专题12 首字母填空（全国通用）2026年中考英语二模分类汇编

**基本信息** 本试卷为初中英语首字母填空专题汇编，精选山东、江苏等地二模真题，涵盖人与社会（著名人物、传统文化）、人与自然（环境保护）、人与自我（哲理感悟等）主题，素材兼具时代性与文化性，如张雪创立机车品牌、IShowSpeed中国行等真实案例，有效考查语言运用能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |首字母填空|13篇短文（每篇10空）|动词、名词、形容词等词汇运用，固定搭配（如drop out of）及语境推理|情境贴近热点，如藏羚羊保护、粉笔雕刻非遗传承；问题设计分层，基础题考搭配（如teach oneself），提升题考逻辑（如根据“risk”填“thought”），适配二模综合能力考查需求。|

专题12 首字母填空 主题01 人与社会——著名人物 Passage 1 (25-26·山东东营市实验中学·二模) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 Zhang Xue is a man whose life story has encouraged millions. Born into a poor family in a small village in Hunan, he had to drop out o 1 junior high at the age of 14 to become a motorcycle repair apprentice (摩托车修理学徒). A 2 he lived a hard life in cold workshops and was often short of food, he never gave up his dream of making world-class Chinese motorcycles. W 3 only 20,000 yuan, he went to Chongqing in 2013 and started his business from a small workshop. He taught h 4 engineering, worked until midnight, and refused to follow the traditional model of simply copying foreign designs. In 2017, he founded a successful motorcycle brand, but later he set a h 5 goal than before—developing completely independent engines. In 2024, he founded ZXMOTO (张雪机车). Many people t 6 he was taking too big a risk. However, in 2026, his racing motorcycle s 7 the world by winning at the World Superbike Championship (世界超级摩托车锦标赛) in Portugal, beating top brands like Ducati and Yamaha. It is the first time a Chinese motorcycle brand has achieved such an honor. Zhang Xue once said, “I have no great t 8 or luck. I just work much harder than o 9 .” From a village dropout (辍学生) to a world-famous brand builder, he proves that determination and hard work can r 10 turn some impossible dream into reality. Passage 2 (2025·江苏省镇江市润州区·二模) 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 American YouTube star IShowSpeed  (Speed for short) is nicknamed “Jiakang Ge”. He was f 1 for his high-energy live streams (直播). He introduced 37 million fans all over the world to modern China d 2 his visit in China from March 24th to 28th , 2025. He visited many places in China. His v 3 in Shanghai, Beijing and Xi’an showed real Chinese life. In Shanghai, Speed t 4 Xiaomi’s SU7Ultra electric car. The car’s powerful engine and reasonable (合理的) price s 5 him. A number of viewers around the world commented (评论) , “China’s tech is ahead of Europe!” His Beijing journey started at the Great Wall. Dressed in traditional Chinese clothes, he shouted. “This is living history!” T 6 he was unable to understand some local foods clearly, he still tasted spicy hotpot. When he had a high-speed train trip to Xi’an, Speed was amazed at 5G in tunnels. He thought h 7 of China’s transport. “New York subways can’t even send text messages! ” He joked. After eating Xi’an snacks, he said, “Delicious food m 8 the world smaller.” Some people thought his videos were edited (编辑), but most people a 9 they showed real China. This cultural exchange caused a great deal of d 10 . Officials described the visit as “people-to-people diplomacy (外交)”. Since then, many of his fans have shown great interest in China. They look forward to coming to China soon. Passage 3 (2025·江苏省淮安市清江浦区·二模) 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整、通顺，每空一词。 Have you heard of Wang Xingxing, the founder (创始人) of Unitree Company? The Yang (秧) BOT robots on the Spring Festival Gala were d 1 by his team. How amazing the program is! Here is his speech: Believe. Many people might think I was a top student, but I wasn’t. Especially in English — I tried my best but failed most of times in high school. My teachers and classmates always said I was “slower” than others and I felt w 2 about it, too. However, I have my own love. I spent all my spare time on “small” i 3 . I built a wind-powered car out of old cardboard when I was 10. I made a tiny engine and model airplanes from scrap metal (废铁) a 4 the age of 15. When I was 19. I decided to make a robot, but n 5 believed that I could do it. At last I invented a small two-legged robot with just 200 yuan s 6 . From that experience, I learn if you want to achieve anything that seems i 7 you just need to break into thousands of small steps and solve them one by one. Later, I faced m 8 challenges. When I started my robot company in my twenties, many people didn’t believe me. But I believe myself. In this fast-paced (快节奏) world, I would like to take it slow, avoiding taking shortcuts (捷径). I believe that if we keep d 9 difficult but right things, we will succeed in the future. The robots our company invented have become the most popular in the world so far. We are lucky b 10 technology is growing faster than ever. I believe we can create smarter AI, better robots, cooler games and more amazing movies than before. Finally, let’s remember the words from the movie Nezha. “Do you still want to change the world? I want to try! Let’s try together!” Passage 4 (2025·江苏省盐城市大丰区·二模) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使意思完整。 Carving Cultural Wonders Chalk is a common thing we see and use every day. But have you ever i 1 using a compass (圆规) to turn it into carved artwork? Shen Sihao, a 31-year-old man, started this amazing w 2 in high school. Shen grew up in Luoyang, a city in Henan province, which is f 3 for its cultural relics (遗迹) and old buildings. When he was young, he carved chalk into small m 4 of these relics and buildings with a compass. He said he was sorry he didn’t have enough time back then to do more. After working in Beijing, Shen had time to r 5 his childhood dream. Since 2024, he has shared videos of his chalk carvings online, l 6 tomb figures (俑) and arrows. He has gained many followers online, especially students. For Shen, the carving process is as interesting as the final product. He said carving helped him understand relics better. He o 7 found an ancient warrior looked like Ultraman (奥特曼) when carving it. This made him wonder w 8 the design of Ultraman was inspired by an ancient Chinese warrior. To Shen, carving chalk not only helps him learn more about history and culture but also teaches him patience. He often breaks his work by accident when it’s almost done. He says that being p 9 is the key to success in both carving and life. To attract more followers, Shen now a 10 pop culture items to his works, such as Ao Bing, the dragon prince from Ne Zha 2. His art bridges history and modernity, proving that creativity can turn simple objects into treasures. 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 (2026·江苏省盐城市盐都区·二模) The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp. On the plain (平原) in front of us, we can just meet a group of amazing a 1 . This is why we’re here—to watch Tibetan antelopes. Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. Watching them m 2 slowly across the green grass, I’m surprised by their beauty. I’m also reminded of the d 3 situations they faced. They were hunted for their valuable fur. My guide, Zhaxi, works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a shelter for the animals and of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, p 4 the wildlife is a way of life. “We’re not just trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we’re trying to save o 5 .” The 1980s and 1990s were b 6 times for the Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. In order to s 7 this species (物种), the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Zhaxi and o 8 volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and w 1 the stars. I think about the antelopes. Much is being done to protect wildlife, b 2 if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to live in peace with nature can we stop being a threat (威胁) to wildlife and to our planet. Passage 2 (2026·天津市武清区河北屯镇初级中学等校·模拟) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 When night falls, we turn on the lights to make our cities beautiful. However, few people know that too much light can be a k 1 of pollution. It is called “light pollution”, and it is becoming a serious problem around the world. Light pollution doesn’t just stop us from seeing the s 2 . It also causes many problems for animals. For example, fireflies (萤火虫) use their own light to talk to e 3 other and find their partners. But when the city lights are too b 4 , fireflies cannot see partners’ signals (信号) clearly. As a result, it is difficult for them to produce more babies. Another example is about birds. Many birds fly at night by f 5 the light of the moon. Bright city lights can confuse (使困惑) them, and some birds may lose their way or even h 6 tall buildings. Besides, light pollution can affect human health in different ways. If you sleep with the lights on, your body will think it is s 7 daytime and cannot rest well. This might make you feel t 8 or even develop some illnesses. Doctors say that the dark is necessary for a good sleep b 9 it helps our bodies produce a special hormone (激素) to keep us healthy. To help solve this problem, many cities are starting to take action. They have decided to turn off unnecessary lights in public places a 10 midnight. We can also do our part in our daily lives. Darkness is as important as light. Let’s work together to protect the dark night so that we can enjoy the beautiful stars and live a healthier life. Passage 3 (2024·江苏省扬州市高邮市·二模) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。 Phineas is no common cat. He suffers from a condition that causes him to wobble (摇晃) and fall over when he walks. However, his u 1 way of walking has made him a star on social media, with two million followers. This has also h 2 increase the attention to the rare diseases like the cat’s condition in humans. More and more people get to know the challenges faced by these p 3 and their families. Phineas was born with a disorder in one part of his brain, which works for helping make a balance and coordination when walking or doing some other things. He was found as a stray kitten (流浪猫) and taken to an a 4 center. There Phineas was taken good care of and later adopted (领养) by a couple who heard about his s 5 on social media. The couple are both biomedical (生物医学的) scientists and have lots of researches in the nervous system. They decided to care for Phineas with their much k 6 and experience. They considered living with him b 7 they want to learn more about the diseases and get ideas for their research. They even created a social media account for Phineas to s 8 his daily adventures with the followers and teach people how to face conditions like his. They a 9 call on the people to raise money to support animals and people in need. Phineas has become a symbol of h 10 for many of those with conditions related to the nervous system. His wobbly walk also reminds us that we can still enjoy life even in the hardest times. 主题03 人与社会——传统文化 Passage 1 (2026·江苏盐城市滨海县等2地·二模) 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文通顺。 At the age of 80, Cai Gao has made history. She is the first Chinese illustrator (插图画家) to w 1 the International Hans Christian Andersen Award for Illustration. It is one of the h 2 prizes in world children’s literature. On the evening of April 13, the 2026 award was h 3 at the Bologna International Children’s Book Fair. Cai Gao, a well-known Chinese picture book artist, won the prize. She is the first Chinese to get s 4 a great honour in this field. It is known that Cai Gao has worked hard for many years. She has kept creating with full passion (热情) and never stopped trying new ideas. Winning this award is full of p 5 for her hard work and love for children. Over the years, she has created many w 6 works, all from Chinese culture. Cai Gao’s works are full of imagination and love. Her style shows the beauty of Chinese traditional culture and folk art. She looks at the world w 7 children’s eyes and tells funny stories in a s 8 way. Her works are loved by people across the world. The International Hans Christian Andersen Award has a long history. It began in 1956. It is given every two years, and each person can win it only o 9 in a year. This great honor means a lot to Cai Gao and also to Chinese art. It will encourage more Chinese artists to stand p 10 on the world stage. Chinese original (原创) picture books are getting more popular around the world. Passage 2 (2026·江苏南通市海门区·二模) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 A new social media trend (潮流)—known as “Becoming Chinese”—has a 1 the attention of TikTok users around the world recently. More and more young people are showing great interest in Chinese daily life and posting their own e 2 online. This cultural exchange has led many people to try different Chinese lifestyles online. These lifestyles often i 3 daily healthy habits, such as drinking warm water instead of cold drinks; eating cooked vegetables rather than raw salads; and practising baduanjin—a slow exercise loved by elderly people. These simple habits are becoming popular among foreigners, e 4 the teenagers. Why is “Becoming Chinese” getting more and more popular? The reasons lie in the call for a m 5 healthier life from young people and China’s rising global charm. Young people are t 6 of the fast and stressful modern life, they hope to discover new and useful ways of life from other countries. They believe different cultures can bring fresh ideas to their own lives. The Global Times noted that the w 7 behind Chinese lifestyles helps people deal with today’s “burnout” (倦怠的) society. For example, Chinese culture teaches people to live in peace with nature and keep a balance b 8 yin and yang. It also encourages people to slow down and care more about their physical and mental health. In such a fast-changing world, Chinese lifestyles can bring order, calm and peace of mind. This change clearly shows China’s growing soft power. Foreigners are no longer looking at Chinese culture only from a distance. I 9 , they are taking part in it and making it part of their daily lives. They not only learn Chinese habits on their own but also share them with their friends and family. Passage 3 (2026·江苏扬州市邗江区·适考) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。 Xiaoman is the 8th solar term of the year. It f 1 in late May, usually between the 20th and 21st. Its Chinese name, literally meaning ”small fullness”, reflects the small but important changes in the natural world, carrying the wisdom of a 2 Chinese people. In northern China, Xiaoman is c 3 connected with wheat. As the t 4 rises gradually, the wheat grains become fuller day by day, but they are not fully ripe yet. Farmers here are busy with heavy farm work: they take measures to protect the wheat f 5 dry and strong winds and get ready for the coming harvest. H 6 , in southern China, Xiaoman always brings more rainfall. Rivers are fuller than usual, which is important for rice g 7 . Farmers take good care of their rice fields to make sure the soil stays wet. They also pick fresh and sweet fruits like mulberries during this period. Xiaoman also has warm traditions for people. To adapt to the w 8 weather, people eat bitter herbs to cool their bodies down. They also enjoy fresh fish from nearby rivers. Some villages even hold simple ceremonies to e 9 thanks to the Waterwheel God for bringing enough rain. These activities show people’s deep love and respect for nature. Xiaoman teaches us a simple but valuable lesson. An old Chinese saying goes, “The moon loses light when it is full; water runs over when a cup is too full.” It r 10 us to be happy with small achievements and keep a modest attitude. Just like the wheat waiting patiently to ripen, life is beautiful in its gentle “small fullness”. Passage 4 (2026·江苏连云港市赣榆区·适考) 根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 The gourd, called “húlu”, is a special plant with a long history. At first, people used gourds as t 1 for carrying water and storing food. Later, gourds became important in traditions and stories. The shape of the gourd is not special. It looks s 2 , but it carries deep meanings. Its name “húlu” sounds like “fúlù (福禄)”, which means “good luck and wealth”. B 3 of this, it is seen as a symbol of happiness and success. Its round shape is c 4 with protection. Gourds play an important role in Chinese traditions and festivals. People h 5 gourds at home to drive away bad spirits. During festivals like the Mid-Autumn Festival, people put up gourds to wish for family unity and p 6 of food. Gourds are also used in traditional medicine to help with different health problems. The gourd appears in many a 7 stories. For example, one of the Eight Immortals, Li Tieguai, often carries a gourd. It’s said that in his gourd, there is magical medicine that can give people a long life. Today, the gourd still has cultural meaning while also being u 8 in modern art. Artists mix old skills with new styles in their works, keeping the gourd meaningful in modern culture. Also many people use gourds to decorate their homes, thinking they can bring good luck, health as w 9 as happiness. From old stories to modern homes, the gourd r 10 meaningful in Chinese life. It also shows how common things can hold great power. 主题01 人与自我——哲理感悟 Passage 1 (2026·江苏省扬州树人学校·二模) 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） At the back of our house, there was a small piece of unused land. “It’s a pity to let it go to waste like that,” Mother said “S 1 you all enjoy eating peanuts, let’s make it a peanut field.” My brother, sister and I were all excited. We began buying seeds, d 2 up the ground and watering the plants. In a couple of months, we had a harvest! “Let’s have a party tonight to celebrate,” Mother s 3 . She cooked the peanuts in a few different ways and told us to go to the garden for the celebration. “Who can tell me what peanuts are good for?” Father asked. “They’re delicious to eat,” my sister took the l 1 . “They’re good for making oil,” my brother followed. “They’re cheap,” I said. “Almost everyone can a 1 to buy peanuts and most people like eating them. “Peanuts are good for many things,” Father said, “but still there’s one special thing about them. U 1 apples and peaches that show their fruits in the air and attract people with their beautiful colours, the peanut plant hides its fruits in the earth. Until you dig it out, you can’t tell by looking at its thin stem whether it bears fruit or not.” “That’s true,” we all said. Mother n 2 too. “Trying to be like the peanut is a good idea.” Father went on, “It’s useful, though not very attractive.” “Do you mean,” l asked, “compared with being u 3 , looking for attention and praise from others is not that important?” “Yes,” Father said. “This is what I mean. And this is what I e 4 of you.” We stayed up late that night and ate all the peanuts Mother had cooked for us. But F 5 words remain clear in my memory to this day. Passage 2 (2025·江苏省扬州市邗江区·二模) 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 “Lying down” also known as (tang ping), has become a h 1 word among young Chinese people these days. The idea of accepting whatever life gives them is “lying down” lifestyle. Some young people complain that to r 2 a child needs too much money and they often get into a fight with their family. At the same time, the rising living costs i 3 food and housing have pushed them so hard that they could h 4 breathe. Some want to lie down because of their t 5 jobs, competitions with peers (同龄人), as well as personal relationships force them to run away. On the other hand, with the great improvement of living c 6 , it is true that some Chinese youth today have l 7 the spirit of fighting hard for a better life. “I stay at home, sleep and watch TV series, and I’m pleased with what I have now. Actually, there are many people around me w 8 value happiness and freedom most,” said Daisy, who left her job two weeks ago. Interestingly, most young people, who are “big fans” of the “lying down” lifestyle, point out that they only a 9 a temporary (暂时的) lying down as a short rest. In fact, lying down is not totally comfortable for them. Most young people lying down always regard it as a lack of ambition (雄心壮志) and feel ashamed about it. “Young people have both ambition and confusion (困惑) about their future, but most of us have refused to waste chances and c 10 ,” a college student said. Passage 3 (2025·江苏省扬州市树人学校·二模) 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Many things happened over the years, but I still remember a gift from my mother in my third grade. I had been p 1 to be the princess in the school play, and for weeks my mother had practised my lines so hard with me. But no matter how e 2 I acted at home, as soon as I stepped on stage, every word disappeared from my head. Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrator’s (旁白) part, and asked me to change r 3 . Her words were kindly expressed, but hurt me, e 4 when I saw my part go to another girl. I didn’t tell my mother what had happened. But she sensed my pain. Instead of s 5 we should practise my lines, she asked if I wanted to walk in the yard. It was spring and the rose vine (藤) was turning green. Under the huge trees, we could see yellow dandelions (蒲公英). “I’m going to dig all these weeds,” mother said, pulling one dandelion up by i 6 roots. “Then we’ll have only roses in this garden.” “But I like dandelions,” I disagreed, “all flowers are beautiful, even dandelions.” My mother looked at me seriously, “Yes, every flower gives pleasure in its own way. And that is t 7 of people too,” she added, “not everyone can be a princess, but there is no s 8 in that.” Moved by the fact that she had understood my pain, I started to cry as I told her what had happened. She listened and smiled comfortably. As years passed by, I realized that my m 9 gift was more than just a kindness for flowers. It was the a 10 to find beauty during hard times to deal with life’s disappointments, just like the modest dandelion. And though there are all the difficulties, I’ve learned to bloom in my own way. 主题02 人与自我——学习策略 Passage 1 (2026·江苏南通市·模拟) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 How to become a successful learner? This is a question worth thinking about. Everyone has the a 1 to learn. Experts on the science of learning will tell you that anyone can become a successful learner. H 2 , many students fail to realize this, and they often have some t 3 learning. Luckily, there are some useful ways to help you become successful learners. First, a growth mindset (思维模式) is the key. This means, in part, believing in yourself. It also means setting goals, taking a 4 , and meeting challenges. Those with this mindset see failures as chances to improve, not shame. They r 5 confident and positive whenever they meet challenges, and this spirit helps them keep moving forward. Second, practice and guidance matter a lot in study. The more we practise, the better we learn, e 6 when we try new and difficult things. It’s wise to turn to a teacher or a coach for help, as they can offer valuable a 7 and useful tips to help us reach a higher standard. In addition, learning with excellent partners is a c 8 but effective way. We can easily see such teamwork in our daily life, learning from each other, pushing each other to do better, and growing together. In the 21st c 9 , we also have plenty of online resources. So, we need to find useful materials for our goals, instead of just d 10 on textbooks or focusing only on printed books. In short, right attitudes, proper ways and continuous efforts will lead us to success. Passage 2 (2025·江苏省南京市鼓楼区·二模) 请根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—10的相应位置上。 古代渠语 Classical Chinese is a written form of the Chinese language used in ancient China, mainly based on the language from before the Qin period.Before 1918, all articles were w 1 in Classical Chinese. Today, we generally call it “wenyanwen”. Classical Chinese is now an important c 2 for every middle school student. Learning it helps us understand h 3 ancient Chinese spoke and thought. I would like to recommend a book for students who are deeply i 4 in Classical Chinese. Ancient Chinese is a famous series with 4 books and 14 units. Each unit has three parts: anthology (选集), common words, and archaic Chinese (古汉语). Anthology p 5 many famous articles from The Analects, Stratagems of the Warring States, Zuo Tradition and The Works of Mencius. These works have made great contributions to Chinese literary history. After reading the anthology, you will learn how to tell the d 6 between ancient and modern words. For example, in spoken language, we say “你吃饭了吗?”, b 7 in Classical Chinese, it becomes “饭否?”, Archaic Chinese tells the background of the anthology, helping you better understand the stories. These parts are c 8 connected. If you only read the anthology, you will only understand what the teacher e 9 . If you only study common words but don’t read the anthology, you will only get some knowledge about words. Without learning archaic Chinese, you cannot truly master classical Chinese as a w 10 . So, you must study all three parts together. If you enjoy Classical Chinese, we hope this book will help deepen your interest in Classical Chinese, history, and literature. Passage 3 (2024·江苏省南通市启东市·二模) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 There are often many problems when I go a 1 and stay there alone. Recently I am in a foreign country, the Czech Republic (捷克共和国), whose official language is not English. So the first big problem is language. Many Czech people can’t speak English. So I have to learn Czech. It’s very challenging because there are many rules for grammar. At the b 2 , I didn’t know them at all. But little by little, I remembered the rules and learned how to speak Czech. I think you need to like a language first, and then you can make p 3 quickly if you study hard. If you live with a host family like me, there may be a 4 problem. You might argue with them, or you might not u 5 their rules at home. For example, my host family didn’t think it good for me to get up late on weekends. So I tried to get up as e 6 as possible. The best way to get along with the host family is to talk with them more. You can tell them what h 7 to you at school every day. Also, if you offer to help them with some h 8 like cleaning or cooking, they will be very happy. The last problem is making friends. At school, I was often ignored (忽略) w 9 many of my classmates got together and chatted with each other. Sometimes, I felt really l 10 . But I tried to talk to everyone I met and went out with them on weekends. Now, I have many good friends. 主题03 人与自我——个人经历 Passage 1 (2026·山东东营市垦利区·模拟) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示填空，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 For a long time, I was sure Dad didn’t love me. Mum always wore a warm smile, b 1 Dad always seemed serious. He was busy with his work every day. When at home, he just read newspapers, s 2 talking to me. Lots of unhappy memories about Dad stayed in my mind. There was one thing I remembered very clearly. It was my first school science show, I was so e 3 to join! I spent several weeks making a model ship. The night before the show, when I was adding the last details (细节), one part of the ship broke by accident. I ran to Dad with tears in my eyes. “Dad, please help me! F 4 it, please!” I cried. He just took a look and said, “You should be more careful. Make it yourself.” Then he went back to his newspaper. After being refused, I couldn’t express how helpless I felt inside. I thought he didn’t care about my feelings at all. I had to spend the whole night fixing the model a 5 . The next day at the show, my model wasn’t perfect and I didn’t win a prize. For years, I was angry with Dad. Even when I grew up, I still clearly r 6 that heartbroken moment. I didn’t understand Dad until a s 7 experience happened to my son. Several years ago, while my son was making a model plane, he broke one of the wings. And I decided to fix it for h 8 . Suddenly, Dad’s words came into my mind: “Fix it yourself.” At that moment, I started to understand. Dad just wanted me to develop some basic skills which would be useful in the future. I gave the model plane back to my son and smiled, “Have a t 9 ! You can fix it by yourself.” Dad didn’t say nice words to me, but he had his own way to teach me a lesson—I should depend on m 10 . It was one of the most important qualities that made me a better person. Passage 2 (2025·江苏省南京市玄武区·二模) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 A year and a half ago, I weighed 100 kilograms. My weight had a huge influence on my health. But I found it d 1 to stick to healthy-eating plans and I couldn’t understand why I stopped my weight loss plan halfway. One day, I had what I can only d 2 as a light-bulb moment (灵光一现), and realized I’d never found out why I k 3 going off the track (偏离轨道), why I ate a biscuit even though I wanted to lose weight. I needed to understand what was going on in my head before I started w 4 about what I was eating or not eating. I started working to help me better understand what motivates (激励) me. I became a 5 of every time I ate something I shouldn’t, and what made it happen, and also being mindful on days when I was being healthy, asking m 6 , “What’s happened today to help me feel like I’m strong and in control?” I realized I’m motivated by p 7 , so I decided to post my progress on social media so I could get encouragement from friends and family. I’ve completely changed my mindset and have lost 20 kilograms. I’m planning to l 8 10 more kilograms and, for the first time, I believe I’m going to get there. In the past, when I started diets and was asked w 9 weight I want to be, it felt like I picked a number that had nothing to do with what I thought I could do. Now I feel anything is possible. I’ve used my e 10 to help others, supporting them to change their mindsets, as well as their diets. And this can also be applied to our careers. Passage 3 (2025·江苏省扬州市江都区·适考) 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） I have always loved sports. As a child, I loved playing outside with my friends and trying new things. I remember trying out for the soccer team in elementary school and feeling so proud w 1 I made it. Sports have always been a huge part of my life. I love the feeling of competition and working hard to achieve s 2 . When I am playing or w 3 a sport, I feel like anything is possible. Winning does give me satisfaction, a sense of p 4 that my hard work has paid off. Even watching my team win feels good. Following a player, team or game allows us to e 5 ups and downs, just like in real life. In the game of life, it’s not always about winning. What t 6 matters are the friends we make along the way. Sports have the ability to bring people together and create lifelong relationships. I have met some of my best friends through playing sports. These shared moments in paying sports become s 7 that we tell with laughter years later. “Remember the time we lost to that team, but our coach made us run laps instead of letting us go home?” Those stories aren’t just about victories, they’re about the j 8 you took together. Whether we win or lose, the support from our teammates and competitors make the journey worthwhile. Sports teach i 9 lessons about hard work, and personal growth and development-character building. They also teach us h 10 to deal with both victories and defeats (失败) beautifully. Sometimes, one learns more from defeat than from victory. These lessons that we can apply to our lives. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题12 首字母填空 参考答案 主题01 人与社会——著名人物 Passage 1：1．of/f 2．Although/lthough 3．With/ith 4．himself/imself 5．higher/igher 6．hought/hought 7．surprised/urprised/shocked/hocked 8．talent/alent 9．others/thers 10．really/eally Passage 2：1．(f)amous 2．(d)uring 3．(v)ideos 4．(t)ested 5．(s)urprised 6．(T)hough 7．(h)ighly 8．(m)akes 9．(a)greed 10．(d)iscussion Passage 3：1．(d)esigned 2．(w)orried 3．(i)nventions 4．(a)t 5．(n)obody 6．(s)aved 7．(i)mpossible 8．(m)any 9．(d)oing 10．(b)ecause Passage 4：1．(i)magined 2．(w)ork 3．(f)amous 4．(m)odels 5．(r)ealize 6．(l)ike 7．(o)nce 8．(w)hether 9．(p)atient 10．(a)dds 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1：1．animals/nimals 2．move/ove 3．dangerous/angerous 4．protecting/rotecting 5．ourselves/urselves 6．bad/ad 7．save/ave 8．other/ther 9．watch/atch 10．but/ut Passage 2：1．kind/ind 2．stars/tars 3．each/ach 4．bright/right 5．following/ollowing 6．hit/it 7．still/till 8．tired/ired 9．because/ecause 10．after/fter Passage 3：1．(u)nusual 2．(h)elped 3．(p)atients 4．(a)nimal 5．(s)tory 6．(k)nowledge 7．(b)ecause 8．(s)hare 9．(a)lso 10．(h)ope 主题03 人与社会——传统文化 Passage 1：1．win/in 2．highest/ighest 3．held/eld 4．such/uch 5．praise/raise 6．wonderful/onderful 7．with/ith 8．simple/imple 9．once/nce 10．proudly/roudly Passage 2：1．attracted/ttracted 2．experiences/xperiences 3．include/nclude 4．especially/specially 5．much/uch 6．tired/ired 7．wisdom/isdom 8．between/etween 9．Instead/nstead Passage 3：1．falls/alls 2．ancient/ncient 3．closely/losely 4．temperature/emperature 5．from/rom 6．However/owever 7．growth/rowth 8．warm/arm 9．express/xpress 10．reminds/eminds Passage 4：1．tools/ools 2．simple/imple 3．Because/ecause 4．connected/onnected 5．hang/ang 6．plenty/lenty 7．ancient/ncient 8．used/sed 9．well/ell 10．remains/emains 主题01 人与自我——哲理感悟 Passage 1：1．Since/ince 2．digging/igging 3．suggested/uggested 4．lead/ead 5．afford/fford 6．Unlike/nlike 7．nodded/odded 8．useful/seful 9．expect/xpect 10．Father’s/ather’s Passage 2：1．(h)ot 2．(r)aise 3．(i)ncluding 4．(h)ardly 5．(t)iring 6．(c)onditions 7．(l)ost 8．(w)ho 9．(a)ccept 10．(c)hallenges Passage 3：1．(p)icked 2．(e)asily 3．(r)oles 4．(e)specially 5．(s)uggesting/(s)aying 6．(i)ts 7．(t)rue 8．(s)hame 9．(m)other’s 10．(a)bility 主题02 人与自我——学习策略 Passage 1：1．ability/bility 2．However/owever 3．trouble/rouble 4．action/ction 5．remain/emain 6．especially/specially 7．advice/dvice 8．common/ommon 9．century/entury 10．depending/epending Passage 2：1．(w)ritten 2．(c)ourse 3．(h)ow 4．(i)nterested 5．(p)icks 6．(d)ifference/(d)ifferences 7．(b)ut 8．(c)losely 9．(e)xplains 10．(w)hole Passage 3：1．(a)broad 2．(b)eginning 3．(p)rogress 4．(a)nother 5．(u)nderstand 6．(e)arly 7．(h)appens/(h)appened 8．(h)ousework 9．(w)hen 10．(l)onely 主题03 人与自我——个人经历 Passage 1：1．but/ut 2．seldom/eldom 3．excited/xcited 4．Fix/ix 5．alone/lone 6．remembered/emembered 7．similar/imilar 8．him/im 9．try/ry 10．myself/yself Passage 2：1．(d)ifficult 2．(d)escribe 3．(k)ept 4．(w)orrying 5．(a)ware 6．(m)yself 7．(p)raise 8．(l)ose 9．(w)hat 10．(e)xperience Passage 3：1．(w)hen 2．(s)omething 3．(w)atching 4．(p)ride 5．(e)xperience 6．(t)ruly 7．(s)tories 8．(j)ourney 9．(i)mportant/(i)nvaluable 10．(h)ow 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题12 首字母填空 主题01 人与社会——著名人物 Passage 1 (25-26·山东东营市实验中学·二模) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 Zhang Xue is a man whose life story has encouraged millions. Born into a poor family in a small village in Hunan, he had to drop out o 1 junior high at the age of 14 to become a motorcycle repair apprentice (摩托车修理学徒). A 2 he lived a hard life in cold workshops and was often short of food, he never gave up his dream of making world-class Chinese motorcycles. W 3 only 20,000 yuan, he went to Chongqing in 2013 and started his business from a small workshop. He taught h 4 engineering, worked until midnight, and refused to follow the traditional model of simply copying foreign designs. In 2017, he founded a successful motorcycle brand, but later he set a h 5 goal than before—developing completely independent engines. In 2024, he founded ZXMOTO (张雪机车). Many people t 6 he was taking too big a risk. However, in 2026, his racing motorcycle s 7 the world by winning at the World Superbike Championship (世界超级摩托车锦标赛) in Portugal, beating top brands like Ducati and Yamaha. It is the first time a Chinese motorcycle brand has achieved such an honor. Zhang Xue once said, “I have no great t 8 or luck. I just work much harder than o 9 .” From a village dropout (辍学生) to a world-famous brand builder, he proves that determination and hard work can r 10 turn some impossible dream into reality. 【答案】 1．of/f 2．Although/lthough 3．With/ith 4．himself/imself 5．higher/igher 6．hought/hought 7．surprised/urprised/shocked/hocked 8．talent/alent 9．others/thers 10．really/eally 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了张雪从一名贫困的摩托车修理学徒成长为世界知名摩托车品牌创始人的励志故事，证明决心和努力可以将不可能的梦想变为现实。 【详解】 1．句意：他不得不在14岁时从初中辍学，成为一名摩托车修理学徒。固定搭配“drop out of”意为“从……辍学/退出”，首字母o提示填of。 2．句意：尽管他在冰冷的车间里过着艰苦的生活，经常食物短缺，但他从未放弃制造世界级中国摩托车的梦想。前后句为让步转折关系，首字母A提示填Although，意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。 3．句意：2013年，他带着仅有的2万元去了重庆，从一个小作坊开始了他的事业。表示“带着/拥有”某种财物做某事，首字母W提示填With，意为“具有、带有”。 4．句意：他自学了工程学，工作到深夜，并且拒绝遵循简单模仿外国设计的传统模式。固定搭配“teach oneself”意为“自学”，主语为He，反身代词用himself。首字母h提示填himself。 5．句意：2017年，他创立了一个成功的摩托车品牌，但后来他设定了一个比以前更高的目标——开发完全独立的发动机。与后文“than before”形成比较级，首字母h提示填higher，意为“更高的”。 6．句意：许多人认为他承担的风险太大了。主句为一般过去时，宾语从句描述过去人们的看法。首字母t提示填thought，意为“认为”。 7．句意：然而在2026年，他的赛车摩托车在葡萄牙的世界超级摩托车锦标赛上击败了杜卡迪和雅马哈等顶级品牌，震惊了世界。固定搭配“surprise the world”或“shock the world”意为“震惊世界”，主语为单数，时态为一般过去时。首字母s提示填surprised/shocked，意为“使震惊”。 8．句意：我没有什么伟大的天赋或运气。与“luck”（运气）并列，首字母t提示填talent，意为“天赋”。 9．句意：我只是比别人更加努力地工作。比较级“harder than”后接比较对象，首字母o提示填others，意为“其他人”。 10．句意：他证明了决心和努力确实可以把一些不可能的梦想变成现实。修饰动词“turn”需用副词，首字母r提示填really，意为“真正地、确实”。 Passage 2 (2025·江苏省镇江市润州区·二模) 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 American YouTube star IShowSpeed  (Speed for short) is nicknamed “Jiakang Ge”. He was f 1 for his high-energy live streams (直播). He introduced 37 million fans all over the world to modern China d 2 his visit in China from March 24th to 28th , 2025. He visited many places in China. His v 3 in Shanghai, Beijing and Xi’an showed real Chinese life. In Shanghai, Speed t 4 Xiaomi’s SU7Ultra electric car. The car’s powerful engine and reasonable (合理的) price s 5 him. A number of viewers around the world commented (评论) , “China’s tech is ahead of Europe!” His Beijing journey started at the Great Wall. Dressed in traditional Chinese clothes, he shouted. “This is living history!” T 6 he was unable to understand some local foods clearly, he still tasted spicy hotpot. When he had a high-speed train trip to Xi’an, Speed was amazed at 5G in tunnels. He thought h 7 of China’s transport. “New York subways can’t even send text messages! ” He joked. After eating Xi’an snacks, he said, “Delicious food m 8 the world smaller.” Some people thought his videos were edited (编辑), but most people a 9 they showed real China. This cultural exchange caused a great deal of d 10 . Officials described the visit as “people-to-people diplomacy (外交)”. Since then, many of his fans have shown great interest in China. They look forward to coming to China soon. 【答案】 1．(f)amous 2．(d)uring 3．(v)ideos 4．(t)ested 5．(s)urprised 6．(T)hough 7．(h)ighly 8．(m)akes 9．(a)greed 10．(d)iscussion 【导语】本文主要介绍了美国YouTube明星IShowSpeed在2025年3月访华期间，通过在上海、北京、西安等地的行程展示真实中国生活，其视频引发关于中国的讨论并促进文化交流。 1．句意：美国YouTube明星IShowSpeed（简称Speed）绰号“甲亢哥”，他以充满活力的直播而闻名。根据“was...for his high-energy live streams”及首字母提示可知，此处是be famous for“因……闻名”。故填(f)amous。 2．句意：在2025年3月24日至28日访问中国期间，他向全世界3700万粉丝介绍了现代中国。根据“his visit in China from March 24th to 28th, 2025”及首字母提示可知，此处指在访问期间，during“在……期间”，介词。故填(d)uring。 3．句意：他在上海、北京和西安的视频展示了真实的中国生活。根据“for his high-energy live streams (直播)”和首字母可知，是在这些城市的视频展示了真实的中国生活，video“视频”，这里用复数形式表示泛指，故填(v)ideos。 4．句意：在上海，Speed 试驾了小米的 SU7Ultra电动汽车。根据 “Xiaomi’s SU7Ultra electric car” 及首字母提示可知，此处指试驾，test “测试”，动词；结合上下文时态可知，此处用一般过去时，test的过去式为tested。故填 (t)ested。 5．句意：汽车强大的引擎和合理的价格让他惊讶。根据“China’s tech is ahead of Europe!”及首字母提示可知，此处指使他惊讶，surprise“使惊讶”，动词；时态为一般过去时，surprise的过去式为surprised。故填(s)urprised。   6．句意：尽管他不能清楚地理解一些当地食物，但他仍然品尝了麻辣火锅。根据“unable to understand some local foods”和“still tasted spicy hotpot”可知，though“尽管”符合语境，引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然理解不了，但还是去尝试了”。故填(T)hough。 7．句意：他高度评价了中国的交通。根据“New York subways can’t even send text messages!”及首字母提示可知，此处指高度评价，think highly of“高度评价”，固定短语。故填(h)ighly。    8．句意：美味的食物让世界变得更小。根据“Delicious food...the world smaller.”和首字母提示可知，这里表示美味的食物让世界变得更小，make“使变得”，句子是一般现在时，主语“Delicious food”是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式makes。故填(m)akes。 9．句意：有些人认为他的视频经过了编辑，但大多数人都认可这些视频展现了真实的中国。根据“Some people thought his videos were edited (编辑), but most people...”可知，前后是转折关系，前面说一些人认为视频被编辑了，后面应该是大多数人都认可视频展示了真实的中国，agree“同意，认可”，句子时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式agreed。故填(a)greed。 10． 句意：这种文化交流引起了大量的讨论。根据“caused a great deal of”及首字母提示可知，此处指引发了大量的讨论，a great deal of后接不可数名词discussion“讨论”。故填(d)iscussion。 Passage 3 (2025·江苏省淮安市清江浦区·二模) 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整、通顺，每空一词。 Have you heard of Wang Xingxing, the founder (创始人) of Unitree Company? The Yang (秧) BOT robots on the Spring Festival Gala were d 1 by his team. How amazing the program is! Here is his speech: Believe. Many people might think I was a top student, but I wasn’t. Especially in English — I tried my best but failed most of times in high school. My teachers and classmates always said I was “slower” than others and I felt w 2 about it, too. However, I have my own love. I spent all my spare time on “small” i 3 . I built a wind-powered car out of old cardboard when I was 10. I made a tiny engine and model airplanes from scrap metal (废铁) a 4 the age of 15. When I was 19. I decided to make a robot, but n 5 believed that I could do it. At last I invented a small two-legged robot with just 200 yuan s 6 . From that experience, I learn if you want to achieve anything that seems i 7 you just need to break into thousands of small steps and solve them one by one. Later, I faced m 8 challenges. When I started my robot company in my twenties, many people didn’t believe me. But I believe myself. In this fast-paced (快节奏) world, I would like to take it slow, avoiding taking shortcuts (捷径). I believe that if we keep d 9 difficult but right things, we will succeed in the future. The robots our company invented have become the most popular in the world so far. We are lucky b 10 technology is growing faster than ever. I believe we can create smarter AI, better robots, cooler games and more amazing movies than before. Finally, let’s remember the words from the movie Nezha. “Do you still want to change the world? I want to try! Let’s try together!” 【答案】 1．(d)esigned 2．(w)orried 3．(i)nventions 4．(a)t 5．(n)obody 6．(s)aved 7．(i)mpossible 8．(m)any 9．(d)oing 10．(b)ecause 【导语】本文通过王兴兴的经历，讲述他从学业受挫到坚持发明创造，最终创立机器人公司的故事，强调“相信自己、分解目标、坚持做正确的事”的人生哲学，呼应“敢想敢试”的奋斗精神。 1．句意：春晚上的“秧BOT”机器人是由他的团队设计的。根据“the founder of Unitree Company”及首字母提示可知，创始人团队“设计”了机器人，此处为被动语态（were + 过去分词），故填(d)esigned。 2．句意：老师和同学总说我比别人“慢”，我自己也为此感到担忧。根据“slower than others”可知，王兴兴因学业表现被否定而焦虑，“feel worried about”为固定搭配，故填(w)orried。 3．句意：我把所有空闲时间都花在“小发明” 上。根据后文“wind-powered car”“model airplanes” 等可知，这些属于“发明”，且“small”后接名词，结合首字母i，用复数inventions，故填(i)nventions。 4．句意：15岁时，我用废铁做了一个微型发动机和模型飞机。“at the age of + 数字”为固定搭配，表示“在……岁时”，故填(a)t。 5．句意：19岁时我决定做机器人，但没人相信我能做到。根据“but”转折及后文“at last I invented...”可知，起初无人相信他，“nobody”表示“没有人”，故填(n)obody。 6．句意：最后我只用节省下来的200元发明了一个小型两足机器人。“200 yuan”是他“节省”或“储存”的钱，过去分词作后置定语，故填(s)aved。 7．句意：我认识到，若想实现看似不可能的事，只需分解成无数小步骤逐一解决。“achieve anything”后接形容词，结合“break into small steps”可知，此处指“不可能的”任务，故填(i)mpossible。 8．句意：后来，我面临许多挑战。“challenges”为可数名词复数，用“many”修饰表示“许多”，故填(m)any。 9．句意：我相信，若坚持做困难但正确的事，未来终将成功。“keep doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“坚持做某事”，故填(d)oing。 10．句意：我们很幸运，因为科技发展比以往任何时候都快。“technology is growing faster”是“lucky”的原因，用“because”引导原因状语从句，故填(b)ecause。 Passage 4 (2025·江苏省盐城市大丰区·二模) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使意思完整。 Carving Cultural Wonders Chalk is a common thing we see and use every day. But have you ever i 1 using a compass (圆规) to turn it into carved artwork? Shen Sihao, a 31-year-old man, started this amazing w 2 in high school. Shen grew up in Luoyang, a city in Henan province, which is f 3 for its cultural relics (遗迹) and old buildings. When he was young, he carved chalk into small m 4 of these relics and buildings with a compass. He said he was sorry he didn’t have enough time back then to do more. After working in Beijing, Shen had time to r 5 his childhood dream. Since 2024, he has shared videos of his chalk carvings online, l 6 tomb figures (俑) and arrows. He has gained many followers online, especially students. For Shen, the carving process is as interesting as the final product. He said carving helped him understand relics better. He o 7 found an ancient warrior looked like Ultraman (奥特曼) when carving it. This made him wonder w 8 the design of Ultraman was inspired by an ancient Chinese warrior. To Shen, carving chalk not only helps him learn more about history and culture but also teaches him patience. He often breaks his work by accident when it’s almost done. He says that being p 9 is the key to success in both carving and life. To attract more followers, Shen now a 10 pop culture items to his works, such as Ao Bing, the dragon prince from Ne Zha 2. His art bridges history and modernity, proving that creativity can turn simple objects into treasures. 【答案】 1．(i)magined 2．(w)ork 3．(f)amous 4．(m)odels 5．(r)ealize 6．(l)ike 7．(o)nce 8．(w)hether 9．(p)atient 10．(a)dds 【导语】本文讲述了沈思浩用圆规雕刻粉笔，展现文物、传承文化并收获了感悟。 1．句意：但你曾想象过用圆规把它变成雕刻艺术品吗？根据“have you ever…using a compass to turn it into carved artwork?”及首字母提示可知，此处应该是表示“你曾想象过”，且句子时态为现在完成时，用过去分词imagined，故填(i)magined。 2．句意：31岁的沈思浩从高中就开始了这项惊人的工作。根据“started this amazing…in high school” 及首字母提示可知，此处表示“在高中开始了这项神奇的工作”，work“工作”，符合语境，故填(w)ork。 3．句意：沈在河南洛阳长大，这座城市以文物和古建筑闻名。根据“a city in Henan province, which is…for its cultural relics”及首字母提示可知，be famous for意为“以…… 闻名”，固定搭配，故填(f)amous。 4．句意：他用圆规把粉笔雕刻成这些遗迹和建筑的小模型。根据“carved chalk into small…of these relics and buildings”及首字母提示可知，他把粉笔雕刻成这些遗迹的小模型，model“模型”，且根据“these relics and buildings”可知此处用复数，故填(m)odels。 5．句意：在北京工作后，沈有时间实现他的童年梦想。根据“had time to…his childhood dream”及首字母提示可知，此处表示他有时间完成童年心愿，realize one’s dream意为“实现梦想”，固定搭配，且动词不定式to后接动词原形，故填(r)ealize。 6．句意：2024年以来，他在网上分享粉笔雕刻视频，如俑和箭头。根据“shared videos of his chalk carvings online,…tomb figures and arrows”及首字母提示可知，此处表示“比如……”，like符合语境，故填(l)ike。 7．句意：他曾在雕刻一个古代武士时发现其看起来像奥特曼。根据“found an ancient warrior looked like Ultraman when carving it”及首字母提示可知，此处表示“他曾经发现一个古代武士看起来像奥特曼”，once“曾经”，符合语境，故填(o)nce。 8．句意：这让他想知道奥特曼的设计是否受到中国古代武士的启发。根据“wonder…the design of Ultraman was inspired by…”及首字母提示可知，wonder后接宾语从句，询问“是否受到中国古代武士的启发”，whether“是否”，符合语境，故填(w)hether。 9．句意：他说耐心是雕刻和生活中成功的关键。根据“being…is the key to success”及首字母提示可知，前文提到“常意外弄坏作品”，需“耐心”应对，patient“耐心的”，符合语境，故填(p)atient。 10．句意：为吸引更多粉丝，沈现在将流行文化元素添加到作品中，如《哪吒 2》中的龙太子敖丙。根据“now…pop culture items to his works”及首字母提示可知，add…to…意为 “添加”，固定搭配，且句子时态为一般现在时，主语“Shen”为第三人称单数，动词用单三形式adds，故填(a)dds。 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 (2026·江苏省盐城市盐都区·二模) The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp. On the plain (平原) in front of us, we can just meet a group of amazing a 1 . This is why we’re here—to watch Tibetan antelopes. Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. Watching them m 2 slowly across the green grass, I’m surprised by their beauty. I’m also reminded of the d 3 situations they faced. They were hunted for their valuable fur. My guide, Zhaxi, works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a shelter for the animals and of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, p 4 the wildlife is a way of life. “We’re not just trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we’re trying to save o 5 .” The 1980s and 1990s were b 6 times for the Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. In order to s 7 this species (物种), the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Zhaxi and o 8 volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and w 1 the stars. I think about the antelopes. Much is being done to protect wildlife, b 2 if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to live in peace with nature can we stop being a threat (威胁) to wildlife and to our planet. 【答案】 1．animals/nimals 2．move/ove 3．dangerous/angerous 4．protecting/rotecting 5．ourselves/urselves 6．bad/ad 7．save/ave 8．other/ther 9．watch/atch 10．but/ut 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过在西藏观看藏羚羊的经历，引出了藏羚羊曾经面临的生存危机以及政府和人们为保护它们所做出的努力。文章最后升华主题，指出保护野生动物不仅仅是拯救动物本身，更是拯救人类自己，呼吁人们改变生活方式，与自然和谐共处。 【详解】 1．句意：在我们面前的平原上，我们可以看到一群令人惊奇的动物。根据后文“This is why we're here—to watch Tibetan antelopes.”以及首字母“a”可知，此处指的是“动物”。由于前面有“a group of”修饰，所以应用复数形式，animals符合语境。 2．句意：看着它们在绿草地上慢慢移动，我对它们的美丽感到惊讶。根据语境“Watching them...slowly across the green grass”以及首字母“m”可知，此处指藏羚羊在草地上“移动、行走”。watch sb. do sth.表示“看见某人做某事”，此处描述的是看到的自然景象，用动词原形，move符合语境。 3．句意：我也想起了它们曾经面临的危险处境。根据后文“They were hunted for their valuable fur.”可知，藏羚羊曾经面临的是“危险的”处境。结合首字母“d”，此处应用形容词修饰名词situations，dangerous符合语境。 4．句意：对扎西来说，保护野生动物是一种生活方式。根据前文提到的自然保护区以及后文“the wildlife is a way of life”可知，扎西的工作是“保护”野生动物。此处作主语，应用动名词形式。结合首字母“p”，protecting符合语境。 5．句意：实际上，我们正在试图拯救我们自己。根据前文“We’re not just trying to save the animals”可知，后半句表示转折或递进，即“实际上我们在拯救我们自己”。结合首字母“o”，此处应用反身代词，ourselves符合语境。 6．句意：20世纪80年代和90年代对藏羚羊来说是糟糕的时期。根据后文“The population dropped by more than 50 percent.”可知，那个时期对藏羚羊来说是很“糟糕的”。结合首字母“b”，bad符合语境。 7．句意：为了拯救这个物种，中国政府将其列为国家级保护动物。根据前文提到的藏羚羊数量锐减以及后文“the Chinese government placed it under national protection”可知，目的是为了“拯救”该物种。in order to do sth.为固定搭配，结合首字母“s”，save符合语境。 8．句意：扎西和其他志愿者日夜看守藏羚羊，保护它们免受攻击。根据语境“Zhaxi and...volunteers”可知，此处指扎西和“其他的”志愿者。结合首字母“o”，other符合语境。 9．句意：晚上，我喝一杯茶，看星星。根据“drink a cup of tea and...the stars”可知，此处表示“观看”星星。and连接并列谓语，前面是drink，此处也用动词原形。结合首字母“w”，watch符合语境。 10．句意：为了保护野生动物已经做了很多工作，但是如果我们真的想拯救地球，我们必须改变我们的生活方式。前半句“Much is being done to protect wildlife”与后半句“we must change our way of life”之间存在转折关系，表示虽然做了很多，但还不够，还需要更多改变。结合首字母“b”，but符合语境。 Passage 2 (2026·天津市武清区河北屯镇初级中学等校·模拟) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 When night falls, we turn on the lights to make our cities beautiful. However, few people know that too much light can be a k 1 of pollution. It is called “light pollution”, and it is becoming a serious problem around the world. Light pollution doesn’t just stop us from seeing the s 2 . It also causes many problems for animals. For example, fireflies (萤火虫) use their own light to talk to e 3 other and find their partners. But when the city lights are too b 4 , fireflies cannot see partners’ signals (信号) clearly. As a result, it is difficult for them to produce more babies. Another example is about birds. Many birds fly at night by f 5 the light of the moon. Bright city lights can confuse (使困惑) them, and some birds may lose their way or even h 6 tall buildings. Besides, light pollution can affect human health in different ways. If you sleep with the lights on, your body will think it is s 7 daytime and cannot rest well. This might make you feel t 8 or even develop some illnesses. Doctors say that the dark is necessary for a good sleep b 9 it helps our bodies produce a special hormone (激素) to keep us healthy. To help solve this problem, many cities are starting to take action. They have decided to turn off unnecessary lights in public places a 10 midnight. We can also do our part in our daily lives. Darkness is as important as light. Let’s work together to protect the dark night so that we can enjoy the beautiful stars and live a healthier life. 【答案】 1．kind/ind 2．stars/tars 3．each/ach 4．bright/right 5．following/ollowing 6．hit/it 7．still/till 8．tired/ired 9．because/ecause 10．after/fter 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。通过阐述光污染对生态、动物及人类健康的影响，呼吁保护暗夜环境。 1．句意：然而很少有人知道，过多的光可能是一种污染。此处指“一种污染”，应用名词kind“种类”，构成固定搭配a kind of。 2．句意：光污染不仅阻止我们看星星。灯光会掩盖星光，应用复数名词stars“星星”。 3．句意：萤火虫用自己的光互相交流并寻找伴侣。此处是固定搭配each other“互相”。 4．句意：当城市灯光太亮时，萤火虫无法清晰看到伴侣的信号。“fireflies cannot see partners’ signals clearly”说明，灯光太“亮”会影响信号接收，bright“明亮的”，形容词。 5．句意：许多鸟类通过跟随月光在夜间飞行。此处指“跟随”月光，介词by后应用follow的动名词形式following。 6．句意：一些鸟类可能迷路甚至撞上高楼。迷路后可能撞击建筑物，主语是复数形式，应用动词原形hit“撞击”。 7．句意：如果你开灯睡觉，你的身体会认为仍是白天。开灯时身体误以为“仍然”是白天，still“仍然”。 8．句意：这可能让你感到疲惫甚至生病。“cannot rest well”说明，睡眠不足会导致“疲惫”，应填形容词tired“疲惫的”。 9．句意：黑暗对良好睡眠是必要的，因为它帮助身体产生特殊激素。后句解释前句原因，应用连词because“因为”连接。 10．句意：他们决定在午夜之后关闭公共场所不必要的灯。“turn off unnecessary lights … midnight”说明，关灯时间在午夜“之后”，after“在……之后”。 Passage 3 (2024·江苏省扬州市高邮市·二模) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。 Phineas is no common cat. He suffers from a condition that causes him to wobble (摇晃) and fall over when he walks. However, his u 1 way of walking has made him a star on social media, with two million followers. This has also h 2 increase the attention to the rare diseases like the cat’s condition in humans. More and more people get to know the challenges faced by these p 3 and their families. Phineas was born with a disorder in one part of his brain, which works for helping make a balance and coordination when walking or doing some other things. He was found as a stray kitten (流浪猫) and taken to an a 4 center. There Phineas was taken good care of and later adopted (领养) by a couple who heard about his s 5 on social media. The couple are both biomedical (生物医学的) scientists and have lots of researches in the nervous system. They decided to care for Phineas with their much k 6 and experience. They considered living with him b 7 they want to learn more about the diseases and get ideas for their research. They even created a social media account for Phineas to s 8 his daily adventures with the followers and teach people how to face conditions like his. They a 9 call on the people to raise money to support animals and people in need. Phineas has become a symbol of h 10 for many of those with conditions related to the nervous system. His wobbly walk also reminds us that we can still enjoy life even in the hardest times. 【答案】 1．(u)nusual 2．(h)elped 3．(p)atients 4．(a)nimal 5．(s)tory 6．(k)nowledge 7．(b)ecause 8．(s)hare 9．(a)lso 10．(h)ope 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了人们关心、帮助生来就患有大脑紊乱流浪猫——菲尼亚斯的故事。 1．句意：然而，他不寻常的走路方式让他成为了社交媒体上的明星，拥有200万粉丝。结合上文“causes him to wobble and fall over when he walks”和首字母“u”可知，此处是指不寻常的走路方式；unusual“不寻常的”，形容词，在句中作定语。故填(u)nusual。 2．句意：这也有助于提高人们对罕见疾病的关注，比如人类的猫病。结合下文“More and more people get to know the challenges”和首字母“h”可知，此处是指有助于提高人们对罕见病的关注；help“帮助”，动词；根据空前“has”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，help的过去分词为helped。故填(h)elped。 3．句意：越来越多的人开始了解这些患者及其家属所面临的挑战。结合“the rare diseases like the cat’s condition in humans”和首字母“p”可知，此处是指患有这些罕见病的病人；patient“病人”，可数名词；根据空前these可知，此处应用名词复数形式patients。故填(p)atients。 4．句意：它被发现时还是一只流浪猫，被送到了动物中心。结合“a stray kitten”和首字母“a”可知，此处是指动物中心；animal“动物”，名词，此处应用名词单数形式修饰名词center。故填(a)nimal。 5．句意：菲尼亚斯在那里得到了很好的照顾，后来被一对夫妇收养，他们在社交媒体上听到了他的故事。结合“a star on social media, with two million followers”和首字母“s”可知，此处是指那对夫妇听过菲尼亚斯的故事；story“故事”， 可数名词。故填(s)tory。 6．句意：他们决定用自己丰富的知识和经验来照顾菲尼亚斯。结合“The couple are both biomedical scientists”和首字母“k”可知，此处是指丰富的知识；knowledge“知识”，不可数名词。故填(k)nowledge。 7．句意：他们考虑和他住在一起，因为他们想更多地了解这些疾病，并为他们的研究找到灵感。结合句子结构和首字母“b”可知，前后两句为因果关系，前果后因，应用because引导状语从句。故填(b)ecause。 8．句意：他们甚至为菲尼亚斯创建了一个社交媒体账户，与粉丝们分享他的日常冒险，并教人们如何面对像他这样的情况。结合“his daily adventures with the followers”和首字母“s”可知，此处是指分享他的日常冒险；share“分享”，动词；根据空前不定式符号to可知，这里应用动词原形。故填(s)hare。 9．句意：他们还呼吁人们筹集资金来支持动物和需要帮助的人。结合上文“even created a social media account”和首字母“a”可知，此处是指他们也呼吁人们筹集资金；also“也，此外”，副词，在句中修饰动词，作状语。故填(a)lso。 10．句意：菲尼亚斯已经成为许多神经系统疾病患者希望的象征。结合语境和首字母“h”可知，此处是指希望的象征；hope“希望”，此处用作不可数名词。故填(h)ope。 主题03 人与社会——传统文化 Passage 1 (2026·江苏盐城市滨海县等2地·二模) 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文通顺。 At the age of 80, Cai Gao has made history. She is the first Chinese illustrator (插图画家) to w 1 the International Hans Christian Andersen Award for Illustration. It is one of the h 2 prizes in world children’s literature. On the evening of April 13, the 2026 award was h 3 at the Bologna International Children’s Book Fair. Cai Gao, a well-known Chinese picture book artist, won the prize. She is the first Chinese to get s 4 a great honour in this field. It is known that Cai Gao has worked hard for many years. She has kept creating with full passion (热情) and never stopped trying new ideas. Winning this award is full of p 5 for her hard work and love for children. Over the years, she has created many w 6 works, all from Chinese culture. Cai Gao’s works are full of imagination and love. Her style shows the beauty of Chinese traditional culture and folk art. She looks at the world w 7 children’s eyes and tells funny stories in a s 8 way. Her works are loved by people across the world. The International Hans Christian Andersen Award has a long history. It began in 1956. It is given every two years, and each person can win it only o 9 in a year. This great honor means a lot to Cai Gao and also to Chinese art. It will encourage more Chinese artists to stand p 10 on the world stage. Chinese original (原创) picture books are getting more popular around the world. 【答案】 1．win/in 2．highest/ighest 3．held/eld 4．such/uch 5．praise/raise 6．wonderful/onderful 7．with/ith 8．simple/imple 9．once/nce 10．proudly/roudly 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了80岁的中国插画家蔡皋获得国际安徒生奖插画奖的事迹，以及她作品的特点和对中国艺术的深远影响。 【详解】 1．句意：她是第一位赢得国际安徒生奖插画奖的中国插画家。此处为“the first+名词+to do sth.”结构，表示“第一个做某事的人”，结合首字母w和后面的“Award”可知，此处指“赢得”奖项，不定式符号to后应用动词原形win。 2．句意：它是世界儿童文学中最高的奖项之一。此处为“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构，表示“最……的……之一”，结合首字母h可知，此处指“最高的”奖项，应用high的最高级highest。 3．句意：4月13日晚，2026年颁奖典礼在博洛尼亚国际儿童书展上举行。主语“the 2026 award”与动词之间为被动关系，结合首字母h和前面的was可知，此处应用hold的过去分词held，构成一般过去时的被动语态，表示“被举办”。 4．句意：她是第一位在这个领域获得如此巨大荣誉的中国人。此处修饰单数可数名词honour，结合首字母s和“a great honour”可知，此处应用such，构成“such a/an+形容词+单数可数名词”结构，表示“如此……的……”。 5．句意：获得这个奖项是对她的辛勤工作和对孩子们的爱的充分赞扬。介词of后应接名词，结合首字母p和“for her hard work”可知，此处指“充满赞扬”，固定搭配be full of praise for...意为“对……充满赞扬”，praise符合语境。 6．句意：多年来，她创作了许多精彩的作品，全部源于中国文化。此处应填形容词修饰名词works，结合首字母w可知，此处指“精彩的/极好的”作品，应用形容词wonderful。 7．句意：她用孩子的眼睛看世界，用简单的方式讲述有趣的故事。此处表示“用”孩子的眼睛，结合首字母w可知，应用介词with，表示使用某种工具或手段。 8．句意：她用孩子的眼睛看世界，用简单的方式讲述有趣的故事。此处应填形容词修饰名词way，结合首字母s和前文“children’s eyes”可知，给孩子讲故事通常用“简单的”方式，应用形容词simple。 9．句意：它每两年颁发一次，每个人一年只能赢得一次。此处表示频率，结合首字母o和“only”可知，此处指“仅仅一次”，应用副词once。 10．句意：这将鼓励更多的中国艺术家骄傲地站在世界舞台上。此处应填副词修饰动词stand，结合首字母p可知，此处指“骄傲地”站立，应用副词proudly。 Passage 2 (2026·江苏南通市海门区·二模) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 A new social media trend (潮流)—known as “Becoming Chinese”—has a 1 the attention of TikTok users around the world recently. More and more young people are showing great interest in Chinese daily life and posting their own e 2 online. This cultural exchange has led many people to try different Chinese lifestyles online. These lifestyles often i 3 daily healthy habits, such as drinking warm water instead of cold drinks; eating cooked vegetables rather than raw salads; and practising baduanjin—a slow exercise loved by elderly people. These simple habits are becoming popular among foreigners, e 4 the teenagers. Why is “Becoming Chinese” getting more and more popular? The reasons lie in the call for a m 5 healthier life from young people and China’s rising global charm. Young people are t 6 of the fast and stressful modern life, they hope to discover new and useful ways of life from other countries. They believe different cultures can bring fresh ideas to their own lives. The Global Times noted that the w 7 behind Chinese lifestyles helps people deal with today’s “burnout” (倦怠的) society. For example, Chinese culture teaches people to live in peace with nature and keep a balance b 8 yin and yang. It also encourages people to slow down and care more about their physical and mental health. In such a fast-changing world, Chinese lifestyles can bring order, calm and peace of mind. This change clearly shows China’s growing soft power. Foreigners are no longer looking at Chinese culture only from a distance. I 9 , they are taking part in it and making it part of their daily lives. They not only learn Chinese habits on their own but also share them with their friends and family. 【答案】1．attracted/ttracted 2．experiences/xperiences 3．include/nclude 4．especially/specially 5．much/uch 6．tired/ired 7．wisdom/isdom 8．between/etween 9．Instead/nstead 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了最近在社交媒体上兴起的一种名为“成为中国人”的新潮流，越来越多的外国人开始体验并分享中国健康的生活方式，这体现了中国日益增长的文化软实力。 【详解】 1．句意：最近，一种被称为“成为中国人”的新社交媒体潮流吸引了全世界TikTok用户的注意。设空处在助动词has之后，且根据首字母a和搭配“...the attention”可知，此处表示“吸引”，应用动词attract；由recently和has可知，句子为现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，故填attracted。 2．句意：越来越多的年轻人对中国人的日常生活表现出极大的兴趣，并在网上发布他们自己的体验。设空处作动词post的宾语，根据首字母e和语境可知，此处表示“经历，体验”，应用名词experience；结合their own可知，此处指各种各样的体验，应用复数形式，故填experiences。 3．句意：这些生活方式通常包括日常的健康习惯，比如喝温水而不是冷饮……。设空处作谓语，根据首字母i和后面的例子可知，此处表示“包括，包含”，应用动词include；主语These lifestyles为复数，且句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，谓语动词用原形，故填include。 4．句意：这些简单的习惯在外国人中变得很受欢迎，尤其是青少年。设空处修饰后面的名词短语the teenagers，起强调作用，根据首字母e可知，此处表示“尤其，特别”，应用副词especially，故填especially。 5．句意：原因在于年轻人对更健康生活的呼唤，以及中国不断提升的全球魅力。设空处修饰形容词比较级healthier，根据首字母m可知，此处表示“更，得多”，应用副词much作程度状语，故填much。 6．句意：年轻人厌倦了快节奏和充满压力的现代生活，他们希望从其他国家发现新的、有用的生活方式。设空处作表语，根据首字母t和搭配“be...of”以及语境可知，此处表示“对……感到厌倦”，应用固定短语be tired of，故填tired。 7．句意：《环球时报》指出，中国生活方式背后的智慧有助于人们应对当今的“倦怠”社会。设空处作从句的主语，根据首字母w和语境可知，此处表示“智慧”，应用不可数名词wisdom，故填wisdom。 8．句意：例如，中国文化教导人们与自然和平相处，保持阴阳之间的平衡。设空处后接“yin and yang”，根据首字母b和搭配“...A and B”可知，此处表示“在……之间”，应用介词between，故填between。 9．句意：相反，他们正在参与其中，并使其成为他们日常生活的一部分。设空处在句首作状语，结合前一句“外国人不再仅仅从远处看待中国文化”和首字母I可知，此处表示转折，意为“相反，而是”，应用副词instead；位于句首首字母需大写，故填Instead。 Passage 3 (2026·江苏扬州市邗江区·适考) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。 Xiaoman is the 8th solar term of the year. It f 1 in late May, usually between the 20th and 21st. Its Chinese name, literally meaning ”small fullness”, reflects the small but important changes in the natural world, carrying the wisdom of a 2 Chinese people. In northern China, Xiaoman is c 3 connected with wheat. As the t 4 rises gradually, the wheat grains become fuller day by day, but they are not fully ripe yet. Farmers here are busy with heavy farm work: they take measures to protect the wheat f 5 dry and strong winds and get ready for the coming harvest. H 6 , in southern China, Xiaoman always brings more rainfall. Rivers are fuller than usual, which is important for rice g 7 . Farmers take good care of their rice fields to make sure the soil stays wet. They also pick fresh and sweet fruits like mulberries during this period. Xiaoman also has warm traditions for people. To adapt to the w 8 weather, people eat bitter herbs to cool their bodies down. They also enjoy fresh fish from nearby rivers. Some villages even hold simple ceremonies to e 9 thanks to the Waterwheel God for bringing enough rain. These activities show people’s deep love and respect for nature. Xiaoman teaches us a simple but valuable lesson. An old Chinese saying goes, “The moon loses light when it is full; water runs over when a cup is too full.” It r 10 us to be happy with small achievements and keep a modest attitude. Just like the wheat waiting patiently to ripen, life is beautiful in its gentle “small fullness”. 【答案】 1．falls/alls 2．ancient/ncient 3．closely/losely 4．temperature/emperature 5．from/rom 6．However/owever 7．growth/rowth 8．warm/arm 9．express/xpress 10．reminds/eminds 【导语】本文主要介绍了二十四节气之一“小满”的时间、南北差异、传统习俗及其蕴含的人生哲理。 【详解】 1．句意：小满在五月下旬，通常在20日至21日之间。根据“Xiaoman is the 8th solar term... It f... in late May”可知，表示某个节日、节气或事件“发生在某一天或某个时间段”，英语中常用动词fall；主语It为第三人称单数，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填falls。 2．句意：其中文名称字面意思是“小满”，反映了自然界微小而重要的变化，承载着中国古代人民的智慧。根据“carrying the wisdom of a... Chinese people”及常识可知，二十四节气是中国古代劳动人民在长期农耕实践中总结出来的，此处应表示“古代的”中国人民，形容词ancient符合语境。 3．句意：在中国北方，小满与小麦紧密相关。下文具体描述了小满时节北方小麦的生长状况以及农民忙碌的农事活动。由此可见，小满与小麦之间存在着密不可分的关系。空处需要填入一个副词来修饰connected，表示“紧密地”相关，closely符合语境。 4．句意：随着气温逐渐升高，麦粒日渐饱满，但尚未完全成熟。根据“As the t... rises gradually”及下文描述小麦生长可知，此处指“气温”逐渐升高，名词temperature符合语境。 5．句意：农民们忙着繁重的农活：他们采取措施保护小麦免受干燥和强风的影响，并为即将到来的丰收做准备。后文提到干燥和强风是对小麦不利的因素，因此需要采取措施使小麦免受其影响，固定搭配“protect...from...”，表示“保护……免受……”，故填from。 6．句意：然而，在中国南方，小满总是带来更多的降雨。上文提到北方小满时节农民忙于保护小麦免受干热风的侵害，下文则说南方小满会带来更多降雨，南北形成对比关系，且空格后有逗号，首字母H提示However“然而”，符合语境。 7．句意：河流比平时更满，这对水稻生长很重要。根据上文“in southern China, Xiaoman always brings more rainfall. Rivers are fuller than usual”可知，小满带来的雨水使河流水位上涨，这有利于水稻的生长，名词growth表示“生长”，符合语境。 8．句意：为了适应温暖的天气，人们吃苦菜来给身体降火。根据下文“eat bitter herbs to cool their bodies down”可知，人们吃苦菜是为了降温，说明天气是“温暖的”，形容词warm符合语境。 9．句意：一些村庄甚至会举行简单的仪式，向水车神表达感谢，感谢他带来充足的雨水。村民举行仪式的目的就是向水车神“表达”感谢，以祈求风调雨顺，不定式符号to后接动词原形，固定搭配“express thanks to sb.”表示“向某人表达感谢”，express符合语境。 10．句意：它提醒我们要为小小的成就感到快乐，并保持谦虚的态度。上文引用了一句中国古话“月满则亏，水满则溢”，下文“It r... us to be happy with small achievements and keep a modest attitude”中，此处指这个道理对我们的提醒；remind sb. to do sth.表示“提醒某人做某事”，主语It为第三人称单数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填reminds。 Passage 4 (2026·江苏连云港市赣榆区·适考) 根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 The gourd, called “húlu”, is a special plant with a long history. At first, people used gourds as t 1 for carrying water and storing food. Later, gourds became important in traditions and stories. The shape of the gourd is not special. It looks s 2 , but it carries deep meanings. Its name “húlu” sounds like “fúlù (福禄)”, which means “good luck and wealth”. B 3 of this, it is seen as a symbol of happiness and success. Its round shape is c 4 with protection. Gourds play an important role in Chinese traditions and festivals. People h 5 gourds at home to drive away bad spirits. During festivals like the Mid-Autumn Festival, people put up gourds to wish for family unity and p 6 of food. Gourds are also used in traditional medicine to help with different health problems. The gourd appears in many a 7 stories. For example, one of the Eight Immortals, Li Tieguai, often carries a gourd. It’s said that in his gourd, there is magical medicine that can give people a long life. Today, the gourd still has cultural meaning while also being u 8 in modern art. Artists mix old skills with new styles in their works, keeping the gourd meaningful in modern culture. Also many people use gourds to decorate their homes, thinking they can bring good luck, health as w 9 as happiness. From old stories to modern homes, the gourd r 10 meaningful in Chinese life. It also shows how common things can hold great power. gourd 【答案】 1．tools/ools 2．simple/imple 3．Because/ecause 4．connected/onnected 5．hang/ang 6．plenty/lenty 7．ancient/ncient 8．used/sed 9．well/ell 10．remains/emains 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了葫芦在中国从古代到现代的用途、文化寓意和相关应用。 【详解】 1．句意：起初人们把葫芦作为运水和储存食物的工具来使用。根据“for carrying water and storing food”并结合首字母t可知，tool“工具”符合语境，是可数名词，由前面的“gourds”可知，此处应填其复数形式，在词尾加s，故填tools。 2．句意：它看起来简约普通，却有着深远的寓意。根据“The shape of the gourd is not special.”以及首字母s可知，simple“简单的”符合语境，是形容词作表语。 3．句意：由于这个缘由，它被看作幸福和成功的象征。根据“which means ‘good luck and wealth’”和“it is seen as a symbol of happiness and success”以及首字母B可知，此处表原因，Because“因为”符合语境。 4．句意：它圆润的外形和守护息息相关。根据“it carries deep meanings”和“Its round shape”及“protection”并结合首字母c可知，固定搭配be connected with“与……有关”，符合语境，故填connected。 5．句意：人们常常在家中悬挂葫芦用来驱除邪祟。根据“...gourds at home”并结合生活常识以及首字母h可知，hang“悬挂”符合语境，是动词，此处陈述一个习俗，句子为一般现在时，主语为people，谓语动词用原形，故填hang。 6．句意：在像中秋节这样的节日里，人们摆放葫芦，祈求家庭团圆和充足的食物。根据“to wish for family unity”及首字母p可知，固定短语plenty of“大量的”符合语境，故填plenty。 7．句意：葫芦出现在诸多古老故事之中。根据“For example, one of the Eight Immortals, Li Tieguai, often carries a gourd.”及首字母a可知，ancient“古老的”符合语境，是形容词作定语。 8．句意：如今，葫芦在具有文化意义的同时，也被应用于现代艺术中。根据“Artists mix old skills with new styles in their works”及首字母u可知，use“使用”符合语境，是动词，由主语和谓语可知，句子为被动语态，其谓语结构为“be+done”，所以此处应用其过去分词形式used。 9．句意：还有很多人用葫芦装饰家，认为它们能带来好运、健康以及幸福。根据“good luck”“health”和“happiness”为并列关系，并结合首字母w可知，固定短语as well as“和”，符合语境，故填well。 10．句意：从古老的故事到现代的家庭，葫芦在中国的生活里依旧意义非凡。由形容词“meaningful”可知，此处应填系动词，而根据“From old stories to modern homes”及首字母r可知，remain“保持、依旧”符合语境，句子在阐述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为单数名词，谓语动词应用其第三人称单数形式，故填remains。 主题01 人与自我——哲理感悟 Passage 1 (2026·江苏省扬州树人学校·二模) 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） At the back of our house, there was a small piece of unused land. “It’s a pity to let it go to waste like that,” Mother said “S 1 you all enjoy eating peanuts, let’s make it a peanut field.” My brother, sister and I were all excited. We began buying seeds, d 2 up the ground and watering the plants. In a couple of months, we had a harvest! “Let’s have a party tonight to celebrate,” Mother s 3 . She cooked the peanuts in a few different ways and told us to go to the garden for the celebration. “Who can tell me what peanuts are good for?” Father asked. “They’re delicious to eat,” my sister took the l 1 . “They’re good for making oil,” my brother followed. “They’re cheap,” I said. “Almost everyone can a 1 to buy peanuts and most people like eating them. “Peanuts are good for many things,” Father said, “but still there’s one special thing about them. U 1 apples and peaches that show their fruits in the air and attract people with their beautiful colours, the peanut plant hides its fruits in the earth. Until you dig it out, you can’t tell by looking at its thin stem whether it bears fruit or not.” “That’s true,” we all said. Mother n 2 too. “Trying to be like the peanut is a good idea.” Father went on, “It’s useful, though not very attractive.” “Do you mean,” l asked, “compared with being u 3 , looking for attention and praise from others is not that important?” “Yes,” Father said. “This is what I mean. And this is what I e 4 of you.” We stayed up late that night and ate all the peanuts Mother had cooked for us. But F 5 words remain clear in my memory to this day. 【答案】 1．Since/ince 2．digging/igging 3．suggested/uggested 4．lead/ead 5．afford/fford 6．Unlike/nlike 7．nodded/odded 8．useful/seful 9．expect/xpect 10．Father’s/ather’s 【导语】本文改编自中国现代作家许地山的散文《落花生》，主要讲述了作者一家人种花生、收花生以及在庆祝丰收时谈论花生好处的故事，通过父亲的话揭示了做人要像花生一样，虽然外表不起眼，但要对社会有用的深刻道理。 【详解】 1．句意：“就那么荒着太可惜了，”母亲说，“既然你们都喜欢吃花生，我们就把那块地变成花生田吧。”上文母亲说“把地荒着太可惜了”，接着用“S… you all enjoy eating peanuts”说明把地变成花生田的理由。“Since”意为“既然”，引导原因状语从句，表示显而易见的原因，符合母亲说话的逻辑。 2．句意：我们开始买种子、翻土、浇水。上文提到“我们都非常兴奋”，接着描述种花生的过程。空格处与“buying seeds”“watering the plants”并列，都是开始做的动作。“dig up the ground”意为“翻地、挖地”，动名词digging符合语境。 3．句意：“我们今晚开个庆祝会吧，”母亲建议道。上文提到“我们收获了！”，母亲接着说“Let’s have a party tonight to celebrate”，这是一个提出建议的句子。空格处需要填一个表示“建议”含义的动词。suggest意为“建议”，此处描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，过去式suggested符合语境。 4．句意：“花生很好吃，”姐姐率先说道。父亲提出问题“谁能告诉我花生有什么好处？”，接着“my sister took the l…”表示姐姐是第一个回答的人。“take the lead”为固定搭配，意为“带头、领先”，此处指姐姐第一个发言。 5．句意：“它们很便宜，”我说，“几乎每个人都买得起花生，而且大多数人都喜欢吃。”上文“我”说花生便宜，空格处“Almost everyone can a… to buy peanuts”进一步解释：几乎每个人都买得起；情态动词can后用动词原形。afford“买得起、负担得起”符合语境。 6．句意：不像苹果和桃子那样把果实挂在空中，用美丽的颜色吸引人，花生这种植物把果实藏在地下。父亲在说明花生“特别的地方”，将花生与苹果、桃子进行对比，苹果、桃子的果实显露在外，花生的果实则埋在地下。“unlike”意为“不像”，用于表示对比，符合语境，句首单词首字母要大写。 7．句意：母亲也点了点头。上文我们都说“确实如此”，接着“Mother n… too”表示母亲也同意大家的说法。“nod”意为“点头”，表示同意或认可。整个故事为一般过去时，故此处用nod的过去式nodded。 8．句意：我问：“您的意思是，比起有用，博取他人的关注和赞扬并不那么重要吗？”上文父亲说花生“It‘s useful, though not very attractive.”，父亲认为花生实用但不张扬，因此“我”的理解是：与“有用”相比，博取他人的关注和赞扬其实并没有那么重要。useful“有用的”符合语境。 9．句意：“是的，”父亲说，“这就是我的意思。这也是我对你们的期望。”父亲在说完“这就是我的意思”之后，补充道“这就是我对你们的……”；expect意为“期望”，符合“父亲期望孩子们像花生一样朴实、有用”的语境，此处句子是一般现在时，主语是I，故expect用原形。 10．句意：但父亲的话至今仍清晰地留在我的记忆里。上文说“那天晚上我们很晚才睡，吃完了母亲为我们做的所有花生”，接着用“But”转折，强调父亲的话一直记得。“F… words”指“父亲的话”，需要用所有格形式father’s。句首单词首字母要大写，故填Father’s。 Passage 2 (2025·江苏省扬州市邗江区·二模) 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 “Lying down” also known as (tang ping), has become a h 1 word among young Chinese people these days. The idea of accepting whatever life gives them is “lying down” lifestyle. Some young people complain that to r 2 a child needs too much money and they often get into a fight with their family. At the same time, the rising living costs i 3 food and housing have pushed them so hard that they could h 4 breathe. Some want to lie down because of their t 5 jobs, competitions with peers (同龄人), as well as personal relationships force them to run away. On the other hand, with the great improvement of living c 6 , it is true that some Chinese youth today have l 7 the spirit of fighting hard for a better life. “I stay at home, sleep and watch TV series, and I’m pleased with what I have now. Actually, there are many people around me w 8 value happiness and freedom most,” said Daisy, who left her job two weeks ago. Interestingly, most young people, who are “big fans” of the “lying down” lifestyle, point out that they only a 9 a temporary (暂时的) lying down as a short rest. In fact, lying down is not totally comfortable for them. Most young people lying down always regard it as a lack of ambition (雄心壮志) and feel ashamed about it. “Young people have both ambition and confusion (困惑) about their future, but most of us have refused to waste chances and c 10 ,” a college student said. 【答案】 1．(h)ot 2．(r)aise 3．(i)ncluding 4．(h)ardly 5．(t)iring 6．(c)onditions 7．(l)ost 8．(w)ho 9．(a)ccept 10．(c)hallenges 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国年轻人中流行的“躺平”现象及其背后的原因和态度。 1．句意：“躺着”也被称为“躺平”，现在已成为中国年轻人中的热门词汇。根据“‘Lying down’ also known as (tang ping), has become a...word among young Chinese people these days.”和首字母提示可知，此处应是指“躺平”成为了中国年轻人中的热门词汇，hot word“热门词汇”。故填(h)ot。 2．句意：一些年轻人抱怨称，抚养一个孩子需要太多钱，他们经常因此与家人发生争吵。根据“to...a child needs too much money”和首字母提示可知，此处指抚养一个孩子需要非常多钱，raise a child"“抚养孩子”，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填(r)aise。 3．句意：与此同时，包括食品和住房在内的生活成本不断上涨，使他们难以呼吸。根据“the rising living costs...food and housing”和首字母提示可知，此处指包括食品和住房在内的生活成本，介词including“包括，包含”符合语境。故填(i)ncluding。 4．句意：与此同时，包括食品和住房在内的生活成本不断上涨，使他们难以呼吸。根据“the rising living costs...food and housing have pushed them so hard that they could...breathe”和首字母提示可知，包括食品和住房在内的生活成本不断上涨，压得人们几乎透不过气，hardly“几乎不”符合语境。故填(h)ardly。 5．句意：一些人想躺平，因为累人的工作、与同龄人的竞争以及人际关系迫使他们想逃避。根据“Some want to lie down because of their...jobs, competitions with peers (同龄人)”和首字母提示可知，累人的工作、与同龄人的竞争等使有些人想躺平，修饰物jobs，应用形容词tiring“累人的”。故填(t)iring。 6．句意：另一方面，随着生活条件的极大改善，如今部分中国青年确实失去了为更好的生活而拼搏的精神。根据“with the great improvement of living...”和首字母提示可知，此处指生活条件的极大改善，living conditions“生活条件”，用复数表泛指。故填(c)onditions。 7．句意：另一方面，随着生活条件的极大改善，如今部分中国青年确实失去了为更好的生活而拼搏的精神。根据“with the great improvement of living..., it is true that some Chinese youth today have...the spirit of fighting hard for a better life”和首字母提示可知，生活条件有了极大的改善，部分人失去了更好的生活而拼搏的精神，这也是一种“躺平”，空前是助动词have，后接lose“失去”的过去分词lost，构成现在完成时的谓语结构。故填(l)ost。 8．句意：“实际上，我身边有很多人最看重幸福和自由，” 两周前离职的黛西说。根据“there are many people around me...value happiness and freedom most,”和首字母提示可知，此处指“我身边有很多人最看重幸福和自由”，即很多人最看重幸福和自由，“...value happiness and freedom most”是定语从句，先行词“many people”指人，从句的引导词应是who。故填(w)ho。 9．句意：有趣的是，大多数热衷“躺平”生活方式的年轻人指出，他们只接受将暂时躺平作为一种短暂的休息。根据“they only...a temporary (暂时的) lying down as a short rest”和首字母提示可知，他们只接受“暂时躺平”，而不是一直躺平。句子用一般现在时，主语是they，谓语动词用原形accept。故填(a)ccept。 10．句意：年轻人对未来既有雄心壮志，又感到困惑，但我们大多数人都拒绝浪费机会和挑战。根据“Young people have both ambition and confusion (困惑) about their future, but most of us have refused to waste chances and...”和首字母提示可知，but表示前后存在转折关系，此处指“年轻人对未来既有雄心壮志且感到困惑，但大部分人都不会浪费机会和挑战”，challenge“挑战”，结合chances，空处也应用复数形式。故填(c)hallenges。 Passage 3 (2025·江苏省扬州市树人学校·二模) 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Many things happened over the years, but I still remember a gift from my mother in my third grade. I had been p 1 to be the princess in the school play, and for weeks my mother had practised my lines so hard with me. But no matter how e 2 I acted at home, as soon as I stepped on stage, every word disappeared from my head. Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrator’s (旁白) part, and asked me to change r 3 . Her words were kindly expressed, but hurt me, e 4 when I saw my part go to another girl. I didn’t tell my mother what had happened. But she sensed my pain. Instead of s 5 we should practise my lines, she asked if I wanted to walk in the yard. It was spring and the rose vine (藤) was turning green. Under the huge trees, we could see yellow dandelions (蒲公英). “I’m going to dig all these weeds,” mother said, pulling one dandelion up by i 6 roots. “Then we’ll have only roses in this garden.” “But I like dandelions,” I disagreed, “all flowers are beautiful, even dandelions.” My mother looked at me seriously, “Yes, every flower gives pleasure in its own way. And that is t 7 of people too,” she added, “not everyone can be a princess, but there is no s 8 in that.” Moved by the fact that she had understood my pain, I started to cry as I told her what had happened. She listened and smiled comfortably. As years passed by, I realized that my m 9 gift was more than just a kindness for flowers. It was the a 10 to find beauty during hard times to deal with life’s disappointments, just like the modest dandelion. And though there are all the difficulties, I’ve learned to bloom in my own way. 【答案】 1．(p)icked 2．(e)asily 3．(r)oles 4．(e)specially 5．(s)uggesting/(s)aying 6．(i)ts 7．(t)rue 8．(s)hame 9．(m)other’s 10．(a)bility 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者三年级时失去学校戏剧中公主角色的痛苦经历，母亲通过谈论花的不同价值巧妙开导了作者，多年后作者意识到母亲这份礼物教会自己在困境中发现美、应对失望的能力。 1．句意：我被选中在学校的戏剧中扮演公主，几个星期以来，我母亲一直在努力地和我练习我的台词。根据首字母“p”以及“to be the princess in the school play”可知，是指作者被选为公主这个角色，pick“挑选”，此处应用过去分词形式与had been构成过去完成时的被动语态。故填(p)icked。 2．句意：但是，无论我在家里表演得多么轻松，一踏上舞台，每个字就从我的脑海里消失了。根据首字母“e”以及“as soon as I stepped on stage, every word disappeared from my head”可知，与在舞台上形成对比，说明在家表演是很轻松的，修饰动词“acted”，用副词easily“轻松地，容易地”。故填(e)asily。 3．句意：她解释说她写了一个旁白的角色，并让我更换角色。根据首字母“r”以及“my part go to another girl”可知，是指让作者更换角色，change roles“更换角色”，故填(r)oles。 4．句意：她的话表达得很亲切，但却伤害了我，尤其是当我看到我的角色给了另一个女孩。根据首字母“e”以及“but hurt me, ... when I saw my part go to another girl”可知，此处强调看到角色被替代时的痛苦，用副词“especially”表示“尤其”。故填(e)specially。 5．句意：她没有建议/说我们练习我的台词，而是问我是否想去院子里走走。根据首字母“s”以及“Instead of ... we should practise my lines”可知，母亲是没有建议/说作者练习，suggest“建议”，say“说”，介词of后接动名词形式。故填(s)uggesting/(s)aying。 6．句意：“我要把这些杂草都挖出来，”妈妈说着，把一株蒲公英连根拔起。根据首字母“i”以及“roots”可知，此处是指蒲公英的根，应用形容词性物主代词its“它的”。故填(i)ts。 7．句意：人也是如此。根据首字母“t”以及“every flower gives pleasure in its own way”可知，是指人和花是一样的，be true of“对……适用”，固定短语。故填(t)rue。 8．句意：不是每个人都能成为公主，但这没什么可耻的。根据首字母“s”以及“not everyone can be a princess”结合语境可知，这里呼应主题“无需羞耻”，用“no shame”表示。故填(s)hame。 9．句意：随着时间的推移，我意识到母亲的礼物不仅仅是对花的一种善意。根据首字母“m”以及前文内容可知，母亲开导作者，这对作者来说是一份礼物，用名词所有格“mother’s”。故填(m)other’s。 10．句意：就像谦虚的蒲公英一样，在艰难的时刻发现美丽，面对生活的失望。根据首字母“a”以及“to find beauty during hard times”可知，这是蒲公英的能力，ability“能力”，“the ability to do sth.”表示“做某事的能力”。故填(a)bility。 主题02 人与自我——学习策略 Passage 1 (2026·江苏南通市·模拟) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 How to become a successful learner? This is a question worth thinking about. Everyone has the a 1 to learn. Experts on the science of learning will tell you that anyone can become a successful learner. H 2 , many students fail to realize this, and they often have some t 3 learning. Luckily, there are some useful ways to help you become successful learners. First, a growth mindset (思维模式) is the key. This means, in part, believing in yourself. It also means setting goals, taking a 4 , and meeting challenges. Those with this mindset see failures as chances to improve, not shame. They r 5 confident and positive whenever they meet challenges, and this spirit helps them keep moving forward. Second, practice and guidance matter a lot in study. The more we practise, the better we learn, e 6 when we try new and difficult things. It’s wise to turn to a teacher or a coach for help, as they can offer valuable a 7 and useful tips to help us reach a higher standard. In addition, learning with excellent partners is a c 8 but effective way. We can easily see such teamwork in our daily life, learning from each other, pushing each other to do better, and growing together. In the 21st c 9 , we also have plenty of online resources. So, we need to find useful materials for our goals, instead of just d 10 on textbooks or focusing only on printed books. In short, right attitudes, proper ways and continuous efforts will lead us to success. 【答案】 1．ability/bility 2．However/owever 3．trouble/rouble 4．action/ction 5．remain/emain 6．especially/specially 7．advice/dvice 8．common/ommon 9．century/entury 10．depending/epending 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何成为成功的学习者，包括拥有成长型思维模式、进行练习和寻求指导以及与优秀伙伴一起学习等方法。 【详解】 1．句意：每个人都有学习的能力。根据“Everyone has the... to learn”，结合首字母“a”，这里表达每个人都有学习的“能力”，ability是名词，意为“能力”，have the ability to do sth.意为“有能力做某事”，所以填ability。 2．句意：然而，许多学生没有意识到这一点，他们在学习上常常遇到一些困难。前一句说专家表明任何人都能成为成功的学习者，后一句说很多学生没有意识到这一点，前后是转折关系，且空后有逗号，结合首字母“H”，However意为“然而”，符合语境，所以填However。 3．句意：然而，许多学生没有意识到这一点，他们在学习上常常遇到一些困难。根据“many students fail to realize this”可知很多学生没有意识到自己能成为成功学习者，所以他们在学习上会有一些“麻烦”，have trouble (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”，结合首字母“t”，所以填trouble。 4．句意：它还意味着设定目标、采取行动并迎接挑战。根据setting goals和meeting challenges，可知这里说的是成长型思维还意味着采取“行动”，take action意为“采取行动”，结合首字母“a”，所以填action。 5．句意：每当遇到挑战时，他们保持自信和积极，这种精神帮助他们不断前进。根据“confident and positive”，结合首字母“r”，这里表达他们无论何时遇到挑战都“保持”自信和积极，remain是动词，意为“保持”，句子描述的是一般情况，用一般现在时，主语是They，所以填remain。 6．句意：我们练习得越多，就学得越好，尤其是当我们尝试新的和困难的事情时。前一句说我们练习得越多，学得就越好，后面提到“when we try new and difficult things”，这是更强调的情况，结合首字母“e”，especially意为“尤其，特别”，符合语境，所以填especially。 7．句意：向老师或教练寻求帮助是明智的，因为他们可以提供有价值的建议和有用的技巧，帮助我们达到更高的标准。根据“turn to a teacher or a coach for help”，可知他们能提供有价值的“建议”，advice是不可数名词，意为“建议”，结合首字母“a”，所以填advice。 8．句意：此外，与优秀的伙伴一起学习是一种常见但有效的方法。根据“but effective”可知，前后形成转折关系，后面说有效，前面应是常见的。结合首字母“c”，common是形容词，意为“常见的”，符合语境。 9．句意：在21世纪，我们也有大量的在线资源。in the 21st century意为“在21世纪”，所以填century。 10．句意：所以，我们需要为自己的目标找到有用的材料，而不是仅仅依赖教科书或只专注于印刷书籍。depend on意为“依靠，依赖”。instead of后面接动词的-ing形式，所以填depending。 Passage 2 (2025·江苏省南京市鼓楼区·二模) 请根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—10的相应位置上。 古代渠语 Classical Chinese is a written form of the Chinese language used in ancient China, mainly based on the language from before the Qin period.Before 1918, all articles were w 1 in Classical Chinese. Today, we generally call it “wenyanwen”. Classical Chinese is now an important c 2 for every middle school student. Learning it helps us understand h 3 ancient Chinese spoke and thought. I would like to recommend a book for students who are deeply i 4 in Classical Chinese. Ancient Chinese is a famous series with 4 books and 14 units. Each unit has three parts: anthology (选集), common words, and archaic Chinese (古汉语). Anthology p 5 many famous articles from The Analects, Stratagems of the Warring States, Zuo Tradition and The Works of Mencius. These works have made great contributions to Chinese literary history. After reading the anthology, you will learn how to tell the d 6 between ancient and modern words. For example, in spoken language, we say “你吃饭了吗?”, b 7 in Classical Chinese, it becomes “饭否?”, Archaic Chinese tells the background of the anthology, helping you better understand the stories. These parts are c 8 connected. If you only read the anthology, you will only understand what the teacher e 9 . If you only study common words but don’t read the anthology, you will only get some knowledge about words. Without learning archaic Chinese, you cannot truly master classical Chinese as a w 10 . So, you must study all three parts together. If you enjoy Classical Chinese, we hope this book will help deepen your interest in Classical Chinese, history, and literature. 【答案】 1．(w)ritten 2．(c)ourse 3．(h)ow 4．(i)nterested 5．(p)icks 6．(d)ifference/(d)ifferences 7．(b)ut 8．(c)losely 9．(e)xplains 10．(w)hole 【导语】 本文介绍了文言文的历史、作为中学生重要课程的意义，推荐了《古代汉语》系列书籍，阐述其选集、常用词和古汉语三部分内容及紧密联系，强调需综合学习以掌握文言文。 1．句意：1918年以前，所有文章都是用文言文书写的。根据“all articles were...in Classical Chinese”及首字母提示可知，此处表示“书写”，文章是“被书写”，用被动语态，be动词后接过去分词。“write”的过去分词为“written”，符合语境。故填(w)ritten。 2．句意：文言文现在是每个中学生的一门重要课程。根据“an important...for every middle school student”及首字母提示可知，此处指“课程”，“course”表示“课程”，符合语境。故填(c)ourse。 3．句意：学习它有助于我们理解古代中国人如何说话和思考。根据“understand...ancient Chinese spoke and thought”及首字母提示可知，此处表示“如何”，用“how”引导宾语从句，符合语境。故填(h)ow。 4．句意：我想给对文言文深感兴趣的学生推荐一本书。根据“are deeply...in Classical Chinese”及首字母提示可知，此处为固定搭配“be interested in”，表示“对……感兴趣”，符合语境。故填(i)nterested。 5．句意：选集选取了《论语》《战国策》《左传》和《孟子》中的许多著名文章。根据“Anthology...many famous articles from...”及首字母提示可知，此处表示“挑选，选取”，主语“Anthology”为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式“picks”，符合语境。故填(p)icks。 6．句意：读完选集后，你将学会如何区分古今词汇。根据“tell the...between ancient and modern words”及首字母提示可知，此处为固定搭配“tell the difference(s) between...”，表示“区分……之间的差异”，“difference”可用单数或复数形式，符合语境。故填(d)ifference(s)。 7．句意：例如，在口语中，我们说“你吃饭了吗？”，但在文言文中，它变成“饭否？”。根据前后句语义对比可知，此处表示转折关系，用“but”连接，符合语境。故填(b)ut。 8．句意：这些部分紧密相连。根据“These parts are...connected”及首字母提示可知，此处表示“紧密地”，用副词“closely”修饰动词“connected”，符合语境。故填(c)losely。 9．句意：如果你只阅读选集，你将只理解老师所讲解的内容。根据“what the teacher...”及首字母提示可知，此处表示“讲解，解释”，主语“the teacher”为第三人称单数，谓语动词用“explains”，符合语境。故填(e)xplains。 10．句意：如果不学习古汉语，你就无法真正整体掌握文言文。根据“as a...”及首字母提示可知，此处为固定搭配“as a whole”，表示“作为一个整体，整体上”，符合语境。故填(w)hole。 Passage 3 (2024·江苏省南通市启东市·二模) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 There are often many problems when I go a 1 and stay there alone. Recently I am in a foreign country, the Czech Republic (捷克共和国), whose official language is not English. So the first big problem is language. Many Czech people can’t speak English. So I have to learn Czech. It’s very challenging because there are many rules for grammar. At the b 2 , I didn’t know them at all. But little by little, I remembered the rules and learned how to speak Czech. I think you need to like a language first, and then you can make p 3 quickly if you study hard. If you live with a host family like me, there may be a 4 problem. You might argue with them, or you might not u 5 their rules at home. For example, my host family didn’t think it good for me to get up late on weekends. So I tried to get up as e 6 as possible. The best way to get along with the host family is to talk with them more. You can tell them what h 7 to you at school every day. Also, if you offer to help them with some h 8 like cleaning or cooking, they will be very happy. The last problem is making friends. At school, I was often ignored (忽略) w 9 many of my classmates got together and chatted with each other. Sometimes, I felt really l 10 . But I tried to talk to everyone I met and went out with them on weekends. Now, I have many good friends. 【答案】 1．(a)broad 2．(b)eginning 3．(p)rogress 4．(a)nother 5．(u)nderstand 6．(e)arly 7．(h)appens/(h)appened 8．(h)ousework 9．(w)hen 10．(l)onely 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者一个人在国外生活所面临的三个问题。一是语言问题、二是与寄宿家庭的家人会有争论，最后一个是交朋友问题。 1．句意：当我一个人出国留在那里时，经常会遇到很多问题。根据“Recently I am in a foreign country”及首字母可知，此处指“出国”，go abroad“出国”符合句意，故填(a)broad。 2．句意：一开始，我根本不认识它们。根据“At the”及“But little by little”可知，此处指“一开始”，at the beginning“一开始”符合句意。故填(b)eginning。 3．句意：我认为你需要先喜欢一门语言，然后如果你努力学习，你才能快速进步。根据“make”及首字母可知，此处考查make progress“取得进步”。故填(p)rogress。 4．句意：如果你和像我这样的寄宿家庭住在一起，可能会有另一个问题。根据“There are often many problems”及“So the first big problem is language.”可知，此处指“另一个问题”，another“另一个”符合句意。故填(a)nother。 5．句意：你可能会和他们争吵，或者你可能不了解他们在家里的规则。根据“You might argue with them, or you might not u... their rules at home.”可知，此处指“不理解他们的规则”，understand“理解”符合句意。故填(u)nderstand。 6．句意：所以我尽量早起。根据上文“For example, my host family didn’t think it good for me to get up late on weekends. ”可知，此处指“早起”，early“早地”符合句意；此处修饰动词“get”填副词，as...as possible“尽可能……”中间填副词原级。故填(e)arly。 7．句意：你可以告诉他们你每天在学校发生的事情。根据“what h... to you at school every day”可知，此处指每天学校发生的事，happen“发生”符合句意；此处为一般现在时/一般过去时，故填(h)appens/(h)appened。 8．句意：此外，如果你主动提出帮助他们做一些家务，比如打扫卫生或做饭，他们会很高兴的。根据“like cleaning or cooking”可知，此处指“家务活”，housework“家务”符合句意。故填(h)ousework。 9．句意：在学校里，当我的许多同学聚在一起聊天时，我经常被忽略。根据“At school, I was often ignored (忽略) w... many of my classmates got together and chatted with each other.”可知，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，when“当……的时候”符合句意。故填(w)hen。 10．句意：有时，我感到非常孤独。根据上文“I was often ignored”可知，经常被忽略会感到孤独，lonely“孤独的”符合句意。故填(l)onely。 主题03 人与自我——个人经历 Passage 1 (2026·山东东营市垦利区·模拟) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示填空，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 For a long time, I was sure Dad didn’t love me. Mum always wore a warm smile, b 1 Dad always seemed serious. He was busy with his work every day. When at home, he just read newspapers, s 2 talking to me. Lots of unhappy memories about Dad stayed in my mind. There was one thing I remembered very clearly. It was my first school science show, I was so e 3 to join! I spent several weeks making a model ship. The night before the show, when I was adding the last details (细节), one part of the ship broke by accident. I ran to Dad with tears in my eyes. “Dad, please help me! F 4 it, please!” I cried. He just took a look and said, “You should be more careful. Make it yourself.” Then he went back to his newspaper. After being refused, I couldn’t express how helpless I felt inside. I thought he didn’t care about my feelings at all. I had to spend the whole night fixing the model a 5 . The next day at the show, my model wasn’t perfect and I didn’t win a prize. For years, I was angry with Dad. Even when I grew up, I still clearly r 6 that heartbroken moment. I didn’t understand Dad until a s 7 experience happened to my son. Several years ago, while my son was making a model plane, he broke one of the wings. And I decided to fix it for h 8 . Suddenly, Dad’s words came into my mind: “Fix it yourself.” At that moment, I started to understand. Dad just wanted me to develop some basic skills which would be useful in the future. I gave the model plane back to my son and smiled, “Have a t 9 ! You can fix it by yourself.” Dad didn’t say nice words to me, but he had his own way to teach me a lesson—I should depend on m 10 . It was one of the most important qualities that made me a better person. 【答案】 1．but/ut 2．seldom/eldom 3．excited/xcited 4．Fix/ix 5．alone/lone 6．remembered/emembered 7．similar/imilar 8．him/im 9．try/ry 10．myself/yself 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者小时候因父亲拒绝帮忙修理模型船而误解父亲，直到自己的儿子遇到类似问题时，才终于明白父亲是在用独特的方式告诉作者要学会独立的故事。 【详解】 1．句意：妈妈总是面带温暖的笑容，但爸爸却总是显得很严肃。前文“Mum always wore a warm smile”说妈妈总是面带温暖的笑容，后文“Dad always seemed serious”说爸爸总是很严肃，前后为转折关系，首字母b对应but。 2．句意：在家时，他也只是看报纸，很少和我说话。前文“When at home, he just read newspapers”说爸爸在家只看报纸，后文说和我说话，结合语境，此处应表示“很少”和我说话，首字母s对应seldom。 3．句意：这是我第一次参加学校的科学展览，我非常兴奋能参加！前文说“It was my first school science show”这是我第一次参加学校的科学展，后文“I spent several weeks making a model ship.”说我花了好几周做模型船，说明我对此非常兴奋，“be excited to do sth.”表示“做某事很兴奋”，结合首字母e和语境，故填excited。 4．句意：“爸爸，帮帮我！求你修好它！” 我哭喊道。前文说模型船的部件坏了，我哭着找爸爸帮忙，结合后文爸爸说的“Make it yourself”，此处应是请求爸爸“修好”它，根据首字母F提示和首字母大写，故填Fix。 5．句意：我不得不花一整晚独自修理模型。前文“Make it yourself.”说爸爸让自己去做，拒绝了我的请求，我感到无助，所以只能“独自”修理模型，结合首字母a，故填alone。 6．句意：即使长大后，我仍然清晰地记得那个心碎的时刻。前文“For years, I was angry with Dad.”说多年来我一直生爸爸的气，后文说那个心碎的时刻，结合语境，此处表示“仍然清晰地记得”，全文为过去时态，结合首字母r，故填remembered。 7．句意：直到我儿子身上发生了一件类似的经历，我才理解了爸爸。后文“Several years ago, while my son was making a model plane, he broke one of the wings.”说我儿子制作模型飞机时弄坏了机翼，和我小时候的经历很像，首字母s对应similar。 8．句意：我本想帮他修好。前文说儿子弄坏了机翼，我本想帮“他”修好，介词for后用宾格，结合首字母h，故填him。 9．句意：我把飞机模型还给我的儿子笑着说：“试一试！你可以自己修好它。”前文说我让儿子自己修，结合固定搭配“have a try”表示“试一试”，首字母t对应try。 10．句意：爸爸没有对我说过好听的话，但他用自己的方式给了我一个教训——我应该依靠自己。前文“he had his own way to teach me a lesson”说爸爸教会了我一个教训，结合语境，此处表示“我应该依靠自己”，首字母m对应myself。 Passage 2 (2025·江苏省南京市玄武区·二模) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 A year and a half ago, I weighed 100 kilograms. My weight had a huge influence on my health. But I found it d 1 to stick to healthy-eating plans and I couldn’t understand why I stopped my weight loss plan halfway. One day, I had what I can only d 2 as a light-bulb moment (灵光一现), and realized I’d never found out why I k 3 going off the track (偏离轨道), why I ate a biscuit even though I wanted to lose weight. I needed to understand what was going on in my head before I started w 4 about what I was eating or not eating. I started working to help me better understand what motivates (激励) me. I became a 5 of every time I ate something I shouldn’t, and what made it happen, and also being mindful on days when I was being healthy, asking m 6 , “What’s happened today to help me feel like I’m strong and in control?” I realized I’m motivated by p 7 , so I decided to post my progress on social media so I could get encouragement from friends and family. I’ve completely changed my mindset and have lost 20 kilograms. I’m planning to l 8 10 more kilograms and, for the first time, I believe I’m going to get there. In the past, when I started diets and was asked w 9 weight I want to be, it felt like I picked a number that had nothing to do with what I thought I could do. Now I feel anything is possible. I’ve used my e 10 to help others, supporting them to change their mindsets, as well as their diets. And this can also be applied to our careers. 【答案】 1．(d)ifficult 2．(d)escribe 3．(k)ept 4．(w)orrying 5．(a)ware 6．(m)yself 7．(p)raise 8．(l)ose 9．(w)hat 10．(e)xperience 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者通过自我反思和借助社交媒体的鼓励，成功改变心态并减掉20公斤的故事，同时她还用自己的经验去帮助他人改变心态和饮食习惯。 1．句意：但我发现坚持健康饮食计划很困难，我不明白为什么我中途停止了我的减肥计划。根据“I couldn’t understand why I stopped my weight loss plan halfway.”可知作者会半路停止减肥计划，所以坚持健康的饮食计划很难，difficult“困难的”。故填(d)ifficult。 2．句意：有一天，我经历了一个灵光一现的时刻，意识到我从未找出为什么我会不断偏离轨道，为什么我即使想减肥还是会吃饼干。根据“as a light-bulb moment”可知把这一刻描述成灵光一现，describe“描述”，情态动词后加动词原形。故填(d)escribe。 3．句意：有一天，我经历了一个灵光一现的时刻，意识到我从未找出为什么我会不断偏离轨道，为什么我即使想减肥还是会吃饼干。根据“going off the track”可知是不断偏离轨道，keep doing sth.“不断做某事”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(k)ept。 4．句意：在我开始担心自己吃或不吃什么之前，我需要了解我的内心。根据“about what I was eating or not eating.”可知是担心吃什么或不吃什么，worry about“担心”，start doing sth.“开始做某事”。故填(w)orrying。 5．句意：我开始意识到每次我吃了我不应该吃的东西，是什么导致了这种情况的发生，同时在健康饮食的日子里，我也很留心，问自己：“今天发生了什么让我觉得自己强大且有控制力？”根据“of every time I ate something I shouldn’t”可知是开始意识到是什么导致自己吃不应该吃的东西，aware of“意识到”。故填(a)ware。 6．句意：我开始意识到每次我吃了我不应该吃的东西，是什么导致了这种情况的发生，同时在健康饮食的日子里，我也很留心，问自己：“今天发生了什么让我觉得自己强大且有控制力？”根据“when I was being healthy, asking”可知此处指问“我自己”，用反身代词myself“我自己”。故填(m)yself。 7．句意：我意识到我是被表扬激励的，所以我决定在社交媒体上发布我的进展，这样我可以从朋友和家人那里得到鼓励。根据“I could get encouragement from friends and family.”可知作者是被表扬激励的，praise“表扬”，不可数名词。故填(p)raise。 8．句意：我计划再减掉10公斤，这是第一次，我相信我能做到。根据“10 more kilograms”可知是计划再减掉10公斤，lose“失去”，plan to do sth.“计划做某事”。故填(l)ose。 9．句意：过去，当我开始节食并被问到我想达到什么体重时，感觉像是我选了一个与我认为自己能做到的毫无关系的数字。根据“weight I want to be”可知是达到什么体重，what“什么”。故填(w)hat。 10．句意：我用自己的经历去帮助别人，支持他们改变心态以及饮食习惯。根据“to help others”可知是用自己的经历帮助别人，experience“经历”。故填(e)xperience。 Passage 3 (2025·江苏省扬州市江都区·适考) 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） I have always loved sports. As a child, I loved playing outside with my friends and trying new things. I remember trying out for the soccer team in elementary school and feeling so proud w 1 I made it. Sports have always been a huge part of my life. I love the feeling of competition and working hard to achieve s 2 . When I am playing or w 3 a sport, I feel like anything is possible. Winning does give me satisfaction, a sense of p 4 that my hard work has paid off. Even watching my team win feels good. Following a player, team or game allows us to e 5 ups and downs, just like in real life. In the game of life, it’s not always about winning. What t 6 matters are the friends we make along the way. Sports have the ability to bring people together and create lifelong relationships. I have met some of my best friends through playing sports. These shared moments in paying sports become s 7 that we tell with laughter years later. “Remember the time we lost to that team, but our coach made us run laps instead of letting us go home?” Those stories aren’t just about victories, they’re about the j 8 you took together. Whether we win or lose, the support from our teammates and competitors make the journey worthwhile. Sports teach i 9 lessons about hard work, and personal growth and development-character building. They also teach us h 10 to deal with both victories and defeats (失败) beautifully. Sometimes, one learns more from defeat than from victory. These lessons that we can apply to our lives. 【答案】 1．(w)hen 2．(s)omething 3．(w)atching 4．(p)ride 5．(e)xperience 6．(t)ruly 7．(s)tories 8．(j)ourney 9．(i)mportant/(i)nvaluable 10．(h)ow 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者热爱运动，以及运动在其生活中扮演的重要角色，包括带来竞争感、成就感，促进人际交往，还能传授关于努力、成长等方面的经验教训。 1．句意：我记得在小学时参加足球队选拔，当我入选时感到非常自豪。根据“I remember trying...I made it.”及首字母提示可知，空处需填引导时间状语从句的连词，when表示“当……的时候”。故填(w)hen。 2．句意：我喜欢竞争以及努力去实现某事的感觉。根据“I love the feeling...to achieve...”及首字母提示可知，空处需填表示“某事”的不定代词，即something。故填(s)omething。 3．句意：当我在进行或观看一项运动时，我觉得一切皆有可能。根据“When I am playing...is possible.”及首字母提示可知，空处与 playing并列，应是填表示“观看”的动词-ing 形式，即watching。故填(w)atching。 4．句意：获胜确实给我满足感，一种我的努力得到回报的自豪感。根据“Winning does give...has paid off.”及首字母提示可知，空处需填表示“自豪”的名词pride。故填(p)ride。 5．句意：关注一名运动员、一支队伍或一场比赛能让我们体验起起落落，就像在现实生活中一样。根据“Following a player...like in real life.”及首字母提示可知，空处需填experience表示“体验”，空前有to，用动词原形。故填(e)xperience。 6．句意：真正重要的是我们在这个过程中交到的朋友。根据“What...matters are...along the way.”及首字母提示可知，空处需填修饰动词matters的副词truly，表示“真正地”。故填(t)ruly。 7．句意：这些在体育运动中共享的时刻成了日后我们笑着讲述的故事。根据“These shared moments...laughter years later.”及首字母提示可知，空处需填表示“故事”的名词story，因故事不只一个，应用复数形式stories。故填(s)tories。 8．句意：那些故事不只是关于胜利，它们是关于你们一起走过的旅程。根据“Those stories aren’t... you took together.”及首字母提示可知，空处需填表示“旅程”的名词journey。故填(j)ourney。 9．句意：运动教会我们关于努力、个人成长和发展 —— 品格塑造的重要/宝贵课程 。根据“Sports teach...development-character building.”及首字母提示可知，空处需填important表示“重要的”，或填invaluable表示“宝贵的”。故填(i)mportant/(i)nvaluable。 10．句意：它们还教会我们如何优雅地应对胜利和失败 。根据“They also teach....beautifully.”及首字母提示可知，空处需填表示“如何”的疑问词how。故填(h)ow。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $