期末复习之阅读理解20篇（期末热点话题）（江苏专用）-2025-2026学年高二英语译林版选择性必修第四册

**基本信息** 聚焦期末热点话题，按应用文、记叙文、说明文、议论文四大体裁分类，各5篇专项训练，系统覆盖高中英语阅读理解核心考查维度。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |应用文|5篇（产品说明/活动通知等）|侧重信息定位与细节理解，含表格数据解读|以实用场景为载体，训练快速抓取关键信息能力，对应语言能力中信息筛选素养| |记叙文|5篇（人物故事/生活经历）|关注情节发展与情感主旨，含词义推测题|通过叙事线索分析人物情感与主题，提升思维品质中的分析推断能力| |说明文|5篇（科技/环保/健康等）|考查说明对象与说明方法，含推理判断题|围绕客观事物特征展开，培养逻辑思维与信息整合能力，体现文化意识中的科学认知| |议论文|5篇（社会现象/技术争议等）|强调论点论据与论证结构，含观点态度题|通过辩证分析培养批判性思维，对应学习能力中的问题解决素养|

期末复习之阅读理解20篇 （期末热点话题） 内容导航 内容速递 本资料共20篇专项训练：主要分为以下四种题型 1. 应用文 2. 记叙文 3. 说明文 4. 议论文 每个话题对应5篇专项练习 应用文 Passage 1 VitaCare Gummies Product Information Sheet Boost your daily wellness with VitaCare gummies (软糖). Made with essential vitamins (维生素) and minerals, these tasty gummies help fill nutritional gaps in your diet, supporting your immune (免疫的) system and overall energy levels. Enjoy the natural orange flavor as part of a balanced lifestyle. Active Components Key Benefits (Per 2 Gummies Serving) Component Amount Daily Value* Key Function Vitamin C 90 mg 100% Supports immune defense and protects cells. Vitamin D3 20mcg (800 IU) 100% Supports bone health. Zinc 5mg 45% Contributes to normal immune function Elderberry Extract 50mg + A traditional herb * Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000-calorie diet.        + Daily Value not established. Directions for Use: Adults and children (12 years and above): Take 2 gummies daily. Chew thoroughly. Best taken with a meal. Do not take more than the recommended daily intake.Storage: Keep the bottle tightly closed in a cool, dry place. Avoid direct sunlight. Warning: Keep out of reach of children. This product is not intended for children under 12. Consult your doctor before use if you are pregnant, nursing, taking other medications, or have a known medical condition. Note: These gummies add essential nutrients to your daily routine and should not replace a varied diet and healthy lifestyle. Net Contents: 60 gummies. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to identify, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. 1．What are VitaCare gummies intended to do? A．Replace daily meals for weight loss. B．Relieve flu symptoms. C．Add specific nutrients to the diet. D．Contribute to youthful skin. 2．Which component provides 100% of the Daily Value for cell protection? A．Vitamin C． B．Zinc. C．Elderberry Extract. D．Vitamin D3. 3．How long will one bottle last if taken as directed? A．15 days. B．30 days. C．60 days. D．90 days. Passage 2 Global Youth Climate Action Summit 2026 The Global Youth Climate Action Summit brings together young leaders from over 100 countries to share innovative solutions to climate change. This year’s summit will be held from July 15-18 at the International Convention Center in Geneva, Switzerland. Registration Details ∙ Early bird registration: $150 (closes May 31) ∙ Regular registration: $200 (June 1-July 1) ∙ Late registration: $250 (July 2-10) ∙ Note: Registration includes access to all sessions, materials, and daily meals. Accommodation is not included. Workshop Title Date Time Capacity Target Audience Renewable Energy for Beginners 15-Jul 9:00-11:00 AM 50 All participants Climate Policy Advocacy 16-Jul 2:00-4:00 PM 30 Students aged 16+ Sustainable Fashion Design 17-Jul 10:00 AM-12:00 PM 25 Art and design students Urban Gardening Techniques 18-Jul 1:00-3:00 PM 40 All participants Featured Workshops Important Dates ∙ Abstract submission deadline: June 15 ∙ Notification of acceptance: June 25 ∙ Final program release: July 1 ∙ For more information, visit our website: www.gycas2026.org 1．How much will a participant pay if they register on June 5? A．$150 B．$200 C．$250 D．$300 2．Which workshop is specifically for art and design students? A．Renewable Energy for Beginners B．Climate Policy Advocacy C．Sustainable Fashion Design D．Urban Gardening Techniques 3．When will participants know if their abstracts have been accepted? A．May 31 B．June 15 C．June 25 D．July 1 Passage 3 Nashville Sail Camp Nashville Sail Camp is a learn-to-sail camp for all levels of sailors. Along with sailing, campers will learn valuable problem-solving and creative thinking techniques. They spend their days on shore and on the water, and will come home with plenty of hands-on sailing experience. Place Weeklong Day Camp at Hamilton Creek Marina on Percy Priest Lake Time 9:00 am-4:00 pm, Monday-Friday Ages 7-17 Price *$485 / week *An extra $65 / week (Weekly Extended Care: drop-off as early as 7:45 am and pick-up as late as 5:15 pm for car rider campers) All groups are coached by US Sailing qualified instructors and helped by camp counselors (顾问) and junior counselors. Each day includes lessons appropriate for each learning level. Opti 1: Our youngest and smallest campers will take the helm (舵柄) for the first time, learning the basics of sailing in pairs on board their boats. Opti 2: Beginners aged 9 and up as well as Opti 1 graduates will increase their skill level at the helm of an Opti sailboat. Campers are encouraged to learn single-handed sailing after mastering sailing in pairs. Sunfish: Sailors aged 11 and up will explore the waters on a leisure sunfish boat, one of the world’s most popular day sailing boats. Starting off in pairs to increase confidence and get practice with a friend on board, campers are encouraged to try single-handing the boat by the end of the week. Sunfish campers spend most of their time on the water throughout the week. What to bring every day •CGA Class III Life Jacket •Packed lunch and water bottle •Athletic swimwear, hat and closed-toe water shoes •SPF 30 sunscreen Tips •Campers must be comfortable in boats and have strong swimming skills. •All campers are required to wear life jackets in and around the boats and water. Contact us •Tel: 833-244-3288 •Email: info@leadershipacademyllc.com 1．How much should a camper pay if he wants to be picked up at 5:15 pm? A．65 dollars. B．485 dollars. C．550 dollars. D．600 dollars. 2．What are Sunfish campers encouraged to do at the end of their camp? A．Sail by themselves. B．Master sailing in groups. C．Explore the waters in pairs. D．Make friends with other campers. 3．What is a must for campers? A．Having some knowledge about lifesaving. B．Learning about sailing beforehand. C．Bringing a spare pair of shoes. D．Wearing a certain life jacket. Passage 4 What is New York Carnival? The New York Carnival, also known as the West Indian Day Parade, is a yearly celebration of Caribbean culture in Brooklyn, New York City. It takes place on Labor Day and draws over a million spectators and participants, making it one of the largest parades in the United States. The carnival serves as a unifying force, bringing together people from diverse backgrounds to celebrate the shared values of freedom, unity, and cultural expression. What to Expect at New York Carnival? At New York Carnival you can expect a lively atmosphere filled with colorful costumes, vibrant music, and energetic dance performances. Attendees can enjoy traditional Caribbean food from numerous vendors and participate in cultural festivities. Some highlights of the New York Carnival include: The Parade (Labor Day Parade) The centerpiece of the carnival is the vibrant parade along Eastern Parkway in Brooklyn. Participants can enjoy colorful costumes, steel drum music, live performances, and an energetic celebration of Caribbean culture. J’ouvert This early-morning street celebration (starting before dawn) is rooted in Caribbean traditions. Participants cover themselves in paint, powder, or mud and dance to steel drum and soca music, marking the unofficial start of the carnival. Live Performances and Concerts Throughout the carnival weekend, there are multiple stages and venues hosting live performances by Caribbean pop artists. These concerts often feature prominent international stars from the Caribbean music scene. How to Get to New York for Carnival? LaGuardia Airport (LGA) — about 30 minutes from Manhattan. Flights from Chicago, Atlanta, Miami, Boston, and Toronto. Intercity trains — from Boston, Philadelphia, Washington D．C．, and Montreal. Long-distance buses — from Boston, Philadelphia, Washington D．C．, and Baltimore. Where Should You Stay During New York Carnival? A convenient area to base yourself is Brooklyn, so you’re close to the action. Staying in Manhattan (Midtown, Times Square, etc.) is also great if you prefer city views and nightlife, but account for extra commute time. 1．What is the main purpose of the New York Carnival? A．To show the largest parade in the United States. B．To unite diverse people through common values. C．To sell traditional Caribbean food and costumes. D．To attract large numbers of tourists to Brooklyn. 2．What can you experience at New York Carnival? A．Wearing colorful costumes as a visitor. B．Tasting free traditional Caribbean food. C．Enjoying steel drum music at the Parade. D．Attending live concerts of classical music. 3．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．You can take a train from Baltimore to New York. B．LaGuardia Airport is one hour away from Manhattan. C．Boston is connected to New York by both train and bus. D．Staying in Manhattan saves you travel time to the parade. Passage 5 Community Garden Plot Rental Program The Fairfax County Park Authority runs a Community Garden Plot Rental Program, whose goal is to give local residents the chance to grow flowers and vegetables in the park. Our registration list follows the principle of “next plot, next person”, which ensures a healthy diversity of backgrounds and a fair distribution of plots. The gardeners show the full diversity of the county, including people from all economic and social groups. The park authority rents over 700 garden plots in ten county parks to local residents every year. For most parks, gardeners who follow the rules can renew their rentals for the next year. But Hogge Park is different: it only offers one-year rentals that cannot be renewed. When a rental period ends, gardeners can sign up again, but they will be put at the end of the waiting list. Garden Plot Details: Large plots are about 20 feet by 30 feet. Renters need to provide and take care of fences, gates and locks. The park authority provides and maintains fences and raised beds. Plots are open during daylight hours, 365 days a year, unless the park is closed for some reason. Comparison of Large and Small Rental Plots Feature Large Plot Model (~600 sq. ft) Small Plot Model (~60 sq. ft) Rental terms Renewable annually. Non-renewable single season (February ~ November). Priority given to the gardeners who live closest to the plot they apply for. Tools Supplied to each gardener for personal use. Community shed and tools available. Fees $ 150 per year. $ 140 at Eakin Park. $ 85 per year. Accessibility Wheelchair access at Laurel Hill only. All plots accessible by wheelchair. Note: All gardeners must remove garden waste from the site. 1．Why is the “next plot, next person” policy carried out? A．To attract more new participants. B．To share garden plots fairly. C．To make the program better known. D．To increase gardening productivity. 2．What is special about Hogge Park? A．It provides non-renewable rentals. B．It doesn’t allow repeated registration. C．It provides plots of different sizes. D．It favors gardeners living nearby. 3．What is an advantage of small plots? A．They can be used 24 hours a day. B．They are easier for the disabled to use. C．They have longer rental periods. D．They offer personal tools to gardeners. 记叙文 Passage 1 In my family, Saturday mornings were for dim sum (点心). Weekends started with shrimp dumplings, beef tripe, and rice noodle rolls, all washed down with Pu’er tea. “If you want to eat it, you have to read it,” my mom would say, handing me the order sheet. Struggling with unfamiliar characters, I tried to match dish names with images in my mind. “You need to keep up your language,” she’d add. “Dim sum is about connecting with family.” For us, yum cha happened at local cha lou — those loud, colorful tea houses and Chinese restaurants. At the cha lou, my usually timid mother came alive and was popular among the staff, chatting and joking with them. Dim sum was her connection to home. Naturally, it was over dim sum one Saturday that my parents told me they were leaving Canada for Hong Kong to be with my aging grandparents. I was in college and visiting home. I stuffed an egg custard bun into my mouth, and said in a low voice that they should do what they wanted. My mom placed the last shrimp dumpling in my bowl. “Eat up,” she said, “you might not get dim sum for a while.” In the years that followed, I often visited an ethnic grocery store near college to buy dim sum. I’d take home cha siu baos, barbecued pork buns, and eat them alone, defying dim sum’s shared spirit. I’d send photos to my mom, who’d reply with pictures of her own, always better-looking dim sum. Exchanging these photos became our way of sharing lives. Despite our differences, dim sum remained our simple connection. We struggle, still. Just as I struggle with the characters of the dim sum menu, my experiences are often lost in translation with my parents. There may never be the right words, but there is always the right food. Whenever we visit each other, we have dim sum, piling each other’s plates as if to say, “I’m sorry,” “I missed you,” and “I love you.” In Chinese, dim sum means “touch the heart”. And for me, it always does. 1．Why did the author’s mother ask her to read the dim sum menu? A．To impress the staff. B．To practice Chinese. C．To choose dishes faster. D．To test her language skills. 2．How did the author react to her parents’ decision to leave Canada? A．She expressed her worry. B．She stopped eating anything. C．She accepted with a heavy heart. D．She begged them not to leave. 3．What does the underlined word “defying” in paragraph 7 mean? A．Breaking. B．Respecting. C．Celebrating. D．Remembering. 4．What does dim sum symbolize for the author? A．A generational conflict. B．A personal challenge. C．A childhood memory. D．A family connection. Passage 2 From their doorstep in Altadena, California, Colleen and Jason Warnesky watched in 2009 as the Station Fire swept through the Angeles National Forest, flames bright against the distant mountains. Eleven years later, standing on the same spot, they witnessed the Bobcat Fire, one of the largest wildfires in Los Angeles County’s history. Both times, their home survived. So when the Eaton Fire broke out just three miles away in January 2025, the couple felt certain their house would be safe once again. “We couldn’t imagine how the fire would even reach us,” Colleen recalled. But this time, their luck ran out. Their 1,400-square-foot home was burned to the ground. There they were, pacing around the fenced empty lot where their home once stood, waiting for building permits to finally start reconstruction. After getting tired of the seemingly endless waiting, the Warneskys made a key decision: they would rebuild not with traditional materials, but with innovative prefabricated housing (预制装配式房屋). They have joined a growing number of local families choosing this type of home through a program developed by city-LAB at UCLA．The program offers fire-resistant prefab designs tailored for wildfire-prone areas, and guides homeowners through financing and practical rebuilding solutions. For the Warneskys, safety comes first. Their planned new home, built with glass, steel and concrete, is specially designed for regions near wildland vegetation (植被). Jason shared bittersweet memories of their old home, a simple post-war house with a beloved redwood platform. “I suspect that platform was one of the first things to catch fire,” he said. “We won’t make that mistake again.” The wildfires reshaping the Warneskys’ neighborhood are part of a larger trend across the nation. As climate change fuels more frequent and severe natural disasters, more families are turning to smarter housing options. Prefabricated homes, built in novel ways to withstand extreme conditions, promise peace of mind — and for families like the Warneskys, a fresh start amid the ashes. 1．What can we learn about the Warneskys’ home? A．It had been rebuilt for three times. B．It was built with fire-resistant materials. C．It was ruined in the third serious wildfire. D．It was specially designed to watch wildfires. 2．Jason Warnesky mentions the redwood platform in paragraph 4 to ______. A．highlight their priority on safety B．criticize unsafe material choices C．recall meaningful past moments D．compare old and new housing styles 3．What is the emotional impact of the incident on the local families? A．It helps them stay strong and encourages innovation. B．It motivates better connection with their community. C．It gives them greater understanding of the climate change. D．It triggers reflection on their previous homebuilding methods. 4．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Climate Change Draws Communities Apart B．Prefab Houses Rebuild Hope in Fire-stricken Areas C．Charity Program Helps Fire Victims Rebuild Homes D．Smarter Housing Puts an End to Traditional Construction Passage 3 When Maya Thompson was 10 years old, she went on a family vacation to the beach and saw hundreds of plastic bottles and bags washed up on the shore. That day, she made a promise to herself that she would do something to protect the oceans. Now 22, Maya has kept that promise. She is the founder of Ocean Guardians, a youth-led organization that organizes beach cleanups and educates people about plastic pollution. What started as a small group of friends cleaning up their local beach has grown into a global movement with over 50,000 members in 40 countries. One of Ocean Guardians’ most successful projects is the “Plastic Free School” program. The organization works with schools to eliminate single-use plastics from cafeterias and classrooms. So far, over 200 schools have joined the program, reducing their plastic waste by an average of 70%. Maya’s biggest achievement, however, came last year when she led a campaign to ban single-use plastics in her home state. She collected over 100,000 signatures and spoke at the state legislature. After months of debate, the ban was passed, making it the strictest plastic ban in the country. Despite her success, Maya remains humble. “I’m just one person,” she says. “The real heroes are the thousands of volunteers who show up every weekend to clean up beaches and the students who are changing their schools. Together, we can make a difference.” Maya’s next goal is to expand the Plastic Free School program to 1,000 schools by 2027. She also plans to write a book for children about ocean conservation. “It’s important to start educating kids young,” she explains. “They are the future of our planet.” 1．What inspired Maya Thompson to start protecting the oceans? A．A school project about environmental protection. B．Seeing plastic pollution on a beach vacation. C．A documentary about ocean life. D．The encouragement from her parents. 2．What is the “Plastic Free School” program about? A．Teaching students about marine biology. B．Organizing beach cleanups for students. C．Removing single-use plastics from schools. D．Raising money for ocean conservation. 3．What does the underlined word “humble” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Proud and confident. B．Modest and not arrogant. C．Ambitious and determined. D．Kind and generous. 4．What can we infer from the text? A．Maya’s organization is funded by the government. B．The plastic ban in Maya’s state was the first in the country. C．Maya believes collective action is the key to solving environmental problems. D．All schools in Maya’s state have joined the Plastic Free School program. Passage 4 Forty years ago, Yin Yuzhen arrived at her new home in a vast desert in northern China. Her new house lay half buried under sand dunes. Strong winds howled, and terrible heat made life extremely difficult. While many people would have fled, Yuzhen chose to stay. “I would rather die planting trees than live buried by the desert,” she said, beginning a lifelong battle against the tough environment. Yuzhen and her husband worked tirelessly to afford young trees. She slept only a few hours each night, her hands and arms covered in wounds from her hard work. After many trials, she finally found a successful method. She first planted shrubs and grasses to hold the soil. Then, she planted taller trees like poplars and pines to protect the fruit trees inside. Slowly, her efforts paid off. The barren (贫瘠) land transformed into a green oasis. Over four decades, she has turned over 70,000 acres of desert into woodland, becoming a symbol of China’s large-scale tree-planting project. Yuzhen’s story also inspired an American teacher, Donald Jones. In 2015, he traveled to meet her and joined her team. He learned to plant trees, working hard under difficult conditions. He planted over 2,000 trees and formed a deep bond with Yuzhen, calling her his “sister”. Their friendship showed that environmental protection is a shared mission that connects people across borders. Yuzhen’s personal effort is part of a much larger picture. China is making significant progress in protecting the environment. In the past 20 years, a quarter of the world’s newly added green areas have come from China. The country has met its 2030 goals for forest growth and solar and wind power capacity years ahead of schedule. These achievements show China’s leading role and consistent commitment to a sustainable future. The message from Yuzhen’s story is profound: whether it is planting trees or developing clean energy, every effort shares the same vision. Green development is not just China’s choice, but its contribution to the entire planet. Challenges like sandstorms know no borders. By working together, humanity can create not only oases in the desert but also a greener, cleaner world for all. 1．Why did Yin Yuzhen stay in the desert? A．Her husband’s support. B．Her fight against desertification. C．Hope to plant trees for a living. D．Attraction of living in sand. 2．Which of the following best describes Yin Yuzhen’s tree-planting method? A．Relying on green oases for irrigation water. B．Planting tall trees first to block strong winds. C．Focusing on fruit trees to improve economic benefits. D．Using a layered approach to stabilize and green the land. 3．Why is Donald Jones mentioned in the passage? A．To show Yin’s global influence. B．To prove cross-border friendship. C．To explain international cooperation. D．To introduce US tree-planting skills. 4．What is the best title of the text? A．Green Mission Across Borders B．A 40-Year Desert Battle C．China’s Green Hope for the World D．The Seed of a Green Life Passage 5 After losing her job, Andrea found herself returning to the one thing that had always offered comfort: painting. With steady encouragement from her husband, she got into painting full-time, transforming her passion into a meaningful way to support her family — one brushstroke at a time. Andrea’s creative roots stretch back to childhood. She remembers being fascinated by classics like The Joy of Painting with Bob Ross, where gentle landscapes unfolded in real time. Combined with the influence of impressionist and surrealist masters, these early inspirations opened her eyes to the possibilities of color, form, and mood. Guided by dedicated and incredibly supportive art teachers, Andrea fell for oil paint. Today, she views each canvas (画布) as an invitation — to push herself, to keep learning, and to refine the signature style her collectors have come to love. Seeing the joy her work brings to others fuels her passion and makes her efforts worthwhile. Social platforms have helped her find community, connection, and a broader audience that resonates (共鸣) with her nature-driven aesthetic (审美). For Andrea, the creating process is as important as the finished piece. She emphasizes how important it is “to not get too comfortable” when creating, and to challenge yourself, forcing a deeper dive into your own thought processes. It’s this sense of personal evolution that gives each painting its emotional resonance. Andrea’s career continues to develop. She launched her website artbyandrearich.com recently, and she will present an exhibition next spring at the Holland Area Arts Council in the Jane Armstrong Gallery. With characteristic optimism, she says, “The best is yet to come.” For homeowners seeking artworks that bring peace, genuineness, and a touch of Michigan’s natural beauty indoors, Andrea Rich is certainly an artist to turn to. 1．What made Andrea fall in love with oil paint? A．Support of her husband. B．Guidance from her instructors. C．Influence of various artists. D．Inspiration from classic works. 2．What matters most to Andrea in creation? A．Pushing her capabilities. B．Experimenting with colors. C．Developing a unique style. D．Appealing to more audiences. 3．Which of the following best describes Andrea’s career? A．Prosperous. B．Traditional. C．Competitive. D．Independent. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To share passion for art. B．To advertise fine artworks. C．To recommend an artist. D．To motivate art enthusiasts. 说明文 Passage 1 Space agencies have been treating the idea of living on Mars (火星) a long-term goal. However, the thin air, low pressure and extreme temperatures are what most Earth life can’t tolerate, let alone the constant radiation. So, a Mars shelter is central to any plan for sustainable human life. Shipping material from Earth would be far too unrealistic. A practical approach, as is published on the website NASA Science, is to build with what is already on Mars. NASA has collected samples of Martian soil that may contain evidence of very early life. That raises a bigger question: if microorganisms (微生物) once lived on Mars, could they also help us build there? The focus is biomineralization — microorganisms create minerals as part of their metabolism (新陈代谢). Erik Richards, lead author of the research, said microorganisms on Earth that burgeon in tough settings such as acidic lakes, volcanic soils, and deep caves may be especially useful as we explore what could work under Martian conditions. The work centers on a partnership between two bacteria: Sporosarcina pasteurii (巴氏芽孢八叠球菌), which is known for creating calcium carbonate, and Chroococcidiopsis (拟甲色球藻), a strong cyanobacterium that can survive extreme environments, including simulated (模拟的) Martian conditions. Together, they transform loose soil into a solid, concrete - like material. The long-term vision is to combine this bacterial co-culture with Martian soil and use it as feedstock (原料) for 3D printing on Mars. If it works in volume, it could change how structures are made on this red planet. The potential value is not limited to construction. Because Chroococcidiopsis can produce oxygen, it could also help enable self-sustaining agriculture and Mars’s terraforming (地球化). Even with promising ideas, their work is still at an early stage. Repeated delays in Mars sample return limit how quickly Mars-specific construction methods can be tested and confirmed. Also, robotics today is unable to reproduce Martian gravity on Earth, yet gravity affects 3D printing and autonomous construction. 1．Why is a shelter of vital importance on Mars? A．Because material from Earth can’t be used. B．Because too many space agencies want to stay. C．Because its conditions are deadly for Earth life. D．Because space agencies target long-term research. 2．What does the underlined word “burgeon” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Boom. B．Sink. C．Communicate. D．Disappear. 3．What can be inferred about the construction work? A．It is an incredibly fast process. B．It may bring about added bonus. C．It has been tested and confirmed. D．It takes just two types of bacteria. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Different stages. B．Promising ideas. C．Current obstacles. D．Potential applications. Passage 2 Short videos have become a major source of entertainment and information for teenagers worldwide. With just a few touches on the screen, viewers can enjoy endless content ranging from funny moments to learning materials. Yet recent psychological studies warn that long-hour exposure to short videos may be quietly damaging people’s ability to focus on demanding tasks. Researchers carried out a study among 200 high school students. One group was asked to watch short videos for at least two hours a day for two weeks, while the other avoided such videos during the same period. Both groups then took tests that required continuous attention and deep thinking. Results showed that the short-video group scored significantly lower and took much longer to complete the tasks. They were easily distracted and often gave up halfway when facing difficult problems. Scientists explain the reason. Short videos provide constant, instant satisfaction. Every 15 to 60 seconds, a new picture or idea appears, training the brain to seek quick fun instead of patience. Over time, this makes it harder for the brain to deal with slow-paced, complex activities. Such a change may impair one’s ability to concentrate and think deeply. The study does not suggest that short videos are completely bad. Used properly, they can bring knowledge and relaxation. However, students are advised to control viewing time and actively exercise their focus by reading, studying or doing creative hobbies. Finding a balance between digital fun and meaningful work is the key to keeping a sharp and healthy mind. 1．What is the public’s general view on short videos according to Paragraph 1? A．They harm students’ mental health. B．They are convenient and widely welcomed. C．They improve problem-solving skills. D．They reduce independent thinking ability. 2．What can be inferred from the study results? A．Regular short-video watchers may become less patient. B．All students are easily distracted by digital media. C．Deep thinking can hardly be improved in daily life. D．Short videos should be totally banned on campus. 3．What does the underlined word “impair” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．weaken B．improve C．replace D．reflect 4．What is the author’s attitude towards short videos? A．Supportive B．Unconcerned C．Objective D．Doubtful Passage 3 Kids who volunteer aren’t just helping their community. They might also be helping themselves. That’s according to a new research published in JAMA Network Open, in May. Kids who participated in community service were 34% more likely to be in very good physical health than those who didn’t participate, the study found. And those who volunteered were 66% more likely to be considered doing well in general. Kids aged 12 and older who volunteered were 25% less likely to have anxiety than peers who didn’t. The findings come from survey data provided by the parents of some 50,000 kids in the United States aged 6 to 17. About half of those parents reported that their kids did volunteer work. Studies like this have limitations. Parents answered questions about their kids’ health and community-service activity. But a parent might not know if their child experiences anxiety or considers themselves to be doing well in general. This type of data also can’t prove cause and effect. It can only uncover connections. So it’s not possible to say for sure that volunteering leads to better mental and physical health. It could be that people in good health are more likely to have the energy or desire to volunteer. But the data comes at an important time for youth mental health. In recent years, rates of depression and anxiety have risen among young people. More than 40% of high school students reported experiencing feelings of sadness or hopelessness. So there’s a clear need for accessible and effective mental health resources. Giving back to the community may be one such resource. And this study isn’t the only one to reach that conclusion. Previous research has also found links between volunteering and well-being among adults. Serving the community seems to help people feel a sense of purpose. And it makes them feel connected to those around them. Generosity has also been shown to boost happiness and improve physical health. It might be a practice worth doing. 1．What’s a limitation of the study mentioned in the passage? A．Surveyed parents’ lack of knowledge. B．The single research method. C．Narrow geographical locations. D．Narrow study subjects. 2．What can we learn from the third paragraph? A．Healthy people are less likely to volunteer. B．Volunteering surely leads to better mental and physical health. C．Parents know their kids’ mental and physical health very well. D．There is a relationship between health and community-service activity. 3．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．There are various mental health resources. B．People of all ages will serve the community. C．Serving the community will benefit mental health. D．High school students are suffering mental health problems. 4．Which proverb best matches the passage? A．He laughs best who laughs last. B．The rose is in her hand, the flavor in mine. C．The longest journey begins with the first step. D．Treat other people as you hope they will treat you. Passage 4 A growing body of research from the past twenty years highlights that strong social relationships are crucial for our long-term physical and mental health. Obviously, chronic (慢性的) loneliness has been linked to a high risk of death. While the exact reasons remain under study, evidence increasingly suggests that our social lives directly influence our biological health. A key challenge has been determining cause and effect. Many studies are observational, meaning they find a link but cannot prove that poor social connections cause poor health. It is possible that existing health issues lead to weaker social ties, or that other factors — like substance abuse — harm both health and relationships at the same time. However, new research strengthens the case that strong social bonds actively protect our health. A recent study, examining over 2,000 middle-aged Americans, investigated a concept called “cumulative (累积的) social advantage (CSA)”. This measure combines four areas: support from communities, quality of parent-child relationships, community involvement, and emotional support from close ones. Researchers compared participants’ CSA scores with their blood samples, using an advanced biological age marker. The results revealed a clear pattern: Individuals with higher social advantage tended to have slower biological aging and lower levels of inflammation (炎症). Essentially, better social connections correlated with a younger biological state. While this study still shows correlation rather than proven causation (因果关系), it points to meaningful biological differences. By focusing on long-term markers like inflammation and cellular aging, it reduces the likelihood that the findings are merely due to lifestyle choices like diet or exercise. It suggests that strong, positive relationships may cause subtle, lasting physiological benefits — such as better immune function and stress regulation — which protect the body over time. Therefore, nurturing friendships and community ties may be just as important for health as regular exercise and balanced nutrition. Prioritizing meaningful social connections is not only good for our happiness but can be a vital investment in our long-term well-being. 1．What can be the relationship between social lives and human health? A．Interactive. B．Short-term. C．One-way. D．Irrelevant. 2．Why does the author mention CSA? A．To offer advice on community involvement. B．To show the negative effects of inflammation. C．To explain how biological aging is measured. D．To present a way to judge social conditions. 3．What do the long-term markers help the study do? A．Rule out lifestyle choices as the only explanation. B．Confirm inflammation as a contributor to aging. C．Prove social relationships ensure better health. D．Suggest diet matters less than social ties. 4．What is the main purpose of the last paragraph? A．To make a recommendation. B．To make a call. C．To make a conclusion. D．To make a guess. Passage 5 Looking for a way to cut back on how often I had to water my container garden, I tried self-watering containers and found that I needed to water much less often. Self-watering containers with big tomato or squash plants needed water every three or four days, but younger, smaller plants got by with water once a week. No plants needed daily watering. These containers make it possible for the container gardener to have a life beyond the garden. I also got a nice surprise: I found that virtually all the vegetable plants I grow in my regular gardens grow at least as well in self-watering containers. Some grow better. Artichokes or eggplant can’t be conventionally grown in my area due to the short growing season where plants often struggle to keep up with water need, but in a self-watering container, they grow quickly enough. It appears that water is the key. As long as there is water in the reservoir, the soil throughout the container is always moist. In a traditional container, after watering, the soil — and the plants — have progressively less water available. Plants become stressed whenever they have insufficient water, and self-watering containers eliminate (排除) that possibility. Most self-watering containers are rectangular plastic ones, but there are also round and hanging ones. They all work, though some inexpensive ones have reservoirs too small to offer any advantage over traditional containers. The critical differences have to do with size: How much soil can it hold? How deep is the soil? Big plants need big pots. Soil 8 inches deep satisfies most plants, but carrots need 12 inches. Reservoirs need to be big enough to allow at least three or four days between waterings. 1．What affects how often self-watering containers need to be watered? A．The size of the plants. B．The depth of the soil. C．The material of the container. D．The color of the container. 2．What’s the key advantage of self-watering containers? A．Shortening the growing cycle. B．Adapting the plant to dry conditions. C．Removing the risk of dry soil. D．Changing traditional planting ways. 3．What can be learned about choosing a self-watering container? A．Soil type changes water storage. B．A low-cost reservoir works just fine. C．Root vegetables need wider containers. D．The shape makes little difference in use. 4．Where is the text most likely taken from? A．A product review website. B．A gardening tips column. C．A home improvement blog. D．A plant science textbook. 议论文 Passage 1 From an early age, we tend to divide ourselves and others into opposing groups — such as “smart vs. dumb” in school or “rich vs. poor” in adulthood. This thinking is often used for simpler identification, but it carries significant risks. Once we assign people or ourselves to a group, several psychological effects take hold. First of all, the group members assume an identity. A label is placed on them, which over time achieves a level of permanency. For example, if you decide yourself as belonging to the “I’m really not creative” group, you tend to view yourself as primarily and permanently uncreative. The longer this belief lasts, the harder it is to change. Moreover, groups provide us with a false sense of comfort. By joining the “I’m not creative” group, we also conveniently protect ourselves from moving beyond the borders of that group into new and often unfamiliar areas. Like birds that hesitate to leave their cages even when the door is open, we eschew the desire to get out of our comfort zone — not because we can’t, but because we won’t. There are not just many like-minded people in the group, but it offers a safe environment to work and play. But the problem doesn’t end there. There is a tsunami of books and articles that use language such as the following: “Creative people are individuals like Leonardo, Edison, Picasso, or Einstein who have changed our culture in some important respects” and “Creative people are the ones who get ahead in their jobs, start new businesses, invent products... paint pictures, and make things of beauty.” When reading these statements, we automatically assign ourselves to that “other group”, knowing that we can never measure up. However, as psychological research has convincingly demonstrated, creativity is not exclusive to a select few; it is a birthright shared by everyone. So, be mindful of what you read. Sometimes, others may be putting you in a box without your knowing. 1．What does the underlined word “eschew” probably mean in paragraph 3? A．Avoid. B．Arouse. C．Express. D．Spark. 2．What can we learn from paragraph 4? A．Creative people are very few. B．Labels may limit our thoughts. C．All great people are creative. D．We can match great people easily. 3．What might the author agree with? A．Creativity belongs to everyone. B．Groups help us know ourselves. C．We should read more books. D．Labels help us identify others. 4．What can be the suitable title for the passage? A．Group Identity: Its Hidden Benefits. B．Age Groups: Key Comparisons. C．Social Labels: Their Hidden Harm. D．Creative Thinking: Ways to Develop It. Passage 2 In the world of professional sports, a single incorrect call can change the result of a match, a championship, and even a career. To fight against this, sports have increasingly turned to technology for objective truth. Foremost among these innovations is Hawk-Eye, a complex computer vision system used to visually track the movement of a ball and display a record of its statistically most likely path. First introduced in cricket in 2001 and later gaining fame in tennis, Hawk-Eye is now a familiar sight in over 20 sports, including football and volleyball. Its popularity has also led to widespread discussion: does this pursuit for accuracy come at a cost to the spirit of the game? The most celebrated advantage of Hawk-Eye is its contribution to fairness and accuracy. The system boasts an average margin of error (误差) of just 3.6 millimeters, a level of precision far beyond the capability of the human eye. Once days of debate are now often resolved in seconds. This not only ensures that results are more just but also reduces the pressure on officials. The result is a game where athletic performance, not human error, is the primary determinant of the outcome. Beyond it, Hawk-Eye has transformed the game-watching experience. Broadcasters use Hawk-Eye’s data to provide deeper analysis, showing viewers the placement of serves, the bounce of a cricket ball, or the shot patterns of a player. This presentation educates and engages the audience, turning a passive viewing experience into an interactive and analytical one. However, the introduction of Hawk-Eye is not without its drawbacks. The most significant barrier is its cost. Installing and maintaining the system requires a large financial investment. This creates a “technological gap,” where top competitions are played under different standards than lower or grassroots-level games. Critics argue this destroys the universal nature of sport. Another criticism centers on the disruption (破坏) of the game’s natural rhythm. In sports like tennis and volleyball, challenges can interrupt play, sometimes breaking a player’s pace. Meanwhile, the “human element,” with all its imperfections, is seen by some as a part of the sports drama. Finally, the system’s reliability is, in itself, a point of argument. While highly accurate, Hawk-Eye is not perfect. It is a statistical system but not an absolute measure. The 2020 “ghost goal” incident in an English football match served as a stark reminder of its limitations. This event highlighted the danger of placing blind faith in technology and reopened the debate about whether the final decision should always rest with the on-field official. 1．What’s the writing purpose of paragraph1? A．To introduce the topic. B．To give an example. C．To make a comparison. D．To reach a conclusion. 2．Which of the following is the greatest advantage of Hawk-Eye technology? A．Visualization B．Timeliness. C．Accuracy. D．Entertainment. 3．What is the author’s attitude towards Hawk-eye technology? A．Favorable. B．Supportive. C．Critical. D．Optimistic. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Hawk-eye technology — a double-edged sword in sports. B．Hawk-eye technology — a huge compromise of technology in sports. C．Hawk-eye technology — the perfect connection of technology and sports. D．Hawk-eye technology — a classic example of technology leading humanity. Passage 3 In the blink of an eye, artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly entered every walk of life, from self-driving taxis to software that reads X-rays, to virtual assistants that can schedule meetings and draft e-mails. However, will AI displace entire industries as mechanized factories did before? Like past world-changing tools such as mechanical cloth-making machines, AI is set to reshape the workplace greatly. But techno-pessimists argue AI’s impact has never been seen before. Economists estimate AI could rob 40% of jobs, with machines replacing much skilled human work and note that even remaining jobs may see declining wages due to reduced labor value. Amid these worries, 2024 Nobel Prize-winning economists Daron Acemoglu and Simon Johnson advise learning from David Ricardo’s flexible thinking about the early Industrial Revolution. In his work Principles of Political Economy and Taxation, economist Ricardo initially supported new spinning machines (纺纱机), believing they would promote productivity for all. Though home spinners were displaced, many shifted to weaving (织布). However, technology changed everything: one machine outperformed 10-20 handweavers, ending cottage industry. Displaced weavers had no choices as factories created few new jobs, leading to falling wages and social unrest. Witnessing these consequences, Ricardo transformed his view. His 1821 revised work acknowledged that factors boosting national income might also make population extra resources and worsen laborers’ conditions. England eventually learned from the struggles of handweavers and the working class. The government expanded political representation for industrial cities, passed the 1833 Factory Act to manage child labor, and ended the protectionist Corn Laws in the 1840s to lower food costs. The history repeats today. As the AI era approaches, Johnson notes that AI has attracted enormous talents, similar to the late-1990s Internet boom, but history — especially the Industrial Revolution — shows that “new miracle machines do not guarantee benefits for most people.” With thoughtful policies, AI can avoid repeating past mistakes and build an inclusive future. When technology is guided by wisdom and responsibility, it can become a powerful tool that lifts people up, reduces inequality, and brings greater opportunities to all. 1．Which question can paragraph 2 answer? A．How is AI to affect the work settings? B．Why has technology replaced human work? C．Who suffered most from the Industrial Revolution? D．What did cloth-making machines bring to workers? 2．Why did David Ricardo change his attitude? A．The closure of cottage industry. B．The appearance of spinning and weaving. C．The indifference of the government. D．The suffering of workers and the society. 3．What lesson can be learned from the text? A．Every step forward is progress. B．Technology makes the complex simple. C．History is where you find the future. D．With great power comes great responsibility. 4．What might be talked about following the last paragraph? A．Details of David Ricardo’s theories. B．Policy examples for guiding AI. C．The introduction of the Internet boom. D．The development of AI technology. Passage 4 Deep within your brain lies the nucleus accumbens (伏隔核), a key part of the reward system (奖励系统) that release dopamine (多巴胺) to encourage behavior. Companies are now spending huge amounts of money to take control of this system with “digital dopamine (数字多巴胺)” — delivered through hard-to-resist apps like social media and online gambling. This creates a divide in society: an immediate-satisfaction online world where money is made but little meaning is found, and a shrinking real-life space where true meaning is built. The situation is likely to get worse with the Al development, which will make consumer technology even more obsessive. We can see the warning in the difficult situation of teenagers, particularly young men, whose developing brains make them easily influenced. Society is directing them toward digital rewards that require no real-life effort, harming their development in both work and relationships. We must take action in two areas. Online, we should treat these apps as the dangers they are. The Consumer Product Safety Commission could require child-safe designs and warning labels. App developers must be told to share unnamed user information with scientists to study the effects of their products, making addictive computer programs open rather than company secrets. In real life, we must make the physical world more satisfying. We need to develop an economy that builds things up like Legos, rather than just takes like Monopoly, by creating jobs with meaning and purpose. This includes putting money into “hard tech” that solves real-world problems and setting up 1,000 new vocational schools to attract the next generation, particularly young men, to build and create in the real world. Finally, we must demand that our public values and technology support standards of personal and national improvement, rather than undermining them for profit. 1．What are companies trying to control by spending large amounts of money? A．The development of new technology. B．The brain’s reward system. C．Social media platforms. D．Teenagers’ online behavior. 2．What does the underlined word “obsessive” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Awful B．informative. C．addictive. D．diverse. 3．How does the author mainly describe the solution to digital addict? A．By showing scientific analyses. B．By presenting a concept. C．By explaining a theory. D．By giving examples. 4．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．Digital Divide: The Corporate Takeover of Our Reward System B．Controlling the Reward System: The Dangers of Social Media and Gambling C．The Brain’s Reward System: From Nucleus Accumbens to a Divided Society D．Digital Dopamine: A Two-Sided Solution for Reclaiming Our Lives Passage 5 The toy industry is pushing forward with AI chatbots built into stuffed animals and mini robots. These toys are flexible enough to conduct limited conversations with children and to respond to them just as they finish talking. Are these interactions enough to provide the “personalized education” one company claimed? Will toys like Curio’s Grem help or harm children’s language development? The more language that is addressed to children, the bigger their vocabulary will be. But these vocabulary words are not learned because they were spoken out of context, as current AI-infused toys do, but from caregivers who make the words come alive. Research shows that chatbot talk is unlikely to improve young children’s language outcomes. In fact, if allowed to replace conversations with caregivers, these toys may impede children’s language learning. When a caregiver describes something that a child is interested in, children can learn its name. A chatbot is less able to teach children about their environments because it cannot see and describe a toy the child is holding. Even if it could see, it does not have prior knowledge about the toys a child owns. Language skills do not grow from simply hearing lots of words — they grow from hearing words in conversations that capture the child’s attention. Finally, children are also seeking further information about the sounds of their language. The caregivers’ repetition of the word emphasizes its name while also giving the child more information about the sound of the word. If the child mispronounces the word, the caregiver will likely emphasize the correct pronunciation. Commercially available chatbots can’t reliably do this. Quality language expands on what toddlers (学步的儿童) know, takes the child’s perspective and past history into consideration, and responds to children’s questions. We have seen some work that shows social robots can help preschool children learn vocabulary, and that conversational agents who ask older children to respond to educational television programs can help children learn. However, we need more research to know the effects these robots have on babies’ and toddlers’ language learning. Until that happens, we believe that the humans in toddlers’ lives are responsible for conducting the conversations that grow children’s language. As a researcher and his teammates state, “Our babies shouldn’t be lab mice for toy companies.” 1．What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To point out a problem. B．To present a phenomenon. C．To put forward the viewpoint. D．To introduce the topic. 2．What does the underlined word “impede” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Prevent. B．Facilitate. C．Secure. D．Maintain. 3．What can a caregiver do to help children learn a language? A．Provide interaction in context. B．Emphasize their names. C．Weaken their attention. D．Repeat grammar rules. 4．Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A．Is It Necessary to Interact with Caregivers? B．Will AI-Powered Toys Be a New Toy Trend? C．Are Caregivers the Secret to Kids’ Overall Development? D．Can AI-Powered Toys Help Toddlers Learn Language? 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期末复习之阅读理解20篇 （期末热点话题） 内容导航 内容速递 本资料共20篇专项训练：主要分为以下四种题型 1. 应用文 2. 记叙文 3. 说明文 4. 议论文 每个话题对应5篇专项练习 应用文 Passage 1 VitaCare Gummies Product Information Sheet Boost your daily wellness with VitaCare gummies (软糖). Made with essential vitamins (维生素) and minerals, these tasty gummies help fill nutritional gaps in your diet, supporting your immune (免疫的) system and overall energy levels. Enjoy the natural orange flavor as part of a balanced lifestyle. Active Components Key Benefits (Per 2 Gummies Serving) Component Amount Daily Value* Key Function Vitamin C 90 mg 100% Supports immune defense and protects cells. Vitamin D3 20mcg (800 IU) 100% Supports bone health. Zinc 5mg 45% Contributes to normal immune function Elderberry Extract 50mg + A traditional herb * Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000-calorie diet.        + Daily Value not established. Directions for Use: Adults and children (12 years and above): Take 2 gummies daily. Chew thoroughly. Best taken with a meal. Do not take more than the recommended daily intake.Storage: Keep the bottle tightly closed in a cool, dry place. Avoid direct sunlight. Warning: Keep out of reach of children. This product is not intended for children under 12. Consult your doctor before use if you are pregnant, nursing, taking other medications, or have a known medical condition. Note: These gummies add essential nutrients to your daily routine and should not replace a varied diet and healthy lifestyle. Net Contents: 60 gummies. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to identify, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. 1．What are VitaCare gummies intended to do? A．Replace daily meals for weight loss. B．Relieve flu symptoms. C．Add specific nutrients to the diet. D．Contribute to youthful skin. 2．Which component provides 100% of the Daily Value for cell protection? A．Vitamin C． B．Zinc. C．Elderberry Extract. D．Vitamin D3. 3．How long will one bottle last if taken as directed? A．15 days. B．30 days. C．60 days. D．90 days. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 【导语】文章主要介绍了VitaCare软糖的成分功效、服用方法及注意事项等产品信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Made with essential vitamins (维生素) and minerals, these tasty gummies help fill nutritional gaps in your diet, supporting your immune (免疫的) system and overall energy levels.(这些美味的软糖含有必需维生素和矿物质，有助于填补饮食中的营养缺口，支持你的免疫系统和整体能量水平)”及Note部分“These gummies add essential nutrients to your daily routine and should not replace a varied diet and healthy lifestyle.(这些软糖为你的日常生活增添了必需的营养，不应该取代多样化的饮食和健康的生活方式)”可知，VitaCare软糖旨在为饮食补充特定营养素。 2．细节理解题。根据Active Components表格中Vitamin C行中的信息“Supports immune defense and protects cells.(支持免疫防御并保护细胞)”可知，维生素C支持免疫防御并保护细胞，且其Daily Value为100%。 3．细节理解题。根据Directions for Use中“Adults and children (12 years and above): Take 2 gummies daily.(成人和儿童（12岁及以上）：每日服用2粒软糖)”以及“Net Contents: 60 gummies.(净含量：60粒)”可知，每日2粒，60粒可服用30天。 Passage 2 Global Youth Climate Action Summit 2026 The Global Youth Climate Action Summit brings together young leaders from over 100 countries to share innovative solutions to climate change. This year’s summit will be held from July 15-18 at the International Convention Center in Geneva, Switzerland. Registration Details ∙ Early bird registration: $150 (closes May 31) ∙ Regular registration: $200 (June 1-July 1) ∙ Late registration: $250 (July 2-10) ∙ Note: Registration includes access to all sessions, materials, and daily meals. Accommodation is not included. Workshop Title Date Time Capacity Target Audience Renewable Energy for Beginners 15-Jul 9:00-11:00 AM 50 All participants Climate Policy Advocacy 16-Jul 2:00-4:00 PM 30 Students aged 16+ Sustainable Fashion Design 17-Jul 10:00 AM-12:00 PM 25 Art and design students Urban Gardening Techniques 18-Jul 1:00-3:00 PM 40 All participants Featured Workshops Important Dates ∙ Abstract submission deadline: June 15 ∙ Notification of acceptance: June 25 ∙ Final program release: July 1 ∙ For more information, visit our website: www.gycas2026.org 1．How much will a participant pay if they register on June 5? A．$150 B．$200 C．$250 D．$300 2．Which workshop is specifically for art and design students? A．Renewable Energy for Beginners B．Climate Policy Advocacy C．Sustainable Fashion Design D．Urban Gardening Techniques 3．When will participants know if their abstracts have been accepted? A．May 31 B．June 15 C．June 25 D．July 1 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 【导语】文章主要介绍了2026年全球青年气候行动峰会的注册费用、工作坊安排及重要日期。 1．细节理解题。根据Registration Details中“Regular registration: $200 (June 1-July 1)(常规注册：200美元，6月1日至7月1日)”可知，6月5日处于常规注册期内，参与者需支付200美元。 2．细节理解题。根据表格中“Sustainable Fashion Design(可持续时尚设计)”对应的Target Audience为“Art and design students(艺术设计学生)”可知，该工作坊专门为艺术设计学生开设。 3．细节理解题。根据Important Dates中“Notification of acceptance: June 25(录取通知：6月25日)”可知，参与者将在6月25日知晓摘要是否被接受。 Passage 3 Nashville Sail Camp Nashville Sail Camp is a learn-to-sail camp for all levels of sailors. Along with sailing, campers will learn valuable problem-solving and creative thinking techniques. They spend their days on shore and on the water, and will come home with plenty of hands-on sailing experience. Place Weeklong Day Camp at Hamilton Creek Marina on Percy Priest Lake Time 9:00 am-4:00 pm, Monday-Friday Ages 7-17 Price *$485 / week *An extra $65 / week (Weekly Extended Care: drop-off as early as 7:45 am and pick-up as late as 5:15 pm for car rider campers) All groups are coached by US Sailing qualified instructors and helped by camp counselors (顾问) and junior counselors. Each day includes lessons appropriate for each learning level. Opti 1: Our youngest and smallest campers will take the helm (舵柄) for the first time, learning the basics of sailing in pairs on board their boats. Opti 2: Beginners aged 9 and up as well as Opti 1 graduates will increase their skill level at the helm of an Opti sailboat. Campers are encouraged to learn single-handed sailing after mastering sailing in pairs. Sunfish: Sailors aged 11 and up will explore the waters on a leisure sunfish boat, one of the world’s most popular day sailing boats. Starting off in pairs to increase confidence and get practice with a friend on board, campers are encouraged to try single-handing the boat by the end of the week. Sunfish campers spend most of their time on the water throughout the week. What to bring every day •CGA Class III Life Jacket •Packed lunch and water bottle •Athletic swimwear, hat and closed-toe water shoes •SPF 30 sunscreen Tips •Campers must be comfortable in boats and have strong swimming skills. •All campers are required to wear life jackets in and around the boats and water. Contact us •Tel: 833-244-3288 •Email: info@leadershipacademyllc.com 1．How much should a camper pay if he wants to be picked up at 5:15 pm? A．65 dollars. B．485 dollars. C．550 dollars. D．600 dollars. 2．What are Sunfish campers encouraged to do at the end of their camp? A．Sail by themselves. B．Master sailing in groups. C．Explore the waters in pairs. D．Make friends with other campers. 3．What is a must for campers? A．Having some knowledge about lifesaving. B．Learning about sailing beforehand. C．Bringing a spare pair of shoes. D．Wearing a certain life jacket. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 【导语】文章主要讲述了Nashville Sail Camp的相关信息，包括地点、时间、年龄要求、价格、课程安排、必备物品、注意事项及联系方式等。 1．细节理解题。根据Price部分中“* $485/week”以及“∗An extra $65 / week (Weekly Extended Care: drop-off as early as 7:45 am and pick-up as late as 5:15 pm for car rider campers)(每周额外收费65美元（周托延时服务：对于乘车往返的营员，可早至上午7:45送抵，晚至下午5:15接回）)”可知，一周的价格是485美元，如果要在下午5:15接孩子，需要额外支付65美元的延长看护费，所以一共需要支付550美元。 2．细节理解题。根据Sunfish部分中“Starting off in pairs to increase confidence and get practice with a friend on board, campers are encouraged to try single-handing the boat by the end of the week.(营员们先两人一组起航，增强自信心、和同伴在船上一起练习，主办方鼓励他们在周末结束前尝试独自驾船航行)”可知，Sunfish的营员在营地结束时被鼓励尝试独自驾驶船只。 3．细节理解题。根据What to bring every day部分中“•CGA Class III Life Jacket(•CGA III级救生衣)”和Tips部分中“•All campers are required to wear life jackets in and around the boats and water.(•所有营员在船上及船只周边水域活动时，均必须穿着救生衣)”可知，所有营员必须穿特定的救生衣。 Passage 4 What is New York Carnival? The New York Carnival, also known as the West Indian Day Parade, is a yearly celebration of Caribbean culture in Brooklyn, New York City. It takes place on Labor Day and draws over a million spectators and participants, making it one of the largest parades in the United States. The carnival serves as a unifying force, bringing together people from diverse backgrounds to celebrate the shared values of freedom, unity, and cultural expression. What to Expect at New York Carnival? At New York Carnival you can expect a lively atmosphere filled with colorful costumes, vibrant music, and energetic dance performances. Attendees can enjoy traditional Caribbean food from numerous vendors and participate in cultural festivities. Some highlights of the New York Carnival include: The Parade (Labor Day Parade) The centerpiece of the carnival is the vibrant parade along Eastern Parkway in Brooklyn. Participants can enjoy colorful costumes, steel drum music, live performances, and an energetic celebration of Caribbean culture. J’ouvert This early-morning street celebration (starting before dawn) is rooted in Caribbean traditions. Participants cover themselves in paint, powder, or mud and dance to steel drum and soca music, marking the unofficial start of the carnival. Live Performances and Concerts Throughout the carnival weekend, there are multiple stages and venues hosting live performances by Caribbean pop artists. These concerts often feature prominent international stars from the Caribbean music scene. How to Get to New York for Carnival? LaGuardia Airport (LGA) — about 30 minutes from Manhattan. Flights from Chicago, Atlanta, Miami, Boston, and Toronto. Intercity trains — from Boston, Philadelphia, Washington D．C．, and Montreal. Long-distance buses — from Boston, Philadelphia, Washington D．C．, and Baltimore. Where Should You Stay During New York Carnival? A convenient area to base yourself is Brooklyn, so you’re close to the action. Staying in Manhattan (Midtown, Times Square, etc.) is also great if you prefer city views and nightlife, but account for extra commute time. 1．What is the main purpose of the New York Carnival? A．To show the largest parade in the United States. B．To unite diverse people through common values. C．To sell traditional Caribbean food and costumes. D．To attract large numbers of tourists to Brooklyn. 2．What can you experience at New York Carnival? A．Wearing colorful costumes as a visitor. B．Tasting free traditional Caribbean food. C．Enjoying steel drum music at the Parade. D．Attending live concerts of classical music. 3．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．You can take a train from Baltimore to New York. B．LaGuardia Airport is one hour away from Manhattan. C．Boston is connected to New York by both train and bus. D．Staying in Manhattan saves you travel time to the parade. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 【导语】本文介绍了纽约狂欢节(又称西印度日游行)的定义、特色活动、参与体验、交通方式及住宿建议，为计划前往参与狂欢节的游客提供了全面实用的出行指南。 1．细节理解题。根据What is New York Carnival?部分“The carnival serves as a unifying force, bringing together people from diverse backgrounds to celebrate the shared values of freedom, unity, and cultural expression. (这场狂欢节起到了凝聚人心的作用，将来自不同背景的人们聚集在一起，共同庆祝自由、团结和文化表达的共同价值观)”可知，纽约狂欢节的主要目的是通过共同的价值观团结不同背景的人们。 2．细节理解题。根据表格The Parade (Labor Day Parade)部分“Participants can enjoy colorful costumes, steel drum music, live performances, and an energetic celebration of Caribbean culture. (参与者可以欣赏色彩缤纷的服饰、钢鼓音乐、现场表演，以及充满活力的加勒比文化庆典)”可知，在游行活动中可以体验钢鼓音乐。 3．细节理解题。根据How to Get to New York for Carnival?部分“Intercity trains — from Boston, Philadelphia, Washington D.C., and Montreal. Long-distance buses — from Boston, Philadelphia, Washington D.C., and Baltimore. (城际列车——从波士顿、费城、华盛顿特区和蒙特利尔出发。 长途客车——从波士顿、费城、华盛顿特区和巴尔的摩出发)”可知，波士顿既可以乘火车也可以乘巴士前往纽约。 Passage 5 Community Garden Plot Rental Program The Fairfax County Park Authority runs a Community Garden Plot Rental Program, whose goal is to give local residents the chance to grow flowers and vegetables in the park. Our registration list follows the principle of “next plot, next person”, which ensures a healthy diversity of backgrounds and a fair distribution of plots. The gardeners show the full diversity of the county, including people from all economic and social groups. The park authority rents over 700 garden plots in ten county parks to local residents every year. For most parks, gardeners who follow the rules can renew their rentals for the next year. But Hogge Park is different: it only offers one-year rentals that cannot be renewed. When a rental period ends, gardeners can sign up again, but they will be put at the end of the waiting list. Garden Plot Details: Large plots are about 20 feet by 30 feet. Renters need to provide and take care of fences, gates and locks. The park authority provides and maintains fences and raised beds. Plots are open during daylight hours, 365 days a year, unless the park is closed for some reason. Comparison of Large and Small Rental Plots Feature Large Plot Model (~600 sq. ft) Small Plot Model (~60 sq. ft) Rental terms Renewable annually. Non-renewable single season (February ~ November). Priority given to the gardeners who live closest to the plot they apply for. Tools Supplied to each gardener for personal use. Community shed and tools available. Fees $ 150 per year. $ 140 at Eakin Park. $ 85 per year. Accessibility Wheelchair access at Laurel Hill only. All plots accessible by wheelchair. Note: All gardeners must remove garden waste from the site. 1．Why is the “next plot, next person” policy carried out? A．To attract more new participants. B．To share garden plots fairly. C．To make the program better known. D．To increase gardening productivity. 2．What is special about Hogge Park? A．It provides non-renewable rentals. B．It doesn’t allow repeated registration. C．It provides plots of different sizes. D．It favors gardeners living nearby. 3．What is an advantage of small plots? A．They can be used 24 hours a day. B．They are easier for the disabled to use. C．They have longer rental periods. D．They offer personal tools to gardeners. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 【导语】文章主要介绍了费尔法克斯县公园管理局推出的社区菜园租赁项目，介绍了该项目的运营宗旨、租赁规则、不同园区的租赁差异、大小菜园地块的详细规格、租赁条款、费用及使用要求等相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据原文第一段“Our registration list follows the principle of “next plot, next person”, which ensures a healthy diversity of backgrounds and a fair distribution of plots.(我们的登记名单遵循“先到先得、顺位分配”原则，以此保障人群背景的合理多元以及菜园地块的公平分配。)” 可知，实施该政策是为了公平分配菜园地块。 2．细节理解题。根据原文第二段“But Hogge Park is different: it only offers one-year rentals that cannot be renewed.(但霍格公园有所不同：该公园仅提供不可续租的一年期租赁服务。)” 可知，霍格公园的特别之处在于地块租赁期满后无法续租。 3．细节理解题。根据表格中“Accessibility”一栏对应内容 “All plots accessible by wheelchair.(所有小型地块均可供轮椅通行使用。)” 可知，小型地块更便于残障人士使用。 记叙文 Passage 1 In my family, Saturday mornings were for dim sum (点心). Weekends started with shrimp dumplings, beef tripe, and rice noodle rolls, all washed down with Pu’er tea. “If you want to eat it, you have to read it,” my mom would say, handing me the order sheet. Struggling with unfamiliar characters, I tried to match dish names with images in my mind. “You need to keep up your language,” she’d add. “Dim sum is about connecting with family.” For us, yum cha happened at local cha lou — those loud, colorful tea houses and Chinese restaurants. At the cha lou, my usually timid mother came alive and was popular among the staff, chatting and joking with them. Dim sum was her connection to home. Naturally, it was over dim sum one Saturday that my parents told me they were leaving Canada for Hong Kong to be with my aging grandparents. I was in college and visiting home. I stuffed an egg custard bun into my mouth, and said in a low voice that they should do what they wanted. My mom placed the last shrimp dumpling in my bowl. “Eat up,” she said, “you might not get dim sum for a while.” In the years that followed, I often visited an ethnic grocery store near college to buy dim sum. I’d take home cha siu baos, barbecued pork buns, and eat them alone, defying dim sum’s shared spirit. I’d send photos to my mom, who’d reply with pictures of her own, always better-looking dim sum. Exchanging these photos became our way of sharing lives. Despite our differences, dim sum remained our simple connection. We struggle, still. Just as I struggle with the characters of the dim sum menu, my experiences are often lost in translation with my parents. There may never be the right words, but there is always the right food. Whenever we visit each other, we have dim sum, piling each other’s plates as if to say, “I’m sorry,” “I missed you,” and “I love you.” In Chinese, dim sum means “touch the heart”. And for me, it always does. 1．Why did the author’s mother ask her to read the dim sum menu? A．To impress the staff. B．To practice Chinese. C．To choose dishes faster. D．To test her language skills. 2．How did the author react to her parents’ decision to leave Canada? A．She expressed her worry. B．She stopped eating anything. C．She accepted with a heavy heart. D．She begged them not to leave. 3．What does the underlined word “defying” in paragraph 7 mean? A．Breaking. B．Respecting. C．Celebrating. D．Remembering. 4．What does dim sum symbolize for the author? A．A generational conflict. B．A personal challenge. C．A childhood memory. D．A family connection. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】作者儿时伴着点心早茶成长，点心承载亲情。父母迁居后，彼此互发点心照片维系牵挂，语言存有隔阂，点心却始终是联结家人心意的温情纽带。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“You need to keep up your language(你需要坚持练习你的语言能力)”可知，作者的母亲让她阅读点心菜单是为了练习中文。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Naturally, it was over dim sum one Saturday that my parents told me they were leaving Canada for Hong Kong to be with my aging grandparents. I was in college and visiting home. I stuffed an egg custard bun into my mouth, and said in a low voice that they should do what they wanted.(自然，那是在一个周六的下午吃点心的时候，我的父母告诉我他们要离开加拿大前往香港，去和我年迈的祖父母团聚。当时我正在上大学，正在回家探亲。我咬了一口蛋奶馅的点心，低声说道：“他们应该做自己想做的事。”)”可知，作者怀着沉重的心情接受了父母决定离开加拿大这一决定。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“I’d take home cha siu baos, barbecued pork buns, and eat them alone(我会买回叉烧包、烤猪肉包，然后独自一人享用)”以及后文“dim sum’s shared spirit(点心分享的精神)”可知，作者独自享用点心，违背了点心分享的这一传统精神，故划线词意思是“违背”。 4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Despite our differences, dim sum remained our simple connection.(尽管我们之间存在差异，但点心却成为了我们之间最纯粹的纽带)”可知，对于作者而言，点心象征着一种家庭联系。 Passage 2 From their doorstep in Altadena, California, Colleen and Jason Warnesky watched in 2009 as the Station Fire swept through the Angeles National Forest, flames bright against the distant mountains. Eleven years later, standing on the same spot, they witnessed the Bobcat Fire, one of the largest wildfires in Los Angeles County’s history. Both times, their home survived. So when the Eaton Fire broke out just three miles away in January 2025, the couple felt certain their house would be safe once again. “We couldn’t imagine how the fire would even reach us,” Colleen recalled. But this time, their luck ran out. Their 1,400-square-foot home was burned to the ground. There they were, pacing around the fenced empty lot where their home once stood, waiting for building permits to finally start reconstruction. After getting tired of the seemingly endless waiting, the Warneskys made a key decision: they would rebuild not with traditional materials, but with innovative prefabricated housing (预制装配式房屋). They have joined a growing number of local families choosing this type of home through a program developed by city-LAB at UCLA．The program offers fire-resistant prefab designs tailored for wildfire-prone areas, and guides homeowners through financing and practical rebuilding solutions. For the Warneskys, safety comes first. Their planned new home, built with glass, steel and concrete, is specially designed for regions near wildland vegetation (植被). Jason shared bittersweet memories of their old home, a simple post-war house with a beloved redwood platform. “I suspect that platform was one of the first things to catch fire,” he said. “We won’t make that mistake again.” The wildfires reshaping the Warneskys’ neighborhood are part of a larger trend across the nation. As climate change fuels more frequent and severe natural disasters, more families are turning to smarter housing options. Prefabricated homes, built in novel ways to withstand extreme conditions, promise peace of mind — and for families like the Warneskys, a fresh start amid the ashes. 1．What can we learn about the Warneskys’ home? A．It had been rebuilt for three times. B．It was built with fire-resistant materials. C．It was ruined in the third serious wildfire. D．It was specially designed to watch wildfires. 2．Jason Warnesky mentions the redwood platform in paragraph 4 to ______. A．highlight their priority on safety B．criticize unsafe material choices C．recall meaningful past moments D．compare old and new housing styles 3．What is the emotional impact of the incident on the local families? A．It helps them stay strong and encourages innovation. B．It motivates better connection with their community. C．It gives them greater understanding of the climate change. D．It triggers reflection on their previous homebuilding methods. 4．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Climate Change Draws Communities Apart B．Prefab Houses Rebuild Hope in Fire-stricken Areas C．Charity Program Helps Fire Victims Rebuild Homes D．Smarter Housing Puts an End to Traditional Construction 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 【导语】文章主要讲述了Warnesky夫妇的家在经历两次山火幸存后，最终在第三次山火中被毁，他们转而选择创新的预制装配式房屋进行重建的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“From their doorstep in Altadena, California, Colleen and Jason Warnesky watched in 2009 as the Station Fire swept through the Angeles National Forest, flames bright against the distant mountains. Eleven years later, standing on the same spot, they witnessed the Bobcat Fire, one of the largest wildfires in Los Angeles County’s history. Both times, their home survived.(2009年，家住加利福尼亚州阿尔塔迪纳的科琳·沃内斯基和杰森·沃内斯基站在自家门阶上，目睹了 Station Fire山火席卷安吉利斯国家森林，火焰在远山的映衬下格外明亮。十一年后，在同一个地方，他们又亲眼见证了洛杉矶县历史上最大的山火之一—— Bobcat Fire。这两次火灾，他们的家都幸免于难)”和第二段中“So when the Eaton Fire broke out just three miles away in January 2025, the couple felt certain their house would be safe once again....But this time, their luck ran out. Their 1,400-square-foot home was burned to the ground. (因此，当2025年1月伊顿大火在三英里外爆发时，这对夫妇确信他们的房子会再次安全。……但这一次，他们的运气用完了。他们1400平方英尺的家被烧成了平地)”可知，他们的家在第三次严重的山火中被毁。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Jason shared bittersweet memories of their old home, a simple post-war house with a beloved redwood platform. “I suspect that platform was one of the first things to catch fire,” he said. “We won’t make that mistake again.” (Jason分享了对旧居苦乐参半的回忆——那是一座简朴的战后房屋，带有一个他们钟爱的红木平台。“我怀疑那个平台是最先着火的东西之一，”他说。“我们不会再犯同样的错误了。”)”可知，Jason提到红木平台是为了说明他们从中吸取了教训，强调了他们对安全的优先考虑。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“After getting tired of the seemingly endless waiting, the Warneskys made a key decision: they would rebuild not with traditional materials, but with innovative prefabricated housing (预制装配式房屋). (在对看似无尽的等待感到厌倦之后，Warnesky一家做出了一个关键决定：他们不再使用传统材料重建，而是选择创新的预制装配式房屋)”和最后一段中“As climate change fuels more frequent and severe natural disasters, more families are turning to smarter housing options. Prefabricated homes, built in novel ways to withstand extreme conditions, promise peace of mind — and for families like the Warneskys, a fresh start amid the ashes. (随着气候变化导致更频繁、更严重的自然灾害，越来越多的家庭正转向更智能的住房选择。预制房屋采用新颖的建造方式，能够抵御极端环境，为人们带来安心——对于像沃内斯基一家这样的家庭来说，这更是灰烬之中的新起点)”可知，野火灾难并没有击垮这些家庭，反而促使他们变得更加坚强，主动寻求创新的住房方案，在废墟中重新开始。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，第一、二段讲述了Warnesky夫妇的家在经历两次山火幸存后，最终在第三次山火中被毁；结合第三段中“After getting tired of the seemingly endless waiting, the Warneskys made a key decision: they would rebuild not with traditional materials, but with innovative prefabricated housing (预制装配式房屋). They have joined a growing number of local families choosing this type of home through a program developed by city-LAB at UCLA. (在对看似无尽的等待感到厌倦之后，Warnesky一家做出了一个关键决定：他们不再使用传统材料重建，而是选择创新的预制装配式房屋。通过加州大学洛杉矶分校城市实验室开发的一个项目，他们已经加入了当地越来越多选择这种房屋的家庭行列)”、最后一段中“As climate change fuels more frequent and severe natural disasters, more families are turning to smarter housing options. (随着气候变化导致自然灾害更加频繁和严重，越来越多的家庭正在转向更智能的住房选择。)”和“for families like the Warneskys, a fresh start amid the ashes (对于像Warnesky这样的家庭来说，这是在灰烬中重新开始)”可推知。全文围绕Warnesky夫妇的家被山火烧毁后选择预制房屋重建的故事展开，并指出越来越多家庭也在效仿。因此，本文最佳标题是“Prefab Houses Rebuild Hope in Fire-stricken Areas (预制房屋在被火灾摧毁的地区重建希望)”。 Passage 3 When Maya Thompson was 10 years old, she went on a family vacation to the beach and saw hundreds of plastic bottles and bags washed up on the shore. That day, she made a promise to herself that she would do something to protect the oceans. Now 22, Maya has kept that promise. She is the founder of Ocean Guardians, a youth-led organization that organizes beach cleanups and educates people about plastic pollution. What started as a small group of friends cleaning up their local beach has grown into a global movement with over 50,000 members in 40 countries. One of Ocean Guardians’ most successful projects is the “Plastic Free School” program. The organization works with schools to eliminate single-use plastics from cafeterias and classrooms. So far, over 200 schools have joined the program, reducing their plastic waste by an average of 70%. Maya’s biggest achievement, however, came last year when she led a campaign to ban single-use plastics in her home state. She collected over 100,000 signatures and spoke at the state legislature. After months of debate, the ban was passed, making it the strictest plastic ban in the country. Despite her success, Maya remains humble. “I’m just one person,” she says. “The real heroes are the thousands of volunteers who show up every weekend to clean up beaches and the students who are changing their schools. Together, we can make a difference.” Maya’s next goal is to expand the Plastic Free School program to 1,000 schools by 2027. She also plans to write a book for children about ocean conservation. “It’s important to start educating kids young,” she explains. “They are the future of our planet.” 1．What inspired Maya Thompson to start protecting the oceans? A．A school project about environmental protection. B．Seeing plastic pollution on a beach vacation. C．A documentary about ocean life. D．The encouragement from her parents. 2．What is the “Plastic Free School” program about? A．Teaching students about marine biology. B．Organizing beach cleanups for students. C．Removing single-use plastics from schools. D．Raising money for ocean conservation. 3．What does the underlined word “humble” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Proud and confident. B．Modest and not arrogant. C．Ambitious and determined. D．Kind and generous. 4．What can we infer from the text? A．Maya’s organization is funded by the government. B．The plastic ban in Maya’s state was the first in the country. C．Maya believes collective action is the key to solving environmental problems. D．All schools in Maya’s state have joined the Plastic Free School program. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】文章主要讲述了Maya Thompson在10岁时因一次海滩度假目睹塑料污染而立志保护海洋，随后创立青年组织Ocean Guardians，发起海滩清理活动、推行"无塑料学校"项目，并成功推动家乡州通过全国最严一次性塑料禁令的事迹。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“When Maya Thompson was 10 years old, she went on a family vacation to the beach and saw hundreds of plastic bottles and bags washed up on the shore. That day, she made a promise to herself that she would do something to protect the oceans.(Maya Thompson十岁时，和家人去海滩度假，看到数百个塑料瓶和塑料袋被冲上岸。那天，她对自己许下了一个承诺，那就是要采取行动来保护海洋)”可知，正是这次度假中亲眼所见的塑料污染促使她立志保护海洋。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The organization works with schools to eliminate single-use plastics from cafeterias and classrooms.(该组织与学校合作，清除食堂和教室里的一次性塑料制品)”可推知，该项目旨在帮助学校消除一次性塑料。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文““I’m just one person,” she says. “The real heroes are the thousands of volunteers who show up every weekend to clean up beaches and the students who are changing their schools. Together, we can make a difference.”(“我只是一个人而已，”她说道，“真正的英雄是那些每个周末都会前来清理海滩的数千名志愿者，还有那些正在改变自己所在学校的学生们。只要我们齐心协力，就能有所作为。”)”可推知，尽管成就卓著，Maya并未骄傲自满，而是将功劳归于他人。由此可知，划线词humble意为“谦虚的、不傲慢的”。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段“The real heroes are the thousands of volunteers who show up every weekend to clean up beaches and the students who are changing their schools. Together, we can make a difference.(真正的英雄是那些每个周末都会前来清理海滩的数千名志愿者，还有那些正在改变自己所在学校的学生们。只要我们齐心协力，就能有所作为)”可推知，Maya认为集体行动是解决环境问题的关键。 Passage 4 Forty years ago, Yin Yuzhen arrived at her new home in a vast desert in northern China. Her new house lay half buried under sand dunes. Strong winds howled, and terrible heat made life extremely difficult. While many people would have fled, Yuzhen chose to stay. “I would rather die planting trees than live buried by the desert,” she said, beginning a lifelong battle against the tough environment. Yuzhen and her husband worked tirelessly to afford young trees. She slept only a few hours each night, her hands and arms covered in wounds from her hard work. After many trials, she finally found a successful method. She first planted shrubs and grasses to hold the soil. Then, she planted taller trees like poplars and pines to protect the fruit trees inside. Slowly, her efforts paid off. The barren (贫瘠) land transformed into a green oasis. Over four decades, she has turned over 70,000 acres of desert into woodland, becoming a symbol of China’s large-scale tree-planting project. Yuzhen’s story also inspired an American teacher, Donald Jones. In 2015, he traveled to meet her and joined her team. He learned to plant trees, working hard under difficult conditions. He planted over 2,000 trees and formed a deep bond with Yuzhen, calling her his “sister”. Their friendship showed that environmental protection is a shared mission that connects people across borders. Yuzhen’s personal effort is part of a much larger picture. China is making significant progress in protecting the environment. In the past 20 years, a quarter of the world’s newly added green areas have come from China. The country has met its 2030 goals for forest growth and solar and wind power capacity years ahead of schedule. These achievements show China’s leading role and consistent commitment to a sustainable future. The message from Yuzhen’s story is profound: whether it is planting trees or developing clean energy, every effort shares the same vision. Green development is not just China’s choice, but its contribution to the entire planet. Challenges like sandstorms know no borders. By working together, humanity can create not only oases in the desert but also a greener, cleaner world for all. 1．Why did Yin Yuzhen stay in the desert? A．Her husband’s support. B．Her fight against desertification. C．Hope to plant trees for a living. D．Attraction of living in sand. 2．Which of the following best describes Yin Yuzhen’s tree-planting method? A．Relying on green oases for irrigation water. B．Planting tall trees first to block strong winds. C．Focusing on fruit trees to improve economic benefits. D．Using a layered approach to stabilize and green the land. 3．Why is Donald Jones mentioned in the passage? A．To show Yin’s global influence. B．To prove cross-border friendship. C．To explain international cooperation. D．To introduce US tree-planting skills. 4．What is the best title of the text? A．Green Mission Across Borders B．A 40-Year Desert Battle C．China’s Green Hope for the World D．The Seed of a Green Life 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】文章主要讲述了殷玉珍40年坚守沙漠植树治沙，助力中国环保的感人故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Her new house lay half buried under sand dunes. Strong winds howled, and terrible heat made life extremely difficult. While many people would have fled, Yuzhen chose to stay. “I would rather die planting trees than live buried by the desert,” she said, beginning a lifelong battle against the tough environment.(她的新房半截都被沙丘掩埋，狂风呼啸，酷热难耐，日子过得异常艰难。换作旁人大多早已逃离，可殷玉珍选择留了下来。她说：“宁可种树累死，也不愿被黄沙埋掉。” 自此，她开启了与恶劣环境相伴一生的抗争之路。)”可知，殷玉珍留在沙漠是为了与荒漠化作斗争。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“She first planted shrubs and grasses to hold the soil. Then, she planted taller trees like poplars and pines to protect the fruit trees inside.(她先种植灌木和草来固土，然后种植杨树、松树等较高的树木来保护里面的果树。)”可知，她采用了分层种植的方法：先种灌木草固土，再种高树保护果树，即用分层的方法来固土绿化。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Yuzhen’s story also inspired an American teacher, Donald Jones. In 2015, he traveled to meet her and joined her team. He learned to plant trees, working hard under difficult conditions. He planted over 2,000 trees and formed a deep bond with Yuzhen, calling her his “sister”. Their friendship showed that environmental protection is a shared mission that connects people across borders.(殷玉珍的事迹还打动了美国教师唐纳德・琼斯。2015年，他专程前来拜访并加入治沙种树队伍。他学着种树，在艰苦的环境里埋头劳作，累计栽种两千多棵树木，还与殷玉珍结下深厚情谊，尊称她为“姐姐”。二人的情谊也印证了：保护环境是无国界的共同使命。)”可知，提到Donald Jones是为了说明殷玉珍的故事影响到了国外，展示她的全球影响力。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段中“Green development is not just China's choice, but its contribution to the entire planet.(绿色发展不仅是中国的选择，更是中国对整个地球的贡献。)”可知，文章从殷玉珍个人故事上升到中国对全球环保的贡献，“中国给世界的绿色希望”最能概括全文主旨，适合作标题。 Passage 5 After losing her job, Andrea found herself returning to the one thing that had always offered comfort: painting. With steady encouragement from her husband, she got into painting full-time, transforming her passion into a meaningful way to support her family — one brushstroke at a time. Andrea’s creative roots stretch back to childhood. She remembers being fascinated by classics like The Joy of Painting with Bob Ross, where gentle landscapes unfolded in real time. Combined with the influence of impressionist and surrealist masters, these early inspirations opened her eyes to the possibilities of color, form, and mood. Guided by dedicated and incredibly supportive art teachers, Andrea fell for oil paint. Today, she views each canvas (画布) as an invitation — to push herself, to keep learning, and to refine the signature style her collectors have come to love. Seeing the joy her work brings to others fuels her passion and makes her efforts worthwhile. Social platforms have helped her find community, connection, and a broader audience that resonates (共鸣) with her nature-driven aesthetic (审美). For Andrea, the creating process is as important as the finished piece. She emphasizes how important it is “to not get too comfortable” when creating, and to challenge yourself, forcing a deeper dive into your own thought processes. It’s this sense of personal evolution that gives each painting its emotional resonance. Andrea’s career continues to develop. She launched her website artbyandrearich.com recently, and she will present an exhibition next spring at the Holland Area Arts Council in the Jane Armstrong Gallery. With characteristic optimism, she says, “The best is yet to come.” For homeowners seeking artworks that bring peace, genuineness, and a touch of Michigan’s natural beauty indoors, Andrea Rich is certainly an artist to turn to. 1．What made Andrea fall in love with oil paint? A．Support of her husband. B．Guidance from her instructors. C．Influence of various artists. D．Inspiration from classic works. 2．What matters most to Andrea in creation? A．Pushing her capabilities. B．Experimenting with colors. C．Developing a unique style. D．Appealing to more audiences. 3．Which of the following best describes Andrea’s career? A．Prosperous. B．Traditional. C．Competitive. D．Independent. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To share passion for art. B．To advertise fine artworks. C．To recommend an artist. D．To motivate art enthusiasts. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要说明了失业后Andrea在丈夫支持下专职绘画，受老师指导爱上油画。她不断突破自我，事业稳步发展，是值得推荐的优秀艺术家。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“Guided by dedicated and incredibly supportive art teachers, Andrea fell for oil paint.(在敬业且全力支持她的美术老师的引导下，安德里亚爱上了油画)”可知，其导师的指导让安德烈亚爱上了油画。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“She emphasizes how important it is “to not get too comfortable” when creating, and to challenge yourself, forcing a deeper dive into your own thought processes.(她强调，在创作过程中“切勿过于安于现状”，并且要勇于挑战自我，深入探究自己的思维过程)”可知，对于安德里亚来说，在创作过程中最重要的是突破自我。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Andrea’s career continues to develop. She launched her website artbyandrearich.com recently, and she will present an exhibition next spring at the Holland Area Arts Council in the Jane Armstrong Gallery.(安德烈娅的事业仍在不断发展。她最近推出了自己的网站 artbyandrearich.com ，并且将于明年春天在荷兰地区艺术协会的简·阿姆斯特朗画廊举办一场展览)”可知，安德里亚的职业生涯是成功辉煌的。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“For homeowners seeking artworks that bring peace, genuineness, and a touch of Michigan’s natural beauty indoors, Andrea Rich is certainly an artist to turn to.(对于那些希望在家中也能拥有能带来宁静、真实感以及些许密歇根自然风光的艺术品的房主来说，安德里亚·里奇无疑是一位值得信赖的艺术家)”结合文章主要说明了失业后Andrea在家人支持下专职绘画，受老师指导爱上油画。她不断突破自我，事业稳步发展，是值得推荐的优秀艺术家。可知，作者撰写这篇文章的目的是推荐一位艺术家。故选C。 说明文 Passage 1 Space agencies have been treating the idea of living on Mars (火星) a long-term goal. However, the thin air, low pressure and extreme temperatures are what most Earth life can’t tolerate, let alone the constant radiation. So, a Mars shelter is central to any plan for sustainable human life. Shipping material from Earth would be far too unrealistic. A practical approach, as is published on the website NASA Science, is to build with what is already on Mars. NASA has collected samples of Martian soil that may contain evidence of very early life. That raises a bigger question: if microorganisms (微生物) once lived on Mars, could they also help us build there? The focus is biomineralization — microorganisms create minerals as part of their metabolism (新陈代谢). Erik Richards, lead author of the research, said microorganisms on Earth that burgeon in tough settings such as acidic lakes, volcanic soils, and deep caves may be especially useful as we explore what could work under Martian conditions. The work centers on a partnership between two bacteria: Sporosarcina pasteurii (巴氏芽孢八叠球菌), which is known for creating calcium carbonate, and Chroococcidiopsis (拟甲色球藻), a strong cyanobacterium that can survive extreme environments, including simulated (模拟的) Martian conditions. Together, they transform loose soil into a solid, concrete - like material. The long-term vision is to combine this bacterial co-culture with Martian soil and use it as feedstock (原料) for 3D printing on Mars. If it works in volume, it could change how structures are made on this red planet. The potential value is not limited to construction. Because Chroococcidiopsis can produce oxygen, it could also help enable self-sustaining agriculture and Mars’s terraforming (地球化). Even with promising ideas, their work is still at an early stage. Repeated delays in Mars sample return limit how quickly Mars-specific construction methods can be tested and confirmed. Also, robotics today is unable to reproduce Martian gravity on Earth, yet gravity affects 3D printing and autonomous construction. 1．Why is a shelter of vital importance on Mars? A．Because material from Earth can’t be used. B．Because too many space agencies want to stay. C．Because its conditions are deadly for Earth life. D．Because space agencies target long-term research. 2．What does the underlined word “burgeon” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Boom. B．Sink. C．Communicate. D．Disappear. 3．What can be inferred about the construction work? A．It is an incredibly fast process. B．It may bring about added bonus. C．It has been tested and confirmed. D．It takes just two types of bacteria. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Different stages. B．Promising ideas. C．Current obstacles. D．Potential applications. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】文章主要讲述了利用火星本土微生物在火星建造避难所的设想及面临的问题。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, the thin air, low pressure and extreme temperatures are what most Earth life can’t tolerate, let alone the constant radiation. So, a Mars shelter is central to any plan for sustainable human life. (然而，稀薄的空气、低气压和极端温度是大多数地球生命无法忍受的，更不用说持续的辐射了。因此，火星避难所是任何可持续人类生活计划的核心。)”可知，火星上的条件对地球生命来说是致命的，所以避难所在火星上至关重要。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Erik Richards, lead author of the research, said microorganisms on Earth that burgeon in tough settings such as acidic lakes, volcanic soils, and deep caves may be especially useful as we explore what could work under Martian conditions. (该研究的主要作者埃里克·理查兹说，地球上在酸性湖泊、火山土壤和深洞穴等恶劣环境中burgeon的微生物，在我们探索火星条件下可能起作用的东西时可能特别有用。)”可知，此处表示在恶劣环境中繁盛的微生物，burgeon意为“繁盛，激增”，与boom意思相近。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The potential value is not limited to construction. Because Chroococcidiopsis can produce oxygen, it could also help enable self-sustaining agriculture and Mars’s terraforming (地球化). (其潜在价值不仅限于建筑。因为拟甲色球藻可以产生氧气，它还可以帮助实现自给自足的农业和火星的地球化。)”可推知，这项建造工作可能会带来额外的好处。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Even with promising ideas, their work is still at an early stage. Repeated delays in Mars sample return limit how quickly Mars-specific construction methods can be tested and confirmed. Also, robotics today is unable to reproduce Martian gravity on Earth, yet gravity affects 3D printing and autonomous construction. (即使有很有前途的想法，他们的工作仍处于早期阶段。火星样本返回的反复延迟限制了火星特定建造方法的测试和确认速度。此外，目前的机器人技术还无法在地球上重现火星的重力，而重力会影响3D打印和自主建造。)”可知，最后一段主要讲了目前这项工作面临的障碍。 Passage 2 Short videos have become a major source of entertainment and information for teenagers worldwide. With just a few touches on the screen, viewers can enjoy endless content ranging from funny moments to learning materials. Yet recent psychological studies warn that long-hour exposure to short videos may be quietly damaging people’s ability to focus on demanding tasks. Researchers carried out a study among 200 high school students. One group was asked to watch short videos for at least two hours a day for two weeks, while the other avoided such videos during the same period. Both groups then took tests that required continuous attention and deep thinking. Results showed that the short-video group scored significantly lower and took much longer to complete the tasks. They were easily distracted and often gave up halfway when facing difficult problems. Scientists explain the reason. Short videos provide constant, instant satisfaction. Every 15 to 60 seconds, a new picture or idea appears, training the brain to seek quick fun instead of patience. Over time, this makes it harder for the brain to deal with slow-paced, complex activities. Such a change may impair one’s ability to concentrate and think deeply. The study does not suggest that short videos are completely bad. Used properly, they can bring knowledge and relaxation. However, students are advised to control viewing time and actively exercise their focus by reading, studying or doing creative hobbies. Finding a balance between digital fun and meaningful work is the key to keeping a sharp and healthy mind. 1．What is the public’s general view on short videos according to Paragraph 1? A．They harm students’ mental health. B．They are convenient and widely welcomed. C．They improve problem-solving skills. D．They reduce independent thinking ability. 2．What can be inferred from the study results? A．Regular short-video watchers may become less patient. B．All students are easily distracted by digital media. C．Deep thinking can hardly be improved in daily life. D．Short videos should be totally banned on campus. 3．What does the underlined word “impair” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．weaken B．improve C．replace D．reflect 4．What is the author’s attitude towards short videos? A．Supportive B．Unconcerned C．Objective D．Doubtful 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了短视频在青少年中广泛流行的现状，并通过研究说明长时间观看短视频会损害专注力与深度思考能力，同时提出合理使用、平衡娱乐与学习的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Short videos have become a major source of entertainment and information for teenagers worldwide. With just a few touches on the screen, viewers can enjoy endless content ranging from funny moments to learning materials.(短视频已成为全球青少年主要的娱乐和信息来源。只需在屏幕上简单触碰，观众就能享受从搞笑片段到学习资料的无尽内容)”可知，公众普遍认为短视频方便且广受喜爱。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Results showed that the short-video group scored significantly lower and took much longer to complete the tasks. They were easily distracted and often gave up halfway when facing difficult problems.(结果显示，短视频组得分明显更低，完成任务耗时更长。他们容易分心，遇到难题时常半途而废)”可推知，经常看短视频的人可能会变得缺乏耐心。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段 Over time, this makes it harder for the brain to deal with slow-paced, complex activities. Such a change may impair one’s ability to concentrate and think deeply.(久而久之，这会让大脑更难处理慢节奏、复杂的活动。这种变化可能会impair一个人专注和深度思考的能力)”可推知，长久以来，大脑更难处理慢节奏、复杂的活动，这会削弱一个人的专注力和深度思考的能力，由此可推知，划线单词impair 意为 “削弱、损害”，与 weaken含义相近。 4．观点态度题。根据文章第四段“The study does not suggest that short videos are completely bad. Used properly, they can bring knowledge and relaxation. However, students are advised to control viewing time and actively exercise their focus by reading, studying or doing creative hobbies. Finding a balance between digital fun and meaningful work is the key to keeping a sharp and healthy mind.(该研究并非表明短视频完全不好。合理使用，它们能带来知识和放松。不过，建议学生控制观看时长，并通过阅读、学习或开展创造性爱好主动锻炼专注力。在数字娱乐与有意义的学习 / 工作之间找到平衡，是保持思维敏锐、头脑健康的关键。)”可推知，作者对短视频的态度是客观的。 Passage 3 Kids who volunteer aren’t just helping their community. They might also be helping themselves. That’s according to a new research published in JAMA Network Open, in May. Kids who participated in community service were 34% more likely to be in very good physical health than those who didn’t participate, the study found. And those who volunteered were 66% more likely to be considered doing well in general. Kids aged 12 and older who volunteered were 25% less likely to have anxiety than peers who didn’t. The findings come from survey data provided by the parents of some 50,000 kids in the United States aged 6 to 17. About half of those parents reported that their kids did volunteer work. Studies like this have limitations. Parents answered questions about their kids’ health and community-service activity. But a parent might not know if their child experiences anxiety or considers themselves to be doing well in general. This type of data also can’t prove cause and effect. It can only uncover connections. So it’s not possible to say for sure that volunteering leads to better mental and physical health. It could be that people in good health are more likely to have the energy or desire to volunteer. But the data comes at an important time for youth mental health. In recent years, rates of depression and anxiety have risen among young people. More than 40% of high school students reported experiencing feelings of sadness or hopelessness. So there’s a clear need for accessible and effective mental health resources. Giving back to the community may be one such resource. And this study isn’t the only one to reach that conclusion. Previous research has also found links between volunteering and well-being among adults. Serving the community seems to help people feel a sense of purpose. And it makes them feel connected to those around them. Generosity has also been shown to boost happiness and improve physical health. It might be a practice worth doing. 1．What’s a limitation of the study mentioned in the passage? A．Surveyed parents’ lack of knowledge. B．The single research method. C．Narrow geographical locations. D．Narrow study subjects. 2．What can we learn from the third paragraph? A．Healthy people are less likely to volunteer. B．Volunteering surely leads to better mental and physical health. C．Parents know their kids’ mental and physical health very well. D．There is a relationship between health and community-service activity. 3．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．There are various mental health resources. B．People of all ages will serve the community. C．Serving the community will benefit mental health. D．High school students are suffering mental health problems. 4．Which proverb best matches the passage? A．He laughs best who laughs last. B．The rose is in her hand, the flavor in mine. C．The longest journey begins with the first step. D．Treat other people as you hope they will treat you. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】文章主要讲述了做志愿服务对青少年身心健康有益的相关研究。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“Studies like this have limitations. Parents answered questions about their kids’ health and community-service activity. But a parent might not know if their child experiences anxiety or considers themselves to be doing well in general. This type of data also can’t prove cause and effect. It can only uncover connections. (这样的研究有局限性。家长回答了关于孩子健康和社区服务活动的问题。但是家长可能不知道自己的孩子是否感到焦虑，或者认为自己总体上状态良好。这类数据也无法证明因果关系。它只能揭示联系)”可知，研究的局限性在于调查的父母可能缺乏对孩子健康和社区服务活动情况的了解。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“So it’s not possible to say for sure that volunteering leads to better mental and physical health. It could be that people in good health are more likely to have the energy or desire to volunteer. (所以不能肯定地说志愿服务能带来更好的身心健康。可能是身体健康的人更有精力或愿望去做志愿者)”可知，虽然不能肯定志愿服务能带来更好的身心健康，但身体健康的人更有可能有精力或愿望去做志愿者，由此可推知，健康和社区服务活动之间存在联系。 3．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“But the data comes at an important time for youth mental health. (但这些数据出现在青少年心理健康的重要时刻)”，“Previous research has also found links between volunteering and well-being among adults. Serving the community seems to help people feel a sense of purpose. And it makes them feel connected to those around them. Generosity has also been shown to boost happiness and improve physical health. It might be a practice worth doing.(先前的研究也发现志愿服务与成年人幸福感之间存在联系。为社区服务似乎能帮助人们找到目标感。这让他们觉得自己与周围的人有联系。慷慨也被证明可以提高幸福感，改善身体健康。这可能是一项值得做的实践)”以及全段可知，最后一段主要讲述了做志愿服务对心理健康有益。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Serving the community seems to help people feel a sense of purpose. And it makes them feel connected to those around them. Generosity has also been shown to boost happiness and improve physical health. It might be a practice worth doing. (为社区服务似乎能帮助人们找到目标感。这让他们觉得自己与周围的人有联系。慷慨也被证明可以提高幸福感，改善身体健康。这可能是一项值得做的实践)”可知，文章主要讲述了做志愿服务对青少年身心健康有益，做志愿服务是一种慷慨的行为，这种行为能提升幸福感，改善身体健康，由此可推知，B选项“赠人玫瑰，手留余香”最符合文章主旨。 Passage 4 A growing body of research from the past twenty years highlights that strong social relationships are crucial for our long-term physical and mental health. Obviously, chronic (慢性的) loneliness has been linked to a high risk of death. While the exact reasons remain under study, evidence increasingly suggests that our social lives directly influence our biological health. A key challenge has been determining cause and effect. Many studies are observational, meaning they find a link but cannot prove that poor social connections cause poor health. It is possible that existing health issues lead to weaker social ties, or that other factors — like substance abuse — harm both health and relationships at the same time. However, new research strengthens the case that strong social bonds actively protect our health. A recent study, examining over 2,000 middle-aged Americans, investigated a concept called “cumulative (累积的) social advantage (CSA)”. This measure combines four areas: support from communities, quality of parent-child relationships, community involvement, and emotional support from close ones. Researchers compared participants’ CSA scores with their blood samples, using an advanced biological age marker. The results revealed a clear pattern: Individuals with higher social advantage tended to have slower biological aging and lower levels of inflammation (炎症). Essentially, better social connections correlated with a younger biological state. While this study still shows correlation rather than proven causation (因果关系), it points to meaningful biological differences. By focusing on long-term markers like inflammation and cellular aging, it reduces the likelihood that the findings are merely due to lifestyle choices like diet or exercise. It suggests that strong, positive relationships may cause subtle, lasting physiological benefits — such as better immune function and stress regulation — which protect the body over time. Therefore, nurturing friendships and community ties may be just as important for health as regular exercise and balanced nutrition. Prioritizing meaningful social connections is not only good for our happiness but can be a vital investment in our long-term well-being. 1．What can be the relationship between social lives and human health? A．Interactive. B．Short-term. C．One-way. D．Irrelevant. 2．Why does the author mention CSA? A．To offer advice on community involvement. B．To show the negative effects of inflammation. C．To explain how biological aging is measured. D．To present a way to judge social conditions. 3．What do the long-term markers help the study do? A．Rule out lifestyle choices as the only explanation. B．Confirm inflammation as a contributor to aging. C．Prove social relationships ensure better health. D．Suggest diet matters less than social ties. 4．What is the main purpose of the last paragraph? A．To make a recommendation. B．To make a call. C．To make a conclusion. D．To make a guess. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】文章主要探讨了社交生活与人类健康之间的关系，指出良好的社交关系对长期身心健康至关重要，并介绍了相关研究及结论。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“While the exact reasons remain under study, evidence increasingly suggests that our social lives directly influence our biological health.(虽然具体原因仍在研究中，但越来越多的证据表明，我们的社交生活直接影响我们的生理健康)”以及第二段中“It is possible that existing health issues lead to weaker social ties, or that other factors — like substance abuse — harm both health and relationships at the same time.(有可能是现有的健康问题导致社交关系变弱，也有可能是其他因素——比如滥用药物——同时损害健康和人际关系)”可知，社交生活和人类健康之间是相互影响的关系。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“A recent study, examining over 2,000 middle-aged Americans, investigated a concept called “cumulative (累积的) social advantage (CSA)”. This measure combines four areas: support from communities, quality of parent-child relationships, community involvement, and emotional support from close ones.(最近一项研究对2000多名美国中年人进行了调查，研究了一个名为“累积社会优势(CSA)”的概念。这一衡量标准结合了四个方面：社区支持、亲子关系质量、社区参与以及亲密之人的情感支持)”可知，作者提到CSA是为了呈现一种判断社会状况的方式。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“By focusing on long-term markers like inflammation and cellular aging, it reduces the likelihood that the findings are merely due to lifestyle choices like diet or exercise.(通过关注炎症和细胞衰老等长期标志物，降低了研究结果仅仅是由于饮食或运动等生活方式选择导致的可能性)”可知，长期标志物有助于排除将生活方式作为唯一解释的可能性。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Therefore, nurturing friendships and community ties may be just as important for health as regular exercise and balanced nutrition. Prioritizing meaningful social connections is not only good for our happiness but can be a vital investment in our long-term well-being.(因此，培养友谊和社区关系可能和定期锻炼和均衡营养一样对健康重要。优先考虑有意义的社交关系不仅对我们的幸福有好处，而且是对我们长期幸福的一项重要投资)”可知，最后一段再次强调了研究得出的结论，总结了社交关系对健康的重要性。 Passage 5 Looking for a way to cut back on how often I had to water my container garden, I tried self-watering containers and found that I needed to water much less often. Self-watering containers with big tomato or squash plants needed water every three or four days, but younger, smaller plants got by with water once a week. No plants needed daily watering. These containers make it possible for the container gardener to have a life beyond the garden. I also got a nice surprise: I found that virtually all the vegetable plants I grow in my regular gardens grow at least as well in self-watering containers. Some grow better. Artichokes or eggplant can’t be conventionally grown in my area due to the short growing season where plants often struggle to keep up with water need, but in a self-watering container, they grow quickly enough. It appears that water is the key. As long as there is water in the reservoir, the soil throughout the container is always moist. In a traditional container, after watering, the soil — and the plants — have progressively less water available. Plants become stressed whenever they have insufficient water, and self-watering containers eliminate (排除) that possibility. Most self-watering containers are rectangular plastic ones, but there are also round and hanging ones. They all work, though some inexpensive ones have reservoirs too small to offer any advantage over traditional containers. The critical differences have to do with size: How much soil can it hold? How deep is the soil? Big plants need big pots. Soil 8 inches deep satisfies most plants, but carrots need 12 inches. Reservoirs need to be big enough to allow at least three or four days between waterings. 1．What affects how often self-watering containers need to be watered? A．The size of the plants. B．The depth of the soil. C．The material of the container. D．The color of the container. 2．What’s the key advantage of self-watering containers? A．Shortening the growing cycle. B．Adapting the plant to dry conditions. C．Removing the risk of dry soil. D．Changing traditional planting ways. 3．What can be learned about choosing a self-watering container? A．Soil type changes water storage. B．A low-cost reservoir works just fine. C．Root vegetables need wider containers. D．The shape makes little difference in use. 4．Where is the text most likely taken from? A．A product review website. B．A gardening tips column. C．A home improvement blog. D．A plant science textbook. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】文章主要介绍自浇水种植盆的使用优势，说明其适用作物、使用原理以及挑选这类种植盆的相关要点。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Self-watering containers with big tomato or squash plants needed water every three or four days, but younger, smaller plants got by with water once a week.(栽种番茄、南瓜这类大型植株的自浇水容器每三四天需要浇水，而幼小矮小的植株一周浇一次水就能维持生长。)”可知，植株的体型大小决定自浇水容器的浇水间隔时长。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As long as there is water in the reservoir, the soil throughout the container is always moist.(只要储水器里有水，花盆内的土壤就能始终保持湿润。)”以及“Plants become stressed whenever they have insufficient water, and self-watering containers eliminate (排除) that possibility. (每当植物水分不足时就会受到压力，自浇水容器排除这种可能性。)”可知，自浇水容器的核心优势是消除土壤干旱缺水的隐患。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Most self-watering containers are rectangular plastic ones, but there are also round and hanging ones. They all work, though some inexpensive ones have reservoirs too small to offer any advantage over traditional containers.(大多数自浇水容器是长方形塑料材质，也有圆形和悬挂式的。它们都能正常使用，不过一些廉价款的储水区太小，相比传统容器没有任何优势。)”可知，容器的外形样式对实际使用效果几乎没有影响。 4．推理判断题。根据全文多处介绍种植浇水方法、植株种植技巧以及选盆经验这类实用种植内容可知，文章围绕家庭盆栽种植相关经验展开分享，内容偏向园艺种植实用方法讲解，由此判断文本最有可能出自园艺技巧专栏。 议论文 Passage 1 From an early age, we tend to divide ourselves and others into opposing groups — such as “smart vs. dumb” in school or “rich vs. poor” in adulthood. This thinking is often used for simpler identification, but it carries significant risks. Once we assign people or ourselves to a group, several psychological effects take hold. First of all, the group members assume an identity. A label is placed on them, which over time achieves a level of permanency. For example, if you decide yourself as belonging to the “I’m really not creative” group, you tend to view yourself as primarily and permanently uncreative. The longer this belief lasts, the harder it is to change. Moreover, groups provide us with a false sense of comfort. By joining the “I’m not creative” group, we also conveniently protect ourselves from moving beyond the borders of that group into new and often unfamiliar areas. Like birds that hesitate to leave their cages even when the door is open, we eschew the desire to get out of our comfort zone — not because we can’t, but because we won’t. There are not just many like-minded people in the group, but it offers a safe environment to work and play. But the problem doesn’t end there. There is a tsunami of books and articles that use language such as the following: “Creative people are individuals like Leonardo, Edison, Picasso, or Einstein who have changed our culture in some important respects” and “Creative people are the ones who get ahead in their jobs, start new businesses, invent products... paint pictures, and make things of beauty.” When reading these statements, we automatically assign ourselves to that “other group”, knowing that we can never measure up. However, as psychological research has convincingly demonstrated, creativity is not exclusive to a select few; it is a birthright shared by everyone. So, be mindful of what you read. Sometimes, others may be putting you in a box without your knowing. 1．What does the underlined word “eschew” probably mean in paragraph 3? A．Avoid. B．Arouse. C．Express. D．Spark. 2．What can we learn from paragraph 4? A．Creative people are very few. B．Labels may limit our thoughts. C．All great people are creative. D．We can match great people easily. 3．What might the author agree with? A．Creativity belongs to everyone. B．Groups help us know ourselves. C．We should read more books. D．Labels help us identify others. 4．What can be the suitable title for the passage? A．Group Identity: Its Hidden Benefits. B．Age Groups: Key Comparisons. C．Social Labels: Their Hidden Harm. D．Creative Thinking: Ways to Develop It. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】文章主要论述了人们习惯给自己和他人贴标签、划分群体的心理现象，并分析了这种社会标签带来的潜在危害，最后点明创造力是每个人与生俱来的权利，提醒人们警惕标签的束缚。 1．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Like birds that hesitate to leave their cages even when the door is open, we eschew the desire to get out of our comfort zone — not because we can’t, but because we won’t.(就像门开了也不愿离开笼子的鸟儿一样，我们eschew走出舒适区的欲望——不是因为做不到，而是不愿意。)”可知，句中将我们比作不愿离笼的鸟，表达我们回避走出舒适区的想法；因此eschew意为“避免，回避”，与A选项“Avoid(避免)”含义相同。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“When reading these statements, we automatically assign ourselves to that “other group”, knowing that we can never measure up.(在阅读这些说法时，我们会下意识将自己归入“另一类群体”，认定自己永远达不到标准。)”可知，固化的标签定义会限制我们的自我认知与思维。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, as psychological research has convincingly demonstrated, creativity is not exclusive to a select few; it is a birthright shared by everyone.(然而，心理学研究已有力证明，创造力并非少数人独有，而是人人与生俱来的权利。)”可知，作者认同创造力属于每一个人。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“From an early age, we tend to divide ourselves and others into opposing groups — such as “smart vs. dumb” in school or “rich vs. poor” in adulthood. This thinking is often used for simpler identification, but it carries significant risks.(从小时候起，我们就习惯将自己和他人划分为对立群体——比如校园里的“聪明人与笨蛋”，成年后的“富人与穷人”。这种想法常被用于简单归类识别，却潜藏着巨大隐患。)”、第二段“Once we assign people or ourselves to a group, several psychological effects take hold.(一旦我们将他人或自己归入某个群体，多种心理效应便会随之产生。)”、第三段“Moreover, groups provide us with a false sense of comfort.(此外，群体会给我们带来虚假的安全感。)”以及最后一段“Sometimes, others may be putting you in a box without your knowing.(有时，别人可能会在你不知情的情况下，用标签将你框住。)”可知，全文围绕社会标签及其隐藏危害展开论述；C选项“Social Labels: Their Hidden Harm.(社会标签：其潜藏的危害。)”最能概括文章大意，适合用作标题。 Passage 2 In the world of professional sports, a single incorrect call can change the result of a match, a championship, and even a career. To fight against this, sports have increasingly turned to technology for objective truth. Foremost among these innovations is Hawk-Eye, a complex computer vision system used to visually track the movement of a ball and display a record of its statistically most likely path. First introduced in cricket in 2001 and later gaining fame in tennis, Hawk-Eye is now a familiar sight in over 20 sports, including football and volleyball. Its popularity has also led to widespread discussion: does this pursuit for accuracy come at a cost to the spirit of the game? The most celebrated advantage of Hawk-Eye is its contribution to fairness and accuracy. The system boasts an average margin of error (误差) of just 3.6 millimeters, a level of precision far beyond the capability of the human eye. Once days of debate are now often resolved in seconds. This not only ensures that results are more just but also reduces the pressure on officials. The result is a game where athletic performance, not human error, is the primary determinant of the outcome. Beyond it, Hawk-Eye has transformed the game-watching experience. Broadcasters use Hawk-Eye’s data to provide deeper analysis, showing viewers the placement of serves, the bounce of a cricket ball, or the shot patterns of a player. This presentation educates and engages the audience, turning a passive viewing experience into an interactive and analytical one. However, the introduction of Hawk-Eye is not without its drawbacks. The most significant barrier is its cost. Installing and maintaining the system requires a large financial investment. This creates a “technological gap,” where top competitions are played under different standards than lower or grassroots-level games. Critics argue this destroys the universal nature of sport. Another criticism centers on the disruption (破坏) of the game’s natural rhythm. In sports like tennis and volleyball, challenges can interrupt play, sometimes breaking a player’s pace. Meanwhile, the “human element,” with all its imperfections, is seen by some as a part of the sports drama. Finally, the system’s reliability is, in itself, a point of argument. While highly accurate, Hawk-Eye is not perfect. It is a statistical system but not an absolute measure. The 2020 “ghost goal” incident in an English football match served as a stark reminder of its limitations. This event highlighted the danger of placing blind faith in technology and reopened the debate about whether the final decision should always rest with the on-field official. 1．What’s the writing purpose of paragraph1? A．To introduce the topic. B．To give an example. C．To make a comparison. D．To reach a conclusion. 2．Which of the following is the greatest advantage of Hawk-Eye technology? A．Visualization B．Timeliness. C．Accuracy. D．Entertainment. 3．What is the author’s attitude towards Hawk-eye technology? A．Favorable. B．Supportive. C．Critical. D．Optimistic. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Hawk-eye technology — a double-edged sword in sports. B．Hawk-eye technology — a huge compromise of technology in sports. C．Hawk-eye technology — the perfect connection of technology and sports. D．Hawk-eye technology — a classic example of technology leading humanity. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了鹰眼技术在体育中的利弊。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“In the world of professional sports, a single incorrect call can change the result of a match, a championship, and even a career. To fight against this, sports have increasingly turned to technology for objective truth. Foremost among these innovations is Hawk-Eye(在职业体育界，一个错误的判罚可能会改变一场比赛、一个冠军甚至一个职业生涯的结果。为了应对这种情况，体育界越来越多地求助于技术来寻求客观真相。在这些创新中，鹰眼技术首当其冲)”可知，第一段通过介绍职业体育中判罚错误的问题，引出鹰眼技术这一话题。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The most celebrated advantage of Hawk-Eye is its contribution to fairness and accuracy. The system boasts an average margin of error (误差) of just 3.6 millimeters, a level of precision far beyond the capability of the human eye.(鹰眼技术最显著的优势在于它对公平性和准确性的贡献。该系统的平均误差仅为3.6毫米，精度远超人眼的能力。)”可知，鹰眼技术最大的优势是准确性。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The most celebrated advantage of Hawk-Eye is its contribution to fairness and accuracy. The system boasts an average margin of error (误差) of just 3.6 millimeters, a level of precision far beyond the capability of the human eye.(鹰眼技术最显著的优势在于它对公平性和准确性的贡献。该系统的平均误差仅为3.6毫米，精度远超人眼的能力。)”和第三段中“However, the introduction of Hawk-Eye is not without its drawbacks.(然而，鹰眼技术的引入并非没有缺点。)”以及第四段“Finally, the system’s reliability is, in itself, a point of argument.(最后，该系统的可靠性本身就是一个争论点。)”可知，作者既提到了鹰眼技术的优势，也指出了其缺点和争议，因此作者对鹰眼技术的态度是批判性的。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，文章首先介绍了鹰眼技术在体育界的应用，然后阐述了其优势，如公平性和准确性，接着指出了其缺点，如成本高、破坏比赛节奏等，最后提到了其可靠性问题。因此，文章主要讨论了鹰眼技术在体育界是一把双刃剑，既有优势也有劣势。“Hawk-eye technology — a double-edged sword in sports(鹰眼技术——体育运动中的一把双刃剑)”符合题意。故选A。 Passage 3 In the blink of an eye, artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly entered every walk of life, from self-driving taxis to software that reads X-rays, to virtual assistants that can schedule meetings and draft e-mails. However, will AI displace entire industries as mechanized factories did before? Like past world-changing tools such as mechanical cloth-making machines, AI is set to reshape the workplace greatly. But techno-pessimists argue AI’s impact has never been seen before. Economists estimate AI could rob 40% of jobs, with machines replacing much skilled human work and note that even remaining jobs may see declining wages due to reduced labor value. Amid these worries, 2024 Nobel Prize-winning economists Daron Acemoglu and Simon Johnson advise learning from David Ricardo’s flexible thinking about the early Industrial Revolution. In his work Principles of Political Economy and Taxation, economist Ricardo initially supported new spinning machines (纺纱机), believing they would promote productivity for all. Though home spinners were displaced, many shifted to weaving (织布). However, technology changed everything: one machine outperformed 10-20 handweavers, ending cottage industry. Displaced weavers had no choices as factories created few new jobs, leading to falling wages and social unrest. Witnessing these consequences, Ricardo transformed his view. His 1821 revised work acknowledged that factors boosting national income might also make population extra resources and worsen laborers’ conditions. England eventually learned from the struggles of handweavers and the working class. The government expanded political representation for industrial cities, passed the 1833 Factory Act to manage child labor, and ended the protectionist Corn Laws in the 1840s to lower food costs. The history repeats today. As the AI era approaches, Johnson notes that AI has attracted enormous talents, similar to the late-1990s Internet boom, but history — especially the Industrial Revolution — shows that “new miracle machines do not guarantee benefits for most people.” With thoughtful policies, AI can avoid repeating past mistakes and build an inclusive future. When technology is guided by wisdom and responsibility, it can become a powerful tool that lifts people up, reduces inequality, and brings greater opportunities to all. 1．Which question can paragraph 2 answer? A．How is AI to affect the work settings? B．Why has technology replaced human work? C．Who suffered most from the Industrial Revolution? D．What did cloth-making machines bring to workers? 2．Why did David Ricardo change his attitude? A．The closure of cottage industry. B．The appearance of spinning and weaving. C．The indifference of the government. D．The suffering of workers and the society. 3．What lesson can be learned from the text? A．Every step forward is progress. B．Technology makes the complex simple. C．History is where you find the future. D．With great power comes great responsibility. 4．What might be talked about following the last paragraph? A．Details of David Ricardo’s theories. B．Policy examples for guiding AI. C．The introduction of the Internet boom. D．The development of AI technology. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章结合工业革命历史及Ricardo的观点，探讨AI对职场的影响，指出需借助合理政策引导AI，避免重蹈历史覆辙。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Like past world-changing tools such as mechanical cloth-making machines, AI is set to reshape the workplace greatly.(就像过去的机械织布机等改变世界的工具一样，人工智能将极大地重塑工作场所。)”可知，第二段回答了第一段关于人工智能将如何影响工作环境这一问题。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Displaced weavers had no choices as factories created few new jobs, leading to falling wages and social unrest. Witnessing these consequences, Ricardo transformed his view.(由于工厂几乎没有创造新的就业岗位，失业的织工别无选择，导致工资下降和社会动荡。目睹了这些后果，Ricardo改变了他的观点。)”可知，工人与社会遭受的苦难让Ricardo改变了态度。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The history repeats today. As the AI era approaches, Johnson notes that AI has attracted enormous talents, similar to the late-1990s Internet boom, but history — especially the Industrial Revolution — shows that “new miracle machines do not guarantee benefits for most people.”(历史在今日重演。随着人工智能时代的到来，约翰逊指出，人工智能吸引了大批人才，这与上世纪90年代末的互联网热潮颇为相似，但历史 —— 尤其是工业革命的历史 —— 表明，“新的神奇机器并不能保证为大多数人带来福祉。”)”可知，我们能从历史中找到应对未来的启示。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“With thoughtful policies, AI can avoid repeating past mistakes and build an inclusive future.(通过深思熟虑的政策，人工智能可以避免重蹈覆辙，构建一个包容的未来。)”可知，下文最可能谈论引导人工智能发展的具体政策案例。故选B项。 Passage 4 Deep within your brain lies the nucleus accumbens (伏隔核), a key part of the reward system (奖励系统) that release dopamine (多巴胺) to encourage behavior. Companies are now spending huge amounts of money to take control of this system with “digital dopamine (数字多巴胺)” — delivered through hard-to-resist apps like social media and online gambling. This creates a divide in society: an immediate-satisfaction online world where money is made but little meaning is found, and a shrinking real-life space where true meaning is built. The situation is likely to get worse with the Al development, which will make consumer technology even more obsessive. We can see the warning in the difficult situation of teenagers, particularly young men, whose developing brains make them easily influenced. Society is directing them toward digital rewards that require no real-life effort, harming their development in both work and relationships. We must take action in two areas. Online, we should treat these apps as the dangers they are. The Consumer Product Safety Commission could require child-safe designs and warning labels. App developers must be told to share unnamed user information with scientists to study the effects of their products, making addictive computer programs open rather than company secrets. In real life, we must make the physical world more satisfying. We need to develop an economy that builds things up like Legos, rather than just takes like Monopoly, by creating jobs with meaning and purpose. This includes putting money into “hard tech” that solves real-world problems and setting up 1,000 new vocational schools to attract the next generation, particularly young men, to build and create in the real world. Finally, we must demand that our public values and technology support standards of personal and national improvement, rather than undermining them for profit. 1．What are companies trying to control by spending large amounts of money? A．The development of new technology. B．The brain’s reward system. C．Social media platforms. D．Teenagers’ online behavior. 2．What does the underlined word “obsessive” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Awful B．informative. C．addictive. D．diverse. 3．How does the author mainly describe the solution to digital addict? A．By showing scientific analyses. B．By presenting a concept. C．By explaining a theory. D．By giving examples. 4．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．Digital Divide: The Corporate Takeover of Our Reward System B．Controlling the Reward System: The Dangers of Social Media and Gambling C．The Brain’s Reward System: From Nucleus Accumbens to a Divided Society D．Digital Dopamine: A Two-Sided Solution for Reclaiming Our Lives 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。介绍了企业利用“数字多巴胺”操控人类大脑奖励系统，导致人们沉迷网络、现实生活空间萎缩的问题，并从网络监管和现实生活建设两方面提出了解决方案，呼吁让科技服务于个人与国家发展而非单纯逐利。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Deep within your brain lies the nucleus accumbens, a key part of the reward system that releases dopamine to encourage behavior. Companies are now spending huge amounts of money to take control of this system with “digital dopamine” — delivered through hard-to-resist apps like social media and online gambling.(在你的大脑深处有伏隔核，它是奖励系统的关键部分，会释放多巴胺以激励行为。企业如今正投入巨额资金，通过‘数字多巴胺’控制这一系统——通过那些难以抗拒的应用程序（如社交媒体和在线赌博）来实现。)”可知，公司投入巨资试图控制大脑的奖励系统。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“The situation is likely to get worse with the AI development, which will make consumer technology even more obsessive.(随着人工智能的发展，这种情况可能会变得更糟，这将使消费类科技变得更加obsessive。)”并结合第一段“Deep within your brain lies the nucleus accumbens, a key part of the reward system that releases dopamine to encourage behavior. Companies are now spending huge amounts of money to take control of this system with “digital dopamine” — delivered through hard-to-resist apps like social media and online gambling.(在你的大脑深处有伏隔核，它是奖励系统的关键部分，会释放多巴胺以激励行为。企业如今正投入巨额资金，通过‘数字多巴胺’控制这一系统——通过那些难以抗拒的应用程序（如社交媒体和在线赌博）来实现。)”可知，数字多巴胺让人难以抗拒、使消费类科技变得更令人沉迷。obsessive意为“使人上瘾的、令人沉迷的”。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The Consumer Product Safety Commission could require child-safe designs and warning labels.(美国消费品安全委员会可能会要求采用儿童安全设计并贴上警告标签。)”和第四段中“We need to develop an economy that builds things up like Legos, rather than just takes like Monopoly, by creating jobs with meaning and purpose. This includes putting money into “hard tech” that solves real-world problems and setting up 1,000 new vocational schools to attract the next generation, particularly young men, to build and create in the real world.(我们需要发展一种能像乐高积木一样构建出各种事物的经济模式，而非像大富翁游戏那样只是掠夺资源。这种经济模式应通过创造有意义且有目标的工作岗位来实现。这包括将资金投入到能够解决实际问题的‘硬科技’领域，并建立 1000 所新的职业学校，以吸引下一代人群，尤其是年轻男性，投身于现实世界的建设和创造之中。)”等内容可知，作者主要通过列举具体事例来描述解决数字成瘾的方案。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕数字多巴胺带来的问题展开，并从网络和现实两方面提出了解决方案，旨在重塑我们的生活。选项D“数字多巴胺：重塑我们生活的双面解决方案”符合主题，适合用作标题，故选D。 Passage 5 The toy industry is pushing forward with AI chatbots built into stuffed animals and mini robots. These toys are flexible enough to conduct limited conversations with children and to respond to them just as they finish talking. Are these interactions enough to provide the “personalized education” one company claimed? Will toys like Curio’s Grem help or harm children’s language development? The more language that is addressed to children, the bigger their vocabulary will be. But these vocabulary words are not learned because they were spoken out of context, as current AI-infused toys do, but from caregivers who make the words come alive. Research shows that chatbot talk is unlikely to improve young children’s language outcomes. In fact, if allowed to replace conversations with caregivers, these toys may impede children’s language learning. When a caregiver describes something that a child is interested in, children can learn its name. A chatbot is less able to teach children about their environments because it cannot see and describe a toy the child is holding. Even if it could see, it does not have prior knowledge about the toys a child owns. Language skills do not grow from simply hearing lots of words — they grow from hearing words in conversations that capture the child’s attention. Finally, children are also seeking further information about the sounds of their language. The caregivers’ repetition of the word emphasizes its name while also giving the child more information about the sound of the word. If the child mispronounces the word, the caregiver will likely emphasize the correct pronunciation. Commercially available chatbots can’t reliably do this. Quality language expands on what toddlers (学步的儿童) know, takes the child’s perspective and past history into consideration, and responds to children’s questions. We have seen some work that shows social robots can help preschool children learn vocabulary, and that conversational agents who ask older children to respond to educational television programs can help children learn. However, we need more research to know the effects these robots have on babies’ and toddlers’ language learning. Until that happens, we believe that the humans in toddlers’ lives are responsible for conducting the conversations that grow children’s language. As a researcher and his teammates state, “Our babies shouldn’t be lab mice for toy companies.” 1．What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To point out a problem. B．To present a phenomenon. C．To put forward the viewpoint. D．To introduce the topic. 2．What does the underlined word “impede” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Prevent. B．Facilitate. C．Secure. D．Maintain. 3．What can a caregiver do to help children learn a language? A．Provide interaction in context. B．Emphasize their names. C．Weaken their attention. D．Repeat grammar rules. 4．Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A．Is It Necessary to Interact with Caregivers? B．Will AI-Powered Toys Be a New Toy Trend? C．Are Caregivers the Secret to Kids’ Overall Development? D．Can AI-Powered Toys Help Toddlers Learn Language? 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨内置AI的智能玩具是否能促进幼儿语言学习，并指出成人陪伴交流的不可替代性。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The toy industry is pushing forward with AI chatbots built into stuffed animals and mini robots. These toys are flexible enough to conduct limited conversations with children and to respond to them just as they finish talking. Are these interactions enough to provide the “personalized education” one company claimed? Will toys like Curio’s Grem help or harm children’s language development? (玩具行业正在大力推进将AI聊天机器人内置到毛绒玩具和小型机器人中。这类玩具能够灵活地与孩子进行有限对话，并在孩子说完话后及时回应。这些互动是否足以实现某家公司所宣称的“个性化教育”？像库里奥的格雷姆这样的玩具对儿童的语言发展是有益还是有害？)”可知，第一段先介绍AI智能玩具的现象，再提出相关疑问，目的是引出文章话题。故选D项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Research shows that chatbot talk is unlikely to improve young children’s language outcomes. In fact, if allowed to replace conversations with caregivers, these toys may impede children’s language learning.(研究表明，聊天机器人的对话不太可能改善幼儿的语言能力。事实上，如果用这些玩具替代与看护者的交流，它们可能会impede儿童的语言学习。)”可知，前一句指出聊天机器人无法提升孩子语言能力，后一句用“in fact”进一步说明负面影响，因此“impede”表示“阻碍、阻止”，与prevent含义一致。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But these vocabulary words are not learned because they were spoken out of context, as current AI-infused toys do, but from caregivers who make the words come alive.(但这些词汇并非像当前AI玩具那样脱离语境习得，而是通过看护者让词汇变得生动鲜活而学会的。)”和第三段中的“Language skills do not grow from simply hearing lots of words — they grow from hearing words in conversations that capture the child’s attention.(语言技能并非单纯通过听大量单词形成，而是源于在能吸引孩子注意力的对话中聆听词汇。)”可知，看护者能提供语境化的互动来帮助孩子学习语言。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Will toys like Curio’s Grem help or harm children’s language development?(像库里奥的格雷姆这样的玩具对儿童的语言发展是有益还是有害？)”和后文围绕AI玩具对幼儿语言学习的作用展开论述可知，文章核心探讨AI智能玩具能否帮助幼儿学习语言，所以“人工智能玩具能帮助幼儿学习语言吗？”可以概括文章主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $