专题05 阅读理解应用文（期末真题汇编，上海专用）高二英语下学期

**基本信息** 汇编自上海华东师大二附中、复旦附中等名校期末试题，聚焦应用文阅读理解，涵盖人与社会（睡眠误区、跳房子游戏）、人与自我（医疗警报系统、咖啡机故障排除）、人与自然（火山类型、动物育儿）三大主题，情境真实且贴近生活。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|33题|含科学常识（如火山分类）、跨文化比较（如各国跳房子版本）、生活应用（如医疗警报系统选择）|采用表格/图片辅助阅读，如“Snoring Science”配图辨析题；设置事实与误区判断（如睡眠谣言），考查信息筛选与逻辑推理能力，贴合高考应用文阅读命题趋势。|

品学科网 主题01人与社会 1.B 2.D3.C 4.D 5.B 6.C 主题02人与自我 7.B 8.B9.A 10.B 11.A 12.C 主题03人与自然 13.D 14.B 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 主题01人与社会 www zxxk com 让教与学更高效 专题05阅读理解应用文 基础 必练 Passage 1 Passage 2 Passage 1 Passage 2 Passage 1 Passage 2 进阶 提升 1/2 命学科网 19.B20.C21.C 22.B23.C24.B 主题02人与自我— 25.D26.B27.C 28.D29.B30.A 主题03人与自然一 31.B32.C33.D www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 Passage 1 Passage 2 Passage 1 Passage 2 Passage 1 2/2 专题05 阅读理解应用文 主题01 人与社会—— Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学·期末） Fact or Myth? WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH ① Sleepwalking typically occurs during the non-rapid eye movement stage of sleep. Several factors can lead to walking while sleeping, including alcohol use, stress and even brain injury. However, there is a genetic explanation for sleepwalking. Studies have shown that children with one or both sleepwalking parents are 40 to 60 per cent more likely to sleepwalk themselves. As for the consequences of waking a sleepwalker, there is no evidence that it will hurt or harm him, but will likely cause disorientation and confusion. 61 LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNOREMORE ② Snoring, namely breathing noisily, is caused by airflow being restricted through the body’s airways during sleep. When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动)with every breath and can create a snoring sound. When you sleep on your side this tissue doesn’t move downwards, opening up the airways and reducing the volume of snoring. YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN ③ This common theory in question dates back to the early 1900s, when the philosopher and founder of American psychology William James suggested that we only use a small portion of our potential. In a 1907 paper titled The Energies of Men, James wrote: “We are making use of only a small part of our possible mental and physical resources.” It’s sustained by a book How to Win Friends and Influence People, where American writer Lowell Thomas wrote that “professor William James of Harvard used to say that the average person develops only ten per cent of his potential mental ability”. 1．Which section of a magazine does this passage probably belong to? A．Educational features. B．Medical science. C．Psychology forum. D．Classified ads. 2．Which of the following pictures best illustrates SNORING SCIENCE? A． B． C． D． 3．Which of the following best fits into the numbered blanks ①—②—③? A．MYTH—FACT—FACT B．FACT—MYTH—FACT C．MYTH—FACT—MYTH D．FACT—MYTH—MYTH 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍三个关于身体的传言并鉴定其真假。 1．推理判断题。由文章第一个方框中“WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH(叫醒梦游症对他们的健康有害)”；第二方框中“LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNOREMORE(仰卧会使你打鼾更多)”和第三个方框中“YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN(你只用了你大脑的10%)”可知，这些都是关于身体方面的一些知识，所以可能出现在报纸“医学”版块。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。由文章LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNOREMORE中“When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动)with every breath and can create a snoring sound. (当你仰卧时，重力会将气道周围的组织向下拉，使其变窄。当空气通过鼻子时，它会导致组织随着每次呼吸而振动，并产生打鼾的声音。)”并结合选项可知，D选项图片最好的描述了打鼾的原理。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。由第一方框“As for the consequences of waking a sleepwalker, there is no evidence that it will hurt or harm him, but will likely cause disorientation and confusion.(至于叫醒梦游者的后果，没有证据表明这会伤害或伤害他，但可能会导致定向障碍和混乱。)”可知，第一个传言“WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH(叫醒梦游者对他们的健康有害)”是不真实的事（MYTH）；由第二个方框“When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动)with every breath and can create a snoring sound. (当你仰卧时，重力会将气道周围的组织向下拉，使其变窄。当空气通过鼻子时，它会导致组织随着每次呼吸而振动，并产生打鼾的声音。)”可知，第二个传言“LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNOREMORE(仰卧会使你更容易打鼾)”是事实（FACT）；第三个方框中“However, the truth is that your brain is firing on all cylinders(气缸)and not limited to just ten percent of its power.(然而，事实是，你的大脑正在全速运转，而不仅仅局限于10%的能量。)”可知，第三个传言“YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN(你只使用了大脑的十分之一)”是不真实的事（MYTH）。故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·上海市复旦大学附属中学·期末） Hopping Around the World Hopscotch is a very old game. It usually uses a puck, such as a stone, and a pattern that players hop through. Here are different versions to play. Scotch-Hoppers Children in England and Scotland play this game with a stone or a coin. Throw the stone into Box 1. Hop over Box 1 and through the pattern. On the way back, hop into Box 1, pick up the stone, and hop out. Then, toss the puck into Box 2, and so on. If your stone enters the wrong box, start over! The first player to throw the stone into each box and hop through the whole pattern wins. Escargot Escargot is the French word for “snail.” For this game, the pattern looks like a snail. No puck is used. Players hop through the pattern on one foot. You may rest in the center on both feet. After resting, hop back through the pattern and out. If you finish the pattern without stepping on a line, write your name in a space. No other player may land in that space. At the end, the player who owns the most spaces wins. La Thunkuna Children play this game in Bolivia, a country in South America. The puck is a stone or the peel from an orange. Instead of writing a number in each square, players write each day of the week. Throw the puck into the first box. Hop over it into the second box. Next, kick the puck backwards and out of the pattern. Then, hop out. On your next turn, throw the puck into the next space, and so on. The first player to hop all the way through wins. Gat Fei Gei I n this Chinese version of hopscotch, the puck is a piece of roof tile. At the top is the pig’s head. Toss the puck into the pig’s head and hop through the pattern. When you reach boxes 7 and 8, spin around and pick up the puck from behind. If you hop through the pattern without making a mistake, pick a box and write your name in it. No one else can land in that box! The player who owns the most boxes wins. 4．What are the two common things used in hopscotch? A．Coin and pin. B．Box and chair. C．Snail and space. D．Puck and pattern. 5．Which of the following shows the difference of Escargot from other hopscotches? A．It needs more space. B．It doesn’t need a puck. C．It is a snail from France. D．It isn’t a pattern but a line. 6．What is the passage mainly talking about? A．The successful winners in the hopscotch. B．The history and development of hopscotch. C．The rules of different versions of hopscotch. D．The popularity of hopscotch all over the world. 【答案】4．D 5．B 6．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界各地不同版本的跳房子。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Hopscotch is a very old game. It usually uses a puck, such as a stone, and a pattern that players hop through(跳房子游戏是一种非常古老的游戏。它通常使用一个冰球，比如一块石头，以及一个让玩家跳跃的图案。)”可知，跳房子游戏中最常用的两种东西是冰球和图案。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据Scotch-Hoppers部分中的“Children in England and Scotland play this game with a stone or a coin. (英格兰和苏格兰的孩子们用石头或硬币玩这个游戏。)”，Escargot部分中的“No puck is used.(不使用冰球)”，La Thunkuna部分中的“The puck is a stone or the peel from an orange(冰球是一块石头或橙子皮)”和Gat Fei Gei部分中的“In this Chinese version of hopscotch, the puck is a piece of roof tile. (在这个中国版的跳房子游戏中，冰球是一块屋顶瓦片)”可知，Escargot 与其他跳房子的不同之处在于它不需要冰球。故选B。 6．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是标题“Hopping Around the World(世界各地的跳房子)”和第一段“Hopscotch is a very old game. It usually uses a puck, such as a stone, and a pattern that players hop through. Here are different versions to play.(跳房子游戏是一种非常古老的游戏。它通常使用一个冰球，比如一块石头，以及一个让玩家跳跃的图案。这里有不同的版本。)”可知，文章主要介绍了世界上不同版本跳房子游戏的规则。故选C。 主题02 人与自我—— Passage 1 （24-25高二下·上海市杨浦区·期末） Helping keep seniors safe and connected   ADT Medical Alert systems are built for every senior’s lifestyle, whether they stay close to home or like to venture out.   On-the-Go   Provides freedom and peace of mind while at home or miles from it.   - Mobile base unit   - No landline required   - Fall Detection (optional)   - GPS location capabilities   - Pendant options available   $39.99/mo: $41.99/mo   + Activation fee: $49.50   Medical Alert Plus   Extended in-home range grants independence to those who love to garden or relax in the yard.   - In-home operations   - No landline required   - Fall Detection (optional)   - Home temperature monitoring   - Pendant options available   $37.99/mo: $39.99/mo   + Activation fee: $49.50   Medical Alert Basic   Gives you or your loved ones the confidence needed to live alone and maintain independence when home.   - In-home operations   - Landline required   - Home temperature monitoring   $29.99/mo: $31.99/mo   + Activation fee: $49.50   STEP 1 You Press Button   Press the personal help button to send an emergency alert to ADT.   Fall Detection pendants can automatically send an alert if a fall occurs.   Fast, reliable 24/7 help in an emergency   When you need help quickly, ADT is there for you. We’ve got you covered with fast, reliable help in an emergency, so you can live with no worries.   STEP 2 We Respond   ADT’s monitoring professionals will communicate with you via two-way voice to determine what kind of help is needed.   STEP 3 You Get Help   At the push of a button, ADT’s monitoring professionals will alert your caregivers, loved ones or emergency responders based on your needs and preferences. 7．John’s 80-year-old father stays indoors mostly but gets 15 minutes of garden sunlight daily. Which system is most suitable for him? A．On-the-Go. B．Medical Alert Plus. C．Medical Alert Basic. D．Any of the above. 8．What are the standard activation and first-month fees for Medical Alert Basic? A．$49.50, $3.99. B．$49.50, $29.99. C．$90, $29.99. D．$90, $31.99. 9．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．ADT can receive automatic *alerts* (警报) from Fall Detection pendants. B．The monitoring professionals talk with seniors on the *landline* (固定电话). C．ADT systems only give care to seniors staying close to home. D．Seniors cannot choose whom to alert when an emergency occurs. 【答案】7．B 8．B 9．A 【来源】2024-2025学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文中详细介绍了ADT针对老年人的三款医疗警报系统，包括功能特点、价格、使用流程等，旨在向消费者推广产品。 7．细节理解题。根据Medical Alert Plus的描述“Extended in-home range grants independence to those who love to garden or relax in the yard.(扩展的室内范围为喜欢在花园或院子里放松的人提供独立保障。)”可知，John的父亲虽多数时间在室内，但每天需在花园活动，该系统的“庭院活动覆盖”特性最符合需求。故选B项。 8．细节理解题。根据Medical Alert Basic部分明确标注“$29.99/mo:$31.99/mo + Activation fee: $49.50(月费29.99美元起到31.99美元，激活费49.50美元)”可知，首月费用对应原价29.99美元起，激活费固定为49.50美元，与选项B一致。故选B项。 9．细节理解题。根据STEP 1中的描述“Fall Detection pendants can automatically send an alert if a fall occurs.(Fall Detection吊坠在跌倒时可自动发送警报。)”可推知，ADT可接收此类自动警报。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·上海市宝山区考·期末） Based on their geography, volcanoes have different appearances. We classify them as stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, and cinder cones. Let’s dive into the differences between these types of volcanoes. Stratovolcanoes are tall and cone-shaped (锥形的). Instead of flat shield volcanoes like in Hawaii, they have bigger peaks. They build up by layering lava(熔岩), ash, and etc. Examples of stratovolcanoes include: ·MOUNT FUJI: Mount Fuji is a dormant (inactive) stratovolcano that last erupted in the early 1700s. MOUNT TOBA: Mount Toba in Sumatra is 100 kilometers long and 30 kilometers wide is a caldera(喷火山口). When ash falls or lava flows, it solidifies and makes a narrower cone. If you travel along the Pacific Ring of Fire, these are mostly this type of volcano. The Pacific Ocean seafloor brings water causing eruptions from stratovolcanoes. Stratovolcanoes run through cycles with lots of small eruptions. Shield volcanoes earned their name because they’re shaped like a shield. Hawaiian volcanoes are typical shield volcanoes. If you go to Hawaii, they are broad and flat. These volcanoes can be hundreds of kilometers wide. Examples of shield volcanoes include: MAUNA LOA: Mauna Loa in Hawaii is the world’s largest active shield volcano. From its base below sea level to its summit, it’s also the tallest mountain in the world. ·FERNANDINA ISLAND: Fernandina Island is an active shield volcano in the Galapagos Islands. Shield volcanoes tend to erupt liquid lava. Violent explosions are possible. But they’re not as common for shield volcanoes. Because the lava has a low viscosity (more watery), it can flow on the surface better. When these types of volcanoes erupt, lava flows out large distances. Cinder cones are small in comparison to the other types of volcanoes. In fact, they’re only tens of hundreds of meters in size. But at the same time, they’re very steep typically with a bowl-shaped crater at the summit. Examples of cinder cones include: ·CERRO NEGRO: Cerro Negro is an active cinder cone in Nicaragua. It’s the youngest in Central America. ·PARICUTIN: The Paricutin volcano in Mexico is a cinder cone that suddenly erupted in a cornfield. Cinder cones form out of tephra, magma, and ash that it throws out. When cinder cones shoot out lava, it splits it up in the air and scatters. Eventually, it cools down and becomes part of its steep cone-like feature. 10．Which of the following statements is True based on the passage? A．MOUNT TOBA is an inactive volcano that erupted in the early 1700s. B．Shield volcanoes can be hundreds of kilometers wide and their lava flows out extensively. C．Though small in size, Cinder cones are the most active in frequency and the steepest. D．MAUNA LOA is the world’s highest mountain from the horizon to the mountaintop. 11．Which of the following best summarizes the introduction of each volcano? A．illustration-appearance-examples-features B．appearance-examples-formation-location C．illustration-features-examples-exceptions D．illustration–location–appearance–features 12．What is the purpose of writing this passage? A．To entertain those interested in geography with descriptions of volcanoes. B．To express general concern about eruptions of different types of volcanoes. C．To inform readers of the unique characteristics of different types of volcanoes. D．To educate students some basic information about disruptive effects of volcanoes. 【答案】10．B 11．A 12．C 【导语】本文主要介绍层状火山、盾状火山和火山渣锥的外观、实例及特征等内容。 10．细节理解题。根据Shield volcanoes中的第一段中的“These volcanoes can be hundreds of kilometers wide.(这些火山可能宽达数百公里)”以及最后一段中的“When these types of volcanoes erupt, lava flows out large distances. (当这类火山喷发时，熔岩会流出很远的距离。)”可知，盾状火山可能宽达数百公里，且其熔岩广泛流出。故选B项。 11．推理判断题。通读全文，以Stratovolcanoes为例可知，根据Stratovolcanoes部分中的“Stratovolcanoes are tall and cone-shaped (锥形的). Instead of flat shield volcanoes like in Hawaii, they have bigger peaks. They build up by layering lava(熔岩), ash, and etc.(层状火山呈高耸的锥形。不同于夏威夷的平坦盾状火山，它们拥有更庞大的山峰。这类火山通过熔岩、火山灰等物质的层层堆积形成。)”可知，此处介绍了层状火山的说明以及外观，结合下文中的“Examples of stratovolcanoes include(层状火山例子包括)”可知，下文举例说明层状火山；根据尾段中的“When ash falls or lava flows, it solidifies and makes a narrower cone. If you travel along the Pacific Ring of Fire, these are mostly this type of volcano. The Pacific Ocean seafloor brings water causing eruptions from stratovolcanoes. Stratovolcanoes run through cycles with lots of small eruptions.(当火山灰落下或熔岩流淌时，它们会凝固，形成更狭窄的火山锥。如果你沿着环太平洋火山带旅行，会发现那里的火山大多属于这种类型。太平洋海底（板块）携带的水分会引发层状火山的喷发。层状火山的活动周期中会经历多次小规模喷发。)”可知，此处介绍了层状火山的特征，阅读另外两种火山的内容可知，文章均是先对各类火山进行了说明（illustration），接着介绍其外观（appearance），然后列举实例（examples），最后说明特征（features）。故选A项。 12．推理判断题。根据第一段“Based on their geography, volcanoes have different appearances. We classify them as stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, and cinder cones. Let’s dive into the differences between these types of volcanoes.(根据地理位置，火山有不同的外观。我们将它们分为层状火山、盾状火山和火山渣锥。让我们深入了解这些类型火山之间的区别。)”可推知，写这篇文章的目的是告知读者不同类型火山的独特特征。故选C项。 主题03 人与自然—— Passage 1 （24-25高二下·上海市杨浦区·期末） 13．Why is there a personal checklist in the advertisement? A．To help readers self-check their degree of aging. B．To teach readers how to slow the natural aging process. C．To urge readers to take their own health issues more seriously. D．To make readers aware of how much the product can help them. 14．Which of the following is NOT the safety feature of a Safe Step Tub? A．Low step-in. B．Heated seat and back. C．Grab bars. D．Anti-slip tub floor. 15．If a customer calls 1-888-380-9164 today, he can ________. A．have a $1500 discount when he buys any bathroom fittings B．get $1500 back for the walk-in tub he bought last year C．save $1500 when buying a new Safe Step Walk-In Tub D．change the Walk-In Tub for a shower room for free 【答案】13．D 14．B 15．C 【来源】2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语调研卷 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要推广安全步行浴缸，介绍了产品的优点和好处，从而吸引潜在客户的注意并激发他们的购买欲望。 【详解】13．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，在广告中，个人清单的存在主要是为了强调用户可能面临的健康问题或不便，进而通过这些问题来突出安全步入式浴缸能够为用户带来的帮助和解决方案。这种方式能够直接让读者意识到产品的重要性和实用性，从而激发他们的购买欲望。故选D。 14．细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，选项B“Heated seat and back(加热座椅和靠背)”不是Safe Step Tub(安全步行浴缸)的安全特性。它更多地是一个舒适性或便利性的特性，而不是直接关联到浴缸的安全性能。而“Low step-in(低门槛进入)”、“Grab bars(扶手)”和“Anti-slip tub floor(防滑浴缸地板)”都是与安全直接相关的特性，旨在帮助用户更安全地使用浴缸。故选B。 15．细节理解题。根据文章中“Call today and receive exclusive savings of $1500 off plus a free shower package! Call 18883809164 with purchase of a new Safe Step Walk-In Tub.(今天致电，您将获得1500美元的独家优惠和免费淋浴套餐！致电18883809164购买一个新的安全步入式浴缸。)”可知，如果客户今天拨打该电话号码，他可以在购买新的Safe Step Walk-In Tub时节省1500美元。故选C。 主题01 人与社会—— Passage 1 （24-25高二下·上海市浦东新区·期末） It is conventionally known that a master's degree from Harvard Business School in the US is the key to a Fortune 500 job, while the same degree from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, US, means a possible career on Wall Street. The graduate school you go to somewhat decides your future. And a recent New York Times article reveals the correlation between MBA（Master of Business Administration）graduates at certain US schools and career prospects. To work at Amazon Ross School of Business（University of Michigan） Amazon regularly hires more MBAs from top 10 business schools than big Wall Street firms. And a large chunk of American employees are from Ross. Graduate Peter Faricy, vice president of Amazon Marketplace, says the reason behind this is that Ross' curriculum-related offerings, a problem-solving course for instance, are particularly well suited to Amazon. To work at McKinsey & Company Kellogg School of Management（Northwestern） For an MBA, landing a job at McKinsey is like trying to get into a competitive business school all over again. However, Kellogg graduates perform well in the fierce competition. The school's MBAs are in demand at elite（精英）consulting firms, which hired 35 percent of Kellogg graduates last year, a higher percentage than at Harvard（23 percent）and Stanford（16 percent）. To work at Apple Fuqua School of Business（Duke） Silicon Valley hasn't always welcomed MBAs. However, two of Apple's top 10 executives come from Fuqua. Apple has hired 32 Fuqua graduates over the past five years, and provided 42 internships for Duke students. To start your own company Harvard Business School The extensive resources Harvard has devoted to its entrepreneurial offerings in recent years are starting to show real results. By many accounts, it has surpassed Stanford as the top entrepreneurial hot-bed in the US. 16．Which school in the following offers students a course on various approaches to difficulties at work? A．Kellogg School of Management. B．Ross School of Business. C．Harvard Business School. D．Fuqua School of Business. 17．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．Consulting companies favor MBA students from Kellogg. B．Stanford produces the greatest number of business leaders. C．To work at Apple, MBA graduates have an advantage. D．Wall Street employs more MBAs from top 10 business schools than Amazon. 18．If you want to work in the area of hi-tech electronic products, you may choose to study in ________. A．Wharton School B．Kellogg School of Management C．Ross School of Business D．Fuqua School of Business 【答案】16．B 17．A 18．D 【分析】本文是一篇应用文。你毕业的学校在某种程度上决定了你的将来。文中介绍了几个世界大公司以及它们欢迎什么样的毕业生。 16．细节理解题。根据文中第三段“…Ross' curriculum-related offerings, a problem-solving course for instance, are particularly well suited to Amazon.（…例如，Ross的课程-相关产品，一个解决问题的课程，特别适合亚马逊。）”Ross School of Business开设的相关课程，都是解决实际问题的。可知B项符合语境。故选B。 17．细节理解题。根据文中第四段“Kellogg graduates perform well in the fierce competition”（从Kellogg毕业的学生在激烈的竞争中表现优秀）可知 A正确。根据文中第四段 “a higher percentage than at Harvard（23 percent）and Stanford（16 percent）.”（Kellogg毕业生的就业比率要比Harvard和Stanford都要高一些）。可知B错误。根据文中第五段 “Silicon Valley hasn't always welcomed MBAs.”（硅谷不总是欢迎MBAs ）可知C错误。根据文中第三段“Amazon regularly hires more MBAs from top 10 business schools than big Wall Street firms.（亚马逊从排名前十的商学院招聘的MBA通常比华尔街的大公司还要多。）”可知D错误。因此A正确。故选A。 18．推理判断题。根据题干“to work in the area of hi-tech electronic products”联系文中相对应信息To work at Apple可推断得知要去Fuqua School of Business学习。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·上海市建平中学·期末） How to Apply to a Chinese university in 2025 Planning to study abroad in China is easier than you may think. China has become more and more popular over the past years due to its great educational facilities, renowned science and technology degrees, and up to 30 top-ranked higher educational institutions. If you decided to study here, read below the easy steps for applying to a Chinese university. Choose universities and programmes Prior to the application, if you have clear ideas about the universities, locations, majors and (or) programmes to which you intend to apply. The International Services China website provides basic information on universities that you can apply to. Click “Apply Now” within the website to access the official website of the universities’ international students’ office for detailed application procedures. Prepare application documents Application documents vary with different universities, degrees, and programs. These include, but are not limited to: passport photo, graduation certificate, academic transcript from last graduated school, Chinese/ English language proficiency certificate (HSK (Chinese-proficiency test) score for Chinese-taught programmes, and IELTS for English-taught programmes), and recommendation letters from previous school teachers. 60Upon receiving your application documents, the Chinese institution will review your qualification and decide whether to accept you based on academic performance, language proficiency and other criteria. Admission decisions are typically made within four to eight weeks. Successful applicants receive an admission letter and Visa-application forms JW202/JW2011 for visa processing. Preparations before departure Apply for the Chinese student visa as soon as possible. Check with the Chinese embassy/ consulate in your area for details. Arrange a health insurance plan. You can get your insurance from your home country or purchase a health insurance card once you arrive in China. Admission requirements in China 19．Which of the following descriptions best fits into the blank? A．Prepare for admission tests B．Obtain admission results C．Transfer registration fees D．Wait for a scholarship approval 20．Which of the following statements is true according to the diagram? A．Students must complete a Bachelor’s degree in China before applying for a Master’s. B．Language courses in China are compulsory before starting a Bachelor’s degree. C．Employment is a possible outcome after completing any higher education degree in China. D．Secondary education must be completed in China to qualify for Bachelor’s studies. 21．The passage is primarily targeted at _______. A．university professors seeking research collaborations in China B．Chinese high school students preparing for the Gaokao exam C．international students who are planning to study in China D．parents of domestic Chinese students choosing a local university 【答案】19．B 20．C 21．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍2025年申请中国大学的步骤及相关注意事项。 19．主旨大意题。根据文中空白处后的“Upon receiving your application documents, the Chinese institution will review your qualification and decide whether to accept you based on academic performance, language proficiency and other criteria. Admission decisions are typically made within four to eight weeks. Successful applicants receive an admission letter and Visa-application forms JW202/JW2011 for visa processing. (收到申请材料后，中方机构将审核您的资质，并根据学业成绩、语言能力及其他标准决定是否录取。录取结果通常在 4 至 8 周内公布。通过审核的申请者将收到录取通知书及用于办理签证的 JW202/JW201 表格。)”可知，这部分讲述的是申请后获取录取结果的流程，因此空白处应填“Obtain admission results（获取录取结果）”。故选B项。 20．细节理解题。根据Admission requirements in China图表中“Possible outcomes”部分的“Employment”可知，在中国完成任何高等教育学位后，就业是一种可能的结果。故选C项。 21．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Planning to study abroad in China is easier than you may think.(计划来中国留学比你想象的要容易。)”以及第二段中的“If you decided to study here, read below the easy steps for applying to a Chinese university.(如果你决定来此求学，请阅读以下申请中国大学的简易步骤。)”和文中多次提到的“international students(国际学生)”、“visa processing(签证办理)”等信息可知，这篇文章主要针对计划来中国留学的国际学生。故选C项。 主题02 人与自我—— Passage 1 （24-25高二下·上海市海华东师范大学附属进华中学·期末） TROUBLESHOOTING For possible malfunctions as described below, please contact Customer Services at 1-800-2020-123. PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE SOLUTION The coffee is not hot. ·The cups were not preheated. Warm the cups by rinsing them with hot water（N.B．you can use the hot water function）. Coffee does not come out of the spouts. ·The spouts are blocked. Clean the spouts with a toothpick. The coffee does not come out of the spouts, but from around the service e door. ·The holes in the spouts are clogged with dry coffee dust. ·The coffee guide inside the service door is blocked and cannot swing. ·Clean the spouts with a toothpick, sponge or hard bristled kitchen brush. ·Thoroughly clean the coffee guide. particularly near the hinges. The frothed milk has large bubbles. ·The milk is not cold enough or is not semi-skimmed. ·You should ideally use skimmed or semi-skimmed milk at refrigerator temperature （about 5℃）. If the result is not as you wished, try changing brand of milk. The milk is not frothed（起泡）. ·Cappuccino maker is dirty. ·Clean as described in the section “Cleaning the cappuccino maker after use”. Steam delivery stops ·A safety device stops steam delivery after 3 minutes. ·Wait, then activate the steam function again. The appliance does not come on. ·It is not plugged into the mains socket. ·The main switch（A2） is not turned on. ·Plug into the mains socket. ·Place the main switch in the I position. 22．If the appliance doesn't work, which of the following may be the cause? A．It has been used for many years. B．It is not plugged into the socket. C．Its temperature is too high. D．Its spouts are blocked. 23．According to the table, which of the following is true? A．If coffee taste bitter, you may add some milk and sugar. B．If coffee is delivered too slowly, you may wait and activate the function again. C．If coffee doesn't come out of spouts, you may check them with a toothpick. D．If milk is not frothed, you may use semi-skimmed milk. 24．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A coffee bean package. B．A cappuccino coffee machine booklet. C．A cappuccino coffee machine advertisement. D．A coffee machine quality report. 【答案】22．B 23．C 24．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了咖啡机可能出现的故障、故障原因及解决办法。 22．细节理解题.根据表格中 “The appliance does not come on.(设备不启动)”对应的“POSSIBLE CAUSE(可能原因)”为“It is not plugged into the mains socket.(未插入电源插座)”以及“The main switch（A2） is not turned on.(主开关（A2）未打开)” 可知，如果设备不工作，原因可能是未插入插座。故选B。 23．细节理解题。根据表格中“Coffee does not come out of the spouts.(咖啡不从喷口流出)”对应的 “SOLUTION(解决办法)” 为 “Clean the spouts with a toothpick.(用牙签清洁喷口)”，所以如果咖啡不从喷口流出，可以用牙签检查清洁喷口。故选C。 24．推理判断题。文章围绕咖啡机可能出现的故障、原因及解决办法展开，所以最有可能出自卡布奇诺咖啡机手册。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·上海市静安区·期末） A new book by British photographer Jimmy Nelson tells the story of traditional Dutch communities through striking portraits featuring national costume and dramatic landscapes including the following places. Marken, Noord-Holland Marken, a former island just 20 km north-east of Amsterdam, was once separated from the mainland by water and has been connected since 1957. This historical isolation and its coastal location have significantly influenced its culture and traditions. The peninsula has more than 30 different traditional costumes — all handmade — including five stages of mourning dress, from darkest black through to purple. “The clothing of Marken is very subtle,” Nelson said. “For every festival and important life moment, they have a different style.” Zeeland Zeeland has barely changed in the last 100 years. Everything which makes the province what it is today, has to do with water. The sea is part of residents’ life and every day it is different. When the wind is from the southwest, the dunes (沙丘) cast dust over the village and the sand lies in the streets and in their gardens — a bit like snow. Sometimes the salty air from the sea, it’s on their windows and people can’t see outside because there’s a thick layer of salt on the glass. Friesland For this province of ice-skating fanatics, the colder the better. As the ice thickens, excitement mounts at the prospect of the legendary Elfstedentocht, a 200km ice skating race through 11 Frisian towns. Cold is the distinct feature of Friesland. There are numerous words for ice, explained Anke Bijlsma, whose northeast Friesland farm was photographed by Nelson. “There’s rough ice, dark ice — that’s the most beautiful one — snow ice, bubble ice…” The region’s extraordinary star-filled skies make it equally impressive at night. “There’s not a lot of light pollution and it’s amazingly dark,” said Bijlsma, who regularly takes a moment to absorb the incredible views. “When you see the horizon on the sea, every little or big problem in your head blows away. You can stare into nothing: only sea and sky.” 25．What is unique about the traditional costumes in Marken? A．They are all made of silk and come in bright colors. B．They are bold or attention-grabbing in their design. C．They are all made of wool and represent different seasons. D．They are carefully designed for different life events. 26．What is the main feature of Friesland, according to the passage? A．It is a hot and sunny region, perfect for outdoor activities. B．The cold and ice play a major role in its ice-skating culture. C．It is known for its incredible views of amazing light. D．People there always feel lost due to sea and sky. 27．Which of the following is true about all three places mentioned in the passage? A．They all have unique traditional clothing styles tied to important life events. B．They are known for their warm and sunny climates year-round. C．They are all greatly influenced by their relationship with the sea. D．They each have a large population of ice-skating enthusiasts. 【答案】25．D 26．B 27．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国摄影师吉米·尼尔森新书里关于荷兰传统社区的故事，讲述了马尔肯、泽兰和弗里斯兰三个地方受海洋影响的特色。 25．细节理解题。根据Marken, Noord Holland部分中“The peninsula has more than 30 different traditional costumes — all handmade — including five stages of mourning dress, from darkest black through to purple. ‘The clothing of Marken is very subtle,’ Nelson said. ‘For every festival and important life moment, they have a different style.’(这个半岛有30多种不同的传统服装——全是手工制作的——包括五个阶段的丧服，从最深的黑色到紫色。尼尔森说：“马尔肯的服装非常精致。对于每一个节日和重要的人生时刻，他们都有不同的款式。”)”可知，马尔肯的传统服装是为不同的生活事件精心设计的。故选D项。 26．细节理解题。根据Friesland部分中“For this province of ice skating fanatics, the colder the better. As the ice thickens, excitement mounts at the prospect of the legendary Elfstedentocht, a 200km ice skating race through 11 Frisian towns.(对于这个滑冰狂热者的省份来说，越冷越好。随着冰层变厚，人们对传奇的埃尔夫斯特登巡回赛的期待也越来越高，这是一场穿越弗里斯兰11个城镇的200公里滑冰比赛)”和“Cold is the distinct feature of Friesland. (寒冷是弗里斯兰的显著特征)”可知，寒冷和冰在其滑冰文化中起着重要作用。故选B项。 27．细节理解题。根据Marken, Noord Holland部分中“This historical isolation and its coastal location have significantly influenced its culture and traditions.(这种历史上的孤立和它的沿海位置显著影响了它的文化和传统)”，Zeeland部分中“Everything which makes the province what it is today, has to do with water. The sea is part of residents’ life and every day it is different. (造就这个省份如今面貌的一切都与水有关。大海是居民生活的一部分，而且每天都不一样)”和Friesland部分中“‘There’s not a lot of light pollution and it’s amazingly dark,’ said Bijlsma, who regularly takes a moment to absorb the incredible views. ‘When you see the horizon on the sea, every little or big problem in your head blows away. You can stare into nothing: only sea and sky.’(“这里几乎没有光污染，暗得出奇，”比尔斯玛说道。他常常会驻足片刻，沉浸在这令人惊叹的景色中。“当你凝望海天交界处时，脑海中所有大大小小的烦恼都会烟消云散。你可以放空自己，眼前唯有海天一色。”)”可知，这三个地方都靠近海洋，深受与海洋关系的影响，所以C项“They are all greatly influenced by their relationship with the sea.”是正确表述。故选C项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·上海市松江区·期末） Thank you for your interest in becoming a homeowner with Habitat. Habitat is committed to providing qualified households with the opportunity for affordable homeownership. We follow an equal policy of homebuyer selection and are accountable to mortgage (按揭贷款) lending laws. We manage the homeowner selection and approval process at the local level. Qualified homebuyers must be: In need of safe, affordable housingApplicants may be dealing with substandard housing that is poorly built, damaged, or inaccessible due to disabilities. Low-income or moderate-incomeHousehold income must not go over 60% of the area average income defined annually by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. Able and willing to pay an affordable mortgageHabitat ensures that the monthly mortgage payments do not go beyond 30% of the homebuyer’s monthly income. Willing to partner with HabitatOnce selected, homebuyers must partner with Habitat throughout the process. This partnership includes performing “sweat equity”, such as conducting construction work on their home or another family’s home, clearing build sites to make way for new construction, writing thank-you cards to local donors and so on. The following is an overview of the homeownership process： Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 1: ... Step 2: ... Step 3: ... Step 4: ... Step 5: Homebuyers complete the paperwork for a mortgage, which ends with their signature. Step 6: Once all of the forms are signed and all of the construction is complete, it’s time to move in and celebrate! 28．The main purpose of Habitat is to ______. A．apply for bank loans for those in need of home B．build houses with the help of future homeowners C．offer houses to families with low or moderate income D．enable affordable homeownership for specific families 29．What can be learned from the passage? A．Low-wage workers may have little chance of being selected by Habitat. B．Homebuyers can partner with Habitat by performing construction work. C．Those who want to improve living conditions should become Habitat’s partners. D．That monthly mortgage payment takes 25% of the area average income is acceptable. 30．What is the correct order of the four missing steps in the process? ① Local Habitat staff and volunteers carefully review each family’s application packet and present their recommendations to the local board of directors. ② There are information sessions where potential homeowners can learn about their homeownership program, ask questions and make connections. ③ Habitat staff make a home visit to hear more about a potential future homeowner’s desire to partner with Habitat. ④ If a family feels Habitat’s homeownership program is the right fit for them, they apply locally during an open application period. A．②④③① B．②①④③ C．①④③② D．①②④③ 【答案】28．D 29．B 30．A 【导语】文章主要介绍了Habitat为符合条件的家庭提供经济适用房所有权机会的相关内容。 28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Habitat is committed to providing qualified households with the opportunity for affordable homeownership. (Habitat致力于为符合条件的家庭提供负担得起的房屋所有权的机会。)”可知，其目的为符合条件的家庭提供经济适用房所有权的机会，故选D。 29．细节理解题。根据Willing to partner with Habitat中的“Once selected, homebuyers must partner with Habitat throughout the process. This partnership includes performing “sweat equity”, such as conducting construction work on their home or another family’s home, clearing build sites to make way for new construction, writing thank-you cards to local donors and so on. (一旦被选中，购房者必须在整个过程中和Habitat合作。这种伙伴关系包括执行“血汗权益”，例如在他们的家或另一个家庭的家里进行建筑工作，清理建筑工地为新建筑让路，给当地捐助者写感谢卡等等。)”可知，购房者可以通过进行建筑工作与Habitat合作，故选B。 30．细节理解题。根据图片可知首先应该是有信息发布会，让潜在购房者了解项目，所以②“有信息会议，潜在的房主可以了解他们的房屋所有权计划，提出问题并建立联系。”应为第一步；根据图片可知如果家庭觉得合适，就在开放申请期申请，所以④“如果一个家庭觉得Habitat的房屋所有权计划适合他们，他们可以在公开申请期间在当地申请。”应为第二步；根据图片可知接着Habitat工作人员会家访，所以③“Habitat的工作人员进行家访，以更多地了解潜在的未来房主与Habitat合作的愿望。”应是第三步；根据图片可知最后工作人员和志愿者审核申请并提交给董事会，所以①“当地Habitat的工作人员和志愿者仔细审查每个家庭的申请材料，并向当地董事会提交他们的建议。”应是第四步，故选A。 主题03 人与自然—— Passage 1 （24-25高二下·上海市虹口区·期末） Leave those kids alone How a few members of the animal kingdom handle the transition to adulthood African elephantsThese beautiful beasts come close to mimicking (模仿) teen rebellion. Kids spend a decade with their mothers in female-dominated groups. Ladies stay there, but adolescent boys leave mom. In their 20s, they often downsize to smaller male groups. OrangutansSlow metabolisms (新陈代谢) allow orangutans to survive food shortages — times when weather makes ripe fruit scarce. But energy efficiency comes at a cost; growth and maturation take time. Orangutan mamas nurse their young longer than any other wild creature does. OrcasKiller whales join their mother’s group for life. This forever-bond seems to increase a kid’s chance of survival; if mom dies, a young male (under 30) is three times more likely to die than a peer whose mother is alive. HumansWhy do we take so long to bake? Our big brains need up to 25 years to mature — a period that might make us more innovative. One study of teens and young adults found that youths outperformed their seniors in tasks requiring exploration and adaptation. Harp sealsA harp seal’s “childhood” lasts just 12 days. A kid’s sole purpose during that brief period is to gain a fifth of its birth weight every day. Once it grows from 25 to 80 pounds, it slides off the ice and takes on the sea. Wolf spidersEvery parent knows that tired toddlers love to hitch a piggyback ride. The wolf spider puts all her kids (40 or 50, on average) onto her back at once, carrying them until they are capable of fully functional spider-hood. But luckily she only has to carry them for a few days. 31．According to the passage, which of the following animals shoulder the biggest responsibility in nurturing their young? A．African elephants. B．Orcas. C．Harp seals. D．Wolf spiders. 32．Which of the following statements about orangutans is correct? A．Food is changed into energy rapidly in young orangutans’ body. B．Young orangutans are picky about food and only eat specific fruits. C．It takes a long time for young orangutans to become mature and strong. D．Young orangutans value brotherhood and do not follow their mothers’ instructions. 33．Where does this passage most probably appear? A． B． C． D． 【答案】31．B 32．C 33．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了六种动物的成长特点。 31．推理判断题。根据Orcas部分中“Killer whales join their mother’s group for life. This forever-bond seems to increase a kid’s chance of survival; if mom dies, a young male (under 30) is three times more likely to die than a peer whose mother is alive.(虎鲸会终生加入它们母亲的群体。这种永远的联系似乎增加了孩子的生存机会；如果母亲去世，30岁以下的年轻男性死亡的可能性是母亲还活着的同龄人的三倍)”可知，虎鲸与母亲有着终生的联系，母亲活着会增加30岁以下的年轻雌性的生存率，由此推知虎鲸在哺育幼崽方面承担着最大的责任。故选B。 32．细节理解题。根据Orangutans部分中“But energy efficiency comes at a cost; growth and maturation take time. Orangutan mamas nurse their young longer than any other wild creature does.(但提高能源效率是有代价的；成长和成熟需要时间。猩猩妈妈哺育幼崽的时间比其他任何野生动物都长)”可知，年轻的红毛猩猩需要很长时间才能变得成熟和强壮。故选C。 33．推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“How a few members of the animal kingdom handle the transition to adulthood(动物王国的一些成员是如何过渡到成年的)”可知，文章介绍了六种动物的成长特点，最可能出自有关“自然”的杂志中。故选D。 20 / 29 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解应用文 主题01 人与社会—— Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学·期末） Fact or Myth? WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH ① Sleepwalking typically occurs during the non-rapid eye movement stage of sleep. Several factors can lead to walking while sleeping, including alcohol use, stress and even brain injury. However, there is a genetic explanation for sleepwalking. Studies have shown that children with one or both sleepwalking parents are 40 to 60 per cent more likely to sleepwalk themselves. As for the consequences of waking a sleepwalker, there is no evidence that it will hurt or harm him, but will likely cause disorientation and confusion. 61 LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNOREMORE ② Snoring, namely breathing noisily, is caused by airflow being restricted through the body’s airways during sleep. When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动)with every breath and can create a snoring sound. When you sleep on your side this tissue doesn’t move downwards, opening up the airways and reducing the volume of snoring. YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN ③ This common theory in question dates back to the early 1900s, when the philosopher and founder of American psychology William James suggested that we only use a small portion of our potential. In a 1907 paper titled The Energies of Men, James wrote: “We are making use of only a small part of our possible mental and physical resources.” It’s sustained by a book How to Win Friends and Influence People, where American writer Lowell Thomas wrote that “professor William James of Harvard used to say that the average person develops only ten per cent of his potential mental ability”. 1．Which section of a magazine does this passage probably belong to? A．Educational features. B．Medical science. C．Psychology forum. D．Classified ads. 2．Which of the following pictures best illustrates SNORING SCIENCE? A． B． C． D． 3．Which of the following best fits into the numbered blanks ①—②—③? A．MYTH—FACT—FACT B．FACT—MYTH—FACT C．MYTH—FACT—MYTH D．FACT—MYTH—MYTH Passage 2 （24-25高二下·上海市复旦大学附属中学·期末） Hopping Around the World Hopscotch is a very old game. It usually uses a puck, such as a stone, and a pattern that players hop through. Here are different versions to play. Scotch-Hoppers Children in England and Scotland play this game with a stone or a coin. Throw the stone into Box 1. Hop over Box 1 and through the pattern. On the way back, hop into Box 1, pick up the stone, and hop out. Then, toss the puck into Box 2, and so on. If your stone enters the wrong box, start over! The first player to throw the stone into each box and hop through the whole pattern wins. Escargot Escargot is the French word for “snail.” For this game, the pattern looks like a snail. No puck is used. Players hop through the pattern on one foot. You may rest in the center on both feet. After resting, hop back through the pattern and out. If you finish the pattern without stepping on a line, write your name in a space. No other player may land in that space. At the end, the player who owns the most spaces wins. La Thunkuna Children play this game in Bolivia, a country in South America. The puck is a stone or the peel from an orange. Instead of writing a number in each square, players write each day of the week. Throw the puck into the first box. Hop over it into the second box. Next, kick the puck backwards and out of the pattern. Then, hop out. On your next turn, throw the puck into the next space, and so on. The first player to hop all the way through wins. Gat Fei Gei I n this Chinese version of hopscotch, the puck is a piece of roof tile. At the top is the pig’s head. Toss the puck into the pig’s head and hop through the pattern. When you reach boxes 7 and 8, spin around and pick up the puck from behind. If you hop through the pattern without making a mistake, pick a box and write your name in it. No one else can land in that box! The player who owns the most boxes wins. 4．What are the two common things used in hopscotch? A．Coin and pin. B．Box and chair. C．Snail and space. D．Puck and pattern. 5．Which of the following shows the difference of Escargot from other hopscotches? A．It needs more space. B．It doesn’t need a puck. C．It is a snail from France. D．It isn’t a pattern but a line. 6．What is the passage mainly talking about? A．The successful winners in the hopscotch. B．The history and development of hopscotch. C．The rules of different versions of hopscotch. D．The popularity of hopscotch all over the world. 主题02 人与自我—— Passage 1 （24-25高二下·上海市杨浦区·期末） Helping keep seniors safe and connected   ADT Medical Alert systems are built for every senior’s lifestyle, whether they stay close to home or like to venture out.   On-the-Go   Provides freedom and peace of mind while at home or miles from it.   - Mobile base unit   - No landline required   - Fall Detection (optional)   - GPS location capabilities   - Pendant options available   $39.99/mo: $41.99/mo   + Activation fee: $49.50   Medical Alert Plus   Extended in-home range grants independence to those who love to garden or relax in the yard.   - In-home operations   - No landline required   - Fall Detection (optional)   - Home temperature monitoring   - Pendant options available   $37.99/mo: $39.99/mo   + Activation fee: $49.50   Medical Alert Basic   Gives you or your loved ones the confidence needed to live alone and maintain independence when home.   - In-home operations   - Landline required   - Home temperature monitoring   $29.99/mo: $31.99/mo   + Activation fee: $49.50   STEP 1 You Press Button   Press the personal help button to send an emergency alert to ADT.   Fall Detection pendants can automatically send an alert if a fall occurs.   Fast, reliable 24/7 help in an emergency   When you need help quickly, ADT is there for you. We’ve got you covered with fast, reliable help in an emergency, so you can live with no worries.   STEP 2 We Respond   ADT’s monitoring professionals will communicate with you via two-way voice to determine what kind of help is needed.   STEP 3 You Get Help   At the push of a button, ADT’s monitoring professionals will alert your caregivers, loved ones or emergency responders based on your needs and preferences. 7．John’s 80-year-old father stays indoors mostly but gets 15 minutes of garden sunlight daily. Which system is most suitable for him? A．On-the-Go. B．Medical Alert Plus. C．Medical Alert Basic. D．Any of the above. 8．What are the standard activation and first-month fees for Medical Alert Basic? A．$49.50, $3.99. B．$49.50, $29.99. C．$90, $29.99. D．$90, $31.99. 9．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．ADT can receive automatic *alerts* (警报) from Fall Detection pendants. B．The monitoring professionals talk with seniors on the *landline* (固定电话). C．ADT systems only give care to seniors staying close to home. D．Seniors cannot choose whom to alert when an emergency occurs. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·上海市宝山区考·期末） Based on their geography, volcanoes have different appearances. We classify them as stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, and cinder cones. Let’s dive into the differences between these types of volcanoes. Stratovolcanoes are tall and cone-shaped (锥形的). Instead of flat shield volcanoes like in Hawaii, they have bigger peaks. They build up by layering lava(熔岩), ash, and etc. Examples of stratovolcanoes include: ·MOUNT FUJI: Mount Fuji is a dormant (inactive) stratovolcano that last erupted in the early 1700s. MOUNT TOBA: Mount Toba in Sumatra is 100 kilometers long and 30 kilometers wide is a caldera(喷火山口). When ash falls or lava flows, it solidifies and makes a narrower cone. If you travel along the Pacific Ring of Fire, these are mostly this type of volcano. The Pacific Ocean seafloor brings water causing eruptions from stratovolcanoes. Stratovolcanoes run through cycles with lots of small eruptions. Shield volcanoes earned their name because they’re shaped like a shield. Hawaiian volcanoes are typical shield volcanoes. If you go to Hawaii, they are broad and flat. These volcanoes can be hundreds of kilometers wide. Examples of shield volcanoes include: MAUNA LOA: Mauna Loa in Hawaii is the world’s largest active shield volcano. From its base below sea level to its summit, it’s also the tallest mountain in the world. ·FERNANDINA ISLAND: Fernandina Island is an active shield volcano in the Galapagos Islands. Shield volcanoes tend to erupt liquid lava. Violent explosions are possible. But they’re not as common for shield volcanoes. Because the lava has a low viscosity (more watery), it can flow on the surface better. When these types of volcanoes erupt, lava flows out large distances. Cinder cones are small in comparison to the other types of volcanoes. In fact, they’re only tens of hundreds of meters in size. But at the same time, they’re very steep typically with a bowl-shaped crater at the summit. Examples of cinder cones include: ·CERRO NEGRO: Cerro Negro is an active cinder cone in Nicaragua. It’s the youngest in Central America. ·PARICUTIN: The Paricutin volcano in Mexico is a cinder cone that suddenly erupted in a cornfield. Cinder cones form out of tephra, magma, and ash that it throws out. When cinder cones shoot out lava, it splits it up in the air and scatters. Eventually, it cools down and becomes part of its steep cone-like feature. 10．Which of the following statements is True based on the passage? A．MOUNT TOBA is an inactive volcano that erupted in the early 1700s. B．Shield volcanoes can be hundreds of kilometers wide and their lava flows out extensively. C．Though small in size, Cinder cones are the most active in frequency and the steepest. D．MAUNA LOA is the world’s highest mountain from the horizon to the mountaintop. 11．Which of the following best summarizes the introduction of each volcano? A．illustration-appearance-examples-features B．appearance-examples-formation-location C．illustration-features-examples-exceptions D．illustration–location–appearance–features 12．What is the purpose of writing this passage? A．To entertain those interested in geography with descriptions of volcanoes. B．To express general concern about eruptions of different types of volcanoes. C．To inform readers of the unique characteristics of different types of volcanoes. D．To educate students some basic information about disruptive effects of volcanoes. 主题03 人与自然—— Passage 1 （24-25高二下·上海市杨浦区·期末） 13．Why is there a personal checklist in the advertisement? A．To help readers self-check their degree of aging. B．To teach readers how to slow the natural aging process. C．To urge readers to take their own health issues more seriously. D．To make readers aware of how much the product can help them. 14．Which of the following is NOT the safety feature of a Safe Step Tub? A．Low step-in. B．Heated seat and back. C．Grab bars. D．Anti-slip tub floor. 15．If a customer calls 1-888-380-9164 today, he can ________. A．have a $1500 discount when he buys any bathroom fittings B．get $1500 back for the walk-in tub he bought last year C．save $1500 when buying a new Safe Step Walk-In Tub D．change the Walk-In Tub for a shower room for free 主题01 人与社会—— Passage 1 （24-25高二下·上海市浦东新区·期末） It is conventionally known that a master's degree from Harvard Business School in the US is the key to a Fortune 500 job, while the same degree from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, US, means a possible career on Wall Street. The graduate school you go to somewhat decides your future. And a recent New York Times article reveals the correlation between MBA（Master of Business Administration）graduates at certain US schools and career prospects. To work at Amazon Ross School of Business（University of Michigan） Amazon regularly hires more MBAs from top 10 business schools than big Wall Street firms. And a large chunk of American employees are from Ross. Graduate Peter Faricy, vice president of Amazon Marketplace, says the reason behind this is that Ross' curriculum-related offerings, a problem-solving course for instance, are particularly well suited to Amazon. To work at McKinsey & Company Kellogg School of Management（Northwestern） For an MBA, landing a job at McKinsey is like trying to get into a competitive business school all over again. However, Kellogg graduates perform well in the fierce competition. The school's MBAs are in demand at elite（精英）consulting firms, which hired 35 percent of Kellogg graduates last year, a higher percentage than at Harvard（23 percent）and Stanford（16 percent）. To work at Apple Fuqua School of Business（Duke） Silicon Valley hasn't always welcomed MBAs. However, two of Apple's top 10 executives come from Fuqua. Apple has hired 32 Fuqua graduates over the past five years, and provided 42 internships for Duke students. To start your own company Harvard Business School The extensive resources Harvard has devoted to its entrepreneurial offerings in recent years are starting to show real results. By many accounts, it has surpassed Stanford as the top entrepreneurial hot-bed in the US. 16．Which school in the following offers students a course on various approaches to difficulties at work? A．Kellogg School of Management. B．Ross School of Business. C．Harvard Business School. D．Fuqua School of Business. 17．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．Consulting companies favor MBA students from Kellogg. B．Stanford produces the greatest number of business leaders. C．To work at Apple, MBA graduates have an advantage. D．Wall Street employs more MBAs from top 10 business schools than Amazon. 18．If you want to work in the area of hi-tech electronic products, you may choose to study in ________. A．Wharton School B．Kellogg School of Management C．Ross School of Business D．Fuqua School of Business Passage 2 （24-25高二下·上海市建平中学·期末） How to Apply to a Chinese university in 2025 Planning to study abroad in China is easier than you may think. China has become more and more popular over the past years due to its great educational facilities, renowned science and technology degrees, and up to 30 top-ranked higher educational institutions. If you decided to study here, read below the easy steps for applying to a Chinese university. Choose universities and programmes Prior to the application, if you have clear ideas about the universities, locations, majors and (or) programmes to which you intend to apply. The International Services China website provides basic information on universities that you can apply to. Click “Apply Now” within the website to access the official website of the universities’ international students’ office for detailed application procedures. Prepare application documents Application documents vary with different universities, degrees, and programs. These include, but are not limited to: passport photo, graduation certificate, academic transcript from last graduated school, Chinese/ English language proficiency certificate (HSK (Chinese-proficiency test) score for Chinese-taught programmes, and IELTS for English-taught programmes), and recommendation letters from previous school teachers. 60Upon receiving your application documents, the Chinese institution will review your qualification and decide whether to accept you based on academic performance, language proficiency and other criteria. Admission decisions are typically made within four to eight weeks. Successful applicants receive an admission letter and Visa-application forms JW202/JW2011 for visa processing. Preparations before departure Apply for the Chinese student visa as soon as possible. Check with the Chinese embassy/ consulate in your area for details. Arrange a health insurance plan. You can get your insurance from your home country or purchase a health insurance card once you arrive in China. Admission requirements in China 19．Which of the following descriptions best fits into the blank? A．Prepare for admission tests B．Obtain admission results C．Transfer registration fees D．Wait for a scholarship approval 20．Which of the following statements is true according to the diagram? A．Students must complete a Bachelor’s degree in China before applying for a Master’s. B．Language courses in China are compulsory before starting a Bachelor’s degree. C．Employment is a possible outcome after completing any higher education degree in China. D．Secondary education must be completed in China to qualify for Bachelor’s studies. 21．The passage is primarily targeted at _______. A．university professors seeking research collaborations in China B．Chinese high school students preparing for the Gaokao exam C．international students who are planning to study in China D．parents of domestic Chinese students choosing a local university 主题02 人与自我—— Passage 1 （24-25高二下·上海市海华东师范大学附属进华中学·期末） TROUBLESHOOTING For possible malfunctions as described below, please contact Customer Services at 1-800-2020-123. PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE SOLUTION The coffee is not hot. ·The cups were not preheated. Warm the cups by rinsing them with hot water（N.B．you can use the hot water function）. Coffee does not come out of the spouts. ·The spouts are blocked. Clean the spouts with a toothpick. The coffee does not come out of the spouts, but from around the service e door. ·The holes in the spouts are clogged with dry coffee dust. ·The coffee guide inside the service door is blocked and cannot swing. ·Clean the spouts with a toothpick, sponge or hard bristled kitchen brush. ·Thoroughly clean the coffee guide. particularly near the hinges. The frothed milk has large bubbles. ·The milk is not cold enough or is not semi-skimmed. ·You should ideally use skimmed or semi-skimmed milk at refrigerator temperature （about 5℃）. If the result is not as you wished, try changing brand of milk. The milk is not frothed（起泡）. ·Cappuccino maker is dirty. ·Clean as described in the section “Cleaning the cappuccino maker after use”. Steam delivery stops ·A safety device stops steam delivery after 3 minutes. ·Wait, then activate the steam function again. The appliance does not come on. ·It is not plugged into the mains socket. ·The main switch（A2） is not turned on. ·Plug into the mains socket. ·Place the main switch in the I position. 22．If the appliance doesn't work, which of the following may be the cause? A．It has been used for many years. B．It is not plugged into the socket. C．Its temperature is too high. D．Its spouts are blocked. 23．According to the table, which of the following is true? A．If coffee taste bitter, you may add some milk and sugar. B．If coffee is delivered too slowly, you may wait and activate the function again. C．If coffee doesn't come out of spouts, you may check them with a toothpick. D．If milk is not frothed, you may use semi-skimmed milk. 24．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A coffee bean package. B．A cappuccino coffee machine booklet. C．A cappuccino coffee machine advertisement. D．A coffee machine quality report. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·上海市静安区·期末） A new book by British photographer Jimmy Nelson tells the story of traditional Dutch communities through striking portraits featuring national costume and dramatic landscapes including the following places. Marken, Noord-Holland Marken, a former island just 20 km north-east of Amsterdam, was once separated from the mainland by water and has been connected since 1957. This historical isolation and its coastal location have significantly influenced its culture and traditions. The peninsula has more than 30 different traditional costumes — all handmade — including five stages of mourning dress, from darkest black through to purple. “The clothing of Marken is very subtle,” Nelson said. “For every festival and important life moment, they have a different style.” Zeeland Zeeland has barely changed in the last 100 years. Everything which makes the province what it is today, has to do with water. The sea is part of residents’ life and every day it is different. When the wind is from the southwest, the dunes (沙丘) cast dust over the village and the sand lies in the streets and in their gardens — a bit like snow. Sometimes the salty air from the sea, it’s on their windows and people can’t see outside because there’s a thick layer of salt on the glass. Friesland For this province of ice-skating fanatics, the colder the better. As the ice thickens, excitement mounts at the prospect of the legendary Elfstedentocht, a 200km ice skating race through 11 Frisian towns. Cold is the distinct feature of Friesland. There are numerous words for ice, explained Anke Bijlsma, whose northeast Friesland farm was photographed by Nelson. “There’s rough ice, dark ice — that’s the most beautiful one — snow ice, bubble ice…” The region’s extraordinary star-filled skies make it equally impressive at night. “There’s not a lot of light pollution and it’s amazingly dark,” said Bijlsma, who regularly takes a moment to absorb the incredible views. “When you see the horizon on the sea, every little or big problem in your head blows away. You can stare into nothing: only sea and sky.” 25．What is unique about the traditional costumes in Marken? A．They are all made of silk and come in bright colors. B．They are bold or attention-grabbing in their design. C．They are all made of wool and represent different seasons. D．They are carefully designed for different life events. 26．What is the main feature of Friesland, according to the passage? A．It is a hot and sunny region, perfect for outdoor activities. B．The cold and ice play a major role in its ice-skating culture. C．It is known for its incredible views of amazing light. D．People there always feel lost due to sea and sky. 27．Which of the following is true about all three places mentioned in the passage? A．They all have unique traditional clothing styles tied to important life events. B．They are known for their warm and sunny climates year-round. C．They are all greatly influenced by their relationship with the sea. D．They each have a large population of ice-skating enthusiasts. Passage 3 （24-25高二下·上海市松江区·期末） Thank you for your interest in becoming a homeowner with Habitat. Habitat is committed to providing qualified households with the opportunity for affordable homeownership. We follow an equal policy of homebuyer selection and are accountable to mortgage (按揭贷款) lending laws. We manage the homeowner selection and approval process at the local level. Qualified homebuyers must be: In need of safe, affordable housingApplicants may be dealing with substandard housing that is poorly built, damaged, or inaccessible due to disabilities. Low-income or moderate-incomeHousehold income must not go over 60% of the area average income defined annually by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. Able and willing to pay an affordable mortgageHabitat ensures that the monthly mortgage payments do not go beyond 30% of the homebuyer’s monthly income. Willing to partner with HabitatOnce selected, homebuyers must partner with Habitat throughout the process. This partnership includes performing “sweat equity”, such as conducting construction work on their home or another family’s home, clearing build sites to make way for new construction, writing thank-you cards to local donors and so on. The following is an overview of the homeownership process： Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 1: ... Step 2: ... Step 3: ... Step 4: ... Step 5: Homebuyers complete the paperwork for a mortgage, which ends with their signature. Step 6: Once all of the forms are signed and all of the construction is complete, it’s time to move in and celebrate! 28．The main purpose of Habitat is to ______. A．apply for bank loans for those in need of home B．build houses with the help of future homeowners C．offer houses to families with low or moderate income D．enable affordable homeownership for specific families 29．What can be learned from the passage? A．Low-wage workers may have little chance of being selected by Habitat. B．Homebuyers can partner with Habitat by performing construction work. C．Those who want to improve living conditions should become Habitat’s partners. D．That monthly mortgage payment takes 25% of the area average income is acceptable. 30．What is the correct order of the four missing steps in the process? ① Local Habitat staff and volunteers carefully review each family’s application packet and present their recommendations to the local board of directors. ② There are information sessions where potential homeowners can learn about their homeownership program, ask questions and make connections. ③ Habitat staff make a home visit to hear more about a potential future homeowner’s desire to partner with Habitat. ④ If a family feels Habitat’s homeownership program is the right fit for them, they apply locally during an open application period. A．②④③① B．②①④③ C．①④③② D．①②④③ 主题03 人与自然—— Passage 1 （24-25高二下·上海市虹口区·期末） Leave those kids alone How a few members of the animal kingdom handle the transition to adulthood African elephantsThese beautiful beasts come close to mimicking (模仿) teen rebellion. Kids spend a decade with their mothers in female-dominated groups. Ladies stay there, but adolescent boys leave mom. In their 20s, they often downsize to smaller male groups. OrangutansSlow metabolisms (新陈代谢) allow orangutans to survive food shortages — times when weather makes ripe fruit scarce. But energy efficiency comes at a cost; growth and maturation take time. Orangutan mamas nurse their young longer than any other wild creature does. OrcasKiller whales join their mother’s group for life. This forever-bond seems to increase a kid’s chance of survival; if mom dies, a young male (under 30) is three times more likely to die than a peer whose mother is alive. HumansWhy do we take so long to bake? Our big brains need up to 25 years to mature — a period that might make us more innovative. One study of teens and young adults found that youths outperformed their seniors in tasks requiring exploration and adaptation. Harp sealsA harp seal’s “childhood” lasts just 12 days. A kid’s sole purpose during that brief period is to gain a fifth of its birth weight every day. Once it grows from 25 to 80 pounds, it slides off the ice and takes on the sea. Wolf spidersEvery parent knows that tired toddlers love to hitch a piggyback ride. The wolf spider puts all her kids (40 or 50, on average) onto her back at once, carrying them until they are capable of fully functional spider-hood. But luckily she only has to carry them for a few days. 31．According to the passage, which of the following animals shoulder the biggest responsibility in nurturing their young? A．African elephants. B．Orcas. C．Harp seals. D．Wolf spiders. 32．Which of the following statements about orangutans is correct? A．Food is changed into energy rapidly in young orangutans’ body. B．Young orangutans are picky about food and only eat specific fruits. C．It takes a long time for young orangutans to become mature and strong. D．Young orangutans value brotherhood and do not follow their mothers’ instructions. 33．Where does this passage most probably appear? A． B． C． D． 11 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $