Unit4语法讲解及习题：疑问词引导的宾语从句讲义 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

该初中英语讲义通过表格归纳、规则总结系统构建了疑问词引导宾语从句的知识体系，梳理了what/who等8类引导词的含义与用法场景，明确“陈述语序、时态呼应、疑问词不省略”三大核心规则，用“四步走”方法呈现特殊疑问句改宾语从句的转化逻辑，清晰呈现语法重难点及内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与方法指导创新，基础选词填空巩固引导词辨析，句型改写题训练“提调删连”四步法，句子改错题聚焦语序、时态等易错陷阱，培养学生语言运用能力与逻辑思维品质。参考答案附详细解析，帮助不同层次学生自主纠错，教师可据此实施精准复习教学，提升单元语法掌握效率。

人教英语九上Unit4语法讲解及习题： 疑问词引导的宾语从句 一、本单元核心语法 本单元Grammar核心：由特殊疑问词（what/who/which/when/where/why/how）引导的宾语从句 二、语法讲解 1. 基础概念回顾 宾语从句：在主句中充当及物动词、介词宾语的完整句子。 教材原句参考： • I don't understand what she's going through. • I can't remember which things you asked me to buy. • Could you tell me why it is easy to forget a word? 2. 核心构成与连接词 （1）常用疑问引导词&含义 引导词 中文含义 用法场景 what 什么 事物、内容、经历，无范围选择 who 谁 指人（可作主语/宾语） whom 谁 指人（仅作宾语，初中极少考） which 哪一个 特定范围内选择（人/物均可） when 什么时候 询问时间 where 哪里 询问地点、位置 why 为什么 询问原因、理由 how 如何、怎样 询问方式、方法、程度、状态 （2）基础句式结构 主句 + 疑问连接词 + 宾语从句（陈述语序：主语+谓语+剩余成分） 主句常见动词/句型： remember, know, understand, wonder, tell, ask, recall, find out, want to know, can't imagine... 例句 ： • I still remember where my family took photos years ago. 我依然记得很多年前我们一家人拍照的地方。 • She wondered how she could improve her memory. 她想知道自己该如何提升记忆力。 3. 三大必考黄金规则 规则1：语序必须变为【陈述语序】 ❌ 错误：I don't know what is memory.（疑问语序：谓语is提前） ✅ 正确：I don't know what memory is.（陈述语序：主语在前，谓语在后） 改写口诀： 特殊疑问词保留，疑问语序改陈述；助动词do/does/did要删掉，动词变回对应时态；be动词/情态动词放回主语后。 例题改写： 原特殊疑问句：Why did he lose his memory? 改为宾语从句：I don't know why he lost his memory. （去掉助动词did，主语he前置，谓语动词还原为过去式lost） 规则2：时态前后呼应 1. 主句为一般现在时/现在时态（know/remember/wonder等）→ 从句时态根据真实时间任意选择 例： • I remember that he lives here now.（现在） • I remember that he lived here before.（过去） 2. 主句为一般过去时（knew/wondered/asked）→ 从句必须变为对应的过去时态（客观真理永恒不变，仍用一般现在时） 例： • He asked why it was easy to forget things.（一般现在→一般过去） 规则3：疑问词绝对不能省略 对比Unit3的that引导的宾语从句（that可省略）： 疑问词what/when/where/why/how等绝对不能省略，省略后句子语义残缺、结构不完整。 4. 特殊疑问句改宾语从句 标准四步走 1️⃣ 提：保留原句特殊疑问词，放到从句句首 2️⃣ 调：把剩余部分改为主语+谓语的陈述语序 3️⃣ 删：删除多余助动词do/does/did，谓语动词还原为对应时态 4️⃣ 连：将从句衔接在主句动词后，整句用句号结尾（去除原句问号） 示例： 原句：Where did you spend your happy family memory? 主句：I can't remember... 合并：I can't remember where you spent your happy family memory. 5. 高频易错陷阱 ❌ 语序陷阱：最常见丢分点，从句坚决不能用疑问倒装语序 ❌ 时态陷阱：主句过去时，从句时态需对应倒退（客观真理除外） ❌ 重复错误：疑问词引导的宾语从句末尾不能加or not（or not仅搭配whether/if） ❌ 标点陷阱：主句为陈述句时，整句结尾用句号，不用问号 ❌ 混淆which/what：有明确选择范围用which，无范围泛指用what 三、专项练习题 基础选词填空 what / who / which / when / where / why / how 1. I can't remember ____________ I put my old family photo. 2. Do you know ____________ helped you improve your memory? 3. He wonders ____________ memory works better in the morning. 4. Please tell me ____________ I can do to have a good memory. 5. I want to know ____________ the family party will begin. 6. She doesn't understand ____________ some people forget things easily. 7. Can you show me ____________ way is better to remember words? 8. We never forget ____________ we spent our sweet childhood. 9. I wonder ____________ I can remember all these moments well. 10. Nobody knows ____________ will bring back those old memories. 单项选择题 1. I don't understand ____________ makes our family memories so warm. A. what B. that C. where 2. Could you tell me ____________ we can improve our memory quickly? A. what B. how C. which 3. Bob doesn't know ____________ took his wallet just now. A. who B. whom C. which 4. I can't remember ____________ the trip to my hometown was. A. when B. why C. what 5. She asked ____________ it was hard to remember so many things. A. that B. why C. which 6. I wonder ____________ of the two ways helps you memorize better. A. what B. which C. who 7. He didn't tell us ____________ he came back yesterday. A. where B. when C. why 8. —I can't find my grandma's old picture. —I don't know ____________ it is now. A. where B. what C. when 9. Our teacher told us ____________ memory can be trained day by day. A. that B. what C. why 10. I want to know ____________ you visited with your family last year. A. where B. when C. who 11. The little girl asked ____________ everyone loved happy stories. A. why B. what C. which 12. Please explain ____________ this memory is so important to you. A. how B. why C. what 句型合并改写 将两句合并为含宾语从句的复合句 1. Bob does not know. Who took his wallet? → ________________________________________________ 2. Can you tell me? When is the next test? → ________________________________________________ 3. I do not understand. Why didn't you invite him to the picnic? → ________________________________________________ 4. Could you please show me? Where can I get a bus to the airport? → ________________________________________________ 5. She recalled. What happened many years ago? → ________________________________________________ 6. I wonder. Where does the grapevine come from? → ________________________________________________ 句子改错 找出句子错误并改正 1. I wonder why is it easy to forget new words. 2. He can't remember where did he meet his old friend. 3. She asked that who helped her with the memory problem. 4. I don't know when will we have a family party. 四、参考答案 选词填空 1. where （询问地点，照片放置的位置） 2. who （询问人物，从句缺主语，指人用who） 3. how （修正原错误：询问记忆在早上运作更好的方式，用how而非why） 4. what （询问能做的事情、内容） 5. when （询问聚会开始的时间） 6. why （询问人们容易忘事的原因） 7. which （限定范围内选择，哪一种记单词的方法更好） 8. where （回忆度过美好童年的地点） 9. how （询问牢牢记住所有瞬间的方式、方法） 10. who （询问带来旧回忆的人，从句缺主语） 单项选择题 1. A 解析：从句缺少主语，指代事物用what引导宾语从句。 2. B 解析：询问快速提升记忆力的方式、方法，固定用how引导。 3. A 解析：从句缺少主语，指代人用who；whom仅作宾语，故此选A。 4. A 解析：询问家乡之行的时间，用when引导。 5. B 解析：询问记很多事物很困难的原因，用why引导。 6. B 解析：两者范围中做选择，固定用which引导。 7. C 解析：主句为过去时，询问昨日归来的原因，用why引导。 8. A 解析：不知道照片的位置，询问地点用where。 9. A 解析：从句为完整的客观事实陈述句，不缺成分，用that引导宾语从句。 10. C 解析：visit后可接地点/人物，结合语境“去年和家人拜访某人”，询问人用who。 11. A 解析：询问所有人都喜欢美好故事的原因，用why引导。 12. B 解析：询问这段回忆对你意义重大的原因，用why引导。 句型改写答案 1. Bob does not know who took his wallet. 解析：特殊疑问词who在从句中作主语，无需调整语序，直接衔接主句。 2. Can you tell me when the next test is? 解析：改为陈述语序，be动词is置于主语the next test之后。 3. I do not understand why you didn't invite him to the picnic. 解析：去掉助动词did，主语you前置，保留原过去时态。 4. Could you please show me where I can get a bus to the airport? 解析：改为陈述语序，情态动词can置于主语I之后。 5. She recalled what happened many years ago. 解析：what在从句中作主语，语序无需改动。 6. I wonder where the grapevine comes from. 解析：删掉助动词does，主语后置，动词还原为原形comes，使用陈述语序。 句子改错 1. 错误：why is it → 改正：why it is 解析：宾语从句必须用陈述语序，主语在前、谓语在后。 2. 错误：where did he → 改正：where he met 解析：宾语从句删除多余助动词did，调整为陈述语序，动词还原为过去式met。 3. 错误：that who → 改正：who 解析：疑问词引导宾语从句时，不能叠加that，存在连接词重复错误。 4. 错误：when will we → 改正：when we will 解析：情态动词/助动词需置于主语之后，遵循陈述语序规则。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $