Unit6 Living with nature 语法讲义-宾语从句（二）2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级下册

本讲义聚焦初中英语疑问词引导的宾语从句核心知识点，系统梳理复习（陈述句用that、一般疑问句用if/whether引导）与新授（特殊疑问句用疑问代词/副词引导）的知识脉络，以“引导词、语序、时态”三注意及“疑问词+不定式”简化规则为学习支架。 该资料以教材原句导入，联系自然主题情境提升语言理解与表达能力（语言能力），通过对比whether特殊用法、分析引导词选择逻辑培养思维品质，分层设计填空、单选等练习并附答案解析，助力学生自主学习（学习能力），课中便于教师系统授课，课后可帮助学生回顾强化、查漏补缺。

U6 Living with nature语法讲义—宾语从句（二） · 教材原句 I didn't know how popular the paintings would become. 我从未料到这些画作会如此受欢迎。 They help people understand why nature works this way. 它们帮助人们理解大自然为何如此运作。 · 语法要点 第一个句子中，动词know后面接了一个由how引导的从句作宾语;第二个句子中，动词understand后面接了一个由why引导的从句作宾语。两个句子都包含由疑问词引导的宾语从句。 · 语法讲解 · 宾语从句三注意： ， ， 1. 引导词 复习： （一）从句是__________时，用________引导，that无词义，只起连接作用，一般可省略。 Eg：I’m glad that you come to my home. He says, “I can finish my homework.” He says ___________________________ （二）从句是__________时，用___________引导，表“是否”。 Eg：1) He asks me, “Do you like watching TV?” He asks me ___________________________ 2) “Is it raining outside?” Could you tell me ________________________? · 以下情况只能用whether a) Let me know ________ he will come or not. She doesn’t say ________ she will come or not. b) We are thinking about _______we can finish the work on time. Our success depends on ________ we work hard. c) ________ he will come, I can’t say. ________ it rains or snows, I don’t care. d) He hasn’t decided __________ to visit the old man. 新授：（三）从句是__________时，连接词为原来的特殊疑问词。 1) “Why are you late for school today?” Can you tell me ___________________________? 2) “What does he say?” I don’t know _________________. 3) “Where can I buy some fruit?” Do you know _______________________________? 引导词 意义 引导词 意义 疑问代词：_________________________________ _________ 什么（指物） 疑问副词：________________________ ___________ _________ 地点 _________ 哪一个（指物） _________ 时间 _________ 谁（人的主格） _________ 原因 _________ 谁（人的宾格） _________ 方式 【总结】注意1. 特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，特殊疑问词有意义，不可省略。 注意2. 连接代词和连接副词的确定由所缺成分和语意决定。 【练一练】用正确的特殊疑问词填空 1. Your hat is so nice. Could you please tell me _________ you bought it? --Of course. I bought it at Lily’s. 2. I don’t know ___________ he left. I guess it was about 7:00 a.m. yesterday. 3. We can use Wechat to talk with each other on the Internet. --Really? Will you please show me ___________ I can use it? 4. I can’t tell you __________ broke the vase. 5. Do you know ___________one is the correct answer? 6. We should find out ___________we lost the game and learn from it. 2. 语序 宾语从句中，从句部分要用 语序，即 Eg：1) “How many people are there in the room?” The teacher asks us ________________________________? 2) “How can I get to the bus stop?” Could you tell me ______________________________? 【练一练】将下列的句子合并为特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 1. Where is the new store? (I don’t know…) _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. When did she arrive at Beijing? (Could you please tell me…) _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. Which film are they talking about? (Do you know?) _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. Why were you late for school? (Can you tell us…) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【注意！】当What’s wrong / What ’s the matter/ What’s up 作宾语从句，句子的主语是特殊疑问词，语序不变。 3. 时态 口诀： ， ， Eg: 1) “When will he come back?” I don’t know ______________________. 2) “Have you seen the film before?” Lucy asked me __________________________. 3)”The earth goes around the sun.” The teacher said _________________________. 【练一练】 填空 1. Can you tell me why you __________________ (not come) yesterday? 2.Do you know what they ___________________ (do) this time yesterday? 3. He told me where he ___________________ (go) the next day. 4. We didn’t find out who _______________ (lose) the wallet. 5. He explained why the light __________________ (travel) much faster than the sound to us. 4. 宾语从句的简化 当含有疑问词的宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know, learn, remember, forget, ask，tell等时，宾语从句可简化为“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构。 Eg：She doesn’t know what she should do next. She doesn’t know ____________________. Eg: Could you tell me how I can get to the zoo? Could you tell me _____________________? · 语法专练 一、用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 1. I know that he _____________ (live) in Beijing now. 2. He said he ______________ (watch) TV at that time. 3. She says she __________ (go) to the park every weekend. 4. We believe they __________ (come) to our party tomorrow. 5. He said that light __________ (travel) faster than sound. 6. She told me she___________ (visit) the Great Wall last year. 7. They said they _____________ (have) a meeting the next day. 8. The scientist told us that the sun__________ (rise) in the east. 二、选适当的引导词填空 who what when why how Tom Sawyer is the main character in one of Mark Twain’s most popular novels. He is a funny and brave boy. Children are interested in ________ happens to him. Especially, they are curious about __________ he often gets into trouble and __________ he manages to get out of it. Adults enjoy Mark Twain’s language and writing style. They can also travel back in time and get a picture of American life of that time. Readers always wonder_________Tom is in real life and _________he will stop getting into trouble. 3、 单选 ( ) 1. I don’t understand _______ such a silly question in class yesterday. A. why did John ask B. why John asked C. why is John asking D. why John asks ( ) 2. Did the radio say ________? ---Yes. From Hunan. A. how the bad rice came B. where the bad rice came from C. how did the bad rice came D. where did the bad rice come from ( ) 3. I can’t decide ________ on vacation. Any advice? ---What about Hainan? It’s warm in winter. A. where I will go B. when I will go C. where will I go D. when will I go ( ) 4. What did your father say? ---He asked us _________________. A. how to fix up the bicycles B. why we fix up the bicycles C. that we fix up the bicycles D. where did we fix up the bicycles ( ) 5. Do you know ________ the meeting? ---Tomorrow morning, A. when they had B. when they are going to have C. when did they have D. where they are going to have ( ) 6. ---What a beautiful spaceship model! Could you tell me ________ ？ ---I'm sorry，I don't remember the exact cost. A. where you bought it B. where did you buy it C. how much you paid for it D. how much did you pay for it ( ) 7. ---AI is developing fast. I want to know ________ ？ --- I think it'll take the place of many jobs. A. how AI will change our lives B. how AI changes our lives C. how did AI change our lives D. how will AI change our lives ( ) 8. ---What did he ask? ---He asked ________ . A. who will Tony see B. why Tony was sad C. where Tony will go D. when Tony finishes his homework ( ) 9. ---Next Sunday is my grandmother's birthday. I'm thinking about ________ . ---Good boy! And please give my best wishes to her. A. what present I gave her B. how I can give her a surprise C. if I had a party for her D. where will my family have a big meal ( ) 10. ---I don't know ________ . ---His daughter is ill and he needs to go to the hospital now. A. why he left in such a hurry B. why did he leave in such a hurry C. how he left the office building D. how did he leave the office building U6 Living with nature语法讲义—宾语从句（二） 答案 · 语法讲解 · 宾语从句三注意： 时态 ， 语序 ， 引导词 1. 引导词 复习： （一）从句是_陈述句__时，用__that_引导，that无词义，只起连接作用，一般可省略。 Eg：I’m glad that you come to my home. He says, “I can finish my homework.” He says _that he can finish his homework_____ （二）从句是__一般疑问句_时，用_If/whether__引导，表“是否”。 Eg：1) He asks me, “Do you like watching TV?” He asks me _if/whether I like watching TV_____ 2) “Is it raining outside?” Could you tell me __if/whether it is raining outside____? · 以下情况只能用whether a) 与or not 连用时 Let me know _whether_ he will come or not. She doesn’t say __whether_ she will come or not. b) 介词后 We are thinking about _whether_we can finish the work on time. Our success depends on _whether_ we work hard. c) 句首时 _whether__ he will come, I can’t say. _whether_ it rains or snows, I don’t care. d) 与不定式连用 He hasn’t decided __whether__ to visit the old man. 新授：（三）从句是_特殊疑问句_时，连接词为原来的特殊疑问词。 1) “Why are you late for school today?” Can you tell me _why you are late for school today__ 2) “What does he say?” I don’t know __what he says__. 3) “Where can I buy some fruit?” Do you know __where I can buy some fruit___ 引导词 意义 引导词 意义 疑问代词：__充当主，宾，表，定等________________________ __what_ 什么（指物） 疑问副词：__作状语_______________ ___________ __where__ 地点 __Which_ 哪一个（指物） __when_ 时间 ___Who__ 谁（人的主格） ___why_ 原因 __whom__ 谁（人的宾格） ___how_ 方式 【总结】注意1. 特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，特殊疑问词有意义，不可省略。 注意2. 连接代词和连接副词的确定由所缺成分和语意决定。 【练一练】用正确的特殊疑问词填空 1. Your hat is so nice. Could you please tell me __where_ you bought it? --Of course. I bought it at Lily’s. 2. I don’t know ___when___ he left. I guess it was about 7:00 a.m. yesterday. 3. We can use Wechat to talk with each other on the Internet. --Really? Will you please show me ___how___ I can use it? 4. I can’t tell you ___who___ broke the vase. 5. Do you know ___which__one is the correct answer? 6. We should find out __why__we lost the game and learn from it. 2. 语序 宾语从句中，从句部分要用 陈述句 语序，即 引导词+主语+谓语+其他 Eg：1) “How many people are there in the room?” The teacher asks us __how many people there are in the room___? 2) “How can I get to the bus stop?” Could you tell me __how I can get to the bus stop___? 【练一练】将下列的句子合并为特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 1. Where is the new store? (I don’t know…) ___I don’t know_where the new store is.____________ 2. When did she arrive at Beijing? (Could you please tell me…) ___Could you please tell me_when she arrived at Beijing____________________ 3. Which film are they talking about? (Do you know?) ____Do you know_which film_they are talking about________ 4. Why were you late for school? (Can you tell us…) ____Can you tell us__why you were late for school__________ 【注意！】当What’s wrong / What ’s the matter/ What’s up 作宾语从句，句子的主语是特殊疑问词，语序不变。 3. 时态 口诀： 主现从随意 ， 主过从过去 客观真理永不变 ， 从用一般现在时 Eg: 1) “When will he come back?” I don’t know _when he will come back____. 2) “Have you seen the film before?” Lucy asked me _if/whether I had seen the film before__. 3)”The earth goes around the sun.” The teacher said _that the earth goes around the sun__. 【练一练】 填空 1. Can you tell me why you ___didn't come___ (not come) yesterday? 2.Do you know what they ___did_________ (do) this time yesterday? 3. He told me where he __would go____ (go) the next day. 4. We didn’t find out who __lost___ (lose) the wallet. 5. He explained why the light __travels____ (travel) much faster than the sound to us. 4. 宾语从句的简化 当含有疑问词的宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know, learn, remember, forget, ask，tell等时，宾语从句可简化为“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构。 Eg：She doesn’t know what she should do next. She doesn’t know __what to do next____. Eg: Could you tell me how I can get to the zoo? Could you tell me _how to get to the zoo____? · 语法专练 一、用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 1. I know that he __is living__ (live) in Beijing now. 2. He said he ___was watching__ (watch) TV at that time. 3. She says she __goes___ (go) to the park every weekend. 4. We believe they __will come__ (come) to our party tomorrow. 5. He said that light __travels__ (travel) faster than sound. 6. She told me she__visited__ (visit) the Great Wall last year. 7. They said they _would have__ (have) a meeting the next day. 8. The scientist told us that the sun___rises__ (rise) in the east. 二、选适当的引导词填空 who what when why how Tom Sawyer is the main character in one of Mark Twain’s most popular novels. He is a funny and brave boy. Children are interested in __what__ happens to him. Especially, they are curious about ___why__ he often gets into trouble and ___how___ he manages to get out of it. Adults enjoy Mark Twain’s language and writing style. They can also travel back in time and get a picture of American life of that time. Readers always wonder__who___Tom is in real life and _when____he will stop getting into trouble. 4、 单选 ( B ) 1. I don’t understand _______ such a silly question in class yesterday. A. why did John ask B. why John asked C. why is John asking D. why John asks ( B ) 2. Did the radio say ________? ---Yes. From Hunan. A. how the bad rice came B. where the bad rice came from C. how did the bad rice came D. where did the bad rice come from ( A ) 3. I can’t decide ________ on vacation. Any advice? ---What about Hainan? It’s warm in winter. A. where I will go B. when I will go C. where will I go D. when will I go ( A ) 4. What did your father say? ---He asked us _________________. A. how to fix up the bicycles B. why we fix up the bicycles C. that we fix up the bicycles D. where did we fix up the bicycles ( B ) 5. Do you know ________ the meeting? ---Tomorrow morning, A. when they had B. when they are going to have C. when did they have D. where they are going to have ( C ) 6. ---What a beautiful spaceship model! Could you tell me ________ ？ ---I'm sorry，I don't remember the exact cost. A. where you bought it B. where did you buy it C. how much you paid for it D. how much did you pay for it ( A ) 7. ---AI is developing fast. I want to know ________ ？ --- I think it'll take the place of many jobs. A. how AI will change our lives B. how AI changes our lives C. how did AI change our lives D. how will AI change our lives ( B ) 8. ---What did he ask? ---He asked ________ . A. who will Tony see B. why Tony was sad C. where Tony will go D. when Tony finishes his homework ( B ) 9. ---Next Sunday is my grandmother's birthday. I'm thinking about ________ . ---Good boy! And please give my best wishes to her. A. what present I gave her B. how I can give her a surprise C. if I had a party for her D. where will my family have a big meal ( A ) 10. ---I don't know ________ . ---His daughter is ill and he needs to go to the hospital now. A. why he left in such a hurry B. why did he leave in such a hurry C. how he left the office building D. how did he leave the office building 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $