Unit 6 Friendship 单元培优卷-2025-2026学年沪教版五四学制八年级下学期英语（上海专用）

**基本信息** 沪教版五四学制八年级下Unit 6 Friendship单元培优卷，以友谊、环保、数字生活等真实情境为载体，融合语言能力与思维品质，适配单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空|10分|过去完成时、被动语态等|志愿者照顾动物情境，考查时态语态运用| |阅读理解|40分|细节理解、词义推断等|含青少年环保发明（Bubble Barrier）、数字 detox 等热点话题，培养信息筛选与批判性思维| |写作|10分|友谊主题描述|以“A True Friend”为题，要求结合难忘事例，提升语言表达与情感真挚度|

Unit 6 Friendship 单元培优卷-2026年8年级下学期英语 （沪教版五四学制2024版上海专用） (满分：100分， 考试时间：90分钟) Part 2 Grammar and Vocabulary (第二部分 语法与词汇) II. 语法填空 (10分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last summer, I joined a volunteering program at an animal shelter. I ___1___ never imagined that a small dog named Max would change my life. When I first saw Max, he was sitting quietly in the corner. He looked sad, and his eyes were full of fear. I decided ___2___ him a chance. Every day, I spent time with him, and slowly he began to trust me. One month later, Max ___3___ by a kind family. I was sad to see him go, but I knew it was the best for him. ___4___ his leaving, I still visit the shelter every weekend. Now I have helped more than ten dogs find their new homes. This experience taught me that love and patience can make a big difference. You ___5___ always give up on someone who needs help. ___6___ I feel tired after a long day at school, going to the shelter makes me feel energetic again. To me, ___7___ is more meaningful than seeing a scared animal become happy and confident. My parents are proud of me, and they say I am much ___8___ than before. I ___9___ to volunteer at the shelter for another year. This is something that ___10___ by everyone who loves animals. 1. A. had B. have C. was 2. A. give B. to give C. giving 3. A. adopted B. is adopted C. was adopted 4. A. Despite B. Although C. Because 5. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. wouldn’t 6. A. Even if B. So that C. As soon as 7. A. nothing B. anything C. something 8. A. responsible B. more responsible C. most responsible 9. A. plan B. have planned C. had planned 10. A. understands B. is understood C. understanding III. 五选四 (8分) 第一篇 (约180字) 从下面方框内所给的5个单词中选出4个，填入短文中的四个空格处（注意：不改变单词形式，直接选词）。 nervous across yourself achievement whenever Have you ever tried something completely new and felt scared? Last month, I decided to learn how to ride a horse. To be honest, I felt quite ____1____ before my first lesson because horses are so large and powerful. My instructor told me, “Don’t be too hard on ____2____. Everyone starts as a beginner.” She taught me how to get on the horse safely and hold the reins correctly. ____3____ I wanted to give up, she encouraged me to try one more time. After three weeks of practice, I finally managed to ride ____4____ the field without any help. That feeling of freedom was amazing! Completing this challenge felt like a huge personal achievement. Learning to ride taught me that the biggest enemy is often our own fear, not the difficulty of the task itself. Now I understand why people say that stepping out of your comfort zone is the first step toward growth. 第二篇 从下面方框内所给的5个单词中选出4个，填入短文中的四个空格处（注意：不改变单词形式，直接选词）。 ordinary crowd patiently valuable silence Every Sunday morning, I take a different route to walk to the library. Instead of walking through the busy shopping street, I go along a small path behind the old church. This path is ____1____ and quiet, with almost no people around. Most students prefer to stay with the ____2____ in the city center, but I enjoy this peaceful time alone. The ____3____ along the path allows me to hear the birds singing and the leaves rustling. These moments have become some of the most ____4____ parts of my week. I often think about my problems or plan my studies while walking. By the time I reach the library, my mind feels clear and ready to work. This simple habit has taught me that sometimes the best ideas come when we step away from noise and give ourselves space to think. IV. 词性转换 (8分) 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Please pass me the __________ (wood) chair. 2. His __________ (speak) at the meeting was very powerful. 3. The sun shines __________ (bright) in summer. 4. I received an __________ (invite) to her birthday party. 5. This is the __________ (twenty) time I’ve told you. 6. __________ (swim) is my favorite outdoor activity. 7. The teacher looked at me __________ (angry) because I was late. 8. My sister has a large __________ (collect) of stamps. V. 句型转换 (14分) 按要求完成句子，每空一词。 1. The little girl can speak three languages. (改为一般疑问句) __________ the little girl __________ three languages? 2. Tom has already finished his homework. (改为否定句) Tom __________ __________ his homework yet. 3. She has lived in Shanghai since 2019. (对划线部分提问) __________ __________ has she lived in Shanghai? 4. Let’s watch a movie tonight, __________ __________? (改为反义疑问句) 5. The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it. (改为同义句) The box is __________ heavy for me __________ carry. 6. “Will you join the science club?” Peter asked me. (改为宾语从句) Peter asked me __________ I __________ join the science club. 7. They will hold the sports meeting next Friday. (改为被动语态) The sports meeting __________ __________ held next Friday. 8. 连词成句 (注意：所有词必须用到，且不增减) friends, honest, be, should, each, with, other, you, your, and, to, helpful ______________________________________________________________________________ Part 3 Reading (第三部分 阅读) (共40分) VI. 阅读理解 A篇 (12分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 In a small town in the Netherlands, a group of teenagers has come up with an unusual solution to a big problem: plastic pollution in rivers. They call their invention “The Bubble Barrier.” This clever system works by pumping air through a tube placed at the bottom of a river. The air rises to the surface, creating a curtain of bubbles. These bubbles push plastic waste up to the surface and guide it to a collection platform. The teenagers got the idea after learning that millions of tons of plastic end up in the ocean every year, and much of it comes from rivers. “We wanted to stop the plastic before it reaches the ocean,” said one of the young inventors, 16-year-old Lisa. “The Bubble Barrier doesn’t harm fish or other river life because it simply directs the plastic to the side.” The system has already been tested in a small river in their hometown. During a one-month trial, it captured over 80% of the plastic waste that floated down the river. The local government was so impressed that it plans to install the system in three more rivers next year. The teenagers are now working on a new version that can work in larger rivers. They hope their invention will be used in cities around the world. “It’s not about being a hero,” Lisa said. “It’s about doing something small that can make a big difference.” 1. What is “The Bubble Barrier” designed to do? A. Clean the water for drinking. B. Catch fish more efficiently. C. Remove plastic from rivers. D. Create bubbles for children to play. 2. How does The Bubble Barrier work? A. It uses a net to catch plastic. B. It uses air bubbles to push plastic to the surface. C. It uses chemicals to break down plastic. D. It uses fish to eat the plastic. 3. Who invented The Bubble Barrier? A. A group of scientists. B. A local government team. C. A group of teenagers. D. A Dutch company. 4. What was the result of the one-month trial? A. It captured all the plastic in the river. B. It captured more than 80% of the plastic waste. C. It harmed many fish in the river. D. It was too expensive to use. 5. The word “captured” in paragraph 3 most likely means ______. A. caught and collected B. destroyed completely C. hid from view D. produced more 6. What is Lisa’s attitude toward their invention? A. She thinks they are heroes. B. She believes small actions matter. C. She wants to become rich. D. She thinks it’s not useful. B篇：完形填空 (14分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Do you know that the way you hold your phone can say a lot about you? Scientists have found that people’s smartphone habits are __1__ connected to their personalities. In a recent study, researchers watched how over 500 university students __2__ their phones. They discovered that people who hold their phones with one hand and type with their thumb are usually more __3__ and open to new experiences. On the other hand, people who use two hands to type tend to be more careful and __4__. The study also found that people who often __5__ their phone screens from others are generally more private and value their personal space. Those who leave their phones on the table when talking with friends are usually more __6__ and trusting. Of course, these are just general __7__. Not everyone fits perfectly into these categories. But next time you see someone using their phone, you might be able to guess a little about who they are. 1. A. closely B. terribly C. cheerfully D. doubtfully 2. A. stared at B. hung out C. held D. dug 3. A. nervous B. outgoing C. confused D. dead 4. A. responsible B. magical C. bad-tempered D. mean 5. A. show B. hide C. pack D. lie 6. A. doubtful B. caring C. selfish D. firm 7. A. tools B. seeds C. trends D. packets C篇 (10分) 阅读下面七句话，从A-G中选出五个恰当的句子，填入对话短文中相应的横线上，使对话完整、通顺。 A. That’s a great point. B. I’m not so sure about that. C. Have you heard about the new “digital detox” challenge? D. What do you mean by “digital detox”? E. I think I spend way too much time on social media. F. Do you think you could last a whole week? G. It’s becoming a real problem for our generation. 对话短文： Emma: Hey, Jack! ____(1)____ Jack: No, I haven’t. ____(2)____ Emma: It’s when people stop using all digital devices — no phones, no computers, no social media — for a certain period of time. Jack: Wow, that sounds difficult. ____(3)____ Emma: Probably not a whole week. But I’m thinking of trying it for just one day, like from Saturday morning to Sunday morning. Jack: ____(4)____ I check my phone at least a hundred times a day. Emma: Exactly. ____(5)____ I often find myself scrolling through videos for hours without even realizing it. Jack: Maybe we should try the challenge together. At least we can encourage each other. Emma: That would be great! D篇 (4分) 阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。 Have you ever received a “mystery box” from an online shop? These boxes, which contain unknown items, have become extremely popular on social media platforms like TikTok and Instagram. For a low price, customers can buy a box that might contain anything from cheap toys to expensive electronics. The excitement comes from not knowing what you will get. However, consumer protection groups are warning young people about the dangers of mystery boxes. A recent report found that over 70% of mystery boxes contain items worth less than half of the purchase price. Some boxes even contain broken or dangerous products. Many sellers use clever editing in their videos to make it seem like customers often win valuable prizes, but in reality, the chances are very low. Several countries have started to regulate mystery boxes. In China, online platforms are now required to clearly show the probability of getting each type of item. Some experts suggest that instead of buying mystery boxes, young people should save their money for things they actually need or want. 1. Why have mystery boxes become so popular on social media? (1分) _________________________________________________________________ 2. What did the recent report find about the value of items in mystery boxes? (1分) _________________________________________________________________ 3. How are some sellers misleading customers in their videos? (1分) _________________________________________________________________ 4. What requirement has China placed on online platforms selling mystery boxes? (1分) _________________________________________________________________ Part 4 Writing (第四部分 写作) (共20分) VII. 中译英 (10分) 根据中文意思，翻译下列句子。 1. 每当我感到困惑时，我的好朋友总是愿意倾听。 _________________________________________________________________ 2. 不要因为一次失败就对自己太苛刻。 _________________________________________________________________ 3. 她不仅学习努力，而且对同学很友善。 _________________________________________________________________ 4. 真正的友谊像一束光，能在黑暗中指引我们。 _________________________________________________________________ 5. 你应该学会在团队中和他人分享荣誉。 _________________________________________________________________ VIII. 写作 (10分) 友谊是人生中珍贵的礼物。请以“A True Friend”为题，写一篇不少于80词的短文，描述一位你真正的朋友，并分享你们之间的一件难忘的事情。 要求： 1. 词数不少于80。 2. 内容真实，情感真挚。 3. 可以运用所学词汇（如：cheerful, caring, whenever, be mean to, over the moon, doubtful, firm等）。 A True Friend _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 II. 语法填空 (10分) 1. A　　2. B　　3. C　　4. A　　5. B　　6. A　　7. A　　8. B　　9. B　　10. B III. 五选四 (8分) 第一篇： 1. nervous　　2. yourself　　3. Whenever　　4. across 第二篇： 1. ordinary　　2. crowd　　3. silence　　4. valuable IV. 词性转换 (8分) 1. wooden　　2. speech　　3. brightly　　4. invitation　　5. twentieth　　6. Swimming　　7. angrily　　8. collection V. 句型转换 (14分) 1. Can；speak 2. hasn’t；finished 3. How；long 4. shall；we 5. too；to 6. whether/if；would 7. will；be 8. You should be honest and helpful to each other with your friends. VI. 阅读理解 (40分) A篇： 1. C　　2. B　　3. C　　4. B　　5. A　　6. B B篇： 1. A　　2. C　　3. B　　4. A　　5. B　　6. B　　7. C C篇： 1. C　　2. D　　3. F　　4. A　　5. E D篇： 1. Because they create excitement from not knowing what you will get, and they are popular on TikTok and Instagram. 2. Over 70% of mystery boxes contain items worth less than half of the purchase price. 3. They use clever editing in their videos to make it seem like customers often win valuable prizes. 4. Online platforms are required to clearly show the probability of getting each type of item. VII. 中译英 (10分) 1. Whenever I feel confused, my good friend is always willing to listen. 2. Don’t be too hard on yourself because of one failure. 3. She not only studies hard but is also very kind/friendly to her classmates. 4. True friendship is like a beam of light that can guide us in the darkness. 5. You should learn to share honor with others in a team. VIII. 写作 (10分) - 参考范文 A True Friend A true friend is someone who stays with you through both good times and bad times. My best friend Li Ming is exactly that person. I still remember the day when I failed the important math competition. I felt terrible and thought I had let everyone down. While others were celebrating their success, Li Ming sat beside me in silence. He didn’t say much at first. He just put his hand on my shoulder and waited until I was ready to talk. Then he said, “One failure doesn’t define you. Let’s work harder together.” Whenever I feel doubtful about myself, he always encourages me to keep going. He is never mean to me, even when I make mistakes. His caring nature and firm belief in me have helped me become a better person. I am over the moon to have him as my friend. True friendship, as I have learned, is not about always agreeing with each other — it’s about always being there for each other. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $