6.特殊句式-2026年鲸奇语法全解 小初全能语法

包法 鲸奇语法全解 特殊句式 思维导图 There be结构 特殊句式 倒装句 特殊包式 强调句 知识精讲 一、There be结构 ●什么是There be结构？ There be结构通常表示"某地或某时存在某人或某物”，是英语中的常用 句型。 ●There be结构的形式 L.There be结构的肯定式 There is+-可数名词单数/不可数名词+地点/时间状语. There is a book on your bed.你的床上有一本书。 There is some sugar on the table..桌子上有一些糖。 There are+可数名词复数+地点/时间状语 There are three chairs in the classroom.教室里有三把椅子。 156 鲸奇语法全解 句法 2.There be结构的否定式 There be结构的否定式是在be动词后加not。如果句中有some,变为否 定时，some需改为any。 There are five apples on the tree.树上有五个苹果。 否定：There are not five apples on the tree.树上没有五个苹果。 There is some ink in the bottle.瓶子里有一些墨水。 ↓ 否定：There is not any ink in the bottle..瓶子里没有墨水。 特殊句式 3.There be结构的疑问句 ①一般疑问句 There be结构的一般疑问句是把be动词提到句首，其形式为“Be+there+- 其他？”，肯定回答为"Yes,there is/are.”;否定回答为“No,there isn't/ aren't."。 There is some water on Mars.火星上有一些水。 some需改为anyo 一 般疑问句：Is there any water on Mars?火星上有水吗？ 肯定回答：Yes,there is.是的，有。否定回答：No,there isn't.不，设有。 ②特殊疑问句 疑问词+be there+其他？ 157 包法 鲸奇语法全解 There are two chairs in the bedroom.卧室里有两把椅子。 特殊疑问句：How many chairs are there in the bedroom?卧室里有多少把椅子？ ●There be结构的时态 l.一般现在时：there is/.are There is a pen,two books and many pencils on the desk. 书桌上有一支钢笔、两本书和很多铅笔。 特殊包式 当句中有多个并列的主语时，be的单 2.一般过去时：there was/,were 复最由离它最近名词的单复最决定。 There was a bike under the tree yesterday.昨天树下有一辆自行车。 3.-般将来时：there will be,there is going to be There is going to be a football match in our school next week. 下周我们学校将有一场足球赛。 妙记口决 说明何时何地有， there be在主语前。 随着主语第一个， e.................. be的形式做变换。 : 158 鲸奇语法全解 句法 二、 倒装句 ●什么是倒装句？ 倒装句是指为了强调、突出等目的而颠倒原有语序的句式。 ●倒装句的语序 主语和谓语是句子的核心，它们之间有两种语序： 自然语序：主语在前，谓语在后 倒装语序：谓语在前，主语在后 倒装语序又分为完全倒装和部分倒装： 特殊包式 完全倒装：整个谓语位于主语之前 部分倒装：只将be动词、情态动词或助动词放在主语之前 ● 倒装句的分类 分 常见结构 例句 There be句型 There are many students in the classroom. 教室里有很多学生。 完 副词here/there/now/then/up/down Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。 全 in/out/away/off等位于句首 Away went the boy.男孩走了。 倒 At the school gate stood an old man. 学校门口站着一位老人。 表示地点的介词短语位于句首 At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. 山脚下有一片美丽的湖。 159 包法 鲸奇语法全解 续表 含有否定意义的副词或连词（如 Never have I read such a great book. not、seldom、little、hardly、 我从来没有读过这么好的一本书。 never、rarely、nowhere等)位于 Seldom does he go out for dinner. 句首 他很少出去吃饭。 Only in this way can you succeed. 只有用这种方式你才能成功。 部 副词“only+状语”位于句首 Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。 装 "so.that."和“such.that."结 So excited was he that he could not say a word. 构中的s0或such位于句首 他如此激动，以至于一句话都说不出来。 特殊包式 “s0+形容词/副词”位于句首 So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.天气太冷，我们只好待在家里。 表示频率的副词或副词短语many Often did she come to my house in the past a time、often等位于句首 过去她常到我家来。 三、强调句 ●什么是强调句？ 强调句是通过对句子中的某个部分进行强调，来表达自己的意愿或情感的 一种句式。 常用强调句句型 1.It is/was...that/who... ①肯定形式 Itis/was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+hat/who+其他. 160 鲸奇语法全解 句法 普通句Tom invited Linda to have dinner yesterday.昨天汤姆邀请了琳达吃晚餐。 It was Tom that invited Linda to have dinner yesterday. (强调主语Tom) It was Linda that Tom invited to have dinner yesterday. 强调句 (强调宾语Linda) It was yesterday that Tom invited Linda to have dinner. 强调时间状语yesterday) ②一般疑问句 Is/Was-+it+被强调部分+that/who+其他？ Was it Tom that invited Linda to have dinner yesterday? 特殊包式 昨天是汤姆邀请了琳达吃晚餐吗？ ③特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+其他？ What was it that Tom invited Linda to do yesterday? 昨天汤姆邀请了琳达去做什么呢？ 2.do/does/did+动词原形（对谓语动词的强调） She does know the place well.她确实很熟悉这个地方。 Do be careful when you cross the street.过马路时，务必（千万）要心。 3.not..until句型（直到…才） Itis/was+not until+被强调部分+that+其他 普通句 He didn't go to bed until1lo'clock.他直到11点才上床睡觉。 ◆hat后面的从句要用肯定句。 强调句 It was not until 11 o'clock that he went to bed. 161 包法 鲸奇语法全解 强调句的特点 强调句中去掉“Itis/was”和“that/who”后，利余部分将被强调部分还原 到原位置，句子结构仍然完整。 It was the children who/that broke the window.是孩子们打破窗户的。 去掉twas和wholthat,句子变为"Tne ● 强调句注意点 children broke the window.”,句子结构完整 句意明确。 1.构成强调句的t本身没有词义。 2.强调句中的连接词一般用that和who,且不能省略。当强调部分是人时，既 可用that也可用who;当强调部分非人时，只能用hat(强调部分是时间状 特殊包式 语或地点状语时，不能用when或where)。 3.若原句为一般过去时、过去完成时、过去将来时、过去进行时等过去时态 强调句用“It was.…“,其他时态都用"tis”。 4.在特殊疑问句中，根据强调部分的类型（人、时间、地点、原因等)，选择 who/when/where/why等对应的特殊疑问词。 即学即练 。。0。。。●●。●。●●●●●●0●0●●●0●0●●。 : 用be的适当形式填空 1.There a book on the desk. 2.There (an orange and two apples on the table. 3.There ()some bread in the paper bag 4.How many chairs（ )there in your classroom? 5.There（ two English books and a Chinese book in my bag 162 鲸奇语法全解 句法 二、 选泽填空 ( )1.Only save his life. A.can the doctor B.the doctor can C.could the doctor ( )2.Here a picture of my family. A.are B.is C.was ( )3.L0ok, A.here the bus comes B.here is the bus coming C.here comes the bus ()4.It's a long time ago I saw you last time! A.when B.for C.that 殊包 )5.It is I who a teacher. A.am B.is C.be 三、 接要求改写句子 1.I saw a film in the Youth Palace last night. ① (强调主语) ② (强调宾语) ③ (强调时间状语) ④ (强调地点状语) 2.I met Li Ping at the bus stop yesterday. ① (强调主语) ② (强调宾语) ③ (强调时间状语) 3 ④ (强调地点状语) 163参考答绵 鲸奇语法全解 3.Does he want to read or watch TV? 特殊包式 4.Will they go shopping or take a walk? -、1.is 2.is 四、1—5 BABAA 3.is 4.are 5.are 祈使句 二、1-5 BBCCA -、1-4BAAB 三、1.①It was I that/who saw a film in the 二、1.Don't come here early. Youth Palace last night. 2.Don't ask him. 2It was a film that I saw in the Youth 3.Please don't wait for her./Don't wait for Palace last night. her,please 3 It was last night that I saw a film in the 4.Let's not go there together. Youth Palace. 三、1.Don'tbe 2.Don't make 4 It was in the Youth Palace that I saw a 3.Be 4.Don't talk film last nightt. 5.Don't leave 6.Look 2.1 It was I that/who met Li Ping at the 7.Give 8.Don't let bus stop yesterday. 9.Wear 10.not say 2It was Li Ping that I met at the bus stop yesterday. 感叹包 3 It was yesterday that I met Li Ping at -、1-4CABC the bus stop. 二、1.How 2.How 4It was at the bus stop that I met Li 3.What 4.How Ping yesterday. 5.What 6.What 7.How 8.What 三、(-)1.How nice the weather is! 2.How honest the boy is! ()1.What a pretty girl she is! 2.What a beautiful girl she is! 200