Unit 2 语法易错+巩固练习（导学案）四年级英语暑假自学课（人教PEP版·新教材）

人教PEP版新四年级暑期自学课 Unit 2 My friends 语法易错+巩固练习 语法易错01 语法点拨：人称代词与物主代词 一、人称代词的概念及用法 1. 人称代词是一类代词，用于代替具体的人或事物。 2. 用法：一个句子的主语用人称代词主格；如果是介词或动词后需要用人称代词宾格形式。 二、物主代词的概念及用法 1. 物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，也叫人称代词的所有格。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 2. 用法： (1) 形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特性，用在名词前，起修饰作用，表示 “某人的”。 例：This is my book. 这是我的书。 (2) 名词性物主代词：起名词的作用，相当于 “形容词性物主代词 + 名词”。 例：This book is mine. 这本书是我的。= This is my book. 这是我的书。 注意： 如果名词前用了形容词性物主代词，就不能再用冠词 (a, an, the) 或指示代词 (this, that, these, those) 等词。 三、分类： 人称 单复数 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一 人称 单数 I me my mine 复数 we us our ours 第二 人称 单数 you you your yours 复数 you you your yours 第三 人称 单数 he him his his she her her hers it it its its 复数 they them their theirs 知识演练一 一、选词填空。 1．—Are (you / your) Miss White?  —Yes, (I / me) am. 2．—I’m Joe. What’s (yours / your) name? — (I / My) name is Mike. 3． (We / Our) are good friends. 4． (Their / They) are my parents. I often cook with (them / they). 5．These toys are (mine / my). 6．This book isn’t (yours / your). It is (her / hers). 二、用人称代词或物主代词补全短文。 This is John. 7. is my good friend. 8. hair is short. He has a sister. 9. name is Cindy. 10. is short and thin. 11. is very friendly. 语法易错02 语法点拨：一般现在时 知识演练二 一、定义 表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作（按时间规律发生的事件）。 二、基本用法 · 表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 · 表示客观真理、客观事实和科学事实。 · 表示格言或警句。 · 表示现在时刻的状态、能力、性格和个性。 · 在时间和条件状语从句中代替一般将来时。 三、时间状语 always（总是）, often（经常）, usually（通常）, sometimes（有时）, every day（每天）, in the morning（在早上）, on Sundays（在周日）。 例句：We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们周一到周五上学。 He often does his homework in the evening. 他经常在晚上做家庭作业。 四、一般现在时的句式结构 1. 当主语是第三人称单数时，动词变成相应的第三人称单数形式。 ①肯定句：主语 + 动词的第三人称单数形式 + 其他。 例：Mike runs fast. 迈克跑得很快。 ②否定句：主语 + doesn't + 动词原形 + 其他。 例：She doesn't play football. 她不踢足球。 ③一般疑问句：Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 回答：肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + does. / 否定回答：No, 主语 + doesn't. 例：—Does he like apples? 他喜欢苹果吗？ —Yes, he does. 是的，他喜欢。 / No, he doesn't. 不，他不喜欢。 2. 当主语不是第三人称单数时，动词使用原形。 ①肯定句：主语 + 动词原形 + 其他。 例：I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽车去上学。 ②否定句：主语 + don't + 动词原形 + 其他。 例：You don't eat ice cream. 你不吃冰激凌。 ③一般疑问句：Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 回答：肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + do. / 否定回答：No, 主语 + don't. 例：—Do they water the flowers? 他们浇花吗？ —Yes, they do. 是的，他们浇花。 / No, they don't. 不，他们不浇花。 3. 动词第三人称单数变化规则。 ①一般在动词的词尾加s。 like→likes look→looks ②以ch、sh、s、x及辅音字母加o结尾，词尾加es。 teach→teaches wash→washes do→does ③以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i，再加es。 study→studies fly→flies cry→cries 知识演练二 一、用do或does的适当形式填空。 1．— you like dogs and cats?  —Yes, I . 2．— she play basketball?  —No, she . 3．— Mike and Tom play football after school?  —No, they . 4．— they eat apples every day?  —Yes, they . 二、根据图片和首字母提示，补全句子。 5．She often s the floor at home. 6．He often f a kite after school. 7．We c the room together. 8．I often c with my father. 9．Longlong r books with his cousin. 三、句型转换。 10．I have dinner at home. (改为否定句) I _______ _______ dinner at home. 11．Tom likes Chinese storybooks. (改为否定句) Tom _______ _______ Chinese storybooks. 12．My mother often reads books. (改为一般疑问句) _______ _______ mother often _______ books? 13．My friend plays chess with her parents. (改为my friends 作主语) _______ _______ _______ chess with _______ parents. 重难点特训 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1．The girl ______ long hair is my sister. A．with B．has C．have ( ) 2．—______? —Chen Jie. She often helps me. A．What’s her job B．Who’s your best friend C．What can she do ( ) 3．—______ your best friend? —Lily. A．What’s B．Who’s C．Where’s ( ) 4．I have a new friend. He ______ tall and strong. He ______ blue eyes. A．is; have B．are; has C．is; has ( ) 5．He ______ me with Chinese. A．helps B．to C．help ( ) 6．______ name is Jack. A．her B．He C．His ( ) 7．—What’s your ______ name? —Mike. A．friend B．friends’ C．friend’s ( ) 8．I like Lei Feng. He often ______ people. A．help B．helps C．plays ( ) 9．I help my friend ______ English. A．at B．with C．for ( ) 10．My ______ are cute and kind. A．friend B．friends C．friends’ 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．Mike often (do) sports. 2．He always (help) me with my English. 3．My sister has two (friend) in her new class. 4．I have a new friend. (he) name is Li Ming. 5．Liu Jia often (read) books with me. 三、连词成句。 1．friend, is, best, Who, your (?) 2．He, me, English, with, helps (.) 3．reads, with, She, me, books (.) 4．he, me, makes, often, smile (.) 5．is, tall, she, strong, and (.) 四、Wu Binbin向大家介绍自己的新朋友——Gao Xiaoxin，根据短文内容，选择合适的单词，将其字母序号写在横线上。 I have a new friend. His name is Gao Xiaoxin. He is tall and 1. (A．strong  B．short). He has a blue schoolbag. What’s in it? A notebook, two 2. (A．storybooks  B．storybook), a maths book a, a Chinese book and 3. (A．an  B．a) English book. Gao Xiaoxin likes beef noodles. He can use chopsticks. 4. (A．Are  B．Is) he in the living room? No, he is in the bedroom. His father is a doctor. His mother is a nurse. They like reading books in the 5. (A．kitchen  B．study). 五、读对话，选择合适的选项。 A．He is my friend too. B．A boy or a girl? C．Yes, he is. D．He has short hair and two big eyes. E．Where is he from? Amy: Hi, Sarah. I have a new friend. Sarah: Really? 1. Amy: A boy. Sarah: 2. Amy: He is from the USA．He is tall and strong. Sarah: What’s your friend’s name? Amy: Guess! 3. Sarah: Is he Tom? Amy: 4. Sarah: 5. He often helps me with English. 六、请根据图片和首字母提示，补全描述他们相处活动的单词。 Mike is my best friend. He is tall and thin. He often 1.r 2.b with me. And I help him with 3.C . I often 4.p 5.g with him. We 6.p 7.f together. We always have fun. 七、根据Mike为朋友做的思维导图，判断句子正子正(T)误(F)。 ( ) 1．James is Mike’s best friend. ( ) 2．James is tall and thin. He has short hair. ( ) 3．James is kind. He helps Mike with English. ( ) 4．Mike and James often read books together. ( ) 5．James often plays football with Mike. 八、根据老师给出的提示词和例子，完成对话。 Lucy, tall, help me 例： —Who’s your best friend? —Lucy. She is tall. She often helps me. Joe, strong, play football —_______________________________ —_______________________________ 参考答案 知识演练一： 1．you;I 2．your;My 3．We 4．They;them 5．mine 6．yours;hers 7．He 8．His 9．Her 10．She 11．She 知识演练二： 1．Do;do 2．Does;doesn’t 3．Do;don’t 4．Do;do 5．sweeps/weeps 6．flies/lies 7．clean/lean 8．cook/ook 9．reads/eads 10．don’t;have 11．doesn’t;like 12．Does;your;read 13．My;friends;play;their 重难点特训： 一、单项选择。 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．B 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．does 2．helps 3．friends 4．His 5．reads 三、连词成句。 1．Who is your best friend? 2．He helps me with my English. 3．She read books with me. 4．He often makes me smile. 5．She is tall and strong. 四、Wu Binbin向大家介绍自己的新朋友——Gao Xiaoxin，根据短文内容，选择合适的单词，将其字母序号写在横线上。 1．A 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．B 五、读对话，选择合适的选项。 1．B 2．E 3．D 4．C 5．A 六、请根据图片和首字母提示，补全描述他们相处活动的单词。 1．read/eads 2．books/ooks 3．Chinese/hinese 4．play/lay 5．games/ames 6．play/lay 7．football/ootball 七、根据Mike为朋友做的思维导图，判断句子正子正(T)误(F)。 1．T 2．F 3．F 4．T 5．F 八、根据老师给出的提示词和例子，完成对话。 Who’s your best friend? Joe. He is strong. He often plays football with me. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司第 1 页 共 2 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $