第1讲动词和动词短语-【练客中考】2026年安徽新中考英语精讲册（人教版）

专题二动词 [考查题型：单项填空、完形填空、单词拼写] 第1讲动词和动词短语 [必考：每年5~14道] 思维导图串考点 动词原形、第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词、动词-ig形式 动词的基本形式 实义动词：及物动词；不及物动词 系动词：“状态”类(be): “持续”类(keep,stay,remain); “变化”类(get,become,turn,go,grow,fall); 动词和 动词的分类 “感官”类(look,feel,sound,taste,.smell); 动词短语 “表象”类(seem,appear) 助动词：be动词，do,shall,will,have 情态动词：详见[第2讲情态动词 同一动词型 动词短语 同一介词/副词型 混合型 核心考点精讲 动词的五种基本形式 基本形式 变化规则 示例 动词原形 未经过任何变形，即词典中一般给出的形式 do,learn,run,play 般在动词词尾直接加-s run-runs,think-thinks pass→passes,wash→washes, 第三人称 以s,sh,ch,x或o结尾的动词末尾加-es teach→teaches,mix→nixeS,go→goes 单数 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，先将y变成i再加-es study→studies,cary→carries 不规则变化 be→is,have→has 一般在动词词尾直接加-ed work->worked,play-played 过去式和 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d invite-→invited,promise→promised 过去分词 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，先将y变为i,再加-ed carry→carried,study-→studied (规则变化) 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写 该辅音字母后加-ed stop→stopped,plan→planned 般在动词词尾直接加-ing read→reading,cook→cooking 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加-ing live→living,write→writing 动词-ing 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写 形式 该辅音字母后加-ing sit→sitting,begin-→beginning 少数几个以ie结尾的动词要先变ie为y,再加-ing(初中阶 die→dying,lie→lying,tie→tying 段共3个) 注意：动词的过去式、过去分词的不规则变化形式详见《课标词汇记背》P74“附录二不规则动词表” 96 安徽英语(RJ)精讲册 命题点1①动词的分类及词义辨析[必考：每年 3.系动词 4~10道】 系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能单独 1.实义动词 作谓语，其后必须跟表语构成“系表结构”，说 实义动词指具有完整的意义，可以单独 明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。 作谓语的动词，主要表示主语发出的动作或 类别 示例 例句 所处的状态。按能否直接接宾语，分为及物 “状态”类 动词和不及物动词。 be My father is a teacher. 系动词 类别 用法 例句 “持续”类 keep,stay, We should eat vegeta- 动词+宾语 I love English. 系动词 remain bles to keep healthy. 及物 动词+宾语+宾补 We call her Mary. “变化”类 get,become, In spring,trees begin 动词 动词+间接宾语+ May I ask you some 系动词 turn,go,grow, to turn green. 直接宾语 questions? fall look, feel, “感官”类 The new cloth feels 本身意思完整，无 A traffic accident hap- sound,taste, 需接宾语 系动词 pened. smooth and soft. 不及物 smell 动词 需加适当介词，后 The baby is smiling at “表象”类 You seem unhappy seem,appear 接宾语 us sweetly. 系动词 all day. 2.助动词 4.情态动词 助动词本身没有意义或意义不完整，不 词义不完整，不能单独作谓语，后接动词 能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓 原形一起构成谓语，大多无人称和数的变化。 语，表示否定、疑问、时态或其他语法形式，有 常见的情态动词有：can/could,may/might, 人称、数和时态的变化。 wil/would,must,need,have to,should等。 类别 句法功能 例句 [详见本专题P101第2讲情态动词] 构成进行时 Jimmy is playing bas- be(am/is/ 5.实义动词词义辨析[必考：每年4~10道] ketball with his friends. are)/ 实义动词词义辨析主要是通过上下文考 构成被动 A lot of birds are pro- was/were) 查其在语境中的辨析。 语态 tected in natural parks. 解答语境辨析类试题时，首先要确定每 构成疑问句 He didn't go anywhere 个动词的含义，然后分析语境，找出关键词或 和否定句 last Sunday. 前后存在的逻辑关系，确定答案。因此考生 构成否定 Don't be noisy! 在平时的学习过程中，需要重点积累并掌握 祈使句 实义动词的词义及用法。 在陈述句中， do/does/ 用在谓语动词 My father did tell me 命题点2动词短语[必考：每年1~3道] did 前加强语气 that. 1.同一动词型： I don't like eating noo- 代替上文 dles, but my brother 如：come短语，get短语，give短语，go短语， 出现的动词 does. keep短语等。 2.同一介词/副词型： 用于倒装句 Seldom does he come late. 如：at短语，about短语，away短语，off短语， have/has/ Tom has been a doctor over短语等。 构成完成时 had for many years. 3.混合型 will/shall/ will/shall arrive 构成将来时 更多动词短语详见《课标词汇记背》P80 would tomorrow. “类别一动词短语”。 专题二动词 9 综合训练 I.单项填空 how to make it 1.-In my opinion, with others can -Just it and finish one small part make us upset. each time. -I totally agree.We should pay more attention A.leave B.change C.divide D.accept to our own growth 10.-Su Min,why is there always a bat in New A.arguing B.comparing C.sharing D.dealing Year paintings? 2.-Ms Li,how can I share my favorite book with -In Chinese,the word for bat sounds like my friends? “fu”,s0it good luck in China. -You can its main idea to them A.prepares B.realizes clearly. C.means D.collects A.understand B.search 11.-Why does Emma always answer questions in C.record D.introduce class? 3.-Dr.Martins seems to know every plant in the -She knows the answers,but she isn't Amazon Rainforest. She just wants to learn more. -Of course.No one can him in his A.showing off B.calling on knowledge of wild plants. C.giving up D.taking away A.shake B.match C.hurt D.raise 12.-What should we do during the fire practice? 4.-I don't know where to go this summer vaca- -When the alarm we should run tion. out of the teaching building at once. -Why not visiting Huangshan?If A.comes after B.goes off you go,you can climb mountains and enjoy C.turns in D.takes on beautiful sights. 13.-We should learn to control our screen time. A.regard B.consider C.include D.count -Totally agree.Never let smariphones 5.A good way to old school things is to our lives. send them to a recycling center. A.take over B.get off A.break B.keep C.forget D.treat C.come out D.give in 6.-Chinese try to gather together on important 14.-The new term has started,but I took three festivals,no matter how far away they are. days off and missed classes. -Yeah,we highly the strong family 一Come to the study corner after school！With ties. some effort,you can and keep moving A.master B.value C.suppose D.follow forward. 7.-Although she was feeling down,she A.catch up B.go after weak smile. C.turn up D.look after -She was always caring about others'feelings. 15.-A balanced diet is very important for losing A.noticed B.received weight. C.managed D.suggested -That's right.I always high fat food 8.-Dad,I want to focus on the study of AI in the and eat more fruit and vegetables instead. university. A.keep off B.put away -Oh,my boy.You know I always C.come about D.get into your own choices. 16.Think of one to five goals you'd like to set in each A.make B.respect C.order D.refuse term.Then each goal into smaller 9.-This history project is so big.I don't know steps and work your hardest with each step. 98安徽英语(RJ)精讲册 A.take away B.turn on 25.-What do you think is important for the play- C.put off D.break down ers on a team? 17.As we on our new journey,we -It's to play together and the best shouldn't forget where we come from. in each other. A.put out B.set out A.go against B.keep on C.come down D.get in C.bring out D.look through 18.-Why were there so many people in the school 26.-How was your trip to the countryside yester- hall just now? day? -The robotics club a science experi- -It was fantastic.My friends and I ment.It's mind-blowing. a tent at the foot of a green mountain. A.fixed up B.got on A.burnt off B.passed on C.came round D.carried out C.put up D.took after 19.It's brave of you to your fear of 27.-Our teacher asked us to a poem heights and reach the mountain top with courage. about our school. A.come into B.get over -I think it's easy for you.You are always good C.focus on D.give back at writing. 20.As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a A.make up B.put into mountain,the visit to the village C.take down D.run away scenes of my childhood. 28.-Many teenagers share creative short videos A.called up B.came up online now. C.went away D.kept away -Yes,digital platforms their confi- 21.-Don't the new word in the dictionary dence to express themselves. if we meet it in a text.We can guess it. A.take on B.check out -Sure.It's a good way to improve our reading C.go through D.build up skills. 29.-Look！What an amazing sunrise over there！ A.look up B.turn off -Yeah!The lines of the mountains C.give away D.cut into clearly against the sky. 22.-The energy from the sun and the wind costs A.turn in B.break into little and will never C.show up D.take off -That's why we have a lot of wind power 30.-Every year,at least 16 million tons of plastic generation systems. in the sea. A.come in B.get to -That's unbelievable.We really need to use C.run out D.go on less plastic in our daily life. 23.-Every student is expected to A.die down B.give off sporting activity for a healthy life C.pass away D.end up -I couldn't agree more.Health matters a lot. 31.-How are you feeling about the coming training? A.come across B.deal with -I'm very nervous,but I believe I will C.pull together D.take up the training and welcome a new self. 24.-Reading is helpful to get knowledge. A.think about B.break out -We should useful ideas from C.set down D.get through books and stop accepting information without 32.-Doctor,my temperature is normal now.Can I thinking. go to school? A.get out B.take in -Sure.But if you don't feel well,you can C.look over D.go across me again. 专题二动词 99 A.look down B.turn to days best.So he often takes photos of beautiful C.care for D.set about snow. Besides,he also 41 other natural 33.Learning some basic life skills is helpful phenomena(现象)by taking photos.In20l8,he because we can not always other posted some pictures of lightning online and people. received a lot of praise. A.depend on B.turn down However,it isn't usually 42 to take these C.point at D.wake up amazing pictures.Every time,Aaron needs to find 34.-I don't want to my old classmates. a place where the weather might often change.He -You can still communicate with them after doesn't want to 43 though it is very difficult to going to a new school. find such a place every time.In order to take good A.part with B.clear out photos,he often puts himself in danger of being C.stand for D.call in 44 by strong winds and heavy rain. 35.-I want to join the school science club,but However,one thing changed his mind.Once I'm worried about my study. when Aaron was taking photos of a thunderstorm, -You needn't fun activities.Just he saw farmers doing farm work 45 and plan your time well. watching the storm nervously.He immediately A.break through B.set off realized he should 46 people and their crops C.look for D.cut out (庄稼)rather than terrible weather.. 36.-Sam,how do you like your classmate Jack? The situation seemed to 47 him to a bet- -He is very helpful and he often helps our ter direction.So he decided to do something and teachers exam papers. hoped it would 48 people.Now,Aaron has A.give out B.throw away learned to make short videos.He makes them to C.turn around D.put down tell people about the dangers of those storms and 37.-Your brother's room looks pretty tidy. what they should do to 49 themselves.For -Sure.He always his things after Aaron,what he is doing now is more meaningful. he uses them. ( )40.A.likes B.misses A.keeps out B.puts away C.knows D.waits C.goes by D.looks down )41.A.introduces B.researches 38.My school decided to a reading club C.records D.chooses to help students develop the habit of reading. ( )42.A.easy B.different A.get on B.go with C.beautiful D.fresh C.set up D.keep away ( )43.A.turn out B.show off 39.-Your bag is so heavy. Please C.look for D.give up some unnecessary things. )44.A.shaken B.lost -Sorry.Everything in the bag is important C.hit D.dug to me. )45.A.suddenly B.busily A.look into B.keep up C.kindly D.fairly C.take out D.pay off )46.A.call out B.care about Ⅱ.完形填空 C.listen to D.look over 外文素材改编自Kd'sBox ( ）47.A.return B.serve C.lead D.part Aaron has a special interest in recording )48.A.feed B.hide C.cheat D.help weather changes by taking photos.Of all the )49.A.protect B.teach different weather conditions,he 40 snowy C.develop D.push 100 安徽英语()精讲册第二部分 专题一名词 1.C2.C3.A4.A5.A6.C7.A8.C9.C 10.D11.B12.D13.C14.C 微专题1名词填空一针对单词拼写 1.symbol 2.points 3.bottom 4.safety 5.thoughts 6.history 7.age 8.lanterns 9.trust 10.Salt 11.friends 12.pressure 13.energy 14.secrets 15.height 16.manners 17.messages 18.advice 19.soil 20.knives 21.form 22.corn 23.interests 24.reply 25.novels 26.pleasure 27.floods 28.quality 29.relatives 30.weight 31.breath 32.changes 精 33.nature 34.value 35.support 36.mistakes 37.decision 讲 38.taste 39.chance 40.talent 41.praise 42.pieces 43.stage 44.victory 45.tools 册 专题二动词 第1讲动词和动词短语 1.B2.D3.B4.B5.D6.B7.C8.B9.C 10.C11.A12.B13.A14.A15.A16.D17.B 18.D19.B20.A21.A22.C23.D24.B25.C 26.C27.A28.D29.C30.D31.D32.B33.A 34.A35.D36.A37.B38.C39.C40.A41.C 42.A43.D44.C45.B46.B47.C48.D49.A 第2讲情态动词 1.D2.B3.C4.C5.C6.C7.A8.A9.A 10.A11.B12.B13.A14.D15.C16.D17.C 18.B19.D20.B21.B22.D23.B24.A25.B 26.A27.A28.B29.C30.C 第3讲动词的时态 1.D2.B3.C4.A5.A6.C7.D8.B9.D 10.D11.C12.B13.D14.C15.B16.C17.A 18.D19.B20.D21.C22.B23.C24.C25.D 26.D27.B28.B29.B 第4讲动词的语态 1.D2.D3.C4.C5.A6.B7.D8.B9.B 10.D11.C12.C13.C14.D15.A16.D17.D 18.A19.C20.C21.D22.D23.C24.D25.D 26.B 第5讲非谓语动词 1.taste 2.trade 3.realize/realise 4.express 5.reviewing 6.practicing/practising 7.live 8.raise 9.wasting 10.understand 11.missing 12.training 13.mark 14.change 15.It is important for students to develop/get into/form a good habit of getting up early. 16.I prefer to try my best rather than give up easily./I would rather do my best than give up 17.It's our duty to keep our hometown clean and beautiful. 18.It is a pleasure/pleasant thing to join the English Corner and practice speaking English. 微专题2动词填空—针对单词拼写 1.believe 2.divides 3.connect 4.served 5.catch 6.warn 7.supported 8.laugh 9.accept 10.spread 11.Collect 12.share 13.offers 14.touches 15.seems 16.refused 17.rushed 18.forgot 19.judge 20.considered 21.continue 22.regretted 23.choose 24.treat 25.build 26.improve 27.invite 28.hurt 29.beating 30.discover 31.received 32.provides 33.admire 34.expect 35.prepare 36.adds 37.explain 38.design 39.name 40.influenced 41.nodded 42.stand 43.record 专题三形容词和副词 1.A2.C3.C4.A5.B6.C7.C8.A9.C 6 安徽英语(RJ 吾法专题剖析 10.C11.A12.B13.B14.D15.B16.A17.B 18.D19.C20.B21.A22.C23.D24.B25.A 26.C27.A28.C29.A30.B31.D32.C33.B 34.A35.D36.B37.A38.C39.C40.D41.A 42.C43.B44.A45.D46.D47.B 48.B49.D 50.D51.C 微专题3形容词、副词填空— 针对单词拼写 1.whole 2.honest 3.strong 4.empty 5.spare 6.light 7.magic 8.social 9.proper 10.proud 11.basic 12.simply 13.healthier 14.wisely 15.ahead 16.alone 17.forever 专题四代词 1.C2.B3.A4.A5.B6.B7.B8.A9.B 10.C11.A12.A13.B14.B15.C16.B17.A 18.A19.B20.B21.B22.B23.A24.A25.A 26.C27.D28.A29.A30.C31.C32.A33.C 34.D35.C36.D37.A38.D39.B40.B41.A 42.D 专题五数词 1.D2.A3.D4.C5.D6.A7.B8.C9.C 10.millions of 11.four hundred 12.her eighties 13.a/one thousand 14.thousands of 专题六介词 1.C2.A3.B4.A5.A6.D7.A8.B9.C 10.A11.D12.A13.B14.A15.A16.C17.B 18.D19.C20.C21.B22.C23.B24.D25.B 26.A27.C28.A29.A30.B31.B32.A33.C 34.C35.B36.A37.C38.B39.D 专题七冠词 1.a 2.The 3.the 4.an 5.the 6.a 7.the 专题八连词 1.B2.A3.B4.B5.A6.D7.A8.B9.B 10.A11.C12.A13.B14.A15.C16.A17.B 18.D19.B20.B21.C22.A23.B24.D25.D 26.A27.D28.B29.D30.A31.B32.C33.B 34.B35.A36.A37.C38.A39.A40.B41.D 42.C43.A 专题九句子的种类和简单句 1.A2.D3.C4.A5.C6.B7.C8.C9.A 10.A11.A12.C13.D14.A15.C16.D17.B 18.A19.A20.B21.B22.D23.B 专题十主从复合句 1.B2.A3.C4.D5.D6.B7.A8.D9.D 10.B11.D12.B13.B14.C15.B16.D17.B 18.C19.A20.C 21.The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams. 22.Helping others is the most meaningful thing that we should learn in our youth. 23.China is a country which/that has a long history and col- orful culture. 24.You should do all that helps you become better. 专题十一构词法 1.return 2.lucky 3.careful 4.tourists 5.creative 6.safety 7.water 8.light 9.impossible 10.review 11.windy 12.slowly 13.translate 14.national 15.building 16.winners 17.valuable 18.exciting 19.truly 参考答案