阅读理解词义猜测专项突破 -2026届高三英语二轮复习专项

**基本信息** 以“逻辑-线索-构词-语境-指代”五大方法体系为核心，通过20+高考真题案例系统构建词句猜测解题框架，强化语言理解与逻辑推断能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |上下文逻辑关系|7题（含2023新高考I卷等）|定义/因果/对比关系标志词定位法|从显性逻辑（标志词）到隐性语义关联，层层递进| |例证/标点线索|3题（含2024全国I卷等）|举例（such as）与标点（破折号）暗示法|借助外部语言标记辅助词义推断，降低理解难度| |构词法|6题（含2025浙江首考等）|词根词缀拆分+合成词解析+3秒口诀|从词形结构到语义生成，建立词汇内在关联| |语境联想|7题（含2023全国乙卷等）|上下文语义场关联法|通过语篇整体语境推断熟词生义，提升语用能力| |指代关系|3题（含2024浙江卷等）|代词/名词就近指代定位法|明确语篇指代链条，强化语篇连贯理解|

2026 届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解题专项---词句猜测 一、利用上下文逻辑关系推测词义 1. 定义或解释关系 标志词be called, mean, refer to, be defined as, that is (to say), in other words等。 真题案例 1) 2023年新高考全国I卷C篇 I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. 29. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Clear-up.  B. Add-on.       C. Check-in.            D. Take-over. 2) 2020年高考英语全国Ⅲ卷 Yet “Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including “Water for Elephants,” “The Hangover Part Ⅱ” and “Zookeeper,” have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly. 26. What does the underlined phrase “keeping tabs on” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Listing completely. B. Directing professionally. C. Promoting successfully. D. Watching carefully. 2. 因果关系 标志词because, so, therefore, result in, due to, owing to 等。 2021年高考英语浙江卷 “The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions,” she said. “Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with nonverbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains.” 29. What does the underlined word “gulf” in the last paragraph mean? A. Difference.        B. Conflict. C. Balance.      D. Connection. 3. 对比或转折关系 标志词but, however, while, instead of, rather than, unlike 等。 1) 2022年高考英语浙江卷 How long we stay on the clock and how we spend that time are under careful examination in many workplaces. The young banker who eats lunch at his desk is probably seen as a go-getter, while his colleagues who chat over a relaxed conference-room meal get dirty looks from the corner office. “People from cultures that value relationships more than ours are shocked by the thought of eating alone in front of a computer,” says Art Markman, a professor of psychology at the University of Texas, Austin. Social interaction has been shown to lift mood(情绪) and get people thinking in new directions and in ways that could help improve any post-lunch effort. 28. The underlined word “go-getter” in paragraph 3 refers to someone who . A. is good at handling pressure B. works hard to become successful C. has a natural talent for his job D. gets on well with his co-workers 2) 2020年高考英语新课标Ⅰ卷 According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research，both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid. 13. What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. Big eaters.  B. Overweight persons.   C. Picky eaters.     D. Tall thin persons. 3) 2021年高考英语全国Ⅱ卷 When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl(水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat(栖息地). 29. What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph? A. Acquire.  B. Export.     C. Destroy.    D. Distribute. 4) 2024年高考英语全国Ⅱ卷 In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code(代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic，making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. 32. What does the phrase“In the wrong hands”in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. If read by someone poorly educated. B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C. If written by someone less competent. D. If translated by someone unacademic. 5) 2024年高考英语全国甲卷 Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit，but cats take this behavior up a notch. Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. This is a very old habit that's been present in all kinds of predators(食肉动物). Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their nature since the beginning of time. So just go along with it! 26. Which best explains the phrase“take...up a notch”in paragraph 3? A. Perform appropriately.  B. Move faster. C. Act strangely.  D. Do better. 6) 2021年高考英语新课标Ⅰ卷 As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room，otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We’d come down in the morning to find they’d turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo. 5. What do the underlined words "get up to mischief" mean in Paragraph 3? A. Behave badly.  B. Lose their way. C. Sleep soundly.  D. Miss their mom. 二、借助例证或标点符号线索 1. 举例说明 标志词 such as, for example, like, e.g., 冒号、破折号等。 1) 2024年高考英语全国Ⅰ卷 When reading texts of several hundred words or more，learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to ones that require mental abstraction—such as drawing inferences from a text. 28. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Seem unlikely to last.  B. Seem hard to explain. C. Become ready to use.  D. Become easy to notice. 2) 2022年全国高考英语乙卷 That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance，including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts. 9. What does “maintenance” underlined in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Personnel safety.  B. Assistance from drones. C. Inspection and repair.  D. Construction of infrastructure. 2. 标点符号暗示 破折号、括号、逗号：通常用于解释或补充说明。 2021年全国英语乙卷 Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones according to a survey (调查). Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket—19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category. 25. What does the underlined word “concede” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Admit.  B. Argue.       C. Remember.       D. Remark. 三、通过构词法推断词义 1.常见词根词缀 1）前缀 否定反向 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 un -不：unhappy、unable in/im/il/ir -不：impossible、illegal、irregular dis -否定/分开：dislike、disappear non -非：non-smoking 方向时间 pre - 提前：preview、predict post - 在后：post-war re - 再 / 回：rewrite、return ex - 向外/前任：exit、ex-president under -不足/在下：underestimate over -过度/在上：overwork 数量关联 uni - 单：uniform bi - 双：bicycle tri - 三：triangle multi - 多：multiple semi -半：semicircle inter -之间：international trans -跨越：transport、translate con/com/co -共同：connect、cooperate 2）后缀-秒判词性 名词（人/物抽象） -er/or 人：teacher、actor -ist专业人：scientist、artist -tion/sion动作名词：action、decision -ment结果：development、agreement -ness性质：happiness、kindness -ity安全/属性：safety、quality -ance/ence状态：importance、difference 形容词 -ful充满：careful、helpful -less无：useless、homeless -able/ible可…：possible、comfortable -ous多：dangerous、curious -al有关：natural、formal -ive有… 倾向：active、creative 动词/副词 -ize使… 化：realize、organize -ate 做/使：create、activate -ly副词：quickly、clearly 3）核心高频词根 port运/拿：import、export、transport vis/view看：visit、visible、review dict说：predict、dictation act做：action、active gress走：progress audi听：audio、audience tele远：telephone、TV scrib写：describe、script bene好：benefit mal坏：malfunction 4）考场3条秒用口诀 1 见否定前缀 un/in/dis→词义直接反着猜 2 看后缀定词性：tion/ment是名词；able/ful是形容词 3 长单词拆分：前缀+词根+后缀，拆完就能懂大意 真题示例 2025年1月浙江首考 阅读理解D篇 When a company designs a product, it often gives it human features—a name, a voice, a face, or even a personality. This is called anthropomorphism. For example, a smart speaker may be called "Alexa" and sound like a friendly person. A car may have headlights that look like eyes. 34. What does the underlined word "anthropomorphism" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. The act of naming products after people. B. The process of making products look modern. C. The tendency to treat products as unimportant. D. The practice of giving products human characteristics. （2021新高 I卷A篇 完整词义猜测题） Airline Passenger Services Children under 5 can travel with a parent for free. For unaccompanied minors aged 5 to 12, the airline provides free escort service during the trip. Kids traveling alone need their parents to fill in a special form and book the service at least two days ahead. Teenagers above 16 can take the flight by themselves without asking for the service. 1. What does the underlined word "unaccompanied" mean? A. Not cared for B. Not accompanied by adults C. Not old enough D. Not registered in advance （2021新高考I卷D 篇） Researchers studied ancient human teeth and jaws. In early times, people’s upper and lower front teeth were straight and aligned. This made it hard to make labiodental sounds like "f" and "v". Gradually, humans developed an overbite: the upper front teeth slightly cover the lower ones. This small change in our jaws made it much easier to produce certain common sounds in human language. 2. What does the underlined word "overbite" refer to? A. A way of speaking clearly B. A change of sound signals C. A tooth structure with upper teeth covering lower ones D. A difficulty in pronouncing simple words 2. 合成词拆分 真题示例 When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to ones that require mental abstraction—such as drawing inferences from a text. 28. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Seem unlikely to last. B. Seem hard to explain. C. Become ready to use. D. Become easy to notice. 2022 年新高考 I 卷 B 篇 The food industry is changing faster than ever, and plant-based meat is expected to overtake real meat in popularity within a decade. 24. What does the underlined word “overtake” mean? A. Catch up with. B. Pass by. C. Go beyond. D. Fall behind. 2022 年全国乙卷 B 篇 24 题 Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. 24. What does “breakdown” mean? A. Failure. B. Division. C. Collapse. D. Disorder. 四、结合上下文语境联想 1) 2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国乙卷) In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact(联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted，only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects. 34. What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. problem         B. history C. voice     D. society 2) 2021年高考英语天津卷(第一次) The poignancy of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform，I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him，just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind. 43. The underlined part “leaving behind the layer" in Paragraph 8 can be understood as ___________. A. letting go of the past  B. looking for a new job C. getting rid of a bad habit  D. giving up an opportunity 3) 2025年新高考全国I卷B篇 As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre(体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. 26. What does the underlined word "staggering" in paragraph 3 mean? A. Mixed.        B. Amazing.       C. Similar.     D. Disturbing. 4) 2021年全国英语甲卷 Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don’t worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up, "Safe, man. Safe. " A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting, "Safe! Safe! Safe！" And that’s what mattered-landing tricks, being a good skater. 9. What do the underlined words "Safe! Safe! Safe! " probably mean? A. Be careful!  B. Well done! C. No way!  D. Don’t worry! 5) 2022年全国高考英语甲卷 Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career(职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge. 28. Which of the following best explains "take the plunge" underlined in Paragraph 2? A. Try challenging things.  B. Take a degree. C. Bring back lost memories.  D. Stick to a promise. 6) 2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国甲卷) Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture，she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. 24. Which is closest in meaning to "a dab hand" in paragraph 1? A. An artist.      B. A winner. C. A specialist.       D. A pioneer. 五、 指代关系（代词或名词） 1）2024年1月高考英语浙江卷 When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone call—not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago，right? The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was...2006.I was conducting auditions(试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing，I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more “young professional”. 24. What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to? A. The play. B. The shared house. C. The sofa. D. The telephone box. 2）2022年新高考英语Ⅱ卷 We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal. This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2yearold grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday.I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures—a perfect match for his age. 24. What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2? A. Provided shelter for me.  B. Became very clear to me. C. Took the pressure off me.  D. Worked quite well on me. 3）2023年1月高考英语浙江卷 Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon. I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household. 24. What do the underlined words“jump on that bandwagon”mean in the first paragraph? A. Share an apartment with you.  B. Join you in what you’re doing. C. Transform your way of living.  D. Help you to make the decision. 六、总结：词义猜测题解题口诀 上下文中找线索，逻辑关系是关键； 定义举例和对比，标点符号来帮忙； 词根词缀拆词看，熟词生义要警惕； 代入验证是否通，排除干扰选最佳。 高考真题演练 1.（ 2023年全国乙卷 说明文）（人工生命 ALife） Artificial intelligence may be considered ALife’s cousin in that researchers in both fields are enamored by a concept called open-ended evolution (演化). 32. What does the word “enamored” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Shocked. B. Protected. C. Attracted. D. Challenged. 2.（2025 年全国二卷） There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.” What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4 A. Offering regular lessons. B. Paying extra attention. C. Assigning no schoolwork. D. Showing no sympathy. 3.（2025年1月浙江首考说明）（矩阵种植） A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. Referred to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing. Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and power tools, it’s based on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature does. What does the underlined word “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean? A. Running out of. B. Keeping away from. C. Putting up with. D. Taking advantage of. 4.（2023年天津第一次高考 说明文）（神经美学） Researchers use brain imaging technique to see which brain areas light up when we view paintings that we consider beautiful. Similar research has been done to understand the neuronal fireworks that occur when we look at inspiring sculptures, attractive faces, impressive dance, etc. What does “neuronal fireworks” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A beautiful painting or sculpture. B. The lighting-up of specific brain areas. C. An advanced brain imaging technology. D. The aesthetic assessment of modern art. 5.（2025 高考北京卷 夹叙夹议）（社会比较） In my defence, I did what we’ve all done before, which is repeat received wisdom without exploring the nuances. But now is the time to set the record straight, which starts with questioning the idea that all social comparison is unhealthy. What does the word “nuances” underlined in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Major achievements. B. Complex feelings. C. Significant impacts. D. Fine differences. 巩固训练 【训练1】（吉林省长春市第二实验中学2023-2024学年高三试题） A listener whose head is in some "sweet spot" hears high-quality sound. But as one gets farther from the sweet spot, the sound diminishes. That’s because sound waves from different loudspeakers interact to cancel out each other’s sound. What does the underlined word "diminishes" in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Becomes lower.  B．Travels faster. C．Gets sweeter.  D．Sounds nicer. 【训练2】（湖北省高中名校联盟2023-2024学年高三联合测评试题） Actually, until her pregnancy Quarles had been living at breakneck speed. It went so until last year. "I was exhausted, " she says. " I’d been working three jobs, doing my charity and going nonstop. I was afraid my mental health was getting worse. " ...... Which of the following best explains "breakneck" underlined in paragraph 2? A．Safe and slow.  B．Fast and dangerous. C．Exciting and terrifying. D．Gentle and comfortable. 【训练3】（广东省揭阳市普宁市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题） In early 2021, I hit a rut in my studies. As a doctoral candidate at the University of Chicago in Illinois, I worked to design safer, more effective materials for vaccine delivery. Although I had been productive early in my graduate career, my long hours and hard work were no longer translating into success in the laboratory, and I felt hopeless about achieving my goals. Something had to change. ...... What does the underlined part "hit a rut" in paragraph 1 mean? A．Stopped progressing smoothly.  B．Had very slow reactions. C．Accepted hard work’s value.  D．Overcame a big problem. 【训练4】（安徽省皖江名校联盟2023年高三联考） The creators of the wall hope it will bring an urgently needed solution to the threats facing the African continent, creating 10 million jobs in rural areas, as well as preventing 250 million tons of carbon. The initiative is Africa-driven, which for those on the continent, is vital, and may hold the key to success. "The Great Green Wall…is about ownership, and that has been the failure of development aid because people were never identified with it, " said Elvis Paul Tangam, African Union Commissioner for the Sahara and Sahel Great Green Wall Initiative. "But this time they identify. This is the very thing of us! " What does "us" underlined in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．African Unions.  B．All advocates. C．Land owners. D．All Africans. 【训练5】（湖南省常德市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题） Regulatory limits for how much PFAS food packaging should contain can vary greatly. For instance, a new law in California set the limit at less than 100 ppm. "Compared to America, Denmark sets a much lower regulatory limit of 20 ppm with great success, "said Xenia Trier, an expert at the European Environment Agency.“It does work to set limits and enforce them. PFAS do migrate from the paper into the food. Even though it was not 100%, we still saw considerable transmission. In general, transmission from packaging to food is increased as the temperature of the food rises. It is the same with the time spent in wrapping materials. "Trier told NBS, one of the major American mass-media companies. What does the underlined word "it" refer to in paragraph 4? A．Considerable migration of grease and water. B．PFAS transmission from packaging to food. C．Wrapper exposure to high food temperature. D．Regulatory limits concerning food packaging. 【训练6】（2023年全国高三专项练习） At the end of each day, the participants showed high activity in a brain area called the midbrain. The scientists were interested in two, small areas within it. Both areas produce dopamine, a chemical that is important in craving and rewards. The two areas activated when hungry participants saw pictures of tasty pizza or juicy hamburgers. After the volunteers had been isolated, those brain areas became active when they saw social activities they missed. It might be playing sports or chatting with friends. ...... What does the underlined "it" in paragraph 3 refer to? A．A midbrain area.  B．A social activity.  C．A volunteer.  D．A hamburger. 【训练7】（山东省曲阜师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年质量检测） Real riches consist of well-developed and hearty capacities (能力) to enjoy life. Most people are already swamped (淹没) with things. They eat, wear, go and talk too much. They live in too big a house with too many rooms, yet their house of life is a hut. ...... The underlined sentence in the second paragraph probably implies that______. A．however materially rich, they never seem to be satisfied B．however materially rich, they remain spiritually poor C．though their house is big, they prefer a simple life D．though their house is big, it seems to be a cage 【训练8】（浙江省名校协作体2023-2024学年高三适应性试题） Last year, after a winter of practicing skiing on the green tracks for beginners each week, Alicia was french-frying her way down blues and even attempted her first black. That month also witnessed me visiting the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined and I’ve got myself a partner for life. ...... What does the father imply by saying “I’ve got myself a partner for life.”? A．It is rewarding to learn new skills.  B．Skiing has become his lifelong hobby. C．He will explore more with his daughter.  D．His daughter will accompany him forever. 【训练9】（2022年全国高三专练） When you need a job very much, you may end up taking one that isn't ideal for you…. Of course, you may seek tasks and responsibilities that force you to learn something new or to work harder. "You may be operating on autopilot（习惯性地）right now, but chances are that people above you are stressed, " Sarah Hathorn says. " Take things off your boss’s plate and let him know which projects or tasks you want to learn more about. " ...... The underlined words "take things off your boss’s plate" mean______. A．draw your boss’s attention  B．share your boss’s burdens C．give your boss useful advice  D．ask your boss for a better position 【训练10】（2022·湖北孝感高三模拟） As soon as I started pedaling again, my pants got caught in the chain, and I fell flat on my face and hit my nose. Since that happened, my granddad decided to call it a day and try again the next morning. The next morning I woke up bright and early, and was very eager to try to ride my bike. My nose felt better, so I wasn’t that afraid of falling anymore. ...... 26．What does the underlined part in the passage mean? A．Remember what happened this day. B．Make the author feel happy. C．Stop practicing bicycling. D．Go on to ride a bike. 【训练11】2026 年 1 月广东省大湾区高三一模英语・C 篇 With climate change pushing mosquitoes to higher altitudes-the last shelter for honeycreepers, time is running out. Several of the remaining honeycreeper species are highly endangered. Some die after a single bite from an infected mosquito. Thus, curbing the mosquito population with methods like the BNM project may be the birds’ only chance to survive. 31. What does the underlined word “curbing” in the last paragraph mean? A. Wiping out. B. Keeping track of. C. Coexisting with. D. Keeping under control. 【训练12】2026 年 1 月广东省汕头市高三期末・C 篇 Studies show that digital technology, especially social media, worsens this condition. Data Reportal's 2024 report pooled screen-time records from 1.3 million users in 40 countries and found further proof. For instance, people in America aged 16-24 averaged 7 hours 3 minutes online per day... 30. What does the underlined word “pooled” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Evaluated. B. Created. C. Published. D. Collected. 【训练13】2026 年 1 月河北省 NT20 高三质检・C 篇 Following PIRG’s report, OllyAI halted production of the bear toys for a safety review. Meanwhile, 80 organizations, including Fairplay, advised families to avoid AI toys this season... 30. What does the underlined word “halted” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Suspended. B. Ignored. C. Opposed. D. Expanded. 【训练14】2026 年 1 月长沙市高三一模・C 篇 They often grow on objects made by humans, and groups of them can prevent these objects from functioning. For example, zebra mussels have been known to obstruct the flow of water through pipes, which can prevent communities from getting clean drinking water. They attach to these objects firmly... 30. What does the underlined word “obstruct” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Avoid. B. Block. C. Control. D. Direct. 【训练15】2026 年 1 月南京、盐城高三期末・C 篇 “The wet tropics in Australia occupy a bit of a warmer, drier climate space than tropical forests on other continents, thus potentially serving as an analog for what tropical forests will experience in other parts of the world,” said Carle. Previous research suggested that tropical rainforests increase their capacity for carbon storage... 30. What does the underlined word “analog” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Different model. B. Sustainable system. C. Similar example. D. Historical background. 【训练16】2026 年 1 月辽宁名校联盟高三期末・C 篇 The research highlights a common challenge faced by premature babies, who are often born at least three weeks early and may spend weeks or months in the hospital. During this time, they miss out on the consecutive hearing stimulation they would typically receive in the womb, which is crucial for language development. 29. What does the underlined word “consecutive” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Various. B. Unplanned. C. Continuous. D. Unnecessary. 【训练17】2026 年 1 月滨州高三期末・C 篇 AI tutors can save children from classes pitched to the median, where bright pupils are bored and struggling ones are lost. Yet, technology creates new risks. AI may generate wrong answers, and chatbots can sometimes coax vulnerable adolescents into harmful behaviors. 29. What does the underlined word “coax” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Force. B. Trick. C. Assist. D. Argue. 【训练18】2026 年 1 月济宁高三一模・C 篇 They found the patterns in The Starry Night correspond to two important principles in fluid dynamics: Kolmogorov’s law and Batchelor’s scaling. Don’t worry if these terms sound abstruse—let’s break them down. 28. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “abstruse” in paragraph 2? A. Inappropriate. B. Incomprehensible. C. Inseparable. D. Inaccurate. 【训练19】2026 年 1 月青岛高三调研・C 篇 Until now, identifying these roars relied heavily on expert judgment, introducing potential human bias. Our new approach using AI promises more accurate and less subjective monitoring... Lion populations are dwindling. There are around 25,000 animals in the wild in Africa... 31. What does the underlined word “dwindling” mean in paragraph 4? A. On the decline. B. Hard to estimate. C. Under control. D. At a stable level. 【训练20】2026 年 1 月泰安高三期末・C 篇 A new research found a systematic review of the available evidence... Video gamers worldwide may be risking irreversible hearing loss or constant ringing in the ears—a condition that exists permanently and can't be repaired even with advanced medical intervention. 28. What does the word “irreversible” most probably mean in paragraph one? A. Severe. B. Relevant. C. Incurable. D. Unnoticeable. 【训练21】2026 年 1 月绵阳高三二诊 A・C 篇 One practical step you can take now is to keep a pencil or pad by your bed. Sometimes, you can also carry a pocket notebook so that ideas that strike you while waiting for someone or travelling on a train can be recorded. Later, you can transfer these jottings to your main notebook. 28. What does the underlined word “jottings” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Short written notes. B. Careful long records. C. Personal daily diaries. D. Printed study materials. 【训练22】2026 年 1 月重庆八中高三月考五・C 篇 The large number of followers no longer means as much as it used to, as social media are easier to fake and more controlled by artificial intelligence. On the other hand, a noticeably small following now packs a punch. Writer Emily Sundberg praised Air Mail’s new editor... 29. What does the underlined phrase “packs a punch” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Requires extra preparation. B. Calls for additional promotion. C. Carries a certain weight. D. Needs careful content polishing. 【训练23】2026 年 1 月重庆巴蜀中学高三月考六・C 篇 Toys were assigned to a category at random. In other words, a toy’s physical traits did not dictate how it would be used. Game playing continued until the dogs related each toy to either “pull” or “throw”. 28. What does the underlined word “dictate” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Hide. B. Change. C. Determine. D. Contradict. 【训练24】2026 年 1 月重庆康德模拟二・C 篇 Extreme day trips are a new trend that pack international adventure into just 24 hours. It might sound exhausting, but for lots of people, the appeal lies in time efficiency... It’s possible to zip to cities in your own country to experience new culture, food and geography without ever leaving “home”... 28. What does the underlined word “zip” in paragraph 2 mean? A. To close a bag quickly. B. To travel rapidly. C. To explore thoroughly. D. To hesitate about a decision. $2026 届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解题专项 ---词句猜测 一、利用上下文逻辑关系推测词义 1. 定义或解释关系 标志词be called, mean, refer to, be defined as, that is (to say), in other words等。 真题案例 1) 2023年新高考全国I卷C篇 I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. 29. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Clear-up.  B. Add-on.       C. Check-in.            D. Take-over. 答案：A根据后文 "This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days"（这个过程要求你远离非必要的线上活动 30 天）可知，"digital declutter" 是指对数字生活进行清理、整顿，与 "clear-up"（清理、整理）含义最接近。冒号后全程解释---脱离不必要线上活动、精简筛选，对应 “清理 / 精简”。 2) 2020年高考英语全国Ⅲ卷 Yet “Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including “Water for Elephants,” “The Hangover Part Ⅱ” and “Zookeeper,” have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly. 26. What does the underlined phrase “keeping tabs on” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Listing completely. B. Directing professionally. C. Promoting successfully. D. Watching carefully. 答案：D解析：前文 monitor（监管）同义替换，即为 “密切留意、监督”。 2. 因果关系 标志词because, so, therefore, result in, due to, owing to 等。 2021年高考英语浙江卷 “The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions,” she said. “Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with nonverbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains.” 29. What does the underlined word “gulf” in the last paragraph mean? A. Difference.        B. Conflict. C. Balance.      D. Connection. 答案：A解析：因果推导 —— 交流内容差别不大，隔阂 / 差异仍存在。 3. 对比或转折关系 标志词but, however, while, instead of, rather than, unlike 等。 1) 2022年高考英语浙江卷 How long we stay on the clock and how we spend that time are under careful examination in many workplaces. The young banker who eats lunch at his desk is probably seen as a go-getter, while his colleagues who chat over a relaxed conference-room meal get dirty looks from the corner office. “People from cultures that value relationships more than ours are shocked by the thought of eating alone in front of a computer,” says Art Markman, a professor of psychology at the University of Texas, Austin. Social interaction has been shown to lift mood(情绪) and get people thinking in new directions and in ways that could help improve any post-lunch effort. 28. The underlined word “go-getter” in paragraph 3 refers to someone who . A. is good at handling pressure B. works hard to become successful C. has a natural talent for his job D. gets on well with his co-workers 答案：B解析：while 对比：独处加班吃饭 = 上进努力、追求成功。 2) 2020年高考英语新课标Ⅰ卷 According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research，both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid. 13. What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. Big eaters.  B. Overweight persons.   C. Picky eaters.     D. Tall thin persons. 答案：D解析：contrary 反向对比：胖人→对立面 = 瘦高的人。 3) 2021年高考英语全国Ⅱ卷 When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl(水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat(栖息地). 29. What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph? A. Acquire.  B. Export.     C. Destroy.    D. Distribute. 答案：C解析：负面转折 + 后文杀戮破坏，词义为 “摧毁、大量破坏”。 4) 2024年高考英语全国Ⅱ卷 In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code(代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic，making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. 32. What does the phrase“In the wrong hands”in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. If read by someone poorly educated. B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C. If written by someone less competent. D. If translated by someone unacademic. 答案：A解析：but 转折：专业人能看懂→外行 / 学识不足的人看不懂。 5) 2024年高考英语全国甲卷 Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit，but cats take this behavior up a notch. Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. This is a very old habit that's been present in all kinds of predators(食肉动物). Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their nature since the beginning of time. So just go along with it! 26. Which best explains the phrase“take...up a notch”in paragraph 3? A. Perform appropriately.  B. Move faster. C. Act strangely.  D. Do better. 答案：D 解析：but 递进转折，猫咪比狗做得更好、更进一步。 6) 2021年高考英语新课标Ⅰ卷 As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room，otherwise they’d get up to mischief. We’d come down in the morning to find they’d turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo. 5. What do the underlined words "get up to mischief" mean in Paragraph 3? A. Behave badly.  B. Lose their way. C. Sleep soundly.  D. Miss their mom. 答案：A 解析：otherwise 反向 + 后文弄乱房间，即为 “捣蛋、行为恶劣”。 二、借助例证或标点符号线索 1. 举例说明 标志词 such as, for example, like, e.g., 冒号、破折号等。 1) 2024年高考英语全国Ⅰ卷 When reading texts of several hundred words or more，learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to ones that require mental abstraction—such as drawing inferences from a text. 28. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Seem unlikely to last.  B. Seem hard to explain. C. Become ready to use.  D. Become easy to notice. 答案：D 解析：举例递进，难度加大时纸质阅读优势更明显、更容易看出。 2) 2022年全国高考英语乙卷 That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance，including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts. 9. What does “maintenance” underlined in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Personnel safety.  B. Assistance from drones. C. Inspection and repair.  D. Construction of infrastructure. 答案：C 解析：including 直接举例 = 检查 + 维修。 2. 标点符号暗示 破折号、括号、逗号：通常用于解释或补充说明。 2021年全国英语乙卷 Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones according to a survey (调查). Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket—19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category. 25. What does the underlined word “concede” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Admit.  B. Argue.       C. Remember.       D. Remark. 答案：A 解析：破折号解释，人们承认座机没必要。 三、通过构词法推断词义 1.常见词根词缀 1）前缀 否定反向 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 un -不：unhappy、unable in/im/il/ir -不：impossible、illegal、irregular dis -否定/分开：dislike、disappear non -非：non-smoking 方向时间 pre - 提前：preview、predict post - 在后：post-war re - 再 / 回：rewrite、return ex - 向外/前任：exit、ex-president under -不足/在下：underestimate over -过度/在上：overwork 数量关联 uni - 单：uniform bi - 双：bicycle tri - 三：triangle multi - 多：multiple semi -半：semicircle inter -之间：international trans -跨越：transport、translate con/com/co -共同：connect、cooperate 2）后缀-秒判词性 名词（人/物抽象） -er/or 人：teacher、actor -ist专业人：scientist、artist -tion/sion动作名词：action、decision -ment结果：development、agreement -ness性质：happiness、kindness -ity安全/属性：safety、quality -ance/ence状态：importance、difference 形容词 -ful充满：careful、helpful -less无：useless、homeless -able/ible可…：possible、comfortable -ous多：dangerous、curious -al有关：natural、formal -ive有… 倾向：active、creative 动词/副词 -ize使… 化：realize、organize -ate 做/使：create、activate -ly副词：quickly、clearly 3）核心高频词根 port运/拿：import、export、transport vis/view看：visit、visible、review dict说：predict、dictation act做：action、active gress走：progress audi听：audio、audience tele远：telephone、TV scrib写：describe、script bene好：benefit mal坏：malfunction 4）考场3条秒用口诀 1 见否定前缀 un/in/dis→词义直接反着猜 2 看后缀定词性：tion/ment是名词；able/ful是形容词 3 长单词拆分：前缀+词根+后缀，拆完就能懂大意 真题示例： 2025年1月浙江首考 阅读理解D篇 When a company designs a product, it often gives it human features—a name, a voice, a face, or even a personality. This is called anthropomorphism. For example, a smart speaker may be called "Alexa" and sound like a friendly person. A car may have headlights that look like eyes. 34. What does the underlined word "anthropomorphism" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. The act of naming products after people. B. The process of making products look modern. C. The tendency to treat products as unimportant. D. The practice of giving products human characteristics. 答案：D 词根拆分： anthropo- = 人、人类 morphism = 形式、形态 → anthropomorphism = 赋予人类形态 / 特征 → 拟人化 原文依据：gives it human features—a name, a voice, a face, or even a personality 对应选项：D. 给产品赋予人类特征 （2021新高 I卷A篇 完整词义猜测题） Airline Passenger Services Children under 5 can travel with a parent for free. For unaccompanied minors aged 5 to 12, the airline provides free escort service during the trip. Kids traveling alone need their parents to fill in a special form and book the service at least two days ahead. Teenagers above 16 can take the flight by themselves without asking for the service. 1. What does the underlined word "unaccompanied" mean? A. Not cared for B. Not accompanied by adults C. Not old enough D. Not registered in advance 答案 B 详解 1. 词根拆分： un-（否定：不）+ accompany（v. 陪伴）+ -ed（形容词）→ 无人陪伴的 2. 语境验证：后文出现 traveling alone（独自出行），直接对应 “没有成人陪同”； 3. 选项排除： A 没人照顾、C 年龄不够、D 没提前登记，都不符合词根 + 语境含义。 （2021新高考I卷D 篇） Researchers studied ancient human teeth and jaws. In early times, people’s upper and lower front teeth were straight and aligned. This made it hard to make labiodental sounds like "f" and "v". Gradually, humans developed an overbite: the upper front teeth slightly cover the lower ones. This small change in our jaws made it much easier to produce certain common sounds in human language. 2. What does the underlined word "overbite" refer to? A. A way of speaking clearly B. A change of sound signals C. A tooth structure with upper teeth covering lower ones D. A difficulty in pronouncing simple words 答案C 详解:词根拆分over-（在上方/覆盖）+ bite（咬合）→ 上牙覆住下牙的咬合结构 原文释义支撑：the upper front teeth slightly cover the lower ones（上牙轻微盖住下牙）； 2. 合成词拆分 真题示例： When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to ones that require mental abstraction—such as drawing inferences from a text. 28. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean? 选项 A. Seem unlikely to last. B. Seem hard to explain. C. Become ready to use. D. Become easy to notice. 答案 D 详解: 拆分：shine（发光、发亮）+ through（穿过、透过）→ 字面 “透过… 发光” → 引申为 “显现出来、变得明显、突出”。 语境：前文说纸质阅读更有效；本句说明：当任务从简单变复杂（从找主旨到推理）时，纸质阅读的优势更加明显、更容易被注意到。 2022 年新高考 I 卷 B 篇 The food industry is changing faster than ever, and plant-based meat is expected to overtake real meat in popularity within a decade. 24. What does the underlined word “overtake” mean? A. Catch up with. B. Pass by. C. Go beyond. D. Fall behind. 答案C 详解（拆分法）:over（超过、越过）+ take（拿、占据）→ 超过、超越、赶超 语境：植物肉未来十年在受欢迎程度上超过真肉 对应选项：C. Go beyond（超越、超过） 2022 年全国乙卷 B 篇 24 题 Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. 24. What does “breakdown” mean? A. Failure. B. Division. C. Collapse. D. Disorder. 答案 B 详解（拆分法）:break（打破、拆分）+ down（向下、分开）→ 拆分、细目、分类统计 语境：2018 年不同交通方式排放的详细分类、细目 对应选项：B. Division（分类、划分） 四、结合上下文语境联想 1) 2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国乙卷) In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact(联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted，only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects. 34. What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. problem         B. history C. voice     D. society 答案：B 解析：文字只记录一半，实物补全另一半对话→完整历史。 2) 2021年高考英语天津卷(第一次) The poignancy of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform，I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him，just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind. 43. The underlined part “leaving behind the layer" in Paragraph 8 can be understood as ___________. A. letting go of the past  B. looking for a new job C. getting rid of a bad habit  D. giving up an opportunity 答案：A 解析：原句复现 leave the past behind，直接对应。 3) 2025年新高考全国I卷B篇 As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre(体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. 26. What does the underlined word "staggering" in paragraph 3 mean? A. Mixed.        B. Amazing.       C. Similar.     D. Disturbing. 答案：B 解析：成果优质感人，词义为 “惊人的、极好的”。 4) 2021年全国英语甲卷 Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don’t worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up, "Safe, man. Safe. " A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting, "Safe! Safe! Safe！" And that’s what mattered-landing tricks, being a good skater. 9. What do the underlined words "Safe! Safe! Safe! " probably mean? A. Be careful!  B. Well done! C. No way!  D. Don’t worry! 答案：B 解析：成功完成动作，喝彩夸赞 “做得好”。 5) 2022年全国高考英语甲卷 Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career(职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge. 28. Which of the following best explains "take the plunge" underlined in Paragraph 2? A. Try challenging things.  B. Take a degree. C. Bring back lost memories.  D. Stick to a promise. 答案：A 解析：有空、一直想远行，下决心尝试全新挑战。 6) 2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国甲卷) Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture，she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. 24. Which is closest in meaning to "a dab hand" in paragraph 1? A. An artist.      B. A winner. C. A specialist.       D. A pioneer. 答案：C 解析：skilled 擅长 = 能手、专业行家。 五、 指代关系（代词或名词） 1）2024年1月高考英语浙江卷 When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone call—not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago，right? The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was...2006.I was conducting auditions(试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing，I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more “young professional”. 24. What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to? A. The play. B. The shared house. C. The sofa. D. The telephone box. 答案：B. The shared house. 详解：原文中，作者在伦敦的旧合租屋（shared house）里为戏剧试演。为了让屋子看起来更“年轻专业”，他在沙发上铺了毯子并点燃蜡烛。划线词“it”指代前文提到的需要被“打扮”的对象，即“my tiny old shared house”。选项A（戏剧）、C（沙发）、D（电话亭）均不符合上下文逻辑。 2）2022年新高考英语Ⅱ卷 We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal. This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2yearold grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures—a perfect match for his age. 24. What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2? A. Provided shelter for me.  B. Became very clear to me. C. Took the pressure off me.  D. Worked quite well on me. 答案：B. Became very clear to me. 详解：“hit home”是固定习语，意为“使人深刻理解、意识到”。前文提到年轻人认为多媒体讲故事是常态，而作者与2岁孙子互动时，通过一本简单的儿童书突然意识到这种代际差异——即“新事物对年轻人而言已是正常”。因此，“hit home for me”表示“我恍然大悟/变得非常清楚”。其他选项（提供庇护、减轻压力、对我有效）均与语境无关。 3）2023年1月高考英语浙江卷 Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon. I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household. 24. What do the underlined words“jump on that bandwagon”mean in the first paragraph? A. Share an apartment with you.  B. Join you in what you’re doing. C. Transform your way of living.  D. Help you to make the decision. 答案：B 解析：jump on the bandwagon是英语固定习语，意为：跟风；随大流；加入某潮流 / 活动 核心含义 = join in；follow the trend。如果你想过更环保可持续的生活，身边并非所有人都会跟你一起做这件事。后文紧接着举例：作者自己过零废弃生活，但父母、丈夫都没有完全跟她一样。 → 进一步印证：jump on that bandwagon = 加入你、跟你一起做 六、总结：词义猜测题解题口诀 上下文中找线索，逻辑关系是关键； 定义举例和对比，标点符号来帮忙； 词根词缀拆词看，熟词生义要警惕； 代入验证是否通，排除干扰选最佳。 高考真题演练 1.（ 2023年全国乙卷 说明文）（人工生命 ALife） Artificial intelligence may be considered ALife’s cousin in that researchers in both fields are enamored by a concept called open-ended evolution (演化). 题干 32. What does the word “enamored” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Shocked. B. Protected. C. Attracted. D. Challenged. 答案C 详解：AI 和人工生命研究领域相似，两个领域的研究者都被 “开放式演化” 这一概念____。 A. 震惊；B. 保护；C. 吸引；D. 质疑。 结合语境，两个领域都推崇、关注这一核心概念，说明研究者被该概念吸引，enamored 意为 “喜爱、倾心、被吸引”。 2.（2025 年全国二卷） There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.” What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4 A. Offering regular lessons. B. Paying extra attention. C. Assigning no schoolwork. D. Showing no sympathy. 答案C 详解：代词指代往前找：前一句核心行为是 Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments（有些老师不给学生布置作业）。it 指代这件事，对应选项 “不给学生布置作业”。 3.（2025年1月浙江首考说明）（矩阵种植） A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. Referred to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing. Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and power tools, it’s based on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature does. 题干 What does the underlined word “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean? A. Running out of. B. Keeping away from. C. Putting up with. D. Taking advantage of. 答案B 详解：根据上文 “矩阵种植让大自然在园艺中承担更多工作”，再结合画线词后文 “to garden more like nature does（效仿自然进行园艺种植）”，自然种植本就不使用化肥、电动工具。 A. 耗尽；B. 避开、远离；C. 忍受；D. 利用。 因此Eschewing意为 “避开、不使用”，与 Keeping away from 同义。 4.（2023年天津第一次高考 说明文）（神经美学） Researchers use brain imaging technique to see which brain areas light up when we view paintings that we consider beautiful. Similar research has been done to understand the neuronal fireworks that occur when we look at inspiring sculptures, attractive faces, impressive dance, etc. What does “neuronal fireworks” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A beautiful painting or sculpture. B. The lighting-up of specific brain areas. C. An advanced brain imaging technology. D. The aesthetic assessment of modern art. 答案B 详解：前文铺垫：研究人员用脑成像观察，人们欣赏美景时大脑特定区域会激活发亮；后文用类比手法，看雕塑、美景时产生的 “neuronal fireworks” 和前文大脑发亮是同一概念。 该短语字面为 “神经元烟火”，比喻大脑观赏艺术时的神经激活、区域发亮，对应 B 选项。 5.（2025 高考北京卷 夹叙夹议）（社会比较） In my defence, I did what we’ve all done before, which is repeat received wisdom without exploring the nuances. But now is the time to set the record straight, which starts with questioning the idea that all social comparison is unhealthy. What does the word “nuances” underlined in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Major achievements. B. Complex feelings. C. Significant impacts. D. Fine differences. 答案 D 详解：句意：我以前只是照搬固有观点，没有深究其中的____；如今要纠正认知，质疑 “所有社会比较都有害” 这个绝对化观点。 A. 重大成就；B. 复杂情感；C. 重大影响；D. 细微差别。 作者想表达：忽略了不同情况里的细微差异，不懂辩证看待问题，因此 nuances 表示 “细微差别”。 巩固训练 【训练1】（吉林省长春市第二实验中学2023-2024学年高三试题） A listener whose head is in some "sweet spot" hears high-quality sound. But as one gets farther from the sweet spot, the sound diminishes. That’s because sound waves from different loudspeakers interact to cancel out each other’s sound. What does the underlined word "diminishes" in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Becomes lower.  B．Travels faster. C．Gets sweeter.  D．Sounds nicer. 【答案】A 【解析】根据上文内容以及后句“That’s because sound waves from different loudspeakers interact to cancel out each other’s sound.（这是因为来自不同扬声器的声波相互作用，相互抵消对方的声音）”可知，这种技术是通过降噪处理消除对别人的干扰，因此推断划线句句意：但当你远离最佳点时，声音就会减弱。故判断该词义为“声音变小”。故选A。 【训练2】（湖北省高中名校联盟2023-2024学年高三联合测评试题） Actually, until her pregnancy Quarles had been living at breakneck speed. It went so until last year. "I was exhausted, " she says. " I’d been working three jobs, doing my charity and going nonstop. I was afraid my mental health was getting worse. " ...... Which of the following best explains "breakneck" underlined in paragraph 2? A．Safe and slow.  B．Fast and dangerous. C．Exciting and terrifying. D．Gentle and comfortable. 【答案】 B 【解析】根据第一段“Alicia Quarles has her hands full these days — both of them, at all hours of the day and night.(这些天艾丽西亚·夸尔斯忙得不可开交——无论是白天还是晚上)”及划线词下文““I was exhausted,” she says. “I’d been working three jobs, doing my charity and going nonstop. I was afraid my mental health was getting worse.”(“我筋疲力尽，”她说。“我一直在做三份工作，做慈善，不停地工作。我担心我的心理健康状况会越来越差。”)”可知，夸尔斯工作繁忙，生活速度非常快，以至于筋疲力尽。由此推知，划线词breakneck与Fast and dangerous(快速危险)意思接近。故选B。 【训练3】（广东省揭阳市普宁市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题） In early 2021, I hit a rut in my studies. As a doctoral candidate at the University of Chicago in Illinois, I worked to design safer, more effective materials for vaccine delivery. Although I had been productive early in my graduate career, my long hours and hard work were no longer translating into success in the laboratory, and I felt hopeless about achieving my goals. Something had to change. ...... What does the underlined part "hit a rut" in paragraph 1 mean? A．Stopped progressing smoothly.  B．Had very slow reactions. C．Accepted hard work’s value.  D．Overcame a big problem. 【答案】A 【解析】根据文章第一段“Although I had been productive early in my graduate career, my long hours and hard work were no longer translating into success in the laboratory, and I felt hopeless about achieving my goals. Something had to change.(虽然我在研究生生涯的早期很有成效，但我的长时间和辛勤工作不再转化为实验室的成功，我对实现自己的目标感到绝望。有些事情必须改变。)”可知，我在学业上遇到了瓶颈，所以划线部分的短语是停止顺利进行的意思。故选A项。 【训练4】（安徽省皖江名校联盟2023年高三联考） The creators of the wall hope it will bring an urgently needed solution to the threats facing the African continent, creating 10 million jobs in rural areas, as well as preventing 250 million tons of carbon. The initiative is Africa-driven, which for those on the continent, is vital, and may hold the key to success. "The Great Green Wall…is about ownership, and that has been the failure of development aid because people were never identified with it, " said Elvis Paul Tangam, African Union Commissioner for the Sahara and Sahel Great Green Wall Initiative. "But this time they identify. This is the very thing of us! " What does "us" underlined in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．African Unions.  B．All advocates. C．Land owners. D．All Africans. 【答案】D 【解析】根据第三段“The initiative is Africa-driven, which for those on the continent, is vital, and may hold the key to success. (这一倡议是非洲驱动的，对非洲大陆的人来说至关重要，可能是成功的关键)”以及“ “The Great Green Wall…is about ownership, and that has been the failure of development aid because people were never identified with it,” said Elvis Paul Tangam, African Union Commissioner for the Sahara and Sahel Great Green Wall Initiative. “But this time they identify. This is the very thing of us!” (“绿色长城……是关于所有权的问题，而这正是发展援助的失败之处，因为人们从未认同它，”非洲联盟撒哈拉和萨赫勒绿色长城倡议专员埃尔维斯·保罗·坦加姆说。“但这一次他们认同了。这就是我们的本性！)”可知，此处的us指“所有的非洲人”。故选D项。 【训练5】（湖南省常德市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题） Regulatory limits for how much PFAS food packaging should contain can vary greatly. For instance, a new law in California set the limit at less than 100 ppm. "Compared to America, Denmark sets a much lower regulatory limit of 20 ppm with great success, "said Xenia Trier, an expert at the European Environment Agency.“It does work to set limits and enforce them. PFAS do migrate from the paper into the food. Even though it was not 100%, we still saw considerable transmission. In general, transmission from packaging to food is increased as the temperature of the food rises. It is the same with the time spent in wrapping materials. "Trier told NBS, one of the major American mass-media companies. What does the underlined word "it" refer to in paragraph 4? A．Considerable migration of grease and water. B．PFAS transmission from packaging to food. C．Wrapper exposure to high food temperature. D．Regulatory limits concerning food packaging. 【答案】B 【解析】根据第四段“PFAS do migrate from the paper into the food. Even though it was not 100%, we still saw considerable transmission.(PFAS确实从纸张转移到了食品中。尽管它不是100%，但我们仍然看到了相当大的传播)”可知，句中it指代上文提及的“PFAS从纸张转移到食品中”。故选B。 【训练6】（2023年全国高三专项练习） At the end of each day, the participants showed high activity in a brain area called the midbrain. The scientists were interested in two, small areas within it. Both areas produce dopamine, a chemical that is important in craving and rewards. The two areas activated when hungry participants saw pictures of tasty pizza or juicy hamburgers. After the volunteers had been isolated, those brain areas became active when they saw social activities they missed. It might be playing sports or chatting with friends. ...... What does the underlined "it" in paragraph 3 refer to? A．A midbrain area.  B．A social activity.  C．A volunteer.  D．A hamburger. 【答案】B 【解析】根据第三自然段“After the volunteers had been isolated, those brain areas became active when they saw social activities they missed. It might be playing sports or chatting with friends. (在志愿者被隔离后，当他们看到自己错过的社交活动时，这些大脑区域就会变得活跃。可能是做运动或和朋友聊天)”可知，代词It指代的是前文中让大脑会变得活跃的social activities之一。故选B项。 【训练7】（山东省曲阜师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年质量检测） Real riches consist of well-developed and hearty capacities (能力) to enjoy life. Most people are already swamped (淹没) with things. They eat, wear, go and talk too much. They live in too big a house with too many rooms, yet their house of life is a hut. ...... The underlined sentence in the second paragraph probably implies that______. A．however materially rich, they never seem to be satisfied B．however materially rich, they remain spiritually poor C．though their house is big, they prefer a simple life D．though their house is big, it seems to be a cage 【答案】B 【解析】根据上文“Most people are already swamped (淹没) with things. They eat, wear, go and talk too much.(大多数人已经被事情淹没了。他们吃得太多，穿得太多，去得太多，说得太多)”可推知，大多数人有耽于生活中物质的东西和琐碎的东西，比如吃穿和闲聊，由此推知，尽管他们物质丰富，但实际精神生活匮乏，这正是划线句表达的意思，与B项“however materially rich, they remain spiritually poor(无论物质上多么富裕，他们精神上仍然贫乏)”同义。故选B项。 【训练8】（浙江省名校协作体2023-2024学年高三适应性试题） Last year, after a winter of practicing skiing on the green tracks for beginners each week, Alicia was french-frying her way down blues and even attempted her first black. That month also witnessed me visiting the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined and I’ve got myself a partner for life. ...... What does the father imply by saying “I’ve got myself a partner for life.”? A．It is rewarding to learn new skills.  B．Skiing has become his lifelong hobby. C．He will explore more with his daughter.  D．His daughter will accompany him forever. 【答案】C 【解析】根据第二段“Watching your kids learn new skills is extraordinarily rewarding, but I’ve experienced more personal growth than I have at any other point in my life.”（看着你的孩子学习新技能是非常值得的，但我经历的个人成长比我生命中其他任何时候都要多。）以及划线句前“Last year, after a winter of practicing skiing on the green tracks for beginners each week, Alicia was french-frying her way down blues and even attempted her first black. That month also witnessed me visiting the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined ”（去年，艾丽西亚在为初学者准备的绿色雪道上练习了一个冬天的滑雪之后，她在蓝色中级雪道一路摸索，甚至尝试了她的第一个黑色钻石雪道。那个月我去山上的次数比过去15年的总和还多）可知，孩子在探索的同时，我也在探索。所以划线句的意思是他将和女儿一起探索更多。故选C。 【训练9】（2022年全国高三专练） When you need a job very much, you may end up taking one that isn't ideal for you…. Of course, you may seek tasks and responsibilities that force you to learn something new or to work harder. "You may be operating on autopilot（习惯性地）right now, but chances are that people above you are stressed, " Sarah Hathorn says. " Take things off your boss’s plate and let him know which projects or tasks you want to learn more about. " ...... The underlined words "take things off your boss’s plate" mean______. A．draw your boss’s attention  B．share your boss’s burdens C．give your boss useful advice  D．ask your boss for a better position 【答案】B 【解析】通过文中画线句后文“let him know which projects or tasks you want to learn more about.（让他知道哪些项目或任务你想要多了解一些。）” 可知画线部分的意思是你能与老板分担忧愁，故选B项。 【训练10】（2022·湖北孝感高三模拟） As soon as I started pedaling again, my pants got caught in the chain, and I fell flat on my face and hit my nose. Since that happened, my granddad decided to call it a day and try again the next morning. The next morning I woke up bright and early, and was very eager to try to ride my bike. My nose felt better, so I wasn’t that afraid of falling anymore. ...... 26．What does the underlined part in the passage mean? A．Remember what happened this day. B．Make the author feel happy. C．Stop practicing bicycling. D．Go on to ride a bike. 【答案】C 【解析】词义猜测题。下文and try again the next morning.说第二天早晨再尝试，可猜测出my granddad decided to call it a day的意思是我的祖父决定暂停，故选C。 【训练11】2026 年 1 月广东省大湾区高三一模英语・C 篇 With climate change pushing mosquitoes to higher altitudes-the last shelter for honeycreepers, time is running out. Several of the remaining honeycreeper species are highly endangered. Some die after a single bite from an infected mosquito. Thus, curbing the mosquito population with methods like the BNM project may be the birds’ only chance to survive. 31. What does the underlined word “curbing” in the last paragraph mean? A. Wiping out. B. Keeping track of. C. Coexisting with. D. Keeping under control. 第31题.D 解析：划线词“curbing”所在句意为：“通过BNM项目等方法______蚊子数量可能是鸟类唯一的生存机会。”前文提到蚊子数量需减少以保护鸟类，后文强调“唯一生存机会”，因此“curbing”应表示 “控制/抑制” 而非完全消灭。D选项“Keeping under control”（控制）最符合语境。故选D。 【训练12】2026 年 1 月广东省汕头市高三期末・C 篇 Studies show that digital technology, especially social media, worsens this condition. Data Reportal's 2024 report pooled screen-time records from 1.3 million users in 40 countries and found further proof. For instance, people in America aged 16-24 averaged 7 hours 3 minutes online per day... 30. What does the underlined word “pooled” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Evaluated. B. Created. C. Published. D. Collected. 第30题.D 解析：“pooled”所在句提到“汇总了130万用户的屏幕时间记录”，结合语境可知意为“收集”（collected）。故选D。 【训练13】2026 年 1 月河北省 NT20 高三质检・C 篇 Following PIRG’s report, OllyAI halted production of the bear toys for a safety review. Meanwhile, 80 organizations, including Fairplay, advised families to avoid AI toys this season... 30. What does the underlined word “halted” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Suspended. B. Ignored. C. Opposed. D. Expanded. 第30题.A 解析：根据第五段“for a safety review”可知，OllyAI暂停了小熊玩具的生产以进行安全审查， “halted”意为“暂停”，与“suspended”一致。故选A。 【训练14】2026 年 1 月长沙市高三一模・C 篇 They often grow on objects made by humans, and groups of them can prevent these objects from functioning. For example, zebra mussels have been known to obstruct the flow of water through pipes, which can prevent communities from getting clean drinking water. They attach to these objects firmly... 30. What does the underlined word “obstruct” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Avoid. B. Block. C. Control. D. Direct. 第30题.B 解析：第四段提到斑马贻贝附着在管道内壁，导致清洁饮用水供应受阻。根据“prevent... from getting clean drinking water”可推知“obstruct”意为“阻塞、阻碍”，与“block”同义。故选B。 【训练15】2026 年 1 月南京、盐城高三期末・C 篇 “The wet tropics in Australia occupy a bit of a warmer, drier climate space than tropical forests on other continents, thus potentially serving as an analog for what tropical forests will experience in other parts of the world,” said Carle. Previous research suggested that tropical rainforests increase their capacity for carbon storage... 30. What does the underlined word “analog” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Different model. B. Sustainable system. C. Similar example. D. Historical background. 第30题.C 解析：原文提到澳大利亚湿热带雨林气候“更温暖、更干燥”，可能成为“其他地区热带森林将经历情况的______”。根据逻辑，此处应表示“类似案例”或“参照范例”。故选C。 【训练16】2026 年 1 月辽宁名校联盟高三期末・C 篇 The research highlights a common challenge faced by premature babies, who are often born at least three weeks early and may spend weeks or months in the hospital. During this time, they miss out on the consecutive hearing stimulation they would typically receive in the womb, which is crucial for language development. 29. What does the underlined word “consecutive” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Various. B. Unplanned. C. Continuous. D. Unnecessary. 第29题.C 解析：第四段提到“The research highlights a common challenge faced by premature babies, who are often born at least three weeks early and may spend weeks or months in the hospital. (这项研究凸显了早产儿面临的一个共同挑战，他们通常早产至少三周，可能会在医院待上几周或几个月。)”, 由此可知，他们中断了在子宫中的发育，所以划线词所在句的句意为：在此期间，他们错过了通常在子宫内接受的连续(Continuous)听力刺激，这对语言发展至关重要。故选C项。 【训练17】2026 年 1 月滨州高三期末・C 篇 AI tutors can save children from classes pitched to the median, where bright pupils are bored and struggling ones are lost. Yet, technology creates new risks. AI may generate wrong answers, and chatbots can sometimes coax vulnerable adolescents into harmful behaviors. 29. What does the underlined word “coax” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Force. B. Trick. C. Assist. D. Argue. 第29题.B解析：根据第二段“chatbots can sometimes coax vulnerable adolescents into harmful behaviors”（聊天机器人可能______脆弱青少年做出有害行为），结合上下文对AI风险的描述，此处应表示“诱使、哄骗”，故选B。 【训练18】2026 年 1 月济宁高三一模・C 篇 They found the patterns in The Starry Night correspond to two important principles in fluid dynamics: Kolmogorov’s law and Batchelor’s scaling. Don’t worry if these terms sound abstruse—let’s break them down. 28. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “abstruse” in paragraph 2? A. Inappropriate. B. Incomprehensible. C. Inseparable. D. Inaccurate. 第28题.B 解析：“Don’t worry if these terms sound abstruse—let’s break them down.”后文紧接着解释这两个术语，说明它们可能“难以理解”，需要拆解说明。故选B。 【训练19】2026 年 1 月青岛高三调研・C 篇 Until now, identifying these roars relied heavily on expert judgment, introducing potential human bias. Our new approach using AI promises more accurate and less subjective monitoring... Lion populations are dwindling. There are around 25,000 animals in the wild in Africa... 31. What does the underlined word “dwindling” mean in paragraph 4? A. On the decline. B. Hard to estimate. C. Under control. D. At a stable level. 第31题.A 解析： 划线词后紧跟数据对比“本世纪初期数量的一半”，说明狮子数量正在减少，A项“下降”符合语境。故选A。 【训练20】2026 年 1 月泰安高三期末・C 篇 A new research found a systematic review of the available evidence... Video gamers worldwide may be risking irreversible hearing loss or constant ringing in the ears—a condition that exists permanently and can't be repaired even with advanced medical intervention. 28. What does the word “irreversible” most probably mean in paragraph one? A. Severe. B. Relevant. C. Incurable. D. Unnoticeable. 第28题.C 解析：定位到第一段，该词用于修饰“hearing loss”（听力损失）。破折号后的内容“a condition that exists permanently and can't be repaired even with advanced medical intervention”（一种永久存在且即使有先进的医疗干预也无法修复的状况）是对前面“irreversible hearing loss or constant ringing in the ears”的解释说明。因此，“irreversible”的含义应与“permanent”（永久的）和“can't be repaired”（无法修复的）同义。故选C。 【训练21】2026 年 1 月绵阳高三二诊 A・C 篇 One practical step you can take now is to keep a pencil or pad by your bed. Sometimes, you can also carry a pocket notebook so that ideas that strike you while waiting for someone or travelling on a train can be recorded. Later, you can transfer these jottings to your main notebook. 28. What does the underlined word “jottings” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Short written notes. B. Careful long records. C. Personal daily diaries. D. Printed study materials. 第28题.A 解析：第一段提到“在等待或乘车时记录想法，之后可将其转移至主笔记本”，根据语境“ideas that strike you”和“recorded”可知，“jottings”指快速写下的简短笔记，而非长篇记录、日记或印刷材料。故选A。 【训练22】2026 年 1 月重庆八中高三月考五・C 篇 The large number of followers no longer means as much as it used to, as social media are easier to fake and more controlled by artificial intelligence. On the other hand, a noticeably small following now packs a punch. Writer Emily Sundberg praised Air Mail’s new editor... 29. What does the underlined phrase “packs a punch” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Requires extra preparation. B. Calls for additional promotion. C. Carries a certain weight. D. Needs careful content polishing. 第29题.C 解析：前一句说“粉丝数量多不再像过去那样重要了，因为社交媒体更容易造假，也更多被人工智能控制。”——强调“粉丝数量多”影响力下降。划线短语所在句由“On the other hand”引出转折，说明“粉丝数量明显少，现在却___”。根据前后对比，空格处应表达与“重要性影响力下降”相反的含义，即“反而具有不容小觑的影响/分量”。“packs a punch”是英语习语，本义指“出拳有力”, 引申为“很有力量、很有影响力、效果显著”。carries a certain weight意思是“有一定分量/影响力”, 与“packs a punch”在此处的引申义完全吻合。 【训练23】2026 年 1 月重庆巴蜀中学高三月考六・C 篇 Toys were assigned to a category at random. In other words, a toy’s physical traits did not dictate how it would be used. Game playing continued until the dogs related each toy to either “pull” or “throw”. 28. What does the underlined word “dictate” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Hide. B. Change. C. Determine. D. Contradict. 第28题.C 解析：根据前文可知玩具的分类是随机分配的，后文用“In other words”进行同义转述，由此可推断，玩具的物理特征并不会“决定”它的用途，故选C。 【训练24】2026 年 1 月重庆康德模拟二・C 篇 Extreme day trips are a new trend that pack international adventure into just 24 hours. It might sound exhausting, but for lots of people, the appeal lies in time efficiency... It’s possible to zip to cities in your own country to experience new culture, food and geography without ever leaving “home”... 28. What does the underlined word “zip” in paragraph 2 mean? A. To close a bag quickly. B. To travel rapidly. C. To explore thoroughly. D. To hesitate about a decision. 第28题.B 解析：根据第二段语境，"zip to cities... without ever leaving‘home’ "与后文“many European extreme daytrippers go abroad”相呼应，说明这是一种快速往返的旅行方式。故选B。 $