专题03 语法题（专项训练）五年级英语暑假专项提升（外研版三起）

专题03 语法题 · 内容导航 · 01：答题技巧 02：小试牛刀 答题技巧 小学英语的 “语法” 题型，主要考查语法基础，掌握以下小技巧能帮助快速解题： 一、解题技巧 1. 单选题： ① 看时间标志词 → 定时态 · 看到 yesterday/last/ago → 过去时（选过去式或 did + 原形） · 看到 every day/often → 现在时（注意三单） · 看到 tomorrow/next → 将来时（will + 原形） ② 看主语 → 定单复数 / 三单 · he/she/it → 三单 · I/we/you/they → 原形 ③ 看空格前后 → 定词性 / 搭配 · 名词前→形物代（my/his） · 动词 / 介词后→宾格（him/them） · did/can/will → 后接动词原形 ④ 排除法 → 缩小范围 · 时态不一致直接排除 · 主谓不一致直接排除 2. 所给词填空： 解题步骤（5 步） ① 圈时间 → 定时态 ② 圈主语 → 定单复数 / 三单 ③ 看提示词 → 想变形 · 动词：过去式 / 三单 /ing/ 原形 · 代词：主格→宾格 / 形物代 · 名词：单复数 ④ 固定搭配优先 · like doing；want to do；can + 原形；did + 原形 ⑤ 检查主谓一致、拼写 · 高频变形清单（本册必背） (1) 动词过去式（规则） play→played；visit→visited；stay→stayed；live→lived；study→studied (2) 动词过去式（不规则） go→went； see→saw； have→had； do→did；eat→ate； buy→bought；meet→met；read→read； can→could (3) 三单 like→likes；wash→washes；go→goes；study→studies (4) ing形式 play→playing；swim→swimming；dance→dancing 二、本册核心语法考察内容（必考） 1. 一般过去时（★★★★★） 2. 一般现在时（三单 + 频率副词）（★★★★） 主语 he/she/it/ 单数名词 → 动词 + s/es（like→likes；wash→washes） 3. 一般将来时（will）（★★★） 结构：will + 动词原形 标志：tomorrow, next week, in the future 4. be 动词（am/is/are/was/were）（★★★★） 现在：I-am；he/she-is；we/you/they-are 过去：I/he/she-was；we/you/they-were 5. 代词（形容词性物主代词 / 宾格）（★★★） 形物：my, your, his, her, its, our, their（+ 名词） 宾格：me, you, him, her, it, us, them（动词 / 介词后） 6. 常用介词（★★★） in/on/at；about；for；to；from；with 7. some/any（★★★） some：肯定句； any：否定、疑问 小试牛刀 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. Amy and Tom are talking _______ weather. A. about B. in C. with ( ) 2. There _______ a car and two buses. A. is B. are C. were ( ) 3. Amy's grandma couldn't read _______ write. A. so B. or C. and ( ) 4. Ms Smart _______ English ten years ago. A. learns B. learnt C. learning ( ) 5.—What_______ she do? —She _______a book. A. did; write B. does; wrote C.did; wrote ( ) 6. —Did you come back yesterday? —_________ A. Yes, I did. B. Yes, they did. C. No, I don't. ( ) 7.— _______ did you go to the party? —Last Saturday. A. When B. What C. How ( ) 8. Thank you _______ coming to my birthday party. A. for B. of C. with ( ) 9.—What did you _______ for lunch? —I _______fish and rice. A. had; had B. have; had C. have; have ( ) 10. Where can I ______books about the UK? A. find B. to find C. found ( ) 11. John _______ like fish and chips. A. isn't B. don't C. doesn't ( ) 12.—Let's have a picnic. —________ A. Thank you. B. You're right. C. That's a good idea. ( ) 13. I've got______ e-book ______Mary. A. an; from B. an; to C. a; from ( ) 14. My mother asks _______ to help her. A. I B. my C. me ( ) 15.—I don't know how to write the words. —You can find the words in the _______. A. dictionary B. kite C. project ( ) 16. Let's _______ the books _______ the shelf. A. get; in B. give; to C. put; on ( ) 17. The bag is light. It will be________ to carry. A. dangerous B. easy C. heavy ( ) 18. English is not________ difficult（困难的）________ the little girl. A. too; for B. to; with C. too; of ( ) 19. I________ to Dalian and ________some toys last month. A. go; bought B. went; buy C. went; bought ( ) 20. Lingling________ a new bag. A. have got B. has got C. get ( ) 21.—_______________________？ —By plane. A. What did you do? B. Who are they? C. How did you get there? ( ) 22. Hainan is in the________ of China. A. north B. east C. south ( ) 23. Did you go ________your parents? A. with B. in C. on ( ) 24. ________at these interesting photos. A. Looking B. Watch C. Look ( ) 25.—Why not take________ umbrella? It's raining. —OK. A. a B. an C./ ( ) 26.—The T-shirt is nice, ________it's too big for me. —Please try this one. A. because B. but C. so ( ) 27. She ________in the fields many years ago. A. working B. works C. worked ( ) 28. Did she learn ________foreign languages? A. some B. any C. much ( ) 29. John________ a sandwich ________his little brother. A. give; to B. gave; for C. gave; to ( ) 30. Fish and chips________ a traditional ________food. A. are; English B. is; Chinese C.is; English ( ) 31.—The bag is easy for you to carry.— Great. ________ A. I will take it. B. Oh, dear. C. Here you are. ( ) 32. Let's put ________with the CDs. A. they B. them C. their ( ) 33. My grandpa learnt ________many years ago. A. cook B. to cook C. cooks ( ) 34. He is ________English teacher now. A. a B. an C. the ( ) 35. —It's 12 o'clock. Let's have________ together. —OK. A. lunch B. dinner C. breakfast ( ) 36. Will you take us _______the park? A. on B. in C. to ( ) 37. How do you_______ a dragon kite? A. make B. makes C. made ( ) 38. The girl _______the sticks _______the paper yesterday. A. puts; on B. put; of C. put; on ( ) 39. Sam can_______ strings _______his shoes. A. tie; to B. tied; with C. tie; at ( ) 40.—________ a kite? —That's a good idea. A. What B. Where C. What about ( ) 41. They go to school at eight _______. A. yesterday B. last Monday C. every morning ( ) 42. _______ your sister climb mountains? A. Will B. Is C. Do ( ) 43. My father works in a factory. He is a ______. A. doctor B. teacher C. worker ( ) 44. ______ he ready_____ the trip? A. Does; for B. Was; for. C. Is; for ( ) 45.—_______ are you going to take? —Shoes, clothes, presents and tickets. A. What B. Where C. When 二、用所给词适当形式填空 1.I ____ (visit) my uncle last Saturday. 2.My dad usually ____ (drive) to work. 3.Did you ____ (meet) your old friend yesterday? 4.Look! The bird ____ (fly) in the sky. 5.There ____ (be) some books on the desk yesterday. 6.He ____ (not watch) TV last night. 7.We ____ (have) a picnic tomorrow. 8.This is ____ (she) new schoolbag. 9.Let ____ (we) play games together. 10.She often ____ (read) stories before sleep. 11.Three days ago, they ____ (play) basketball. 12.Can you ____ (speak) Chinese? 13.There ____ (be) no water in the cup now. 14.My mother ____ (buy) a dress last month. 15.Tom ____ (do) his homework every evening. 16.They ____ (be) very tired yesterday. 17.I didn’t ____ (eat) breakfast this morning. 18.Those pens are ____ (they). 19.Listen! The students ____ (sing) songs. 20.He ____ (can) swim when he was five. 21.We ____ (see) a big tiger in the zoo last year. 22.Does Amy ____ (like) drawing pictures? 23.My grandpa often ____ (walk) after dinner. 24.There ____ (be) a lot of people in the park yesterday. 25.She ____ (write) an email last Sunday. 26.I will ____ (help) you with your English. 27.Give this ruler to ____ (he). 28.The children ____ (play) happily now. 29.It ____ (rain) heavily yesterday. 30.He sometimes ____ (wash) his clothes. 31.Did your brother ____ (climb) the mountain? 32.These are ____ (I) favourite toys. 33.They ____ (have) lunch at school yesterday. 34.She ____ (be) ten years old last year. 35.There isn’t ____ (some) juice in the glass. 36.We ____ (travel) to Hangzhou next holiday. 37.The cat ____ (catch) a mouse just now. 38.Let me ____ (take) a photo for you. 39.My parents ____ (work) hard every day. 40.I ____ (not go) out last evening. 参考答案 一、单项选择 1.A 解析：talk about 固定搭配，意为 “谈论关于……” 2.A 解析：there be 就近原则，靠近 be 动词的 a car 为单数，用 is 3.B 解析：否定句中并列连词用 or，不用 and 4.B 解析：ten years ago 过去时间，动词用过去式 learnt 5.C 解析：问句 did 体现过去时，答句动词也用过去式 wrote 6.A 解析：Did you...? 标准回答 Yes,I did./No,I didn't. 7.A 解析：答语是时间，提问用 When 8.A 解析：thank you for doing sth 因某事感谢某人 9.B 解析：did 后接动词原形 have；答句过去动作用 had 10.A 解析：情态动词 can 后加动词原形 find 11.C 解析：主语 John 三单，否定用 doesn't 12.C 解析：提出野餐建议，回应常用好主意 13.A 解析：e-book 元音音素开头用 an；get…from 从…… 得到 14.C 解析：动词后用人称代词宾格 me 15.A 解析：查单词要在 dictionary 词典里 16.C 解析：put…on the shelf 把书放到架子上 17.B 解析：包包轻，所以容易携带 easy 18.A 解析：too difficult for sb 对某人来说太难 19.C 解析：last month 过去时，并列动词都变过去式 went,bought 20.B 解析：主语三单，has got 拥有 21.C 解析：答语交通方式，用 How 提问出行方式 22.C 解析：海南位于中国南部 south 23.A 解析：go with sb 和某人一起去 24.C 解析：祈使句原形开头，look at 看 25.B 解析：umbrella 元音开头，用 an 26.B 解析：前后转折关系，这件好看但是太大 27.C 解析：many years ago 过去时，用 worked 28.B 解析：疑问句里用 any，some 用于肯定句 29.C 解析：give sth to sb；过去式 gave 30.C 解析：炸鱼薯条视作整体单数；英国传统食物 31.A 解析：轻便好拿，回应选择买下它 32.B 解析：动词后接宾格 them 33.B 解析：learn to do sth 学习做某事 34.B 解析：English 元音开头，an English teacher 35.A 解析：12 点正午，吃午饭 lunch 36.C 解析：take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地 37.A 解析：助动词 do 后接动词原形 make 38.C 解析：yesterday 过去时，put 过去式不变；put…on 把…… 贴上面 39.A 解析：can 后原形；tie…to 把系在…… 上 40.C 解析：What about…? 提出建议 41.C 解析：go 原形为一般现在时，every morning 符合时态 42.A 解析：will 后加动词原形，表将要爬山 43.C 解析：factory 工厂，职业是 worker 工人 44.C 解析：be ready for 为…… 做好准备，主语 he 用 is 45.A 解析：答语是物品，用 What 提问带什么 二、用所给词适当形式填空 1.visited 解析：last Saturday（上周六）为一般过去时标志，动词 visit 变为过去式 visited。 2.drives 解析：usually（通常）是一般现在时标志，主语 my dad 是第三人称单数，动词 drive 变三单 drives。 3.meet 解析：助动词 Did 引导一般过去时疑问句，后面必须跟动词原形。 4.is flying 解析：Look！是现在进行时提示词，结构 be + 动词 ing；主语 bird 单数，be 动词用 is，fly 变 flying。 5.were 解析：yesterday 表过去，后面 books 是复数名词，be 动词过去式用 were。 6.didn't watch 解析：last night 过去时间，过去式否定结构：主语 + didn't + 动词原形。 7.will have 解析：tomorrow（明天）为一般将来时，结构 will + 动词原形。 8.her 解析：空格后有名词 schoolbag，要用形容词性物主代词 her 修饰名词。 9.us 解析：固定用法 Let sb do sth，let 后接人称代词宾格，we 宾格是 us。 10.reads 解析：often 常态动作，一般现在时；she 为三单，read 变三单 reads。 11.played 解析：Three days ago（三天前）过去时间，动词用过去式 played。 12.speak 解析：情态动词 can 后面，一律使用动词原形。 13.is 解析：now 现在时态，water 不可数名词，be 动词用 is。 14.bought 解析：last month 上个月，一般过去时，buy 不规则过去式 bought。 15.does 解析：every evening 每晚，一般现在时；Tom 三单，do 变三单 does。 16.were 解析：yesterday 过去式，主语 they 复数，be 动词用 were。 17.eat 解析：didn't 是过去否定助动词，其后动词恢复原形。 18.theirs 解析：空格后无名词，用名词性物主代词 theirs，等同于 their pens。 19.are singing 解析：Listen！现在进行时标志，主语 students 复数，be 用 are，sing 变 singing。 20.could 解析：when he was five 表示过去，can 的过去式为 could。 21.saw 解析：last year 去年，过去时态，see 不规则过去式 saw。 22.like 解析：助动词 Does 引导三单疑问句，后面动词用原形。 23.walks 解析：often 一般现在时，grandpa 三单，walk 变三单 walks。 24.were 解析：yesterday 过去时，people 表复数概念，be 动词用 were。 25.wrote 解析：last Sunday 过去时间，write 不规则过去式 wrote。 26.help 解析：will 属于将来情态词，后面固定搭配动词原形。 27.him 解析：介词 to 后面，人称代词使用宾格形式，he 宾格 him。 28.are playing 解析：now 现在进行时，children 复数，be 用 are，play 变 playing。 29.rained 解析：yesterday 过去时间，rain 过去式 rained。 30.washes 解析：sometimes 一般现在时，he 三单，wash 以 sh 结尾，三单加 es。 31.climb 解析：Did 开头问句，后面动词必须用原形。 32.my 解析：后面有名词 toys，用形容词性物主代词 my 修饰。 33.had 解析：yesterday 过去时，have 不规则过去式 had。 34.was 解析：last year 过去时，she 单数主语，be 动词用 was。 35.any 解析：否定句中，some 要替换为 any。 36.will travel 解析：next holiday 下个假期，将来时，will 加动词原形。 37.caught 解析：just now 刚才，过去时态，catch 不规则过去式 caught。 38.take 解析：固定句型 Let me do sth，me 后接动词原形。 39.work 解析：every day 一般现在时，parents 复数主语，动词用原形。 40.didn't go 解析：last evening 昨晚，过去否定句，didn't + 动词原形。 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $