Unit 6 Famous people in history 单元话题（历史人物）阅读匹配进阶练12篇（中考新题型）-2025-2026学年六年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教版五四制）

**基本信息** 以历史人物为主题，分基础、进阶、综合三层次设计12篇阅读匹配训练，系统提升语言理解与文化认知能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础入门训练|4篇（如迪士尼、毛泽东）|句间信息补全，7选5/6选5|从人物生平细节理解到简单逻辑衔接，培养基础语言能力| |进阶拓展训练|4篇（如鲁迅、李白）|人物-兴趣匹配、对话补全|从单一人物到多人物关联，提升信息筛选与文化理解| |能力综合实践|4篇（如曹冲称象、愚公移山）|历史故事-寓意匹配、复杂逻辑补全|从史实到精神内涵，深化思维品质与跨文化意识|

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 6 Famous people in history 单元话题（历史人物）阅读匹配进阶练12篇（中考新题型） 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。 Walt Disney had a great love for drawing since he was a kid. He would draw whenever he had free time. 1 His simple drawings of animals and people were full of life. As he grew up, Disney didn’t stop following his hobby. He tried to turn his drawings into something more. 2 These short films were the start of his big dream. Making cartoon films wasn’t easy. Disney faced lots of problems. But he never gave up. 3 His hard work made his films better and better. Finally, his efforts paid off. Disney created many world-famous characters like Mickey Mouse. These lovely characters brought joy to millions of people all over the world. 4 People around the world loved these characters. Walt Disney’s story shows us that if you love something and work hard on it, you can turn your hobby into a career (事业). 5 You can make a big difference in your life. A．He kept practicing his drawing skills. B．He made some short cartoon films. C．His company became very successful. D．His family always supported his hobby. E．His drawings showed his special ideas. F．So, find your hobby and stick to (坚持) it. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文通过Walt Disney的成长故事，说明坚持热爱并不断努力，最终能将爱好转化为成功事业，激励读者发掘并坚持自己的兴趣。 1．根据“His simple drawings of animals and people were full of life.”可知，此处介绍他的绘画内容，选项E“他的画作展示了他的特殊想法。”符合，故选E。 2．根据“These short films were the start of his big dream.”可知，此处提到了短电影，选项B“他制作了一些卡通短片。”符合，故选B。 3．根据“But he never gave up.”可知，他没有放弃，选项A“他不断练习自己的绘画技巧。”符合，故选A。 4．根据“Disney created many world-famous characters like Mickey Mouse. These lovely characters brought joy to millions of people all over the world.”可知，此处描述了他的成功，选项C“他的公司变得非常成功。”符合，故选C。 5．根据“You can make a big difference in your life.”可知，此处是对读者的建议，选项F“所以，找到你的爱好并坚持下去。”符合，故选F。 There are two pairs of swimming trunks (游泳裤) in Shaoshan Mao Zedong Memorial Museum (韶山毛泽东同志纪念馆). 1 Mao Zedong loved swimming. 2 Once, he took a few classmates to swim. His teacher got very angry (生气的). As young as he was at the time, Mao Zedong said, “The wise find pleasure in water, the virtuous find pleasure in mountains.” (智者乐水，仁者乐山) While studying at Hunan First Normal School (湖南第一师范学校), Mao tried many sports such as basketball, football and table tennis. 3 He often swam in the Xiang River. Later, he organized (组织) a swimming team at school. They swam not only in summer but also in winter. 4 In May 1956, he went to Wuhan and swam across the Yangtze River, People were so surprised. In the next four years, he swam across the river three more times. If the young are strong, the country will be strong. 5 This is what we can learn from Mao Zedong’s story. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A．He grew up by the river and learnt to swim at an early age. B．Mao Zedong kept up his swimming habit, although he was busy working. C．But his favorite was boating. D．One is red and the other is white. E．We teenagers should not only study hard but also have a strong build. F．But his favorite was swimming. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．F 4．B 5．E 【导语】本文主要讲述了毛泽东同志热爱游泳的故事，包括他早年的游泳经历、组织游泳队以及横渡长江的事迹，并引申出青少年应注重全面发展的启示。 1．根据“There are two pairs of swimming trunks (游泳裤) in Shaoshan Mao Zedong Memorial Museum (韶山毛泽东同志纪念馆).”可知，此处应与两条游泳裤有关。选项D“一条是红色的，另一条是白色的。”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“Mao Zedong loved swimming.”和“Once, he took a few classmates to swim.”可知，此处与毛泽东喜欢游泳的原因有关。选项A“他在河边长大，很小就学会了游泳。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“Mao tried many sports such as basketball, football and table tennis.”和“He often swam in the Xiang River.”可知，此处应强调游泳是毛泽东的最爱。选项F“但他最喜欢的是游泳。”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据“In May 1956, he went to Wuhan and swam across the Yangtze River, People were so surprised. In the next four years, he swam across the river three more times.”可知，此处与毛泽东坚持游泳有关。选项B“毛泽东虽然工作繁忙，但仍然保持着游泳的习惯。”符合语境。故选B。 5．根据“If the young are strong, the country will be strong.”可知，此处与青少年要强壮有关。选项E“我们青少年不仅要努力学习，还要有强健的体格。”符合语境。故选E。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 In Hanyang, Hubei Province, there is a place called Guqin Platform (古琴台). 1 . Yu Boya is a great musician of the Zhou Dynasty (朝). He is famous for playing the qin. But he is always unhappy 2 . On the night of one Mid-Autumn Festival, Yu is playing the qin on a boat. As he finishes playing it, he hears a loud applause (掌声). 3 . Yu invites him to come on board, and talks about music with him. He is quite surprised at Zhong’s deep understanding, and he thinks of Zhong as his “zhi yin” (知音). Yu has to leave to go on with his journey (旅程), but they decide to meet one year later. 4 . Yu waits and waits, but Zhong doesn’t come at all. Then he finds a grave (坟墓) with the name of Zhong Ziqi along the river. He plays a piece of music with tears. 5 . Nobody will understand him, he thinks. Ever since that day, the expression “zhi yin” usually means a friend who knows your heart. A．It comes from a young man named Zhong Ziqi B．It is named in memory (记忆) of Yu Boya C．Then he breaks (使断裂) his qin D．because he thinks no one can understand his music E．It is time for them to meet again F．because he thinks one person can understand his music 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了古琴台的由来以及俞伯牙与钟子期“知音”的故事。 1．根据“In Hanyang, Hubei Province, there is a place called Guqin Platform (古琴台).”可知，此处需说明古琴台的来历。选项B“它是为纪念俞伯牙而命名的”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“But he is always unhappy”可知，此处与不开心的原因有关。选项D“因为他认为没有人能理解他的音乐”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“As he finishes playing it, he hears a loud applause (掌声)”可知，此处应与掌声的来源有关。选项A“它来自一个叫钟子期的年轻人”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“Yu waits and waits, but Zhong doesn’t come at all.”可知，此处与见面有关。选项E“是他们再次会面的时候了”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据“He plays a piece of music with tears.”和“Nobody will understand him, he thinks.”可知，此处与俞伯牙因知音离开而采取的行动有关。选项C“然后他折断了他的琴”符合语境。故选C。 Kong Rong is a great writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty (东汉). 1 He has five elder (年长的) brothers and a younger brother. His parents love them. Kong Rong is a nice boy. One day, his family has some pears. Some are big, and some are small. 2 But Kong Rong doesn’t want to get a big pear. He lets his brothers choose first. They all choose the big ones. 3 He says, “My five brothers are older and one is younger, so they should have the big ones.” His father is happy with him. He says, “ 4 He gives the big pears to others. He always puts others before himself.” Everyone in the family learns from Kong Rong. Children today also know Kong Rong. His story tells us an important lesson (道理). 5 根据语篇内容，从所给的选项中选择能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，选项中有一项为多余项。 A．He has a big family. B．All the children like pears. C．Kong Rong is a good boy. D．Then he chooses a small pear. E．His mother buys pears from the market. F．We should be kind to others and learn to share. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文主要讲述了孔融让梨的故事，通过孔融的行为传达了要友善待人、学会分享的道理。 1．根据“He has five elder (年长的) brothers and a younger brother. His parents love them.”可知此处介绍他的家庭情况，选项A“他有一个大家庭。 ”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据“But Kong Rong doesn’t want to get a big pear.”以及下文内容可知孩子们都喜欢梨，结合选项可知，选项B“所有的孩子都喜欢梨。 ”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据“But Kong Rong doesn’t want to get a big pear. He lets his brothers choose first. They all choose the big ones.”以及“He says, ‘My five brothers are older and one is younger, so they should have the big ones.’”可知，孔融让哥哥和弟弟们先选，他们都选了大梨，所以此处应说明孔融的选择，选项D“然后他选了一个小梨。 ”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据“He gives the big pears to others. He always puts others before himself.”可知，父亲对孔融的行为感到高兴，认为孔融是个好孩子，选项C“孔融是个好孩子。”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据“His story tells us an important lesson (道理).”可知孔融的故事告诉我们一个重要的道理，此处应说明这个道理是什么，选项F“我们应该善待他人，学会分享。”符合语境。故选F。 进阶拓展训练4篇 A-F分别是六位名人的简介。有五位想借阅名人传记书籍的同学，请为每位同学选择符合他们兴趣的名人简介，以此帮助他们进一步了解相关信息。 1 Tom is curious about the universe. His dream is to be a physicist. He wants to understand how the world works from now on. 2 Linda loves reading and writing. She dreams of creating her own stories and poems one day and wants to learn from the best. 3 David believes good qualities and moral values are very important. He is looking for a role model who taught about life and wisdom. 4 Sarah enjoys making people laugh and is a fan of silent movies. She hopes to share her humor by expressing herself. 5 Kevin is very interested in medicine. He wants to learn how ancient medical scientists helped sick people. A．Charlie Chaplin-A great comic actor who brought people laughter without saying a word in the film. His humor helped people go through hard times. B．Albert Einstein-One of the greatest scientists of the 20th century. His theories help us understand how the universe works. C． Confucius-An ancient Chinese teacher and philosopher. He spent his life teaching and sharing wise ideas about life and learning. D．Li Shizhen-A great medical scientist from ancient China. After years of medical research, he wrote Ben Cao Gang Mu to help and save people. E. Jane Goodall-A famous expert on animals. She lived in the forest to study and protect chimpanzees, showing us how to respect animals and nature. F. William Shakespeare-A great playwright and poet who wrote over 30 plays and hundreds of poems. His stories teach us about human nature. 【答案】1．B 2．F 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了六位名人的简介，以匹配Tom、Linda、David、Sarah及Kevin各自的选择。 1．根据“Tom is curious about the universe. His dream is to be a physicist. He wants to understand how the world works from now on.”可知，Tom对宇宙好奇，梦想成为物理学家。选项B“阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦——是20世纪最伟大的科学家之一，其理论帮助理解宇宙运行。”与之匹配。故选B。 2．根据“Linda loves reading and writing. She dreams of creating her own stories and poems one day and wants to learn from the best.”可知，Linda热爱读写，梦想创作故事和诗歌。选项F“威廉・莎士比亚——一位伟大的剧作家和诗人，创作了30多部戏剧和数百首诗歌。他的作品让我们洞察人性。”与之匹配。故选F。 3．根据“David believes good qualities and moral values are very important. He is looking for a role model who taught about life and wisdom.”可知，David重视品质和道德价值，寻找传授生活智慧的榜样。选项C“孔子——中国古代的教育家和哲学家。他一生都在教书育人，分享关于人生和学习的智慧思想。”与之匹配。故选C。 4．根据“Sarah enjoys making people laugh and is a fan of silent movies. She hopes to share her humor by expressing herself.”可知，Sarah喜欢逗人发笑，是默片粉丝。选项A“查理・卓别林——一位伟大的喜剧演员，他在电影中无需台词就能为人们带来欢笑。他的幽默帮助人们度过了艰难岁月。”与之匹配。故选A。 5．根据“Kevin is very interested in medicine. He wants to learn how ancient medical scientists helped sick people.”可知，Kevin对医学感兴趣，想了解古代医学家如何帮助病人。选项D“李时珍——中国古代伟大的医学家。经过多年的医学研究，他编写了《本草纲目》来救治世人。”与之匹配。故选D。 从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使对话通顺，结构完整，其中一项是多余选项。 Do you know who Lu Xun is? 1 We know some of his works, like From Baicao Garden to Sanwei Study and My Old Home. There are many characters (人物) in his works. 2 Lu Xun’s real name is Zhou Shuren. 3 This year is the 143rd anniversary (周年) of his birth. Now people still talk about this great writer. Lu Xun loved our country and people. He went to Japan to study medical science. 4 . But later, he started writing, because he wanted to use his writings to inspire (激励) people. 5 He opened a new page for Chinese literature. Many students want to read more books by Lu Xun. A．Runtu is one of them. B．This isn’t a difficult question for us. C．His words are always in the notebooks. D．His birthday is on September 25th, 1881. E．Lu Xun is called “the father of modern Chinese literature (文学)”. F．In the beginning, he dreamed of being a doctor and making people healthy. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文主要介绍了鲁迅的文学成就。 1．根据上文“Do you know who Lu Xun is?”以及下文“We know some of his works, like From Baicao Garden to Sanwei Study and My Old Home”可知，此处是对反问问题的回答。选项B“对于我们来说，这不是个难回答的问题。”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“There are many characters (人物) in his works”可知，此处介绍了鲁迅作品中的人物。选项A“闰土是其中之一。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据上文“Lu Xun’s real name is Zhou Shuren.”可知，此句介绍了鲁迅个人信息。选项D“他的生日是1881年9月25日。”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据上文“He went to Japan to study medical science.”可知，此句介绍了鲁迅的求学情况。选项F“一开始他梦想成为一名医生，让人们健康。”符合语境。故选F。 5．根据下文“He opened a new page for Chinese literature. Many students want to read more books by Lu Xun.”可知，此句介绍了鲁迅的文学成就。选项E“鲁迅被称为‘中国现代文学之父’。”符合语境。故选E。 阅读短文，从短文后A至F六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Look at the picture on the right. It tells a famous Chinese idiom (成语) NangYing YingXue. Long long ago in Jin Dynasty, there was a child called Che Yin. He loved reading. 1 They didn’t have money to buy lamp oil (灯油) for Che Yin to read at night. One night, when Che Yin tried to read, he saw fireflies (萤火虫) flying outside his house. Suddenly he had an idea, “ 2 ” He went out and got some fireflies in a bag. Then he used the bag as a lamp. 3 He began to read like this at night. Another boy Sun Kang also loved reading. One night, Sun Kang didn’t have lamp oil, so he couldn’t read. When he got up at night, he found it was bright outside his house. The snow reflected (反射) the moonlight and made it bright. “ 4 ” he said to himself. He took out his books and read. 5 But this didn’t stop him from reading. What can we learn from Che Yin and Sun Kang, my dear friends? A．It worked! B．His parents were poor. C．It was very cold outside. D．He got a chair and went out. E．I will make fireflies my lamp! F．I can use the reflected light to read. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了“囊萤映雪”的故事。 1．根据下文“They didn’t have money to buy lamp oil (灯油) for Che Yin to read at night.”可知没钱给车胤买灯油读书，说明他们很穷；选项B“他的父母很贫穷。”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据上文“he saw fireflies (萤火虫) flying outside his house.”和下文“He went out and got some fireflies in a bag.”可知，他的想法是把萤火虫装进袋子里，做成一个灯，利用萤火虫聚集在一起散发出来的光读书；选项E“我要让萤火虫成为我的灯！”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据下文“He began to read like this at night.”可知，用萤火虫做的灯起作用了；选项A“它起作用了！”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据上文“The snow reflected (反射) the moonlight and made it bright.”和下文“He took out his books and read.”可知，孙康决定利用雪的反光读书；选项F“我可以用反射光看书。”符合语境。故选F。 5．根据上文“The snow reflected (反射) the moonlight and made it bright.”可知是下雪天，天气寒冷；选项C“外面非常冷。”符合语境。故选C。 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使其意思通顺。 Welcome back to the Tang Dynasty. There are so many famous poets (诗人). Do you want to know them? 1 ★Hello everyone, I’m Li Bai. I enjoy drinking and writing poetry (诗). Many people call me “Poet Immortal”. I think you must know my poem Jing Ye Si. If not, you may not listen carefully in your Chinese class. I have many friends, such as Du Fu and Meng Haoran. 2 ★Hi, I’m Du Fu, a friend of Li Bai. 3 Chun Ye Xi Yu is one of my most famous poems. 4 So people call me “Poet-Sage (诗圣)”. Li Bai and I are good friends. I often write poems as gifts for him. ★I am Meng Haoran. I’m 12 years older than Li Bai. 5 People call me a “Poet of Nature” because of this. I write poems to show the real life and true feelings of poor people. Both Li Bai and I love poetry and the beauty of nature. So we are good friends. A．The poem ChunXiao is one of my most famous poems. B．We all love writing poetry. C．I love nature and often write poems about rivers, mountains, and the beauty of life. D．I’m 11 years younger than Li Bai. E．Here are three of the most famous poets in the Tang Dynasty. F．He is famous for his poetry. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要以第一人称介绍了李白、杜甫、孟浩然这三位著名的唐代诗人。 1．上文要介绍唐代诗人，下文介绍了三位唐代诗人，因此结合上下文可知，此句需要一个过渡句。E项“这里是三位唐代最著名的诗人。”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据前文“I have many friends, such as Du Fu and Meng Haoran.”可知李白和杜甫以及孟浩然是朋友，他们有共同的爱好。B项“我们都热爱写诗”符合语境。故选B。 3．结合前文“Hi, I’m Du Fu, a friend of Li Bai.”和下文“I’m 12 years older than Li Bai.”可知横线处要对比杜甫与李白的年龄。D项“我比李白小11岁。”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据后文“So people call me ‘Poet-Sage (诗圣)’.”可知人们称杜甫为“诗圣”，此处应说明杜甫写诗的风格特点，以解释为什么人们称他为“诗圣”。C项“我热爱大自然，经常写关于河流、山脉和生活之美的诗。”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据前文在介绍每位诗人的时候，都介绍了他们的代表作，此处也应介绍孟浩然的作品，也可根据后文“People call me a ‘Poet of Nature’ because of this.”可知，因为孟浩然热衷于写山水田园，所以人们称其为“田园诗人”。A项“《春晓》是我最著名的诗之一”符合语境。故选A。 能力综合实践4篇 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 During the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), King Zhao of the State of Yan (燕昭王) wanted to get talented people to work for him. When he asked a learned man named Guo Wei for advice. 1 There was once a king who wanted a special kind of horse. This horse could run 1,000 li a day. It was called qianlima. The king sent many people to find these horses and buy them for him. 2 One day, someone new volunteered to help. Only three months later, he heard about a qianlima. He hurried to find it, but the horse had already died. 3 The king was very angry. “What I want is a live horse, not the bones of a dead (死的) horse!” The man said calmly, “ 4 This shows people you truly wish to buy the horses. Just wait and the horses you want will come very soon.” That was true. Within a year, many qianlima owners brought their horses to the king. Guo told the king that he could see himself as the bones of the horse. He said, “ 5 ” The king built houses for Guo and took him as a respected teacher. Soon, more talented people came to help the king and made the state strong. A．After three years, nobody found him such a horse. B．Still, he bought the bones of the horse with 500 pieces of gold. C．Guo told him the story of buying horse bones with 500 pieces of gold (金). D．If you value me, more talent people will be willing to serve (服务) the state. E．Guo Wei later became the most important leader in Yan and led all the soldiers (士兵). F．Think about it. You’re willing to pay a high price for a dead horse, let alone a live one. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文讲述了燕昭王通过“千金买骨”的故事招揽人才，最终使国家强大的典故。 1．根据“When he asked a learned man named Guo Wei for advice”可知燕昭王向郭隗求教，故空处应是郭隗给出的建议，选项C“郭隗给他讲了一个用五百金买马骨的故事”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据“The king sent many people to find these horses and buy them for him”及后文可知寻找千里马的过程，选项A“三年过去了，没有人找到这样的马”能衔接上下文，故选A。 3．根据“he heard about a qianlima…but the horse had already died”及后文买马骨的情节，选项B“但他仍然用五百金买下了这匹马的骨头”是合理发展，故选B。 4．根据“This shows people you truly wish to buy the horses”可知此处是解释买马骨的意义，选项F“想想看，你连死马都愿意高价购买，何况活马呢”符合说理逻辑，故选F。 5．根据“He could see himself as the bones of the horse”及后文招揽人才的结局，选项D“如果您重视我，更多人才会愿意来效忠燕国”是郭隗的劝谏核心，故选D。 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面的六个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。一空一句。 Cao Chong Weighed (称重) an Elephant A long time ago, there were no elephants in the State of Wei. One day, the king got an elephant as a gift from the State of Wu. 1 Everyone was excited about it and had a question—how much did it weigh? But there was a problem: 2 At that time, no scales (秤) could weigh such a large animal. The king had a young son named Cao Chong. He said, “Father, I know how to weigh it.” Firstly, nobody believed the boy. But after he told them his idea, they all thought it was a good one. “Here’s what you should do. Follow me,” the boy said to the ministers (大臣). “ 3 Next, draw a line on the side of the boat at the water level (水平面). Then, let the elephant get off the boat. Collect a lot of big stones. Put the stones in the boat until the boat falls to the same water level. Then take the stones out of the boat and weigh them one by one. 4 Finally, you can know how much the elephant weighs.” “ 5 ” shouted the people. Soon everyone in the country knew that the king had a clever son. A．Wonderful! What a clever boy! B．First, let the elephant stand in a big boat on the water. C．How to weigh it? D．This can make you feel happy. E．In this way, we can know the weight of the stones. F．People were very happy to see this big animal. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．B 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了曹冲称象的故事。 1．根据“A long time ago, there were no elephants in the State of Wei.”可知，魏国没有大象，所以人们看到大象应该感到开心，F项“人们很高兴看到这只大动物。”符合语境。故选F。 2．根据“But there was a problem:”可知，此处应说明问题是什么，C项“如何称它的重量？”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据“Next, Draw a line on the side of the boat at the water level (水平面).”可知，此处介绍称大象体重的第一个步骤，B项“首先，让大象站在水面上的一艘大船上。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“Next, Draw a line on the side of the boat at the water level (水平面) ... Then take the stones out of the boat and weigh them one by one”可知，前文具体介绍了称重步骤，此处是总结，E项“这样，我们就能知道石头的重量。”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据“Soon everyone in the country knew that the king had a clever son.”可知，人们夸赞曹冲是一个聪明的孩子，A项“太棒了！多聪明的男孩啊！”符合语境。故选A。 1-5是五个人寻找榜样的意向，A—F是六位杰出人物的相关信息。请根据五个人的意向，为他们匹配合适的榜样。 1 He Ping thinks engineers are cool. He wants to learn from the designer of China’s first nuclear submarine. 2 Wu Li always wants to study traditional Chinese medicine. She wants to learn from a Chinese who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. 3 Gao Xing is quite interested in space exploration. He wants to read the stories about the designer of BeiDou. 4 Liu Ting would like to write about a person who was awarded the title of Combat Hero twice during the War of Liberation. 5 Zhang Qinqin wants to learn something about a physicist who designed China’s first hydrogen bomb (氢弹). A．On 17 June, 1967, China’s first hydrogen bomb was invented. As a physicist, Yu Min played an important role in this event. B．Sun Jiadong is a great scientist who develops Chinese space exploration. He is one of the designers of BeiDou. C． Shen Jilan is a lifelong lawmaker. She came up with the idea of equal pay for equal work between men and women. D．Huang Xuhua is one of the designers of China’s first nuclear submarine. It took its first test dive on 26 December, 1970. E. Zhang Fuqing was a soldier during the War of Liberation. He was awarded the title of Combat Hero twice. F. Tu Youyou is known for winning the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. Her finding has saved the lives of millions of people. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．B 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了五个人寻找榜样的意向，并介绍了于敏、孙家栋、申纪兰、黄旭华、张富清、屠呦呦等几位杰出人物及其在各自领域的重大贡献。 1．根据“He Ping thinks engineers are cool.He wants to learn from the designer of China’s first nuclear submarine.”可知，He Ping想向中国第一艘核潜艇的设计师学习，选项D“黄旭华是中国第一艘核潜艇的设计者之一。1970 年 12 月 26 日，该核潜艇进行了首次试潜。”与之对应。故选D。 2．根据“Wu Li always wants to study traditional Chinese medicine. She wants to learn from a Chinese who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”可知，Wu Li想向获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的中国人学习中医，选项F“屠呦呦因在 2015 年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖而闻名。她的发现拯救了数百万人的生命。”与之对应。故选F。 3．根据“Gao Xing is quite interested in space exploration. He wants to read the stories about the designer of BeiDou.”可知，Gao Xing对太空探索感兴趣，想了解北斗设计师的故事，选项B“孙家栋是一位伟大的科学家，致力于中国的太空探索事业。他是北斗卫星的设计者之一。”与之对应。故选B。 4．根据“Liu Ting would like to write about a person who was awarded the title of Combat Hero twice during the War of Liberation.”可知，Liu Ting想写一位在解放战争中两次被授予战斗英雄称号的人，选项E“张富清是解放战争时期的一名战士。他两次被授予战斗英雄称号。”与之对应。故选E。 5．根据“Zhang Qinqin wants to learn something about a physicist who designed China’s first hydrogen bomb (氢弹).”可知，Zhang Qinqin想了解设计中国第一颗氢弹的物理学家，选项A“1967年6月17日，中国第一颗氢弹研制成功。作为一名物理学家，于敏在这一事件中发挥了重要作用。”与之对应。故选A。 配对阅读。请阅读下面五个中国历史故事，再结合方框中A—F介绍的六个中国历史故事的寓意（其中有一个是多余的），仔细判断将故事和寓意进行匹配。 1 Goujian, the King of Yue, was caught by the State of Wu. He was asked to do hard work. Three years later, he came back but still kept living a hard life. Finally, he made his state beat the State of Wu. 2 Yu Boya was good at playing an instrument called qin. One day, while he was playing his best work, he met Zhong Ziqi, who enjoyed his music so much that they became best friends. After Zhong died, Yu never played qin again. 3 Mao Sui was a quiet man. One day, his team needed help. Though others didn’t believe in him, he said, “I can do it!” He spoke bravely to the king, showed his wisdom and helped his team win. 4 A farmer saw a rabbit knock into a big tree and die. Without any effort, he happily enjoyed a meal of rabbit meat. Then he did nothing and just waited for another rabbit day after day, but he got nothing. 5 Shang Yang set up a long pole (柱子) at the south gate. He promised that anyone who could take it to the north gate would get much money. A man made it and was given the money. People thought he was honest, so they followed his new rules and made Qin stronger. A．Good friends often share the same interest. They can understand each other and play well. B．A man who wants to make a country strong must first win the trust (信任) of its people. C． We should not wait for unexpected things only by luck. D．Never be afraid of failure. If you have a strong heart and work hard, you’ll be the winner. E. We should always be confident of ourselves. Catch every chance to show ourselves. F. The more he wants to hide the truth, the easier it will be found out. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了五个中国历史故事和六个中国历史故事的寓意。 1．根据“Goujian, the King of Yue, was caught by the State of Wu. He was asked to do hard work. Three years later, he came back but still kept living a hard life. Finally, he made his state beat the State of Wu.”可知，勾践，越国的国王，被吴国俘虏了。吴国要求他从事繁重的劳役。三年后，勾践归来，但依旧过着艰苦的生活。最终，他帮助自己的国家打败了吴国。选项D“永远不要害怕失败。只要你有坚定的意志并且努力付出，你就会成为胜利者。”与之相符，故选D。 2．根据“Yu Boya was good at playing an instrument called qin. One day, while he was playing his best work, he met Zhong Ziqi, who enjoyed his music so much that they became best friends. After Zhong died, Yu never played qin again.”可知，俞伯牙擅长演奏一种叫做“琴”的乐器。有一天，当他正在演奏自己最得意的作品时，遇到了钟子期。钟子期被他的音乐深深打动，于是他们成为了挚友。钟子期去世后，俞伯牙再也不弹琴了。选项A“好朋友通常有着相同的兴趣爱好。他们能够相互理解，并且相处融洽。”与之相符，故选A。 3．根据“Mao Sui was a quiet man. One day, his team needed help. Though others didn’t believe in him, he said, “I can do it!” He spoke bravely to the king, showed his wisdom and helped his team win.”可知，毛遂是个沉默寡言的人。有一天，他的团队遇到了困难，需要有人帮忙。尽管其他人并不相信他，但他却坚定地说：“我能行！”他勇敢地向国王陈述了自己的想法，展现了自己的智慧，并帮助团队取得了胜利。选项E“我们应当始终对自己充满信心。抓住每一个机会来展现自己。”与之相符，故选E。 4．根据“A farmer saw a rabbit knock into a big tree and die. Without any effort, he happily enjoyed a meal of rabbit meat. Then he did nothing and just waited for another rabbit day after day, but he got nothing.”可知，一位农夫看到一只兔子撞上一棵大树后死去。他毫不费力地就享用了这只兔子的肉。然后他什么也没做，只是日复一日地等待着另一只兔子出现，但始终一无所获。选项C“我们不应仅仅依靠运气去等待意外之事的发生。”与之相符，故选C。 5．根据“Shang Yang set up a long pole (柱子) at the south gate. He promised that anyone who could take it to the north gate would get much money. A man made it and was given the money. People thought he was honest, so they followed his new rules and made Qin stronger.”可知，商鞅在南门竖起了一根长杆。他承诺，谁能将这根杆子搬到北门就能得到很多钱。有人照做了，并得到了这笔钱。人们认为他很诚实，于是纷纷遵循他的新规定，使秦国变得更加强大。选项B“一个想要使国家变得强大的人，首先必须赢得民众的信任。”与之相符，故选B。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 6 Famous people in history 单元话题（历史人物）阅读匹配进阶练12篇（中考新题型） 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。 Walt Disney had a great love for drawing since he was a kid. He would draw whenever he had free time. 1 His simple drawings of animals and people were full of life. As he grew up, Disney didn’t stop following his hobby. He tried to turn his drawings into something more. 2 These short films were the start of his big dream. Making cartoon films wasn’t easy. Disney faced lots of problems. But he never gave up. 3 His hard work made his films better and better. Finally, his efforts paid off. Disney created many world-famous characters like Mickey Mouse. These lovely characters brought joy to millions of people all over the world. 4 People around the world loved these characters. Walt Disney’s story shows us that if you love something and work hard on it, you can turn your hobby into a career (事业). 5 You can make a big difference in your life. A．He kept practicing his drawing skills. B．He made some short cartoon films. C．His company became very successful. D．His family always supported his hobby. E．His drawings showed his special ideas. F．So, find your hobby and stick to (坚持) it. There are two pairs of swimming trunks (游泳裤) in Shaoshan Mao Zedong Memorial Museum (韶山毛泽东同志纪念馆). 1 Mao Zedong loved swimming. 2 Once, he took a few classmates to swim. His teacher got very angry (生气的). As young as he was at the time, Mao Zedong said, “The wise find pleasure in water, the virtuous find pleasure in mountains.” (智者乐水，仁者乐山) While studying at Hunan First Normal School (湖南第一师范学校), Mao tried many sports such as basketball, football and table tennis. 3 He often swam in the Xiang River. Later, he organized (组织) a swimming team at school. They swam not only in summer but also in winter. 4 In May 1956, he went to Wuhan and swam across the Yangtze River, People were so surprised. In the next four years, he swam across the river three more times. If the young are strong, the country will be strong. 5 This is what we can learn from Mao Zedong’s story. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A．He grew up by the river and learnt to swim at an early age. B．Mao Zedong kept up his swimming habit, although he was busy working. C．But his favorite was boating. D．One is red and the other is white. E．We teenagers should not only study hard but also have a strong build. F．But his favorite was swimming. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 In Hanyang, Hubei Province, there is a place called Guqin Platform (古琴台). 1 . Yu Boya is a great musician of the Zhou Dynasty (朝). He is famous for playing the qin. But he is always unhappy 2 . On the night of one Mid-Autumn Festival, Yu is playing the qin on a boat. As he finishes playing it, he hears a loud applause (掌声). 3 . Yu invites him to come on board, and talks about music with him. He is quite surprised at Zhong’s deep understanding, and he thinks of Zhong as his “zhi yin” (知音). Yu has to leave to go on with his journey (旅程), but they decide to meet one year later. 4 . Yu waits and waits, but Zhong doesn’t come at all. Then he finds a grave (坟墓) with the name of Zhong Ziqi along the river. He plays a piece of music with tears. 5 . Nobody will understand him, he thinks. Ever since that day, the expression “zhi yin” usually means a friend who knows your heart. A．It comes from a young man named Zhong Ziqi B．It is named in memory (记忆) of Yu Boya C．Then he breaks (使断裂) his qin D．because he thinks no one can understand his music E．It is time for them to meet again F．because he thinks one person can understand his music Kong Rong is a great writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty (东汉). 1 He has five elder (年长的) brothers and a younger brother. His parents love them. Kong Rong is a nice boy. One day, his family has some pears. Some are big, and some are small. 2 But Kong Rong doesn’t want to get a big pear. He lets his brothers choose first. They all choose the big ones. 3 He says, “My five brothers are older and one is younger, so they should have the big ones.” His father is happy with him. He says, “ 4 He gives the big pears to others. He always puts others before himself.” Everyone in the family learns from Kong Rong. Children today also know Kong Rong. His story tells us an important lesson (道理). 5 根据语篇内容，从所给的选项中选择能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，选项中有一项为多余项。 A．He has a big family. B．All the children like pears. C．Kong Rong is a good boy. D．Then he chooses a small pear. E．His mother buys pears from the market. F．We should be kind to others and learn to share. 进阶拓展训练4篇 A-F分别是六位名人的简介。有五位想借阅名人传记书籍的同学，请为每位同学选择符合他们兴趣的名人简介，以此帮助他们进一步了解相关信息。 1 Tom is curious about the universe. His dream is to be a physicist. He wants to understand how the world works from now on. 2 Linda loves reading and writing. She dreams of creating her own stories and poems one day and wants to learn from the best. 3 David believes good qualities and moral values are very important. He is looking for a role model who taught about life and wisdom. 4 Sarah enjoys making people laugh and is a fan of silent movies. She hopes to share her humor by expressing herself. 5 Kevin is very interested in medicine. He wants to learn how ancient medical scientists helped sick people. A．Charlie Chaplin-A great comic actor who brought people laughter without saying a word in the film. His humor helped people go through hard times. B．Albert Einstein-One of the greatest scientists of the 20th century. His theories help us understand how the universe works. C． Confucius-An ancient Chinese teacher and philosopher. He spent his life teaching and sharing wise ideas about life and learning. D．Li Shizhen-A great medical scientist from ancient China. After years of medical research, he wrote Ben Cao Gang Mu to help and save people. E. Jane Goodall-A famous expert on animals. She lived in the forest to study and protect chimpanzees, showing us how to respect animals and nature. F. William Shakespeare-A great playwright and poet who wrote over 30 plays and hundreds of poems. His stories teach us about human nature. 从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使对话通顺，结构完整，其中一项是多余选项。 Do you know who Lu Xun is? 1 We know some of his works, like From Baicao Garden to Sanwei Study and My Old Home. There are many characters (人物) in his works. 2 Lu Xun’s real name is Zhou Shuren. 3 This year is the 143rd anniversary (周年) of his birth. Now people still talk about this great writer. Lu Xun loved our country and people. He went to Japan to study medical science. 4 . But later, he started writing, because he wanted to use his writings to inspire (激励) people. 5 He opened a new page for Chinese literature. Many students want to read more books by Lu Xun. A．Runtu is one of them. B．This isn’t a difficult question for us. C．His words are always in the notebooks. D．His birthday is on September 25th, 1881. E．Lu Xun is called “the father of modern Chinese literature (文学)”. F．In the beginning, he dreamed of being a doctor and making people healthy. 阅读短文，从短文后A至F六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Look at the picture on the right. It tells a famous Chinese idiom (成语) NangYing YingXue. Long long ago in Jin Dynasty, there was a child called Che Yin. He loved reading. 1 They didn’t have money to buy lamp oil (灯油) for Che Yin to read at night. One night, when Che Yin tried to read, he saw fireflies (萤火虫) flying outside his house. Suddenly he had an idea, “ 2 ” He went out and got some fireflies in a bag. Then he used the bag as a lamp. 3 He began to read like this at night. Another boy Sun Kang also loved reading. One night, Sun Kang didn’t have lamp oil, so he couldn’t read. When he got up at night, he found it was bright outside his house. The snow reflected (反射) the moonlight and made it bright. “ 4 ” he said to himself. He took out his books and read. 5 But this didn’t stop him from reading. What can we learn from Che Yin and Sun Kang, my dear friends? A．It worked! B．His parents were poor. C．It was very cold outside. D．He got a chair and went out. E．I will make fireflies my lamp! F．I can use the reflected light to read. 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使其意思通顺。 Welcome back to the Tang Dynasty. There are so many famous poets (诗人). Do you want to know them? 1 ★Hello everyone, I’m Li Bai. I enjoy drinking and writing poetry (诗). Many people call me “Poet Immortal”. I think you must know my poem Jing Ye Si. If not, you may not listen carefully in your Chinese class. I have many friends, such as Du Fu and Meng Haoran. 2 ★Hi, I’m Du Fu, a friend of Li Bai. 3 Chun Ye Xi Yu is one of my most famous poems. 4 So people call me “Poet-Sage (诗圣)”. Li Bai and I are good friends. I often write poems as gifts for him. ★I am Meng Haoran. I’m 12 years older than Li Bai. 5 People call me a “Poet of Nature” because of this. I write poems to show the real life and true feelings of poor people. Both Li Bai and I love poetry and the beauty of nature. So we are good friends. A．The poem ChunXiao is one of my most famous poems. B．We all love writing poetry. C．I love nature and often write poems about rivers, mountains, and the beauty of life. D．I’m 11 years younger than Li Bai. E．Here are three of the most famous poets in the Tang Dynasty. F．He is famous for his poetry. 能力综合实践4篇 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 During the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), King Zhao of the State of Yan (燕昭王) wanted to get talented people to work for him. When he asked a learned man named Guo Wei for advice. 1 There was once a king who wanted a special kind of horse. This horse could run 1,000 li a day. It was called qianlima. The king sent many people to find these horses and buy them for him. 2 One day, someone new volunteered to help. Only three months later, he heard about a qianlima. He hurried to find it, but the horse had already died. 3 The king was very angry. “What I want is a live horse, not the bones of a dead (死的) horse!” The man said calmly, “ 4 This shows people you truly wish to buy the horses. Just wait and the horses you want will come very soon.” That was true. Within a year, many qianlima owners brought their horses to the king. Guo told the king that he could see himself as the bones of the horse. He said, “ 5 ” The king built houses for Guo and took him as a respected teacher. Soon, more talented people came to help the king and made the state strong. A．After three years, nobody found him such a horse. B．Still, he bought the bones of the horse with 500 pieces of gold. C．Guo told him the story of buying horse bones with 500 pieces of gold (金). D．If you value me, more talent people will be willing to serve (服务) the state. E．Guo Wei later became the most important leader in Yan and led all the soldiers (士兵). F．Think about it. You’re willing to pay a high price for a dead horse, let alone a live one. 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面的六个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。一空一句。 Cao Chong Weighed (称重) an Elephant A long time ago, there were no elephants in the State of Wei. One day, the king got an elephant as a gift from the State of Wu. 1 Everyone was excited about it and had a question—how much did it weigh? But there was a problem: 2 At that time, no scales (秤) could weigh such a large animal. The king had a young son named Cao Chong. He said, “Father, I know how to weigh it.” Firstly, nobody believed the boy. But after he told them his idea, they all thought it was a good one. “Here’s what you should do. Follow me,” the boy said to the ministers (大臣). “ 3 Next, draw a line on the side of the boat at the water level (水平面). Then, let the elephant get off the boat. Collect a lot of big stones. Put the stones in the boat until the boat falls to the same water level. Then take the stones out of the boat and weigh them one by one. 4 Finally, you can know how much the elephant weighs.” “ 5 ” shouted the people. Soon everyone in the country knew that the king had a clever son. A．Wonderful! What a clever boy! B．First, let the elephant stand in a big boat on the water. C．How to weigh it? D．This can make you feel happy. E．In this way, we can know the weight of the stones. F．People were very happy to see this big animal. 1-5是五个人寻找榜样的意向，A—F是六位杰出人物的相关信息。请根据五个人的意向，为他们匹配合适的榜样。 1 He Ping thinks engineers are cool. He wants to learn from the designer of China’s first nuclear submarine. 2 Wu Li always wants to study traditional Chinese medicine. She wants to learn from a Chinese who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. 3 Gao Xing is quite interested in space exploration. He wants to read the stories about the designer of BeiDou. 4 Liu Ting would like to write about a person who was awarded the title of Combat Hero twice during the War of Liberation. 5 Zhang Qinqin wants to learn something about a physicist who designed China’s first hydrogen bomb (氢弹). A．On 17 June, 1967, China’s first hydrogen bomb was invented. As a physicist, Yu Min played an important role in this event. B．Sun Jiadong is a great scientist who develops Chinese space exploration. He is one of the designers of BeiDou. C． Shen Jilan is a lifelong lawmaker. She came up with the idea of equal pay for equal work between men and women. D．Huang Xuhua is one of the designers of China’s first nuclear submarine. It took its first test dive on 26 December, 1970. E. Zhang Fuqing was a soldier during the War of Liberation. He was awarded the title of Combat Hero twice. F. Tu Youyou is known for winning the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. Her finding has saved the lives of millions of people. 配对阅读。请阅读下面五个中国历史故事，再结合方框中A—F介绍的六个中国历史故事的寓意（其中有一个是多余的），仔细判断将故事和寓意进行匹配。 1 Goujian, the King of Yue, was caught by the State of Wu. He was asked to do hard work. Three years later, he came back but still kept living a hard life. Finally, he made his state beat the State of Wu. 2 Yu Boya was good at playing an instrument called qin. One day, while he was playing his best work, he met Zhong Ziqi, who enjoyed his music so much that they became best friends. After Zhong died, Yu never played qin again. 3 Mao Sui was a quiet man. One day, his team needed help. Though others didn’t believe in him, he said, “I can do it!” He spoke bravely to the king, showed his wisdom and helped his team win. 4 A farmer saw a rabbit knock into a big tree and die. Without any effort, he happily enjoyed a meal of rabbit meat. Then he did nothing and just waited for another rabbit day after day, but he got nothing. 5 Shang Yang set up a long pole (柱子) at the south gate. He promised that anyone who could take it to the north gate would get much money. A man made it and was given the money. People thought he was honest, so they followed his new rules and made Qin stronger. A．Good friends often share the same interest. They can understand each other and play well. B．A man who wants to make a country strong must first win the trust (信任) of its people. C． We should not wait for unexpected things only by luck. D．Never be afraid of failure. If you have a strong heart and work hard, you’ll be the winner. E. We should always be confident of ourselves. Catch every chance to show ourselves. F. The more he wants to hide the truth, the easier it will be found out. 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $