Unit 6 课时2 Understanding ideas（Reading Ⅱ）（分层作业）英语新教材外研版八年级下册

**基本信息** 以“人与自然”为主题，通过“核心知识速记-基础达标-能力提升-拓展培优-思维进阶”五级分层设计，实现从词汇、句型到语篇的知识巩固与语言能力、思维品质的递进培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |核心知识速记|单元核心词汇、短语及词形变化|直接呈现基础语言知识，为后续练习奠基，强化语言能力基础积累| |基础达标|短语及句型应用（even though等）|结合主题的基础句型填空，聚焦单一知识点运用，巩固语言知识记忆| |能力提升|语法知识（冠词、时态等）与语篇理解|自然现象语篇（如石头河）的语法选择与完形填空，培养语法综合运用及思维分析能力| |拓展培优|细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断|真实自然情境阅读（如死海、摄影师经历），提升信息获取能力与文化意识| |思维进阶|语篇结构与词汇运用|“人与自然和谐相处”主题七选五及三江源短文填空，培养逻辑思维与学习能力|

Unit 6 Living with nature 课时2 Understanding ideas（Reading Ⅱ）分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 energetic/ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的 beekeeping/ˈbiːkiːpɪŋ/ n. 养蜂业 短语 even though 即使 on the sea 海上 by doing 通过做某事 the laws of nature 自然规律 according to据......所示,按......所说 be good/harmful for...对......有好处/有害 词形变化 energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的-energy n.能量,精力,活力 一、完成句子 1．即使任务很困难，我们也不会放弃保护野生动物。 ________ ________the task is difficult, we will not give up protecting wild animals. 2．By ________ and ________ calligraphy, we can better ________ Chinese culture and its values. 通过练习和欣赏书法，我们能更好地了解中国文化及其价值观。 3．根据这份报告，污染状况正在改善。 ________ ________ the report, pollution is improving. 4．过多的屏幕时间对你的健康有害。 Too much screen time is ________ ________ your health. 5．科学家们研究自然规律以了解世界。(the laws of nature) Scientists study ________ ________ ________ ________ to understand the world 一、语法选择 Many people may see lots of rivers in their lives, but few have heard of the Stone Rivers. Actually, the Big Stone River is 1 amazing natural wonder. The Big Stone River is a sight 2 than any other sights of Taganai National Park in Russia. 3 no running water. But when we stand near the rocky river, we can 4 hear the sound of running water. The Big Stone River is about 6 kilometres long, 5 it is made up of (由……组成) many small rocky rivers. It is about 200 metres wide on average, and it is up to 700 metres wide in some 6 . Some of the rocks weigh up to 10 tons each. That makes it almost impossible for plants to grow in this rocky area. According to scientists, 7 was the result of the movement of glaciers (冰川) about 10,000 years ago. 8 the tops of the mountains, ice covered them during that time. As the ice melted (融化), the rocks 9 down from the mountains slowly and formed the river of rocks. Seeing the amazing river is a wonderful experience. Thousands of travelers come here 10 it every year. 1．A．the B．a C．an 2．A．interesting B．more interesting C．the most interesting 3．A．There is B．There are C．There was 4．A．clear B．clearly C．clearness 5．A．and B．or C．although 6．A．place B．places C．place’s 7．A．it B．its C．itself 8．A．For B．About C．At 9．A．fall B．fell C．will fall 10．A．enjoy B．enjoying C．to enjoy 二、完形填空 The Amazon is the world’s second longest river. It is about 6, 400 kilometres long, just about 250 kilometres 1 than the Nile, but it is one of the widest rivers on earth. It provides South America with lots of 2 . The Amazon is part of a large area called the Amazon Rain Forest that has a lot of plants and animals. In some places, the plants are so thick that sunlight can’t reach the rainforest 3 . The famous explorer Francisco de Orellana gave the river its name. At that time, he and his team met a group of wild women. They made 4 think of an old story about the brave Amazons. Perhaps in order to tell later 5 about these wild women, he named the river the Amazon. The Amazon River is not just a river; it is an important part of the world’s largest rainforest. Thousands of kinds of fish 6 here. The rainforest also has millions of trees. This is 7 people call it the “lungs of the earth”. However, the Amazon faces big danger. Every year, people 8 trees for farms and buildings. Pollution from factories and plastic waste also harms the river. Scientists say we must protect the Amazon now, 9 we will lose its beauty and resources forever. What can we do? 10 actions like saving water, recycling, and learning about the rainforest can help. Remember, the Amazon is not just South America’s treasure— it belongs to all of us. 1．A．longer B．wider C．deeper D．shorter 2．A．sand B．water C．sunlight D．air 3．A．pool B．cliff C．floor D．level 4．A．him B．her C．them D．it 5．A．inventors B．climbers C．travelers D．swimmers 6．A．live B．play C．eat D．enter 7．A．when B．why C．how D．what 8．A．put down B．take down C．turn down D．cut down 9．A．and B．but C．or D．so 10．A．Successful B．Simple C．Natural D．Harmful 三、阅读理解 A As a nature photographer, I have to face the wind and the rain bravely, but I still enjoy working outside in the wild. One of the best things about this job is: You can observe (观察) animals in their natural environment. My favourite place to take photos is Yellowstone National Park. As the world’s first national park, Yellowstone is famous for the variety (种类) of its wildlife, but it is probably best known for its bears. These huge, strong animals can live for about 20 years. Despite a weight of up to 300 pounds, they can run at a speed of around 64 kilometres per hour and are also excellent swimmers. Last spring in Yellowstone, I followed a path that took me through a dark forest. When I finally stepped out of the trees, the view was breathtaking. An eagle (雕) flew over the mountains. They were reflected in the lake below. While I was photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly felt that I was being watched. Slowly, and with the camera still held to my eye, I turned … and froze. Only metres away from me was a bear. With water falling off its thick, brown hair, the bear stared back at me. Time stood still as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first. My legs started shaking. Somehow, I forced (强迫) my finger to press the button. A second later, the bear turned and ran back into the forest. When I recovered from the shock, I looked at my camera. My most frightening but magical experience was now kept forever in a single image. From time to time, I look at the photo as a reminder to show respect to all animals. It is after all we who are the visitors to their world. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about the bears in the passage? A．They have a weight of up to 30 pounds. B．They are huge but good at swimming. C．They are strong and can live for at least 30 years. D．They can swim at a speed of 64 kilometres per hour. 2．What does the underlined word “breathtaking” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．excellent B．scary C．interesting D．shocking 3．Which is the right order of the following? a. I felt I was being watched. b. I admired the landscape. c. I took a photo of the bear. d. The bear ran away. e. I walked through a forest. f. I saw a bear. A．eabcdf B．eabfdc C．ebfadc D．ebafcd 4．According to the passage, what does the writer suggest towards wildlife? A．Love. B．Caring. C．Respect. D．Hunt. B The Dead Sea is not a real sea. It is a large salt lake. It is in western Asia, between Jordan (约旦) and other countries. It is very special. It is the lowest place on Earth’s land. Its surface is about 416 meters below sea level. The Dead Sea is long and not very wide. It is about 86 kilometers long and 5 to 18 kilometers wide. The Jordan River runs into it. But no rivers run out of the Dead Sea. The water here is very salty. It is much saltier than other sea water. That’s why most fish and plants cannot live in it. Only some very small living things can live here. So people call it “the Dead Sea”. The salty water makes people float (漂浮) easily. You do not need to swim. You can just lie on the water and read a book! Many visitors come here every year to enjoy this great feeling. The Dead Sea mud (泥) is also very good for the skin, so many people like to take mud baths here. But the Dead Sea is facing problems now. Its water is becoming smaller and smaller. People take too much water from the Jordan River for farming and everyday use. The warm weather also makes the water decrease less quickly. We must try to protect this great natural wonder. 1．What is the Dead Sea according to the passage? A．A clean sea with many fish. B．A large salt lake in western Asia. C．A long river with little water. D．A small lake with cold water. 2．Why is the Dead Sea special in the world? A．Because it is the hottest place on Earth. B．Because it is the longest river in Asia. C．Because it has the most fish in the world. D．Because it is the lowest place on Earth’ land. 3．Why do people call it the “Dead Sea”? A．Because it is too cold for animals. B．Because there is no salt in its water. C．Because almost no visitors go there. D．Because most fish and plants can’t live in it. 4．What can people do easily in the Dead Sea? A．Swim fast like in a pool. B．Catch different kinds of fish. C．Float on the water freely. D．Grow vegetables near it. 四、七选五 Living in harmony with nature means respecting its laws and using its resources wisely. 1 It is an ancient water system that allows people to survive in one of the hottest and driest places in China. By channeling water from the mountains through underground canals, the karez system respects the natural flow of water and provides life for the people of Turpan. 2 Today, we face many environmental challenges, such as climate change and water shortages. 3 We must respect its laws, protect its resources, and use our knowledge to create sustainable solutions for the future. Living in harmony with nature is not just about protecting the environment. 4 It is about ensuring a better future for ourselves and for generations to come. 5 Every action we take to respect nature helps us move closer to a sustainable future. A．The karez system in Turpan is a perfect example of this. B．However, by learning from examples like the karez system, we can find ways to live in harmony with nature. C．It is also about understanding our place in the natural world and our responsibility to protect it. D．We can learn to use nature’s resources in a wise and sustainable way. E．The karez system is only useful for ancient people and has no place in modern society. F．Living in harmony with nature is a journey that requires constant learning and action. G．We can ignore nature’s laws and do whatever we want. 五、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词（每空不超过2个词），使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Do you know the largest nature park in China? It is Sanjiangyuan National Park on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原). “Sanjiangyuan” 1 (mean) the headwaters of China’s three great rivers: the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Lancang River. The Yangtze River is the longest of the three. Sanjiangyuan is famous 2 the beautiful scenery. It’s called the Water Tower of China or even Asia because there are lots of rivers, lakes, and wetlands. All the people living around it depend on its rich 3 (nature) resources (资源). However, with the global warming and human activities, the place was once in great danger. Life there was also much 4 (difficult) for both animals and humans than that in other places. To stop things from 5 (get) worse, our government has taken many measures, such as building Sanjiangyuan National Park. Many people joined the environmental protection club. The club advised the members 6 (start) a WeChat group and invite other people to join in. This was a great idea. It allowed more and more people to meet each other online 7 talk about how to protect the environment. Now, people there are living in peace with nature. Our country is trying 8 (it) best to make Sanjiangyuan National Park one of the most famous 9 (park) all over the world. I believe in the future the park will be 10 window to show Chinese scenic beauty to the outside. 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Living with nature 课时2 Understanding ideas（Reading Ⅱ）分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 energetic/ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的 beekeeping/ˈbiːkiːpɪŋ/ n. 养蜂业 短语 even though 即使 on the sea 海上 by doing 通过做某事 the laws of nature 自然规律 according to据......所示,按......所说 be good/harmful for...对......有好处/有害 词形变化 energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的-energy n.能量,精力,活力 一、完成句子 1．即使任务很困难，我们也不会放弃保护野生动物。 ________ ________the task is difficult, we will not give up protecting wild animals. 【答案】Even if 【详解】原句中“即使”是关键词，“即使”对应的英文为even if，位于句首首字母需大写。故填Even if。 2．By ________ and ________ calligraphy, we can better ________ Chinese culture and its values. 通过练习和欣赏书法，我们能更好地了解中国文化及其价值观。 【答案】 practicing enjoying understand 【详解】原句中有三个关键词需要翻译：  “练习”对应的英文表达是“practice”。由于前面有介词By，介词后接动词时需要用动名词形式（即-ing形式），所以填practicing。 “欣赏”对应的英文表达是“enjoy”。同理，它与practicing并列，都跟在介词By后面，也需要用动名词形式，所以填enjoying。 “了解”对应的英文表达是“understand”。此处位于情态动词can之后，需要用动词原形，所以填understand。 3．根据这份报告，污染状况正在改善。 ________ ________ the report, pollution is improving. 【答案】According to 【详解】原句中“根据”是关键词，在英语中“according to”是一个固定短语，意为“根据；按照”，可以用来引出依据或信息来源，且位于句首，“According”的首字母要大写。 4．过多的屏幕时间对你的健康有害。 Too much screen time is ________ ________ your health. 【答案】 harmful to 【详解】原句中“对……有害”是关键词，表示“对……有害”的短语是be harmful to。 5．科学家们研究自然规律以了解世界。(the laws of nature) Scientists study ________ ________ ________ ________ to understand the world 【答案】the laws of nature 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，自然规律：the laws of nature，固定搭配，需加定冠词the；故填the laws of nature 一、语法选择 Many people may see lots of rivers in their lives, but few have heard of the Stone Rivers. Actually, the Big Stone River is 1 amazing natural wonder. The Big Stone River is a sight 2 than any other sights of Taganai National Park in Russia. 3 no running water. But when we stand near the rocky river, we can 4 hear the sound of running water. The Big Stone River is about 6 kilometres long, 5 it is made up of (由……组成) many small rocky rivers. It is about 200 metres wide on average, and it is up to 700 metres wide in some 6 . Some of the rocks weigh up to 10 tons each. That makes it almost impossible for plants to grow in this rocky area. According to scientists, 7 was the result of the movement of glaciers (冰川) about 10,000 years ago. 8 the tops of the mountains, ice covered them during that time. As the ice melted (融化), the rocks 9 down from the mountains slowly and formed the river of rocks. Seeing the amazing river is a wonderful experience. Thousands of travelers come here 10 it every year. 1．A．the B．a C．an 2．A．interesting B．more interesting C．the most interesting 3．A．There is B．There are C．There was 4．A．clear B．clearly C．clearness 5．A．and B．or C．although 6．A．place B．places C．place’s 7．A．it B．its C．itself 8．A．For B．About C．At 9．A．fall B．fell C．will fall 10．A．enjoy B．enjoying C．to enjoy 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了俄罗斯塔加奈国家公园的 “大石河”，这是一处由冰川运动形成的独特自然奇观，没有水流却能听到水声，吸引了大量游客前来观赏。 【详解】1．句意：实际上，大石河是一个令人惊叹的自然奇观。 此处表示“一个”，为泛指，且amazing以元音音素开头，故填an。 1．句意：大石河比俄罗斯塔加奈国家公园的其他任何景点都更有趣。 句中出现“than”表示比较，需使用形容词的比较级。 2．句意：这条河没有流动的水。 此处为there be句型，主语“no running water”为不可数名词，描述客观事实用一般现在时。 3．句意：但当我们站在岩石河附近时，我们能清楚地听到流水的声音。 此处修饰动词“hear”，需使用副词形式。 4．句意：大石河大约有6公里长，并且它由许多小石河组成。 前后两个分句为并列关系，需使用并列连词。 5．句意：它平均宽约200米，在某些地方宽达700米。 some后接可数名词复数。 6．句意：根据科学家的说法，它是大约一万年前冰川运动的结果。 此处指代前文提到的 “大石河”，在句中作主语，故用it。 7．句意：在山顶上，那段时间被冰覆盖。 “at the top of”为固定搭配，表示 “在…… 的顶部”。 8．句意：随着冰融化，岩石慢慢地从山上落下，形成了岩石河。 此处描述过去发生的动作，需使用一般过去时，“fall” 的过去式为 “fell”。 9．句意：每年都有成千上万的游客来这里欣赏它。 此处用不定式作目的状语，表示 “来这里” 的目的。 二、完形填空 The Amazon is the world’s second longest river. It is about 6, 400 kilometres long, just about 250 kilometres 1 than the Nile, but it is one of the widest rivers on earth. It provides South America with lots of 2 . The Amazon is part of a large area called the Amazon Rain Forest that has a lot of plants and animals. In some places, the plants are so thick that sunlight can’t reach the rainforest 3 . The famous explorer Francisco de Orellana gave the river its name. At that time, he and his team met a group of wild women. They made 4 think of an old story about the brave Amazons. Perhaps in order to tell later 5 about these wild women, he named the river the Amazon. The Amazon River is not just a river; it is an important part of the world’s largest rainforest. Thousands of kinds of fish 6 here. The rainforest also has millions of trees. This is 7 people call it the “lungs of the earth”. However, the Amazon faces big danger. Every year, people 8 trees for farms and buildings. Pollution from factories and plastic waste also harms the river. Scientists say we must protect the Amazon now, 9 we will lose its beauty and resources forever. What can we do? 10 actions like saving water, recycling, and learning about the rainforest can help. Remember, the Amazon is not just South America’s treasure— it belongs to all of us. 1．A．longer B．wider C．deeper D．shorter 2．A．sand B．water C．sunlight D．air 3．A．pool B．cliff C．floor D．level 4．A．him B．her C．them D．it 5．A．inventors B．climbers C．travelers D．swimmers 6．A．live B．play C．eat D．enter 7．A．when B．why C．how D．what 8．A．put down B．take down C．turn down D．cut down 9．A．and B．but C．or D．so 10．A．Successful B．Simple C．Natural D．Harmful 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了亚马孙河的长度、特点、名称由来，以及它所在雨林的生态价值与面临的危机，呼吁人们保护亚马孙。 1．句意：它长约6400公里，比尼罗河短约250公里，但它是地球上最宽的河流之一。 shorter意为“更短的”，根据前文“世界第二长河”，可知它比第一长河尼罗河短，符合语境。longer“更长的”，wider“更宽的”，deeper“更深的”，均不符合。 2．句意：它为南美洲提供了大量的水。 water意为“水”，河流的主要功能是提供水源，符合语境。sand“沙子”，sunlight“阳光”，air“空气”，均不符合。 3．句意：在一些地方，植物非常茂密，阳光无法到达雨林的地面。 floor意为“地面”，the rainforest floor表示“雨林地面”，符合植物遮挡阳光的语境。pool“池塘”，cliff“悬崖”，level“水平”，均不符合。 4．句意：她们让他想起了一个关于勇敢的亚马孙女战士的古老故事。 him意为“他”，指代前文的探险家Francisco de Orellana，符合语境。her“她”，them“他们”，it“它”，均不符合。 5．句意：也许为了告诉后来的旅行者这些野女人的事，他把这条河命名为亚马孙。 travelers意为“旅行者”，探险家命名河流是为了让后来的人了解相关故事，符合语境。inventors“发明家”，climbers“登山者”，swimmers“游泳者”，均不符合。 6．句意：成千上万种鱼生活在这里。 live意为“生活”，fish live here表示“鱼生活在这里”，符合河流生态的语境。play“玩耍”，eat“吃”，enter“进入”，均不符合。 7．句意：这就是为什么人们称它为“地球之肺”。 why意为“为什么”，This is why...表示“这就是为什么……”，解释雨林被称为“地球之肺”的原因，符合语境。when“什么时候”，how“如何”，what“什么”，均不符合。 8．句意：每年，人们砍伐树木来建造农场和房屋。 cut down意为“砍伐”，cut down trees表示“砍伐树木”，符合人类破坏雨林的行为。put down“放下”，take down“取下”，turn down“调低”，均不符合。 9．句意：科学家说我们现在必须保护亚马孙，否则我们将永远失去它的美丽和资源。 or意为“否则”，引导结果状语从句，表示不保护的后果，符合语境。and“和”，but“但是”，so“所以”，均不符合。 10．句意：像节约用水、回收利用和了解雨林这样简单的行动都能有所帮助。 Simple意为“简单的”，后文列举的节水、回收等都是简单易行的行动，符合语境。Successful“成功的”，Natural“自然的”，Harmful“有害的”，均不符合。 三、阅读理解 A As a nature photographer, I have to face the wind and the rain bravely, but I still enjoy working outside in the wild. One of the best things about this job is: You can observe (观察) animals in their natural environment. My favourite place to take photos is Yellowstone National Park. As the world’s first national park, Yellowstone is famous for the variety (种类) of its wildlife, but it is probably best known for its bears. These huge, strong animals can live for about 20 years. Despite a weight of up to 300 pounds, they can run at a speed of around 64 kilometres per hour and are also excellent swimmers. Last spring in Yellowstone, I followed a path that took me through a dark forest. When I finally stepped out of the trees, the view was breathtaking. An eagle (雕) flew over the mountains. They were reflected in the lake below. While I was photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly felt that I was being watched. Slowly, and with the camera still held to my eye, I turned … and froze. Only metres away from me was a bear. With water falling off its thick, brown hair, the bear stared back at me. Time stood still as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first. My legs started shaking. Somehow, I forced (强迫) my finger to press the button. A second later, the bear turned and ran back into the forest. When I recovered from the shock, I looked at my camera. My most frightening but magical experience was now kept forever in a single image. From time to time, I look at the photo as a reminder to show respect to all animals. It is after all we who are the visitors to their world. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about the bears in the passage? A．They have a weight of up to 30 pounds. B．They are huge but good at swimming. C．They are strong and can live for at least 30 years. D．They can swim at a speed of 64 kilometres per hour. 2．What does the underlined word “breathtaking” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．excellent B．scary C．interesting D．shocking 3．Which is the right order of the following? a. I felt I was being watched. b. I admired the landscape. c. I took a photo of the bear. d. The bear ran away. e. I walked through a forest. f. I saw a bear. A．eabcdf B．eabfdc C．ebfadc D．ebafcd 4．According to the passage, what does the writer suggest towards wildlife? A．Love. B．Caring. C．Respect. D．Hunt. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了一位自然摄影师在黄石国家公园拍摄时偶遇野熊的惊险经历，展现了野生动物的特点，并强调了人类应尊重自然、尊重动物的态度。 【详解】21．根据第二段“These huge, strong animals can live for about 20 years. Despite a weight of up to 300 pounds, they can run at a speed of around 64 kilometres per hour and are also excellent swimmers.”可知，文中提到熊体型庞大、强壮，体重可达300磅，时速约64公里，还是优秀的游泳健将。 1．根据第三段“When I finally stepped out of the trees, the view was breathtaking. An eagle flew over the mountains. They were reflected in the lake below.”可知，作者走出树林后看到了令人震撼的美景：鹰掠过群山，倒映在湖面。结合上下文，breathtaking形容景色极好、令人惊叹，与excellent（极好的）含义最接近。 2．根据第三段事件发展顺序：首先“followed a path that took me through a dark forest”（e.穿过森林）；接着“stepped out... view was breathtaking”（b.欣赏风景）；然后“felt that I was being watched”（a.感觉被注视）；转身发现“Only metres away from me was a bear”（f.看见熊）；然后“press the button”（c.拍照）；最后“bear turned and ran back”（d.熊跑开）。因此正确顺序是：e-b-a-f-c-d。 3．根据最后一段“From time to time, I look at the photo as a reminder to show respect to all animals. It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.”可知，作者通过这次经历提醒自己要尊重所有动物，强调人类是动物世界的访客，应心怀敬意。 B The Dead Sea is not a real sea. It is a large salt lake. It is in western Asia, between Jordan (约旦) and other countries. It is very special. It is the lowest place on Earth’s land. Its surface is about 416 meters below sea level. The Dead Sea is long and not very wide. It is about 86 kilometers long and 5 to 18 kilometers wide. The Jordan River runs into it. But no rivers run out of the Dead Sea. The water here is very salty. It is much saltier than other sea water. That’s why most fish and plants cannot live in it. Only some very small living things can live here. So people call it “the Dead Sea”. The salty water makes people float (漂浮) easily. You do not need to swim. You can just lie on the water and read a book! Many visitors come here every year to enjoy this great feeling. The Dead Sea mud (泥) is also very good for the skin, so many people like to take mud baths here. But the Dead Sea is facing problems now. Its water is becoming smaller and smaller. People take too much water from the Jordan River for farming and everyday use. The warm weather also makes the water decrease less quickly. We must try to protect this great natural wonder. 1．What is the Dead Sea according to the passage? A．A clean sea with many fish. B．A large salt lake in western Asia. C．A long river with little water. D．A small lake with cold water. 2．Why is the Dead Sea special in the world? A．Because it is the hottest place on Earth. B．Because it is the longest river in Asia. C．Because it has the most fish in the world. D．Because it is the lowest place on Earth’ land. 3．Why do people call it the “Dead Sea”? A．Because it is too cold for animals. B．Because there is no salt in its water. C．Because almost no visitors go there. D．Because most fish and plants can’t live in it. 4．What can people do easily in the Dead Sea? A．Swim fast like in a pool. B．Catch different kinds of fish. C．Float on the water freely. D．Grow vegetables near it. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了死海的地理位置、特点、名称由来、浮力现象以及面临的威胁。 1．第一段开头几句：“The Dead Sea is not a real sea. It is a large salt lake. It is in western Asia”，指出，死海是西亚的一个大盐湖。 2．第一段最后两句：“It is the lowest place on Earth’s land. Its surface is about 416 meters below sea level”指出，死海的特殊之处在于它是地球上陆地的最低点。 3．第三段句子：“The water here is very salty... That’s why most fish and plants cannot live in it. Only some very small living things can live here. So people call it ‘the Dead Sea’”，表明死海得名是因为大多数鱼和植物无法生存。 4．第四段句子：“The salty water makes people float easily. You do not need to swim. You can just lie on the water and read a book!”，表明人们可以在死海的水面上轻松漂浮。 四、七选五 Living in harmony with nature means respecting its laws and using its resources wisely. 1 It is an ancient water system that allows people to survive in one of the hottest and driest places in China. By channeling water from the mountains through underground canals, the karez system respects the natural flow of water and provides life for the people of Turpan. 2 Today, we face many environmental challenges, such as climate change and water shortages. 3 We must respect its laws, protect its resources, and use our knowledge to create sustainable solutions for the future. Living in harmony with nature is not just about protecting the environment. 4 It is about ensuring a better future for ourselves and for generations to come. 5 Every action we take to respect nature helps us move closer to a sustainable future. A．The karez system in Turpan is a perfect example of this. B．However, by learning from examples like the karez system, we can find ways to live in harmony with nature. C．It is also about understanding our place in the natural world and our responsibility to protect it. D．We can learn to use nature’s resources in a wise and sustainable way. E．The karez system is only useful for ancient people and has no place in modern society. F．Living in harmony with nature is a journey that requires constant learning and action. G．We can ignore nature’s laws and do whatever we want. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，通过定义观点、举例论证和提出倡议，阐述了人与自然和谐共处的价值与实现路径。 1．空格前提出核心观点“Living in harmony with nature means respecting its laws and using its resources wisely”，空格后介绍“It is an ancient water system...”，说明空格处需要一个衔接句，引出后文的具体案例。选项A“吐鲁番的坎儿井系统就是这种（人与自然和谐共处）理念的一个完美范例”，能自然衔接“观点”与“案例”。故选A。 2．空格前介绍“the karez system...”，说明坎儿井是合理利用自然资源的成功案例。选项D“我们可以学习以一种明智且可持续的方式来利用自然资源。”是对坎儿井案例的价值总结，承接前文案例，同时呼应全文“合理利用资源”的核心。故选D。 3．空格前提出“Today, we face many environmental challenges...”，空格后给出解决方案“We must respect its laws, protect its resources...”，说明空格处需要一个转折衔接句，连接“问题”与“解决方案”。选项B“然而，通过向坎儿井系统这样的例子学习，我们可以找到与自然和谐相处的方法。”通过转折词“However”衔接前文的“环境挑战”与后文的“解决方案”，逻辑连贯。故选B。 4．空格前“...not just about protecting the environment”引出部分观点，说明后文需要补充完整观点。选项C“这也关乎了解我们在自然界中所处的位置，以及我们保护自然的责任。”用“also about”与前文的“not just about”形成递进逻辑，补充了人与自然和谐共处的另一层内涵。故选C。 5．空格后“Every action we take to respect nature helps us move closer to a sustainable future”，强调“持续行动”的重要性。选项F“与自然和谐共处是一个需要不断学习和行动的旅程。”中的“constant learning and action”与后文的“Every action”形成呼应，能总领后文的行动倡议。故选F。 五、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词（每空不超过2个词），使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Do you know the largest nature park in China? It is Sanjiangyuan National Park on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原). “Sanjiangyuan” 1 (mean) the headwaters of China’s three great rivers: the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Lancang River. The Yangtze River is the longest of the three. Sanjiangyuan is famous 2 the beautiful scenery. It’s called the Water Tower of China or even Asia because there are lots of rivers, lakes, and wetlands. All the people living around it depend on its rich 3 (nature) resources (资源). However, with the global warming and human activities, the place was once in great danger. Life there was also much 4 (difficult) for both animals and humans than that in other places. To stop things from 5 (get) worse, our government has taken many measures, such as building Sanjiangyuan National Park. Many people joined the environmental protection club. The club advised the members 6 (start) a WeChat group and invite other people to join in. This was a great idea. It allowed more and more people to meet each other online 7 talk about how to protect the environment. Now, people there are living in peace with nature. Our country is trying 8 (it) best to make Sanjiangyuan National Park one of the most famous 9 (park) all over the world. I believe in the future the park will be 10 window to show Chinese scenic beauty to the outside. 【答案】 1．means 2．for 3．natural 4．more difficult 5．getting 6．to start 7．and 8．its 9．parks 10．a 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国最大的自然公园 ——三江源国家公园，包括它的含义、地位、面临的危机以及保护措施，表达了对三江源未来的美好展望。 1．句意：“三江源”指的是中国三大河流的源头：长江、黄河和澜沧江。which引导定语从句，先行词Sanjiangyuan为单数名词，句子为一般现在时，动词mean需变为第三人称单数形式means。 2．句意：三江源因美丽的风景而闻名。be famous for意为“因……而闻名”，固定搭配，此处需用介词for。 3．句意：周边居民都依赖它丰富的自然资源。名词resources需用形容词修饰，nature的形容词形式为natural“自然的”。 4．句意：对动物和人类来说，那里的生活也比其他地方艰难得多。句中出现比较级标志词than，且much可修饰比较级，difficult的比较级形式为more difficult。 5．句意：为了阻止情况恶化，我们的政府采取了许多措施，比如建立三江源国家公园。stop…from doing sth.意为“阻止……做某事”，介词from后接动名词，get的动名词形式为getting。 6．句意：俱乐部建议成员们创建一个微信群，并邀请其他人加入。advise sb. to do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”，固定搭配，此处需用不定式to start。 7．句意：这让越来越多的人可以在线见面，并讨论如何保护环境。meet each other和talk about是并列谓语，应用连词and连接。 8．句意：我们国家正尽最大努力使三江源国家公园成为世界上最著名的公园之一。try one’s best意为“尽某人最大努力”，主语为Our country，对应的形容词性物主代词为its。 9．句意：我们国家正尽最大努力使三江源国家公园成为世界上最著名的公园之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，park需变为复数形式parks。 10．句意：我相信在未来，这个公园将成为向外界展示中国风景之美的一个窗口。window是可数名词单数，此处表泛指“一个”，且window以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $