专题1 (1)第1讲 细节理解题—定位信息巧比对-【红对勾讲与练】2026年高考英语二轮复习讲义

第二部分 微观层面蓄势赋能 (一)讲透题型有准度 考情》分析■ 试卷 考试 主题 篇章 篇目 体裁 文章话题 名称 年份 语境 词数 A 说明文 人与自然 碳排放及应对措施 318 全国 心 记叙文 人与自我 教学认知突破之旅 295 一卷 2025 议论文 人与社会 城市规划Vs生活空间诉求 317 D 说明文 人与自然 微塑料污染及应对方法 317 应用文 人与社会 栖息地修复队志愿者招募 206 兽医用针灸、按摩等 B 记叙文 人与自然 290 2024 疗法医治动物 C 议论文 人与社会纸质阅读与数字阅读的优劣 333 新课标 D 说明文 人与社会 生物采样的偏差 354 I卷 A 应用文 人与社会 自行车租赁和游览 201 B 记叙文 人与自然 生态设计 328 2023 O 说明文 人与自我 数字极简生活方式 314 D 议论文 人与社会 群体智慧效应 335 应用文 人与社会 四个英国集镇 265 B 记叙文 人与社会 开设在儿童医院里的学校 303 全国 2025 二卷 室内绿植对情绪和思 C 说明文 人与自然 261 维方式的积极影响 说明文 人与社会 餐厅实验 328 A 应用文 人与自然 四种徒步活动 288 B 记叙文 人与社会 阅读亭 269 2024 说明文 人与社会提供新鲜食材的BMF公司 264 评述《人工智能设计： D 书评 人与社会 318 新课标 与人工智能共生的计划》 Ⅱ卷 A 应用文 人与自然 护林员体验项目介绍 247 B 新闻报道 人与社会 学校菜园项目 273 2023 说明文 人与社会 书籍介绍 320 说明文 人与自然 人类与大自然互动 316 008 2树勾讲与练·高三二轮英语 曇 一 一 一 N n 寸 n n [命题规律] 1.文本语境复杂化，题材专业化 “四选一”阅读，特别是阅读C篇和D篇，一般以社科类说明文和科普类说明文为主，难度较大。 近几年的试题文本注入了更多考生不熟悉的新话题、新理念，涉及心理学、哲学、生物科技等专业性更 强的素材，信息理解难度增加。 2.课标高难词汇、派生词汇和熟词生义频现，阅读难度陡增 阅读文本及选项中越来越多地出现平时使用频度较低的词汇，以及通过构词法合成或派生而来的 新词、熟词生义、课标外拓展词等，大大增加了语篇阅读的难度。 3.聚焦长难句，凸显考查深层理解能力 高考“四选一”阅读中经常出现长难句，长难句的结构相对复杂，这会对考生理解句意造成一定困 难。常见的长难句可以概括为“三长两短一并列”。“三长”指的是常见的三种修饰成分：介词短语、非 谓语动词（短语）和从句：“两短”指的是形容词和副词；“一并列”指的是利用一些起并列作用的词，如 and、or、as well as、along with等，将句子变长、变复杂。除此之外，同位语、插入语、强调句、倒装句、省 略句以及从句的嵌套也会加大句意理解的难度。 题型》攻略 阅读理解的四类题型 细节理解题 推理判断题 词句猜测题 主旨大意题 详读文章寻细节 忠实原文深推理 字斟句酌猜词义 速读文章寻主题 在阅读文章的同时，从 通过语篇逻辑关系，研 结合已有的常识和经 运用略读、扫读和跳读 中获取某些特定的直 究细节的暗示，推敲作 验，根据上下文提供的 等技巧快速阅读，浏览 接信息或理解特定信 者的态度，理解文章的 信息，顺藤摸瓜，寻求 标题、开头和结尾等部 息的意义，学会抓文章 寓意，从而对整篇文章 词句在特定语境中要 分，搜寻关键词和主题 中的关键词句。 进行推理和判断。 表达的具体含义。 句，掌握文章大意。 第一讲 细节理解题— 定位信息巧比对 名师支招》高效备考 考点揭秘 设问方式 选项特征 考查文中与主题语境相关的事实常用who,what, when,正确选项特征：同义替换、信息归纳、正话反说。 信息。考查理解文本与查找文中where,why和how进行干扰项特征：张冠李戴、无中生有、曲解文意、颠 具体信息的能力。 提问。 倒是非、正误参半、以偏概全。 考点1直接信息题一关键词定位法 在解答直接信息题时，考生可以采取“关键词定位法”，即“带着问题找答案”的方法，通过定位找题眼。 [典题呈现](2025·全国一卷阅读D节选) Crucially,this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (to trap the ②原文关键词=题干关键词 专题一 阅读理解 009 plastics.In the study,boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 关键句 90 percent drop in plastics.But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate,boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.Additionally,the research didn't include all types of plastics.The team focused only on three common types-polystyrene,polyethylene and polypropylene- and they didn't study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride. ③对比选项和关键句，得出答案 煮沸硬水（含300毫克碳酸钙）可减少近90%的微塑料，而煮沸低于60毫克碳酸钙含量的水捕获微塑料 的效果降低25%，水的硬度（即碳酸钙含量）直接决定去除微塑料的有效性：比对选项可知选 33.What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water? ①题干关键词 设问方向：影响水中微塑料捕获效果的因素 A.The hardness of water. B.The length of cooling time. C.The frequency of filtering. D.The type of plastic in water. 。方法归纳 句子主干：主谓宾、主系表等 确定题干关键词 特殊词块：专有名词、数词等 状语：时间、地点、原因、结果状语等 关键词定位法 解直接信息题 寻找原文关键词，确定关键句 对比选项和关键句，得出答案 考点2语义转换题—同义转换法 使用同义词或近义词甚至反义词对关键词、句进行同义转换，例如用ask对文中的require进行同 义转换，用less different对文中的more in common进行同义转换等。 [典题呈现](2025·全国一卷阅读A节选) This energy transition (is global,and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is "a ②原文关键词=题干关键词 little bit mind-blowing,says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.It's estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately,analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task."We need to speed up the 关键句 development of green energy and it will all get used"says Wipke. ②原文关键词=题干关键词 ③转换关键词，得出答案 根据画线句可知，Wipke建议加速绿色能源的开发与利用，即加大对可再生能源的投入。选项中Putting more effort into renewables是原文speed up the development of green energy的同义替换。故选 23.What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition? ①题干关键词 设问方向：Wipke对能源转型的建议 A.Limiting fuel consumption. B.Putting more effort into renewables. C.Improving energy efficiency. D.Making electricity more affordable. 010 红树勾讲与练·高三二轮英语 方法归纳，… 第一步 审清楚题目问的是什么，找到关键信息，再回到原文，采用略读或寻读的 根据题干信息，定位关键词 方法快速浏览文章，找到相关内容 第二步 语义转换，寻找同义词或近义词 通过语义的转换，在文章中寻找题干中关键词的同义词或近义词 第三步 选出答案 对比选项和原文，选出正确答案 考点3数字计算题一“加减乘除”法 此类试题要求考生对具体细节信息，尤其是时间、数量等数字信息进行加工，但此类试题重点不在 于计算，而在于考查考生对具体细节信息的处理能力，因此此类试题涉及的计算相对简单。 [典题呈现](2025·全国一卷阅读A节选) Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. ②原文关键词=题干关键词 SHIPPING OTHER ROAD VEHICLES 10.6% 2.2% ROAD (PASSENGER) ROAD(GOODS) 45:1% 294% AIRPLANES RAIL 关键信息 11.6% 1% 根据上图可知，ROAD VEHICLES包括ROAD(PASSENGER)和ROAD(GOODS)两部分，它们在2018年全 球交通二氧化碳排放中的占比分别是45.1%和29.4%，相加即为ROAD VEHICLES的比重74.5%。故选 21.What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018? ①题干关键词 设问方向：2018年，道路交通占全球交通排放的百分比 A.11.6%. B.45.1%. C.74.5%. D.86.1%. 方法归纳， 第一步 仔细阅读题干，抓取关键信息 审清楚题目问的是什么，抓取关键信息，再回到原文搜索对应句子 第二步 在文章对应位置细读原文中的具体信息，综合原文中多个信息点，全面思 综合考虑，计算数字 考后，计算得出答案 考点4归纳概括题一多细节整合法 为了增加细节理解题的难度，命题人有时候会采用较为概括的方式来进行命题，即一道试题中涉 及一段或者几段的某些内容，需要考生进行概括和归纳后才能得出答案。此类试题虽然各个细节信息 都能在文章中找到，但考生需要具备一定的概括和归纳能力才能正确作答。 专题一 阅读理解 011 [典题呈现](2024·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读A节选) Walk 1-The Natural World Walk Duration:6 hours- Walk 2-Introduction to Hillwalking ②原文关键词= 题千关键词 Walk Duration:5 hours- Walk 3-Moonlight Under the Stars Walk Duration:3 hours- -Walk 4-Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest Walk Duration:1.5 hours ③综合各个信息点，概括总结后可知，持续时间最短的是Walk4一Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest,时长 为1.5小时。故选 21.Which walk takes the shortest time? ①题干关键词 设问方向：徒步活动的时长 A.The Natural World. B.Introduction to Hillwalking. C.Moonlight Under the Stars. D.Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest. 方法归纳，… 第一步 仔细阅读题干，抓取关键信息 审清楚题目问的是什么，抓取关键信息，再回到原文搜索对应句子 第二步 根据关键信息，定位文章具体内容 在文章对应位置细读原文中的具体信息，甄别所有信息点，不遗漏内容 第三步 概括总结，得出答案 综合原文中多个信息点，概括总结后得出答案 学以致用》能力生成 (限时：15分钟) handled Netflix.Being a movie lover,Mom was (2025·安微滁州二模) astonished by the number of films that Netflix has For her 85th birthday,I gave my mother an on offer.One Saturday she called because she was iPad.Though she'd never used a computer,she having trouble logging onto Netflix.She was sure showed a keen interest in the device because she that she had entered the correct user's name and knew people who had one,and she believed that if password,but without any luck.I suggested the she didn't keep up with technology,she'd one day version might be too old."They probably have find herself in a computerized kitchen,unable to fewer people working as it's a long weekend,she open a can of soup. told me. Then she began her journey of exploring the Now,we FaceTime and Zoom every day.She digital world.Mom is a reader,so I downloaded reads e-books,amazed that she can check them out the library app and signed her up for an e-card.She in the middle of the night.She watches TV series regularly downloaded e-books herself.When they and even knows about the most recent hit. were not immediately available,she put them on However,she is still unable to surf the Internet hold and usually forgot about them later.Next.we smoothly-whenever she wants to browse the news 0122团勾讲与练·高三二轮英语 sector online,she might touch the pop-up ads and B.Few people worked on the weekend. sidebars by accident,thus ending up on strange C.She entered the wrong user's password. pages. D.Her iPad's operating system broke down. I can't wait for the day when we can sit down 3.What trouble does the author's mom encounter in person and surf the Internet together.In the when surfing the Internet? meantime,it's great to see how much her confidence A.It's hard to read e-books at night has grown.Yesterday,she FaceTimed me."I've B.She might be led to strange pages made a resolution,"she announced."I'm going to C.The sidebars fail to function properly. learn how to operate every piece of technology in D.There is nothing fun in the news sector. the apartment-including the TV remote. 4.What's the author's purpose in writing the 1.Why did the author's mom show a keen interest article? 高考新思维一推断写作目的 in an iPad? A.To suggest some apps an iPad offers to old A.Because she was a movie lover. people. B.Because everyone she knew had one. B.To share her mom's experiences of learning C.Because it was gifted by her daughter. technology. D.Because she didn't want to be left behind. C.To criticize technology for being unfriendly to 2.What might be the reason why the author's seniors. mother couldn't log onto Netflix? D.To show her approaches to teaching her mom A.The app needed to be updated. to use an iPad. 知识胶囊 ■■语料积累 单词积累·device n.电子设备 computerized adj.计算机化的 available adj.可获取的version n.版本browse v.浏览 resolution n.决心 熟词生义·handle[熟义]y.处理（问题）[生义]（文义）v.操作（应用）log[熟义]v.正式记录[生义]（文义）v.登录 hit[熟义].打击[生义]（文义）m.热门作品 词块积累·show a keen interest表现出浓厚兴趣keep up with跟上（技术发展） 难句分析·[原句]第一段第二句。 [分析]这是一个复合句。从属连词though引导让步状语从句，从属连词because引导原因状语从句，关系代词who 引导定语从句：连接词hat引导宾语从句，从属连词f引导条件状语从句。 [翻译]尽管她从未用过电脑，却对这个设备表现出强烈兴趣，因为她认识一些拥有Pd的人，并且相信如果跟不上 技术发展，终有一天她会发现自己置身于智能厨房中，连一罐汤都打不开 B Governor Huckabee Sanders believes schools (外刊时文原创题) must act to help students focus on academics rather In August,students at John L.Colbert Middle than being distracted by texts and social media."I School in Fayetteville,Arkansas,began their don't think it's ever been harder to be a kid than it school year under a new rule:cellphones must is right now,"she said,citing the pressures and remain in backpacks throughout the day.This influences children face.While most parents policy is part of Arkansas Governor Huckabee recognize the importance of this issue,some are Sanders'pilot program,aiming to create "phone- divided when it comes to separating children from free"schools to improve students'mental health their phones."It's a double-edged sword,"said and reduce screen addiction.Funded with $7 parent Candace Sheppard. million in state money,the program provides Nearly a dozen states have already banned schools with phone storage solutions like phone smartphone use in schools.Huckabee Sanders, storage pouches or lock mechanisms. inspired by Jonathan Haidt's book The Anxious 专题一 阅读理解 013 Generation,is pushing for similar regulations statewide.Haidt,a New York University professor,argues that early smartphone use has harmed children's mental health,leading to increased anxiety,depression,and fragility.He attributes this trend to the rise of smartphones after 2012,which brought social media pressures into children's lives. Haidt recommends delaying smartphone use until high school and restricting social media access until age 16,while encouraging outdoor play with minimal adult supervision."We've got to give kids back a childhood worth having,Haidt said. “Worth remembering.”Huckabee Sanders has distributed Haidt's book to lawmakers and governors nationwide and is traveling across Arkansas to promote phone-free schools.Early results are promising:some schools reported a 50% drop in major disciplinary incidents,often linked to social media or texting. Huckabee Sanders is encouraged by these outcomes,believing the policy benefits schools, children,and the learning process."Knowing that we can help address the mental health crisis is one of the biggest takeaways,"she said. 5.What is the main purpose of Arkansas Governor Huckabee Sanders'pilot program? A.To promote outdoor activities for children. B.To improve students'mental well-being and focus. 知识胶囊 单词积累·distractv.分心supervisionn.监督 熟词生义·pilot[熟义]n.飞行员[生义]（文义）ad.试点的 构词积累·①派生词：storage n.储存disciplinary ad.纪律的 ②合成类：phone--free adj.无手机的double-edged a 词块积累·throughout the day一整天；一天到晚 难句分析·[原句]第二段第三句。 [分析]这是一个复合句。while引导让步状语从句。 comes to.是固定句型，意为“当涉及…时；在… [翻译]尽管大多数家长认识到这个问题的重要性，但 014红网勾讲与练·高三二轮英语 C.To encourage students to use social media more responsibly. D.To help students develop better social skills by using phones less. 6.Why does Governor Huckabee Sanders think it's difficult to be a kid nowadays? A.Because they have less access to technology. B.Because parents and teachers are stricter with them. C.Because they have to face a lot of academic pressure. D.Because social media brings them pressures and influences. 7.What evidence is provided to support the effectiveness of the phone-free policy? A.A notable decrease in serious disciplinary incidents. B.Improved relationships between students and teachers. C.A huge rise in student participation in outdoor activities. D.A significant improvement in students'academic performance. 8.What's the attitude of Governor Huckabee Sanders toward the pilot program? 高考新思维一观点态度题 A.Doubtful but willing to experiment. B.Indifferent due to lack of significant results. C.Concerned about potential legal challenges. D.Contented and committed to broader application. ■■语料积累 d.双刃的takeaway n.关键收获 主句本身也是个复合句，其中when引导时间状语从句。when it 方面”。 在让孩子远离手机这一点上，一些家长的意见存在分歧。 学习至此》请完成专题强化训练①专题一阅读理解 第一部分 宏观层面厚植素养 第一讲树立4种意识， 提升解题思维 [自主解答] 35.B28.C 26.A29.D 25.A 第二讲精用“同义替换”， 快攻正确选项 [典题呈现]29.livable a decent place to live A [典题呈现2]31.not totally out of date outdated/ancient A [典题呈现3]27.ridership rider D 第三讲巧妙“化繁为简”， 速拆长难句式 第一招 让步状语 表语 第二招 时间状语 第三招 表语 定语 后置定语 第四招 宾语 定语 第二部分 微观层面蓄势赋能 (一)讲透题型有准度 第一讲细节理解题 定位信息巧比对 考点1 [典题呈现]33.A 考点2 [典题呈现]23.B 考点3 [典题呈现]21.C 考点4 [典题呈现]21.D 》学以致用·能力生成《 A 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文 章主要讲述了作者的妈妈学习使用iPad 的经历。 l.D细节理解题。根据第一段“Though she'd never used a computer...unable to open a can of soup.”可知，作者的妈妈 对Pad表现出浓厚的兴趣是因为她不 想被时代落下。故选D。 2.A细节理解题。根据第二段“Isug gested the version might be too old.”可 知，作者的妈妈不能登录Netflix的原 因是应用程序需要更新。故选A。 讲义手册 3.B细节理解题。根据第三段“Howev er,she is still unable...thus ending up on strange pages..”可知，作者的妈妈在上 网时遇到的问题是她可能会被引导到 奇怪的页面。故选B。 4.B推理判断题。根据第一段“For her 85th birthday,I gave my mother an Pad.”以及文章主要讲述了作者的妈 妈学习使用Pad的经历可知，作者写 这篇文章的目的是分享她妈妈学习技 术的经历。故选B。 B 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。 阿肯色州推行“无手机校园”计划，旨在 改善学生心理健康，减少屏幕依赖，初步 成效显著。 5.B推理判断题。根据文章第一段中 "This policy is part of Arkansas Gover- nor Huckabee Sanders'pilot program, aiming to create phone-free'schools to improve students'mental health and re- duce screen addiction.”以及第二段中 "Governor Huckabee Sanders believes schools must act to help students focus on academics rather than being distracted by texts and social media.”可知，阿肯 色州州长Huckabee Sanders的试点项 目的主要目的是创建“无手机”学校， 以改善学生的心理健康状况，减少屏 幕成瘾问题，并帮助学生专注于学业。 故选B。 6.D推理判断题。由文章第二段中 “‘Idon't think it''s ever been harder to be a kid than it is right now,she said. citing the pressures and influences chil- dren face..”以及结合上文提到手机和 社交媒体会分散学生注意力可知， Huckabee Sanders州长认为现在做孩 子难是因为社交媒体给他们带来了压 力和影响。故选D。 7.A细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二 段“Early results are promising:some schools reported a 50%drop in major disciplinary incidents,often linked to so- cial media or texting.”可知，一些学校 报告称与社交媒体或发短信相关的重 大纪律事件下降了50%，这是支持“无 手机”政策有效性的证据。选项A“严 重纪律事件显著减少”与原文“drop in major disciplinary incidents"完全对应， 其他选项无原文依据。故选A。 8.D推理判断题。从文章第四段 "Huckabee Sanders has distributed Haidt's book to lawmakers and gover- nors nationwide and is traveling across Arkansas to promote phone-free schools." 以及最后一段的内容可以看出，Huck abee Sanders州长相信该政策对学校、 孩子和学习过程都有好处，并且她向 全国的立法者和州长分发了Haidt的 书，还在阿肯色州各地推广“无手机” 学校。选项D“满意并致力于更广泛 的应用”符合她的态度。故选D。 第二讲推理判断题 据文推理细筛选 考点1 [典题呈现]30.B 考点2 [典题呈现]24.A 考点3 [典题呈现]31.B 考点4 [典题呈现]28.A 考点5 [典题呈现]35.D 考点6 [典题呈现]27.B 考点7 [典题呈现]32.C 考点8 [典题呈现]35.C 考点9 [典题呈现]26.B 》学以致用·能力生成《 A 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文 章主要讲述了绿色空间对预防非传染性 疾病的益处及未来趋势。 1.B推理判断题。根据第一段“Ifcr rent global trends are correct...represen- ting around 74 percent of all deaths glob- ally.”可知，作者在第一段列数字是为 了表明非传染性疾病正在成为一个杀 手。故选B。 2.D推理判断题。根据第二段“Fortu nately,a number of recent studies...and mental health.”以及第三段中“What is it about green spaces...all reasons..”可 知，通过在公园散步可以避免非传染 性疾病。故选D。 3.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 “Once in our blood.…positive health out- comes..”可知，当我们吸入一种气味 时，它的分子会与生化途径相互作用。 故选B。 4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中 "Urban planners...the critical system of a healthy city..”可知，作者会同意城市 规划者应该建造更多的城市公园和花 园。故选C。 参考答案 305