Unit 8 课时1 Section A 1a-1d（分层作业）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

**基本信息** 本练习以“基础达标-能力提升-拓展培优-思维进阶”四层设计，构建从词汇句型到语篇应用的知识巩固路径，适配新授课分层教学需求，兼顾语言能力与思维品质培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础达标|核心词汇、短语及基础句型|通过单词短语默写、句型转换夯实语言基础，强化语言能力| |能力提升|语法应用与简单语篇|采用词形填空、补全对话，衔接课时语法点，提升语言运用能力| |拓展培优|综合语篇理解与信息提取|设计阅读理解、任务型阅读，融入志愿者主题语篇，培养思维品质| |思维进阶|真实情境与创新实践|以完形填空、创意项目（如社区帮助计划），渗透文化意识，发展学习能力|

Unit 8 Making a Difference 课时1 Section A 1a-1d分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 1. make a difference /meɪk ə ˈdɪfərəns/ 有（重要）作用 2. visitor /ˈvɪzɪtə(r)/ n. 参观者；来访者 3. elderly /ˈeldəli/ adj. 年纪较大的 4. organization /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 组织；团体 5. stadium /ˈsteɪdiəm/ n. 体育馆；运动场 6. provide /prəˈvaɪd/ v. 提供；给予 7. volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做 8. guide /ɡaɪd/ v. 引导；带领 n. 导游；指南 短语 1. clean up 打扫；清理 2. guide visitors 引导参观者 3. visit the elderly 看望老人 4. give directions 指路 5. plant trees 植树 6. sort waste 分类垃圾 7. a football organization 足球组织 8. an art museum organization 艺术博物馆组织 9. a beach clean-up organization 海滩清理组织 10. provide information 提供信息 11. pick up bottles and cans 捡起瓶子和罐子 12. care about 关心 13. it‘s everyone’s duty to do 做……是每个人的责任 14. use one‘s skills 运用某人的技能 15. look after 照顾；照料 句型 1. 询问志愿者经历 How long have you been a volunteer?你当志愿者多久了？ Have you been a volunteer with the organization for long?你在这个组织当志愿者很久了吗？ 2. 回答时长 I’ve been a volunteer since last year.我从去年起就当志愿者了。 I‘ve only been a guide here for two weeks.我在这里当向导只有两周。 I’ve been a volunteer for about seven years.我当志愿者大约七年了。 3. 描述志愿者工作内容 What do you do?你做什么工作？ I help the players and give directions.我帮助运动员并指路。 I clean up the stadium after matches too.比赛后我也打扫体育场。 I guide visitors through the museum and provide information about the paintings.我引导参观者参观博物馆并提供有关画作的信息。 I‘ve picked up three bags of bottles and cans since our team arrived this morning.从我们团队今天早上到达以来，我已经捡了三袋瓶瓶罐罐。 4. 表达责任感 I think it’s everyone‘s duty to look after it!我认为照顾它是每个人的责任！ That’s a good use of your skills!这是对你技能的良好运用！ You must really care about the beach.你一定真的很关心海滩 一、单词默写。 1. ____________ [meɪk ə ˈdɪfərəns] 有重要作用 2. ____________ [ˈvɪzɪtə(r)] n. 参观者 3. ____________ [ˈeldəli] adj. 年纪较大的 4. ____________ [ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn] n. 组织 5. ____________ [ˈsteɪdiəm] n. 体育馆 6. ____________ [prəˈvaɪd] v. 提供 7. ____________ [ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)] n. 志愿者 8. ____________ [ɡaɪd] v. 引导 【答案】make a difference; visitor; elderly; organization; stadium; provide; volunteer; guide 二、短语默写。 1. 打扫；清理 ____________________ 2. 引导参观者 ____________________ 3. 看望老人 ____________________ 4. 指路 ____________________ 5. 植树 ____________________ 6. 分类垃圾 ____________________ 7. 提供信息 ____________________ 8. 捡起瓶子和罐子 ____________________ 9. 关心 ____________________ 10. 照顾；照料 ____________________ 11. 运用某人的技能 ____________________ 【答案】1. clean up；2. guide visitors； 3. visit the elderly； 4. give directions； 5. plant trees； 6. sort waste 7. provide information； 8. pick up bottles and cans； 9. care about； 10. look after；11. use one‘s skills 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 你当志愿者多久了？ How long ______ you ______ a volunteer? 2. 我从去年起就当志愿者了。 I’ve been a volunteer ______ last year. 3. 我在这里当向导只有两周。 I‘ve ______ been a guide here ______ two weeks. 4. 我当志愿者大约七年了。 I’ve been a volunteer ______ about seven years. 5. 我帮助运动员并指路。 I help the ______ and give ______. 6. 比赛后我也打扫体育场。 I ______ ______ the stadium after matches too. 7. 我引导参观者参观博物馆并提供有关画作的信息。 I ______ visitors through the museum and ______ information about the paintings. 8. 从我们团队今天早上到达以来，我已经捡了三袋瓶瓶罐罐。 I‘ve ______ up three bags of ______ and cans since our team ______ this morning. 9. 这是对你技能的良好运用！ That’s a good ______ of your skills! 10. 你一定真的很关心海滩。 You must really ______ ______ the beach. 11. 我认为照顾它是每个人的责任！ I think it‘s ______ duty to ______ after it! 【答案】1. have; been； 2. since； 3. only; for； 4. for； 5. players; directions； 6. clean; up 7. guide; provide； 8. picked; bottles; arrived； 9. use； 10. care; about； 11. everyone’s; look 四、请根据所给的首字母写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1. How long have you been a v____________ at this organization? 2. I help the players and give d____________ to visitors. 3. I c____________ up the stadium after matches too. 4. I g____________ visitors through the museum and provide information. 5. I’ve p____________ up three bags of bottles and cans since this morning. 6. I think it‘s everyone’s d____________ to look after the beach. 7. That‘s a good u____________ of your skills! 8. You must really c____________ about the environment. 【答案】1. volunteer； 2. directions； 3. clean； 4. guide； 5. picked； 6. duty； 7. use； 8. care 五 、同义句转换。 1. I have been a volunteer since last year. → I have been a volunteer for ______ ______. 2. I’ve only been a guide here for two weeks. → I‘ve only been a guide here ______ two weeks ______. 3. I’ve picked up three bags of bottles and cans. → I have ______ three bags of bottles and cans. 4. I think it‘s everyone’s duty to look after the beach. → I think ______ should look after the beach. 5. That‘s a good use of your skills. → You ______ your skills well. 【答案】1. one; year； 2. since; ago； 3. collected； 4. everyone； 5. use 六 、补全对话。 （1）A: How long have you been a v____________? B: I’ve been a volunteer for about seven years. （2）A: What do you do at the football o____________? B: I help the players and give directions. （3）A: Do you c____________ up the stadium after matches? B: Yes, I clean it up after matches too. （4）A: How long have you been a g____________ at the museum? B: I‘ve only been a guide here for two weeks. （5） What have you p____________ up today? B: I’ve picked up three bags of bottles and cans. 【答案】1. volunteer； 2. organization； 3. clean； 4. guide；5. picked 七 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. How long ______ you ______ (be) a volunteer? 2. I ______ (be) a volunteer since last year. 3. I ______ only ______ (be) a guide here for two weeks. 4. I ______ (pick) up three bags of bottles and cans since this morning. 5. I think it‘s everyone’s duty ______ (look) after the beach. 6. That‘s a good ______ (use) of your skills. 7. You must really ______ (care) about the environment. 8. I ______ (clean) up the stadium after matches too. 【答案】1. have; been； 2. have been； 3. have; been； 4. have picked； 5. to look； 6. use； 7. care；8. clean 八、选词填空。 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。 volunteer     donate     support    offer     include require    remind     achieve     influence     expect Our community held a caring activity for disabled people last Sunday. It 1 a series of services such as free health checks, skill training courses and outdoor picnic plans. More than 50 local people signed up to 2 for this event. Before the activity, the organizers 3 all volunteers to learn basic sign language and communication skills, which helped them better understand the needs of disabled people. During the activity, volunteers 4 patient help to every participant. Some helped disabled friends move around the community, some taught them to make handcrafts, and others organized interesting games for children with intellectual disabilities. Many kind-hearted residents also 5 money and daily necessities to the families in need. My parents have always 6 my idea of taking part in such public welfare activities, so I joined the food preparation team with my classmates. The activity organizers also 7 us that we should respect the personal wishes of disabled people rather than impose our ideas on them. We didn’t 8 the activity to be so warmly welcomed at first. The smiles on everyone’s face showed that we had 9 our goal of building a more friendly community. This experience has a great 10 on me, and I decide to take part in more such activities in the future. 【答案】 1．included 2．volunteer 3．required 4．offered 5．donated 6．supported 7．reminded 8．expect 9．achieved 10．influence 【导语】本文介绍了社区为残疾人举办的关爱活动，包括服务内容、志愿者培训以及活动带来的积极影响。 【详解】1．句意：它包括一系列服务，如免费健康检查、技能培训课程和户外野餐计划。“It...a series of services”表示“它包括一系列服务”，描述过去发生的事情需用一般过去时，需选include表示“包括”，其过去式为included。 2．句意：超过50名当地人报名成为这次活动的志愿者。“signed up to...for this event”表示“报名成为活动的志愿者”，需选volunteer表示“志愿者”，to后接动词原形，volunteer作动词意为“自愿参加”。 3．句意：活动开始前，主办方要求所有志愿者学习基础手语和沟通技巧，以便他们能更好地了解残疾人的需求。“the organizers...all volunteers to learn”表示“组织者要求所有志愿者学习”，描述过去发生的事情需用一般过去时，需选require表示“要求”，其过去式为required。 4．句意：活动期间，志愿者们为每位参与者提供了耐心的帮助。“volunteers...patient help to every participant”表示“志愿者们提供了耐心的帮助”，描述过去发生的事情需用一般过去时，需选offer表示“提供”，其过去式为offered。 5．句意：许多热心的居民也为有需要的家庭捐赠了钱和日用品。“also...money and daily necessities”表示“也捐赠了钱和日用品”，描述过去发生的事情需用一般过去时，需选donate表示“捐赠”，其过去式为donated。 6．句意：我的父母一直支持我参加这类公益活动的想法，于是我和同学们一起加入了后勤备餐小组。“have always...my idea”表示“一直支持我的想法”，have后需用过去分词，需选support表示“支持”，其过去分词为supported。 7．句意：活动组织者还提醒我们，应该尊重残疾人的个人意愿，而不是把我们自己的想法强加给他们。“also...us that”表示“还提醒我们”，描述过去发生的事情需用一般过去时，需选remind表示“提醒”，其过去式为reminded。 8．句意：起初我们没想到这个活动会如此受欢迎。“didn’t...the activity to be”表示“没想到活动会如此受欢迎”，didn’t后需用动词原形，需选expect表示“期望，预料”，与to构成expect sth. to be结构。 9．句意：每个人脸上的笑容表明我们已经实现了建设更友好社区的目标。“had...our goal”表示“已经实现了我们的目标”，had后需用过去分词，需选achieve表示“实现”，其过去分词为achieved。 10．句意：这次经历对我产生了很大的影响，我决定今后参加更多这类公益活动。“has a great...on me”表示“对我产生了很大的影响”，have an influence on为固定短语，需选influence表示“影响”，为名词。 九、阅读理解。 (A) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Volunteering is a great way to help others. I love being a volunteer! I 1 (work) with a sports organization for almost three years. Since I started, I 2 (help) out at over ten different sports events. I 3 (make) many new friends and I have even 4 (meet) many famous athletes. For example, I met two national football players from Argentina last month. The stadium 5 (be) so big that they 6 (get) lost. I gave them directions and they 7 (smile) and thanked me warmly. I have known my best friend 8 (since) I was in primary school. We have lived in the same neighbourhood 9 (for) six years. It’s meaningful to volunteer. We can learn a lot and feel proud 10 (be) volunteers. 【答案】 1．have worked 2．have helped 3．have made 4．met 5．was 6．got 7．smiled 8．since 9．for 10．to be 【导语】本文是记叙文，通过讲述作者作为体育志愿者的经历，介绍了志愿服务带来的收获与意义，强调了志愿服务的价值和自豪感。 【详解】1．句意为：我已经在一个体育组织工作了快三年了。句中“for almost three years”表示从过去持续到现在的时间段，需用现在完成时。 2．句意为：自从我开始以来，我已经在十多个不同的体育赛事中帮忙了。“Since I started”提示动作从过去开始并持续到现在，需用现在完成时。 3．句意：我交了很多新朋友，甚至还见过很多著名运动员。上下文均为现在完成时语境，强调过去动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时符合语境。 4．句意为：我交了很多新朋友，甚至还见过很多著名运动员。“have even”后接过去分词构成现在完成时。 5．句意为：体育场太大了，他们迷路了。描述过去发生的事件，主语“the stadium”为单数，故用was符合语境。 6．句意为：体育场太大了，他们迷路了。与前半句时态一致，描述过去发生的动作，用got符合语境。 7．句意为：我给他们指了路，他们微笑着热情地感谢了我。“and”连接并列谓语，与“thanked”时态保持一致。 8．句意为：我从小学就认识我最好的朋友了。“since”后接一般过去时的句子，引导时间状语从句。 9．句意为：我们住在同一个街区已经六年了。“for”后接时间段，用于现在完成时中表示动作持续的时长。 10．句意为：作为志愿者，我们能学到很多东西并感到自豪。固定搭配“feel proud to be...” 表示“为成为…… 而自豪”，用动词不定式形式。 (B) When Zhang Ming was in Grade Seven, he was very shy. But a volunteer experience changed him. His teacher asked for volunteers to help poor children in a mountain village. Zhang Ming decided to go. The children there had no books or toys. They walked a long way to school every day, but they studied hard. Zhang Ming helped them with English and math. He also told them stories about city life. At first, Zhang Ming was shy. But later, he talked more with the children and made friends. When he left, the children gave him many pictures they had drawn. Zhang Ming was very moved. Now he is more confident and loves volunteering. He says, “Helping others changes me.” 1．What was Zhang Ming like in Grade Seven? A．Outgoing. B．Shy. C．Confident. D．Active. 2．Where did Zhang Ming volunteer? A．An old people’s home. B．A city hospital. C．A mountain village. D．An animal shelter. 3．What did Zhang Ming do for the children? A．Helped with their lessons. B．Bought them clothes. C．Built a new school. D．Took them to the city. 4．What made Zhang Ming change a lot? A．The pictures from children. B．His teachers. C．City life. D．The volunteer experience. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了张明在七年级时非常害羞，通过一次去山村做志愿者的经历，他变得更加自信，并爱上了志愿服务。 【详解】1．第一段提到“When Zhang Ming was in Grade Seven, he was very shy.”，这直接说明了张明七年级时很害羞。 2．第二段提到“His teacher asked for volunteers to help poor children in a mountain village.”，这直接说明了张明去山村做志愿者。 3．第二段提到“Zhang Ming helped them with English and math.”，这直接说明了张明帮助孩子们学习功课。 4．第一段提到“But a volunteer experience changed him.”，这直接说明了志愿经历让张明改变了很多。 十、任务型阅读。 Meng Chen is a university student in Beijing. Almost every weekend, he works as a volunteer guide in the Forbidden City, sharing stories about ancient clocks in the Hall of Clocks with visitors. Meng is one of around 300 volunteer tour guides at the Palace Museum, and one-third of these guides are university students. “Every brick here has a story to tell,” Meng often says. He loves walking through the buildings where 24 emperors once lived, feeling connected to the centuries of history held within the palace walls. But being a volunteer guide takes more than just interest. Meng spent nearly three months studying to remember every detail of the clocks—from their design to their history. The work also comes with challenges: many tourists rush through sightseeing and turn down volunteer guides. Shi Hui, another student volunteer, once walked around for three hours on his first day before finding a man in his 50s who was happy to listen to his stories. For these young volunteers, their work is about far more than giving tours. They are building a bridge between the past and the present, helping visitors feel the warmth and wonder of China’s cultural heritage. As Meng puts it, “History only comes alive when people share it.” By passing on the stories of the Forbidden City, they are not just protecting culture—they are also growing into more confident young people who care about their heritage. 1．Where does Meng Chen study now? ___________________________________________________________________________________. 2．How many volunteer tour guides are there at the Palace Museum? ___________________________________________________________________________________. 3．Why did Meng Chen spend three months studying the clocks? ___________________________________________________________________________________. 4．What can we do in our daily life to protect and spread Chinese culture? (write 30 words or more) ___________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】1．In Beijing. 2．Around 300. 3．To remember every detail of the clocks. 4． We can visit museums to learn about history. We should respect cultural relics and not touch them. Also, we can share stories about Chinese culture with friends or foreigners to help them understand China better. 【来源】辽宁省沈阳市沈北新区 2025-2026学年度下学期 八年级联合阶段性英语学科质量诊断 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了北京大学生孟晨在故宫博物院做志愿导游的经历，包括他的准备工作、遇到的挑战以及这份工作的意义，展现了年轻一代对传承中国文化遗产的热情。 【详解】1．根据第一段中“Meng Chen is a university student in Beijing.”可知，孟晨现在在北京学习。答案为原文具体地点信息，直接提取。 2．根据第二段中“Meng is one of around 300 volunteer tour guides at the Palace Museum,”可知，故宫博物院大约有300名志愿导游。答案为原文具体数字信息，直接提取。 3．根据第三段中“Meng spent nearly three months studying to remember every detail of the clocks...”可知，他花时间学习是为了记住钟表的细节。适当引述原文即可。 4．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但需基于文中部分内容，根据第四段中“By passing on the stories of the Forbidden City, they are not just protecting culture...”可知，我们可以通过参观博物馆、尊重文物和分享文化故事等来保护和传播中国文化，合理作答即可。 十一、完形填空。 Ye Haitao, a 42-year-old man with paralysis (瘫痪) has helped over 300 children with school lessons for free over the last 20 years. When Ye was young, he dreamed to be a 1 , because he thought educating people was the greatest thing in the world. In 1993, 2 he was 16, he went to university. He studied hard to 3 himself for his dream. However, 4 got in the way (阻碍) of Ye’s study and life. In the second year of his university, he was so sick that he had to 5 his study. Day by day, he couldn’t walk, stand or even sit. He could only 6 in bed all day. One day some villagers came to Ye’s home 7 help. Many left-behind (留守) children in the village lived with their grandparents, but most of their grandparents could 8 write or read. These children really needed help with their schoolwork at home, so Ye 9 . Ye started helping these children in the summer of 1999. They don’t need to 10 anything for the tutoring (辅导). Sitting at desks around Ye’s bed, they always listen to Ye 11 . Many of Ye’s students have entered (进入) high schools and 12 become college students. Seeing the children improve 13 his help, Ye is quite happy. He knows he is doing a meaningful job. “It is the 14 of these children that keeps me doing this. I get a strong 15 of satisfaction when I see their smiling faces,” Ye says. 1．A．doctor B．scientist C．teacher 2．A．when B．while C．because 3．A．offer B．care C．improve 4．A．illness B．money C．grades 5．A．keep on B．give up C．take up 6．A．lie down B．take down C．cut down 7．A．about B．against C．for 8．A．usually B．hardly C．often 9．A．disagreed B．refused C．agreed 10．A．take B．pay C．spend 11．A．carefully B．suddenly C．bravely 12．A．just B．even C．ever 13．A．in B．with C．on 14．A．smile B．stress C．relation 15．A．risk B．cheat C．feeling 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．B 13．B 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了瘫痪的叶海涛免费辅导留守儿童长达20年。虽因病放弃学业，但看到孩子们进步，他深感满足，坚持做有意义的事。 【详解】1．句意：叶海涛年轻时梦想成为一名教师，因为他认为教育他人是世界上最伟大的事。 后文提到“他认为教育人是世界上最棒的事”，对应职业是老师，teacher“教师”，符合语境。 2．句意：1993年，当他16岁时，他上了大学。 此处表示“当他16岁时”，when可接表特定年龄/时间点的从句，符合用法；while多接延续性动作，because表原因不符合句意。 3．句意：他努力学习，为了实现梦想提升自己。 努力学习的目的是提升自己。improve“提高”，符合为梦想努力学习的逻辑。 4．句意：然而，疾病阻碍了叶海涛的学习和生活。 后文提到他病得很重，因此是疾病阻碍了他的学习生活。illness“疾病”，符合前后文的语境。 5．句意：大学第二年，他病得很重，不得不放弃学业。 身体原因使他无法继续学业，只能放弃。give up“放弃”，符合因病辍学的语境。 6．句意：他只能整天躺在床上。 他不能走路、站立甚至坐下，只能整天躺在床上。lie down“躺下”，符合卧病在床的语境。 7．句意：一天，一些村民来到叶家寻求帮助。 come for help为固定搭配，意为“来寻求帮助”，for表目的，符合语境。 8．句意：村里许多留守儿童和祖父母一起生活，但大多数祖父母几乎不会写字或读书。 孩子们需要功课帮助，原因是祖父母几乎不会读写，hardly“几乎不”，符合语境。 9．句意：这些孩子在家的功课真的需要帮助，所以叶海涛同意了。 后文提到叶海涛开始辅导孩子，说明他同意帮忙，agreed“同意”符合语境。 10．句意：他们不需要为辅导支付任何费用。 文章开头点明叶海涛免费辅导，因此孩子不需要付费。pay“支付”，符合语境。 11．句意：他们坐在床边，总是认真地听叶海涛讲课。 孩子们珍惜学习机会，听讲态度应是认真的，carefully“认真地”，符合认真听课的语境。 12．句意：叶海涛的许多学生考入高中，甚至成为了大学生。 此处表示递进关系，“甚至成为大学生”比“考上高中”更进一步，even“甚至”，符合语境。 13．句意：看到孩子们在他的帮助下进步，叶海涛非常开心。 with one’s help为固定搭配，意为“在某人的帮助下”， with符合语境。 14．句意：正是这些孩子的笑容让我坚持这么做。 后文叶海涛提到“看到他们的笑脸”，因此是孩子们的笑容支撑他坚持。smile“微笑、笑容”，符合语境。 15．句意：看到他们的笑脸，我有一种强烈的满足感。 a feeling of satisfaction为固定表达，意为“满足感”，feeling“感觉”，符合语境。 Small Actions, Big Changes Part 1: Read and Explore Have you ever wondered how you can help your community? Many people think that making a difference requires a lot of time or money. But the truth is, small actions can lead to big changes. Take 15-year-old Lin Hao, for example. He lives in a small town in Sichuan. Every Saturday morning, he visits the elderly people in his neighborhood. He doesn‘t do anything big — just chats with them, reads newspapers aloud, and helps them carry heavy things. “Many of them live alone,” Lin Hao says. “They just need someone to talk to. I’ve been doing this for two years, and it makes me happy to see them smile.” Then there‘s Zhang Mei, a 16-year-old from Shanghai. She loves drawing. Last year, she started a project called “Art for Animals.” She draws pictures of homeless cats and dogs and posts them online. Each drawing has a short story about the animal’s personality. Thanks to her drawings, more than twenty animals have found new homes. “I never thought my hobby could save lives,” Zhang Mei says with a smile. Wang Tao, a 14-year-old who enjoys playing basketball, found his own way to help. He noticed that many children in his community didn‘t have a safe place to play sports. So he started a weekend basketball club. He teaches basic skills to younger kids for free. “I’ve been playing basketball since I was five,” he says. “Now I can share what I love with others.” These young people show us that you don‘t need to be an adult to make a difference. Whether it’s visiting the elderly, drawing for animals, or teaching sports, everyone can help in their own way. What can you do? Task 1: Fill in the Blanks Complete the sentences with information from the passage. （根据文章内容完成句子。） 1. Lin Hao visits the ____________ people in his neighborhood every Saturday morning. 2. Lin Hao has been doing volunteer work for ____________ years. 3. Zhang Mei draws pictures of homeless cats and ____________. 4. Thanks to Zhang Mei’s drawings, more than ____________ animals have found new homes. 5. Wang Tao started a weekend ____________ club for children in his community. Task 2: Complete the Chart Read the passage again and complete the chart below. Person Hobby / Interest How They Help Lin Hao 1. ________________ Visits the elderly, chats with them, reads newspapers aloud, and helps carry heavy things Zhang Mei Drawing 2. ________________ Wang Tao 3. ________________ 4. ________________ Task 3: Creative Project Imagine you want to use your hobby or skill to help people in your community. Complete the project plan below. （假设你想用自己的爱好或技能帮助社区里的人。完成下面的项目计划。） My Hobby Project My hobby / skill is: ________________________ I will use it to help: (circle one) the elderly / children / animals / the environment / other: ___________ Here is my plan: Action 1: ____________________________________________________ Action 2: ____________________________________________________ A creative idea I have: ____________________________________________________ My project‘s name (optional): “________________________________” 参考答案： Task 1:1. elderly； 2. two； 3. dogs； 4. twenty；5. basketball Task 2: 1. (No specific hobby mentioned) / Helping others 2. Draws pictures of homeless cats and dogs, posts them online, helps animals find new homes 3. Playing basketball 4. Started a weekend basketball club, teaches basic skills to younger kids for free Task 3:【Sample Paragraph】 My hobby / skill is: playing the guitar I will use it to help: the elderly Here is my plan: Action 1: I will visit the elderly center once a week and play songs for them. Action 2: I will teach a few elderly people some simple songs on the guitar if they are interested. A creative idea I have: I will ask my friends to join me and start a small volunteer music group. My project’s name (optional): “Music for Smiles” 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Making a Difference 课时1 Section A 1a-1d分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 1. make a difference /meɪk ə ˈdɪfərəns/ 有（重要）作用 2. visitor /ˈvɪzɪtə(r)/ n. 参观者；来访者 3. elderly /ˈeldəli/ adj. 年纪较大的 4. organization /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 组织；团体 5. stadium /ˈsteɪdiəm/ n. 体育馆；运动场 6. provide /prəˈvaɪd/ v. 提供；给予 7. volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做 8. guide /ɡaɪd/ v. 引导；带领 n. 导游；指南 短语 1. clean up 打扫；清理 2. guide visitors 引导参观者 3. visit the elderly 看望老人 4. give directions 指路 5. plant trees 植树 6. sort waste 分类垃圾 7. a football organization 足球组织 8. an art museum organization 艺术博物馆组织 9. a beach clean-up organization 海滩清理组织 10. provide information 提供信息 11. pick up bottles and cans 捡起瓶子和罐子 12. care about 关心 13. it‘s everyone’s duty to do 做……是每个人的责任 14. use one‘s skills 运用某人的技能 15. look after 照顾；照料 句型 1. 询问志愿者经历 How long have you been a volunteer?你当志愿者多久了？ Have you been a volunteer with the organization for long?你在这个组织当志愿者很久了吗？ 2. 回答时长 I’ve been a volunteer since last year.我从去年起就当志愿者了。 I‘ve only been a guide here for two weeks.我在这里当向导只有两周。 I’ve been a volunteer for about seven years.我当志愿者大约七年了。 3. 描述志愿者工作内容 What do you do?你做什么工作？ I help the players and give directions.我帮助运动员并指路。 I clean up the stadium after matches too.比赛后我也打扫体育场。 I guide visitors through the museum and provide information about the paintings.我引导参观者参观博物馆并提供有关画作的信息。 I‘ve picked up three bags of bottles and cans since our team arrived this morning.从我们团队今天早上到达以来，我已经捡了三袋瓶瓶罐罐。 4. 表达责任感 I think it’s everyone‘s duty to look after it!我认为照顾它是每个人的责任！ That’s a good use of your skills!这是对你技能的良好运用！ You must really care about the beach.你一定真的很关心海滩 一、单词默写。 1. ____________ [meɪk ə ˈdɪfərəns] 有重要作用 2. ____________ [ˈvɪzɪtə(r)] n. 参观者 3. ____________ [ˈeldəli] adj. 年纪较大的 4. ____________ [ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn] n. 组织 5. ____________ [ˈsteɪdiəm] n. 体育馆 6. ____________ [prəˈvaɪd] v. 提供 7. ____________ [ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)] n. 志愿者 8. ____________ [ɡaɪd] v. 引导 二、短语默写。 1. 打扫；清理 ____________________ 2. 引导参观者 ____________________ 3. 看望老人 ____________________ 4. 指路 ____________________ 5. 植树 ____________________ 6. 分类垃圾 ____________________ 7. 提供信息 ____________________ 8. 捡起瓶子和罐子 ____________________ 9. 关心 ____________________ 10. 照顾；照料 ____________________ 11. 运用某人的技能 ____________________ 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 你当志愿者多久了？ How long ______ you ______ a volunteer? 2. 我从去年起就当志愿者了。 I’ve been a volunteer ______ last year. 3. 我在这里当向导只有两周。 I‘ve ______ been a guide here ______ two weeks. 4. 我当志愿者大约七年了。 I’ve been a volunteer ______ about seven years. 5. 我帮助运动员并指路。 I help the ______ and give ______. 6. 比赛后我也打扫体育场。 I ______ ______ the stadium after matches too. 7. 我引导参观者参观博物馆并提供有关画作的信息。 I ______ visitors through the museum and ______ information about the paintings. 8. 从我们团队今天早上到达以来，我已经捡了三袋瓶瓶罐罐。 I‘ve ______ up three bags of ______ and cans since our team ______ this morning. 9. 这是对你技能的良好运用！ That’s a good ______ of your skills! 10. 你一定真的很关心海滩。 You must really ______ ______ the beach. 11. 我认为照顾它是每个人的责任！ I think it‘s ______ duty to ______ after it! 四、请根据所给的首字母写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1. How long have you been a v____________ at this organization? 2. I help the players and give d____________ to visitors. 3. I c____________ up the stadium after matches too. 4. I g____________ visitors through the museum and provide information. 5. I’ve p____________ up three bags of bottles and cans since this morning. 6. I think it‘s everyone’s d____________ to look after the beach. 7. That‘s a good u____________ of your skills! 8. You must really c____________ about the environment. 五 、同义句转换。 1. I have been a volunteer since last year. → I have been a volunteer for ______ ______. 2. I’ve only been a guide here for two weeks. → I‘ve only been a guide here ______ two weeks ______. 3. I’ve picked up three bags of bottles and cans. → I have ______ three bags of bottles and cans. 4. I think it‘s everyone’s duty to look after the beach. → I think ______ should look after the beach. 5. That‘s a good use of your skills. → You ______ your skills well. 六 、补全对话。 （1）A: How long have you been a v____________? B: I’ve been a volunteer for about seven years. （2）A: What do you do at the football o____________? B: I help the players and give directions. （3）A: Do you c____________ up the stadium after matches? B: Yes, I clean it up after matches too. （4）A: How long have you been a g____________ at the museum? B: I‘ve only been a guide here for two weeks. （5） What have you p____________ up today? B: I’ve picked up three bags of bottles and cans. 七 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. How long ______ you ______ (be) a volunteer? 2. I ______ (be) a volunteer since last year. 3. I ______ only ______ (be) a guide here for two weeks. 4. I ______ (pick) up three bags of bottles and cans since this morning. 5. I think it‘s everyone’s duty ______ (look) after the beach. 6. That‘s a good ______ (use) of your skills. 7. You must really ______ (care) about the environment. 8. I ______ (clean) up the stadium after matches too. 八、选词填空。 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。 volunteer     donate     support    offer     include require    remind     achieve     influence     expect Our community held a caring activity for disabled people last Sunday. It 1 a series of services such as free health checks, skill training courses and outdoor picnic plans. More than 50 local people signed up to 2 for this event. Before the activity, the organizers 3 all volunteers to learn basic sign language and communication skills, which helped them better understand the needs of disabled people. During the activity, volunteers 4 patient help to every participant. Some helped disabled friends move around the community, some taught them to make handcrafts, and others organized interesting games for children with intellectual disabilities. Many kind-hearted residents also 5 money and daily necessities to the families in need. My parents have always 6 my idea of taking part in such public welfare activities, so I joined the food preparation team with my classmates. The activity organizers also 7 us that we should respect the personal wishes of disabled people rather than impose our ideas on them. We didn’t 8 the activity to be so warmly welcomed at first. The smiles on everyone’s face showed that we had 9 our goal of building a more friendly community. This experience has a great 10 on me, and I decide to take part in more such activities in the future. 九、阅读理解。 (A) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Volunteering is a great way to help others. I love being a volunteer! I 1 (work) with a sports organization for almost three years. Since I started, I 2 (help) out at over ten different sports events. I 3 (make) many new friends and I have even 4 (meet) many famous athletes. For example, I met two national football players from Argentina last month. The stadium 5 (be) so big that they 6 (get) lost. I gave them directions and they 7 (smile) and thanked me warmly. I have known my best friend 8 (since) I was in primary school. We have lived in the same neighbourhood 9 (for) six years. It’s meaningful to volunteer. We can learn a lot and feel proud 10 (be) volunteers. (B) When Zhang Ming was in Grade Seven, he was very shy. But a volunteer experience changed him. His teacher asked for volunteers to help poor children in a mountain village. Zhang Ming decided to go. The children there had no books or toys. They walked a long way to school every day, but they studied hard. Zhang Ming helped them with English and math. He also told them stories about city life. At first, Zhang Ming was shy. But later, he talked more with the children and made friends. When he left, the children gave him many pictures they had drawn. Zhang Ming was very moved. Now he is more confident and loves volunteering. He says, “Helping others changes me.” 1．What was Zhang Ming like in Grade Seven? A．Outgoing. B．Shy. C．Confident. D．Active. 2．Where did Zhang Ming volunteer? A．An old people’s home. B．A city hospital. C．A mountain village. D．An animal shelter. 3．What did Zhang Ming do for the children? A．Helped with their lessons. B．Bought them clothes. C．Built a new school. D．Took them to the city. 4．What made Zhang Ming change a lot? A．The pictures from children. B．His teachers. C．City life. D．The volunteer experience. 十、任务型阅读。 Meng Chen is a university student in Beijing. Almost every weekend, he works as a volunteer guide in the Forbidden City, sharing stories about ancient clocks in the Hall of Clocks with visitors. Meng is one of around 300 volunteer tour guides at the Palace Museum, and one-third of these guides are university students. “Every brick here has a story to tell,” Meng often says. He loves walking through the buildings where 24 emperors once lived, feeling connected to the centuries of history held within the palace walls. But being a volunteer guide takes more than just interest. Meng spent nearly three months studying to remember every detail of the clocks—from their design to their history. The work also comes with challenges: many tourists rush through sightseeing and turn down volunteer guides. Shi Hui, another student volunteer, once walked around for three hours on his first day before finding a man in his 50s who was happy to listen to his stories. For these young volunteers, their work is about far more than giving tours. They are building a bridge between the past and the present, helping visitors feel the warmth and wonder of China’s cultural heritage. As Meng puts it, “History only comes alive when people share it.” By passing on the stories of the Forbidden City, they are not just protecting culture—they are also growing into more confident young people who care about their heritage. 1．Where does Meng Chen study now? ___________________________________________________________________________________. 2．How many volunteer tour guides are there at the Palace Museum? ___________________________________________________________________________________. 3．Why did Meng Chen spend three months studying the clocks? ___________________________________________________________________________________. 4．What can we do in our daily life to protect and spread Chinese culture? (write 30 words or more) ___________________________________________________________________________________. 十一、完形填空。 Ye Haitao, a 42-year-old man with paralysis (瘫痪) has helped over 300 children with school lessons for free over the last 20 years. When Ye was young, he dreamed to be a 1 , because he thought educating people was the greatest thing in the world. In 1993, 2 he was 16, he went to university. He studied hard to 3 himself for his dream. However, 4 got in the way (阻碍) of Ye’s study and life. In the second year of his university, he was so sick that he had to 5 his study. Day by day, he couldn’t walk, stand or even sit. He could only 6 in bed all day. One day some villagers came to Ye’s home 7 help. Many left-behind (留守) children in the village lived with their grandparents, but most of their grandparents could 8 write or read. These children really needed help with their schoolwork at home, so Ye 9 . Ye started helping these children in the summer of 1999. They don’t need to 10 anything for the tutoring (辅导). Sitting at desks around Ye’s bed, they always listen to Ye 11 . Many of Ye’s students have entered (进入) high schools and 12 become college students. Seeing the children improve 13 his help, Ye is quite happy. He knows he is doing a meaningful job. “It is the 14 of these children that keeps me doing this. I get a strong 15 of satisfaction when I see their smiling faces,” Ye says. 1．A．doctor B．scientist C．teacher 2．A．when B．while C．because 3．A．offer B．care C．improve 4．A．illness B．money C．grades 5．A．keep on B．give up C．take up 6．A．lie down B．take down C．cut down 7．A．about B．against C．for 8．A．usually B．hardly C．often 9．A．disagreed B．refused C．agreed 10．A．take B．pay C．spend 11．A．carefully B．suddenly C．bravely 12．A．just B．even C．ever 13．A．in B．with C．on 14．A．smile B．stress C．relation 15．A．risk B．cheat C．feeling Small Actions, Big Changes Part 1: Read and Explore Have you ever wondered how you can help your community? Many people think that making a difference requires a lot of time or money. But the truth is, small actions can lead to big changes. Take 15-year-old Lin Hao, for example. He lives in a small town in Sichuan. Every Saturday morning, he visits the elderly people in his neighborhood. He doesn‘t do anything big — just chats with them, reads newspapers aloud, and helps them carry heavy things. “Many of them live alone,” Lin Hao says. “They just need someone to talk to. I’ve been doing this for two years, and it makes me happy to see them smile.” Then there‘s Zhang Mei, a 16-year-old from Shanghai. She loves drawing. Last year, she started a project called “Art for Animals.” She draws pictures of homeless cats and dogs and posts them online. Each drawing has a short story about the animal’s personality. Thanks to her drawings, more than twenty animals have found new homes. “I never thought my hobby could save lives,” Zhang Mei says with a smile. Wang Tao, a 14-year-old who enjoys playing basketball, found his own way to help. He noticed that many children in his community didn‘t have a safe place to play sports. So he started a weekend basketball club. He teaches basic skills to younger kids for free. “I’ve been playing basketball since I was five,” he says. “Now I can share what I love with others.” These young people show us that you don‘t need to be an adult to make a difference. Whether it’s visiting the elderly, drawing for animals, or teaching sports, everyone can help in their own way. What can you do? Task 1: Fill in the Blanks Complete the sentences with information from the passage. （根据文章内容完成句子。） 1. Lin Hao visits the ____________ people in his neighborhood every Saturday morning. 2. Lin Hao has been doing volunteer work for ____________ years. 3. Zhang Mei draws pictures of homeless cats and ____________. 4. Thanks to Zhang Mei’s drawings, more than ____________ animals have found new homes. 5. Wang Tao started a weekend ____________ club for children in his community. Task 2: Complete the Chart Read the passage again and complete the chart below. Person Hobby / Interest How They Help Lin Hao 1. ________________ Visits the elderly, chats with them, reads newspapers aloud, and helps carry heavy things Zhang Mei Drawing 2. ________________ Wang Tao 3. ________________ 4. ________________ Task 3: Creative Project Imagine you want to use your hobby or skill to help people in your community. Complete the project plan below. （假设你想用自己的爱好或技能帮助社区里的人。完成下面的项目计划。） My Hobby Project My hobby / skill is: ________________________ I will use it to help: (circle one) the elderly / children / animals / the environment / other: ___________ Here is my plan: Action 1: ____________________________________________________ Action 2: ____________________________________________________ A creative idea I have: ____________________________________________________ My project‘s name (optional): “________________________________” 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $