上海复旦大学附属中学2025学年第二学期高二年级英语学科期中考试试卷

时间60分.A 复旦大学附属中学2025学年第二学期 高二年级英语学科期中考试试卷 (考试时间：120分钟；试卷满分：150分) I.Multiple Choice Questions (1*25=25) Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 1.Rosalind did all the hard parts of the research on the structure of DNA,so we need to the work to her. A.assign B.dedicate C.contribute D.credit 2. As the deadline for the linguistics project approached,the student realized he was in no to complete the final chapter due to extreme exhaustion. A.position B.time C.shape D hurry 3. When it comes to the decline of certain tribal languages,tt is not just the globalization but also urbanization that is for the loss of cultural diversity. A.blamed B.to blame C.being blamed D.to be blamed 4. The organization works to promote respect for human rights and calls on all countries to take action to protect the weak. A.mutual B.heartfelt C.thorough D.universal 5. Having grown up in a similar unstable environment,the social worker showed great to homeless youth,which helped her build trust with them and create effective support plans. A.empathy B.sympathy C.generosity D.gratitude 6 After the unexpected resignation of the chief engineer,the company had to find a capable professional in quick to take over the technical direction of the project. A.gesture B.sequence C.succession D.movement 7. The sincere smiles and authentic stories shared by the volunteers on the stage completely the whole sharing session,making it warm,touching and unforgettable. A.lit up B.stirred up C.heated up D.held up 8. On the eve of the war,there were flocks of passengers in Dubai International Airport scrambling for a ticket home,which formed a sharp contrast to the past. A.picky B.cautious C.enthusiastic D.frantic 9. If rosy projections for growth fade,share prices will probably but right now most investors are still positive about how the government will deal with the crisis. A.sway B.tumble C.soar D.rumble 10.Issues and problems relating to fishing,hydrocarbon exploration,tourism and communications clearly over national borders,leaving all related parties in fruitless negotiations and arguments at home and abroad. A.rip B.spill C.thunder D.explode 11.It is recommended that emergency notifications should be written in big red-letters so that it can out A.strand B.scratch C.strike D.stick 12.After years of working in poverty relief,the organization,which has long local charities for support,now funding projects that prioritize marginalized groups. A.leant on;leant against B.leant towards;leant on C.leant against;leant on D.leant on;leant towards 13.Recent cognitive research shows that the way we categorize colors in our minds closely our cultural background,and any change in language will lead to a shift in our visual perception. A.corresponding to;correspondent B.corresponding with;correspondent C.corresponds;corresponding D.corresponds to;corresponding 14.The school's position the use of smartphones is made clear in the Students 第1页共10页 Handbook.How can you claim that you have no idea about it? A.on account of B.in contrast to C.with regard to D.for the sake of 15.After the 7.8-magnitude earthquake,which reduced countless buildings to rubble and left thousands without food or shelter,the local government quickly coordinating rescue operations and restoring basic communication networks. A.lost;set up B.caught;set aside C.abandoned;set off D.stranded;set about 16.The newly-renovated museumn the students visited yesterday is the one my mother worked 30 years ago. A.that;in which B.where;where C.that;/ D.which:which 17. of you completes the three-kilometer obstacle course in the shortest time during the annual sports day will be qualified for the national competition. A.Whoever B.Each one C No matter who D.Whichever 18.Yard sales usually take place outside the house,with the audience on benches, chairs or boxes and all the earnings donated to the local charities. A.sat B.being sat C.seated D.seating 19.That was a difficult problem none of us could solve hnd we had to tur to Professor Williams for help. A.such;that B.so;that C.such;as D.so;as 20.On the wall of the hall two large paintings,each of which,together with its carved frame, more than one million dollars A.hang;costs B.is hung;cost C.are hung;cost D.hangs;costs 21.-I happened to catch sight of Cecilia in the company this morning. -Really?She back to work without the doctor's permission A.couldn't come B.couldn't have come C.might not have come D.must not have come 22. Many modern customs have gradually faded away in the face of rapid social change, ancient traditions. A.as B.as to C.as did D.as have 23. When I finished the story,Lee jumped up from his seat and started pacing the floor, deep in thought. A.his head bent B.in his head bent C.his head being bent D.with his head bending 24. public complaints about his discriminatory remarks over the last few months,the film star was reported from the newly-released advertising campaign. A Being flooded with;to have been removed B.Flooded with;to be removed C.Having flooded with;to have removed D.Having been flooded with;to have been removed 25.During the geological survey,the team announced they had discovered a narrow lake 80 meters at its widest point,and a new plan was made subsequently, the project of building a bridge across it. A.measured;involved B.measuring;having involved C.measuring;involving D.which was measured;being involved II.Grammar and Vocabulary (1*30=30) Section A(1*10=10分) Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. Weight Regain:The Hidden Problem of Obesity Medication As research has shown,people using weight loss drugs regain all the weight they have lost within a year of stopping the medication.A study,(26) present)at the European Congress on Obesity,found that even for those taking newer and higher-dose weight loss drugs like Wegovy,people put weight back on when they stopped treatment.Patients on Wegovy lost 第2页共10页 16kg on average but regained 9.6kg within a year,meaning they(27) (recover)all 16kg within just over 20 months.Weight regains seems an inevitable consequence(28): the injection continues. Susan Jebb.the professor of diet also noted even though the drugs are highly effective for weight loss,post-treatment weight regain is far faster than after dieting.The effect is most striking in the early post-treatment window,(29) the body's hormonal balance shifts dramatically and hunger signals intensify The findings therefore raise issues for the drugs'medication guidelines,given that the maximum duration for using the drugs is only two years.Additionally,many patients drop out early because of the financial burden and the side-effects.There is a growing uncertainty(30) 4t's worthwhile to invest in these drugs only for the short-term use and pile all the weight back. However,why does weight regain happen (31) (fast)after stopping drugs compared to after dieting?Susan speculated the difference might stem from the drugs'complete suppression of hunger:(32) dieting,the behavioral efforts required by drugs seem less demanding.This leaves patients without the strategies needed to develop a restrained eating habit to which they adapt(33) without any drugs'help. Experts were united in their subsequent adyice.Tam Fry of the National Obesity Forum highlighted weight regain (34) surprise no one if patients fail to seriously improve their lifestyles alongside drug use,stressing that these drugs are not a quick fix but a supplement to behavioral changes.Besides,patients coming off the drugs require psychological counselling and nutritional support to sustain healthier habits in the long term,and the healthcare system should introduce a progressive care approach- -from low-cost online resources to intensive one-to-one support- -(35) (aid)them in doing so. Section B(1*20=20分) Directions:Complete the following two passages by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that for each passage there is ONE WORD MORE than you need. (A) A.conventionally B.employed C.cut D hit B.piling F.liking G.modified II.processed L etticiently J.technically K.bearing A Basket of New Fruit Varieties is Coming Your Way "You don't notice the seeds in a blackberry until you've tried a seedless one,"says Tom Adams,the boss of Pairwise,a biotech company in North Carolina that is working on the first introduction of such a fruit.Gene-edited blackberries are not 36 without seeds.Rather, as with seedless grapes,those seeds are so small and soft as to be unmo:iceable.After the success O 37bred seedless snacks like grapes,watermelons and oranges,Pairwise is co-developing stoneless cherries with a partner.It is only a matter of time until more challenging fruits are similarly 38 Over thousands of years of domestication,humans have shaped fruit to their39 Today's peaches are 16 times the size of their ancient ancestors.The 1,200 varieties of watermelon bear little resemblance to the pale and seed-filled fruit that preceded them.Cultivated fruits also tend to be sweeter.Some modern fruits,however,achieve their sweetness by lowering acidity and bitterness rather than 40 in extra sugar. As Pairwise's blackberries and cherres show,advances in gene editing are allowing fruits to be altered in new ways.CRISPR(基因编辑技术)，the most popular such technique at the moment, and the one 41 by Pairwise,permits the deletion of single genes.That enables changes which would be hard to achieve through conventional breeding.Moreover,unlike existing genetically 42 crops,those made using CRISPR do not require DNA from a foreign organism to be inserted. Artificial intelligence is helping scientists design fruit more 43 Advanced computer models allow scientists to identify the best genes for flavor without the need for years of field trials.So far,however,few CRISPR-edited fruits have 44 the market,because of the time it takes to develop a new generation of fruits from an altered seed,says Ma Hong,a professor of biology at Penn State University in America.It can take several years for apple or 第3页共10页 peach trees to begin fruit.As a result,the technology is most advanced for tomatoes and strawberries,crops in which the process takes only a few months. (B) A.unwelcome B.wake C virtually D.bubbling B.sparked F.shut G course H.symbolically I.enduring J.struck K.appealing Fifteen Years after Fukushima,Japan Faces an Energy Dilemma Electrical wires stretch above the pine trees around the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa(KK)nuclear power plant,along Japan's northern coast.With seven reactors,this world-leading nuclear plant can support millions of homes,which is vital as Middle East conflicts raise gas costs.As with all Japan's nuclear fleet ()KK 46 following the Fukushima nuclear accident.But exactly 15 years later,it is 4.back to life.After winning long-sought approval from regulators and local authorities,the plant's operator,the Tokyo Electric Power Corporation (TEPCO),restarted the first of the reactors last month The powering up of KK is 48charged.TEPCO ran the ill-fated Fukushima reactors; KK is its first to restart since then.For nuclear boosters,it shows that atomic energy still has a future in Japan.For critics,it marks the 49 revival of a technology too risky for an earthquake-prone country.Mostly,it reflects the dnemma Japan's energy policy has come to:a lack of growth in renewables,an ageing nuclear facilities and50dependence on imported fossil fuels. Japan is a resource-poor country.Nuclear power once seemed to offer a solution.By 2010 it had 54 operational reactors,providing some 25%of its electricity;the government aimed to expand that to around 50%by 2030.Then on March 11th 2011 the Great East Japan Earthquake 51,sending tsunami waters that flooded the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant.The disaster changed the politics of power. In the 52 ot i'ukushima,a different energy strategy took shape.All nuclear reactors were closed for inspections;a new body,the Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA),started to enforce tougher supervision.Although reactors were gradually allowed to restart after passing new safety tests,their use was minimised.Energy efficiency drove electricity consumption down. Generous financial help from the government53a solar-power boom.Gaps were filled by gas and coal.Japan imports 54 all its oil,gas and coal;in the OECD,a mostly rich-country club,only Luxembourg relies more on imported energy. In recent years Japan has changed again.The government now offers less support for renewables,while pushing harder for a nuclear revival,pledging to reach carbon neutrality by 2050. III.Reading Comprehension(15+30=45) SectionA(1*15=15分) Directions:For each blank in the following two passages there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Does being bilingual affect how your brain works?Evidence suggests that there is,at the very least,some56benefit.For example,children who grew up in a bilingual household may be able to pay attention to and 57 more of the world around them,allowing them to notice changes in their environment more 58 And now,a recent study hints that those advantages might last into adulthood. The researchers behind the study,published in Nature in January,had previously found evidence that bilingual infants were speedier than their monolingual 59 at noticing changes in images displayed on a screen."We just wanted to see if we ran the same tasks in adults, whether these early adaptations would last into adulthood,"says Dean D'Souza,a psychology researcher at Anglia Ruskin University in Cambridge,England. So D'Souza and his colleagues applied a similar experiment to 127 adults who were either monolingual or bilingual.The researchers queried each bilingual 60 to measure how long it took to learn their second language after they learned their first language.That time ranged from 61-if they learned both first and second languages simultaneously in their childhood-to as long as 28 years. The researchers then had the participants 62 a pair of tests.In the first,the researchers displayed an image in the middle of a screen,then measured how long the adults took to notice another image that appeared at the edge of the screen.In the second,the researchers displayed two pictures,gradually changing one of them to measure how quickly the participants realized the 63 In both tests,early bilinguals-those who 64 their second language soon after their first-picked up on the changes before late bilinguals,hinting that there's some cognitive conditioning that allows people who learn a different tongue early on to switch their 65 more smoothly. D'Souza believes that these different reactions 66 the complexity of an infant's learning environment.The more languages spoken in an infant's house,for instance,the more words and sounds they're exposed to.What's more,not every speaker is perfect in his or her way of speaking,meaning that a child hearing more languages might also hear 67 ."The idea, then,is that this maybe drives infants to seek out other sources of information just to give them that extra help,"D'Souza says That extra information could come from68 cues.Children might try tracking a speaker's lips,watching a speaker's facial expressions,or following where a speaker is looking. Searching for such cues may encourage children to be bolder in using their eyes to explore what's around them.Monolinguals, 69 don't develop those abilities as much.And if this study is any indication,the cognitive effects from that practice follow a bilingual child right through 70 56.A.reflective B.cognitive C.intellectual D.logical 57.A.document B.highlight C.picture D:process 58.A.boldly B.clearly C.fully D.quickly 59.A.parents B.candidates C.counterparts D.opponents 60.A.object B.subject C.client D.applicant 61.A.start B.babyhood C.zero D.forever 62.A.undergo B.pass C.conduct D.retake 63.A.absence B.modification C.adaptation D.shift 54.A.pick up B.take up C.try out D.figure out 65.A.concentration B.attention C.mode D.attitude 66.A.contribute to B.consist of C.stem from D.make up 67.A.mistakes B.noises C.omissions D.accents 68.A.visual B.audiovisual C.textual D.oral 69.A.for example B.on the other hand C.after all D.on top of that 70.A.infancy B.childhood C.adolescence D.adulthood Section B(2*11=22分) Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Professor Heinz Wolff,who has died aged 89,was a bioengineering pioneer.He established the discipline,named it and,in a 60-year career,made significant contributions to medical research.But to the British public,he was best known as the "dotty"scientist who fronted The Great Egg Race,a BBC show in which colour-coded teams were set engineering challenges(the first was to transport an egg in a vehicle powered by rubber bands).With his trademark bow tie, half-moon glasses and Mittel-European accent,he looked really like Professor Branestawn,as described by W.Heath Robinson.Yet while he cheerfully exploited his reputation as a"peculiar egghead",he was very serious about his work and inspired thousands of young people to consider scientific careers. Born in Berlin in 1928,Heinz Wolff was the son of Jewish parents.His mother died in 1938, and the next year the family fled.They arrived in Britain on the day war was declared."We really cut it rather fine,"he said on Desert Island Discs in 1998.After leaving school,he worked as a technician at the Radcliffe Infirmary in Oxford,where he invented a machine to count red blood cells,and then at the National Institute for Medical Research's pneumoconiosis research unit in 第5页共10页 Cardiff,where he designed a means of measuring dust levels in coal miners.He went on to study at University College London and graduated with a first in physics and physiology.Then,in 1983, he founded the Institute for Bioengineering at Brunel University.His particular interest was in technologies to improve the lives of older people,but he was also heavily involved in space research and worked as an adviser to the European Space Agency. Wolff had made his first appearance on TV on Panorama in 1966,encouraging Richard Dimbleby to swallow a"radio pill".On The Great Egg Race,which ran from 1979,his task was to get opponent tearns representing organizations such as the chemical company ICI.Challenges included building a hovercraft from a lawnmower,and inventing a bicycle that could ride on water. Marks were awarded for entertainment value and technical accomplishment. The show ended in the mid-1980s,but Wolff continued to judge scientific competitions,on TV and elsewhere.A natural entertainer with an inexhaustible curiosity about the world,he said he'd be happy to dress up as a clown if it got children interested in science. 71.The word"dotty"in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to A.unnoticed B.devoted C.strange D.brilliant 72. Which of the following statements is TRUE of Heinz Wolff? A.His family narrowly escaped the danger of war in Berlin. B. He invented a machine while at University College London. C His interest lay in helping those living in war-stricken areas. D.He majored in physics and physiology at Brunel University. 73. Which of the following is an achievement made by Heinz Wolff? A. Representing a chemical company. B. Designing a method to count red blood cells C. Being the first scientists to front TV shows D. Setting up the discipline of bioengineering. 74.Heinz Wolff didn't mind looking ridiculous as long as A. he could keep being curious about the world B. he could contribute to scientific advancement C he could combine entertainment and technology D. he could help arouse children's interest in science (B) HOW TO ORGANIZE A SUCCESSFUL BAKE SALE FOR CHARITY ubhshed Out !b 2021 Your Charity Bake Sale Could Be the Talk of the Town!As a seasoned baker and mom of three,I've cracked the code on organizing a bake sale for charity,and I'm spilling all my sugary secrets.Get ready to whip up some serious dough for your favorite cause! The Recipe for Bake Sale Magic First up,pick a cause that'll melt hearts faster than butter in a hot pan.Animal shelters,children's hospitals,local schools-whatever makes your community tick.Trust me,when people know their sweet tooth is supporting something amazing,they'll reach for their wallets before you can say "homemade apple pie". Location,Location,Location! Now,where to set up shop?Think foot traffic!I once parked my goodies outside the library on a busy Saturday,and those bookworms couldn't resist a little brain food.School events,farmers markets,or even your front yard can be 第6页共10页 goldmines.Just ensure you've got permisslon-nobody wants their bake sale shut down by the fun police! The Secret Sauce:Make It Fun! Who says charity has to be serious?Add some pizzazz to your sale: Host a bake-off contest and crown the nelghborhood's best baker Set up a "decorate your own cupcake"station for kids (and kids at heart) Create a "Guess the secret Ingredient"qame for a mystery bake Offer a "baker's dozen"deal-buy 12 items,get one free Team up with a local coffee shop to offer drink pairings The Cherry on Top As the last crumbs are swept away,take a moment to bask in your success. You've done something amazing!Share your triumph on social media,thank everyone who helped,and start dreaming about your next event-because once you've tasted the sweet success of a charity bake sale,you'll be hooked! Remember,it's not just about the money raised (though that's pretty sweet). It's about bringing your community teqether,sharing your passion for baking, and making a difference one treat at a time. So there you have it-your foolproof recipe for bake sale triumph!With these bake sale for charity tips in your apron pocket,you're all set to create an event that's as sweet as it is successful.Now,who's ready to change the world,one cookie at a time? 75. According to the author,when organizing a bake sale,you should choose the cause that A.attracts media coverage the most B. your community responds most readily to C. costs the least amount of money to support D.you can take pride in the most 76.According to the passage,which bake sale is most likely to succeed? A. A sale in an exclusive club with prior food safety permission. B.A sale in a farmers market,offering a"baker's dozen"deal. C. A sale on the School Open Day that sells cookies to kids only. D.A sale at a drive-thru with a"decorate your own cupcake"station 77.In the author's view,what matters most in organizing a charity bake sale? A.Raise money for your cause. B. Be the talk of the town. C. Knit your community together. D. Pass on the baking recipe. (C) To get the most accurate answer from a large language model,make sure to prompt it in the right language.An English-speaking user asking a world-leading model what to do about swollen legs late in pregnancy might be advised to watch out for pre-eclampsia,a common complication responsible for over 70,000 maternal deaths a year.An expectant mother who speaks Swahili( 瓦希里语)，on the other hand,might be more likely to be told not to worry.This illustrates a widespread problem affecting large language models (LLMs):even when an English-language version passes a safety test,it can still hallucinate dangerous misinformation in other languages. The dominance of English-language data not only affects the answers LLMs give;it also shapes how they work.Before processing text,models break it up into small units known as tokens.For example,in GPT-5 models,the first sentence in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights can be encoded in 36 tokens in English,but takes 62 in Mandarin,and 132 in Yoruba. Models trained predominantly on English often break non-English text into inefficient fragments, requiring more tokens to express the same meaning.Because developers pay for model access 第7页共10页 based on the number of tokens processed,the same prompt can cost up to five times more in another language than the same English prompt. Even explicitly multilingual models are subject to these pressures.A paper shows that the model often answers non-English questions by first retrieving facts in English and then translating the answer at the final step.Adding such additional steps introduces more opportunrties for error. The researchers found that these failures are most pronounced in languages like Mandarin, Japanese,and Korean,in which models got fewer than a quarter of factual answers correct,even when their internal representations showed that it had found the correct English answer. One seemingly obvious response would be to add more English to a user's prompt.But this can backfire.A study published in 2023 found that mixing languages within a single query,a practice known as code-mixing,often degraded performance even further.Models prompted with a mixture of English and Swahili perform markedly worse than those queried in either language. The researchers suggest this happens because mixing languages introduces competing internal representations and compounds translation errors,rather than helping models anchor on English. Fortunately,adding even small amounts of non-English data to a model's training data can help boost its performance.In their paper,Dr Alhanai and her team found that fine-tuning a model with a small number of high-quality samples increased its accuracy in that language by over five percentage points.Even adding data from arelated language led to improvements.A more intensive approach is to redesign the way models break text into tokens.While such tokenisation is often leamned automatically from large data sets,researchers can deliberately train models on more linguistically diverse data,producing more natural representations of different languages and improving the model's ability to accurately and efficiently reason in them. 78.The author mentions the example of expectant mothers asking about swollen legs late in pregnancy to A.warn Swahili-speaking users that the model may underestimate the risks of pre-eclampsia B. suggest that English speakers are more likely to get accurate medical information from LLMs C.argue that LLMs safety tests should be performed in multiple languages to be considered valid D. illustrate that LLMs can generate harmful misinformation in languages they are less trained on 79.Why do prompts given in non-English languages usually get wrong answers? A.Users often mix languages in a single prompt. B. English LLM can't break non-English text efficiently. C. Training data in non-English languages Is unavailable. D. The processing algorithms for English prompts are more developed. 80.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Translation process can make LLMs more friendly to non-English users. B. Code-mixing can boost the performance of LLMs in multilingual contexts C. Multilingual models answer non-English questions by extracting facts in target language. D Competing internal representations and translation mistakes make performance worse. 81.What can be inferred about a language's tokenisation efficiency? A.Improving tokenisation efficiency is the first step in improving the accuracy of non-English LLMs. B. Languages with less efficient tokenisation may suffer from lower accuracy due to higher usage costs. C. Languages requiring more tokens to express the same meaning are more likely to receive accurate answers. D. High-quality data from one language and its sibling languages automatically translates to natural tokenisation. Section C(2*4=8分) Directions:Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are TWo MORE sentences than you need. 面hn而 A. To deny the importance of emojis is like fighting a losing battle. B Like any emerging language,emojis come with rules not everyone immediately understands. C This tension between intended and perceived meaning is the beating heart of emoji culture. D Although emojis use may seem childish and even outdated to some people,it's actually not a short-lived trend. E. For Gen Z,this humble-seeming emoji often denotes sarcasm and is as inadvisable as finishing a text with a full stop. F. This shift has not gone unnoticed by brands,who increasingly embed emojis into campaigns as a shorthand for building connection and youth appeal. Emojis are Now Everywhere-but Using Them Can be a Minefield Emojis have taken over our daily lives.Many celebrities also like using emojis in their social media posts.The US national security adviser,Mike Waltz,even used them when talking about a military attack in Yemen. (82) It's increasingly a language in its own right and evolving fast.Not so long ago,few would bother searching for an icon when just typing a word is clearer and crucially quicker.Nevertheless,that was then.Now more and more people lean on these ubiquitous 不在：的)little icons. Why?Because the printed word is a hopeless carrier of tone.If you want to transmit how you feel in writing,emojis are your friend.However,they can also lead to misunderstanding.Take Waltz's leaked signal message.To some,it conveyed patriotic pride.To others,shocking arrogance from a vulgar invader.(83) Using pictures in language is hardly new.From cave art to ancient Egyptian scripts,graphical communication predates the alphabet.And the craving for nuance goes back decades when the computer science professor Scott Fahlman proposed:-)as a joke marker to help students avoid misinterpreting online messages in 1982,while emojis originated on a 1988 Sharp laptop and entered the mainstream in 1999. Today,people of all ages are using emojis and miscommunication is therefore everywhere. For example,if you use the most basic smiley face,innocently assuming this means"happy", please beware.(84) As a result,one using emojis may get caught in a minefield without a careful understanding of the context. Maybe it's time the Oxford English Dictionary added an emoji appendix,an official reference table of these ubiquitous images.Sound far-fetched?The OED made"face with tears of joy"its word of the year in 2015,noting it had caused a marked surge in linguistic usage that year.(85) As the cliche goes,a picture is worth a thousand words.In the march of the emojis,the only real surprise is why any of us were surprised. IV.Summary Writing(10) Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible. 86 How to Invest in Impact While reports of fraud and mismanagement can take the forefront in the media,the reality is that the vast majority of charities are working in good faith to do good work.There are endless ways to do good in the world and almost as many charites working toward worthwhile goals. The first thing you must decide as a donor is what you want to accomplish with your gifts. Whether you aim to help reduce homelessness in your community,support national-level journalism,or tackle the global climate crisis,clarifying what you want to accomplish will help you narrow your search for organizations to support. People often turn to nonprofit-financiat information for insights into efficiency and sustainability,but it should not be the sole determining factor for charitable decision-making. Evaluating charities'effectiveness and trustworthiness.involves.considering various aspects beyond just finances such as their impact,equity practices,leadership,and more.Make sure you evaluate the charity comprehensively before deciding whether or not to donate. 第9页共10页 Volunteering is both an excellent way to givo book and a great way-to see the impact of an organization in action.Begin by determining your volunteering interests and the time commitment you.can make.Then,compile a list of charities you're passionate about and inquire about available volunteer opportunities.I hrough your volunteering experience,you'll gain valuable insights into the charity's operations and witness the direct impact on beneficiaries-which will give you great insight into whether this is an organization you want to continue supporting. Making an impact requires intention,but it doesn't have to be hard.With these tips in mind, you are ready to jump in. V.Translation (3+3+4+5=15) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets. 87.许多学者认为，文化差异很大程度上导致了跨文化交流中的误解。（account) 88.对地震灾区人民而言，失去亲人的痛苦和生活必需品的匮乏让他们的处境雪上加霜。 (strike) 89.慈善的力量在于，它能以微小却持久的善意，激励人们跨越困境、传递爱心并回馈社会。 (prompt) 90.随着油价不断攀升和环保意识增强，越来越多的人倾向于骑自行车通勤，这不仅在一定 程度上缓解了交通压力，还促进了健康、可持续的生活方式的形成。(which) VI.Guided Writing(25) Directions:Write an English composition of about 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明中学的学生李华，为落实中小学生每天综合体育活动时间不低于2小时的要求， 学校每天下午新增了30分钟体育活动时间，目前就活动方案向同学们征集建议。请你给学 校写一封信，内容须包括： 1)你所推荐的活动方案， 2)推荐该方案的理由。