专题1 第1节 动词和动词短语-【名师学案】2026年中考英语复习堂堂清

第二篇语法专项梳理 专题一玩转动词 第一节 动词和动词短语 知识思维导图 动词原形 如：watch/grow/study/go -般情况加-s:grow一grows 以s,x,sh,ch结尾加-es:watch-一watches 以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i加-es:study-一studies 第三人称单数 部分以o结尾的词，加-es:go一goes 一般情况加-ed:help一helped 以字母e结尾加-d:use一used 考点1 以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i加-ed:study一studied 动词的 -studied;carry-carried-carried 基本形式 以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母 规则变化 再加-ed:stop一stopped-一stopped 过去式 A一B-C型：begin-—began-—begun 过去分词 A一B-B型：bring一brought-一brought A一B-A型：become—became-become 不规则变化 A一A一A型：cut一cut一cut,put—put-put 般情况加-ing:grow一growing 以不发音的e结尾的词，去e加-ing:use一using 以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母加-ing: 动名词/ stop-stopping;plan-planning 动词和动词短语 现在分词 “存在类”：be(am,is,are)。e.g.I am a Chinese 持续类”keep/stay等。e.g.She kept studying until midnight. ‘变化类”：turn/become/.get等。e.g.The leaves turn yellow in autumn 感官动词：sound/,look/taste/feel等。e.g.The cake tastes delicious.. 系动词 及物动词（需接宾语）：accept,.answer,.buy,finish,give,like,leave, make,watch,write等。e.g.I like him. 不及物动词（无需加宾语）：arrive,come,go,happen,rise,run,sit, 实义动词 smile,wait,walk e.g.Don't run in the hallway. 基本助动词be,do,have后加分词或原形组成谓语。 考点2 e.g.I am reading. 动词的分类 情态助动词might,.may,could,can,should,ought to,will,shall, 助动词（不能 need,must后加动词原形构成谓语。e.g.I can play the piano. 单独作谓语) 情态动词 同一动词+不同介词/副词 不同动词+同一介词/副词 不同动词+不同介词/副词 考点3 动词+其他 动词短语 引领学案备考新模式 130 考点一动词词义辨析 考点解读 常见的动词词义辨析： 词义 词（组） 用法 get get to+地，点名词 三个“到达” reach 及物动词，后面可直接跟地，点名词 arrive in十大地，点（名词）；at十小地，点（名词） borrow 非延续性动词，表示主语“借入”，常用搭配borrow sth..from sb. 三个“借” lend 非延续性动词，表示主语“借出”，常用搭配lend sth.tosb. keep 延续性动词，表示“长时间地借” dress dress sb.给某人穿衣服；dress sb.up装扮某人 三个“穿” put on “穿上，戴上”，表示动作 wear “穿着，戴着”，表示状态 see “看见”，表示结果 look “看”，表示动作，是不及物动词，后面需加介词才能跟宾语，常用搭配为l0okt 四个“看” watch “观看（比赛、电视等）” read “看（书、报等）”，表示阅读 bring “带来，拿来”，表示“拿到靠近说话人的地方” take “拿去，带走”，表示“拿到远离说话人的地方” 四个“拿” carry “提，拿，搬”，多指用力移动，没有方向 fetch “去取，去拿”，表示“往返拿东西”，相当于get speak 作及物动词时后常接表示语言的名词 say 常跟直接引语或间接引语，并且表示说的内容 四个“说” talk 是不及物动词，常跟介词t0或wth,意为“同…谈话”，也表示具有说话的能力 tell “说，讲述”，与story连用意为“讲故事” spend 人作主语，表示“某人花费时间或金钱做某事”，后接time/money on sth.或(in)doing sth cost 物作主语，表示“某物花费多少钱” 四个“花费” 可用于固定句型，表示“花费一段时间做某事”，其结构为：It十takes/took十sb.十一段 take 时间十to do sth. pay 多与介词for连用 look for “寻找”，强调寻找的过程 两个“找” find “找到”，强调找的结果 listen to listen为不及物动词，与to组成固定搭配，强调听的动作 两个“听” hear 强调听的结果 lose “输”，常用搭配为lose to sb. 四个有关 fail “失败”或“未做成某事” “赢、输” beat “打败”，后接sb.或某支队伍 win “赢得”，常用于赢得荣誉、地位、比赛等 131中考复习堂堂清·英语 词义 词（组） 用法 join 一般指加入“党派”或“组织”，如参军、入党等 三个“参加”take part in指参加聚会或活动 attend 一般指出席会议 turn 一般用于颜色的变化 get 天变黑、变长或变短 四个“变化 become 天气变暖或变冷等，表示渐变 grow 形状变大或变小 知识运用生成 一、根据语境，从方框中选择合适的单词填空。 take spend solve read trust forget 1.We should more time talking with our teachers so that they can understand us better. 2.It's best not to run away from our problems.We should always try to them. 3.-Hello!Can I speak to Jenny,please? Sorry,she isn't in.Can I a message? 4.He is so honest a man that we all him. 5.I have a memory like an elephant and I never anything. 6.-Have you Treasure Island before? -Yes,I have.It is very interesting. 二、根据语境，用所给词的适当形式填空。 7.(2024·平凉)Education (keep)your choice open. 8.(2o24·无锡)The children did a lot of research in the lab (finish)the science project. 9.(2024·扬州)Elena (drop)the novel she was reading on the desk and looked out the window. 10.(2024·包头)Many students have trouble (communicate)with their parents. However,with a little hard work,they can learn to solve this problem. 11.(2024·无锡) (keep)calm and carry on.There's still a long way to go. 考点二动词短语 考点解读 1.常见的动词短语有如下几种形式： 类型 例词 动词十介词 laugh at嘲笑worry about担忧agree with赞成ask for请求talk about谈论 动词十副词 pick up捡起grow up长大look out当心 stay up熬夜 动词十名词 make progress取得进步make faces做鬼脸 动词十名词十介词 make friends with…和…交朋友give one's life to…献身于… 动词十副词十介词 stay away from远离get along with与…和睦相处 动词十介词十名词 go to school去上学go to bed上床睡觉 引领学案备考新模式 132 2.常见的动词短语： 类型 例词 take up占据；从事take off起飞；脱掉take down写下；记下take out拿出来 take短语 take place发生take care of照顾 make a decision做出决定make a mistake犯错make a living谋生 make短语 make up组成；构成；编造（故事、谎言等） turn短语 turn on打开turn off关闭turn up开大；调高turn in上交turn down调低；关小；拒绝 give短语 give up放弃give out散发；分发give away捐赠give off发出（光、热等） get to到达get up起床get over克服get ready for.…为…做准备 get短语 get on上（车、船、飞机等）；进展get of下（车、船、飞机等）；离开get together相聚 keep短语 keep away from远离keep in touch保持联系keep healthy保持健康 put短语 put up搭建；张贴put off推迟put away把…收起来 look短语 look at看look for寻找look after照顾look up查阅look through浏览look around环顾 come短语 come on加油；快，点come in进来come out出现；出版come over来访 g0短语 goon继续g0away走开；离开g0by(时间)流逝go over仔细检查 【拓展】 在“动词十介词”型短语中，代词作宾语时，位于介词后；在“动词十副词”型短语中，代词作宾语时，代 词位于动词和副词之间。 知识运用生成 根据中文意思，补全英语译文。 1.(中考·宜昌改编)神州十八号的宇航员将在今年10月返回。 The astronauts in Shenzhou XVl will in October this year. 2.(2024·临夏州)由于昨天突然下大雨，学校运动会被推迟了。 The school sports meeting was because of the sudden heavy rain yesterday. 3.(2024·平凉)机会属于准备充分的人。 Chances those people who are well prepared. 4.(2024·天津)他的新书将在明年出版。 His new book will next year. 5.(2024·天津)哈里打开电脑查看电子邮件。 Harry his computer and checked his email. 6.(2024·云南改编)公共汽车太挤了，他们不得不等下一辆。 The bus was so crowded that they had to the next one. 7.(2024·云南改编)我想成为一名宇航员，我希望我的梦想在未来能够实现 I want to be an astronaut and I hope my dream will in the future. 8.(2024·陕西A卷改编)如果你想乘坐公交车，地图小程序能告诉你选择哪一路车。 If you want to map apps can tell you which one to choose. 9.(2024·达州)木兰女扮男装，替父从军。 Mulan dressed up like a boy and her father's to fight in the army. 10.父母忙的时候，小刚会帮忙照看妹妹 Xiaogang helps to his younger sister when his parents are busy. 133中考复习堂堂清·英语词义拓展探究 1.(1)C(2)A2.(1)B(2)A 九年级（全）Unit11 针对训练 1.interesting 2.made 3.heard 4.it 5.him 6.buy 7.would;than 8.drove me crazy 9.driven off 10.going for a drive 重点短语归纳 1.would rather 2.the more...the more...3.be friends with sb.4.leave out 5.feel like doing sth.6.call in 7.neither...nor...8.prime minister 9.take one's position 10.to start with 11.let...down 12.kick sb.off 13.be hard on sb.14.rather than 15.pull together 16.in agreement 高频词汇运用 1.agreement 2.friendship 3.uncomfortable 4.weight 5.coaches 6.courage 7.nor 8.on 9.more 10.with 11.pull together 12.leave out 13.called in 14.let;down 15.kicked;off 词义拓展探究 1.(1)B(2)A2.(1)B(2)C 九年级（全）Unit12 针对训练 1.had been 2.came 3.by 4.living 5.alive 6.lively 7.live 8.lively 重点短语归纳 1.by the time...2.give...a lift 3.be about to do sth.4.in line with 5.stare at 6.in disbelief 7.turn into 8.costume party 9.show up 10.sell out 高频词汇运用 1.disbelief 2.discoveries 3.overslept 4.worker 5.unexpected 6.disappeared 7.about 8.fooled 9.at 10.sold 11.give;a lift 12.in line 13.show up 九年级（全）Unit13 针对训练 1.harmful 2.to 3.to offer 4.them 5.can't afford 重点短语归纳 1.make a difference 2.be harmful to 3.at the top of 4.the food chain 5.take part in 6.afford to do sth.7.take action 8.turn off 9.pay for 4 10.throw away 11.put sth.to good use 12.pull down 高频词汇运用 1.scientific 2.wooden 3.fishermen 4.works 5.difference 6.recycled 7.off 8.an 9.for 10.at 11.brought back 12.take action 13.take part 14.throw away 15.pulled down 词义拓展探究 1.(1)A(2)C2.(1)B(2)A 九年级（全）Unit14 针对训练 1.getting 2.congratulations 3.on/upon 4.divides 5.separated from 重点短语归纳 1.meet the standards of 2.in a row 3.look back at 4.make a mess 5.keep one's cool 6.senior high (school)7.go by 8.believe in 9.first of all 10.be thirsty for 11.be thankful to sb. 12.ahead of 13.along with 14.be responsible for 15.set out 16.separate from 高频词汇运用 1.manager 2.keep 3.caring 4.overcame 5.thankful 6.with 7.of 8.back 9.by 10.a 11.thirsty for 12.make a mess 13.responsible for 14.set out 单元语法整合（九年级全Units10-14) 针对训练 1.arrived;had left 2.didn't go;had been 3.had read 4.has lain;fell 5.had run 6.had been on 7.had;taken 第二篇 语法专项梳理 专题一玩转动词 第一节动词和动词短语 考点一 知识运用生成 1.spend 2.solve 3.take 4.trust 5.forget 6.read 7.keeps/will keep 8.to finish 9.dropped 10.communicating 11.Keep 考点二 知识运用生成 1.come back 2.put off 3.belong to 4.come out 5.turned on 6.wait for 7.come true 8.take the bus 9.took;place/ position 10.look after 第二节情态动词 知识运用生成 1.can 2.can't 3.needn't 4.might 5.must 6.May 7.shouldn't 8.may be 9.Can;join 10.should learn 11.can look 第三节动词的时态 知识运用生成 1.visited 2.will take 3.has 4.am attending 5.was having 6.have worked 7.has been 8.arrived/got in/to 9.behaves like 10.were doing/trying 11.will go 第四节动词的语态 知识运用生成 1.invented 2.built 3.solved 4.spread 5.achieved 6.be found 7.is sent 8.should be planted 9.are planted 10.were invented 第五节主谓一致 知识运用生成 1.is 2.has 3.is 4.are 5.is 6.is 7.are 8.is 9.go 10.is 易错提醒 1.turning 2.developed 3.touched 4.trying 5.will be 6.C 7.cares about us 8.written it down 9~10.AA 11.must;needn't/don't have to 12.B 13.used 14.will review 15.won 16.were planning 17.cares 18.checked 19.smells 20.needs 21.happened 22.be taken 23.don't allow 24.opens 第六节非谓语动词 知识运用生成 1.listening 2.take 3.driving 4.to send 5.Reading 6.making 7.to improve 8.to make 9.to protect 易错提醒 1.cook;to do 2.to see 3.talking 4.Getting 5.Get 6.To get 7.to watch;hope 8.repaired 特别专题1语言运用之用所给动词的适当形式填空 知识运用生成 1.become 2.sold 3.showing 4.were 5.facing 6.cut 7.improve 8.encouraging 9.get 10.hold 专题二多变的名词、形容词和副词、代词、数词 第一节名词及名词短语 知识运用生成 1.use 2.guests 3.weather 4.influence 5.color 6.spirit 7.toothache 8.Children's 9.courage 10.advice 11.visitors 12.sheep 13.members 14.tourists 15.minutes 16.inventor 17.Germans 18.decision 19.leader 20.inventions 易错提醒 1~4.CCAB 特别专题2语言运用之用所给名词的适当形式填空 知识运用生成 1.city 2.government's 3.fish 4.villagers 5.grass 6.factories 7.condition 8.birds 9.beauty 10.story 第二节形容词和副词 一、形容词和形容词短语 知识运用生成 1.windy 2.unusual 3.lucky 4.helpful 5.impolite 6.interesting 7.noisy 8.wonderful 9.daily 10.known 二、副词和副词短语 知识运用生成 1.quickly 2.heavily 3.really 4.rapidly 5.luckily 6.recently 7.easily 8.hardly ever 9.kind of 10.here;there 三、形容词和副词的比较等级 知识运用生成 1.more 2.happiest 3.larger 4.louder 5.healthier 6.the most popular 7.most beautifully 8.expensive 9.the hottest 10.luckier 易错提醒 1.B 2.happy;happily 3~4.AC 5.excited 6~7.BC 特别专题3语言运用之用所给形容词或副词的适 当形式填空 知识运用生成 1.exactly 2.clearly 3.well 4.easily 5.So 6.loudly 7.harder 8.Although 9.deeply 10.more 第三节代词 一、人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 知识运用生成 1.them 2.ours 3.it 4.myself 5.him 6.Her