．A．play B．know C．like 4．A．and B．but C．so 5．A．you B．him C．it 6．A．good B．new C．kind 进阶拓展训练5篇 Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of music of the 20th century. In his short life, he wrote nearly 300 1 and an opera. Xian was born in Macao, China, in 1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian moved from place to place with his mother. He began learning to play the violin when he was 20 years old. In the 2 , his violin was so cheap and badly made that he could not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop practising and soon showed his talent. In 1934, he was one of the first Chinese students who studied in a special 3 school in Paris. Before he left, Xian became the school’s best student and won some prizes. In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came to Yan’an to teach music at a college. There were no pianos in Yan’an at that time, 4 Xian still wrote some of his most important music there, including The Yellow River, his most famous work. In May 1940, Xian went abroad to write music for movies. When he was abroad, life was very 5 . Xian got sick and later died of a lung illness on October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xian’s music, however, lives on in the people’s hearts. 1．A．words B．songs C．plays D．films 2．A．beginning B．end C．middle D．moment 3．A．sports B．language C．music D．engineering 4．A．because B．and C．so D．but 5．A．happy B．hard C．comfortable D．easy Leonardo da Vinci was one of the greatest geniuses in history. He was not only a famous 1 , but also a scientist, inventor, engineer, and musician. He was born in 1452 in a small town in Italy. From a young age, Leonardo showed a great talent for drawing. His father sent him to study under a famous artist in Florence. Leonardo believed that art and science should work together. He 2 that understanding how things work would make his paintings better. He studied human bodies by cutting them open to see how muscles and bones moved. He watched birds fly and 3 machines that could fly. He designed tanks, bridges, and even robots hundreds of years before they could be built. One of his most famous paintings is the Mona Lisa. People 4 the mysterious smile of the woman in the painting. Another masterpiece, The Last Supper, shows a very important scene from the Bible. These paintings are still studied and admired today. Leonardo wrote his notes backwards in mirror writing. Some people think he did this to keep his ideas 5 . Others believe it was just easier for him as a left-handed person. Whatever the reason, his notebooks contain thousands of drawings and ideas that were far ahead of his time. Sadly, many of Leonardo’s inventions were never built during his lifetime. People didn’t have the technology to 6 his designs. But today, scientists have built models based on his drawings. They are amazed to find that many of his ideas actually work. Leonardo da Vinci truly lived up to his 7 as a “Renaissance Man”—someone with many different talents and interests. 1．A．doctor B．painter C．soldier D．musician 2．A．forgot B．doubted C．realized D．imagined 3．A．drew B．bought C．found D．copied 4．A．create B．admire C．hate D．change 5．A．public B．famous C．secret D．simple 6．A．weigh B．publish C．admire D．build 7．A．weight B．level C．mark D．name 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A long time ago in ancient Greece, there lived a smart scientist named Archimedes. He was interested in numbers, shapes and how things worked. People from near and far often turned to him with 1 . Archimedes always surprised them with clever answers. One day, King Hiero asked for his help. The king had ordered a goldsmith (金匠) to make a gold crown (皇冠). Though the crown looked 2 , some people whispered (窃窃私语) that it was not made of pure gold. The king began to 3 . Had the goldsmith secretly mixed in some cheap silver (银)? “I must know the truth,” he said to the scientist, “but you must not break my crown.” Archimedes 4 the problem day and night. One afternoon, as he stepped into his bath, he saw the water rise and spill (溢出) over the sides. 5 , he had an idea! Shouting “Eureka! Eureka!”, the Greek word that means “I found it”, he rushed out. Archimedes quickly set up his experiment (实验). He 6 a bowl with water and prepared two metal blocks—one gold, one silver. Both were the same 7 as the crown. First, he put in the silver and saw how much water overflowed (溢出). Then he did the same with the gold and 8 that less water spilled. Finally, he tested the crown. It pushed out more 9 than the gold block, proving the crown was not made of pure gold. Thanks to Archimedes’s 10 mind and a warm bath, the answer was finally found! 1．A．presents B．problems C．books D．choices 2．A．large B．famous C．perfect D．terrible 3．A．agree B．regret C．worry D．explain 4．A．thought about B．pointed out C．found out D．wrote about 5．A．Sadly B．Quietly C．Terribly D．Suddenly 6．A．filled B．connected C．started D．provided 7．A．shape B．weight C．value D．smell 8．A．expected B．guessed C．dreamed D．noticed 9．A．water B．air C．salt D．light 10．A．humorous B．funny C．smart D．stupid 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Zheng He was a very famous Chinese navigator (航海家). He lived during the Ming Dynasty (朝代). From 1405 to 1433, he went to 1 countries. He 2 from Nanjing with a lot of big ships and thousands of men. He visited more than 30 countries and areas. His ships were the 3 in the world at that time. On the voyages (航行), he 4 silk, tea and china to other countries. He also 5 their cultures and ways of life. He tried to make friends with the people there. These voyages were very 6 in Chinese history. They helped open up trade (贸易) and friendship between China 7 other countries. Zheng He’s voyages showed China’s 8 to the world. Today we still 9 Zheng He. He is a hero (英雄) to all Chinese people. We 10 him very much. 1．A．other B．others C．another D．any 2．A．jumped B．started C．arrived D．walked 3．A．smallest B．biggest C．shortest D．poorest 4．A．bought B．threw C．brought D．sold 5．A．learned about B．cared about C．gave up D．went through 6．A．exciting B．boring C．important D．terrible 7．A．or B．and C．but D．so 8．A．people B．food C．ships D．strength 9．A．remember B．forget C．leave D．see 10．A．worry B．love C．play D．use Zheng He’s Fleet In 1402, Zhu Di, the third emperor in the Ming Dynasty, came to 1 in China. He decided to build a treasure fleet (舰队). They were gigantic ships with nine sails. Each one carried a crew of more than 200 sailors. There was 2 room for the large crew and there were luxurious cabins with windows and balconies for important occasions. The emperor chose Zheng He to be the admiral (舰长) of the fleet. By the autumn of 1405, everything was ready and the fleet sailed from Nanjing Harbour, down the Yangtze River and into the East China Sea. They sailed 650 kilometers down the coast. They waited at Taiping 3 favourable monsoon winds to take them over the South China Sea to Champa. The fleet used a magnetic compass to find their 4 when they couldn’t see land. The compass had been invented in China over a thousand years before, in about 200 BCE. Zheng He had been away for almost two years when he finally brought his ship safely home to Nanjing. The voyage had been a great 5 . 1．A．power B．strength C．kingdom D．energy 2．A．large B．many C．plenty of D．a great number of 3．A．at B．in C．on D．for 4．A．time B．situation C．way D．ships 5．A．period B．success C．machine D．device 能力综合实践5篇 Jack London was a famous American writer. He was 1 on January 12, 1876, in San Francisco, California. Jack lived in a poor family, and he had to leave school to make money. He worked hard in many different jobs. Later, Jack 2 to school, but he didn’t stay there long. He wrote, “Life and pocketbooks were both too short.” He wanted to take up something that would make his life different. In 1897, he went to Alaska to look for gold. 3 , he found ideas there for his books and stories. He went back home and started to work. His writings were so successful that he became rich and famous in his 4 . Jack London was not a happy man, however, long-term illnesses made him weak and sad. In poor 5 , he took his own life in 1916. He was only 40 years old then. 1．A．awarded B．killed C．remembered D．born 2．A．came B．returned C．back D．got 3．A．Therefore B．Instead C．Of course D．Unluckily 4．A．twenties B．twentieth C．fortieth D．fifties 5．A．luck B．health C．taste D．country Hua Luogeng, a famous Chinese mathematician (数学家), was born in Jintan County (县), Jiangsu Province in 1910. When he was young, life was very 1 for his family. Still, the boy had great interest in maths. In the summer of 1931, he was 2 enough to become an assistant (助教) in the Maths Department of Tsinghua University. There he spent every moment he could working and studying, and he 3 his course of maths in only 18 months. 4 the years of 1936 and 1938, he did more in Cambridge University in Great Britain. In 1950, together with his family, he 5 to China from the USA．He said, “I am Chinese and I’ll do my best for my 6 .” So he did. He spent all his life on maths study and won great 7 for China. He died of heart attack (心脏病) in 1985 while he was making a speech in Japan. People will always remember him 8 a great mathematician. 1．A．happy B．rich C．hard D．interesting 2．A．old B．lucky C．funny D．unhappy 3．A．started B．stopped C．continued D．finished 4．A．Before B．Between C．After D．When 5．A．got B．travelled C．returned D．came 6．A．family B．country C．university D．life 7．A．fame B．curiosity C．welcome D．happiness 8．A．for B．as C．with D．of Qian Xuesen: the father of China’s aerospace① Qian Xuesen was a pioneer② in China’s aerospace science and technology. In 1999, he received the Two Bombs and One Satellite Merit Award③. Qian was born in Shanghai in 1911. He studied engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Later, he went to America for more education. In 1939, he got a PhD④ in rocket science and math. He taught at American universities and became 1 for his work. Many people in America and China heard about him and his ideas. When China became a new country in 1949, Qian decided to 2 . After years of effort, he finally came back to China in 1955. He worked very hard to make China’s science and technology better. His biggest 3 was leading the team to build China’s first rocket. Because of him, China joined the small group of countries that could explore space. Today, China’s Long March rockets still use his ideas. Qian loved his country deeply. Qian lived a simple life and was not 4 fame or money. He once said, “The best reward is knowing I helped people.” People 5 him because of his simple life and great work. Qian Xuesen is called the “father of China’s aerospace” and will always be remembered for his amazing work. Word box: ① aerospace航空航天工业  ②pioneer先驱  ③ the Two Bombs and One Satellite Merit Award “两弹一星”功勋奖章  ④PhD博士学位 1．A．hardworking B．famous C．ready D．late 2．A．return home B．study harder C．teach students D．visit friends 3．A．talent B．change C．invention D．success 4．A．happy with B．lucky with C．afraid of D．interested in 5．A．need B．encourage C．admire D．beg Who Set Up the Nobel Prizes? On December 10, 1901, the first Nobel Prizes were awarded. Do you know who set up the prizes? The Nobel Prizes are named after Alfred Nobel, a Swedish scientist. He invented a powerful explosive and it made him very rich. In his will, he left more than nine million U.S. dollars to set up a foundation. It would give awards to people who had helped the world in some way. 1 , there were prizes in only five fields. They were physics, chemistry, literature, physiology (or medicine), and peace. In 1969, the prize for economics was added to the list. Among them, only the Peace Prize can be given to organizations of more than three people. As for the other five prizes, each can be 2 by no more than three people. What do Nobel winners get? Well, besides prize money, each of them receives a gold medal and a certificate. In 1901, the amount of each prize was more than 40,000 U.S. dollars. Last year, it 3 about one million U.S. dollars. The first Nobel Prizes were 4 five years after Alfred Nobel’s death. Since then, they have been given on December 10 each year. But not every one of the six prizes is awarded every year. If the Nobel team can’t find a(n) 5 winner for a prize, it will be omitted. In Alfred Nobel’s will, people from all countries can be awarded the prizes. Everyone has a(n) 6 to get this great honor! 1．A．At first B．By now C．For example D．In fact 2．A．allowed B．enjoyed C．followed D．shared 3．A．gained B．raised C．reached D．saved 4．A．broken down B．handed out C．put off D．run out 5．A．lucky B．necessary C．official D．suitable 6．A．chance B．interest C．plan D．responsibility A famous storyteller Hans Christian Andersen was a famous Danish 1 . He wrote many fairy tales that children still love today. Andersen was born into a 2 family in 1805. His father was a shoemaker. When Andersen was 11, his father died. The boy had to leave school and work. Andersen loved 3 and poetry. When he was 14, he traveled to Copenhagen to become a singer or actor. He didn’t succeed at first. But some people saw that he was 4 and helped him go back to school. Andersen began writing stories when he was a young man. His first book of fairy tales came out in 1835. People loved his stories. He wrote many famous tales 5 “The Ugly Duckling” and “The Little Mermaid”. Today, people have 6 his 200th birthday with celebrations around the world. 1．A．scientist B．inventor C．storyteller D．changer 2．A．rich B．poor C．smart D．successful 3．A．medicine B．theatre C．power D．science 4．A．sick B．real C．smart D．inexpensive 5．A．like B．for C．with D．from 6．A．created B．marked C．lost D．changed 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $