内容正文:
沪教版九年级上unit2词汇备课
1. *firm /fɜːm/ adj. 牢固的;坚硬的(理解即可)
词性:形容词
词义:不轻易移动或改变的,结实的
近义词:solid, hard, strong
反义词:soft, loose, weak
词性转换:firmly (adv.) 坚定地;firmness (n.) 坚固
常见搭配:
· firm ground 牢固的地面
· a firm belief 坚定的信念
例句:
The chair is not firm enough; it may break.
(这把椅子不够牢固,可能会坏。)
练习:
1. He ________ (firm) believed that he would succeed.
2. The ________ (firm) of the mattress makes it comfortable to sleep on.
答案与解析:
1. firmly(副词修饰 believed,意为“坚定地”)
2. firmness(名词作主语,意为“坚固度”)
2. ignorance /ˈɪɡnərəns/ n. 无知
词性:名词(不可数)
词义:缺乏知识或信息
近义词:illiteracy, unawareness
反义词:knowledge, education
词性转换:ignorant (adj.) 无知的;ignore (v.) 忽视
常见搭配:
· ignorance of sth. 对……无知
· in ignorance of 不知道……
例句:
His ignorance of history surprised the teacher.
(他对历史的无知让老师惊讶。)
练习:
1. Many people are ________ (ignorance) of the dangers of smoking.
2. You should not ________ (ignorance) your mistakes.
答案与解析:
1. ignorant(形容词作表语,be ignorant of 意为“对……无知”)
2. ignore(动词,意为“忽视”)
3. application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. (尤指理论、发现等的)应用;申请
词性:名词
词义:将理论、方法等用于实际;也指正式的请求
近义词:use, usage, request
词性转换:apply (v.) 应用;申请;applicant (n.) 申请人
常见搭配:
· practical application 实际应用
· job application 求职申请
· application form 申请表
例句:
The application of new technology has improved our lives.
(新技术的应用改善了我们的生活。)
练习:
1. You need to ________ (application) for a visa before travelling.
2. There were over 100 ________ (apply) for the job.
答案与解析:
1. apply(动词,need to do,意为“申请”)
2. applicants(名词复数,意为“申请人”)
4. fancy /ˈfænsi/ adj. 精致的;绚丽的
词性:形容词
词义:设计精美、装饰华丽的
近义词:ornate, elaborate, decorative
反义词:plain, simple, ordinary
词性转换:fancily (adv.) 华丽地
常见搭配:
· fancy dress 华丽的服装
· fancy restaurant 高档餐厅
例句:
She wore a fancy dress to the party.
(她穿着一条华丽的裙子去参加聚会。)
练习:
1. The room was ________ (fancy) decorated for the wedding.
2. He prefers simple clothes rather than ________ (fancy) ones.
答案与解析:
1. fancily(副词修饰 decorated)
2. fancy(形容词作定语,意为“花哨的”)
5. satisfied /ˈsætɪsfaɪd/ adj. 满意的;满足的
词性:形容词
词义:感到高兴、满足,因为某事达到了期望
近义词:content, pleased
反义词:dissatisfied, unhappy
词性转换:satisfy (v.) 使满意;satisfying (adj.) 令人满意的;satisfaction (n.) 满意
常见搭配:
· be satisfied with 对……满意
· a satisfied smile 满意的微笑
例句:
My parents are satisfied with my grades.
(我的父母对我的成绩感到满意。)
练习:
1. The result of the game ________ (satisfied) everyone.
2. To his great ________ (satisfied), he passed the exam.
答案与解析:
1. satisfied(动词过去式,意为“使……满意”)
2. satisfaction(名词,to one’s satisfaction 意为“令某人满意的是”)
6. prince /prɪns/ n. 王子
词性:名词(可数)
词义:国王或女王的儿子
反义词:princess (n.) 公主
词性转换:princess (n.) 公主;princely (adj.) 王子的
常见搭配:
· Prince Charming 白马王子
· the Prince of Wales 威尔士亲王
例句:
The prince will become king after his father dies.
(王子将在父亲去世后成为国王。)
练习:
1. The ________ (prince) wedding was a national event.
2. She dreamed of marrying a ________ (prince).
答案与解析:
1. prince’s(名词所有格,意为“王子的”)
2. prince(可数名词单数,意为“王子”)
7. displace /dɪsˈpleɪs/ v. 排出;挤出;取代;替代
词性:动词
词义:把某物移开或取代某人的位置
近义词:replace, supplant, remove
反义词:keep, retain
词性转换:displacement (n.) 取代;移动
常见搭配:
· displace sb./sth. 取代某人/某物
· displaced people 流离失所的人
例句:
Computers have displaced typewriters in offices.
(电脑已经取代了办公室里的打字机。)
练习:
1. The ________ (displace) of workers by machines is a big issue.
2. Floods ________ (displace) thousands of families last year.
答案与解析:
1. displacement(名词作主语,意为“取代”)
2. displaced(动词过去式,意为“使……流离失所”)
8. fool /fuːl/ v. 欺骗;愚弄 n. 傻瓜
词性:动词(及物)
词义:欺骗某人,使相信不真实的事
近义词:trick, deceive, cheat
反义词:enlighten, inform
词性转换:foolish (adj.) 愚蠢的;foolishly (adv.) 愚蠢地
常见搭配:
· fool sb. into doing sth. 骗某人做某事
· fool around 闲荡
例句:
He fooled his little brother into eating a raw onion.
(他骗他弟弟吃了一颗生洋葱。)
练习:
1. It was ________ (fool) of him to waste all his money.
2. Don’t be ________ (fool) by his kind words.
答案与解析:
1. foolish(形容词作表语,It is foolish of sb. to do sth.)
2. fooled(被动语态,be fooled by 意为“被……欺骗”)
9. *prison /ˈprɪzn/ n. 监狱;牢狱(理解即可)
词性:名词(可数/不可数)
词义:关押犯人的地方
近义词:jail
反义词:freedom
词性转换:prisoner (n.) 囚犯;imprison (v.) 监禁
常见搭配:
· in prison 坐牢
· send to prison 送入监狱
例句:
The thief was sent to prison for two years.
(那小偷被判入狱两年。)
练习:
1. The ________ (prison) escaped from the jail.
2. He was ________ (prison) for a crime he didn’t commit.
答案与解析:
1. prisoner(名词“囚犯”)
2. imprisoned(动词过去分词,被动语态)
10. *wire /ˈwaɪə(r)/ n. 金属丝;电线(理解即可)
词性:名词
词义:细长的金属条,用于导电或绑扎
近义词:cable, cord
词性转换:wire (v.) 接线;wiring (n.) 线路
常见搭配:
· copper wire 铜线
· wire fence 铁丝网
例句:
Be careful not to touch the live wire.
(小心别碰带电的电线。)
练习:
1. The electrician is ________ (wire) the new house.
2. The fence is made of strong ________ (wire).
答案与解析:
1. wiring(动词现在分词,意为“布线”)
2. wire(名词,不可数,意为“金属丝”)
11. prove /pruːv/ v. 证明;证实
词性:动词
词义:用证据表明某事是真实的
近义词:demonstrate, verify, confirm
反义词:disprove
词性转换:proof (n.) 证据;proven (adj.) 被证明的
常见搭配:
· prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事
· prove (to be) + adj. 证明是……
例句:
The experiment proved that the theory was correct.
(实验证明这个理论是正确的。)
练习:
1. There is no ________ (prove) that he stole the money.
2. His suggestion ________ (prove) to be very useful.
答案与解析:
1. proof(名词“证据”)
2. proved(动词过去式,或 proved/proven,此处用 proved)
12. hardly /ˈhɑːdli/ adv. 几乎不;几乎没有
词性:副词
词义:表示否定,几乎不
近义词:barely, scarcely
反义词:easily, completely
词性转换:hard (adj./adv.) 困难的/努力地
常见搭配:
· can hardly 几乎不能
· hardly ever 几乎从不
例句:
I can hardly hear you. Please speak louder.
(我几乎听不见你说话,请大声点。)
练习:
1. He ________ (hard) works, so he gets good grades.
2. There was ________ (hard) any food left in the fridge.
答案与解析:
1. hard(副词“努力地”,注意 hardly 是“几乎不”,此处应为 hard)
2. hardly(副词“几乎不”,修饰 any)
13. balanced /ˈbælənst/ adj. 保持(或显示)平衡的
词性:形容词
词义:各方面均衡、稳定的
近义词:stable, even, proportional
反义词:unbalanced
词性转换:balance (n./v.) 平衡;balancing (adj.) 平衡的
常见搭配:
· balanced diet 均衡饮食
· balanced view 公正的观点
例句:
A balanced diet is important for health.
(均衡饮食对健康很重要。)
练习:
1. You need to ________ (balance) work and play.
2. The dancer kept her ________ (balance) on one foot.
答案与解析:
1. balance(动词“平衡”)
2. balance(名词“平衡”)
14. *reject /rɪˈdʒekt/ v. 拒绝接受;不予考虑(理解即可)
词性:动词
词义:拒绝接受某人或某物
近义词:refuse, decline, turn down
反义词:accept, approve
词性转换:rejection (n.) 拒绝;rejective (adj.) 拒绝的
常见搭配:
· reject an offer 拒绝提议
· reject a plan 否决计划
例句:
The manager rejected my suggestion.
(经理拒绝了我的建议。)
练习:
1. His ________ (reject) of the invitation surprised everyone.
2. She applied for the job but was ________ (reject).
答案与解析:
1. rejection(名词“拒绝”)
2. rejected(被动语态,was rejected 意为“被拒绝”)
15. thus /ðʌs/ adv. 因此;如此
词性:副词
词义:表示结果或方式,常用于正式文体
近义词:therefore, hence, so
词性转换:无
常见搭配:
· thus far 到目前为止
· thus saying 说完
例句:
He worked hard, thus achieving his goal.
(他努力工作,因此达成了目标。)
练习:
1. The bus was full; ________ we had to wait for the next one.
2. They planned to leave at dawn and ________ avoid the traffic.
答案与解析:
1. thus(副词“因此”,连接结果)
2. thus(副词“如此”,表示方式)
短语部分
1. be satisfied with 对……感到满足
用法:介词短语,后接名词或代词
近义:be content with, be pleased with
例句:
Are you satisfied with the result?
(你对结果满意吗?)
练习:
1. She is never ________ (satisfy) with her work.
2. The teacher ________ (be satisfied with) our answers.
答案与解析:
1. satisfied(形容词,be satisfied with)
2. was satisfied with(一般过去时)
2. fill ... with 充满;装满
用法:动词短语,fill + 容器 + with + 内容物
近义:load ... with, pack ... with
例句:
He filled the glass with water.
(他把杯子装满了水。)
练习:
1. The children ________ the room ________ laughter.
2. Her eyes were ________ (fill) with tears.
答案与解析:
1. filled; with(fill A with B)
2. filled(被动:were filled with)
3. run over 溢出
用法:动词短语,液体超出容器边缘;也可指车辆碾过
近义:overflow, spill over
例句:
The milk ran over the edge of the cup.
(牛奶溢出了杯子边缘。)
练习:
1. The water was running ________ the sink.
2. Be careful not to let the soup ________ over.
答案与解析:
1. over(run over the sink 溢出洗碗槽)
2. run(let sth. run over)
4. go straight to 直奔
用法:动词短语,直接去某处而不绕路
近义:head directly to, go directly to
例句:
After school, I went straight to the library.
(放学后我直奔图书馆。)
练习:
1. He ________ (go straight to) his room without saying a word.
2. Let’s ________ (直奔主题) the point.
答案与解析:
1. went straight to(一般过去时)
2. go straight to(后接 the point,意为“直奔主题”)
5. lightning rod 避雷针
用法:名词短语,安装在建筑物顶部保护其免受雷击的金属棒
例句:
Every tall building should have a lightning rod.
(每座高楼都应安装避雷针。)
练习:
1. The ________ (lightning rod) protected the house from lightning.
2. Benjamin Franklin invented the ________ (避雷针).
答案与解析:
1. lightning rod(名词短语)
2. lightning rod
6. as a whole 作为一个整体;总体上
用法:介词短语,用于总结或强调整体性
近义:altogether, overall
例句:
The team, as a whole, performed well.
(整个团队表现良好。)
练习:
1. ________ (作为整体), the project was a success.
2. We should consider the situation ________ a whole.
答案与解析:
1. As a whole
2. as(固定搭配 as a whole)
7. get something across 把某事讲清楚
用法:动词短语,使别人理解自己的观点
近义:communicate, convey
例句:
He tried to get his idea across, but nobody listened.
(他试图讲清楚自己的想法,但没人听。)
练习:
1. The teacher used pictures to ________ her meaning ________.
2. It’s hard to ________ the importance of honesty ________ to young children.
答案与解析:
1. get; across(get her meaning across)
2. get; across(get the importance across)
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