精品解析：上海市南洋模范中学2025-2026学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷

上海市南洋模范中学2025-2026学年高二下学期期中考试 英语试卷 I. Listening Comprehension 略 II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Feel Happy, Even When You’re Not Norman Rockwell created some of the most iconic images of 20th-century America. His paintings, such as the Four Freedoms series from World War II and The Problem We All Live With from the civil rights movement, ____1____ (intend) to arouse the best in people who saw them: hope, courage, justice. But much of his work also inspired happiness, capturing scenes of lighthearted joy. ____2____ (consider) Shiner, which portrays a young girl with a black eye ____3____ (sit) outside the principal’s office with a smile that tells you she has just been the victor in a fight. And yet Rockwell himself struggled with happiness. In 1953, he moved to Stockbridge, Massachusetts, a rural town in the Berkshires — not for its natural beauty and peace ____4____ because it happened to be the home of a mental health hospital ____5____ he and his wife could receive treatment for chronic depression. There, he was a patient of the world-famous psychoanalyst Erik Erikson, with whom Rockwell ran up a therapy bill so large that he had to accept commissions (创作委托) for Kellogg’s Com Flakes magazine ads. ____6____ a man with such significant happiness problems would be known for painting images of undeniable happiness might seem contradictory. In truth, it’s not strange at all. Research shows not only that you can bring joy to others even if you’re unhappy but also _____7_____ doing so is a reliable way to improve your own well-being too. The key is to act like a happy person would, even if you don’t feel like it. Last year, researchers at the University of California at Riverside asked people to behave in____8____ outgoing or reserved ways for one week. Those who purposely acted outgoing — which decades of research have shown is one of the most common characteristics of happy people —____9____ (see) a significant increase in well-being. (Meanwhile, acting reserved led to a decrease. ) Similarly, spending money on others and volunteering have been shown to raise one’s own happiness levels. One reasonable explanation is that prosocial behaviors induce (诱发) a cognitive conflict — I feel unhappy, but I am acting happy! — which people resolve subconsciously by feeling happier. In other words, if you want to feel a certain way, act ____10____ you already do, and your brain will grant you that feeling, at least for a while. In common language, “Fake it till you make it. ” Section B Directions: Complete the following paragraphs by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. oversold B. properties C. forcefully D. dot E. enduring F. capital G. agenda H. authentic I. profoundly J. dampen K. substitutes The Myth of Sustainable Fashion Few industries boast about their sustainability achievements more ____11____than the fashion industry. Products ranging from swimsuits to wedding dresses are marketed as carbon positive, organic, or vegan while yoga mats made from mushrooms and sneakers from sugar cane (甘蔗) ____12____ retail shelves. New business models including recycling, resale, rental, reuse, and repair are sold as environmental life savers. The sad truth, however, is that all this experimentation and supposed“innovation” in the fashion industry over the past 25 years have failed to lessen its planetary impact. To fully understand just how ____13____ the market has failed the planet in the fashion industry, let’s look more closely at why sustainable fashion is anything but sustainable. The precise negative environmental impact of the fashion industry remains unknown, but it is sizeable. The industry’s boundaries spread globally and its multi-tiered (多层的) supply chain remains complex. Thanks to trade liberalization, globalization, and ____14____cost pressures, very few brands own the assets (资产) of their upstream factories, and most companies outsource final production. It’s not as if “sustainability” isn’t on the ____15____ for fashion companies. But several common steps that companies are taking are not having their desired effect: Recycling: Recycling is ____16____. This is due to a host of reasons including the inability to plan design at scale due to the variability of supply; limits to recycling technology; limited infrastructure; and shorter, lower-quality fibers resulting from recycled inputs and high cost. As a result of these obstacles, less than 1% of all clothing is truly recycled into new clothing. Bio-Based Materials: Another response to address the growing environmental footprint of fashion is the “next-gen materials industry.” Innovators are now cultivating and growing bio-based____17____ for conventional livestock obtained materials (e. g. , leather) and fossil fuel-based synthetics (合成材料). Some of these new bio-based textiles can be engineered to deliver performance features alongside ____18____ such as biodegradability (可生物降解性). Unfortunately, these innovations are burdened by high initial costs (relative to well-established alternatives that benefit from scale economies), large requirements for ____19____ (to fund new production sites), and resistance to change. Fashion is often said to both reflect and lead culture — the industry has a once-in-history opportunity to demonstrate that creativity and respect for boundaries can lead to _______20_______ sustainability. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Before the age of the smartphone, aspiring photographers had to learn how to use high-tech cameras and photographic techniques. Not everyone had cameras, and it took skill and a good eye to capture and create a great photograph. Today, with the huge range of camera apps on our smartphones, we are all____21____photographers. And pretty good ones, too: The quality of smartphone images now nearly equals that of digital cameras. The new ease of photography has given us a huge appetite for capturing the magical and the____22____. We are obsessed with documenting everyday moments, whether it’s a shot of our breakfast, our cat — or our cat’s breakfast. Cameras are now everywhere. When there are major social events or natural disasters, it is ordinary citizens with cellphones — not photojournalists — who often provide the first news images. Quality still matters, but it’s less important than what’s ____23____ shared. As people embrace photography and the media make use of citizen journalists, professional standards seem to be ____24____. In the past, most people trusted photojournalists to accurately represent reality. Today, however, digital images can be altered in ways the naked eye might never notice. Any image can be altered to create a(n) “ ____25____” picture of reality. The average viewer is left with no way to assess the accuracy of an image except through trust in a news organization or photographer. The question of the accuracy of images gets even ____26____ when photojournalists start experimenting with camera apps which encourage the use of filters. Images can be colored, brightened, faded, and scratched to make photographs more____27____, or to give them an antique look. Photojournalists using camera apps to cover wars and conflicts have created powerful images — and also ____28____. Critics worry that antique-looking photographs romanticize war while ____29____ us from those who fight in them. Yet, photography has always been more ______30______ than we assume. Each picture is a result of a series of decisions — where to stand, what lens to use, and what to leave in or out of the frame. Does altering photographs with camera app filters make them less true? There’s something powerful and exciting about the experiment that the digital age has forced upon us. These new tools make it easier to tell our own stories, and they give others the power to do the same. Many members of the media get stuck on the same stories, focusing on governments, wars, and disasters. In the process, they miss out on the less ______31______ images of daily life that can be just as revealing and relevant. Who knows? Perhaps we are witnessing the development of a(n) ______32______ visual language. It’s one that could change the way we relate to each other and the world. Of course, as with any language, there will be those who produce______33______and those who make shopping lists. It’s not clear whether this ______34______of image-making will lead to a public that better appreciates and understands images. Or will it simply numb(使麻木) us to the profound effects a well-made image can have? ______35______, the change is irreversible. Let’s hope the millions of new photographs made today help us see what we all have in common, rather than what sets us apart. 21. A. outstanding B. amateur C. new D. inexperienced 22. A. extraordinary B. rare C. ordinary D. unique 23. A. instantly B. appropriately C. habitually D. occasionally 24. A. appearing B. persisting C. stabilizing D. shifting 25. A. shaped B. improved C. clarified D. anticipated 26. A. trickier B. smaller C. clearer D. simpler 27. A. functional B. artistic C. factual D. technical 28. A. improvement B. appreciation C. applause D. controversy 29. A. excluding B. freeing C. distancing D. preventing 30. A. objective B. factual C. subjective D. scientific 31. A. peaceful B. dramatic C. important D. chaotic 32. A. universal B. temporary C. specific D. permanent 33. A. poetry B. calligraphy C. journalism D. reports 34. A. seeding B. fruiting C. fading D. flowering 35. A. Consequently B. Alternatively C. Conditionally D. Regardless Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. (A) When I was young, a single summer could feel like an entire epoch. Those endless July afternoons of our youth stretched out in a haze(烟雾) of heat and boredom, where the rhythmic sound of a lawn mower or the distant sound of an ice-cream truck seemed to vibrate(震动) in a world that possessed all the time in the world. Now, as an adult, the seasons flip by like the pages of a thumbed-through magazine. I blink, and it is autumn;I blink again, and the year has disappeared into nothing. This common experience raises a profound psychological question: why does time speed up as we age? Current cognitive theory suggests that our perception of duration is closely tied to the density of new experiences. To a child, whose world is an unfolding tapestry (画面) of “firsts” — the initial sight of a jellyfish or the crisp scent of a new textbook — every encounter is a vivid landmark. The brain, confronted with this constant shock of novelty, processes information with daunting (吓人的) intensity, creating a detailed mental map that makes time feel “thick” and expansive. For the adult, however, life is often reduced to a series of predictable routines. When the mind knows precisely what to expect, it essentially stops recording. The“logbook” of our days is full of repetitive tasks, where Tuesday is indistinguishable from Thursday. In this state of cognitive autopilot, the brain shortens time, discarding the seemingly extra data of our habitual lives. It is a cruel irony:the more efficiently we manage our routines, the more rapidly our lives seem to slip through our fingers. If time is measured not by the ticking of a clock but by the footprints of memory, then a life lived in autopilot is fundamentally shorter, regardless of its chronological length. To reclaim our time, we must intentionally reintroduce the “new” — to break the rhythm of the expected and force the mind to once again become a conscious observer of its own existence. As ancient philosophers suggested, we do not need more years; we need more moments that are worth the brain's effort to remember. 36. The word “epoch” is closest in meaning to ________. A. a memorable event from the past B. a period characterized by significant events C. an era that seems to last for a long time D. a short moment of childhood memories 37. Why do children perceive time as“thick”? A. Because they possess a superior biological capacity for sensory processing. B. Because the lack of routine allows them to ignore the passage of time. C. Because their brain's engagement with novelty demands exhaustive mental effort. D. Because endless memories enable them to recall every detail of their youth. 38. What can be inferred from the“cruel irony” mentioned in the third paragraph? A. Professional efficiency is often achieved at the cost of personal happiness. B. The mastery of daily habits unconsciously speed up one's psychological aging. C. A well-organized life eventually leads to a total loss of memory for the past. D. High productivity reduces the subjective richness of the time we have lived. 39. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage? A. The Logbook of Days: Why Routines Help Us Manage Time. B. Footprints of Memory: Redefining the Duration of Life. C. Breaking the Rhythm: The Art of Living in the Digital Age. D. First Encounters: Why Childhood Memories Last Longer. (B) Guinea pig care Guinea pigs are hardy little animals, and their easy care makes them especially affordable pets! Medical needs While guinea pigs do not require routine vaccinations, an annual exam and parasite check is recommended. Seek out a veterinarian who is experienced in treating guinea pigs and is familiar with medical conditions such as: colds, bladder stones (膀胱结石), and infections. If a guinea pig seems sleepy eats very little or nothing, or is otherwise acting abnormally, consult a veterinarian immediately. Avoid using any medications intended for dogs or cats. Sterilizing (绝育) guinea pigs carries risks and must only be done by a veterinarian with guinea pig knowledge and experience. If you choose not to sterilize your pet, we discourage pairing male and female guinea pigs together. Diet Guinea pigs require unlimited amounts of fresh green grass hay. Most guinea pig tablets are alfalfa (苜蓿草) based, which is fairly high in calcium. Feeding additional alfalfa hay or treats may provide too much calcium and lead to bladder stone problems in some guinea pigs. Feed tablets are made specifically for guinea pigs. Feed approximately ¼-¼ c. of fresh tablets per animal daily. Avoid brands that contain lots of seeds and nuts, because the fat content of these foods is often too high for adult guinea pigs and they may choke on large or whole seeds. Fresh water must always be available, preferably in an easy-to-reach water bottle. Food bowls and water bottles should be cleaned and refilled with fresh food and water daily. Fresh greens and vegetables can be fed in moderation. Too large a quantity or variety can cause digestive or nutritional problems. Vegetables belonging to the cabbage family should be very limited(or avoided) as they can cause a serious condition. Fresh foods should always be thoroughly cleaned. Housing needs The best guinea pig cages are usually wire cages with a solid bottom (metal or plastic) that are easily removed for cleaning. Wire cage bottoms are not recommended as they can easily injure your pet’s toes or feet. A cage for a single guinea pig should be at least 24” wide x 24” long and at minimum 15” high. For two or more guinea pigs, a minimum 24” x 36” floor size is recommended. Add a small house inside the cage so the guinea pig has a private refuge when stressed or tired. This can be a small cardboard box or a commercially produced house available at your local pet store. Aquariums and plastic tubs are not recommended. They are usually not large enough, do not offer proper ventilation (通风), and isolate the guinea pig from its surroundings by preventing sight, sound, and smell. 40. If you want to take care of a guinea pig, you should _______. A. provide unlimited vegetables for its nutrition B. use medicines which are also suitable for dogs when it doesn’t feel well C. find a mate for it rather than sterilize it D. avoid food which are big in size and contain too much fat 41. Which of the following statements is true about housing needs? A. A commercially produced house is the best choice because it provides better protection. B. Any container that provides enough air and clear sight can be used as the cage. C. A cage which is at 24” wide x 28” long and at 15” high can only be used for one guinea pig. D. A house made of wire is recommended because it allows the guinea pig to see its surroundings. 42. According to the passage, which person is the most responsible owner of a guinea pig? A. Linda keeps it in a plastic tub and feeds it with cabbage every day. B. David puts it in a wire cage with a solid bottom, and does not pair males with females unless they are sterilized. C. Emily lets her mother shoulder the full responsibility of taking care of it. D. Tom feeds it with fresh green grass but refuses to take it to the veterinarian. (C) When Kōnosuke Matsushita, the founder of Panasonic, was asked what quality he valued most in job candidates, his answer confused everyone: whether they were lucky. Not their certificates, or their intelligence, but luck. While this sounds odd, neuroscience reveals that luck, far from being a roll of cosmic dice (掷骰子), operates through identifiable patterns of brain chemistry and behavior. The consistently lucky are not blessed by fate; they are running different neurological “software”. Consider the declaration “I am a lucky person”. It sounds like wishful thinking. But brain imaging shows that this shift in self-narrative activates the prefrontal cortex, moving the brain from threat-detection to opportunity-recognition mode. A self-described lucky individual notices possibilities that others, scanning the same environment, simply overlook. Over weeks and months, these perceptual micro-advantages compound. The lucky person encounters more openings, seizes more of them, and build up a track record that reinforces the original belief. The foundation of good fortune is also surprisingly biological. Our emotional resilience depends on serotonin (血清素), a neurotransmitter whose production follows a strict daily rhythm triggered by morning sunlight and a regular sleep-wake cycle. Those with irregular routines elevate cortisol (皮质醇), the stress hormone, which narrows attention to immediate threats and turn a blind eye to the place where valuable discoveries live. In many cases, the long-term unlucky are merely chronically sleep-deprived. Furthermore, lucky people possess an unusually clear awareness of their own fascinations. The brain’s dopamine system, which drives engagement, responds most powerfully to genuine interest rather than social conformity. By following their “fascination compass,” lucky individuals enter a cognitive state where they are more likely to encounter openings. They also score high on novelty-seeking — trying unfamiliar routes or talking to strangers — which acts as a lottery ticket careful individuals never buy. You might expect that people so devoted to their own desires would be fundamentally self-centered. Yet the opposite is true. Authentic acts of helping others activate the striatum — the brain’s deepest reward center — more powerfully than receiving a benefit oneself. By giving freely, lucky people build social capital that opens doors they didn’t even know existed. Ultimately, luck is not just a matter of chance; it is a set of daily habits. It comes from a healthy daily routine, the courage to genuine curiosity, and the persistence to remain in play. None of these require exceptional talent or privilege. They require only the recognition that luck is not something that happens to you. It is something you practise quietly, daily and with more neuroscience behind it than most people imagine. 43. Which of the following is true about the saying “I am a lucky person”? A. It is nothing more than wishful thinking. B. It helps the brain filter out environmental stimuli more efficiently. C. It shifts individuals’ focus from threat to opportunity. D. It provides an immediate fix for one’s bad fortune. 44. According to the passage, biological factors also contribute to one’s luck because _______. A. serotonin production is out of human control B. high cortisol levels are required to sharpen the brain’s focus on unexpected luck C. healthy lifestyle habits create the chemical basis for finding opportunities D. morning sunlight is the most important determinant of an individual's emotional resilience 45. What can we infer from the “selfishness” of lucky people? A. Their focus on personal interests is a strategy to maximize dopamine-driven engagement. B. They are self-centered individuals who usually pursue personal gain. C. Their dopamine system is activated only when they prioritize desires over others’ needs. D. Following one’s fascination is a method to avoid social responsibilities. 46. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The decisive role of luck in achieving career breakthroughs. B. The potential of positive thinking in reshaping one’s destiny. C. A neurological and behavioral approach to practicing luck. D. Biological limitations that determine an individual's fortune. Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. On October 5th, Katmai National Park & Preserve in southern Alaska kicked off Fat Bear Week, when the park’s brown bears compete with each other in a bracket challenge(竞猜) much like college basketball’s March Madness tournament. Fans use before and after photos to vote for the bear they think has gained the most weight over summer to prepare for hibernation (冬眠). ____47____ Fat Bear Week began in 2014 as Fat Bear Tuesday. Mike Fitz, a former park ranger (护林员) at Katmai, noticed that live webcams showing the bears generated a lot of online comments. He and the other rangers let people vote for the favourite fat bear on Facebook. The one-day event attracted just1, 700 votes in 2014. Last year’s week-long contest gathered nearly 800, 000. Like basketball matches, fans join office bracket pools and gather to watch the live bear cams set up around the park. Some go further. For example, Jean Gross is hosting a bear-themed potluck (百家饭). Guests must bring foods that appeal to both bears and humans, such as salmon and honey butter. The contest serves two purposes besides merely praising these bears. America’s national parks are often in remote, undeveloped areas. They can be difficult and costly to travel to. ____48____ “The webcams help to democratize the experience,” says Mr Fitz, now a naturalist for explore. org, which operates the bear cams. “It’s not limited to the fortunate few who can go to the river any more.” Second, Fat Bear Week heaps attention upon the bears, and the ecosystems they inhabit. The2, 200 bears of Katmai are so strong because they feed from one of the healthiest salmon runs in the world, says Sara Wolman, a former park ranger. ____49____ Brooks River, where Katmai’s bears like to fish, has so far avoided these threats. ____50____ Lasting for one week, it helps make feelings of doom about habitat loss and climate change go away. “Maybe things aren’t super great all the time in the world,” says Felicia Jimenez, a current Katmai ranger, “but there’s some really fat bears in Alaska.” A. Creators and fans of Fat Bear Week argue the contest has gone viral because it is a conservation success story. B. But what began as a specialized contest for conservationists has become a global campaign. C. The one who gains the highest votes will be awarded endless honey butter and salmon. D. Fat Bear Week brings Alaska’s pure wilderness to fans’ computer screens. E. These dedicated rangers are also responsible for identifying which bears have gained the most weight. F. Salmon in the Pacific Northwest have suffered due to overfishing, dam (水坝) construction and warming rivers due to climate change. IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Do you share too much online? It’s good to share, right? Growing up as kids, we are told to share our toys and not to be selfish. We also live in an age when discussing our feelings is encouraged. But with new crazes trending all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a pillow as a dress, the question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media? Oversharing has become connected with social media, but isn’t exclusive to this platform. Imagine you head to a party and meet someone. Within five minutes they have given away intimate details about their life. While some of us may try to escape these people, according to marriage therapist Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to get close to someone. Besides, a painful developmental story lies behind the behaviour. People share too much because they have been too lonely. But they fail to understand the risks resulting from it. Dr Christopher Hand, a lecturer in cyberpsychology, says the more details people disclose, the less sympathy we express when things go wrong. This could be due to a belief that more negative experiences will be attracted if shared more. It seems that “sadfishing”, the idea of seeking sympathy by oversharing, is generally perceived as negative rather than the cry for help it could actually be. However, Dr Hand’s research also seems to suggest that the more we post online, the more socially attractive we become on condition that the posts we share are positive. Even back in 2015, Gwendolyn Seidman PhD, said we should avoid complaining too much and being negative online. We should also avoid showing off. especially about our love lives. It makes sense — if your date is going “that well”, would you really have time to share a photo with text? So, how can you know if you are oversharing? Well, why not ask your friends in real life? They would probably be more than happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your gripes about your lack of money really are too much. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 尽管缺乏经验，这位年轻教师依然全身心投入教育事业。(absence) （汉译英） __________________________________________________ 53. 我忽然意识到，没有家人的陪伴，再成功的人生也会显得有些空虚。(strike) （汉译英） __________________________________________________ 54. 这座古老的图书馆始于19世纪，馆藏从经典文学作品到学术著作应有尽有。(date) （汉译英） __________________________________________________ 55. 那些对历史复杂性一无所知的人，往往倾向于将自己狭隘的价值观强加于整个社会。(ignorant) （汉译英） __________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高二学生李华最近，你的好朋友Alex来信说，他迷上了小说，无论何时何地都捧着书阅读，挤压上课以及睡觉的时间。他对此很担心，但无法解决这一问题，因此写信向你求助。请你用英语给Alex写一封回信，谈谈你的想法并给他一些建议。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市南洋模范中学2025-2026学年高二下学期期中考试 英语试卷 I. Listening Comprehension 略 II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Feel Happy, Even When You’re Not Norman Rockwell created some of the most iconic images of 20th-century America. His paintings, such as the Four Freedoms series from World War II and The Problem We All Live With from the civil rights movement, ____1____ (intend) to arouse the best in people who saw them: hope, courage, justice. But much of his work also inspired happiness, capturing scenes of lighthearted joy. ____2____ (consider) Shiner, which portrays a young girl with a black eye ____3____ (sit) outside the principal’s office with a smile that tells you she has just been the victor in a fight. And yet Rockwell himself struggled with happiness. In 1953, he moved to Stockbridge, Massachusetts, a rural town in the Berkshires — not for its natural beauty and peace ____4____ because it happened to be the home of a mental health hospital ____5____ he and his wife could receive treatment for chronic depression. There, he was a patient of the world-famous psychoanalyst Erik Erikson, with whom Rockwell ran up a therapy bill so large that he had to accept commissions (创作委托) for Kellogg’s Com Flakes magazine ads. ____6____ a man with such significant happiness problems would be known for painting images of undeniable happiness might seem contradictory. In truth, it’s not strange at all. Research shows not only that you can bring joy to others even if you’re unhappy but also _____7_____ doing so is a reliable way to improve your own well-being too. The key is to act like a happy person would, even if you don’t feel like it. Last year, researchers at the University of California at Riverside asked people to behave in____8____ outgoing or reserved ways for one week. Those who purposely acted outgoing — which decades of research have shown is one of the most common characteristics of happy people —____9____ (see) a significant increase in well-being. (Meanwhile, acting reserved led to a decrease. ) Similarly, spending money on others and volunteering have been shown to raise one’s own happiness levels. One reasonable explanation is that prosocial behaviors induce (诱发) a cognitive conflict — I feel unhappy, but I am acting happy! — which people resolve subconsciously by feeling happier. In other words, if you want to feel a certain way, act ____10____ you already do, and your brain will grant you that feeling, at least for a while. In common language, “Fake it till you make it. ” 【答案】1. were intended 2. Consider 3. sitting 4. but 5. where 6. That 7. that 8. either 9. saw 10. as if##as though 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了画家诺曼·洛克威尔擅长描绘幸福画面，自身却深陷抑郁。研究发现，即便内心低落，刻意做出乐观友善的举动，也能有效改善自身情绪，收获幸福感。 【1题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：他的画作，比如二战时期的《四大自由》系列以及民权运动时期的《我们共视的难题》，旨在激发那些看到它们的人内心最美好的品质：希望、勇气、正义。空处为句子谓语动词，主语His paintings与动词intend是被动关系；全文讲述过去的人物和事件，用一般过去时；主语为复数，助动词用were。 【2题详解】 考查祈使句。句意：比如Shiner，它描绘了一个眼睛被打黑的小女孩坐在校长办公室外面，脸上带着微笑，告诉你她刚刚在一场战斗中获胜。分析句子可知，此处用于举例说明前文 “他的作品捕捉轻松快乐的场景”，用祈使句“以Shine为例”引出具体画作，注意首字母大写。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：比如Shiner，它描绘了一个眼睛被打黑的小女孩坐在校长办公室外面，脸上带着微笑，告诉你她刚刚在一场战斗中获胜。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，girl和sit是主动关系，用现在分词。 【4题详解】 考查连词。句意：1953 年，他搬到了马萨诸塞州的斯托克布里奇，这是一个位于伯克希尔山区的乡村小镇——他并非因为这里的自然美景和宁静而选择这里，而是因为这里恰好有一家精神健康医院，他和他的妻子可以在这里接受慢性抑郁症的治疗。not...but... 是固定搭配，意为“不是……而是……”，此处表示“不是为了它的自然美景和宁静，而是因为那里恰好有一家精神病院”。 【5题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1953 年，他搬到了马萨诸塞州的斯托克布里奇，这是一个位于伯克希尔山区的乡村小镇——他并非因为这里的自然美景和宁静而选择这里，而是因为这里恰好有一家精神健康医院，他和他的妻子可以在这里接受慢性抑郁症的治疗。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是a mental health hospital，在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。 【6题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：一个有着如此严重情绪问题的人却因创作出充满幸福感的画面而闻名，这似乎有些矛盾。空处引导主语从句，从句成分和意义都完整，用连接词that引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。 【7题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：研究表明，即使自己不快乐，也能给他人带来快乐，而且这样做也是提升自身幸福感的有效方法。此处为not only...but also... 连接两个并列的宾语从句，作shows的宾语；从句成分和意义都完整，用that引导，且不能省略（第二个宾语从句的that不能省略）。 【8题详解】 考查连词。句意：去年，加利福尼亚大学河滨分校的研究人员要求人们在一周内以开朗或内敛的方式行事。either...or... 是固定搭配，意为“要么……要么……”，此处表示“要求人们在一周内要么表现得外向，要么表现得内向”。 【9题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：那些刻意表现得开朗的人——正如数十年的研究所表明的，这是快乐之人最常见的特征之一——幸福感显著提升。时间状语Last year表明动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，see的过去式是saw。 【10题详解】 考查方式状语从句。句意：换句话说，如果你想要产生某种特定的情绪，就先表现得好像已经拥有了那样的情绪一样，你的大脑就会让你真的获得那种感觉，至少在一段时间内是这样。分析句子可知，此处act as if/as though 是固定搭配，意为“表现得好像……”，所以用as if/as though表示“似乎，好像”引导方式状语从句。 Section B Directions: Complete the following paragraphs by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. oversold B. properties C. forcefully D. dot E. enduring F. capital G. agenda H. authentic I. profoundly J. dampen K. substitutes The Myth of Sustainable Fashion Few industries boast about their sustainability achievements more ____11____than the fashion industry. Products ranging from swimsuits to wedding dresses are marketed as carbon positive, organic, or vegan while yoga mats made from mushrooms and sneakers from sugar cane (甘蔗) ____12____ retail shelves. New business models including recycling, resale, rental, reuse, and repair are sold as environmental life savers. The sad truth, however, is that all this experimentation and supposed“innovation” in the fashion industry over the past 25 years have failed to lessen its planetary impact. To fully understand just how ____13____ the market has failed the planet in the fashion industry, let’s look more closely at why sustainable fashion is anything but sustainable. The precise negative environmental impact of the fashion industry remains unknown, but it is sizeable. The industry’s boundaries spread globally and its multi-tiered (多层的) supply chain remains complex. Thanks to trade liberalization, globalization, and ____14____cost pressures, very few brands own the assets (资产) of their upstream factories, and most companies outsource final production. It’s not as if “sustainability” isn’t on the ____15____ for fashion companies. But several common steps that companies are taking are not having their desired effect: Recycling: Recycling is ____16____. This is due to a host of reasons including the inability to plan design at scale due to the variability of supply; limits to recycling technology; limited infrastructure; and shorter, lower-quality fibers resulting from recycled inputs and high cost. As a result of these obstacles, less than 1% of all clothing is truly recycled into new clothing. Bio-Based Materials: Another response to address the growing environmental footprint of fashion is the “next-gen materials industry.” Innovators are now cultivating and growing bio-based____17____ for conventional livestock obtained materials (e. g. , leather) and fossil fuel-based synthetics (合成材料). Some of these new bio-based textiles can be engineered to deliver performance features alongside ____18____ such as biodegradability (可生物降解性). Unfortunately, these innovations are burdened by high initial costs (relative to well-established alternatives that benefit from scale economies), large requirements for ____19____ (to fund new production sites), and resistance to change. Fashion is often said to both reflect and lead culture — the industry has a once-in-history opportunity to demonstrate that creativity and respect for boundaries can lead to _______20_______ sustainability. 【答案】11. C 12. D 13. I 14. E 15. G 16. A 17. K 18. B 19. F 20. H 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了时尚行业大肆宣扬可持续发展理念，但回收、生物基材料等相关举措弊端重重，并未减轻环境影响。不过该行业仍有机会实现真正意义上的可持续发展。 【11题详解】 考查副词。句意：几乎没有哪个行业能像时尚行业那样极力宣扬其在可持续发展方面的成就。空格修饰动词boast（吹嘘），需要副词。结合语境forcefully“卖力地、高调地”准确体现了时尚行业过度宣传的特点，符合语境。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：从泳装到婚纱，各类产品都被宣传为具有碳正效应、有机或纯素等特性，而由蘑菇制成的瑜伽垫和由甘蔗制成的运动鞋也充斥在零售货架上。空格作谓语，主语是各类环保产品，宾语是retail shelves（零售货架）。dot作动词意为“遍布、点缀”，生动描述了环保产品在零售渠道随处可见的景象。 【13题详解】 考查副词。句意：要全面了解时尚业市场在多大程度上辜负了地球，让我们更仔细地探究一下可持续时尚为何根本无法实现可持续性。空格修饰动词failed，需要副词。结合后文“时尚业对地球的负面影响巨大”，profoundly“深刻地、极大地”准确表达了这种失败的严重程度。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：由于贸易自由化、全球化以及持续的成本压力，很少有品牌拥有其上游工厂的资产，大多数公司都将最终生产外包出去。空格修饰cost pressures（成本压力），需要形容词，enduring“持久的、长期的”符合语境：贸易自由化、全球化和长期存在的成本压力，是品牌外包生产的核心原因。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：时尚公司显然并非没有将“可持续性”纳入其工作议程。此处为固定搭配on the agenda意为“在议事日程上”，此处表示“可持续性并非不在时尚公司的议程上”，逻辑通顺。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：回收利用：回收利用被过度宣传了。空格处为形容词作表语，后文明确指出回收存在诸多技术和基础设施障碍，仅有不到1%的衣物能真正被回收利用，说明“回收”这一概念被过度炒作了，形容词oversold“过度炒作的”完全契合这一判断。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：如今，创新者们正在培育和种植用于替代传统牲畜获取材料（例如皮革）和基于化石燃料的合成材料的生物基替代品。空格后有介词for，结合conventional livestock obtained materials (e. g. , leather) and fossil fuel-based synthetics(合成材料)可知，此处为名词substitutes“替代品”，指创新者正在培育替代传统和基于化石燃料的材料。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：其中一些新的生物基纺织品可以被设计成在具备性能特征的同时还具有可生物降解性等特性。空格后举例biodegradability（可生物降解性），这是材料的一种“特性、属性”，properties“特性”与前文的performance features（性能特点）形成并列，逻辑一致。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：不幸的是，这些创新举措面临着高昂的初始成本（相对于那些得益于规模经济效应的成熟方案而言）、巨大的资金需求（用于建设新的生产场地）以及变革的阻力。括号内解释“to fund new production sites”（资助新的生产基地），说明需要的是资金，capital“资本、资金”完全对应这一需求。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：人们常说时尚既能反映又能引领文化——该行业拥有一个千载难逢的机会，能够证明创造力和对界限的尊重能够带来真正的可持续发展。空后sustainability为名词，此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词，全文批判了时尚业虚假的“可持续”宣传，此处指出行业有机会实现真正的可持续发展，形容词authentic“真实的、真正的”与前文的虚假炒作形成鲜明对比，点明文章主旨。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Before the age of the smartphone, aspiring photographers had to learn how to use high-tech cameras and photographic techniques. Not everyone had cameras, and it took skill and a good eye to capture and create a great photograph. Today, with the huge range of camera apps on our smartphones, we are all____21____photographers. And pretty good ones, too: The quality of smartphone images now nearly equals that of digital cameras. The new ease of photography has given us a huge appetite for capturing the magical and the____22____. We are obsessed with documenting everyday moments, whether it’s a shot of our breakfast, our cat — or our cat’s breakfast. Cameras are now everywhere. When there are major social events or natural disasters, it is ordinary citizens with cellphones — not photojournalists — who often provide the first news images. Quality still matters, but it’s less important than what’s ____23____ shared. As people embrace photography and the media make use of citizen journalists, professional standards seem to be ____24____. In the past, most people trusted photojournalists to accurately represent reality. Today, however, digital images can be altered in ways the naked eye might never notice. Any image can be altered to create a(n) “ ____25____” picture of reality. The average viewer is left with no way to assess the accuracy of an image except through trust in a news organization or photographer. The question of the accuracy of images gets even ____26____ when photojournalists start experimenting with camera apps which encourage the use of filters. Images can be colored, brightened, faded, and scratched to make photographs more____27____, or to give them an antique look. Photojournalists using camera apps to cover wars and conflicts have created powerful images — and also ____28____. Critics worry that antique-looking photographs romanticize war while ____29____ us from those who fight in them. Yet, photography has always been more ______30______ than we assume. Each picture is a result of a series of decisions — where to stand, what lens to use, and what to leave in or out of the frame. Does altering photographs with camera app filters make them less true? There’s something powerful and exciting about the experiment that the digital age has forced upon us. These new tools make it easier to tell our own stories, and they give others the power to do the same. Many members of the media get stuck on the same stories, focusing on governments, wars, and disasters. In the process, they miss out on the less ______31______ images of daily life that can be just as revealing and relevant. Who knows? Perhaps we are witnessing the development of a(n) ______32______ visual language. It’s one that could change the way we relate to each other and the world. Of course, as with any language, there will be those who produce______33______and those who make shopping lists. It’s not clear whether this ______34______of image-making will lead to a public that better appreciates and understands images. Or will it simply numb(使麻木) us to the profound effects a well-made image can have? ______35______, the change is irreversible. Let’s hope the millions of new photographs made today help us see what we all have in common, rather than what sets us apart. 21. A. outstanding B. amateur C. new D. inexperienced 22. A. extraordinary B. rare C. ordinary D. unique 23. A. instantly B. appropriately C. habitually D. occasionally 24. A. appearing B. persisting C. stabilizing D. shifting 25. A. shaped B. improved C. clarified D. anticipated 26. A. trickier B. smaller C. clearer D. simpler 27. A. functional B. artistic C. factual D. technical 28. A. improvement B. appreciation C. applause D. controversy 29. A. excluding B. freeing C. distancing D. preventing 30. A. objective B. factual C. subjective D. scientific 31. A. peaceful B. dramatic C. important D. chaotic 32. A. universal B. temporary C. specific D. permanent 33. A. poetry B. calligraphy C. journalism D. reports 34. A. seeding B. fruiting C. fading D. flowering 35. A. Consequently B. Alternatively C. Conditionally D. Regardless 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要探讨了智能手机让普通人都能随手拍摄照片，图片易修改引发真实性质疑。摄影本身带有主观色彩，全民影像创作催生全新视觉语言，这场行业变革已然不可逆转。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如今，由于智能手机上有着种类繁多的摄影应用程序，我们所有人都成了业余摄影师。A. outstanding杰出的；B. amateur业余的；C. new新的；D. inexperienced无经验的。根据上文“Before the age of the smartphone, aspiring photographers had to learn how to use high-tech cameras and photographic techniques.”和下文“And pretty good ones, too”可知，上文指出过去需要专业相机和技术才能成为摄影师”，下文指出现在有了手机应用，我们都成了摄影师，而且拍得还不错。由此可知，这里强调普通人从非专业变成了业余摄影师。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：摄影的全新便捷性让我们对捕捉神奇与平凡的事物有着极大的渴望。A. extraordinary非凡的；B. rare稀有的；C. ordinary普通的；D. unique独特的。根据下文“We are obsessed with documenting everyday moments”可知，下文明确提到我们痴迷于记录日常时刻，空处与空格前的“magical（神奇的）”形成并列对比，说明我们既捕捉神奇瞬间，也记录普通日常。 【23题详解】 考查副词。句意：质量仍然很重要，但比不上即时分享的内容重要。A. instantly立即地；B. appropriately适当地；C. habitually习惯性地；D. occasionally偶尔地。根据上文“When there are major social events or natural disasters, it is ordinary citizens with cellphones — not photojournalists — who often provide the first news images.”可知，上文指出重大事件发生时，是普通民众而非摄影记者提供了第一手新闻图片，由此可知，新闻传播的核心需求是即时性。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：随着人们热衷于摄影，媒体也开始利用公民记者，专业标准似乎也在发生变化。A. appearing出现；B. persisting持续；C. stabilizing稳定；D. shifting转变、变化。根据下文“In the past, most people trusted photojournalists to accurately represent reality. Today, however, digital images can be altered in ways the naked eye might never notice.”可知，下文对比过去人们信任摄影记者能准确反映现实与现在数字图像可以被轻易修改，说明摄影的专业标准正在发生变化。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。句意：任何图像都可以被改变，以创造一个“被改进”的现实画面。A. shaped被塑造的；B. improved被改进的；C. clarified被澄清的；D. anticipated被预期的。根据上文“digital images can be altered in ways the naked eye might never notice”可知，数字图像可以被肉眼无法察觉的方式修改，由此可知，修改图像的本质是创造一个被改进的现实画面。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当摄影记者开始使用鼓励使用滤镜的相机应用程序时，图像的准确性问题就变得更加复杂了。A. trickier更棘手的；B. smaller更小的；C. clearer更清楚的；D. simpler更简单的。根据下文“when photojournalists start experimenting with camera apps which encourage the use of filters”可知，摄影记者开始使用滤镜，这会让判断图像是否真实这个问题变得更加复杂和难以处理。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：图像可以被上色、变亮、褪色、刮痕处理，以使照片更具艺术感，或者赋予其复古的外观。A. functional功能性的；B. artistic艺术的；C. factual事实的；D. technical技术的。根据上文“Images can be colored, brightened, faded, and scratched”可知，列举的上色、提亮、褪色、做旧都是滤镜的艺术化处理效果，目的是让照片更具美感和艺术感。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：使用相机应用程序报道战争和冲突的摄影记者创造了强有力的图像——同时也引发了争议。A. improvement改进；B. appreciation欣赏；C. applause掌声；D. controversy争议。根据上文“have created powerful images”和下文“Critics worry that antique-looking photographs romanticize war”可知，上文说滤镜创造了有力量的图像，紧接着提到批评者担心复古照片会美化战争，说明这种做法同时引发了不同的观点和争论。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：批评者担心，带有复古外观的照片会将战争浪漫化，同时让我们与那些参与其中的人产生距离。A. excluding排除；B. freeing释放；C. distancing使疏远；D. preventing阻止。根据上文“antique-looking photographs romanticize war”可知，复古滤镜美化战争，会让观众无法感受到战争的残酷，从而与参战者的真实经历产生隔阂。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，摄影一直比我们想象的更具主观性。A. objective客观的；B. factual事实的；C. subjective主观的；D. scientific科学的。根据下文“Each picture is a result of a series of decisions — where to stand, what lens to use, and what to leave in or out of the frame.”可知，下文解释“每张照片都是一系列决定的结果 —— 站在哪里、用什么镜头、保留什么、去掉什么”，说明摄影从本质上来说就不是完全客观的，而是带有拍摄者主观选择的。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在此过程中，他们可能会错过那些日常生活中那些不那么引人注目的、但却同样具有启示性和相关性的画面。A. peaceful和平的；B. dramatic戏剧性的、引人注目的；C. important重要的；D. chaotic混乱的。根据上文“Many members of the media get stuck on the same stories, focusing on governments, wars, and disasters.”可知，上文提到媒体总是关注“政府、战争、灾难”这些具有强烈冲突和戏剧性的事件，因此会错过日常生活中不那么戏剧性的画面。 【32题详解】 考查形容词。句意：也许我们正在见证一种通用视觉语言的发展。A. universal 普遍的、通用的；B. temporary临时的；C. specific特定的；D. permanent永久的。根据上文“These new tools make it easier to tell our own stories, and they give others the power to do the same.”可知，数字时代让所有人都能轻松拍照、讲述自己的故事，这种全民参与的视觉表达正在形成一种普遍适用的视觉语言。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：当然，就像任何一种语言一样，会有创作出诗歌的人，也会有制作购物清单的人。A. poetry诗歌；B. calligraphy书法；C. journalism新闻；D. reports报道。根据下文“and those who make shopping lists”可知，下文用购物清单作为对比，说明语言有高雅艺术和日常实用之分。poetry（诗歌）是语言艺术的最高形式之一，与“购物清单”形成鲜明对比，类比摄影中不同水平和风格的作品。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：目前尚不清楚这种图像创作的繁荣是否会促使公众更好地欣赏和理解图像。A. seeding播种；B. fruiting结果；C. fading衰退；D. flowering繁荣、兴盛。通读全文可知，全文描述了智能手机时代摄影的全民普及和蓬勃发展，flowering 形象地表达了 “图像制作行业空前繁荣”的状态。 【35题详解】 考查副词。句意：不管怎样，这种变化是不可逆转的。A. Consequently因此；B. Alternatively或者；C. Conditionally有条件地；D. Regardless无论如何。根据上文“…lead to a public that better appreciates and understands images. Or will it simply numb(使麻木) us to the profound effects a well-made image can have?”以及下文“the change is irreversible”可知，上文提出了两种可能的结果：“公众更好地理解图像”或 “对图像的力量变得麻木”，下文指出“这种变化是不可逆转的”，此处为Regardless 准确表达了“无论结果如何，变化都已经发生且无法改变”的逻辑。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. (A) When I was young, a single summer could feel like an entire epoch. Those endless July afternoons of our youth stretched out in a haze(烟雾) of heat and boredom, where the rhythmic sound of a lawn mower or the distant sound of an ice-cream truck seemed to vibrate(震动) in a world that possessed all the time in the world. Now, as an adult, the seasons flip by like the pages of a thumbed-through magazine. I blink, and it is autumn;I blink again, and the year has disappeared into nothing. This common experience raises a profound psychological question: why does time speed up as we age? Current cognitive theory suggests that our perception of duration is closely tied to the density of new experiences. To a child, whose world is an unfolding tapestry (画面) of “firsts” — the initial sight of a jellyfish or the crisp scent of a new textbook — every encounter is a vivid landmark. The brain, confronted with this constant shock of novelty, processes information with daunting (吓人的) intensity, creating a detailed mental map that makes time feel “thick” and expansive. For the adult, however, life is often reduced to a series of predictable routines. When the mind knows precisely what to expect, it essentially stops recording. The“logbook” of our days is full of repetitive tasks, where Tuesday is indistinguishable from Thursday. In this state of cognitive autopilot, the brain shortens time, discarding the seemingly extra data of our habitual lives. It is a cruel irony:the more efficiently we manage our routines, the more rapidly our lives seem to slip through our fingers. If time is measured not by the ticking of a clock but by the footprints of memory, then a life lived in autopilot is fundamentally shorter, regardless of its chronological length. To reclaim our time, we must intentionally reintroduce the “new” — to break the rhythm of the expected and force the mind to once again become a conscious observer of its own existence. As ancient philosophers suggested, we do not need more years; we need more moments that are worth the brain's effort to remember. 36. The word “epoch” is closest in meaning to ________. A. a memorable event from the past B. a period characterized by significant events C. an era that seems to last for a long time D. a short moment of childhood memories 37. Why do children perceive time as“thick”? A. Because they possess a superior biological capacity for sensory processing. B. Because the lack of routine allows them to ignore the passage of time. C. Because their brain's engagement with novelty demands exhaustive mental effort. D. Because endless memories enable them to recall every detail of their youth. 38. What can be inferred from the“cruel irony” mentioned in the third paragraph? A. Professional efficiency is often achieved at the cost of personal happiness. B. The mastery of daily habits unconsciously speed up one's psychological aging. C. A well-organized life eventually leads to a total loss of memory for the past. D. High productivity reduces the subjective richness of the time we have lived. 39. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage? A. The Logbook of Days: Why Routines Help Us Manage Time. B. Footprints of Memory: Redefining the Duration of Life. C. Breaking the Rhythm: The Art of Living in the Digital Age. D. First Encounters: Why Childhood Memories Last Longer. 【答案】36. C 37. C 38. D 39. B 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要探讨人长大后感觉时间变快的原因。孩童新奇体验多，时间感知漫长；成人日常重复乏味。唯有创造新鲜经历，才能丰富记忆、留住时光。 【36题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词句中“When I was young, a single summer could feel like an entire ….( 在我年轻的时候，一个夏天仿佛就是……。)”以及第一段中“Those endless July afternoons of our youth stretched out in a haze(烟雾) of heat and boredom, where the rhythmic sound of a lawn mower or the distant sound of an ice-cream truck seemed to vibrate(震动) in a world that possessed all the time in the world. Now, as an adult, the seasons flip by like the pages of a thumbed-through magazine.( 我们青春岁月里那无尽的七月午后，在酷热与无聊的氛围中绵延不绝，割草机的有节奏的声响或是远处冰淇淋车的汽笛声，在这样一个拥有无限时间的世界里似乎都在跳动着。如今，作为成年人，四季就像翻阅过的杂志的页面一样匆匆而过。)”可知，此处强调童年时期对时间的感知是“漫长、仿佛没有尽头”的。由此可推知，“epoch”这个词的意思最接近于“一个似乎持续很长时间的时期”。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The brain, confronted with this constant shock of novelty, processes information with daunting (吓人的) intensity, creating a detailed mental map that makes time feel “thick” and expansive.( 面对这种持续不断的新奇刺激，大脑以惊人的强度处理信息，构建出一幅详尽的心理地图，从而使时间感觉“厚重”且广阔。)”可知，孩子们会感觉时间“漫长”是因为们大脑对新事物的反应需要耗费大量的脑力。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In this state of cognitive autopilot, the brain shortens time, discarding the seemingly extra data of our habitual lives. It is a cruel irony: the more efficiently we manage our routines, the more rapidly our lives seem to slip through our fingers.( 在这种认知的自动控制状态下，大脑会缩短时间，舍弃我们日常生活中那些看似多余的、无关紧要的数据。这是一种残酷的讽刺：我们越是高效地管理自己的日常事务，我们的生活似乎就越快从我们的指缝间溜走。)”可知，从第三段中提到的“残酷的讽刺”中可以推断出高效率降低了我们所度过时光的主观丰富度。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“If time is measured not by the ticking of a clock but by the footprints of memory, then a life lived in autopilot is fundamentally shorter, regardless of its chronological length.( 如果时间不是以钟表的滴答声来衡量，而是以记忆的痕迹来衡量，那么无论时间的长度如何，一种处于自动控制状态的生活本质上都是更短暂的。)”可知，文章探讨人长大后感觉时间变快的原因。孩童新奇体验多，时间感知漫长；成人日常重复乏味。唯有创造新鲜经历，才能丰富记忆、留住时光。由此可知，这篇文章最合适的标题是“《记忆的足迹：重新定义生命的长度》”。 (B) Guinea pig care Guinea pigs are hardy little animals, and their easy care makes them especially affordable pets! Medical needs While guinea pigs do not require routine vaccinations, an annual exam and parasite check is recommended. Seek out a veterinarian who is experienced in treating guinea pigs and is familiar with medical conditions such as: colds, bladder stones (膀胱结石), and infections. If a guinea pig seems sleepy eats very little or nothing, or is otherwise acting abnormally, consult a veterinarian immediately. Avoid using any medications intended for dogs or cats. Sterilizing (绝育) guinea pigs carries risks and must only be done by a veterinarian with guinea pig knowledge and experience. If you choose not to sterilize your pet, we discourage pairing male and female guinea pigs together. Diet Guinea pigs require unlimited amounts of fresh green grass hay. Most guinea pig tablets are alfalfa (苜蓿草) based, which is fairly high in calcium. Feeding additional alfalfa hay or treats may provide too much calcium and lead to bladder stone problems in some guinea pigs. Feed tablets are made specifically for guinea pigs. Feed approximately ¼-¼ c. of fresh tablets per animal daily. Avoid brands that contain lots of seeds and nuts, because the fat content of these foods is often too high for adult guinea pigs and they may choke on large or whole seeds. Fresh water must always be available, preferably in an easy-to-reach water bottle. Food bowls and water bottles should be cleaned and refilled with fresh food and water daily. Fresh greens and vegetables can be fed in moderation. Too large a quantity or variety can cause digestive or nutritional problems. Vegetables belonging to the cabbage family should be very limited(or avoided) as they can cause a serious condition. Fresh foods should always be thoroughly cleaned. Housing needs The best guinea pig cages are usually wire cages with a solid bottom (metal or plastic) that are easily removed for cleaning. Wire cage bottoms are not recommended as they can easily injure your pet’s toes or feet. A cage for a single guinea pig should be at least 24” wide x 24” long and at minimum 15” high. For two or more guinea pigs, a minimum 24” x 36” floor size is recommended. Add a small house inside the cage so the guinea pig has a private refuge when stressed or tired. This can be a small cardboard box or a commercially produced house available at your local pet store. Aquariums and plastic tubs are not recommended. They are usually not large enough, do not offer proper ventilation (通风), and isolate the guinea pig from its surroundings by preventing sight, sound, and smell. 40. If you want to take care of a guinea pig, you should _______. A. provide unlimited vegetables for its nutrition B. use medicines which are also suitable for dogs when it doesn’t feel well C. find a mate for it rather than sterilize it D. avoid food which are big in size and contain too much fat 41. Which of the following statements is true about housing needs? A. A commercially produced house is the best choice because it provides better protection. B. Any container that provides enough air and clear sight can be used as the cage. C. A cage which is at 24” wide x 28” long and at 15” high can only be used for one guinea pig. D. A house made of wire is recommended because it allows the guinea pig to see its surroundings. 42. According to the passage, which person is the most responsible owner of a guinea pig? A. Linda keeps it in a plastic tub and feeds it with cabbage every day. B. David puts it in a wire cage with a solid bottom, and does not pair males with females unless they are sterilized. C. Emily lets her mother shoulder the full responsibility of taking care of it. D. Tom feeds it with fresh green grass but refuses to take it to the veterinarian. 【答案】40. D 41. C 42. B 【解析】 【导语】文章从医疗、饮食、居住三方面介绍豚鼠饲养方法，叮嘱用药饮食禁忌，规范笼子尺寸样式，提醒日常体检，科学照料才能保障宠物健康。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Diet”部分“Avoid brands that contain lots of seeds and nuts, because the fat content of these foods is often too high for adult guinea pigs and they make choke on large or whole seeds.(要避免选择那些含有大量籽类和坚果的食品，因为这类食物中的脂肪含量往往过高，不适合成年豚鼠食用，而且它们还容易因吞食大颗或完整的籽类而噎住)”可知，如果你想要照顾一只豚鼠，你应该避免食用体积过大、脂肪含量过高的食物。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Housing needs”部分中“A cage for a single guinea pig should be at least 24” wide x 24” long and at minimum 15” high. For two or more guinea pigs, a minimum 24” x 36” floor size is recommended.(单只豚鼠的笼子至少应为宽24英寸、长24英寸，高度最低为15英寸。对于两只或以上的豚鼠，建议最小笼底尺寸为宽24英寸、长36英寸。)”可知，C选项“一个宽24英寸、长28英寸、高15英寸的笼子只能供一只豚鼠使用”正确。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Housing needs”部分中第一句“The best guinea pig cages are usually wire cages with a solid bottom (metal or plastic) that are easily removed for cleaning.(最好的豚鼠笼通常是带有坚固底部（金属或塑料材质）的金属网笼，这种笼子便于拆卸以便进行清洁)”以及“Medical needs”部分最后一段中“If you choose not to sterilize your pet, we discourage pairing male and female guinea pigs together.(如果你选择不对宠物进行绝育处理，我们不建议将公豚鼠和母豚鼠放在一起饲养)”可知，最好的豚鼠笼通常是带实心底部的铁丝笼，如果不给豚鼠绝育，不建议将公母豚鼠合养；B选项“大卫将豚鼠放在一个底部坚固的金属笼子里，并且除非雄性和雌性都进行了绝育手术，否则不会让它们配对饲养”是豚鼠的最负责任的主人。 (C) When Kōnosuke Matsushita, the founder of Panasonic, was asked what quality he valued most in job candidates, his answer confused everyone: whether they were lucky. Not their certificates, or their intelligence, but luck. While this sounds odd, neuroscience reveals that luck, far from being a roll of cosmic dice (掷骰子), operates through identifiable patterns of brain chemistry and behavior. The consistently lucky are not blessed by fate; they are running different neurological “software”. Consider the declaration “I am a lucky person”. It sounds like wishful thinking. But brain imaging shows that this shift in self-narrative activates the prefrontal cortex, moving the brain from threat-detection to opportunity-recognition mode. A self-described lucky individual notices possibilities that others, scanning the same environment, simply overlook. Over weeks and months, these perceptual micro-advantages compound. The lucky person encounters more openings, seizes more of them, and build up a track record that reinforces the original belief. The foundation of good fortune is also surprisingly biological. Our emotional resilience depends on serotonin (血清素), a neurotransmitter whose production follows a strict daily rhythm triggered by morning sunlight and a regular sleep-wake cycle. Those with irregular routines elevate cortisol (皮质醇), the stress hormone, which narrows attention to immediate threats and turn a blind eye to the place where valuable discoveries live. In many cases, the long-term unlucky are merely chronically sleep-deprived. Furthermore, lucky people possess an unusually clear awareness of their own fascinations. The brain’s dopamine system, which drives engagement, responds most powerfully to genuine interest rather than social conformity. By following their “fascination compass,” lucky individuals enter a cognitive state where they are more likely to encounter openings. They also score high on novelty-seeking — trying unfamiliar routes or talking to strangers — which acts as a lottery ticket careful individuals never buy. You might expect that people so devoted to their own desires would be fundamentally self-centered. Yet the opposite is true. Authentic acts of helping others activate the striatum — the brain’s deepest reward center — more powerfully than receiving a benefit oneself. By giving freely, lucky people build social capital that opens doors they didn’t even know existed. Ultimately, luck is not just a matter of chance; it is a set of daily habits. It comes from a healthy daily routine, the courage to genuine curiosity, and the persistence to remain in play. None of these require exceptional talent or privilege. They require only the recognition that luck is not something that happens to you. It is something you practise quietly, daily and with more neuroscience behind it than most people imagine. 43. Which of the following is true about the saying “I am a lucky person”? A. It is nothing more than wishful thinking. B. It helps the brain filter out environmental stimuli more efficiently. C. It shifts individuals’ focus from threat to opportunity. D. It provides an immediate fix for one’s bad fortune. 44. According to the passage, biological factors also contribute to one’s luck because _______. A. serotonin production is out of human control B. high cortisol levels are required to sharpen the brain’s focus on unexpected luck C. healthy lifestyle habits create the chemical basis for finding opportunities D. morning sunlight is the most important determinant of an individual's emotional resilience 45. What can we infer from the “selfishness” of lucky people? A. Their focus on personal interests is a strategy to maximize dopamine-driven engagement. B. They are self-centered individuals who usually pursue personal gain. C. Their dopamine system is activated only when they prioritize desires over others’ needs. D. Following one’s fascination is a method to avoid social responsibilities. 46. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The decisive role of luck in achieving career breakthroughs. B. The potential of positive thinking in reshaping one’s destiny. C. A neurological and behavioral approach to practicing luck. D. Biological limitations that determine an individual's fortune. 【答案】43. C 44. C 45. A 46. C 【解析】 【导语】本文从神经科学角度分析，运气并非偶然，而是由大脑化学物质、行为习惯、生活方式等可后天培养的因素决定，介绍了打造“好运气”的神经与行为逻辑。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Consider the declaration “I am a lucky person”. It sounds like wishful thinking. But brain imaging shows that this shift in self-narrative activates the prefrontal cortex, moving the brain from threat-detection to opportunity-recognition mode.(想想“我是个幸运的人”这句话。这听起来像是一厢情愿的想法。但大脑成像显示，这种自我叙述的转变会激活前额叶皮层，使大脑从威胁识别模式转向机遇识别模式)”可知，这句话能让人的注意力从威胁转向机遇。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Our emotional resilience depends on serotonin (血清素), a neurotransmitter whose production follows a strict daily rhythm triggered by morning sunlight and a regular sleep-wake cycle.(我们的情绪恢复力取决于血清素，这种神经递质的产生遵循由晨光和规律作息触发的严格每日节律)”可知，健康的生活方式能影响大脑化学物质分泌，为发现机遇打下生理基础。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“lucky people possess an unusually clear awareness of their own fascinations. The brain’s dopamine system, which drives engagement, responds most powerfully to genuine interest rather than social conformity. By following their “fascination compass,” lucky individuals enter a cognitive state where they are more likely to encounter openings.(幸运的人对自身的兴趣有着格外清晰的认知。驱动行为投入的大脑多巴胺系统，对真实兴趣的反应比对社会遵从的反应强烈得多。追随自己的“兴趣指南针”，幸运的人会进入更可能遇到机遇的认知状态)”可知，幸运者追随自身兴趣，是为了最大化多巴胺驱动的投入感。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“luck, far from being a roll of cosmic dice (掷骰子), operates through identifiable patterns of brain chemistry and behavior.(运气远不是随机的宇宙掷骰子，它遵循可识别的大脑化学和行为模式)”以及最后一段“luck is not something that happens to you. It is something you practise quietly, daily and with more neuroscience behind it than most people imagine.(运气不是降临到你身上的东西，它是一种你可以安静地、日常练习的东西，它背后的神经科学原理比大多数人以为的要多)”可知，全文围绕神经科学和日常行为习惯展开，解释运气的底层逻辑，并说明运气可以后天培养，C选项“培养运气的神经与行为方式”精准概括主旨。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. On October 5th, Katmai National Park & Preserve in southern Alaska kicked off Fat Bear Week, when the park’s brown bears compete with each other in a bracket challenge(竞猜) much like college basketball’s March Madness tournament. Fans use before and after photos to vote for the bear they think has gained the most weight over summer to prepare for hibernation (冬眠). ____47____ Fat Bear Week began in 2014 as Fat Bear Tuesday. Mike Fitz, a former park ranger (护林员) at Katmai, noticed that live webcams showing the bears generated a lot of online comments. He and the other rangers let people vote for the favourite fat bear on Facebook. The one-day event attracted just1, 700 votes in 2014. Last year’s week-long contest gathered nearly 800, 000. Like basketball matches, fans join office bracket pools and gather to watch the live bear cams set up around the park. Some go further. For example, Jean Gross is hosting a bear-themed potluck (百家饭). Guests must bring foods that appeal to both bears and humans, such as salmon and honey butter. The contest serves two purposes besides merely praising these bears. America’s national parks are often in remote, undeveloped areas. They can be difficult and costly to travel to. ____48____ “The webcams help to democratize the experience,” says Mr Fitz, now a naturalist for explore. org, which operates the bear cams. “It’s not limited to the fortunate few who can go to the river any more.” Second, Fat Bear Week heaps attention upon the bears, and the ecosystems they inhabit. The2, 200 bears of Katmai are so strong because they feed from one of the healthiest salmon runs in the world, says Sara Wolman, a former park ranger. ____49____ Brooks River, where Katmai’s bears like to fish, has so far avoided these threats. ____50____ Lasting for one week, it helps make feelings of doom about habitat loss and climate change go away. “Maybe things aren’t super great all the time in the world,” says Felicia Jimenez, a current Katmai ranger, “but there’s some really fat bears in Alaska.” A. Creators and fans of Fat Bear Week argue the contest has gone viral because it is a conservation success story. B. But what began as a specialized contest for conservationists has become a global campaign. C. The one who gains the highest votes will be awarded endless honey butter and salmon. D. Fat Bear Week brings Alaska’s pure wilderness to fans’ computer screens. E. These dedicated rangers are also responsible for identifying which bears have gained the most weight. F. Salmon in the Pacific Northwest have suffered due to overfishing, dam (水坝) construction and warming rivers due to climate change. 【答案】47. B 48. D 49. F 50. A 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要报道了阿拉斯加卡特迈公园开启肥熊周投票活动，这项赛事从小众活动发展成全球热门赛事。它方便民众线上观赏自然风光，也助力生态保护，舒缓了人们对环境问题的担忧。 【47题详解】 前文“Fans use before and after photos to vote for the bear they think has gained the most weight over summer to prepare for hibernation (冬眠).( 粉丝们会利用熊在夏季前后的变化照片进行投票，选出他们认为在冬季来临前为准备冬眠而增重最多的那只熊。)”介绍肥熊周的投票玩法，后文“Fat Bear Week began in 2014 as Fat Bear Tuesday. Mike Fitz, a former park ranger (护林员) at Katmai, noticed that live webcams showing the bears generated a lot of online comments. He and the other rangers let people vote for the favourite fat bear on Facebook. The one-day event attracted just1, 700 votes in 2014.( 2014 年，“肥熊周”最初是以“肥熊日”形式出现的。卡特迈公园的前护林员迈克·菲茨注意到，展示这些熊的实时网络摄像头引发了大量网络评论。他和其他护林员让人们在脸书上为他们认为体重增加最多的胖熊投票。这一为期一天的活动在 2014 年只获得了 1700 个投票。)”讲述赛事从 2014 年小规模活动发展到如今超高人气。B选项“But what began as a specialized contest for conservationists has become a global campaign.(起初这个竞赛仅面向环保人士，但如今已发展成为一场全球性的活动。)”这项最初面向环保爱好者的小众赛事，如今已然成为全球性活动，承上启下，契合规模变化的行文逻辑。 【48题详解】 上文“The contest serves two purposes besides merely praising these bears. America’s national parks are often in remote, undeveloped areas. They can be difficult and costly to travel to.( 该竞赛除了单纯地赞美这些熊之外，还有两个目的。美国的国家公园通常位于偏远、未开发的地区。前往这些地点旅行可能会既困难又昂贵。)”指出国家公园地处偏僻、出行不便，下文““The webcams help to democratize the experience,” says Mr Fitz, now a naturalist for explore. org, which operates the bear cams. “It’s not limited to the fortunate few who can go to the river any more.”(费茨先生说，他现在是explore.org 的自然学家，该组织负责运营这些熊的摄像头。“这种网络摄像头有助于让这种体验变得更加普及，”他说，“不再只局限于那些有幸能够前往河边的人了。”)”提到网络摄像头让大众都能参与观赏体验。D选项“Fat Bear Week brings Alaska’s pure wilderness to fans’ computer screens.( “肥熊周”将阿拉斯加纯净的自然风光呈现在粉丝们的电脑屏幕上。)”“肥熊周”将阿拉斯加原生态荒野呈现在网友屏幕上，衔接地理阻隔与线上观赏的关联。 【49题详解】 后文“Brooks River, where Katmai’s bears like to fish, has so far avoided these threats.( 布罗克斯河，这是卡塔米的熊喜欢捕鱼的地方，到目前为止还没有受到这些威胁的影响。)”出现指代词these threats，说明空格处要列举相关威胁。F选项“Salmon in the Pacific Northwest have suffered due to overfishing, dam (水坝) construction and warming rivers due to climate change.( 由于过度捕捞、水坝建设以及气候变化导致的河流变暖，太平洋西北地区的三文鱼数量已经减少。)”西北太平洋的三文鱼饱受过度捕捞、水坝修建与气候变暖危害，刚好对应后文提及的威胁，逻辑通顺。 【50题详解】 后文“Lasting for one week, it helps make feelings of doom about habitat loss and climate change go away. “Maybe things aren’t super great all the time in the world,” says Felicia Jimenez, a current Katmai ranger, “but there’s some really fat bears in Alaska.”(这项活动持续一周，有助于消除人们对栖息地丧失和气候变化的悲观情绪。“也许世上的情况并不总是那么美好，”现担任卡塔米公园管理员的费利西亚·吉梅内兹（Felicia Jimenez）说，“但在阿拉斯加，还是有一些非常胖的熊的。”)”本段总结赛事价值，能消解人们对生态破坏的消极情绪。A选项“Creators and fans of Fat Bear Week argue the contest has gone viral because it is a conservation success story.( “肥熊周”的组织者和参与者们认为，该活动之所以能迅速传播开来，是因为它是一个成功的保护行动的范例。)”活动发起者与爱好者认为赛事走红，源于它是生态保护的成功范例，总起本段主旨，贴合语境。 IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Do you share too much online? It’s good to share, right? Growing up as kids, we are told to share our toys and not to be selfish. We also live in an age when discussing our feelings is encouraged. But with new crazes trending all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a pillow as a dress, the question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media? Oversharing has become connected with social media, but isn’t exclusive to this platform. Imagine you head to a party and meet someone. Within five minutes they have given away intimate details about their life. While some of us may try to escape these people, according to marriage therapist Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to get close to someone. Besides, a painful developmental story lies behind the behaviour. People share too much because they have been too lonely. But they fail to understand the risks resulting from it. Dr Christopher Hand, a lecturer in cyberpsychology, says the more details people disclose, the less sympathy we express when things go wrong. This could be due to a belief that more negative experiences will be attracted if shared more. It seems that “sadfishing”, the idea of seeking sympathy by oversharing, is generally perceived as negative rather than the cry for help it could actually be. However, Dr Hand’s research also seems to suggest that the more we post online, the more socially attractive we become on condition that the posts we share are positive. Even back in 2015, Gwendolyn Seidman PhD, said we should avoid complaining too much and being negative online. We should also avoid showing off. especially about our love lives. It makes sense — if your date is going “that well”, would you really have time to share a photo with text? So, how can you know if you are oversharing? Well, why not ask your friends in real life? They would probably be more than happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your gripes about your lack of money really are too much. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Oversharing occurs not only on social media but also in real life, stemming from people’s loneliness and their desire to bond with others. Excessive personal disclosure usually fails to gain people’s sympathy. Nevertheless, while active and positive online posts can boost one’s social attractiveness, your real-life friends can help you judge whether your online sharing behavior counts as oversharing. 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了过度分享不仅存在于网络，也出现在现实生活中，分析了其产生原因、正负不同的社交影响，并给出了辨别自身是否过度分享的可行方法。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ①Oversharing has become connected with social media, but isn’t exclusive to this platform. ② this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to get close to someone. Besides, a painful developmental story lies behind the behaviour. People share too much because they have been too lonely. ③the more details people disclose, the less sympathy we express when things go wrong. ④ the more we post online, the more socially attractive we become on condition that the posts we share are positive. ⑤ why not ask your friends in real life? They would probably be more than happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your gripes about your lack of money really are too much. 2. 缜密构思 将要点①②整合为过度分享的存在范围与成因，要点③归纳为过度分享的消极影响，要点④梳理为积极发帖带来的正面效果，要点⑤整合为辨别过度分享的有效方式 3. 遣词造句 Oversharing takes place both online and offline, which results from people’s loneliness and their longing for close relationships. Revealing too many personal details tends to win little sympathy, while positive online posts can enhance one’s social charm. People can turn to their real-life friends to figure out whether they are oversharing. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Oversharing occurs not only on social media but also in real life, stemming from people’s loneliness and their desire to bond with others.（运用not only...but also...并列结构，搭配现在分词作伴随状语） [高分句型2] Nevertheless, while active and positive online posts can boost one’s social attractiveness, your real-life friends can help you judge whether your online sharing behavior counts as oversharing.（运用while引导的让步状语从句） V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 尽管缺乏经验，这位年轻教师依然全身心投入教育事业。(absence) （汉译英） __________________________________________________ 【答案】 Despite the absence of experience, the young teacher still devotes himself/herself wholeheartedly to the cause of education. 【解析】 【详解】“尽管缺乏某物”可用despite the absence of sth表达，作状语，“经验”用名词experience。主语“这位年轻教师”译为the young teacher； “全身心投入”用固定搭配devote oneself wholeheartedly to，“教育事业”用名词词组the cause of education；句子陈述客观现状用一般现在时即可，谓语devote用单数形式devotes。 53. 我忽然意识到，没有家人的陪伴，再成功的人生也会显得有些空虚。(strike) （汉译英） __________________________________________________ 【答案】 It suddenly struck me that without the company of family, even the most successful life would seem somewhat empty. 【解析】 【详解】“突然想起”可用固定it suddenly strike sb. that...，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时，strike的过去式为struck，“没有家人的陪伴”译为介词短语without the company of family；“再成功的人生”译为even the most successful，“显得有些空虚”译为would seem somewhat empty，would用于表达主观判断的委婉语气。 54. 这座古老的图书馆始于19世纪，馆藏从经典文学作品到学术著作应有尽有。(date) （汉译英） __________________________________________________ 【答案】The ancient library dates from the 19th century, and its collections range from classic literary works to academic works. 【解析】 【详解】表示“这座古老的图书馆”译为the ancient library；表示“始于”译为date from；表示“19世纪”译为the 19th century；and连接并列句，表示“馆藏”译为its collections；表示“从……到……应有尽有”为range from…to…；表示“经典文学作品”为classic literary works；表示“学术著作”为academic works。陈述事实用一般现在时。 55. 那些对历史复杂性一无所知的人，往往倾向于将自己狭隘的价值观强加于整个社会。(ignorant) （汉译英） __________________________________________________ 【答案】 Those ignorant of the complexity of history tend to impose their narrow values on the whole society. 【解析】 【详解】“对……一无所知”用固定搭ignorant of，形容词短语作those“那些人”的后置定语，“历史复杂性”用名词词组the complexity of history，谓语“往往倾向于”用动词短语tend to do，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语those是复数，tend用原形，“把……强加于……”用动词短语impose...on...，impose用不定式形式，“他们狭窄的价值观”用名词词组their narrow values作impose的宾语，“整个社会”用名词词组 the whole society作介词on的宾语。 VI. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高二学生李华最近，你的好朋友Alex来信说，他迷上了小说，无论何时何地都捧着书阅读，挤压上课以及睡觉的时间。他对此很担心，但无法解决这一问题，因此写信向你求助。请你用英语给Alex写一封回信，谈谈你的想法并给他一些建议。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Alex, I received your letter and understand your anxiety about being addicted to novels. While reading is beneficial, spending too much time on it, especially during classes and bedtime, will definitely ruin your academic performance and physical health. Here are some suggestions for you. First, it is highly recommended that you make a strict schedule. You can limit your reading time to half an hour after dinner or only read on weekends. Second, why not ask your parents or teachers to supervise you? They can keep your novels away when you need to focus on your studies. Lastly, participating in outdoor activities is also a good way to divert your attention from novels. I sincerely hope you can get out of this dilemma soon and strike a balance between reading and studying. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生用英语给Alex写一封回信，针对他迷上小说这一情况谈谈想法并给他一些建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 痴迷于：be addicted to → be obsessed with 有益的：beneficial → rewarding 肯定：definitely → certainly 真诚地：sincerely → genuinely 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Lastly, participating in outdoor activities is also a good way to divert your attention from novels. 拓展句：Lastly, participating in outdoor activities is also a good way that you can divert your attention from novels. 【点睛】【高分句型1】While reading is beneficial, spending too much time on it, especially during classes and bedtime, will definitely ruin your academic performance and physical health. (运用了while引导让步状语从句) 【高分句型2】Lastly, participating in outdoor activities is also a good way to divert your attention from novels. (运用了动名词作主语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $