学易金卷：高二英语下学期期末模拟卷 ▪ 提升卷（上海专用）

**基本信息** 本试卷以真实情境与多元主题为载体，融合语言知识与思维训练，通过个人叙事、社会热点、科技发展等素材，全面考查高二学生语言应用与跨文化理解能力，适配期末提升需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法词汇|20分|时态、非谓语、连词等语法；词汇辨析与语境应用|以登山纪念亡子的个人叙事设题，考查语法在情感表达中的应用，体现语言能力与思维品质| |阅读理解|约40分|社会现象（老年人屏幕使用）、科技（智慧城市）、考古（人类用火史）、文学评论、领导力研究|跨领域主题设计，如C篇探讨内向者领导力，培养批判性思维；B篇书籍评论渗透文化意识| |概要写作|10分|信息整合与逻辑提炼|以全球粮食危机为主题，考查快速抓取核心信息能力，关联社会责任感| |翻译与写作|40分|句式转换、文化表达；应用文写作|翻译题结合生活场景（住宿选择、加油排队），写作要求描述中国特色地点，强化跨文化沟通能力|

2025-2026学年高二下学期期末模拟卷（提升卷） 英语·解析版 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. My son, Ben, died when he was 23. The year after his death, I hiked 48 of the state’s 1 (tall) mountains in his memory. Every step, path and peak has been a way 2 (restore) myself. About a month after his death, my husband and I hiked Carter Dome and Mount Hight, sorrow weighing heavy in our hearts and legs. 3 (stand) on the peak, I looked out across the mountains my son loved. For a moment, the heavy blow 4 (string) about by Ben’s death faded into the timeless expanse, and I could breathe. The next weekend found us on Mount Moosilauke. Then Mount Cannon, Mount Flume, Mount Liberty and so on. It was a series of firsts, of struggles and overcoming them — climbing at night, climbing slides and rocks, camping alone, finding paths and planning routes. Six days before the anniversary of Ben’s death, I hiked my 48th and final peak: Mount Carrigain. As I stood on the observation platform at the peak, I found the essential truth I 5 (struggle) to express for months: The only place 6 feels vast enough to hold sorrow this deep and wide is the top of a mountain, looking out into forever. 7 I once might have hidden myself, these days I hike to seek. I find Ben, but I also find myself: someone broken, now braver and more capable. 8 starts as the forced isolation of sorrow now turns into the welcome loneliness of the path. Hiking is both exhausting and exciting, and it teaches us that sorrow and joy 9 coexist. But there’s another, possibly more important truth: A hike is not the only way to find the peace of the natural world; a simple walk along a park path can have a similar effect. The internal journey of sorrows 10 (mix) with our steps, and we find comfort along the way. 【答案】 1．tallest 2．to restore 3．Standing 4．strung 5．had been struggling 6．that 7．While/Although/Though 8．What 9．can 10．mixes 【导语】本文讲述了作者在儿子去世后通过徒步登山来缓解悲痛，在这一过程中重新找到了自我，并领悟到悲伤与快乐可以共存，以及自然具有疗愈力量的道理。 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：在他去世后的第二年，我徒步攀登了该州48座最高的山峰以纪念他。根据空前的“48 of the state’s”以及语境可知，此处指48座最高的山峰，应用形容词最高级。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：每一步、每一条小路和每一座山峰都是我恢复自我的一种方式。谓语动词是has been，因此restore为非谓语。a way to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事的方法”，此处用不定式作后置定语修饰way。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：站在山顶上，我眺望儿子喜爱的群山。空处是句子状语，句子主语I和stand之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：那一刻，因本的离世而承受的沉重打击消散在苍茫天地间，我可以呼吸了。空处修饰the heavy blow作后置定语，the heavy blow和string之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，意为“被……缠绕/折磨”。 5．考查时态。句意：当我站在山顶的观察平台上时，我找到了数月以来一直难以言说的核心真相：唯一足够辽阔、能容纳这般深沉绵长悲伤的地方是山顶，可以永远地眺望远方。根据时间状语“for months”可知，动作“struggle”发生在found之前并持续了数月，应用过去完成进行时，表示在过去某一时间之前一直持续的动作。 6．考查定语从句。句意：唯一足够辽阔、能容纳这般深沉绵长悲伤的地方是山顶，可以永远地眺望远方。空处引导定语从句，先行词是place，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，且空前有the only修饰，所以只能用关系代词that引导。 7．考查状语从句。句意：尽管我曾经会封闭自我，如今却以徒步去追寻答案。前后分句存在让步逻辑关系，此处引导让步状语从句。应用While/Although/Though引导。 8．考查代词。句意：起初因悲伤而被迫独处，如今化作旅途上欣然享受的独处时光。此处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指代事物，句首单词首字母需大写。 9．考查情态动词。句意：徒步既疲惫又治愈，它让我们明白悲伤与喜悦能够共存。结合句意，此处表示“能够、可以”应用can。 10．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：悲伤的内心旅程与前行的脚步交融，我们沿途收获慰藉。空处为句子谓语，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。主语The internal journey of sorrows是单数概念，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．addiction    B．boom  C． consequently  D．drain   E. police    F. replacing    G. rushing     H. steady    I. steer    J. tragically    K. vulnerable Meet the real screen addicts: the elderly As ownership of digital devices becomes more common, older people’s screen time is growing. Instead of 11 time spent on other media, phones and tablets seem to be adding to the daily total. Over the past decade, TV and radio consumption among people in their 50s and 60s has held 12 , while time spent on social media, gaming and audio streaming have all increased. Ofcom has found that combining TV and smart devices, those of retirement age clock up more daily screen time than do young adults. Older people face some online risks that other 13 groups do not. Unlike most teenagers, their phones and tablets are often linked to their bank accounts. In-app purchasing within games — so-called trophies and the like — can 14 wallets. So can fraudsters (骗子), who are able to contact and rob their victims within the same app. “In poor countries especially, older people have embraced WhatsApp for everything,” says Dr Vahia, “which is also the platform of choice for fraudsters as a result.” The elderly also lack the social guardrails that regulate teenagers’ screen time. During the day teachers 15 teens’ phone usage, while parents do the nagging (唠叨) in the evening. By contrast, elderly people are their own bosses; they may not have someone to 16 them towards help if they need it. “ 17 , with older people, sometimes there is simply no one around, or if then no one really notices what they’re up to on their computer,” says Henrietta Bowden-Jones. Elderly people are much less likely than the young to complain to their doctor of phone 18 , says Dr Vahia. But in some cases, screen time is what lies behind other, more obvious problems in older patients, he says. For instance, alarming and misleading news may be a particular threat to the elderly, who are twice as likely as under-25s to use news apps or websites. Yet a 19 in screen time among the elderly is by no means all bad. Professor Bowden-Jones believes that for people forced to stay at home, because they feel unable to get out or because they can no longer drive, the ability to follow pursuits online “is just so wonderfully invigorating”. Messaging apps bring family closer. Gaming passes the time. Spotify and YouTube are nostalgia machines that bring childhood music and video 20 back. 【答案】 11．F 12．H 13．K 14．D 15．E 16．I 17．J 18．A 19．B 20．G 【导语】文章主要阐述随着数字设备的普及，老年人屏幕使用时间增长，他们面临一些特殊的网络风险，但屏幕使用对他们也有积极影响，如丰富居家生活、拉近与家人距离等。 【详解】11．考查动词。句意：手机和平板电脑似乎并没有取代花在其他媒体上的时间反而增加了每日的总时长。结合“phones and tablets seem to be adding to the daily total. ”可知，“instead of”是介词短语其后需接动名词形式作宾语表达手机和平板电脑并非替代了花在其他媒体上的时间，“replacing”符合语境用于说明手机和平板电脑与其他媒体使用时间的关系。 12．考查形容词。句意：在过去十年里50多岁和60多岁人群对电视和广播的消费保持稳定而花在社交媒体、游戏和音频流媒体上的时间都有所增加。“hold”在这里作为系动词后接形容词作表语，结合“while time spent on social media, gaming and audio streaming have all increased”可知，对电视和广播的消费保持稳定，“hold steady”表示保持稳定的状态。 13．考查形容词。句意：老年人面临一些其他弱势群体没有的网络风险。“groups”是名词需要形容词来修饰像老年人这样易遭受网络风险的群体，“vulnerable”符合语境，用于说明该群体的特点。 14．考查动词。句意：游戏内的应用内购买——所谓的战利品之类的——会耗尽钱包。“can”是情态动词后接动词原形表达应用内购买这种行为会使钱包里的钱被耗尽，“drain”符合语境用于描述应用内购买对钱包造成的影响。 15．考查动词。句意：白天老师监督青少年的手机使用情况晚上家长则唠叨此事。句子缺少谓语动词，描述老师在白天对青少年手机使用进行管理这一动作，“police”符合语境用于体现老师对青少年手机使用的监管行为。 16．考查动词。句意：相比之下老年人自己做主；如果他们需要帮助可能没有人引导他们获得帮助。“to”为不定式符号后接动词原形构成动词不定式“steer sb. towards...”表示“引导某人走向……”，这里表示当老年人需要帮助时可能无人引导他们获得帮助。 17．考查副词。句意：亨丽埃塔・鲍登 - 琼斯表示：可悲的是，对于老年人而言，身边有时根本无人陪伴；即便有人在旁，也没人真正留意他们在电脑上做些什么。老年人身边常常没人，没人注意他们在电脑上做什么，这是可悲的情况，tragically意思是“可悲的是”符合，作状语。 18．考查名词。句意：瓦希博士说老年人比年轻人更不太可能向医生抱怨手机成瘾问题。此句描述老年人向医生抱怨手机成瘾问题的可能性，“addiction”符合语境，用于说明抱怨的内容。 19．考查名词。句意：然而老年人屏幕时间的激增并非全是坏事。空处应填名词作主语，“boom”符合语境，用于描述老年人屏幕时间变多。 20．考查动词。句意：Spotify和YouTube是怀旧机器能让童年的音乐和视频快速回到眼前。结合“ Spotify and YouTube are nostalgia machines”可知，此处指让与童年有关的事物快速回到眼前，rush back意思是“快速返回；突然回来”，“rushing”在这里作宾语补足语。 II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context People who live in cities are starting to get a lot more information to help plan their daily lives. Smarter City systems are telling residents about traffic jams, the time the next bus will arrive, the 21 for flooding, and other useful updates. This is happening because cities are 22 the streams of information from sensors to manage urban systems better. The number of 23 like these sensors will reach 50 billion by 2020. Cities are complex systems of systems that have always 24 vast amounts of information. Information flowing in from many small subsystems, such as local flood catch-basins, is integrated with other 25 to provide guidance on the overall operation of a city. This integrated data, from such systems of systems, is then given to city administrators in useful formats that can change 26 for the better. 27 , in many cities, the coming population growth will challenge even the most skilled city managers, and the old infrastructure of many such cities is not equipped with the ability to gather the data needed to 28 city operations. Despite the seeming 29 of data gathering infrastructure, another option exists, considering the shift from desktop computing to mobile devices and tablets. Mobile technology has 30 dramatically in the past decade to the point where a lightweight smartphone may gather all kinds of data, such as its location, local temperature and background noise levels. Furthermore, in the near future, additional 31 are easily imagined, where sensors will be able to detect chemical pollution, local lighting conditions, vibration levels, and more. This will enable a new era where citizens are able to participate in city management, where the very data required to improve city operations is in part 32 provided by its citizens via smartphone apps. It also raises complex 33 issues that must be dealt with as we face this new era, but similarly provides opportunities for the citizens to play an active role in the improvement of their 34 , not only in the reporting of critical environmental and transportation data, but in taking an active role in solving the problems they have encountered. It will be a cooperative and informed effort, with information technology enabling social transformation, to 35 the growing challenges facing our cities in the coming decades. 21．A．reason B．potential C．hope D．occasion 22．A．upgrading B．enlarging C．altering D．employing 23．A．systems B．applications C．devices D．guides 24．A．weathered B．generated C．adored D．existed 25．A．sources B．users C．overseers D．means 26．A．city living B．urban planning C．traffic flow D．basic facilities 27．A．Therefore B．Besides C．However D．Thus 28．A．guide B．apply C．advise D．order 29．A．specialty B．need C．decrease D．lack 30．A．decreased B．reformed C．advanced D．increased 31．A．talents B．capabilities C．qualities D．performances 32．A．accidentally B．surprisingly C．willingly D．determinedly 33．A．confidential B．efficiency C．biological D．social 34．A．community B．performance C．unity D．recreation 35．A．overlook B．increase C．predict D．address 【答案】 21．B 22．D 23．C 24．B 25．A 26．A 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．C 31．B 32．C 33．D 34．A 35．D 【导语】文章介绍了智慧城市依托传感器、大数据优化城市管理，同时指出老旧城市基建存在不足，随着移动科技进步，普通市民可借助手机参与城市治理，既带来发展机遇，也伴随相关问题，需要多方协作应对城市发展挑战。 【详解】21．考查名词。句意：智慧城市系统向居民播报交通拥堵、下一班公交车的抵达时间、洪水发生的可能性以及其他实用最新消息。A. reason原因；B. potential可能性；C. hope希望；D. occasion场合。根据后文“for flooding”可知，城市预警会提示洪水发生的潜在可能。 22．考查动词。句意：这种情况正在出现，因为各大城市正运用传感器信息流，更好地管理城市系统。A. upgrading升级；B. enlarging扩大；C. altering改变；D. employing使用。根据后文“the streams of information from sensors to manage urban systems better” 可知，城市在利用传感器信息开展管理工作。 23．考查名词。句意：到2020年，类似传感器这类设备的数量将达到500亿。A. systems系统；B. applications应用；C. devices设备；D. guides指南。根据后文“like these sensors”可知，传感器属于电子设备。 24．考查动词。句意：城市是层层嵌套的复杂系统，一直以来都会产生海量信息。A. weathered经受；B. generated产生；C. adored喜爱；D. existed存在。根据前文“Cities are complex systems of systems”及后文“ vast amounts of information”可知，城市运行会不断产出各类信息。 25．考查名词。句意：来自小型子系统（如城市小型蓄洪区）的流动信息，会与其他信息来源整合，为城市整体运转提供指导。A. sources来源；B. users使用者；C. overseers监督者；D. means方式。根据前文“Information flowing in from many small subsystems”提及各类小型信息系统，对应的是不同的信息来源。 26．考查名词短语。句意：源自复合系统的整合数据，以实用形式呈现给城市管理者，助力城市生活更好发展。A. city living城市生活；B. urban planning城市规划；C. traffic flow车流量；D. basic facilities基础设施。根据前文“city administrators”及“in useful formats”可知，城市管理者以有用的形式利用这些数据肯定会让城市生活变的更好。 27．考查连词。句意：然而，在许多城市，未来的人口增长将会给即便经验丰富的城市管理者带来挑战，许多城市陈旧的基础设施，并不具备收集所需数据的能力，无法指导城市运转。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. However然而；D. Thus因此。根据后文“the coming population growth will challenge even the most skilled city managers, and the old infrastructure of many such cities is not equipped with the ability to gather the data”可知，前文讲述智慧城市的优势，本段转而介绍城市发展难题，前后为转折关系。 28．考查动词。句意同上。A. guide指导；B. apply应用；C. advise建议；D. order命令。根据前文“provide guidance on the overall operation of a city”可知，数据的作用是指导城市运行。 29．考查名词。句意：尽管收集数据的基础设施看似匮乏，但从台式电脑向移动设备转变的趋势下，我们仍有别的解决办法。A. specialty特色；B. need需求；C. decrease减少；D. lack缺乏。根据前文“ the old infrastructure of many such cities is not equipped with the ability to gather the data”可知，旧基建功能不足，说明数据基建存在短缺问题。 30．考查动词。句意：在过去十年里，移动科技飞速发展，轻薄的智能手机能够收集各类数据，例如位置信息、当地温度以及环境噪音分贝。A. decreased减少；B. reformed改革；C. advanced发展；D. increased增加。根据后文“a lightweight smartphone may gather all kinds of data”可知，手机可多功能采集数据，说明移动技术取得巨大进步。 31．考查名词。句意：此外，在不久的将来，更多功能不难实现，传感器将能够检测化学污染、局部光照、震动强度等指标。A. talents天赋；B. capabilities功能；C. qualities品质；D. performances表现。根据后文“sensors will be able to detect chemical pollution, local lighting conditions, vibration levels, and more”罗列传感器新增检测功能，说明未来设备有更多功能。 32．考查副词。句意：这将开启一个全新的时代：市民能够参与城市管理，优化城市运行所需的部分数据，在一定程度上由市民通过手机应用自愿提供。A. accidentally意外地；B. surprisingly惊人地；C. willingly自愿地；D. determinedly坚定地。根据前文“citizens are able to participate in city management”可知，市民主动参与城市管理，是自发自愿分享信息。 33．考查形容词。句意：这也催生了复杂的社会问题，在迈入新时代的过程中，这些问题亟待解决。A. confidential机密的；B. efficiency效率；C. biological生物的；D. social社会的。根据前文“citizens are able to participate in city management”可知，全民参与城市治理，涉及大众公共生活，属于社会层面问题。 34．考查名词。句意：但与此同时，这也为市民创造了机会，让大家能够积极参与社区建设：不仅可以上报关键的环境与交通数据，还能主动行动，去解决身边遇到的各类问题。A. community社区；B. performance表现；C. unity团结；D. recreation娱乐。根据前文“for the citizens to play an active role in the improvement of their”可知，市民日常生活与社区紧密相关，参与治理可以改善社区环境。 35．考查动词。句意：这将是一场协作共建、信息互通的行动，借助信息技术推动社会变革，以应对未来数十年城市日益严峻的各类挑战。A. overlook忽视；B. increase增加；C. predict预测；D. address应对。根据后文“challenges”可知，文章旨在说明合力解决城市发展困境。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) For many years, scientists thought humans first learned to make fire only about 50,000 years ago. But a groundbreaking discovery in England suggests this skill is far older — pushing the earliest evidence back by 350,000 years. The new evidence comes from Barnham, an archaeological site in England. Researchers found a patch of unusually red soil, a sign of repeated heating. Tests confirmed that the soil had been heated to 400-750℃, and this was not caused by any natural fire in the area. Excavations (挖掘) also found four stone hand axes broken by fire. But the strongest evidence was two tiny pieces of iron pyrite (黄铁矿). This stone can produce sparks when struck by another stone, like flint. Iron pyrite is not naturally found within 10 miles of the Barnham site, which means ancient people must have brought it there to start fires. While researchers did not find scars on the stones from the fire-sparking process, this is still the oldest proof of human fire-making intentionally — about 400,000 years old. The findings challenge long-held theories. “Before this, I would have said people didn’t make fire then,” says Amy Clark, an archaeologist from Harvard University. Other researchers also find the discovery exciting. “The evidence for fire is really solid,” says Gilliane Monnier. “It’s a very rare find.” However, some experts urge caution. No human remains have been found at Barnham, so it is unclear who made the fire. Dennis Sandgathe, another scientist, notes this skill may have been discovered and forgotten many times over thousands of years. He points out that scientists have dug up many other sites from the same time period, but none contained iron pyrite — the smoking gun of the new research. “If making fire was widespread back then,” he says, “we would have found this stone in other places, too.” 36．What does the Barnham discovery suggest about fire-making? A．It relied mainly on natural fires. B．It was widespread 50,000 years ago. C．It began much earlier than believed. D．It was commonly seen at ancient sites. 37．Why are the iron pyrite pieces considered important evidence? A．They can burn for a long time. B．They are native to the Barnham area. C．They indicate clear marks of being struck. D．They show early humans made fire on purpose. 38．What does the underlined phrase “smoking gun” in paragraph 5 mean? A．A theory with weak support. B．A tool used for hunting animals. C．A common stone for making tools. D．A key piece of evidence for human fire-making. 39．What is the author’s attitude to the research? A．Objective. B．Supportive. C．Cautious. D．Doubtful. 【答案】36．C 37．D 38．D 39．A 【导语】文章讲述了英国考古新发现将人类人工取火历史大幅前推，给出多重有力证据，颠覆传统理论，但也有专家提出质疑，作者客观呈现各方观点。 【详解】36．细节理解题。根据第一段“But a groundbreaking discovery in England suggests this skill is far older — pushing the earliest evidence back by 350,000 years.(但英国一项突破性发现表明，取火这项技能历史要古老得多，把最早证据往前推了35万年。)”可知，巴纳姆遗址的发现表明人类开始生火的时间远比以往认为的更早。 37．细节理解题。根据第三段“This stone can produce sparks when struck by another stone, like flint. Iron pyrite is not naturally found within 10 miles of the Barnham site, which means ancient people must have brought it there to start fires. While researchers did not find scars on the stones from the fire-sparking process, this is still the oldest proof of human fire-making intentionally — about 400,000 years old.(这种石头与另一块石头撞击时会产生火花，就像燧石一样。巴纳姆遗址方圆10英里内天然并不存在黄铁矿，这意味着古人一定是把它带到那里用来生火的。尽管研究人员没有在石头上发现打火留下的痕迹，但这仍然是人类有意生火的最古老证据 —— 距今约40万年。)”可知，黄铁矿遗存证明早期人类是刻意主动生火。 38．词句猜测题。根据第五段“He points out that scientists have dug up many other sites from the same time period, but none contained iron pyrite — the smoking gun of the new research.(他指出科学家发掘过许多同时期遗址，却都没有发现黄铁矿 —— 也就是这项新研究的smoking gun。)” 以及第一段“But a groundbreaking discovery in England suggests this skill is far older — pushing the earliest evidence back by 350,000 years.(但英国一项突破性发现表明，取火这项技能历史要古老得多，把最早证据往前推了35万年。)”可知，这里smoking gun指佐证人类生火行为的关键性确凿证据。 39．推理判断题。根据第四段“Other researchers also find the discovery exciting. “The evidence for fire is really solid,” says Gilliane Monnier. “It’s a very rare find.”(其他研究人员也认为这一发现令人振奋。“这项关于用火的证据非常确凿，”吉莉安・莫尼耶说，“这是一个极为罕见的发现。”)”以及第五段“However, some experts urge caution.(然而，一些专家持谨慎态度。)”可知，文章既客观引用支持该研究的观点，也如实呈现专家的质疑看法，不带个人主观倾向，可推断作者态度是客观中立的。 (B) What’s UP? Here, let’s take a look at some excellent book review s for this month. Dead Good Detectives Jenny McLachlan This is the story of a 12-year-old girl called Sid who loves playing horror games with her friends. But when she accidentally releases the ancient ghost pirate, Bones, Sid is launched into an adventure! However, there is someone hiding in the shadows, intended to send Bones back into the mysterious inn that he came from. This is a funny, exciting book that I would recommend to people who love lots of laughs. Totty Shirley Galligan To find his home, Totty the turtle goes on an impressive adventure with the help of his friends, and has different obstacles to overcome. He wakes up with a plastic bag stuck around his neck, swims through an oil spill and gets caught in a fishing net. My favourite part was when his friend, the whale, helped him out of the garbage mountain, and he was rescued by the Sea Turtle Rescue Centre. If you like sea animals and care for the environment then this is a good book for you! Fact Book of The Month: Aliens Joalda Morancy Ever wondered what incredible creatures might live beyond our planet? This mind- blowing book teaches you everything about the search for alien lifeforms in our solar system and beyond. Meet the robots sent to Mars to look for Martians, find out how to spot an advanced alien civilization and discover what really goes on at Area 51! Do alien s exist? And is it only a matter of time before we find them?! 40．Whose book will be recommended to someone who likes humorous stories? A．Jenny McLachlan’s. B．Shirley Galligan’s. C．Joalda Morancy’s. D．J. K. Rowling’s. 41．Readers of Totty are expected to ___________. A．possess the ability of vivid imagination. B．get known various kinds of sea creatures. C．develop interest in lifeforms beyond the earth. D．reflect on human’s impact on marine life. 42．In which column may we find this text? A．Science and research. B．Education and learning. C．Environment and ecology. D．Literature and art. 【答案】40．A 41．D 42．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是关于三个儿童书籍的书评。 40．细节理解题。根据Dead Good Detectives部分中“This is a funny, exciting book that I would recommend to people who love lots of laughs.”（这是一本有趣的、令人兴奋的书，我会推荐给喜欢笑的人）可知，该书适合喜欢幽默故事的孩子，作者为Jenny McLachlan。故选A。 41．推理判断题。根据Totty部分中“He wakes up with a plastic bag stuck around his neck, swims through an oil spill and gets caught in a fishing net.”（他醒来时发现脖子上缠着一个塑料袋，他游过了漏油点，却被渔网缠住了）以及“If you like sea animals and care for the environment then this is a good book for you!”（如果你喜欢海洋动物，关心环境，那么这是一本很适合你的书!）可知，该书的写作目的是让儿童去思考人类活动对海洋生物产生的影响，故选D。 42．推理判断题。根据表格上方“Let’s take a look at some excellent book review s for this month.”（让我们来看看本月的一些优秀书评）可知，本文体裁属于书评，应是来自于文学和艺术。故选D。 (C) Outgoing personality traits are often associated with top corporate roles, but new research suggests businesses miss out when they fail to find and promote executives with more understated styles. Harvard Business School researcher Francesca Gino has found that introverts can play a crucial role in leading teams. She and her collaborators asked bosses to rate how extroverted they considered themselves and then studied how their teams worked. They found that extroverts were more dominant, drove conversations and were less receptive to new ideas. Introverts, on the other hand, listened to ideas, internalized them and were able to improve team performance. Gino said that introverts demonstrate superior performance when they are leading a team of proactive workers. It seems it's easier for extroverts to climb the corporate ladder, she noted. A 2009 study conducted by researchers found that 60 percent of top level executives displayed high levels of extroversion. But introverts clearly have something to offer, Gino said, citing examples of successful introverted leaders, such as Amazon's Jeff Bezos and Bill Gates. Extroverts feel more energized by social interactions whereas introverts are more energized by solitud — but this isn't necessarily linked to how shy or good at, say, public speaking, someone is, says Nancy Ancowitz, a business communication coach and author of Selfpromotion for Introverts: The Quiet Guide to Getting Ahead. Introverts can use simple cues to make sure their value is not overlooked, Ancowitz said. "Sometimes it's raising a finger, leaning forward, saying someone' s name — any of those cues can work. The important part is you need to be heard, you need to make your contributions known, otherwise you can get passed up for the raises and other people get the credit for your hard work.” Some·leadership traits might come a little bit more naturally to extroverts, according to Jennifer Kahnweiler, an executive coach. Kahnweiler, who defines introverts as low-key thinkers who are energized by solitude and prefer in-depth conversation to casual chatter, interviewed introverted executives who successfully climbed the corporate ranks. These leaders had learned to put careful thought into their social presentation at work and to manage expectations so that bosses and co-workers could see the up-side of their personal work style. The executives she studied had a hyperawareness about how they were viewed and managed it to their benefit. According to Gino of Harvard Business School, one of the key takeaways from her research is that anyone can learn to practice effective leadership. She found that regardless of their personality type, when pushed to try different styles, people were able to learn the positive leadership characteristics of both introverts and extroverts. 43．Unlike an extrovert, an introverted leader performs best when . A．he is engaged in meaningful conversations B．the workers he leads often take the initiatives C．he improves on the new ideas proposed by workers D．he becomes a collaborator to his boss and workers 44．Introverted leaders make their presence felt by . A．overcoming shyness in public speaking B．working hard and contributing to shared goals C．sending out verbal or nonverbal signals D．getting credit for what they have done 45．Like the extroverts, introverted leaders . A．tend to be low-key but efficient thinkers. B．know how to conduct conversation with workers. C．expect their workers and bosses to respect them. D．try to manage how other people look at them. 46．The new research mainly tells us that . A．introverts can also become great corporate leaders B．introverts should follow the examples of extroverts C．introverts should change their leadership styles D．the best leaders combine the styles of introverts and extroverts 【答案】43．B 44．C 45．D 46．A 【导语】本文主要探讨了性格内向的人在企业领导角色中的优势及作用，指出内向者也能成为优秀的企业领导者。 43．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Gino said that introverts demonstrate superior performance when they are leading a team of proactive workers.(吉诺说，当内向者领导一群积极主动的员工时，他们会表现出卓越的表现。)”可知，与外向者不同，内向的领导者在领导主动工作的员工时表现最佳。 44．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Introverts can use simple cues to make sure their value is not overlooked, Ancowitz said. ‘Sometimes it’s raising a finger, leaning forward, saying someone’s name — any of those cues can work. The important part is you need to be heard, you need to make your contributions known, otherwise you can get passed up for the raises and other people get the credit for your hard work.’(安科维茨说，内向的人可以用简单的暗示来确保自己的价值不被忽视。“有时候是举起一根手指，身体前倾，说出某人的名字——任何一种暗示都可以。重要的是你需要被听到，你需要让别人知道你的贡献，否则你会错过加薪的机会，而别人会为你的辛勤工作而获得赞誉。”)”可知，内向的领导者通过发出语言或非语言信号来让别人感受到他们的存在。 45．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“These leaders had learned to put careful thought into their social presentation at work and to manage expectations so that bosses and co-workers could see the up-side of their personal work style. The executives she studied had a hyperawareness about how they were viewed and managed it to their benefit.(这些领导者学会了在工作中仔细思考自己的社交表现，和管理期望，以便老板和同事能够看到他们个人工作风格的优点。她研究的这些高管们非常清楚别人是如何看待他们的，并利用这一点为自己谋利。)”可知，像外向者一样，内向的领导者也试图管理别人对他们的看法。 46．主旨大意题。根据根据第一段“Outgoing personality traits are often associated with top corporate roles, but new research suggests businesses miss out when they fail to find and promote executives with more understated styles. Harvard Business School researcher Francesca Gino has found that introverts can play a crucial role in leading teams.(外向的性格特征通常与企业中的高层职位相关联，但新的研究表明，如果企业找不到并提拔风格较为低调的高管，就会错失良机。哈佛商学院研究员弗朗西斯卡·吉诺发现，内向者在领导团队方面可以发挥至关重要的作用。)”可知，新研究表明，企业如果未能发掘和提拔风格更为低调的内向型高管，就会错失良机。随后通过研究结果、具体例子和分析说明，论证了内向者也可以成为优秀的企业领导者。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Do animals have feelings? People often assign feelings to animals. That zoo polar bear’s vacant stare must mean he’s sad. The uh-oh expression a dog flashes after knocking over the garbage indicates shame. But scientists haven’t determined whether these human-like expressions really mean anything. After all, it’s very difficult to read a dog’s mind. Scientists believe that certain brain cells in humans called spindle cells (棱形细胞) are responsible for human social behavior and the interplay between thoughts and feelings. Studies have revealed that chimpanzee, dolphin and whale brains also possess spindle cells. 47 Even animals that don’t have spindle cells, such as dogs, have shown behaviors that can suggest a human-like social sense. 48 Scientists report that this shows dogs are sensitive to human social cues and are able to correctly interpret them. Still, this only proves that dogs know how to find food, not that they have feelings. Observations of apes have also revealed behavior that appears to represent various human-like desires. In some tests, chimpanzees demonstrate what looks like altruism (利他主义) helping their own kind and even other species without the expectation of a reward. 49 In a recent study, a Barnard College researcher tested dogs to see if their guilty looks were linked to actual bad behavior. Dogs were tempted with a treat and told by their owners not to eat it. The dog’s owners weren’t allowed to see whether their pets had eaten the treat or not, but were told either that they did or that they didn’t, and were then instructed to scold the dogs that disobeyed. The experimenters noted that scolded dogs showed a guilty look whether or not they had actually done wrong. 50 A guilty look suggests a feeling of guilt in a human but not necessarily in a dog, according to the Barnard research. Similarly, even apparent empathy (共情) behavior might not actually mean these feelings are present in the brains of animals. A．Although these are all animals that can act people-like, the presence of these cells does not mean that the animals have feelings. B．Anyone who claims to know what animals feel doesn’t have science on their side. C．In recent experiments, dogs have shown that they know to follow a human’s pointed finger to find a food treat. D．Many people think that empathy is a special emotion only humans show. E．Other experiments have cast doubt that animal behavior can reliably signify an underlying feeling. F．This illustrates the difficulty in accurately interpreting animal behavior as a marker of human-like feelings. 【答案】47．A 48．C 49．E 50．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。针对动物是否有感情，对黑猩猩、海豚和鲸鱼这类与人类有一样的棱形细胞的动物研究发现，虽然这些动物都能像人一样行动，但这些细胞的存在并不意味着动物有感情。对被责骂的狗的研究发现，狗无论是否做错，面对责骂，都会表现出内疚的表情。 47．前文“Scientists believe that certain brain cells in humans called spindle cells (棱形细胞) are responsible for human social behavior and the interplay between thoughts and feelings. Studies have revealed that chimpanzee, dolphin and whale brains also possess spindle cells. (科学家们认为，人类大脑中被称为棱形细胞的特定细胞负责人类的社会行为以及思想和感情之间的相互作用。研究表明，黑猩猩、海豚和鲸鱼的大脑也有梭形细胞。)”说明黑猩猩、海豚和鲸鱼的大脑也有和人类一样的棱形细胞。结合选项，A项“Although these are all animals that can act people-like, the presence of these cells does not mean that the animals have feelings. (虽然这些动物都能像人一样行动，但这些细胞的存在并不意味着动物有感情。)”照应前文，符合语境，是对前文的转折。而且选项中的“these are all animals”指代前文中的“chimpanzee, dolphin and whale”。故选A。 48．下文“Scientists report that this shows dogs are sensitive to human social cues and are able to correctly interpret them. (科学家们报告说，这表明狗对人类的社交暗示很敏感，并且能够正确地解读它们。)”介绍某项实验结果。结合选项，C项“In recent experiments, dogs have shown that they know to follow a human’s pointed finger to find a food treat. (在最近的实验中，狗狗已经表明，它们知道跟着人类的手指找到食物。)”符合符合语意，照应了实验结果。且下文的“this”指代选项中“In recent experiments”。故选C。 49．下文“The experimenters noted that scolded dogs showed a guilty look whether or not they had actually done wrong. (实验人员注意到，被责骂的狗无论是否真的做错了，都会表现出内疚的表情。)”表明无论是否做错，面对责骂，狗都会表现出内疚的表情。结合选项，E项“Other experiments have cast doubt that animal behavior can reliably signify an underlying feeling. (其他实验对动物行为能否可靠地表示一种潜在的感觉提出了质疑。)”为中心句。下文中的这句话是对中心句的证明，说明动物表达感情是不准确的。故选E。 50．上文“The experimenters noted that scolded dogs showed a guilty look whether or not they had actually done wrong. (实验人员注意到，被责骂的狗无论是否真的做错了，都会表现出内疚的表情。)”以及下文“A guilty look suggests a feeling of guilt in a human but not necessarily in a dog, according to the Barnard research. Similarly, even apparent empathy (共情) behavior might not actually mean these feelings are present in the brains of animals. (根据巴纳德学院的研究，人脸上露出内疚的表情意味着内疚，但狗并不一定如此。同样，即使是明显的共情行为也不一定意味着这些感觉存在于动物的大脑中。)”表明无论是否做错，面对责骂，狗都会表现出内疚的表情。明显的共情行为也不一定意味着这些感觉存在于动物的大脑中。结合选项，F项“This illustrates the difficulty in accurately interpreting animal behavior as a marker of human-like feelings. (这说明了将动物行为准确解释为类人情感的标志的难度。)”是对上文实验的说明，而且下文再次论证选项的观点。故选F。 IV.Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Food Shortage Crisis There is no doubt that a global food shortage crisis currently exists. With the prices of staple grains such as wheat, rice, and corn rising from year to year, more people continue to go hungry. In order to prevent this problem from growing any worse and potentially ruining economies around the world, it is crucial that sound solutions are sought and implemented. According to experts, one solution is for scientists to develop new tools to increase crop production. Researchers around the world are studying ways to improve crops and farming techniques. Two such pieces that are making important discoveries are the International Rice Research Institute in the Philippines and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center in Mexico. Scientists there are growing staple crops that are more pest-resistant and weed-resistant. The new and improved crops are also more nutrient-rich and yield higher quantities. Helping farmers safeguard against bad weather conditions is another possible solution to the global food shortage crisis. Unprepared farmers and unpredictable weather have proven to be a recipe for disaster. For example, droughts in Australia have left hundreds of farms bare and even more people without food. A farm pond to store rainwater is one preventative method scientists have developed to fight against the threat of droughts. Governments and farmers aren’t the only groups that must work towards a solution to the global food shortage crisis. Consumers also bear the responsibility of helping decrease shortage. One very simple thing that all consumers can do is purchase and eat less meat. Cows, chickens, and pigs are all fed with feed made from corn and other important grains. The large amount of food that is used to feed them could easily be redirected for human consumption if the demand for such meats decreased. There is no doubt that the global food shortage problem needs to be addressed immediately. The only way to prevent further worldwide hunger and malnutrition is for all parties to work together towards a solution. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A global food shortage crisis exists, with rising grain prices. To stop this problem from worsening and damaging global economies, we must find and carry out effective solutions immediately. Solutions include scientists developing new crop-growing tools, protecting farmers from bad weather, and consumers eating less meat. All must work together. 【导语】全球粮食短缺危机已然存在，粮食价格持续上涨。为阻止该问题进一步恶化、破坏全球经济，我们必须立刻寻找并实施有效的解决办法。解决措施包括：科研人员研发新型农作物种植设备、保护农民免受恶劣天气侵害，以及消费者减少肉类摄入。各方必须携手合作、共同应对。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①There is no doubt that a global food shortage crisis currently exists. With the prices of staple grains such as wheat, rice, and corn rising from year to year, more people continue to go hungry. ②According to experts, one solution is for scientists to develop new tools to increase crop production. ③Helping farmers safeguard against bad weather conditions is another possible solution to the global food shortage crisis. ④Consumers also bear the responsibility of helping decrease shortage. One very simple thing that all consumers can do is purchase and eat less meat. ⑤The only way to prevent further worldwide hunger and malnutrition is for all parties to work together towards a solution. 2.缜密构思 将第一个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4、5四个要点进行分说。 3.遣词造句 A global food shortage crisis exists, with rising grain prices. To stop this problem from worsening and damaging global economies, we must find and carry out effective solutions immediately. Solutions include scientists developing new crop - growing tools, protecting farmers from bad weather, and consumers eating less meat. All must work together. 【点睛】[高分句型1] To stop this problem from worsening and damaging global economies, we must find and carry out effective solutions immediately. (运用了不定式作目的状语) [高分句型2] Solutions include scientists developing new crop-growing tools, protecting farmers from bad weather, and consumers eating less meat. (运用了动名词的复合结构作宾语和现在分词作状语) V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．可供选择的住宿条件从经济旅馆至豪华宾馆不等。(range) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The available accommodation ranges from budget hotels to luxury hotels. 【详解】表示“可供选择的住宿条件”用The available accommodation，作主语；表示“从……至……不等”用range from...to...，本句描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为accommodation，谓语用ranges。表示“经济旅馆”用budget hotels；表示“豪华宾馆”用luxury hotels。 53．趁着油价还没涨，我爸爸半夜里去加油站排队加满油。(line) _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】Taking advantage of the fact that oil prices haven’t gone up yet, my father lined up at the gas station at midnight to fill up his car with gas. 【详解】表示“趁着油价还没涨”译为take advantage of the fact that oil prices haven’t gone up yet，that引导同位语从句，从句中表示过去的动作对现在产生影响，为现在完成时，与主语father构成主动关系，用现在分词作状语；表示“去加油站排队”译为line up at the gas station，发生在过去用一般过去时；表示“半夜里”译为at midnight；表示“加满油”译为fill up his car with gas，为不定式作目的状语。 54．这个社区服务俱乐部以组织各种志愿活动为特色，为其成员提供了权衡每个想法利弊的机会。(feature) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The community service club features organizing various voluntary activities, offering its members the opportunity to weigh the pros and cons of each idea. 【详解】“这个社区服务俱乐部”为主语，可译为the community service club；“以……为特色”为谓语，用feature；“组织各种志愿活动”作宾语，用organizing various voluntary activities，动名词作feature的宾语；“为……提供……”用offer sb. sth.，这里offer和主语club之间是主动关系，表伴随，用现在分词；“成员”用member；“……的机会”用the opportunity to do...，不定式作后置定语；“权衡每个想法利弊”用weigh the pros and cons of each idea。句子表述俱乐部的客观属性，用一般现在时，主语club是第三人称单数，故谓语用单数形式features。 55．这门课程更注重拓展学生的想象力，而不是传授书本知识，简直是给这群思维活跃的孩子们量身定制的。(not as …as…) _____________________________________________ 【答案】This course is not as focused on teaching textbook knowledge as on expanding students’ imagination, and it is perfectly tailor-made for these active-minded children. 【详解】表示“这门课程”译为this course，作主语；表示“更注重拓展学生的想象力，而不是传授书本知识”用not as…as….，译为be not as focused on teaching textbook knowledge as on expanding students’ imagination；and连接并列句，主语为it；表示“简直是给……量身定制”译为be perfectly tailor-made for；表示“这群思维活跃的孩子们”译为these active-minded children。陈述事实用一般现在时。 VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in about 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高二学生李华。你的英国笔友 Chris 对中国的名胜古迹和自然风光等具有鲜明中国特色的元素都很感兴趣，来信询问你印象最深刻的一个地方。请你给他回信，内容须包括： 1）说明这个地方为什么让你印象深刻； 2）简述这个地方的特色（自然景观、历史文化等）； 3）描述你在那里的一次具体经历过程中的真实内心感受。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Chris, I’m delighted to receive your letter. Among numerous places in China, the Great Wall impresses me most. The Great Wall is a remarkable symbol of China’s profound history and culture. Spanning across mountains and deserts, its grandeur is beyond description. It was built over thousands of years, embodying the wisdom and perseverance of ancient Chinese people. I still vividly remember the first time I climbed the Great Wall. As I ascended the steps, I was overwhelmed by its vastness and magnificence. Every brick seemed to tell stories of the past. Standing on the top, looking out at the endless expanse, I felt an indescribable sense of pride in our rich heritage. It was a moment when I truly understood the weight of history, and I was deeply moved by the human effort and determination that went into creating this wonder.      I sincerely hope you can come and experience its charm someday. Li Hua 【导语】要求以明启中学高二学生李华的身份，给对中国特色元素感兴趣的英国笔友Chris回信，介绍印象最深刻的地方，需涵盖印象深刻的原因、地方特色以及在该地一次具体经历的内心感受。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 众多的：numerous → a variety of 显著的：remarkable → outstanding 体现：embody → exemplify 广阔：vastness → immensity 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The Great Wall is a remarkable symbol of China’s profound history and culture. 拓展句：The Great Wall, which is one of the most famous landmarks in the world, is a remarkable symbol of China’s profound history and culture. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Spanning across mountains and deserts, its grandeur is beyond description.（运用现在分词短语作状语） 【高分句型2】It was a moment when I truly understood the weight of history, and I was deeply moved by the human effort and determination that went into creating this wonder.（运用when和that引导的定语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二下学期期末模拟卷（提升卷） 参考答案及评分标准 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 B D C B A A C A D C 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 答案 B C D A D C D D A A 题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 答案 D D B C D A A C E F II．Grammar and Vocabulary （20%） Section A 1．tallest 2．to restore 3．Standing 4．strung 5．had been struggling 6．that 7．While/Although/Though 8．What 9．can 10．mixes Section B 11．F 12．H 13．K 14．D 15．E 16．I 17．J 18．A 19．B 20．G III．Reading Comprehension （45%） Section A 21．B 22．D 23．C 24．B 25．A 26．A 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．C 31．B 32．C 33．D 34．A 35．D Section B 36．C 37．D 38．D 39．A 40．A 41．D 42．D 43．B 44．C 45．D 46．A Section C 47．A 48．C 49．E 50．F IV．概要写作（10%） One possible version: 51．A global food shortage crisis exists, with rising grain prices. To stop this problem from worsening and damaging global economies, we must find and carry out effective solutions immediately. Solutions include scientists developing new crop-growing tools, protecting farmers from bad weather, and consumers eating less meat. All must work together. V. Translation （15%） 52．The available accommodation ranges from budget hotels to luxury hotels. 53．Taking advantage of the fact that oil prices haven’t gone up yet, my father lined up at the gas station at midnight to fill up his car with gas. 54．The community service club features organizing various voluntary activities, offering its members the opportunity to weigh the pros and cons of each idea. 55．This course is not as focused on teaching textbook knowledge as on expanding students’ imagination, and it is perfectly tailor-made for these active-minded children. VI. Guided Writing （25%） 56．Dear Chris, I’m delighted to receive your letter. Among numerous places in China, the Great Wall impresses me most. The Great Wall is a remarkable symbol of China’s profound history and culture. Spanning across mountains and deserts, its grandeur is beyond description. It was built over thousands of years, embodying the wisdom and perseverance of ancient Chinese people. I still vividly remember the first time I climbed the Great Wall. As I ascended the steps, I was overwhelmed by its vastness and magnificence. Every brick seemed to tell stories of the past. Standing on the top, looking out at the endless expanse, I felt an indescribable sense of pride in our rich heritage. It was a moment when I truly understood the weight of history, and I was deeply moved by the human effort and determination that went into creating this wonder.      I sincerely hope you can come and experience its charm someday. Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $2025-2026学年下学期英语期末模拟卷 II.Grammar and Vocabulary Section A VL.Guided Writing 姓名 21 22 准考证号 23 24 缺标记 注意事项 1,答题心。考生先将日 26 2 请将准考证条码精 27 8 29 14A1161It11U1 ∠A1151(11U 4LAJIBJICJIDI 5.1AJLBJICJID] 61AJLBJICJID] 1AJIBIICIIDI 8A11811(I1D 9AIIBIICIID] IV.Summary Writing 10.A川811C1D1 111AJIB]ICIID] 12A11B11C1I01 13 AJIBJICJ1D时 14.1AJI8JIC]ID] 15.AJIBJICJID] 16.1A118(11U1 1AA11511CU 184A1B11c10 19,AI81I1D 20AJIBJICIIDI AJLBJICJIDIIEJIF11GJIHJ1JLJIKI AIIBIICJIUIIEIIFIIGJIHIIIJIRI A11s11U11E1161iH111tK1 AII8IICJIUIIEIIFJI6]IHIIJIK] ,AA11B111U1151片16114111其N1 ,A161111U11t1111611H1111J1IK1 V.Translation 34A11811U11E1【t1I611H1I1121K1 必A1tB1C1D11tF611H小I1121IK1 gA1811C11U11t611H11小tK1 4U441#1111U11e111911H1t111tN1 41.[A][B][C][D] 42.[A][BI[C][D] 43.(A][B][C][D] 44.[AJIB][CI[D] 45.[A][BI[CI[DI 46.[A][B]IC][DI 47.(A][B][CIID] 48.[AJ[B][CI[DI 49[A]IBI[CJID] 50.[A][B][C][D] 51.[A][B][C][D] 52[A][BI[C]IDI 53.A]IB1[C][D] 54.AJIB1 (cl[D】 55.[AJ[B][CI[D] 561AJIB]ICIID] 57.A]1B1IC1D1 58[AJIBJICI[D] 59.[AJ[BI[CIID] 60.[A][BJICIID] 611A]IB][CIID] 62(AJIBJ[CJID] 6.(AJIB]IC]ID] 641AJIB][CJ[D] 65.IAIIBIICIIDI 66.IA1IBIICIIDI 67.(AJ[BJIC]ID][E][F] 68[AJIB][C][DJ[EJ[F] 691AJIBJICJIDJIEI[FI 70IAJIBIICJLDJIEIIFI ■ ■2025-2026学年下学期英语期末模拟卷 II.Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 姓名： 21. 22 准考证号 23. 24. 缺考标记 注意事项 考生禁止填涂缺考标 1.答题前，考生先将自已的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚 老师 25 记！只能由监考 26. 责用黑色字迹的签 笔填涂填涂 2. 请将准考证条码粘贴在右侧的条码粘贴处]的方框内。 正确 ■1 [-U√][×] 3.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂：非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色 字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整。 27 28. 29 30. 1.A][B][C]ID] 2.IA][B][c][D] 3.[A][B][C][D] ■ 4.A][B][c][D] 5.[A][B][C][D] 6.[AJ[B[C][D] 7.[A][B][c][D] 8.[A][B][c][D] 9.[A][B][c][D] IV.Summary Writing 1o.[A]IB][C][D] 11.[A][B][C][D] 12.[A][B][C][D] 13.AJ[B][c][D] 14.[A][B][c][D] 15.[AJ[B][c][D] 16.[A][B][C][D] 17.IA][B][c][D] 18.[A][B][c][D] 19.[A][B][c][D] 20.[A][B1[c][D] 31.LAJLBJLCJLDJLEJLFJLGJLHJLIJLJJLKJ 32.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G][H][I][J][K] 33.LA][B][c][D][E][F][G]IH][I][J][K] 34.A][B][C][D][E][F][G][H][I][J][K] 35.A][B][c][D][E][F][G][H][I][J][K] 36.LA][B][c][D][E][F][G][H][I][J][K] V.Translation 37.LA][B][c][D][E][F][G][H][IJ[J][K] 38.A][B][c][D][E][F][G][H][I][J][K] 39.[A][B][c][D][E][F][G][H][I][J][K] 4o.A][B][c][D][E][F][G]IH][I][J][K] 41.A][B][C][D] 42.A1[B][C][D] 43.[A[BJ[c][D] 44.A][B][C][D] 45.A][B][C][D] 46.[A][B][C][D] 47[A][B][C][D] 48.[A][B][C][D] 49.[AJ[BJ[c][D] 5o.A[B][c][D] 51.AJ[B][c][D] 52.A][B][c][D] 53.A][B[c][D] 54.AJ[B][c[D] 55.[A][B][c[D] 56.[A][B]IC][D] 57.IA][B][c][D] 58.A][B][c][D] 59.[A][B1[c][D] 6o.IA][B][c][D] 61A][B][C][D] 62.A][B][c][D] 63.[A][B][C][D] 64.A][B][C][D] 65.TA1rBITCITD1 66.TA1rBI[CIID1 67.[A][B][c][D][E][F] 68.[A]IB][c][D][E][F] 69.[AJ[B][C][D][E][F] 7o.[A][B][c][D][E]F] VI.Guided Writing ■ ■………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年高二下学期期末模拟卷（提升卷） 英语·考试版 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. My son, Ben, died when he was 23. The year after his death, I hiked 48 of the state’s 1 (tall) mountains in his memory. Every step, path and peak has been a way 2 (restore) myself. About a month after his death, my husband and I hiked Carter Dome and Mount Hight, sorrow weighing heavy in our hearts and legs. 3 (stand) on the peak, I looked out across the mountains my son loved. For a moment, the heavy blow 4 (string) about by Ben’s death faded into the timeless expanse, and I could breathe. The next weekend found us on Mount Moosilauke. Then Mount Cannon, Mount Flume, Mount Liberty and so on. It was a series of firsts, of struggles and overcoming them — climbing at night, climbing slides and rocks, camping alone, finding paths and planning routes. Six days before the anniversary of Ben’s death, I hiked my 48th and final peak: Mount Carrigain. As I stood on the observation platform at the peak, I found the essential truth I 5 (struggle) to express for months: The only place 6 feels vast enough to hold sorrow this deep and wide is the top of a mountain, looking out into forever. 7 I once might have hidden myself, these days I hike to seek. I find Ben, but I also find myself: someone broken, now braver and more capable. 8 starts as the forced isolation of sorrow now turns into the welcome loneliness of the path. Hiking is both exhausting and exciting, and it teaches us that sorrow and joy 9 coexist. But there’s another, possibly more important truth: A hike is not the only way to find the peace of the natural world; a simple walk along a park path can have a similar effect. The internal journey of sorrows 10 (mix) with our steps, and we find comfort along the way. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．addiction    B．boom  C． consequently  D．drain   E. police    F. replacing    G. rushing     H. steady    I. steer    J. tragically    K. vulnerable Meet the real screen addicts: the elderly As ownership of digital devices becomes more common, older people’s screen time is growing. Instead of 11 time spent on other media, phones and tablets seem to be adding to the daily total. Over the past decade, TV and radio consumption among people in their 50s and 60s has held 12 , while time spent on social media, gaming and audio streaming have all increased. Ofcom has found that combining TV and smart devices, those of retirement age clock up more daily screen time than do young adults. Older people face some online risks that other 13 groups do not. Unlike most teenagers, their phones and tablets are often linked to their bank accounts. In-app purchasing within games — so-called trophies and the like — can 14 wallets. So can fraudsters (骗子), who are able to contact and rob their victims within the same app. “In poor countries especially, older people have embraced WhatsApp for everything,” says Dr Vahia, “which is also the platform of choice for fraudsters as a result.” The elderly also lack the social guardrails that regulate teenagers’ screen time. During the day teachers 15 teens’ phone usage, while parents do the nagging (唠叨) in the evening. By contrast, elderly people are their own bosses; they may not have someone to 16 them towards help if they need it. “ 17 , with older people, sometimes there is simply no one around, or if then no one really notices what they’re up to on their computer,” says Henrietta Bowden-Jones. Elderly people are much less likely than the young to complain to their doctor of phone 18 , says Dr Vahia. But in some cases, screen time is what lies behind other, more obvious problems in older patients, he says. For instance, alarming and misleading news may be a particular threat to the elderly, who are twice as likely as under-25s to use news apps or websites. Yet a 19 in screen time among the elderly is by no means all bad. Professor Bowden-Jones believes that for people forced to stay at home, because they feel unable to get out or because they can no longer drive, the ability to follow pursuits online “is just so wonderfully invigorating”. Messaging apps bring family closer. Gaming passes the time. Spotify and YouTube are nostalgia machines that bring childhood music and video 20 back. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context People who live in cities are starting to get a lot more information to help plan their daily lives. Smarter City systems are telling residents about traffic jams, the time the next bus will arrive, the 21 for flooding, and other useful updates. This is happening because cities are 22 the streams of information from sensors to manage urban systems better. The number of 23 like these sensors will reach 50 billion by 2020. Cities are complex systems of systems that have always 24 vast amounts of information. Information flowing in from many small subsystems, such as local flood catch-basins, is integrated with other 25 to provide guidance on the overall operation of a city. This integrated data, from such systems of systems, is then given to city administrators in useful formats that can change 26 for the better. 27 , in many cities, the coming population growth will challenge even the most skilled city managers, and the old infrastructure of many such cities is not equipped with the ability to gather the data needed to 28 city operations. Despite the seeming 29 of data gathering infrastructure, another option exists, considering the shift from desktop computing to mobile devices and tablets. Mobile technology has 30 dramatically in the past decade to the point where a lightweight smartphone may gather all kinds of data, such as its location, local temperature and background noise levels. Furthermore, in the near future, additional 31 are easily imagined, where sensors will be able to detect chemical pollution, local lighting conditions, vibration levels, and more. This will enable a new era where citizens are able to participate in city management, where the very data required to improve city operations is in part 32 provided by its citizens via smartphone apps. It also raises complex 33 issues that must be dealt with as we face this new era, but similarly provides opportunities for the citizens to play an active role in the improvement of their 34 , not only in the reporting of critical environmental and transportation data, but in taking an active role in solving the problems they have encountered. It will be a cooperative and informed effort, with information technology enabling social transformation, to 35 the growing challenges facing our cities in the coming decades. 21．A．reason B．potential C．hope D．occasion 22．A．upgrading B．enlarging C．altering D．employing 23．A．systems B．applications C．devices D．guides 24．A．weathered B．generated C．adored D．existed 25．A．sources B．users C．overseers D．means 26．A．city living B．urban planning C．traffic flow D．basic facilities 27．A．Therefore B．Besides C．However D．Thus 28．A．guide B．apply C．advise D．order 29．A．specialty B．need C．decrease D．lack 30．A．decreased B．reformed C．advanced D．increased 31．A．talents B．capabilities C．qualities D．performances 32．A．accidentally B．surprisingly C．willingly D．determinedly 33．A．confidential B．efficiency C．biological D．social 34．A．community B．performance C．unity D．recreation 35．A．overlook B．increase C．predict D．address Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) For many years, scientists thought humans first learned to make fire only about 50,000 years ago. But a groundbreaking discovery in England suggests this skill is far older — pushing the earliest evidence back by 350,000 years. The new evidence comes from Barnham, an archaeological site in England. Researchers found a patch of unusually red soil, a sign of repeated heating. Tests confirmed that the soil had been heated to 400-750℃, and this was not caused by any natural fire in the area. Excavations (挖掘) also found four stone hand axes broken by fire. But the strongest evidence was two tiny pieces of iron pyrite (黄铁矿). This stone can produce sparks when struck by another stone, like flint. Iron pyrite is not naturally found within 10 miles of the Barnham site, which means ancient people must have brought it there to start fires. While researchers did not find scars on the stones from the fire-sparking process, this is still the oldest proof of human fire-making intentionally — about 400,000 years old. The findings challenge long-held theories. “Before this, I would have said people didn’t make fire then,” says Amy Clark, an archaeologist from Harvard University. Other researchers also find the discovery exciting. “The evidence for fire is really solid,” says Gilliane Monnier. “It’s a very rare find.” However, some experts urge caution. No human remains have been found at Barnham, so it is unclear who made the fire. Dennis Sandgathe, another scientist, notes this skill may have been discovered and forgotten many times over thousands of years. He points out that scientists have dug up many other sites from the same time period, but none contained iron pyrite — the smoking gun of the new research. “If making fire was widespread back then,” he says, “we would have found this stone in other places, too.” 36．What does the Barnham discovery suggest about fire-making? A．It relied mainly on natural fires. B．It was widespread 50,000 years ago. C．It began much earlier than believed. D．It was commonly seen at ancient sites. 37．Why are the iron pyrite pieces considered important evidence? A．They can burn for a long time. B．They are native to the Barnham area. C．They indicate clear marks of being struck. D．They show early humans made fire on purpose. 38．What does the underlined phrase “smoking gun” in paragraph 5 mean? A．A theory with weak support. B．A tool used for hunting animals. C．A common stone for making tools. D．A key piece of evidence for human fire-making. 39．What is the author’s attitude to the research? A．Objective. B．Supportive. C．Cautious. D．Doubtful. (B) What’s UP? Here, let’s take a look at some excellent book review s for this month. Dead Good Detectives Jenny McLachlan This is the story of a 12-year-old girl called Sid who loves playing horror games with her friends. But when she accidentally releases the ancient ghost pirate, Bones, Sid is launched into an adventure! However, there is someone hiding in the shadows, intended to send Bones back into the mysterious inn that he came from. This is a funny, exciting book that I would recommend to people who love lots of laughs. Totty Shirley Galligan To find his home, Totty the turtle goes on an impressive adventure with the help of his friends, and has different obstacles to overcome. He wakes up with a plastic bag stuck around his neck, swims through an oil spill and gets caught in a fishing net. My favourite part was when his friend, the whale, helped him out of the garbage mountain, and he was rescued by the Sea Turtle Rescue Centre. If you like sea animals and care for the environment then this is a good book for you! Fact Book of The Month: Aliens Joalda Morancy Ever wondered what incredible creatures might live beyond our planet? This mind- blowing book teaches you everything about the search for alien lifeforms in our solar system and beyond. Meet the robots sent to Mars to look for Martians, find out how to spot an advanced alien civilization and discover what really goes on at Area 51! Do alien s exist? And is it only a matter of time before we find them?! 40．Whose book will be recommended to someone who likes humorous stories? A．Jenny McLachlan’s. B．Shirley Galligan’s. C．Joalda Morancy’s. D．J. K. Rowling’s. 41．Readers of Totty are expected to ___________. A．possess the ability of vivid imagination. B．get known various kinds of sea creatures. C．develop interest in lifeforms beyond the earth. D．reflect on human’s impact on marine life. 42．In which column may we find this text? A．Science and research. B．Education and learning. C．Environment and ecology. D．Literature and art. (C) Outgoing personality traits are often associated with top corporate roles, but new research suggests businesses miss out when they fail to find and promote executives with more understated styles. Harvard Business School researcher Francesca Gino has found that introverts can play a crucial role in leading teams. She and her collaborators asked bosses to rate how extroverted they considered themselves and then studied how their teams worked. They found that extroverts were more dominant, drove conversations and were less receptive to new ideas. Introverts, on the other hand, listened to ideas, internalized them and were able to improve team performance. Gino said that introverts demonstrate superior performance when they are leading a team of proactive workers. It seems it's easier for extroverts to climb the corporate ladder, she noted. A 2009 study conducted by researchers found that 60 percent of top level executives displayed high levels of extroversion. But introverts clearly have something to offer, Gino said, citing examples of successful introverted leaders, such as Amazon's Jeff Bezos and Bill Gates. Extroverts feel more energized by social interactions whereas introverts are more energized by solitud — but this isn't necessarily linked to how shy or good at, say, public speaking, someone is, says Nancy Ancowitz, a business communication coach and author of Selfpromotion for Introverts: The Quiet Guide to Getting Ahead. Introverts can use simple cues to make sure their value is not overlooked, Ancowitz said. "Sometimes it's raising a finger, leaning forward, saying someone' s name — any of those cues can work. The important part is you need to be heard, you need to make your contributions known, otherwise you can get passed up for the raises and other people get the credit for your hard work.” Some·leadership traits might come a little bit more naturally to extroverts, according to Jennifer Kahnweiler, an executive coach. Kahnweiler, who defines introverts as low-key thinkers who are energized by solitude and prefer in-depth conversation to casual chatter, interviewed introverted executives who successfully climbed the corporate ranks. These leaders had learned to put careful thought into their social presentation at work and to manage expectations so that bosses and co-workers could see the up-side of their personal work style. The executives she studied had a hyperawareness about how they were viewed and managed it to their benefit. According to Gino of Harvard Business School, one of the key takeaways from her research is that anyone can learn to practice effective leadership. She found that regardless of their personality type, when pushed to try different styles, people were able to learn the positive leadership characteristics of both introverts and extroverts. 43．Unlike an extrovert, an introverted leader performs best when . A．he is engaged in meaningful conversations B．the workers he leads often take the initiatives C．he improves on the new ideas proposed by workers D．he becomes a collaborator to his boss and workers 44．Introverted leaders make their presence felt by . A．overcoming shyness in public speaking B．working hard and contributing to shared goals C．sending out verbal or nonverbal signals D．getting credit for what they have done 45．Like the extroverts, introverted leaders . A．tend to be low-key but efficient thinkers. B．know how to conduct conversation with workers. C．expect their workers and bosses to respect them. D．try to manage how other people look at them. 46．The new research mainly tells us that . A．introverts can also become great corporate leaders B．introverts should follow the examples of extroverts C．introverts should change their leadership styles D．the best leaders combine the styles of introverts and extroverts Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Do animals have feelings? People often assign feelings to animals. That zoo polar bear’s vacant stare must mean he’s sad. The uh-oh expression a dog flashes after knocking over the garbage indicates shame. But scientists haven’t determined whether these human-like expressions really mean anything. After all, it’s very difficult to read a dog’s mind. Scientists believe that certain brain cells in humans called spindle cells (棱形细胞) are responsible for human social behavior and the interplay between thoughts and feelings. Studies have revealed that chimpanzee, dolphin and whale brains also possess spindle cells. 47 Even animals that don’t have spindle cells, such as dogs, have shown behaviors that can suggest a human-like social sense. 48 Scientists report that this shows dogs are sensitive to human social cues and are able to correctly interpret them. Still, this only proves that dogs know how to find food, not that they have feelings. Observations of apes have also revealed behavior that appears to represent various human-like desires. In some tests, chimpanzees demonstrate what looks like altruism (利他主义) helping their own kind and even other species without the expectation of a reward. 49 In a recent study, a Barnard College researcher tested dogs to see if their guilty looks were linked to actual bad behavior. Dogs were tempted with a treat and told by their owners not to eat it. The dog’s owners weren’t allowed to see whether their pets had eaten the treat or not, but were told either that they did or that they didn’t, and were then instructed to scold the dogs that disobeyed. The experimenters noted that scolded dogs showed a guilty look whether or not they had actually done wrong. 50 A guilty look suggests a feeling of guilt in a human but not necessarily in a dog, according to the Barnard research. Similarly, even apparent empathy (共情) behavior might not actually mean these feelings are present in the brains of animals. A．Although these are all animals that can act people-like, the presence of these cells does not mean that the animals have feelings. B．Anyone who claims to know what animals feel doesn’t have science on their side. C．In recent experiments, dogs have shown that they know to follow a human’s pointed finger to find a food treat. D．Many people think that empathy is a special emotion only humans show. E．Other experiments have cast doubt that animal behavior can reliably signify an underlying feeling. F．This illustrates the difficulty in accurately interpreting animal behavior as a marker of human-like feelings. IV.Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Food Shortage Crisis There is no doubt that a global food shortage crisis currently exists. With the prices of staple grains such as wheat, rice, and corn rising from year to year, more people continue to go hungry. In order to prevent this problem from growing any worse and potentially ruining economies around the world, it is crucial that sound solutions are sought and implemented. According to experts, one solution is for scientists to develop new tools to increase crop production. Researchers around the world are studying ways to improve crops and farming techniques. Two such pieces that are making important discoveries are the International Rice Research Institute in the Philippines and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center in Mexico. Scientists there are growing staple crops that are more pest-resistant and weed-resistant. The new and improved crops are also more nutrient-rich and yield higher quantities. Helping farmers safeguard against bad weather conditions is another possible solution to the global food shortage crisis. Unprepared farmers and unpredictable weather have proven to be a recipe for disaster. For example, droughts in Australia have left hundreds of farms bare and even more people without food. A farm pond to store rainwater is one preventative method scientists have developed to fight against the threat of droughts. Governments and farmers aren’t the only groups that must work towards a solution to the global food shortage crisis. Consumers also bear the responsibility of helping decrease shortage. One very simple thing that all consumers can do is purchase and eat less meat. Cows, chickens, and pigs are all fed with feed made from corn and other important grains. The large amount of food that is used to feed them could easily be redirected for human consumption if the demand for such meats decreased. There is no doubt that the global food shortage problem needs to be addressed immediately. The only way to prevent further worldwide hunger and malnutrition is for all parties to work together towards a solution. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．可供选择的住宿条件从经济旅馆至豪华宾馆不等。(range) _______________________________________________________________________________ 53．趁着油价还没涨，我爸爸半夜里去加油站排队加满油。(line) _______________________________________________________________ 54．这个社区服务俱乐部以组织各种志愿活动为特色，为其成员提供了权衡每个想法利弊的机会。(feature) ___________________________________________________________________ 55．这门课程更注重拓展学生的想象力，而不是传授书本知识，简直是给这群思维活跃的孩子们量身定制的。(not as …as…) _____________________________________________ VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in about 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高二学生李华。你的英国笔友 Chris 对中国的名胜古迹和自然风光等具有鲜明中国特色的元素都很感兴趣，来信询问你印象最深刻的一个地方。请你给他回信，内容须包括： 1）说明这个地方为什么让你印象深刻； 2）简述这个地方的特色（自然景观、历史文化等）； 3）描述你在那里的一次具体经历过程中的真实内心感受。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第7页（共10页） 试题 第8页（共10页） 试题 第11页（共12页） 试题 第12页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二下学期期末模拟卷（提升卷） 英语·考试版 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. My son, Ben, died when he was 23. The year after his death, I hiked 48 of the state’s 1 (tall) mountains in his memory. Every step, path and peak has been a way 2 (restore) myself. About a month after his death, my husband and I hiked Carter Dome and Mount Hight, sorrow weighing heavy in our hearts and legs. 3 (stand) on the peak, I looked out across the mountains my son loved. For a moment, the heavy blow 4 (string) about by Ben’s death faded into the timeless expanse, and I could breathe. The next weekend found us on Mount Moosilauke. Then Mount Cannon, Mount Flume, Mount Liberty and so on. It was a series of firsts, of struggles and overcoming them — climbing at night, climbing slides and rocks, camping alone, finding paths and planning routes. Six days before the anniversary of Ben’s death, I hiked my 48th and final peak: Mount Carrigain. As I stood on the observation platform at the peak, I found the essential truth I 5 (struggle) to express for months: The only place 6 feels vast enough to hold sorrow this deep and wide is the top of a mountain, looking out into forever. 7 I once might have hidden myself, these days I hike to seek. I find Ben, but I also find myself: someone broken, now braver and more capable. 8 starts as the forced isolation of sorrow now turns into the welcome loneliness of the path. Hiking is both exhausting and exciting, and it teaches us that sorrow and joy 9 coexist. But there’s another, possibly more important truth: A hike is not the only way to find the peace of the natural world; a simple walk along a park path can have a similar effect. The internal journey of sorrows 10 (mix) with our steps, and we find comfort along the way. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．addiction    B．boom  C． consequently  D．drain   E. police    F. replacing    G. rushing     H. steady    I. steer    J. tragically    K. vulnerable Meet the real screen addicts: the elderly As ownership of digital devices becomes more common, older people’s screen time is growing. Instead of 11 time spent on other media, phones and tablets seem to be adding to the daily total. Over the past decade, TV and radio consumption among people in their 50s and 60s has held 12 , while time spent on social media, gaming and audio streaming have all increased. Ofcom has found that combining TV and smart devices, those of retirement age clock up more daily screen time than do young adults. Older people face some online risks that other 13 groups do not. Unlike most teenagers, their phones and tablets are often linked to their bank accounts. In-app purchasing within games — so-called trophies and the like — can 14 wallets. So can fraudsters (骗子), who are able to contact and rob their victims within the same app. “In poor countries especially, older people have embraced WhatsApp for everything,” says Dr Vahia, “which is also the platform of choice for fraudsters as a result.” The elderly also lack the social guardrails that regulate teenagers’ screen time. During the day teachers 15 teens’ phone usage, while parents do the nagging (唠叨) in the evening. By contrast, elderly people are their own bosses; they may not have someone to 16 them towards help if they need it. “ 17 , with older people, sometimes there is simply no one around, or if then no one really notices what they’re up to on their computer,” says Henrietta Bowden-Jones. Elderly people are much less likely than the young to complain to their doctor of phone 18 , says Dr Vahia. But in some cases, screen time is what lies behind other, more obvious problems in older patients, he says. For instance, alarming and misleading news may be a particular threat to the elderly, who are twice as likely as under-25s to use news apps or websites. Yet a 19 in screen time among the elderly is by no means all bad. Professor Bowden-Jones believes that for people forced to stay at home, because they feel unable to get out or because they can no longer drive, the ability to follow pursuits online “is just so wonderfully invigorating”. Messaging apps bring family closer. Gaming passes the time. Spotify and YouTube are nostalgia machines that bring childhood music and video 20 back. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context People who live in cities are starting to get a lot more information to help plan their daily lives. Smarter City systems are telling residents about traffic jams, the time the next bus will arrive, the 21 for flooding, and other useful updates. This is happening because cities are 22 the streams of information from sensors to manage urban systems better. The number of 23 like these sensors will reach 50 billion by 2020. Cities are complex systems of systems that have always 24 vast amounts of information. Information flowing in from many small subsystems, such as local flood catch-basins, is integrated with other 25 to provide guidance on the overall operation of a city. This integrated data, from such systems of systems, is then given to city administrators in useful formats that can change 26 for the better. 27 , in many cities, the coming population growth will challenge even the most skilled city managers, and the old infrastructure of many such cities is not equipped with the ability to gather the data needed to 28 city operations. Despite the seeming 29 of data gathering infrastructure, another option exists, considering the shift from desktop computing to mobile devices and tablets. Mobile technology has 30 dramatically in the past decade to the point where a lightweight smartphone may gather all kinds of data, such as its location, local temperature and background noise levels. Furthermore, in the near future, additional 31 are easily imagined, where sensors will be able to detect chemical pollution, local lighting conditions, vibration levels, and more. This will enable a new era where citizens are able to participate in city management, where the very data required to improve city operations is in part 32 provided by its citizens via smartphone apps. It also raises complex 33 issues that must be dealt with as we face this new era, but similarly provides opportunities for the citizens to play an active role in the improvement of their 34 , not only in the reporting of critical environmental and transportation data, but in taking an active role in solving the problems they have encountered. It will be a cooperative and informed effort, with information technology enabling social transformation, to 35 the growing challenges facing our cities in the coming decades. 21．A．reason B．potential C．hope D．occasion 22．A．upgrading B．enlarging C．altering D．employing 23．A．systems B．applications C．devices D．guides 24．A．weathered B．generated C．adored D．existed 25．A．sources B．users C．overseers D．means 26．A．city living B．urban planning C．traffic flow D．basic facilities 27．A．Therefore B．Besides C．However D．Thus 28．A．guide B．apply C．advise D．order 29．A．specialty B．need C．decrease D．lack 30．A．decreased B．reformed C．advanced D．increased 31．A．talents B．capabilities C．qualities D．performances 32．A．accidentally B．surprisingly C．willingly D．determinedly 33．A．confidential B．efficiency C．biological D．social 34．A．community B．performance C．unity D．recreation 35．A．overlook B．increase C．predict D．address Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) For many years, scientists thought humans first learned to make fire only about 50,000 years ago. But a groundbreaking discovery in England suggests this skill is far older — pushing the earliest evidence back by 350,000 years. The new evidence comes from Barnham, an archaeological site in England. Researchers found a patch of unusually red soil, a sign of repeated heating. Tests confirmed that the soil had been heated to 400-750℃, and this was not caused by any natural fire in the area. Excavations (挖掘) also found four stone hand axes broken by fire. But the strongest evidence was two tiny pieces of iron pyrite (黄铁矿). This stone can produce sparks when struck by another stone, like flint. Iron pyrite is not naturally found within 10 miles of the Barnham site, which means ancient people must have brought it there to start fires. While researchers did not find scars on the stones from the fire-sparking process, this is still the oldest proof of human fire-making intentionally — about 400,000 years old. The findings challenge long-held theories. “Before this, I would have said people didn’t make fire then,” says Amy Clark, an archaeologist from Harvard University. Other researchers also find the discovery exciting. “The evidence for fire is really solid,” says Gilliane Monnier. “It’s a very rare find.” However, some experts urge caution. No human remains have been found at Barnham, so it is unclear who made the fire. Dennis Sandgathe, another scientist, notes this skill may have been discovered and forgotten many times over thousands of years. He points out that scientists have dug up many other sites from the same time period, but none contained iron pyrite — the smoking gun of the new research. “If making fire was widespread back then,” he says, “we would have found this stone in other places, too.” 36．What does the Barnham discovery suggest about fire-making? A．It relied mainly on natural fires. B．It was widespread 50,000 years ago. C．It began much earlier than believed. D．It was commonly seen at ancient sites. 37．Why are the iron pyrite pieces considered important evidence? A．They can burn for a long time. B．They are native to the Barnham area. C．They indicate clear marks of being struck. D．They show early humans made fire on purpose. 38．What does the underlined phrase “smoking gun” in paragraph 5 mean? A．A theory with weak support. B．A tool used for hunting animals. C．A common stone for making tools. D．A key piece of evidence for human fire-making. 39．What is the author’s attitude to the research? A．Objective. B．Supportive. C．Cautious. D．Doubtful. (B) What’s UP? Here, let’s take a look at some excellent book review s for this month. Dead Good Detectives Jenny McLachlan This is the story of a 12-year-old girl called Sid who loves playing horror games with her friends. But when she accidentally releases the ancient ghost pirate, Bones, Sid is launched into an adventure! However, there is someone hiding in the shadows, intended to send Bones back into the mysterious inn that he came from. This is a funny, exciting book that I would recommend to people who love lots of laughs. Totty Shirley Galligan To find his home, Totty the turtle goes on an impressive adventure with the help of his friends, and has different obstacles to overcome. He wakes up with a plastic bag stuck around his neck, swims through an oil spill and gets caught in a fishing net. My favourite part was when his friend, the whale, helped him out of the garbage mountain, and he was rescued by the Sea Turtle Rescue Centre. If you like sea animals and care for the environment then this is a good book for you! Fact Book of The Month: Aliens Joalda Morancy Ever wondered what incredible creatures might live beyond our planet? This mind- blowing book teaches you everything about the search for alien lifeforms in our solar system and beyond. Meet the robots sent to Mars to look for Martians, find out how to spot an advanced alien civilization and discover what really goes on at Area 51! Do alien s exist? And is it only a matter of time before we find them?! 40．Whose book will be recommended to someone who likes humorous stories? A．Jenny McLachlan’s. B．Shirley Galligan’s. C．Joalda Morancy’s. D．J. K. Rowling’s. 41．Readers of Totty are expected to ___________. A．possess the ability of vivid imagination. B．get known various kinds of sea creatures. C．develop interest in lifeforms beyond the earth. D．reflect on human’s impact on marine life. 42．In which column may we find this text? A．Science and research. B．Education and learning. C．Environment and ecology. D．Literature and art. (C) Outgoing personality traits are often associated with top corporate roles, but new research suggests businesses miss out when they fail to find and promote executives with more understated styles. Harvard Business School researcher Francesca Gino has found that introverts can play a crucial role in leading teams. She and her collaborators asked bosses to rate how extroverted they considered themselves and then studied how their teams worked. They found that extroverts were more dominant, drove conversations and were less receptive to new ideas. Introverts, on the other hand, listened to ideas, internalized them and were able to improve team performance. Gino said that introverts demonstrate superior performance when they are leading a team of proactive workers. It seems it's easier for extroverts to climb the corporate ladder, she noted. A 2009 study conducted by researchers found that 60 percent of top level executives displayed high levels of extroversion. But introverts clearly have something to offer, Gino said, citing examples of successful introverted leaders, such as Amazon's Jeff Bezos and Bill Gates. Extroverts feel more energized by social interactions whereas introverts are more energized by solitud — but this isn't necessarily linked to how shy or good at, say, public speaking, someone is, says Nancy Ancowitz, a business communication coach and author of Selfpromotion for Introverts: The Quiet Guide to Getting Ahead. Introverts can use simple cues to make sure their value is not overlooked, Ancowitz said. "Sometimes it's raising a finger, leaning forward, saying someone' s name — any of those cues can work. The important part is you need to be heard, you need to make your contributions known, otherwise you can get passed up for the raises and other people get the credit for your hard work.” Some·leadership traits might come a little bit more naturally to extroverts, according to Jennifer Kahnweiler, an executive coach. Kahnweiler, who defines introverts as low-key thinkers who are energized by solitude and prefer in-depth conversation to casual chatter, interviewed introverted executives who successfully climbed the corporate ranks. These leaders had learned to put careful thought into their social presentation at work and to manage expectations so that bosses and co-workers could see the up-side of their personal work style. The executives she studied had a hyperawareness about how they were viewed and managed it to their benefit. According to Gino of Harvard Business School, one of the key takeaways from her research is that anyone can learn to practice effective leadership. She found that regardless of their personality type, when pushed to try different styles, people were able to learn the positive leadership characteristics of both introverts and extroverts. 43．Unlike an extrovert, an introverted leader performs best when . A．he is engaged in meaningful conversations B．the workers he leads often take the initiatives C．he improves on the new ideas proposed by workers D．he becomes a collaborator to his boss and workers 44．Introverted leaders make their presence felt by . A．overcoming shyness in public speaking B．working hard and contributing to shared goals C．sending out verbal or nonverbal signals D．getting credit for what they have done 45．Like the extroverts, introverted leaders . A．tend to be low-key but efficient thinkers. B．know how to conduct conversation with workers. C．expect their workers and bosses to respect them. D．try to manage how other people look at them. 46．The new research mainly tells us that . A．introverts can also become great corporate leaders B．introverts should follow the examples of extroverts C．introverts should change their leadership styles D．the best leaders combine the styles of introverts and extroverts Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Do animals have feelings? People often assign feelings to animals. That zoo polar bear’s vacant stare must mean he’s sad. The uh-oh expression a dog flashes after knocking over the garbage indicates shame. But scientists haven’t determined whether these human-like expressions really mean anything. After all, it’s very difficult to read a dog’s mind. Scientists believe that certain brain cells in humans called spindle cells (棱形细胞) are responsible for human social behavior and the interplay between thoughts and feelings. Studies have revealed that chimpanzee, dolphin and whale brains also possess spindle cells. 47 Even animals that don’t have spindle cells, such as dogs, have shown behaviors that can suggest a human-like social sense. 48 Scientists report that this shows dogs are sensitive to human social cues and are able to correctly interpret them. Still, this only proves that dogs know how to find food, not that they have feelings. Observations of apes have also revealed behavior that appears to represent various human-like desires. In some tests, chimpanzees demonstrate what looks like altruism (利他主义) helping their own kind and even other species without the expectation of a reward. 49 In a recent study, a Barnard College researcher tested dogs to see if their guilty looks were linked to actual bad behavior. Dogs were tempted with a treat and told by their owners not to eat it. The dog’s owners weren’t allowed to see whether their pets had eaten the treat or not, but were told either that they did or that they didn’t, and were then instructed to scold the dogs that disobeyed. The experimenters noted that scolded dogs showed a guilty look whether or not they had actually done wrong. 50 A guilty look suggests a feeling of guilt in a human but not necessarily in a dog, according to the Barnard research. Similarly, even apparent empathy (共情) behavior might not actually mean these feelings are present in the brains of animals. A．Although these are all animals that can act people-like, the presence of these cells does not mean that the animals have feelings. B．Anyone who claims to know what animals feel doesn’t have science on their side. C．In recent experiments, dogs have shown that they know to follow a human’s pointed finger to find a food treat. D．Many people think that empathy is a special emotion only humans show. E．Other experiments have cast doubt that animal behavior can reliably signify an underlying feeling. F．This illustrates the difficulty in accurately interpreting animal behavior as a marker of human-like feelings. IV.Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Food Shortage Crisis There is no doubt that a global food shortage crisis currently exists. With the prices of staple grains such as wheat, rice, and corn rising from year to year, more people continue to go hungry. In order to prevent this problem from growing any worse and potentially ruining economies around the world, it is crucial that sound solutions are sought and implemented. According to experts, one solution is for scientists to develop new tools to increase crop production. Researchers around the world are studying ways to improve crops and farming techniques. Two such pieces that are making important discoveries are the International Rice Research Institute in the Philippines and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center in Mexico. Scientists there are growing staple crops that are more pest-resistant and weed-resistant. The new and improved crops are also more nutrient-rich and yield higher quantities. Helping farmers safeguard against bad weather conditions is another possible solution to the global food shortage crisis. Unprepared farmers and unpredictable weather have proven to be a recipe for disaster. For example, droughts in Australia have left hundreds of farms bare and even more people without food. A farm pond to store rainwater is one preventative method scientists have developed to fight against the threat of droughts. Governments and farmers aren’t the only groups that must work towards a solution to the global food shortage crisis. Consumers also bear the responsibility of helping decrease shortage. One very simple thing that all consumers can do is purchase and eat less meat. Cows, chickens, and pigs are all fed with feed made from corn and other important grains. The large amount of food that is used to feed them could easily be redirected for human consumption if the demand for such meats decreased. There is no doubt that the global food shortage problem needs to be addressed immediately. The only way to prevent further worldwide hunger and malnutrition is for all parties to work together towards a solution. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．可供选择的住宿条件从经济旅馆至豪华宾馆不等。(range) _______________________________________________________________________________ 53．趁着油价还没涨，我爸爸半夜里去加油站排队加满油。(line) _______________________________________________________________ 54．这个社区服务俱乐部以组织各种志愿活动为特色，为其成员提供了权衡每个想法利弊的机会。(feature) ___________________________________________________________________ 55．这门课程更注重拓展学生的想象力，而不是传授书本知识，简直是给这群思维活跃的孩子们量身定制的。(not as …as…) _____________________________________________ VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in about 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高二学生李华。你的英国笔友 Chris 对中国的名胜古迹和自然风光等具有鲜明中国特色的元素都很感兴趣，来信询问你印象最深刻的一个地方。请你给他回信，内容须包括： 1）说明这个地方为什么让你印象深刻； 2）简述这个地方的特色（自然景观、历史文化等）； 3）描述你在那里的一次具体经历过程中的真实内心感受。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $